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1
Tampubolon, Lusni. "Upaya Meraih Standar Kompetensi Mengendalikan Hama Tanaman Melalui Cooperative Learning Berorientasi Forward Looking Siswa Kelas XI SMKN 1 Karang Baru." BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan 1, no. 2 (August 24, 2015): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/biotik.v1i2.217.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki kualitas proses belajar melalui pendekatan cooperative learning berorientasi forward looking sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mata diklat Mengendalikan Hama Tanaman. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari 3 (tiga) siklus. Langkah-langkah dalam setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan (planning), pelaksanaan (acting), pengamatan (observing), dan refleksi (reflecting). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebelum ada intervensi tindakan cooperative learning berorientasi forward looking hasil belajar pada ulangan harian pertama, nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 6,0. Setelah dilakukan intervensi secara berturut-turut selama tiga siklus, nilai aspek kognitif berangsur meningkat. Pada siklus pertama nilai rata-rata 6,6, pada siklus kedua 6,7 dan pada siklus ketiga 7,1. Presentase ketuntasan siklus pertama 30%, siklus kedua 50% dan siklus ketiga 75%. Setelah diselenggerakan remidiasi menjadi tuntas 100% dengan nilai berkisar 7,0 sampai 8,0. Perkembangan tugas rumah, unjuk kerja, dan laporan praktek selalu meningkat antara 7,0 sampai 9,0. Ketuntasan pada aspek sikap masih rendah, pada siklus pertama 5,3%, siklus kedua 18,4% dan siklus ketiga 34,2%. Pada akhir periode penelitian, ternyata ada 14 peserta didik yang memenuhi standar kompetensi atau baru mencapai 36,8%.
Kata Kunci: Pendekatan CLFL (Cooperative Learning Berorientasi Forward Looking), Hasil Belajar, dan Mengendalikan Hama
This research aimed at improving students’ learning outcomes by implementing cooperative learning forward-looking-oriented in the material of plants’ pest. This is a Classroom Action Research which consisted of three cycles. The steps in each cycles were planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The results showed that before treatment of cooperative learning forward-looking oriented, the students’ learning outcomes for the first daily test got the average score of 6.0. After the treatment in three cycles, the average score of cognitive aspect was increased gradually, they were 6.6, 6.7 and 7.1. The Percentage of completeness for the first cycle was 30%, meanwhile, the second and the third ones were 50% and 75%. After remedial was conducted, the percentage of completeness reaches 100% with scores range from 7.0 to 8.0. The development of homeworks, performance, and practice report were improved from 7.0 to 9.0. The completeness of the aspects of attitude was still low. It reached 5.3% in the first cycle, 18.4% in the second, and 34.2% in the third one. At the end of the study, there were 14 students who met the standards of competence or only reached 36.8%.
Keywords: CLFL Approach (Cooperative Learning Oriented Forward Looking), Learning Outcomes, and Controlling Pests
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Camiré, G. "Development of inverted metamorphic gradient in the internal domain of the Taconian belt, Gaspé Peninsula." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 32, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e95-005.
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The Mont Logan Nappe is part of the Taconian internal domain of the Quebec Appalachians, and is entirely made up of synrift to passive margin elastics and volcanics of the Shickshock Group. Rocks of the Mont Logan Nappe were affected by both Taconian and Acadian deformations but regional prograde metamorphism is Taconian and limited to the D1 deformational event. Thermobarometry and mineral assemblages indicate that the metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks of the Mont Logan Nappe have recorded peak temperatures in the range 610–700 °C under pressures of approximately 600–700 MPa, and that prograde metamorphism was accompanied by the development of an inverted metamorphic gradient of −40 to −75 °C/km. The preferred interpretation of the cause of the inverted gradient is dissipative heating accompanying deformation along an intracontinental synmetamorphic thrust fault located at the top of the inverted metamorphic sequence.
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Martin-Babau, Jerome, Jean-Yves Douillard, Olivier Jean Marie Dupuis, Marc Porneuf, Jean François Ramée, Jean-Luc Raoul, Philippe Deguiral, et al. "Is panitumumab monotherapy safe in metastatic colorectal cancer patients over 70 years old?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2015): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.714.
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714 Background: Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC) often occurs in patients older than 70 years old. Monoclonal antibodies targeting EGFR have improved the outcome of mCRC patients. Panitumumab in monotherapy is indicated in wild-type K-RAS mCRC progressing disease following fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-containing chemotherapy regimens. Very few data are available in elderly patients receiving panitumumab. Methods: Based on the cohort of the Observatory of Cancer B PL in France, we studied the efficacy and tolerance of panitumumab. We retrospectively collected data from patients treated between July 2008 and January 2014 and older than age 70 and compared the results between two cohorts: one contained patients ages 70 to 74; the other contained patients age 75 and older. Results: 136 patients were identified. The median age was 77. The median number of course received was 7 infusions. There was no difference in outcomes between the patients of the two cohorts. Median overall survival was 6.16 months. Median PFS was 13 weeks. The older patients received less previous chemotherapy ligns than the younger with a statistical difference (p=0.023). Tolerance was acceptable with a skin toxicity rate of 67% and 11.5% of grade 3-4. No diarrhea or hypomagnesemia were reported. Conclusions: Our study shows that panitumumab is feasible in elderly patients "in the real world" and has comparable efficacy than in younger patients.
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Sungkawa, Laras Waras, Yus Rusman, and Zulfikar Noormansyah. "TINGKAT PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI PADA USAHATANI PADI SAWAH SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (SRI)." JURNAL ILMIAH MAHASISWA AGROINFO GALUH 1, no. 1 (June 2, 2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/jimag.v1i1.290.
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Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat penerapan teknologi pada usahatani padi sawah System of Rice Intensification (SRI). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus pada Kelompoktani Angsana Mekar Desa Cibahayu Kecamatan Kadipaten Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Sampel penelitian diambil secara aacak sederhana (SampleRandom Sampling) sebanyak 36 orang dari jumlah anggota populasi 180 orang yang tergabung dalam kelompoktani Angsana Mekar. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat penerapan teknologi pada usahatani padi sawah System of Rice Intensification (SRI) di Kelompok Angsana Mekar termasuk dalam kriteria tinggi dengan skor 78,19. Penerapan tiap aspek teknologi yang dicapai responden adalah, a) pengolahan tanah 75 persen termasuk kriteria sedang dengan skor yang diperoleh 6,16, b) penggunaan benih 30,56 persen termasuk kriteria sedang 6, dengan skor yang diperoleh 6,83, c) perlakuan benih 86,11 persentermasukn kriteria tinggi dengan skor yang diperoleh 10,31, d) persemaian 83,33 persen termasuk kriteria tinggi dengan skor yang diperoleh 12,64, e) penanaman 19,44 persen termasuk kriteria sedang dengan skor yang diperoleh 7,10, f) pemupukan 63,89 persen termasuk kriteria sedang dengan skor yang diperoleh 7,10, g) penyiangan 75 persen termasuk kriteria tinggi dengan skor yang diperoleh 5,10, h) pengaturan air 100 persen termasuk kriteria tinggi dengan skor yang diperoleh 6,00, i) pengendalian hama dan penyakit 100 persen termasuk kriteria tinggi dengan skor yang diperoleh 8,56 serta, j) panen dan pasca panen 100 persen termasuk kriteria tinggi dengan skor yang diperoleh 8,39Kata kunci : System of Rice Intensification, Usahatani Padi Sawah
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Taylor, Emily, Sara Cloonan, Michael Grandner, and William Killgore. "719 Insomnia in Those Diagnosed with COVID-19." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A280—A281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.717.
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Abstract Introduction Recent meta-analyses suggest that as many as 75% of COVID-19 patients report sleep problems. Here, we sought to characterize this in terms of self-reported insomnia. We hypothesized that those endorsing a positive COVID-19 diagnosis would also report greater levels of insomnia than those with a negative diagnosis. Methods Between April and September 2020 we administered the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), each month to a total of 6162 English speaking adults in the United States ranging in age from 18–84 (M=36.2 years, SD=12.1; 53.9% female), recruited from all 50 states and the District of Columbia using Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) crowdsourcing platform. Data collections occurred cross-sectionally, approximately one month apart. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis H tests. Results In total, 247 (4.01%) participants responded “Yes” to the question “Have you been formally diagnosed with COVID-19?” (male=128, female=119). Those reporting “yes” had a higher mean score on the ISI (M=14.52, SD=5.56) compared to reporting “no” (M=9.98, SD=6.55). Total ISI scores were higher for those who reported that they were diagnosed with COVID-19 than those that did not, χ2(1)=121.818, p=0.0001. Among those that reported that they were diagnosed with COVID-19, 57.11% had ISI scores indicating moderate to severe clinical insomnia compared to 25.42% of those who were not diagnosed with COVID-19. Conclusion Those who reported that they had been diagnosed with COVID 19 had greater insomnia compared to those without such a diagnosis. This could be due to greater stress and anxiety in those who had a positive COVID-19 diagnosis due to the many uncertainties surrounding the short and long-term prognosis as well as potential impacts on the individual’s family and workplace. However, it is important to consider the broader health picture of those diagnosed with COVID-19. This study is limited by the nature of the self-reported data, where we cannot verify a positive COVID-19 test. Causality cannot be inferred due to the cross-sectional nature of this study. Future work will need to determine the extent to which sleep-related factors are due to biological versus psychological factors associated with the diagnosis of COVID-19. Support (if any):
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YDROGO-BARTRA, Héctor F., Pedro RUÍZ-CUBILLAS, Beto PASHANASI-AMASIFUEN, and Patrick LAVELLE. "INOCULACION DE LOMBRICES DE TIERRA Pontoscolex corethrurus Y PRESENCIA DE MICORRIZAS Vesículo arbusculares EN PLANTULAS DE ARAZA (Eugenia stipitata), ACHIOTE (Bixa orellana), Y PIJUAYO (Bactris gasipaes) Y SUS EFECTOS EN EL CRECIMIENTO." Folia Amazónica 7, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2006): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24841/fa.v7i1-2.360.
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El presente trabajo fue realizado en un suelo Ultisol de la localidad de Yurimaguas al cual se inocularon lombrices endógenas de Pontoscolex coretrurus, en tres diferentes tratamientos (0,350 y 700 mg/1.9 de suelo seco) en bolsas plásticas que contenían cultivo de achiote (Bixa orellana), arazá (Eugenia stipitata) y pijuayo (Bactris gasipaes) Se utilizó para cada especie un diseño estadístico de Bloque Completamente Randomizado con tres repeticiones. En achiote a los 120 días se notó un incremento en la biomasa de la planta de 5.9 g y 8 g respectivamente, no hubo incrementos en cuanto al número de individuos, llegando a observar niveles muy bajos de individuos hasta 0. La mineralización del nitrógeno de 58.2 y 50.5 µg N g-1 de suelo, en los tratamientos de 350 y 700 mg. En la infección de microrrizas tuvo un porcentaje de 15, 55 y 75% en los tratamientos 0, 350 y 700 mg. En arazá durante los 240 días se observó un aumento de biomasa en 3.9 g y 4.2 g, proliferación muy alta en el número de individuos de 4.4 y 3.8 veces más que los valores iniciales, mineralización del nitrógeno 18.6 y 40.6 µg N g-1 de suelo, en los tratamientos 350 y 700 mg. En micorrizas 12.33, 62.50, 50% de infección en los tratamientos 0, 350 y 700 mg. En pijuayo en un tiempo de 210 días se tuvo aumentos de biomasa de la planta en 6.6 g, 6.1 g, 1.4 y 0.6 veces más que el valor inicial, la mineralización en un 43.9 y 37.5 µg N g-1 de suelo, en los tratamientos 350 y 700%. Una infección de micorrizas 10, 31 y 44% en los tratamientos 0, 350 y 700 mg.
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Iwamoto, H. S., E. Stucky, and C. M. Roman. "Effect of graded umbilical cord compression in fetal sheep at 0.6-0.7 gestation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 261, no. 4 (October 1, 1991): H1268—H1274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1991.261.4.h1268.
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To define responses of immature fetuses to asphyxia, we occluded the umbilical cord of 11 chronically instrumented fetal sheep at 82-94 days gestation and measured hemodynamic and catecholamine responses. The fetuses became acidemic, hypoxemic, and hypercarbic: arterial pH and PO2 decreased from 7.36 +/- 0.04 and 22 +/- 3 Torr to 7.10 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- SD, P less than 0.01) and 15 +/- 4 Torr (P less than 0.01), respectively, and PCO2 increased from 56 +/- 5 to 86 +/- 8 Torr (P less than 0.01) when umbilical blood flow was reduced by 75-88%. This degree of reduction in umbilical blood flow decreased cardiac output from 606 +/- 101 to 247 +/- 67 ml.min-1.kg-1 (P less than 0.01) and blood flow to hepatic, renal, musculoskeletal, and pulmonary vascular beds. Plasma norepinephrine concentrations increased from 1,557 +/- 975 to 16,718 +/- 14,672 pg/ml (P less than 0.05) with a 75-88% reduction, but mean arterial blood pressure did not increase. The absence of a hypertensive response probably relates to the decrease in cardiac output. These data indicate that asphyxia severely compromises cardiac output and organ perfusion in the midgestation fetus.
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Ghose, Bishwajit, Ruoxi Wang, Shangfeng Tang, and Sanni Yaya. "Engagement in physical activity, suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts among older people in five developing countries." PeerJ 7 (June 12, 2019): e7108. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7108.
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Background Suicide causes rising economic costs and public health risks for communities in the worldwide. Physical activity (PA) is considered a potentially feasible approach to reduce risk of suicide with low cost and high accessibility, and therefore attracting increasing attention. However, current literature on the association between PA and suicidal behavior amongst elderly people in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are scarce. Therefore, in this study we aimed to examine the relationship between suicidal thoughts (ST) and suicidal attempts (SA) with PA among elderly people in five LMICs. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected from WHO’s Study of Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) with 2,861 participants aged 50 years or above. Variables included: self-reported occurrence of ST and SA during past 12 months and four types of PA (vigorous physical activity (VPA), moderate physical activity (MPA), walking/bike riding, moderate leisure time physical activity (MLPA)). Results The overall prevalence of taking >75 min of VPA/week, >150 min/week, MLPA and walking/bike riding were, respectively, 85.4% (95% CI [81.3–88.7]), 61.6% (95% CI [52.9–69.6]), 9.6% (95% CI [7.2–12.6]) and 75.1% (95% CI [68.7–80.6]). Respectively, 31.0% (95% CI [24.3–38.7]) and 5.5% (95% CI [3.9–7.5]) of the respondents reported having morbid thoughts and SA during last 12 months. In adjusted multivariable regression analysis, not engaging in PA revealed positive association with higher odds of having morbid thoughts and SA, however, with varying degrees for different types of PA among men and women and across countries. The adjusted odds ratio among elderly who encountered ST increased significantly with PA levels (1.265 in male and 1.509 in female with VPA, 1.292 in male and 1.449 in female with MPA, 1.669 in female with LMPA and 3.039 in women with walk/bike); similarly, with SA (1.526, 1.532, 1.474 and 1.392 in women with VPA, MPA, LMPA and Walk/bike, respectively). The degree of adjusted odds ratio varied between genders and among countries. Conclusion Although the data were cross-sectional, and no linear dose-response relationship was observed between PA and morbid thought and suicide ideation, the findings provide important indications of potential harmful effects of no/inadequate PA on psychological morbidities among older individuals. Promoting adequate PA among older individuals through community-based suicide prevention programs can potentially contribute to reduction in the burden of PA in LMICs.
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Usman, Jacob, S. Idoga, and O. J. Ogbu. "Application of Taxonomic Classification in Soil Fertility Management Using Maize (Zea mays L.) as Test Crop in Alfisols of Makurdi, Benue State." Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research 10 (July 2020): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/jhpr.10.15.
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The Alfisols of Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue State was studied with the aim to characterize and classify the soils and determine the optimum fertilizer rate for maize production on the selected soil type of the study area. The soils were formed on Makurdi sand stone, deep (141 cm) and well drained. They were coarse-textured and moderately acidic in reaction (pH 6.6 – 7.0). They had low organic carbon contents ranging from 3.36 to 3.78 % and high base saturation of 58.6 % to 77.4 %. Based on the physical and chemical characteristics, the soils were classified as Eutric Ochrustalfs/Eutric Luvisols. In terms of growth parameters; plant height and number of leaves were not significantly different while leaf area, leaf area index and the stem diameter were significantly different. The highest (130.60 cm, 12.30 and 79.88 mm) plant height, number of leaves and stem diameter were observed at the rate of NPK 150:75:75 kg/ha of fertilizer. In terms of yield parameters, ear weight and grain yield were not statistically significant whereas, ear length and ear diameter were statistically significant. However, NPK 60:30:30 kg/ha showed the highest (178 g) ear weight while application of NPK 150:75:75 kg/ha gave the highest (2.82 kg) grain yield. Since there was no significant difference between the fertilizer rates, it could be concluded that the minimum application rate (NPK 60:30:30 kg/ha) should be used in cultivating maize in Alfisols of Makurdi instead of the highest or the blanket recommendation which involved higher cost.
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Zhang, Xiansheng, Xiong Yan, and Meiwu Shi. "The flame retardancy and pyrolysis mechanism of polyimide fibers investigated by cone calorimeter and pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry." Journal of Industrial Textiles 48, no. 2 (September 14, 2017): 465–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083717732077.
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In the present research, the flame retardancy and pyrolysis mechanism of polyimide fibers were investigated by cone calorimeter, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, and pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. As it turned out, the polyimide fibers possessed excellent thermal stability and flame retardancy. The onset thermal degradation temperature ( Tonset 10%) of polyimide was 587℃ and 610℃ at nitrogen and air atmospheres, respectively. The polyimide fibers cannot be ignited at the heat flux of 35 and 50 kW/m2, while they can be ignited at the heat flux of 75 kW/m2 with the time to ignition of 33 s and peak heat release rate of 53.4 kW/m2. Moreover, the flame retardancy of woven and knitted fabrics was also discussed, which demonstrated that knitted fabric was easier to become thermally thick than woven fabric. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the residual chars of fibers showed that the shape of fiber can be maintained irrespective of heat flux, but the chemical structure of the fiber was destroyed at the heat flux of 75 kW/m2. The pyrolysis combustible volatiles at 700℃ include benzonitrile, aniline, and phenol, which can interpret the ignition of polyimide fibers. The results obtained in the present research revealed the flame retardancy and pyrolysis mechanism of polyimide fibers, which can guide its application and further modification.
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Auwerda, Johannes, Yuana Yuana, Susanne Osanto, Moniek de Maat, Pieter Sonneveld, Rogier Bertina, and Frank Leebeek. "Microparticle-associated tissue factor activity and venous thrombosis in multiple myeloma." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 105, no. 01 (2011): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th10-03-0187.
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SummaryMultiple myeloma (MM) is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolic (VTE) complications. Aim of this study was to measure microparticle-associated tissue factor (MP-TF) activity in patients with newly diagnosed MM before and after chemotherapy and to investigate whether MP-TF activity is associated with VTE. MP-TF activity was assessed in 122 newly diagnosed MM patients who were eligible for combination chemotherapy. MP-TF activity levels (17.6 fM Xa/min [8.6–33.2] (median [IQR]) were higher in untreated MM patients compared to normal healthy volunteers (4.1 fM Xa/min [2.3–6.6], p <0.001). MP-TF activity prior to the start of treatment was not different between patients who developed a VTE during follow-up (n=15) and those who did not (n=107). In 75 patients in whom plasma was obtained before and after chemotherapy, MP-TF activity decreased significantly (from 17.4 [10.2–32.8] to 12.0 [7.0–18.5] fM Xa/min, P=0.006). MP-TF activity remained, however, elevated in patients who developed VTE (15.1 [10.3–25.2]), in contrast to patients not developing VTE (11.4 [7.0–25.2], P<0.001). In conclusion, MP-TF activity is increased in patients with MM. Whether MP-TF activity has a pathogenetic role in VTE in MM patients remains to be established in future studies.
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Silveira, Eliana Serra da, Vera Lúcia Cardoso, and Rafaela Sanches de Oliveira. "O perfil socioeconômico do idoso que pratica yoga." Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade 7 (June 22, 2012): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc7(1)610.
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Introdução: O Yoga é uma prática de atividade física cada vem ganhando cada vez mais adeptos, principalmente na população idosa. Os estudos que apontam os benefícios desta prática nesta população ainda são escassos. E faz necessário conhecer o perfil dos idosos que realizam esta modalidade para melhor desenvolver sua prática. Objetivo: Traçar um perfil socioeconômico dos idosos praticantes de Yoga. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo, no qual foram entrevistados 20 idosos praticantes de Yoga semanalmente há mais de 6 meses em uma academia da Cidade de São Paulo. O questionário de caracterização foi desenvolvido pelas autoras do estudo e apresentava perguntas referentes a sexo, idade, renda mensal, com quem reside, uso de medicamentos diários, presença de tabagismo e etilismo. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a faixa etária predominante na amostra foi de 70 a 75 anos (50%), com média de idade de 72 anos, 60% eram do sexo feminino e 40% do sexo masculino, Em relação ao estado civil, 50% eram casados, 35% eram divorciados e 15% viúvos. Residem com o cônjuge 50% da amostra e 25% com filhos e os 25% restantes moram só. A renda mensal média foi de 1.440 reais, o que caracteriza um valor superior a 2 salários mínimos. As respostas observadas variaram de 700 a 3.500 reais. Quanto ao uso de medicamentos, 45% afirmam fazer uso diariamente de pelo menos um medicamento e 55% não fazem uso de medicamentos contínuos. Em relação aos hábitos como tabagismo e etilismo, nenhum paciente entrevistado relatou fazer uso de tais substâncias, nem mesmo esporadicamente. Conclusão: Os achados indicam que entre os idosos praticantes de Yoga encontramos uma maior freqüência do sexo feminino, com maior renda mensal, hábitos de vida mais saudáveis e menor uso de medicamentos contínuos levando em consideração a faixa etária elevada. Sugerimos a continuidade deste estudo com um maior número amostral e a comparação de seus resultados com o observado nos idosos da comunidade.
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Czarnowska-Kujawska, Marta, Anna Draszanowska, and Elżbieta Gujska. "Effect of Different Cooking Methods on Folate Content in Chicken Liver." Foods 9, no. 10 (October 9, 2020): 1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9101431.
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Common liver sources in European countries include cow, chicken, duck, lamb and pig. Despite its decreasing popularity, liver is possibly one of the most nutrient-dense foods, being rich in high-quality protein and low in calories. In animals, the liver is the storage organ for folate. In this study, the effect of different cooking methods on folate vitamers content in chicken liver was investigated. Three folate derivatives, 5-CH3-H4PteGlu, H4PteGlu and 5-HCO-H4PteGlu, were identified in the analyzed samples using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The folate content in liver after sous-vide (60 °C/75 min) and steaming (100 °C/30 min) did not differ significantly (p ≤ 0.05) from raw liver folate content (781 µg/100 g). Even liver cooked in a combi oven or grilled (which resulted in significant folate losses) showed much higher folate content, 455–631 µg/100 g and 612–715 µg/100 g, respectively, than the most folate-abundant plant foods. These findings are important as they demonstrate that processed liver has the potential to improve the supply of folate and meet the recommended daily requirements, particularly when folate deficiency is common worldwide.
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Heller, P. R., and R. Walker. "Evaluation of Talstar, Dursban, and Experimental Formulations to Manage Black Cutworm on Creeping Bentgrass at the Valentine Turfgrass Research Center, University Park, Pennsylvania, 1995." Arthropod Management Tests 21, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 322–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/21.1.322a.
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Abstract Treat-ment plots were 10 X 8 ft, arranged in a RCB design, replicated 4 times. Liquid formulations were applied by using a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 6 8002VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on an 8 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and applied in 756 ml of water/80 ft2 or delivering 2.5 gal/1,000 ft?2. At treatment time (24 Jul), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 75°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 78°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 74°F; RH, 83%; amount of thatch, 0.125 inch; soil textural class, loamy sand; soil particle size analysis: 80.0% sand, 11.5% silt, 8.5% clay; soil moisture (oven dry weight), 31%; organic matter, 3.4%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 6.6; time of application, early morning; and overcast skies. The area was irrigated in with 0.1 inch of water immediately after treatment (24 Jul). Efficacy data was recorded 3 DAT and 7 DAT by counting the number of black cutworm larvae flushed to the surface within a 1.0 yd2 wood frame sampling area using a soap irritant drench of 15 ml Lemon Joy™dishwashing detergent in 2 gal of water.
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Jain, Vivek. "Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of niosomal gel of gatifloxacin." Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 10, no. 2 (May 15, 2021): 2681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jmpas.v10i2.1050.
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A novel drug delivery system provides the delivery of drugs at a required rate into the body during the period of treatment as directed by the body. Formulation and evaluation of Noisome containing gatifloxacin using different concentrations of the polymer for controlled release. Pre-formulation study confirms the purity of the drug and compatibility of the drug with excipients using FT-IR. Tween 80 was found significant with the experimental results. An extensive investigation is needed concerning the depth of penetration into the skin, determination of zeta potential, and confirmation of configuration of phospholipids in the lipid bilayer. A significant loss of entrapped drug was found at the end of three month period when liposomal dispersions were stored at high temperature i.e. 25±20C. All gels were found under pH range 7.0 to 7.4, Spreadability under the range 6.6 to 7.6 cm, % drug content 98 to 100%, the viscosity of gels 98 to 115cp, and % permeation found in rage 75 to 91%. Excellent % Permeation Gel formulation GF-4 was found 91%. The drug release at raised temperatures may be associated with the lipid degradation in the bilayers results in membrane packing defects them leaky.
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Hennequin, Christophe, Pierre Mongiat-Artus, Morgan Roupret, Nathalie Pello Leprince Ringuet, Anne-Sophie Grandoulier, and Francois Rozet. "Visual analogue scales (VAS) as exploratory evaluation of eight dimensions in prostate cancer (PCa) patients aged 60 years and older initiating a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) therapy: Secondary analysis of PRISME study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2021): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.6_suppl.221.
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221 Background: Age, PCa and GnRHa treatment may modify patients health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and clinical parameters routinely evaluated: health status, urinary function, sexual function, memory, mood, motricity, autonomy. Our purpose was to investigate the use of VAS in these 8 domains before and after a 6-month GnRHa therapy, in order to simplify questions and minimize administration burden in future routine practice. Methods: Between March 2018 and February 2020, a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study was conducted in France (PRISME, NCT03516110). Urologists, radiation oncologists and medical oncologists recruited patients aged 60 years and older, with histologically confirmed PCa, initiating a GnRHa therapy. 1000 patients were planned to be included 1:2:1 in prespecified age groups ([60-70[, [70-75[, ≥ 75 years). They reported their levels of satisfaction in the 8 domains at baseline and after a 6-month GnRHa treatment. Each item included a title and a 10 cm-linear analogue scale with descriptive phrases anchored at the ends (0: not satisfied at all; 10: totally satisfied). Significant changes were concluded in case of means 95% CIs not including 0. Correlations between VAS and validated questionnaires on the same dimensions changes were evaluated through Pearson correlation. Results: The final analysis included 652 patients (full analysis set population), enrolled by 138 investigators. Mean (±SD) age was 72.5±6.2 years. 71.6% had at least one comorbidity at baseline and 65.0% were receiving at least one concomitant systemic treatment. Main reasons for GnRHa initiation were high risk in 65.3%, metastatic stage in 18.4%, biochemical recurrence in 13.3%. 36% had received at least one prior treatment for PCa (prostatectomy 57%, radiotherapy 34.5%). Respectively, 47.1%, 58.0% and 17.6% presented at least one urinary symptom, one sexual symptom, or one other clinical symptom at baseline. Baseline mean [CI 95%] scores were: 7.5 [7.3-7.6] in general QOL, 6.8 [6.6-7.0] in general health status, 6.2 [6.0-6.4] in urinary function, 3.4 [3.2-3.6] in sexual function, 7.0 [6.8-7.2] in mood, 7.0 [6.9-7.2] in memory, 7.6 [7.4-7.8] in motricity and 8.0 [7.9-8.2] in autonomy VAS. At follow-up, significant and clinically relevant overall change was observed in sexual (-1.2 [-1.4;-0.9]) VAS. No correlations were found between the changes in VAS and in validated questionnaires. Conclusions: The exploratory use of VAS in the 8 dimensions routinely evaluated in elderly PCa patients treated with GnRHa therapy showed interesting results. No correlations could be shown between evolution in VAS and in validated questionnaire scores. Further explorations on this topic remain to be made. Clinical trial information: NCT03516110.
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Barnato, Sara E., Charles L. Bennett, Kathleen Elverman, Dennis P. West, and Mark Courtney. "Evaluating Mortality with Erythropoietic Stimulating Agents (ESAs) in the Nephrology Setting: The Distinction between Evaluating Trials That Measure Survival as a Primary or Secondary Efficacy Endpoint Versus a Safety Endpoint." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.962.962.
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Abstract Background: At ASCO 2007, we reported increased mortality risks when ESAs are administered to anemic cancer patients who are receiving chemotherapy when target hemoglobin levels are beyond the correction of anemia. In February 2007, a meta-analysis of nine randomized clinical trials with 5,143 patients published in the Lancet [vol 369; 381–88] identified a statistically significant risk of all cause mortality (relative risk (RR) of 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01, 1.35) when anemic patients with chronic kidney disease received ESAs targeted to higher hemoglobin concentrations (120–150 g/L). A recent report from the RADAR (Research against Adverse Drug Reactions) group raises concern that survival analyses might differ depending on whether survival was evaluated as a measure of efficacy versus a measure of safety. Herein, we re-analyze the data by evaluating randomized clinical trials according to whether or not survival was prospectively included as a primary or secondary efficacy outcome. Methods: Risks of death in randomized controlled clinical trials included in the Lancet meta-analysis were evaluated. We classified those studies based on their mortality outcomes, either as an efficacy outcome or as a safety outcome. Effect estimates for RR and 95% CI were derived from Stata (version 9.1, College Station, TX), calculated with random-effects models and pooled by use of the Dersimonian and Laird method. Results: In studies where survival was measured as an efficacy endpoint, the relative risk of mortality with ESAs targeted to higher hemoglobin levels was 1.27 (1.08, 1.49), a number greater than the relative risk reported in the Lancet meta-analysis. Conclusions: Randomized controlled trials should be included in meta-analyses that evaluate harms only if the relevant safety measure is prospectively included as a primary or secondary efficacy outcome measure in the study protocol. When survival was included as part of the efficacy analysis, a statistically significant safety signal was present. Randomized trials that included harms as a measure of safety did not present a statistically significant safety signal. Including randomized trials that include harms as a safety measure introduce noise and can mask safety signals. Studies: Events: RR (95% CI) Survival included as a primary or secondary efficacy outcome measure: High vs Low Hb Target: Besarab 1998 (n=1233) 183/618 vs 150/615 1.21 (1.01, 1.46) Gouva 2004 (n=88) 4/43 vs 3/45 1.40 (0.33, 5.87) Drueke 2006 (n=602) 31/300 vs 21/302 1.49 (0.87, 2.53) Singh 2006 (n=1432) 52/715 vs 36/717 1.45 (0.96, 2.19) Subtotal (n=3355) 270/1676 vs 210/1679 1.27 (1.08, 1.49) Survival included only as a safety measure: High vs Low Hb Target: Foley 2000 (n=146) 4/73 vs 3/73 1.33 (0.31, 5.75) Furuland 2003 (n=416) 29/216 vs 27/200 0.99 (0.61, 1.62) Roger 2005 (n=154) 0/75 vs 0/79 not estimable Levin 2005 (n=152) 1/74 vs 3/78 0.35 (0.04, 3.30) Parfrey 2005 (n=696) 12/396 vs 20/300 0.45 (0.23, 0.92) Rossert 2006 (n=390) 1/195 vs 6/195 0.17 (0.02, 1.37) Subtotal (n=1954) 47/1029 vs 59/925 0.67 (0.37, 1.19)
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Tollersrud, O. K., and N. N. Aronson. "Purification and characterization of rat liver glycosylasparaginase." Biochemical Journal 260, no. 1 (May 15, 1989): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2600101.
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1. Rat liver glycosylasparaginase [N4-(beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl)-L-asparaginase, EC 3.5.1.26] was purified to homogeneity by using salt fractionation, CM-cellulose and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, gel filtration on Ultrogel AcA-54, concanavalin A-Sepharose affinity chromatography, heat treatment at 70 degrees C and preparative SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme had a specific activity of 3.8 mumol of N-acetylglucosamine/min per mg with N4-(beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl)-L-asparagine as substrate. 2. The native enzyme had a molecular mass of 49 kDa and was composed of two non-identical subunits joined by strong non-covalent forces and having molecular masses of 24 and 20 kDa as determined by SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. 3. The 20 kDa subunit contained one high-mannose-type oligosaccharide chain, and the 24 kDa subunit had one high-mannose-type and one complex-type oligosaccharide chain. 4. N-Terminal sequence analysis of each subunit revealed a frayed N-terminus of the 24 kDa subunit and an apparent N-glycosylation of Asn-15 in the same subunit. 5. The enzyme exhibited a broad pH maximum above 7. Two major isoelectric forms were found at pH 6.4 and 6.6. 6. Glycosylasparaginase was stable at 75 degrees C and in 5% (w/v) SDS at pH 7.0.
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Özgün Çakmak, Ender, Emrah Erdoğan, Cengiz Köksal, Mesut Şişmanoğlu, and Uğur Fındıkçıoğlu. "Psoas muscle area index as a predictor of major adverse cardiovascular and limb events in patients with infrarenal aortic occlusions." Turkish Journal of Vascular Surgery 30, no. 2 (March 19, 2021): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.9739/tjvs.2021.980.
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Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the total psoas muscle area index (TPAI) was a predictive factor of major adverse cardiovascular and limb events (MACLEs) in patients with infrarenal aortic occlusion (IAO). Patients and methods: Between January 2011 and December 2019, a total of 72 patients with IAO (56 males, 16 females; mean age: 58.8±7.0 years; range, 46 to 75 years) were retrospectively reviewed. The TPAI was measured by dividing total psoas muscle area to squared patient height. The primary outcome measure was MACLEs. To estimate the effect of TPAI and clinical factors on prognosis, hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used. Results: The median follow-up was 32 months (interquartile range 15.9-44). The patients were divided into two groups as MACLE-positive (n=30, 41.6%) and MACLE-negative (n=42, 58.4%). The mean TPAI for MACLE-negative and MACLE-positive patients was 615±171 mm2/m2 and 521±129 mm2/m2, respectively (p=0.036). The presence of increased TPAI values was associated with the decreased MACLE rate (HR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.09-0.42; p=0.008). Conclusion: Our study results indicate that the TPAI measured by computed tomography scans is an independent prognostic factor for MACLEs in patients with chronic IAO.
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Weis, K. G., S. M. Southwick, J. T. Yeager, M. E. Rupert, and W. W. Coates. "Control of Dormancy and Budbreak in Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.) cv `Bing' with Surfactant + Calcium Ammonium Nitrate and Hydrogen Cyanamide." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 514c—514. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.514c.
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Continuing trials (1995–present) advanced budbreak and flowering with a surfactant and calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN17), and in 1997, hydrogen cyanamide (HCN). Chilling in 1996–1997 was marginal in San Joaquin County (SJ, 830 chill hours, 18 Feb.), and low in San Benito County (SB, 612 chill hours, 21 Feb.). When we used the “45 °F” chilling model, the most effective surfactant + nitrate treatment timings for both locations were similar by chill accumulation (≈72 % to 82% of required chilling for `Bing' = 850–880 chill hours), although the two locations differed in total chill accumulation and date of effective treatment. Full bloom (FB) was advanced by 1 week with 4% HCN in SJ, followed by 2% surfactant + 25% calcium ammonium nitrate applied on 21 Jan. (700 chill hours), compared to the untreated control. Bloom duration (full bloom to petal fall) was compressed most by surfactant and CAN17. Bloom in SB was also most advanced by HCN, followed by 2% surfactant + 25% CAN17 applied on 21 Feb. (612 chill hours). Fruit set was improved in SB by surfactant and CAN17 in mid-February; set was too low, however, for real impact. In SJ and SB, HCN advanced fruit maturity most, followed by surfactant and CAN17 applied 21 Jan.; these fruits were softer. We believe that, in order for treatments to be effective in advancing budbreak and full bloom, some minimum amount of chilling must be accumulated prior to application (perhaps 60% to 75% of chilling requirement). We have also determined that where chilling is well below minimum requirement, higher rates of CAN (25%) are necessary to advance bloom. A further advantage of using Armobreak + CAN is improved N level in buds and bark after treatment (1997).
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Tai, Shi, Xuping Li, Hui Yang, Zhaowei Zhu, Liang Tang, Liyao Fu, Xinqun Hu, Zhenfei Fang, Yonghong Guo, and Shenghua Zhou. "Sex Differences in the Outcomes of Elderly Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome." Cardiology Research and Practice 2020 (May 12, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5091490.
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Background. The impact of sex on the outcome of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has been suggested, but little is known about its impact on elderly patients with ACS. Methods. This study analyzed the impact of sex on in-hospital and 1-year outcomes of elderly (≥75 years of age) patients with ACS hospitalized in our department between January 2013 and December 2017. Results. A total of 711 patients were included: 273 (38.4%) women and 438 (61.6%) men. Their age ranged from 75 to 94 years, similar between women and men. Women had more comorbidities (hypertension (79.5% vs. 72.8%, p=0.050), diabetes mellitus (35.2% vs. 26.5%, p=0.014), and hyperuricemia (39.9% vs. 32.4%, p=0.042)) and had a higher prevalence of non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS) (79.5% vs. 71.2%, p=0.014) than men. The prevalence of current smoking (56.5% vs. 5.4%, p<0.001), creatinine levels (124.4 ± 98.6 vs. 89.9 ± 54.1, p<0.001), and revascularization rate (39.7% vs. 30.0%, p=0.022) were higher, and troponin TnT and NT-proBNP tended to be higher in men than in women. The in-hospital mortality rate was similar (3.5% vs. 4.4%, p=0.693), but the 1-year mortality rate was lower in women than in men (14.7% vs. 21.7%, p=0.020). The multivariable analysis showed that female sex was a protective factor for 1-year mortality in all patients (OR = 0.565, 95% CI 0.351–0.908, p=0.018) and in patients with STEMI (OR = 0.416, 95% CI 0.184–0.940, p=0.035) after adjustment. Conclusions. Among the elderly patients with ACS, the 1-year mortality rate was lower in women than in men, which could be associated with comorbidities and ACS type.
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Jarrar, Amjad H., Lily Stojanovska, Vasso Apostolopoulos, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Jack Feehan, Eric O. Ohuma, Ala Z. Ahmad, et al. "Assessment of Sodium Knowledge and Urinary Sodium Excretion among Regions of the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (September 9, 2020): 2747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092747.
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Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes, are increasing worldwide and cause 65% to 78% of deaths in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). A random sample of 477 healthy adults were recruited in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in the period March–June 2015. Demographic, lifestyle, medical, anthropometric and sodium excretion data were collected. A questionnaire was used to measure knowledge, attitude and practice regarding salt. Mean sodium and potassium excretion were 2713.4 ± 713 mg/day and 1803 ± 618 mg/day, respectively, significantly higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for sodium (2300 mg/day) and lower for potassium (3150 mg/day). Two-thirds (67.4%) exceeded sodium guidelines, with males 2.6 times more likely to consume excessively. The majority of the participants add salt during cooking (82.5%) and whilst eating (66%), and 75% identified processed food as high source of salt. Most (69.1%) were aware that excessive salt could cause disease. Most of the UAE population consumes excess sodium and insufficient potassium, likely increasing the risk of NCDs. Despite most participants being aware that high salt intake is associated with adverse health outcomes, this did not translate into salt reduction action. Low-sodium, high-potassium dietary interventions such as the Mediterranean diet are vital in reducing the impact of NCDs in the UAE.
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Król-Zielińska, Magdalena, Monika Ciekot-Sołtysiak, Robert Szeklicki, Jacek Zieliński, Wiesław Osiński, and Adam Kantanista. "Validity and Reliability of the Polish Adaptation of the CHAMPS Physical Activity Questionnaire." BioMed Research International 2019 (March 28, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6187616.
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The aim of the study was to investigate the reliability and construct validity of the Polish adaptation of the Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) physical activity questionnaire among the elderly. The sample included 104 volunteers, 75 women (age = 71.0 ± 5.0 years) and 29 men (age = 75.1 ± 6.6 years). To assess the reliability of the Polish version of the CHAMPS physical activity questionnaire, measurements were conducted by one-week test-retest. The construct validity of the CHAMPS physical activity questionnaire was evaluated using accelerometers. Criterion validation was verified by self-reported measurements (health self-assessment, life satisfaction, and wellbeing) and body composition analysis. Intraclass correlation coefficients of the one-week test-retest ranged from 0.79 to 0.85. Significant Pearson’s correlations were found between caloric expenditure measured by accelerometer and CHAMPS caloric expenditure in all listed physical activities (r = 0.33) and caloric expenditure in at least moderate intensity physical activities (r = 0.37) of the CHAMPS physical activity questionnaire. Moderate and greater intensity physical activities of CHAMPS measure were significantly related to total bone mass, health self-assessment, life satisfaction as a whole, and personal wellbeing (r ranged from 0.26 to 0.34). The findings of the study allow us to conclude that the Polish version of the CHAMPS physical activity questionnaire has acceptable reliability and validity to assess physical activity of older adults.
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LIM, PEK KHIOK ANNIE, HIROYUKI MOTOMURA, and ALBERT CHUAN GAMBANG. "Polydactylus luparensis, a new species of threadfin (Perciformes: Polynemidae) from the Batang Lupar River, Sarawak, Borneo, Malaysia." Zootaxa 2405, no. 1 (March 22, 2010): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2405.1.4.
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A new species of large-sized brackishwater threadfin, Polydactylus luparensis, is described from the Batang Lupar River in Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo on the basis of 5 specimens (610–715 mm standard length). The new species can be distinguished from all other Polydactylus by having 8 dorsal-fin spines, first spine tiny, second spine very strong (its width more than 5 times the width of remaining spines); 13 second dorsal-fin soft rays; 11 anal-fin soft rays; 12 pectoralfin rays, its length 22–24% (mean 23%) of SL, posterior tip not reaching a vertical through posterior tip of depressed pelvic fin; 6 pectoral filaments, fourth or fifth filament longest, its length 77–85% (mean 81%) of SL, posterior tip extending slightly beyond caudal-fin base; pored lateral-lined scales 67–75 (mean 71); lateral line unbranched, extending onto upper end of lower caudal-fin lobe; 6 scale rows above lateral line, 8 below; 14 gill rakers on upper limb, 18 on lower limb, 32 in total; occipital profile concave; posterior margin of maxilla extending considerably beyond a vertical through posterior margin of adipose eyelid; depth of posterior margin of maxilla 4–5% (mean 5%) of SL, greater than orbit diameter; well-developed swimbladder present; basal half of third to sixth pectoral filament white, becoming black distally. Polydactylus luparensis is currently known only from the mouth of the Batang Lupar River.
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Bowmaker, Graham A., Effendy, John D. Kildea, Eban N. de Silva, and Allan H. White. "Lewis-Base Adducts of Group 11 Metal(I) Compounds. LXXI Synthesis, Spectroscopy and Structural Systematics of Some 1 : 2 Binuclear Adducts of Silver(I) Compounds with Triphenylarsine, [(Ph3As)2Ag(µ-X)2Ag(AsPh3)2], X = Cl, Br, I, SCN." Australian Journal of Chemistry 50, no. 6 (1997): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c96037.
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The syntheses and room-temperature single-crystal X-ray structural characterization of binuclear 1 : 2 adducts formed between silver(I) (pseudo-)halides, AgX, and triphenylarsine, AsPh3, for X = Cl, Br, I, SCN (1)–(4), are described. The chloride (1), obtained from 2-methylpyridine, is triclinic, P-1, a 10·410(2), b 12·716(2), c 14·196(6) Å, α 113·38(2), β 109·41(2), γ 75·08(1)°, Z = 1 (dimer); conventional R on F was 0·037 for No 3979 independent ‘observed’ (I > 3σ(I)) reflections. The bromide (2a), obtained from 2,6-dimethylpyridine, and iodide (3), obtained from a mixture of AgI/saturated KI in MeOH solutions, are isomorphous, monoclinic, P 21/c a≈ 24·2, b ≈ 13·9, c ≈ 20·2 Å, β ≈ 109·5°, Z = 4 dimers; R was 0·046 and 0·044 for No 5670 and 6039 respectively. The thiocyanate (4) has a similar cell, a 24·12(1), b 12·558(8), c 23·244(4) Å, β 110·11(3)°, Z = 4 dimers, R being 0·044 for No 7956; one of the thiocyanate ligands (which bridge in Ag-SCN-Ag mode) is disordered. A second polymorph of the bromide (2b) (from a mixture of AgBr/saturated KBr in H2O) is also monoclinic, P 21/c, a 14·121(8), b 25·577(3), c 21·968(2) Å, β 125·54(3)°, Z = 4 dimers (R was 0·047 for No 5715). Ag–As range between 2·568(1) and 2·633(1) Å throughout the series; in the isomorphous bromide and iodide, values increase slightly: 2·578(1)–2·611(1), cf. 2·601(2)-2·633(1) Å respectively. Ag–X are 2·568(2)-2·670(2) (Cl); 2·688(2)–2·715(2) (Br); 2·828(2)–2·856(1) Å (I); Ag-S, N for the ordered SCN group are 2·646(3), 2·255(6) Å. A redetermination of improved precision (R 0·035, No 6030) is reported for the triphenylphosphine/thiocyanate analogue. The far-infrared spectra of [(Ph3As)2Ag(µ-X)2Ag (AsPh3)2] show v(AgX) bands at 185, 145 (X = Cl), 145, 130, 106 (X = Br) and 121 cm-1 (X = I). The splittings and band widths reflect a decrease in the degree of distortion of the Ag(µ-X)2Ag units from a symmetrically bridged structure from X = Cl to I.
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Bowen, Kate J., Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Sheila G. West, Jennifer A. Fleming, Philip W. Connelly, Benoît Lamarche, Patrick Couture, et al. "Diets Enriched with Conventional or High-Oleic Acid Canola Oils Lower Atherogenic Lipids and Lipoproteins Compared to a Diet with a Western Fatty Acid Profile in Adults with Central Adiposity." Journal of Nutrition 149, no. 3 (February 15, 2019): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy307.
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ABSTRACTBackgroundNovel oils high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and low in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are an alternative to partially hydrogenated oils high in trans-unsaturated fatty acids. There is widespread use of high-MUFA oils across the food industry; however, limited knowledge of their cardiovascular impact exists.ObjectivesWe investigated the effects of diets containing canola oil, high-oleic acid canola oil (HOCO), and a control oil blend (diet formulated to emulate a Western fat profile) on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins (apos), as secondary outcomes of the trial.MethodsIn a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, 3-period crossover, controlled feeding trial, men (n = 44) and women (n = 75) with a mean age of 44 y, mean body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) of 31.7, and an increased waist circumference plus ≥1 metabolic syndrome criteria consumed prepared, weight-maintenance diets containing canola oil [17.5% MUFAs, 9.2% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), 6.6% SFAs], HOCO (19.1% MUFAs, 7.0% PUFAs, 6.4% SFAs), or control oil (10.5% MUFAs, 10.0% PUFAs, 12.3% SFAs) for 6 wk with ≥4-wk washouts. Fasting serum lipids were assessed at baseline and 6 wk. Diet effects were examined using a repeated measures mixed model.ResultsCompared with the control, canola and HOCO diets resulted in lower endpoint total cholesterol (TC; −4.2% and −3.4%; P < 0.0001), LDL cholesterol (−6.6% and −5.6%; P < 0.0001), apoB (−3.7% and −3.4%; P = 0.002), and non-HDL cholesterol (−4.5% and −4.0%; P = 0.001), with no differences between canola diets. The TC:HDL cholesterol and apoB:apoA1 ratios were lower after the HOCO diet than after the control diet (−3.7% and −3.4%, respectively). There were no diet effects on triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, or apoA1 concentrations.ConclusionsHOCO, with increased MUFAs at the expense of decreased PUFAs, elicited beneficial effects on lipids and lipoproteins comparable to conventional canola oil and consistent with reduced cardiovascular disease risk in adults with central adiposity. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02029833.
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Weltman, Arthur, Cathy J. Pritzlaff, Laurie Wideman, Judy Y. Weltman, Jeffery L. Blumer, Robert D. Abbott, Mark L. Hartman, and Johannes D. Veldhuis. "Exercise-dependent growth hormone release is linked to markers of heightened central adrenergic outflow." Journal of Applied Physiology 89, no. 2 (August 1, 2000): 629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.2.629.
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To test the hypothesis that heightened sympathetic outflow precedes and predicts the magnitude of the growth hormone (GH) response to acute exercise (Ex), we studied 10 men [age 26.1 ± 1.7 (SE) yr] six times in randomly assigned order (control and 5 Ex intensities). During exercise, subjects exercised for 30 min (0900–0930) on each occasion at a single intensity: 25 and 75% of the difference between lactate threshold (LT) and rest (0.25LT, 0.75LT), at LT, and at 25 and 75% of the difference between LT and peak (1.25LT, 1.75LT). Mean values for peak plasma epinephrine (Epi), plasma norepinephrine (NE), and serum GH concentrations were determined [Epi: 328 ± 93 (SE), 513 ± 76, 584 ± 109, 660 ± 72, and 2,614 ± 579 pmol/l; NE: 2.3 ± 0.2, 3.9 ± 0.4, 6.9 ± 1.0, 10.7 ± 1.6, and 23.9 ± 3.9 nmol/l; GH: 3.6 ± 1.5, 6.6 ± 2.0, 7.0 ± 2.0, 10.7 ± 2.4, and 13.7 ± 2.2 μg/l for 0.25, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.75LT, respectively]. In all instances, the time of peak plasma Epi and NE preceded peak GH release. Plasma concentrations of Epi and NE always peaked at 20 min after the onset of Ex, whereas times to peak for GH were 54 ± 6 (SE), 44 ± 5, 38 ± 4, 38 ± 4, and 37 ± 2 min after the onset of Ex for 0.25–1.75LT, respectively. ANOVA revealed that intensity of exercise did not affect the foregoing time delay between peak NE or Epi and peak GH (range 17–24 min), with the exception of 0.25LT ( P < 0.05). Within-subject linear regression analysis disclosed that, with increasing exercise intensity, change in (Δ) GH was proportionate to both ΔNE ( P = 0.002) and ΔEpi ( P = 0.014). Furthermore, within-subject multiple-regression analysis indicated that the significant GH increment associated with an antecedent rise in NE ( P = 0.02) could not be explained by changes in Epi alone ( P = 0.77). Our results suggest that exercise intensity and GH release in the human may be coupled mechanistically by central adrenergic activation.
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Macchioni, Pierluigi, Carlo Salvarani, Niccolò Possemato, Marwin Gutierrez, Walter Grassi, Stefania Gasparini, Carlo Perricone, et al. "Ultrasonographic and Clinical Assessment of Peripheral Enthesitis in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis, Psoriasis, and Fibromyalgia Syndrome: The ULISSE Study." Journal of Rheumatology 46, no. 8 (March 15, 2019): 904–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.171411.
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Objective.The purpose of the ULISSE study was to evaluate the prevalence of clinical and ultrasonographic (US) entheseal involvement in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), psoriasis, and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS).Methods.In this cross-sectional multicenter study, patients with PsA and psoriasis (not taking systemic therapy) and FMS underwent a clinical evaluation of the entheses, and a B-mode and power Doppler examination of 6 pairs of entheses.Results.The study analyzed 140 patients with PsA, 51 with psoriasis, and 51 with FMS. Clinical and US examinations were performed in 1960 and 1680 entheses in the PsA group, and 714 and 612 entheses both in the psoriasis group and in the FMS group. In both per-patient and per-enthesis evaluation, the frequency of entheseal tenderness was higher in patients with FMS (92% of the patients and 46% of the entheses, compared with 66%/23% in the PsA group and 59%/18% in the psoriasis group). With US examination, signs of entheseal involvement were more frequent in both the per-patient and per-enthesis evaluation in PsA and psoriasis (about 90% of patients in both the PsA and psoriasis groups and 75% of patients in the FMS group had at least 1 site affected, and 54%, 41%, and 27% of the pairs of entheses in, respectively, PsA, psoriasis, and FMS patients showed at least 1 enthesis involved).Conclusion.The ULISSE study indicated that enthesitis is a common feature in patients with PsA, those with psoriasis, and in those with FMS if only clinical examination is used. US entheseal assessment showed findings more consistent with the 3 disorders.
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Niskanen, Leo, Lawrence A. Leiter, Edward Franek, Jianping Weng, Taner Damci, Manuel Muñoz-Torres, Jean-Paul Donnet, Lars Endahl, Trine Vang Skjøth, and Allan Vaag. "Comparison of a soluble co-formulation of insulin degludec/insulin aspart vs biphasic insulin aspart 30 in type 2 diabetes: a randomised trial." European Journal of Endocrinology 167, no. 2 (August 2012): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-12-0293.
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ObjectiveInsulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) is a soluble co-formulation of insulin degludec (70%) and insulin aspart (IAsp: 30%). Here, we compare the efficacy and safety of IDegAsp, an alternative IDegAsp formulation (AF: containing 45% IAsp), and biphasic IAsp 30 (BIAsp 30).DesignSixteen-week, open-label, randomised, treat-to-target trial.MethodsInsulin-naive subjects with type 2 diabetes (18–75 years) and a HbA1c of 7–11% were randomised to twice-daily IDegAsp (n=61), AF (n=59) or BIAsp 30 (n=62), all in combination with metformin. Insulin was administered pre-breakfast and dinner (main evening meal) and titrated to pre-breakfast and pre-dinner plasma glucose (PG) targets of 4.0–6.0 mmol/l.ResultsMean HbA1c after 16 weeks was comparable for IDegAsp, AF and BIAsp 30 (6.7, 6.6 and 6.7% respectively). With IDegAsp, 67% of subjects achieved HbA1c <7.0% without confirmed hypoglycaemia in the last 4 weeks of treatment compared with 53% (AF) and 40% (BIAsp 30). Mean fasting PG was significantly lower for IDegAsp vs BIAsp 30 (treatment difference (TD): −0.99 mmol/l (95% confidence interval: −1.68; 0.29)) and AF vs BIAsp 30 (TD: −0.88 mmol/l (−1.58; −0.18)). A significant, 58% lower rate of confirmed hypoglycaemia was found for IDegAsp vs BIAsp 30 (rate ratio (RR): 0.42 (0.23; 0.75)); rates were similar for AF vs BIAsp 30 (RR: 0.92 (0.54; 1.57)). IDegAsp and AF had numerically lower rates of nocturnal confirmed hypoglycaemia vs BIAsp 30 (RR: 0.33 (0.09; 1.14) and 0.66 (0.22; 1.93) respectively).ConclusionsIDegAsp provided comparable overall glycaemic control to BIAsp 30 with a significantly lower rate of hypoglycaemia.
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Orsted, David D., Borge G. Nordestgaard, and Stig E. Bojesen. "Prostate-specific antigen and long-term prediction of prostate cancer incidence and mortality in the general population." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 5_suppl (February 10, 2012): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.5_suppl.5.
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5 Background: It is largely unknown whether prostate-specific antigen at first date of testing predicts long-term risk of prostate cancer incidence and mortality in the general population. We tested the hypothesis that baseline prostate-specific antigen levels predict long-term risk of prostate cancer incidence and mortality. Methods: Using a prospective study, we examined 4383 20-94 year old men from the Danish general population followed in the Copenhagen City Heart Study from 1981 through 2009. Prostate-specific antigen was measured in plasma samples obtained in 1981-83. Results: During 28 years of follow-up, 170 men developed prostate cancer and 94 died from prostate cancer. Median follow-up was 18 years (range 0.5-28 years). For prostate cancer incidence, the subhazard ratio was 3.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9-4.6) for a prostate-specific antigen level of 1.01-2.00 ng/ml, 6.8 (4.2-11) for 2.01-3.00 ng/ml, 6.6 (3.4-13) for 3.01-4.00 ng/ml, 16 (10.4-25) for 4.01-10.00 ng/ml, and 57 (32-104) for >10.00 ng/ml versus 0.01-1.00 ng/ml.. For prostate cancer mortality, corresponding subhazard ratios were 2.2 (1.3-3.9), 5.1 (2.8-9.0), 4.2 (1.8-10), 7.0 (3.8-14), and 14 (6.0-32). For men with prostate-specific antigen levels of 0.01-1.00 ng/ml, absolute 10-year risk of prostate cancer was 0.6% for age <45 years, 0.7% for 45-49 years, 1.1% for 50-54 years, 1.2% for 55-59 years, 1.3% for 60-64 years, 1.1% for 65-69 years, 1.3% for 70-74 years, and 1.5% for age≥75 years; corresponding values for prostate-specific antigen levels >10.00 ng/ml were 35%, 41%, 63%, 71%, 77%, 69%, 75%, and 88%, respectively. Conclusions: Stepwise increases in prostate-specific antigen at first date of testing predicted a 3-57 fold increased risk of prostate cancer, a 2-16 fold increased risk of prostate cancer mortality, and a 35-88% absolute 10-year risk of prostate cancer in those with prostate-specific antigen levels >10.00 ng/ml. Equally important, absolute 10-year risk of prostate cancer in those with levels 0.01-1.00 ng/ml was only 0.6-1.5%.
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AlQuaiz, AlJohara M., Abdullah A. Alrasheed, Ambreen Kazi, Mohammad Ali Batais, Khaled M. Alhabeeb, Amr Jamal, and Mona A. Fouda. "Is 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Associated with Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia? A Population Based Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 10, 2021): 2805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062805.
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Background: Saudi Arabia has a high burden of diabetes mellitus and vitamin D deficiency. The objective of this study was to explore the association between glycosylated hemoglobin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: An interview based cross-sectional study was conducted on 606 patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 30–75 years, visiting primary health care centers. Blood samples were collected for measuring HbA1c, 25(OH)D and bone and lipid markers. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the association between HbA1c and 25(OH)D. Results: The mean (±SD) levels for HbA1c and 25(OH) D were 7.69 (±1.77) and 44.28 (±23.06), respectively. Around 55% of patients had uncontrolled HbA1c (>7.0), whereas vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) was found in 52.3% (=317). Multiple linear regression analysis found that a unit increase in vitamin D levels and parathyroid hormone levels was associated with −0.17 (−0.02, −0.01, p < 0.001) and −0.20 (−2.66, −1.18, p < 0.001) unit decrease in levels of HbA1c, respectively. Similarly, increasing age was associated with −0.15 (−0.01, −0.04, p = 0.002) unit decrease in HbA1c levels, whereas unit increases in serum alkaline phosphatase, calcium and diabetes duration were associated with 0.22 (0.01, 0.02, p < 0.001), 0.14 (1.03, 3.88, p = 0.001) and 0.26 (0.42, 0.78, p < 0.001) unit increase in HbA1c levels, respectively. Conclusion: HbA1c levels are associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. For better control of HbA1c levels, it is important to maintain 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and bone markers within normal range.
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Demarinis, F., S. Paul, N. Hanna, T. Chang Yao Tsao, S. Adachi, and H. L. Lim. "Survival update for the phase III study of pemetrexed vs docetaxel in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 7133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.7133.
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7133 Background: Results from a large, randomized, phase III study of pemetrexed vs docetaxel as second-line treatment for advanced NSCLC indicated that pemetrexed, a novel multitargeted antifolate, has a median survival time (8.3 months) similar to that of docetaxel (7.9 months) with a more favorable safety profile [JCO 2004;22:1589–97]. This updated analysis reflects data available 23 months after the original analysis, which was performed Jan 2003 (after 519 deaths). Methods: Pts (n = 571) were randomized from March 2001 to Feb 2002 to receive either pemetrexed (500 mg/m2 IV infusion), supplemented with vitamin B12 injections and folic acid, or docetaxel (75 mg/m2 IV infusion) on day 1 of a 21-day cycle. An unadjusted survival analysis was performed and a Cox multiple regression analysis (n = 532) was done to adjust for factors (other than treatment intervention) that affected survival including ECOG performance status (PS), disease stage, and time since last chemotherapy. Percent retention was performed using the Rothmann method. Results: The updated survival analysis (performed after 519 deaths) indicated similar median survival times for pemetrexed (8.3 months; 95% CI: 7.0–9.4) and docetaxel (8.0 months; 95% CI: 6.6–9.3), and comparable hazard ratios (HR) (original 0.99 [95% CI: .82–1.20] vs updated 0.97 [95% CI: .81–1.15]). Percent of docetaxel benefit over best supportive care retained by pemetrexed was similar in both analyses: original 102% (95% CI: 52%-157%) vs updated 106% (95% CI: 68%-163%). Cox multiple regression analysis again showed that the two drugs were similar in survival after adjusting for factors significantly associated with increased survival. Conclusions: These updated survival analyses consistently demonstrate that second-line pemetrexed has similar survival to docetaxel in pts with NSCLC. Given the continued finding of comparable therapeutic efficacy, pemetrexed may be considered a standard second line therapy. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Forbes, Gordon, Sian Newton, Clara Cantalapiedra Calvete, Judy Birch, Julie Dodds, Liz Steed, Carol Rivas, et al. "MEMPHIS: a smartphone app using psychological approaches for women with chronic pelvic pain presenting to gynaecology clinics: a randomised feasibility trial." BMJ Open 10, no. 3 (March 2020): e030164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030164.
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ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility of a randomised trial of a modified, pre-existing, mindfulness meditation smartphone app for women with chronic pelvic pain.DesignThree arm randomised feasibility trial.SettingWomen were recruited at two gynaecology clinics in the UK. Interventions were delivered via smartphone or computer at a location of participants choosing.ParticipantsWomen were eligible for the study if they were over 18, had been experiencing organic or non-organic chronic pelvic pain for 6 months or more, and had access to a computer or smartphone. 90 women were randomised.InterventionsDaily mindfulness meditation delivered by smartphone app, an active control app which delivered muscle relaxation techniques, and usual care without app. Interventions were delivered over 60 days.Primary and secondary outcome measuresOutcomes included length of recruitment, follow-up rates, adherence to the app interventions, and clinical outcomes measured at baseline, two, three and 6 months.ResultsThe target sample size was recruited in 145 days. Adherence to the app interventions was extremely low (mean app use 1.8 days mindfulness meditation group, 7.0 days active control). Fifty-seven (63%) women completed 6-month follow-up, and 75 (83%) women completed at least one postrandomisation follow-up. The 95% CIs for clinical outcomes were consistent with no benefit from the mindfulness meditation app; for example, mean differences in pain acceptance scores at 60 days (higher scores are better) were −2.3 (mindfulness meditation vs usual care, 95% CI: −6.6 to 2.0) and −4.0 (mindfulness meditation vs active control, 95% CI: −8.1 to 0.1).ConclusionsDespite high recruitment and adequate follow-up rates, demonstrating feasibility, the extremely low adherence suggests a definitive randomised trial of the mindfulness meditation app used in this study is not warranted. Future research should focus on improving patient engagement.Trial registration numbersNCT02721108;ISRCTN10925965; Results.
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FERNANDEZ, JULIO C. C., PABLO R. D. RODRIGUEZ, GEORGE G. SANTOS, ULISSES PINHEIRO, and GUILHERME MURICY. "Taxonomy of deep-water tetillid sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae, Spirophorina) from Brazil, with description of three new species and new characters." Zootaxa 4429, no. 1 (June 5, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4429.1.2.
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Since the 19th century the deep-sea sponges from Brazil have been studied and many of them are still being discovered. This study describes five species of tetillid sponges from deep waters of the Brazilian economic exclusive zone; three are new, one is a new occurrence, and another is a known species which is here analyzed. The new species found are: Cinachyrella clavaeformis sp. nov. from the Columbia Seamount (85 m depth), Cinachyrella strongylophora sp. nov. from the Almirante Saldanha Seamount (270 m depth) and Craniella curviclada sp. nov. from slope of the Espírito Santo Basin (500 m depth). The two new species of Cinachyrella possess microacanthoxeas like those found in Cinachyrella kuekenthali (Uliczka 1929); this last species occurs in Caribbean region (4–100 m depth) and in N, NE and SE Brazil (0.2–100 m depth). The type material of Craniella corticata (Boury-Esnault 1973); from NE Brazil (75 m depth), has been found to be a synonym of Cinachyrella kuekenthali. Craniella crustocorticata van Soest 2017; from the Guyana shelf and slope (618–500 m depth), is here reported from the slope of NE and SW Brazil (400–700 m depth). A disorganized choanosomal skeleton (in Cinachyrella clavaeformis sp. nov.), strongyles (in Cinachyrella strongylophora sp. nov.) and a single-layered cortex of tangential oxeas (in Craniella crustocorticata) are new diagnostic characters that have led us to propose slight amendments in the definitions of Cinachyrella Wilson 1925 and Craniella Schmidt 1870. We discuss these and other morphological characters as well as their usefulness in Tetillidae. The diversity, distribution and bathymetry of tetillid sponges from Brazil are discussed and our knowledge of the composition of deep-sea sponges (deeper than 100 m) off Brazil is updated.
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Krzakowski, Maciej, Rodryg Ramlau, Jacek Jassem, Aleksandra Szczesna, Petr Zatloukal, Joachim Von Pawel, Xushan Sun, et al. "Phase III Trial Comparing Vinflunine With Docetaxel in Second-Line Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Previously Treated With Platinum-Containing Chemotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 13 (May 1, 2010): 2167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.23.4146.
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Purpose To compare vinflunine (VFL) to docetaxel in patients with stage IIIB/IV non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have experienced treatment failure with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients and Methods Randomized, multicenter, phase III study, 551 patients received either vinflunine 320 mg/m2 or docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 21 days until disease progression or serious toxicity. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). The noninferiority analysis was based on a 10% difference (types I/II error rates: 5%/20%). Secondary end points included response rate (ORR), response duration, overall survival (OS), clinical benefit, quality of life (QOL), and safety. Results Median PFS was 2.3 months for each arm (HR, 1.004; 95% CI, 0.841 to 1.199). ORR, stable disease, median OS, were 4.4% versus 5.5%, 36.0% versus 39.6%, 6.7 versus 7.2 months (HR, 0.973; 95% CI, 0.805 to 1.176), respectively. No significant difference in patient benefit and QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung). No unexpected adverse events were observed. Grade higher than 0 (vinflunine v docetaxel) anemia (82.1% v 79.8%), neutropenia (49.3 v 39.02%), thrombocytopenia (30.6% v 14.3%), febrile neutropenia (3.3% v 4.7%), constipation (39.2% v 11.7%), fatigue (36.6% v 33.9%), injection site reaction (31.9% v 0.7%), nausea (26.7% v 23.7%), vomiting (23.8% v 14.2%), alopecia (19.8% v 35.4%), stomatis (19.4% v 12.4%), abdominal pain (20.1% v 3.6%), myalgia (14.7% v 6.6%), peripheral neuropathy (10.7% v 15.0%), arthralgia (7.0% v 7.7%), diarrhea (6.2% v 12.4%), edema (1.5% v 5.4%), and nail disorders (1.1% v 5;1%) were observed. Conclusion This noninferiority phase III study showed similar efficacy end points for vinflunine and docetaxel. Despite higher rates of some adverse effects (anemia, abdominal pain, constipation, fatigue) the overall toxicity profile of vinflunine was manageable. Therefore, VFL may be another option in the second-line treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Sasaki, Koji, Ildefonso Ismael Rodriguez-Rivera, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Susan O'Brien, Elias Jabbour, Gautam Borthakur, Farhad Ravandi, Michael J. Burke, Patrick A. Zweidler-McKay, and Jorge E. Cortes. "Correlation of Lymphocyte Count with Treatment Response to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 4538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.4538.4538.
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Abstract Background: Total lymphocyte count (TLC) has been shown to correlate with outcomes in patients (pts) with acute leukemia. The clinical correlation to TLC in pts with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) who were treated with a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) is unclear. Methods: Lymphocyte data in pts with newly diagnosed CML-CP who were enrolled in consecutive or parallel clinical trials with front-line imatinib (IM), nilotinib (Nilo), or dasatinib (Dasa) were collected at the time of diagnosis, and 3 and 6 months (M) after the start of TKI. Relative lymphocytrosis (RLC) was defined as lymphocyte >150% at 3 or 6M compared with baseline at diagnosis. Absolute lymphocytosis (ALC) was defined as lymphocyte > 4,000 /µL at 3 or 6M after the start of TKI. Pts were assessed for response, overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), transformation-free survival (TFS), and failure-free survival (FFS) based on ALC and RLC. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate OS, EFS, TFS, and FFS. A log-rank test and Cox regression were used for univariate (UVA) and multivariate analysis (MVA), respectively. Results: A total of 483 pts were enrolled in this study: 271 in IM, 105 in Nilo, and 107 in Dasa. Patient characteristics and outcomes are summarized in Table 1. Median age at diagnosis was 48 years, and median follow-up was 85M and ongoing (5-154+). Time from diagnosis to start of TKI, Sokal risk score, and ALC at baseline between groups did not differ clinically. Of 481 pts, 93 (19%) developed RLC at 3 or 6M; IM, 38 (14%); Nilo, 23 (22%); Dasa, 32 (30%) (p= .001). ALC at 3 or 6M was observed in 15 (3%); IM, 3 (1%); Nilo, 1 (1%); Dasa, 11 (10%) (p<.001). Overall, cumulative incidence of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) at 6M, major molecular response (MMR) at 12M, molecular response with 4.5 log reduction by IS (MR4.5) at 24M did not differ significantly between RLC and non-RLC (3 or 6M), or between ALC and non-ALC (3 or 6M). 5-y TFS, EFS and OS in ALC group were significantly worse than those in non-ALC group (p= .002, p=.016, p=.008, respectively). By UVA and MVA related to OS, age [p <.001; Hazard ratio (HR), 1.062; 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 1.036-1.089], presence of ALC at 3 or 6M [p = .028; HR, 10.948; 95%CI, 1.297-92.415], absence of MMR at 24M [p=.016; HR, 2.263; 95%CI, 1.165-4.393] were identified as adverse prognostic factors for OS. Conclusion: The presence of ALC ≥4,000/µL at 3 or 6M of TKI therapies is rare but is adversely associated with overall survival. Table 1. Patient Characteristics and Outcomes (N=483)a Overall [n= 481] IM [n= 271] Nilo [n= 105] Dasa [n= 107] Age, (year) 48 (15-85) 48 (15-85) 49 (17-82) 48 (16-83) Sokal Risk, No. (%) Low 334 (69) 175 (65) 79 (75) 80 (75) Intermediate 114 (24) 74 (27) 18 (17) 22 (21) High 32 (7) 20 (7) 8 (8) 4 (4) Time from diagnosis to start of TKI, (M) 0.9 (0-12.6) 1.0 (0-12.6) 0.5 (0-5.6) 0.7 (0.1-7.8) ALC at baseline, (/109L) 2.5 (0-86.6) 2.4 (0-16.7) 2.6 (0.4-9.2) 2.7 (0.3-86.6) Incidence of Relative Lymphocytosis, No. (%) At 3M 65 (14) 25 (9) 16 (15) 24 (22) At 6M 76 (16) 32 (12) 20 (19) 24 (22) Overall 93 (19) 38 (14) 23 (22) 32 (30) Incidence of Absolute Lymphocytosis, No. (%) At 3M 8 (2) 1 (0) 0 7 (7) At 6M 11 (2) 3 (1) 1 (1) 7 (7) Overall 15 (3) 3 (1) 1 (1) 11 (10) Outcomes of RLC and ALC at any time in each group, +/- (%/%) (p) <10% BCR-ABL/ABL at 3M RLC 36/40 (.596) 22/44 (.213) 50/37 (.280) 31/38 (.537) ALC 38/39 (.952) 0/42 (.394) 100/39 (.214) 36/35 (.952) Cumulative CCyR at 6M RLC 75/75 (.288) 50/66 (.063) 96/90 (.413) 90/87 (.628) ALC 67/75 (.711) 33/64 (.276) 0/92 (.001) 82/89 (.599) Cumulative MMR at 12M RLC 67/74 (.406) 53/70 (.030) 83/82 (.921) 72/74 (.903) ALC 60/73 (.488) 33/68 (.197) 0/83 (.033) 73/74 (.745) Cumulative MR4.5 at 24M RLC 46/52 (.564) 37/50 (.139) 57/55 (.889) 50/57 (.729) ALC 33/52 (.332) 33/48 (.610) 0/56 (.264) 36/57 (.252) 5-y FFS RLC 61/71 (.133) 56/69 (.167) 62/70 (.710) 61/74 (.285) ALC 50/69 (.076) 0/68 (<.001) 0/70 (<.001) 71/70 (.974) 5-y TFS RLC 90/93 (.369) 88/93 (.597) 91/88 (.115) 91/99 (.213) ALC 72/93 (.002) 67/93 (.014) 0/90 (<.001) 80/97 (.121) 5-y EFS RLC 80/86 (.213) 71/83 (.154) 84/87 (.450) 86/93 (.486) ALC 64/85 (.016) 33/82 (<.001) 0/87 (<.001) 80/92 (.574) 5-y OS RLC 89/93 (.068) 81/94 (.007) 100/84 (.126) 96/99 (.207) ALC 82/93 (.008) 67/93 (.001) 100/88 (.847) 83/99 (.040) a Two in IM and 1 in Dasa were not evaluable due to lack of differential data at 3 and 6M. Figure 1. OS in Pts with ALC Figure 1. OS in Pts with ALC Disclosures O'Brien: Amgen, Celgene, GSK: Consultancy; CLL Global Research Foundation: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Emergent, Genentech, Gilead, Infinity, Pharmacyclics, Spectrum: Consultancy, Research Funding; MorphoSys, Acerta, TG Therapeutics: Research Funding.
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Samofalova, Tatyana V., Victor N. Semenov, Elena Yu Proskurina, Lydia V. Tovarushkina, Anatoly N. Lukin, and Leonid N. Nikitin. "Оптические свойства активированных ионами меди и серебра пленок системы CdS–ZnS, осажденных при различных температурах." Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = Condensed Matter and Interphases 21, no. 4 (December 17, 2019): 552–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2019.21/2351.
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Исследованы спектры поглощения и отражения активированных ионамимеди и серебра пленок CdS–ZnS, полученных методом пиролиза аэрозоля из растворовтиомочевинных координационных соединений бромидов цинка и кадмия при разныхтемпературах. Определены зависимости оптической ширины запрещенной зоны от со-става пленок системы CdS–ZnS. Изучено влияние температуры осаждения и активирующейпримеси на оптическую ширину запрещенной зоны синтезированных сульфидов
ЛИТЕРАТУРА1. Гаврилов С. А., Шерченков А. А., Апальков А. Б., Кравченко Д. А. Оптоэлектронные свойства пленок CdS для солнечных элементов с тонким абсорбирующим слоем // Российские нанотехнологии, 2006, т. 1(1–2), с. 228–232. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=9232621 (дата обращения: 26.11.19)2. Kudiy D. A., Klochko N. P., Khripunov G. S., Kovtun N. A., Krikun K. Y., Belonogov Y. K. Elaborationof cadmium sulphide fi lm layers for economical solar cells // Photoelectronics, 2009, v. 18, pp. 39–42. DOI:https://doi.org/10.18524/1815-7459.2009.2.1156793. Бачериков Ю. Ю., Кицюк Н. В. Люминофоры на основе легированного сульфида цинка с одинаковой спектральной плотностью излучения в диапазоне от 500 до 750 nm // Журнал техническойфизики, 2005, т. 75(5), с. 129–130. Режим доступа: https://journals.ioffe.ru/articles/8562 (дата обраще-ния: 26.11.19)4. Сычев М. М., Огурцов К. А., Лебедев В. Т., Кульвелис Ю. В., Torok G., Соколов А. Е., Трунов В. А.,Бахметьев В. В., Котомин А. А., Душенок С. А., Козлов А. С. Влияние концентрации меди и обработкиZnS на характеристики синтезированных электролюминофоров ZnS:Cu,Cl // ФТП, 2012, т. 46(5), с.714–718. Режим доступа: https://journals.ioffe.ru/articles/7713 (дата обращения: 26.11.19)5. Самофалова Т. В., Семенов В. Н., Нитута А. Н., Звягина О. В., Проскурина Е. Ю. Синтез и свойствапленок системы СdS–ZnS, легированных ионами меди // Конденсированные среды и межфазные границы, 2018, т. 20(3), с. 440–447. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2018.20/5826. Самофалова Т. В., Наумов А. В., Семенов В. Н., Салтыков С. Н. Влияние температуры осажденияна оптические свойства и фазовый состав пленок Cd1–xZnxS // Конденсированные среды и межфазныеграницы, 2010, т. 12(3), с. 247–257. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=15574169 (дата обращения: 26.11.19)7. Powder Diffraction File. Swarthmore: Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards, 1996.8. Физика и химия соединений AIIBVI / Пер. с англ. под ред. С. А. Медведева. М.: Мир, 1970, 624 с.9. Кирьяшкина З. И., Роках А. Г., Кац Н. Б. Фотопроводящие пленки (типа CdS). Саратов, Изд-воСарат. ун-та, 1979, 192 с.10. Угай Я. А. Введение в химию полупроводников. М.: Высшая школа, 1975, 302 с.11. Абрикосов Н. Х., Банкина В. Ф., Порецкая Л. В., Скуднова Е. В., Чижевская С. Н. Полупроводниковые халькогениды и сплавы на их основе. М.: Наука, 1975, 218 c.12. Kumar V., Sharma T. P. Structural and optical properties of sintered CdSxSe1–xS fi lms // J. Phys. Chem.Sol., 1998, v. 59(8), p. 1321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3697(98)00035-313. Метелева Ю. В., Новиков Г. Ф. Получение и СВЧ фотопроводимость полупроводниковых пле-нок CdSe // ФТП, 2006, т. 40 (10), с. 1167–1174. Режим доступа: https://journals.ioffe.ru/articles/viewPDF/6162 (дата обращения: 26.11.19)
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TIRTOSASTRO, SAMSURI, ABI DWI HASTONO, and DARMONO. "PEREKAYASAAN INSTALASI PEMANFAATAN UDARA PANAS BUANG PADA PENGOVENAN TEMBAKAU VIRGINIA." Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 9, no. 1 (July 15, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v9n1.2003.17-24.
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<p>Pcrekayasaan instalasi pemanfaatan udara panas buang pada pengolahan daun tembakau Virginia menjadi krosok fc (flue-cured) telah dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian lanaman lembakau dan Serat, Malang, Jawa Timur. Pengujian alal dilakukan di lombok Timur, Nusa Tcnggara Barat, pada musim panen antara bulan Agustus sampai dengan Oktober 2000 di sentra produksi tembakau Virginia Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mendukung efisiensi penggunaan biaya bahan bakar sekaligus mengurangi subsidi bahan bakar minyak dari Pemerintah Konstruksi instalasi pemanfaatan udara panas buang terdii atas pipa penghubung (d~ 15.24 cm) dua oven dan blower 0 75 TK untuk mcngalirkan udara panas buang dari oven pertama ke oven kedua. Kapasitas oven pertama yang digunakan 3 547 kg, sedangkan oven kedua 2 617 kg daun lembakau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa. pemasangan instalasi udara panas buang dapat menekan konsumsi bahan bakar oven kedua 12 39% yaitu dari 1 352 liter minyak tanah tiap kg krosok menjadi 1.141 liter tiap kg krosok. Analisis ekonomi pada harga minyak tanah Rp 700/1 penggunaan alat tersebut belum memberikan keuntungan yang bcrati karena nilai rasio BC ■ 1.29. NPV ■ Rp 99 835 885 dan IRR - 52 73%, dibandingkan tidak memasang instalasi tersebut dengan nilai rasio BC 1.29, NPV Rp 98 547 176, dan IRR 52 78%. Namun bila harga minyak tanah Rp. 1 000/1 maka pemasangan instalasi udara panas buang membeikan nilai rasio BC 1.25, NPV Rp. 88 246 683 dan IRR -52 58%. lebih baik dibanding tidak memasang instalasi tersebut (rasio BC 1 24. NPV Rp. 85 977 099 dan IRR - 52 63%) Peluang keuntungan rclatif makin besar jika harga minyak lanah makin linggi. Keuntungan lain pemasangan instalasi ini adalah menekan subsidi bahan bakar minyak.</p><p>Kata kunci : Nicotiana tabacum 1. , oven, instalasi udara, panas buang, mutu, aspek ekonomi</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Utilization of waste heat-air installation in Virginia tobacco curing</strong></p><p>Installation of me waste hcal-air utilization in Virginia tobacco curing to produce flue-cured tobacco has been conducted in Indonesian Tobacco and fiber Crops Research Institute. Malang, Indonesia. The equipment test was taken place in Virginia tobacco production centre. East lombok. West Nusa Tcnggara Province on harvesting-time between August and October 2000 Ihe result of the research was expected to suppot fuel efficiency, and decrease the government fuel-oil subsidiary. Construction of Ihe waste hcat- air installation consisted of connecting-pipe (d 15.24 cm) between two eunng-bams. and 0 75 HP blower for blowing the waste heat-air to the second cunng-barn The capacity of the irst curing-barn was 3 547 kg tobacco leaves and second curing-bam was 2 617 kg tobacco leaves. The results of the experiment showed that the installation of the waste hea(-air equipment could reduce 12.39% of fuel consumption of second curing-bam, from 1.352 I kerosene per kg to 1 141 I kerosene per kg of the cured leaves The economic analysis of the equipment al kerosene price Rp 700/1 was that equipment did nol give meaning-full benefit, because the value of B'C ratio 1.29, NPV Rp 99 835 885 and IRR 52.73%, compared to those without waste heal air installation, with BC ratio 1 29, NPV Rp. 98 547 176 and IRR 52.78%. Nevertheless al Rp I 000 1 kerosene price the installation of waste heal-air equipment gave the B'C ratio -1 25. NPV ■ Rp. 88 835 885 and IRR 52 58%, was better than those without equipment installation (BC ratio I 24. NPV Rp. 85 977 099 and IRR' 52 63%). Relative beneit chance would be beter if there was higher kerosene price. Ihe other benefit from the installation of Ihe equipment was to reduce government fuel subsidiary.</p><p>Key words Nicotiana tabacum I... curing-bam. waste heat-air, installation, quality, economic aspect</p>
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Smiley, R. W., G. P. Yan, and Z. A. Handoo. "First Record of the Cyst Nematode Heterodera filipjevi on Wheat in Oregon." Plant Disease 92, no. 7 (July 2008): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-7-1136b.
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Plant and soil samples from an irrigated winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) field near Imbler (Union County), OR were evaluated for root diseases during April 2007. The field exhibited patches with as much as 90% plant mortality. Previous crops were winter wheat (2004), chickpea (Cicer arietinum, 2005), and spring wheat (cv. Jefferson, 2006). Stubble was baled and removed, and the field was cultivated before replanting to winter wheat cv. Chukar in October. Patches of stunted seedlings (three- to five-leaf stage) appeared in March 2007. Stunted seedlings exhibited chlorotic or necrotic lower leaves, healthy younger leaves, few or no tillers, rotting of lower culms and crowns, and light brown roots with little or no branching. Signs and symptoms of fungal pathogens (Pythium spp., Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, Rhizoctonia solani AG-8, and Typhula incarnata) were present on affected plants. Most small grain fields in Union County are infested with Heterodera avenae (4) but none of the roots, on either healthy or stunted plants, exhibited the bushy branching pattern typical of sites where H. avenae females penetrate and encyst. Extraction of motile nematodes (Whitehead tray method) from soil revealed high populations of Pratylenchus neglectus (6,560/kg of soil), Tylenchorhynchus spp. (2,369/kg of soil), and a species initially thought to be H. avenae (3,098 juveniles/kg of soil). Cysts were also extracted. During PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism identification (1) of H. avenae collected in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, four restriction enzymes applied to amplified DNA of cysts from the Imbler field consistently revealed a pattern identical to that of a H. filipjevi DNA standard and distinct from patterns of H. avenae, H. schachtii, and H. latipons. DNA standards were obtained from R. Rivoal, INRA, Rennes, France. Morphological evidence confirmed that the specimens were H. filipjevi, a member of the ‘H. avenae Group’ of cereal cyst nematodes (2,3). Measurements of second-stage juveniles (n = 15) included length of body (range = 530 to 570 μm, mean = 549, st. dev. = 13.0), stylet (22.5 to 24.5, 23.2, 0.6) with anchor-shaped basal knobs, tail (52.5 to 62.5, 57.4, 2.7), and hyaline tail terminal (30 to 38, 33.5, 2.6). The lateral field had four lines of which the inner two were more distinct. Shapes of the tail, tail terminus, and stylet knobs were also consistent with H. filipjevi. Cysts (n = 10) were lemon shaped and light brown. The cyst wall had a zigzag pattern. The vulval cone was bifenestrate with horseshoe-shaped semifenestra. The cysts were characterized by body length including neck (range = 718 to 940 μm, mean = 809.7, st. dev. = 61.8), body width (395 to 619, 504, 71.2), L/W ratio = (1.1 to 2.2, 1.4, 0.3), neck length (75 to 140, 103.2, 22.1) and width (50 to 95, 71.4, 10.9), fenestra length (50 to 65 μm, 56.5, 6.6) and width (27 to 40, 29.0, 3.8), heavy underbridge (60 to 80, 69, 8.5), vulval slit (7.5 to 8.5, 7.8, 0.4), and many bullae. As described for H. filipjevi, cysts hatched much more readily and at lower temperatures than populations of H. avenae. Detection of H. filipjevi in Oregon represents a new record for the occurrence of this species in the United States and for North America. The pathotype and resistance genes for incorporation into wheat, barley, and oat are being identified. References: (1) S. Bekal et al. Genome 40:479, 1997. (2) Z. A. Handoo. J. Nematol. 34:250, 2002. (3) R. Holgado et al. J. Nematol. Morphol. Syst. 7:77, 2004. (4) R. W. Smiley et al. J. Nematol. 37:297, 2005.
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Tillett, W., V. Navarro-Compán, N. Booth, T. Holzkaemper, J. Hill, E. Lubrano, and T. Truer. "AB0548 EFFECTIVENESS OF IXEKIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS: RESULTS FROM A REAL-WORLD EUROPEAN SURVEY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2001.
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Background:Limited real world (RW) data are available for IL-17A blocker ixekizumab (Ixe), approved for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in EU Feb 2018.Objectives:Describe RW outcomes for PsA patients (pts) receiving Ixe.Methods:Cross-sectional, observational study of PsA pts treated with Ixe in the 2020 Adelphi PsA Plus Program (FR, DE, ES & UK). Rheumatologists recruited the first 6 consecutive consulting Ixe pts and provided demographics, PsA manifestations, clinical measures (66 swollen joint count (SJC), 68 tender joint count (TJC), psoriasis area and severity index [PASI], body surface area [BSA] affected by psoriasis [PsO]), rheumatologist-recorded pt measures (skin/joint pain & fatigue [0-10 numeric rating scales (NRS)], health assessment questionnaire [HAQ-DI]) & prescribed dose. All outcomes recorded for pts with scores available at Ixe initiation (II) & at last assessment (LA).Results:124 rheumatologists provided data for 698 Ixe pts, mean age 49 years (19-79), 48% female, mean BMI 27 (18-44), 56% dermatologist co-managed and mean time diagnosed 6 years (0-35). At Ixe initiation, 78% of pts with known BSA had concomitant mod-sev-PsO defined as BSA≥10% (mean 19.8, n=428) and mean PASI 26.3 (n=164). The predominant PsA phenotype was polyarthritic in 49% (n=345), mono/oligoarthritic in 30% (n=208), axial in 12% (n=81) and enthesitic in 8% (n=55). Previous treatment before Ixe included ≥1 conventional synthetic DMARD (csDMARD) for 71% of pts. Of bio-experienced pts (57%), 40% had received ≥2 biologics. Mean Ixe treatment duration (n=698) 39.4 weeks (wks, 0-170), of which 575 (82%) had received >12 wks of Ixe. 71% of pts received label recommended dose (80mg every 4wks). 52% pts received csDMARD in combination with Ixe. In the RW, Ixe improved TJC, SJC, joint pain, BSA, fatigue and HAQ-DI, Table 1.Table 1.Outcomes for pts receiving Ixe >12weeks (n=575)OverallBSA ≥10% at Ixe initiationMod-sev-PsO physician judgementPredominant mono/oligo arthritisPredominant polyarthritisWith csDMARDWithout csDMARDBSA, n35627025498184188168mean [SD]Ixe initiation (II)19.8 [14.8]24.7 [13.5]23.1 [13.6]17.4 [15.0]20.9 [15.0]21.8 [15.0]17.4 [14.2]Last Assessment (LA)6.6 [7.5]9.3 [8.7]7.9 [7.9]5.0 [6.0]7.6 [8.4]7.3 [7.9]5.9 [7.1]Mean weeks on Ixe43414150414146TJC*, n125728639725669mean [SD, %<5]II12.2 [10.6, 29]14.4 [11.3, 18]12.9 [11.1, 21]6.4 [8.2, 59]15.4 [10.8, 12]13.0 [9.9, 25]11.5 [11.1, 32]LA4.1 [6.4, 77]5.2 [7.7, 71]3.6 [6.3, 80]1.1 [1.4, 97]6.2 [7.7, 64]3.4 [3.9, 73]4.6 [7.8, 80]SJC*, n1458210244846085mean [SD, %<5]II14.8 [13.5, 33]18.8 [14.4, 22]16.3 [13.8, 26]7.2 [8.5, 68]18.2 [13.6, 12]14.5 [12.0, 37]15.1 [14.8, 31]LA4.8 [8.7, 79]7.0 [10.7, 66]5.1 [9.3, 75]0.9 [1.9, 95]6.6 [9.0, 68]3.1 [7.8, 90]5.9 [9.1, 71]Joint pain (NRS 0-10), n575270349166291294281mean [SD]II6.6 [1.7]6.7 [1.7]6.7 [1.7]6.2 [1.8]7.0 [1.5]6.6 [1.7]6.6 [1.6]LA2.7 [1.9]3.0 [2.1]2.8 [2.0]2.1 [1.6]3.0 [2.1]2.8 [1.9]2.5 [1.9]Fatigue (NRS 0-10), n575270349166291294281mean [SD]II5.4 [2.5]5.8 [2.4]5.7 [2.5]4.7 [2.5]5.7 [2.4]5.7 [2.4]5.1 [2.5]LA2.6 [2.1]2.7 [2.1]2.7 [2.2]2.0 [1.9]2.9 [2.2]2.7 [2.1]2.6 [2.1]HAQ DI, n59414210283128mean [SD, %<0.5]II1.8 [0.7, 5]1.9 [0.6, 0]1.8 [0.7, 2]1.9 [0.7, 10]1.8 [0.8, 7]1.9 [0.6, 3]1.7 [0.8, 7]LA0.8 [0.6, 41]0.8 [0.6, 32]0.8 [0.7, 45]0.7 [0.7, 60]0.7 [0.6, 36]0.7 [0.5, 32]0.7 [0.8, 50]*Additional analysis for pts whose fatigue/joint pain rating improved (from ≥4 at Ixe initiation to ≤3 at LA), their mean TJC was 2.7 & SJC 4.3 at LA for fatigue, TJC 1.7 & SJC 2.7 at LA for joint pain.When BSA was not recorded, physician judgement of PsO severity was used. No imputation of missing data.Conclusion:We report RW outcome data amongst pts treated with Ixe including mono/oligo arthritis and a limited sample of enthesitis and dactylitis pts. Our results are consistent with clinical trial populations across disease domains, including an improvement in joint pain.Disclosure of Interests:William Tillett Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer Inc. and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, MSD, Pfizer Inc. and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Celgene, Eli Lilly & company, Janssen and UCB, Victoria Navarro-Compán Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Janssen, Eli Lilly & Co, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Janssen, Eli Lilly & Co, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, BMS, Janssen, Eli Lilly & Co, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and UCB, Nicola Booth: None declared., Thorsten Holzkaemper Shareholder of: Eli Lilly & Company, Employee of: Eli Lilly & Company, Julie Hill Shareholder of: Eli Lilly & Company, Employee of: Eli Lilly & Company, Ennio Lubrano Speakers bureau: Alfa-Sigma, Abbvie, Galapagos, Janssen Cilag, Lilly., Consultant of: Alfa-Sigma, Abbvie, Galapagos, Janssen Cilag, Lilly., Tamas Truer Shareholder of: Eli Lilly and Company, Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company.
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Bang, Y., Y. Kim, H. C. Chung, W. Kang, S. Park, S. Yang, H. Park, C. Kim, B. Park, and J. C. Otero. "A multicenter phase II study of pemetrexed and cisplatin in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 14008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.14008.
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14008 Background: Pemetrexed is a novel folate antimetabolite, and it inhibits a number of folate-dependent enzymes. This agent has demonstrated activity in a variety of tumor types including AGC. This study was performed to evaluate the combination of pemetrexed and cisplatin in the treatment of AGC. The primary endpoint was response rate, and secondary endpoints were duration of response, time to progressive disease, time to treatment failure, overall survival, and toxicity. Methods: Patients with stage IV AGC not to be amendable to curative surgery and measurable disease were eligible. Pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 were given on day 1, every 21 days. Treatment was supplemented with folic acid, vitamin B12, and dexamethasone. Response was assessed by RECIST, and toxicity was assessed by NCI-CTC v 2.0. Results: From October 2003 to September 2004, 51 patients were enrolled, but 1 did not meet the eligibility criteria. There were 37 men and 13 women with a median age of 56 years (range, 24–69) and an ECOG PS 0/1 for 14/36 patients; all had metastatic disease. Of 50 evaluable patients, there were no complete responses, and 13 had confirmed partial responses (26%; 95% CI, 14.6%-40.3%). Fifteen patients (30%) had stable disease, and 21 (42%) progressed, and 1 (2%) was unknown. Among 13 responders, the median durarion of response was 3.60 months (95% CI, 2.80–9.40). Median time to progressive disease was 2.8 months (95% CI, 2.20–4.40), and median overall survival was 6.6 months (95% CI, 4.80–10.40). The median time to treatment failure was 2.10 months (95% CI, 1.00–2.80). Survival estimates were 32.0% at 3 months and 7.0% at 6 months. A total of 212 cycles were administered to 51 patients (median 4 [range, 1–13]). Based on 51 patients, most common grade 3/4 hematologic toxicities were neutropenia (49.0%), leukopenia (19.7%), and anemia (13.7%); the most common grade 3/4 nonhematologic toxicities were hyponatremia (15.7%), anorexia (9.8%), nausea (7.8%), and vomiting (7.8%). Conclusions: : The combination of pemetrexed and cisplatin in the current dose and schedule has a modest activity and a mild toxicity profile in patients with AGC. Further study is warranted using a different dose and treatment schedule. [Table: see text]
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Spierer, D. K., Eugene McPherson, J. I. M. Kleinfeld, and E. Hazel. "Natural Killer Cell Changes To Moderate Exercise on Arterial Compliance and Autonomic Modulation in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1)." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 3838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3838.3838.
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Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1) is associated with cardiovascular abnormalities and autonomic dysfunction. Exercise training is recommended to enhance functional capacity, as it is known that fitness is icommensurate with a improved autonomic profile and can reduce cardiovascular malfunctions. Although it is well established that physical activity in HIV-1 pts results in increased aerobic capacity, the effect of moderate exercise training on vascular mechanisms and autonomic modulations in HIV-1 disease is still unknown. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the effects of regular physical activity on arterial compliance, autonomic modulation and alterations in NK cell number and function in HIV-1 disease. Subjects were matched for age, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, and fitness. Arterial compliance (AC), heart rate variability (HRV), and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were collected and analyzed via traditional methods using power spectral analysis during seated rest. NK cell number was measured via flow cytometry. Four groups of men (N=12), mean age 38.8 ± 5.3) were studied. Trained subjects completed three weekly sessions of supervised aerobic exercised at 60–75% VO 2max for 10 weeks. Controls performed activities of daily living (ADL) with no formal exercise training. Subjects were categorized as follows: HIV negative untrained (HNU), HIV negative trained (HNT), HIV positive untrained (HPU), and HIV positive trained (HPT). HIV positive subjects were seropositive for HIV disease within 24 months of this investigation. Preliminary data demonstrate a strong trend toward augmented arterial compliance and a higher autonomic profile with increased NK cell number and activity [ HPU mean NK cell level, 160.42/cu mm(10.7%); and HPT was 251.8/cu mm (15.4%)] in response to moderate regular exercise. However, cessation of training exercises resulted in return to near baseline NK cell number, percentage (191.8/cu mm (11.2%). HNU HNT HPU HPT AC (mmHgxsec) 7.0±3.1 9.4±5.4 4.0±1.5 7.8±1.1 HRV (msec²) 6.1± 2.1 7.6±1.1 3.9±1.5 7.4±0.3 BRS (msec/mmHg) 7.9±6.6 13.9±7.5 8.1±2.9 19.2±8.7 CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced fitness and its effect on vascular compliance and autonomic modulation with moderate regular exercise induces alterations in NK cell number and activity may help improve quality of life, morbidity and mortality, survival and response to therapy in pts with HIV-1 disease.
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Bermejo, Begoña, Amparo Ruiz, Manuel Ruiz Borrego, Nuria Ribelles, Alvaro Rodriguez-Lescure, Montserrat Munoz-Mateu, Sonia Gonzalez, et al. "Randomized phase III study of adjuvant chemotherapy for node-positive early breast cancer (BC) patients (pts) comparing epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel (EC-T) versus epirubicin plus docetaxel followed by capecitabine (ET-X): Efficacy analysis of the GEICAM/2003-10 trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.1027.
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1027 Background: X is an active drug in metastatic breast cancer. GEICAM/2003-10 is an adjuvant trial investigating the integration of capecitabine into an epirubicin and docetaxel containing regimen for node-positive early breast cancer pts. Methods: Pts aged 18-70, with T1-T3/N1-3 operable BC were eligible. HER2+ pts were initially allowed. In October 2005, after 803 pts were included in the trial, the study was amended to exclude them. Pts were stratified by site, menopausal status, number of axillary nodes (1-3, 4-9, >9) and hormonal receptor status and randomized to receive EC (90/600 mg/m2 x4) followed by T (100 mg/m2 x4) or ET (90/75 mg/m2 x4) followed by X (1,250 mg/m2 BID, d1–14, x 4) all every three weeks. The primary endpoint was DFS. The trial was designed to detect an absolute 5-y DFS increase of 7% (72% EC-T, 79% ET-X); a sample size of 1,184 evaluable pts (592 per arm) was required to detect this difference (a=0.05, β=80%). Assuming a drop-out rate of 17%, 1,382 pts were required. The first analysis of DFS was planned after 290 events. Results: Between February 2004 and February 2007, 1384 pts (EC-T 669, ET-X 715) were randomized. Patient characteristics were balanced between arms, median age was 51, 84% of pts were HR positive and 11% HER2 positive; 66, 25 and 9% had 1-3, 4-9 and > 9 nodes respectively. The median relative dose intensity was 99% for EC, 99% for T, 99% for ET and 94% for X. The most frequent grade 3-4 toxicities (>5% in either arm) with EC-T vs. ET-X were neutropenia (19% vs. 10%) with 7% febrile neutropenia in both arms, hand-foot syndrome (2% vs. 20%), fatigue (13% vs. 11%), diarrhea (3% vs. 11%), stomatitis (6% vs. 5%) and vomiting (5% vs. 5%). After a median follow-up of 6.6 years and 292 events, the proportion of patients disease free at 5 years is 86% and 82% with EC-T and ET-X (HR for relapse 1.314, 95% CI: 1.042 – 1.657); log-rank p-value=0.0208. Overall survival was not different between treatment arms (HR 1.113, 95% CI: 0.809 – 1.531); log rank p-value=0.511. Conclusions: DFS has been in favour of EC-T in pts with node-positive early BC. Clinical trial information: NCT00129935.
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Reck, Martin, Rolf Kaiser, Anders Mellemgaard, Jean Yves Douillard, Sergey Orlov, Maciej Jerzy Krzakowski, Joachim Von Pawel, et al. "Nintedanib (BIBF 1120) plus docetaxel in NSCLC patients progressing after first-line chemotherapy: LUME Lung 1, a randomized, double-blind phase III trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2013): LBA8011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.18_suppl.lba8011.
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LBA8011 Background: Nintedanib (N) inhibits VEGFRs, PDGFRs, and FGFRs. LUME Lung 1 is a placebo (P) controlled phase III trial of N + docetaxel (D) in patients (pts) with locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC progressing after first-line therapy. Methods: Stage IIIB/IV or recurrent NSCLC pts (stratified by histology, ECOG PS, prior bevacizumab, and brain metastases) were randomized to N 200 mg bid + D 75 mg/m2 q21d (n=655) or P + D (n=659). 1° endpoint was centrally reviewed PFS after 713 events (2 sided stratified log-rank, α=5%, β=10%). Key 2° endpoint of OS was analyzed hierarchically after 1,121 events (2 sided, adjusted α=4.98%, β=20%), first in adenocarcinoma (adeno) pts <9 mo since start of first-line therapy (T<9mo; identified as a prognostic/predictive biomarker [ASCO ‘13]), followed by all adeno pts and then all pts. Predefined sensitivity analyses added sum of longest diameters of target lesions (SLD) to stratification factors in the Cox model. Results: Pt characteristics were balanced between the arms. N + D significantly prolonged PFS vs P + D (HR 0.79; CI: 0.68, 0.92; p=0.0019; median 3.4 vs 2.7 mo) regardless of histology (squamous HR 0.77, p=0.02; adeno HR 0.77, p=0.02). OS was significantly prolonged in all adeno pts (HR 0.83; p=0.0359; median 12.6 vs 10.3 mo) with the greatest improvement seen in T<9mo adeno pts (HR 0.75; p=0.0073; median 10.9 vs 7.9 mo). A trend for improved OS was seen in all pts (HR 0.94; p=0.272; median 10.1 vs 9.1). When adjusted for SLD, a significant OS benefit was seen in all pts (HR 0.88; CI: 0.78, 0.99; p=0.0365). Disease control rates were significantly improved with N + D in all adeno pts (odds ratio [OR] 1.93; p<0.0001), T<9mo adeno pts (OR 2.90; p<0.0001) and all pts (OR 1.68; p<0.0001). The most common AEs were diarrhea (any: 42.3 vs 21.8%; Gr ≥3: 6.6 vs 2.6%) and ALT elevations (any: 28.5 vs 8.4%; Gr ≥3: 7.8 vs 0.9%). Incidence of CTCAE Gr ≥3 AEs was 71.3 vs 64.3%. Withdrawals due to AEs (22.7 vs 21.7%) were similar in both arms, as were Gr ≥3 hypertension, bleeding or thrombosis. Conclusions: N + D significantly improved PFS independent of histology, and prolonged OS for adeno pts. AEs were generally manageable with dose reductions and symptomatic treatment. Clinical trial information: NCT00805194.
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Kato, Harumi, Dai Chihara, Koji Kato, Sung-Won Kim, Takehiko Mori, Masashi Sawa, Yuki Ohno, et al. "Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections Are Not Associated With Worse Clinical Outcomes After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: On Behalf Of The Adult Lymphoma Working Group Of The Japan Society For Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (JSHCT)." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 4270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.4270.4270.
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Abstract Background Clinical impact of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections is not well studied in a large series of patients with lymphoma undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate clinical outcomes of patients with lymphoma receiving ASCT with or without HBV and HCV infections. Patients and Methods Among 13218 adult patients registered in the Adult Lymphoma Working Group of the Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (JSHCT) database, we selected patients who had the information on HBV and HCV infection status and received ASCT from 1989 to 2010. Patients diagnosed as Hodgkin lymphoma, mature or precursor T- and B-cell lymphoma were included. Histological diagnosis of natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma were excluded in this analysis. Patients who had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and history of previous transplantation were also excluded. Survival analysis was performed to compare patients positive for HBV and HCV with those negative for both. Prognostic indicator for survival was also investigated in patients positive for HBV and HCV. Results A total of 4641 patients with 2819 male were analyzed. The median age of all patients was 54 years (range: 16-81 years). The patient characteristics were summarized in Table 1. HBV and HCV infections were present in 162 (3.5%) and 104 (2.2%) patients, respectively. Ten patients (0.2%) had both HBV and HCV infections. Detailed data on anti-HBV antigen or antibody and genetic data were not available in the analysis. Patients with HBV and HCV infections were older and more diagnosed with advanced stage than those without infections. With a median follow-up of 2.8 years, the 2-year overall survival (OS) rate of all patients was 75% (95%CI: 73 to 76). Cumulative incidence of treatment-related mortality (TRM) at one year after ASCT was 5.8% (95%CI: 5.2 to 6.6). According to HBV and HCV positivity, the estimated 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were 74% (95%CI: 65 to 81), 77% (95%CI: 66 to 84), 60% (95%CI: 25 to 83) and 75% (95%CI: 73 to 76) in patients with HBV-positive, HCV-positive, both virus positive and negative patients, respectively. Cumulative incidence of TRM at one year was 11% (95%CI: 6.2 to 16) 6.6% (95%CI: 2.7 to 13) and 5.7 (95%CI: 5.0 to 6.4) in patients with HBV-positive, HCV-positive and both virus negative patients, respectively. In patients with or without HBV and HCV infections, there was no statistically significant difference in rates of OS (p=0.82, Figure 1) and TRM (p=0.63). In multivariate analysis of patients infected with HBV, factors associated with shorter OS were male sex (HR: 3.1, 95%CI: 1.2 to 7.6), non-remission/relapse status at ASCT (HR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.2 to 5.9) and ASCT before 2005 years (HR: 3.6, 95%CI: 1.6 to 8.4). ASCT before 2005 years was associated with higher TRM in patients with HBV infection (HR: 4.4, 95%CI: 1.5 to 13). In patients with HCV infection, multivariate analysis revealed that partial remission (HR: 3.5, 95%CI: 1.2 to 10.6), non-remission/relapse (HR: 5.3, 95%CI: 1.9 to 14.6) status at ASCT and age≥ 50 years at ASCT (HR: 7.0, 95%CI: 1.5 to 31.9) were significantly associated with shorter OS. Non-remission/relapse status at ASCT was associated with higher TRM in patients infected with HCV (HR: 4.4, 95%CI: 1.1 to 18.3). Difference in histology was an adverse factor for outcomes in the HBV- and HCV-negative groups, however, the factor could not be identified as adverse indicator in the HBV- and HCV-positive groups. Conclusions Prognosis of patients with HBV and HCV infections would be comparable to patients without those infections. Disease status at ASCT could be one of useful landmarks to predict outcomes in patients positive for HBV and HCV undergoing ASCT. After careful consideration, ASCT might be a feasible option for patients with HBV and HCV infections. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Rosinsky, Philip J., Mitchell J. Yelton, Hari K. Ankem, Mitchell B. Meghpara, David R. Maldonado, Jacob Shapira, Brent R. Yelton, Ajay C. Lall, and Benjamin G. Domb. "Pertrochanteric Calcifications in Patients With Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome: Description, Prevalence, and Correlation With Intraoperatively Diagnosed Hip Abductor Tendon Injuries." American Journal of Sports Medicine 49, no. 7 (May 6, 2021): 1759–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465211008104.
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Background: Pertrochanteric calcifications can be found in patients with greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS). A systematic description of the types and prevalence of these calcifications has not been undertaken. Furthermore, there is conflicting evidence regarding their association with abductor tendon injuries. Purpose: (1) To describe the various types and prevalence of pertrochanteric calcifications in patients presenting for the surgical management of recalcitrant GTPS. (2) To evaluate the association of the various calcifications with intraoperatively diagnosed hip abductor tendon injuries, including tendinosis, partial-thickness tears, and full-thickness tears. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients undergoing surgical management for GTPS, in isolation or as an ancillary procedure during hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement, between April 2008 and February 2020 were included. Of these, 85 procedures were isolated treatment of GTPS and the remaining 628 were ancillary to hip arthroscopy. Radiographs were scrutinized for the presence of pertrochanteric calcifications. The hip abductor tendon status was intraoperatively classified as intact, partial-thickness tear, or full-thickness tear. The prevalence and correlation of the various radiographic findings in relation to the intraoperatively classified tendon condition were analyzed via the odds ratio (OR). Results: Surgery was performed on 713 hips with recalcitrant GTPS. No tear was found in 340 hips (47.7%), 289 hips (40.5%) had a partial-thickness tear, and 84 hips (11.8%) had a full-thickness tear. Radiographically, 102 hips (14.3%) demonstrated proximally directed enthesophytes, and 34 (4.8%) had distally directed enthesophytes. In addition, 75 hips (10.5%) had amorphous calcifications, 47 (6.6%) had isolated ossicles, and 110 (15.4%) had surface irregularities. The presence of any calcification was associated with partial-thickness tears (OR, 1.67 [95% CI, 1.21-2.21]; P = .002) and full-thickness tears (OR, 6.40 [95% CI, 3.91-10.47]; P < .001). Distally directed enthesophytes (OR, 10.18 [95% CI, 3.08-33.63]; P < .001) and proximally directed enthesophytes (OR, 8.69 [95% CI, 4.66-16.21]; P < .001) were the findings with the highest OR for the presence of any type of tear. Distally directed enthesophytes were the findings with the highest OR for a full-thickness tear (OR, 15.79 [95% CI, 7.55-33.06]; P < .001). Isolated ossicles were the findings with the highest OR for a partial-thickness tear (OR, 1.73 [95% CI, 0.96-3.13]; P = .070). Conclusion: Pertrochanteric calcifications were common radiographic findings in patients with GTPS and can help guide management in these patients. Proximally and distally directed enthesophytes were strong predictors for the presence of a hip abductor tendon tear, and specifically a full-thickness tear, and increasing size of the findings was associated with more severe tendon injuries.
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Effendy, John D. Kildea, and Allan H. White. "Lewis-Base Adducts of Group 11 Metal(I) Compounds. LXVIII Synthesis and Structural Systematics of Some 1 : 3 Adducts of Silver(I) Compounds with Triphenylstibine, [(Ph3Sb)3AgX], X = Cl, I, SCN, NCS, CN, ONO2." Australian Journal of Chemistry 50, no. 6 (1997): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c96035.
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The syntheses and room-temperature single-crystal X-ray structural characterization of 1 : 3 adducts formed between silver(I) (pseudo-) halides, AgX, and triphenylstibine, SbPh3, are described for X = Cl, I, SCN, NCS, CN, NO3 (1)-(6). The chloride, as its methanol solvate (1a), is isomorphous with the arsine analogue: triclinic, P-1, a 13·373(4), b 14·48(6), c 14·702(3) Å, α 83·49(3), β 87·76(2), γ 76·45(3)°; Z = 2, conventional R on F being 0·046 for No 5514 independent ‘observed’ reflections (I > 3σ(I )). A new form (1b) of the chloride has also been authenticated: monoclinic, P 21/c, a 12·832(2), b 54·24(1), c 18·519(8) Å, β 129·68(3)°; Z = 8 (R 0·065 for No 5672). No bromide has been obtained; the iodide (2) is described as monoclinic, P 21/n, a 19·611(4), b 14·473(6), c 17·74(1) Å, β 98·28(3)°; Z = 4 (R 0·036 for No 6769). The thiocyanate crystallizes from acetonitrile or pyridine as an S-bonded form (3) isomorphous with the arsine analogue: monoclinic, P 21/n, a 19·143(7), b 14·288(5), c 18·694(6) Å, β 98·81(2)°; Z = 4 (R 0·037 for No 4482). From 2-methylpyridine, remarkably, a solvate is obtained in which the thiocyanate is N-bonded (4): triclinic, P-1, a 27·261(5), b 14·767(3), c 13·319(1) Å, α 91·53(1), β 101·58(1), γ 92·29(2)°; Z = 4 (R 0·045 for No 6900). The cyanide is also monoclinic, P 21/n, a 19·442(7), b 14·267(3), c 17·741(6) Å, β 97·63(3)°, z = 4; R 0·057 for No 2487. The unsolvated 1 : 3 nitrate complex (6a) is monoclinic, P 21/n, a 19·602(5), b 14·455(1), c 17·727(2) Å, β 97·19(2)°, Z = 4; R was 0·034 for No 6522. The complex is isomorphous with the arsenic and phosphorus analogues, being mononuclear [(Ph3Sb)3Ag(O2NO)]. The ethanol solvate (6b) is triclinic, P-1, a 13·352(5), b 14·548(9), c 14·701(4) Å, α 81·64(4), β 84·45(3), γ 75·32(4)°, Z = 2; R was 0·058 for No 4702. Ag-Sb range between 2·6980(8) and 2·843(3) Å in the precise determinations; Ag-X are 2·481(4) and 2·52(1) Å (the two chlorides), 2·757(1) (I), 2·533(3) (SCN), 2·21(1) (NCS), 2· 09(3) (CN), 2·377(7) Å (unidentate ONO2)
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Zhou, Ping, Lakshmanan K. Iyer, Hani Hassoun, James E. Hoffman, Heather Landau, and Raymond L. Comenzo. "Cyclin D1 Overexpression In Clonal Plasma Cells In Systemic AL Amyloidosis Is Associated with Differential Expression of Protein Quality Control Genes and Bias In Clonal Germline IgVL donor Gene Use." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 4043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4043.4043.
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Abstract Abstract 4043 Cyclin D1 (CCND1) overexpression in AL plasma cells (PC) is associated with patient characteristics such as production of free immunoglobulin (Ig) light chains (FLC) without an intact M-protein (that is, without partner Ig heavy chains), increased cardiac biomarkers and shorter survival (Amyloid 2010;17(S1):61a; Blood 2008;111:4700; Haematologica 2009;94:380). The molecular ramifications of CCND1 overexpression within AL PC clones have not been described. To study these associations, we used CD138+ AL PC from 69 untreated AL patients at diagnosis for (1) gene expression profiling (GEP, Affymetrix U133A 2.0) (n=16), (2) qRT-PCR to validate GEP findings (n=53), and (3) clonal IgVL germline donor gene identification (n=69) by established methods (Blood 2008;111:549; Blood 2001;98:714). By GEP, all cases displayed significant overexpression of the appropriate isotypic IgVL constant region gene, confirming the preponderance of clonal AL PC. Five cases were CCND1hi and 11 CCND1lo, and a supervised analysis of CCND1hi vs CCND1lo transcriptomes showed that in CCND1hi PC among the most down-regulated genes were IGHG1, IGHG3 and CCND2 while among the most up-regulated ones (after CCND1) were FAM129A, WARS, SEC63, PDIA6 and SEL1L. By RT-PCR all 53 cases used for qRT-PCR displayed prominent amplification of spliced and unspliced XBP1, confirming PC derivation. By qRT-PCR, median CCND1 expression was 1.51 (range, 0–19.36) with 27 cases above (CCND1hi) and 26 below the median (CCND1lo) with clear-cut quartile differences (25% 0.02, 75% 4.78). We examined PDIA6 and SEL1L expression by qRT-PCR, and found that both correlated with CCND1 expression (PDIA6, P=0.018, r=0.452; SEL1L, P=0.038, r=0.395). In addition, PDIA6 and SEL1L values above and below the CCND1 median differed significantly (P=0.01, P=0.04). The genes up-regulated in CCND1hi cases are involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and protein control processes: WARS in protein production, FAM129A in autophagy, SEC63 in ER protein transport, PDIA6 in catalysis of disulfide bonds and SEL1L in modifying misfolded proteins and channeling them to cytosolic proteasomes. We then identified the clonal IgVL germline donor genes in the CCND1hi (n=32) and CCND1lo (n=37) AL PC clones. We knew that CCND1hi clones displayed biased Ig light chain restriction with 10/12 κ and 22/57 λ cases being CCND1hi (p=0.009, Fisher's exact). Surprisingly, we also identified biased λ family use as only 6/27 λ1 and λ2 cases were CCND1hi compared to 16/30 λ3 and λ6 cases (P=0.03). Overall these results confirm that CCND1hi AL PC clones express significantly higher levels of important ER protein quality control genes than CCND1lo clones, possibly due to CCND1hi AL PC clones adapting to the production of FLC without partner Ig heavy chains. Moreover, CCND1hi AL PC clones display a biased clonal IgVL germline donor gene repertoire, raising questions about the origin of CCND1hi clones since germline gene selection is an early and CCND1 overexpression likely a late event in malignant clonal PC emergence. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Zhang, Wanggang, Liufang Gu, Aili He, Xingmei Cao, Yinxia Chen, Xiaorong Ma, Jie Liu, and Pengyu Zhang. "Cloning of the Full-Length Gene of a Novel Human Acute Monocytic Leukemia Associated Antigen (MLAA-22) and Characterization of Its Functions." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 1399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.1399.1399.
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Abstract Abstract 1399 Introduction: In the past several decades, rapid progress has been made in the development of combination therapies for acute leukemia involving chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, these protocols are not particularly effective in treating minimal residual disease (MRD), which is the source of relapses. Treating patients in complete remission with appropriate immunotherapy is anticipated to be an excellent method to control MRD and cure leukemia. Our group used inactivated leukemic cells in combination with IL-2, IL-6, GM-CSF and Freund's incomplete adjuvant as a whole-cell vaccine in the 1990s. To improve whole-cell vaccine, we constructed a cDNA expression library from human U937 cells applied the method of serologic analysis of recombinant cDNA expression library (SEREX) to identify acute monocytic leukemia-associated antigens (MLAAs). Thirty-five distinct novel antigens were identified through the SEREX analysis by reaction with sera from acute monocytic leukemia patients. MLAA-22 (GenBank no: AY288965) is a representative gene in this group. Methods: Because the sequence of MLAA-22 was obtained from a cDNA library, we first sought to determine if the sequence is complete. Both 5' and 3' ends of MLAA-22 were determined by RLM -RACE in U937 cell line and the full-length of MLAA-22 was confirmed by RT-PCR. After full-length of MLAA-22 was determined, new sequence was analyzed by bioinformatics at both nucleic acid and amino acid sequence levels. Next, we studied the functions of MLAA-22 gene by RNAi. The shRNA lentiviral vector of MLAA-22 was constructed to infect 293T cells and a high titer of the virus particles was obtained from supernatant of 293T. U937 cells were infected with virus particles to down regulate the expression of MLAA-22 mRNA. MLAA-22 gene expression was determined by fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR. After that, a series of changes in phenotype and functions of U937 cell were detected by MTT, Hoechst staining and FCM. Results: Compared to the original sequence of MLAA-22 (GenBank no: AY288965), the new sequence is extended by 75 and 606 bp at the 5' and 3' ends, respectively. Full-length of MLAA-22 is 2718 bp. MLAA-22 is located in 17q11.2 and is highly homologous to the putative human gene KIAA0100. The functions of the KIAA0100 gene and protein have not been thoroughly elucidated. The MLAA-22 sequence has a complete open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a protein containing 701 amino acid residues. Studies on the function of MLAA-22 revealed that down-regulated MLAA-22 mRNA>70% in U937 cells resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation. Furthermore, the apoptosis rate of U937 was significantly higher than that of the control group. Based on these results we speculate that MLAA-22 may be a new anti-apoptotic gene related to the development of acute monocytic leukemia. Conclusions: The full-length of MLAA-22 cDNA was 2718bp and it was located in 17q11.2. MLAA-22 may be a new anti-apoptosis gene related to acute monocytic leukemia. It may play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute monocytic leukemia. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Rabin, Rabin R., M. Monica Gramatges, Michael J. Borowitz, Shana L. Palla, Xiaodong Shi, Judith F. Margolin, and Patrick A. Zweidler-McKay. "Absolute Lymphocyte Counts Refine MRD-Based Risk Stratification in Pediatric ALL." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 1593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.1593.1593.
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Abstract Abstract 1593 Poster Board I-619 Many studies have now demonstrated the prognostic utility of measuring lymphocyte counts before, during and after non-transplant therapy in a wide range of malignancies. In children and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), low absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC) during induction chemotherapy are a strong predictor of adverse outcome, however the role of ALC in the era of minimal residual disease (MRD) is not known. We reviewed 171 pediatric patients with de novo ALL, age 1-21 years, treated at two institutions on the Children's Oncology Group P9900 series of trials from 2000-2006. Variables analyzed included ALC at diagnosis and days 15, 22 and 29 of induction chemotherapy; and other features including age, cytogenetics, WBC, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), platelets, therapeutic regimen, and minimal residual disease (MRD) status at day 29 (MRD-29). ALC at each time-point was evaluated for prognostic ability by univariate and multivariate analysis. Cut-point determined by Martingale residual analysis. We found high ALC at induction day 29 (ALC-29) to be predictive of improved relapse-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS), with a cut-point of 1500 cells/mL demonstrating the greatest predictive power. Patients with ALC-29 > versus <1500 had a 5-year EFS of 83% versus 66% (hazard ratio (HR) 2.2, p=0.018) and a 5-year OS of 96% versus 79% (HR 7.0, p=0.001) respectively. When compared directly to MRD-29 in multivariate analysis, ALC-29 demonstrated independent prognostic significance in EFS (HR 2.4, p=0.017) with striking HR/p-value for OS compared to MRD-29 (HR 10.9 vs. 4.9 and p=0.002 vs. 0.007). Importantly, ALC-29 also remained significant in multi-parameter multivariate analysis which included MRD-29 >0.01%, age >10y, WBC >50k, and favorable/unfavorable cytogenetics (HR 6.8, p=0.022). We found that ALC-29 discriminated subgroups with distinct differences in outcome among patients categorized by MRD-29. Among patients with MRD-29 <0.01%, those with ALC-29 <1500 had an 75/89% EFS/OS while those with ALC-29 >1500 had an excellent EFS/OS of 88/99% (HR 2.7/13.2, p=0.038/0.021). Most strikingly, among patients who were MRD positive (MRD-29 >0.01%), those with ALC-29 <1500 had a dismal EFS/OS of 33/41% versus those with ALC-29 >1500 who had a markedly superior EFS/OS of 69/92% (HR 2.0/9.1, p=0.24/0.041), providing clinically meaningful differences of 36% EFS and 51% OS. At 7 years the combination of ALC-29 and MRD-29 identifies three prognostic groups: a favorable group containing 60% of patients with EFS/OS 86/99% (MRDneg/ALChi), an intermediate group containing 32% of patients with EFS/OS 59-69/81-92% (MRDpos/ALChi and MRDneg/ALClo), and a very poor prognosis group containing 8% of patients with EFS/OS 33/41% (MRDpos/ALClo). These results suggest that ALC, a simple and readily obtainable test, constitutes a novel and powerful prognostic factor in children and young adults with ALL. ALC has prognostic significance that is independent of MRD and other known risk factors, and may refine MRD-based risk stratification, notably with the ability to identify a subset of MRD-positive patients with a good prognosis. Moreover, the association of higher ALC with improved outcome suggests an important role for host immune surveillance in mediating survival in childhood ALL. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.