Relevant bibliographies by topics / 621.319 37

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Academic literature on the topic '621.319 37'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "621.319 37"

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Paduch, Jan-Hendrik, Johanna Lücking, Elisabeth Mansion-de Vries, Claudia Zinke, Nicole Wente, and Volker Krömker. "Prevention of Intramammary Infections by Prepartum External Application of a Teat Dip Containing Lactic Acid Bacteria with Antimicrobial Properties in Dairy Heifers." Pathogens 9, no. 4 (April 16, 2020): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9040288.

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The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of the prepartum external treatment of teats with a combination of four lactic acid bacteria strains viz. Lactobacillus (Lb.) rhamnosus ATCC 7469, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ATCC 11454, Lb. paracasei 78/37 (DSM 26911), and Lb. plantarum 118/37 (DSM 26912) on the postcalving udder health of dairy heifers. The study used a split-udder design. Two weeks before the expected calving date, one of two contralateral teats of a teat pair was dipped with an aqueous suspension of lactic acid bacteria (final bacterial counts 8.40–8.47 log10-transformed CFU/mL) once in a week until calving; the other teat of the pair was not treated. After calving, quarter foremilk samples were taken and investigated cyto-microbiologically. In total, 629 teat pairs of 319 heifers were included. There was an association between the treatment and intramammary infections caused by the major udder-pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and enterococci, as well as clinical mastitis in the first 100 days after calving. The present study indicates that intramammary infections with major pathogens and clinical mastitis may be prevented by regular prepartum external application of lactic acid bacteria in dairy heifers.
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Kadhim, Ali S. "Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamases Producing by Proteus mirabilis Isolated from Different Sources." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 28, no. 1 (November 19, 2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v28i1.311.

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A total of 801 samples included 179 clinical samples and 622 animal samples were collected from Baghdad province. All samples were cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar plates to isolate proteus mirabilis bacteria. Results showed that rate isolates of P. mirabilis from clinical and animal samples were 25.89% (51/179) and 5.95% (37/622) respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility test showed that lowest resistance rates for clinical P. mirabilis isolates were 3.9% for ciprofloxacin, 7.8% for norfloxacin, 9.8% for imipenem, 13.7% for levofloxacin and 15.7% for cefotaxime, and highest resistance rates were 82.4% for cefepime, 78.4% for piperacillin, 56.9% for ceftazidime and 54.9% for cefoxitin. In regards to animal isolates, they were 100% sensitive to cefoxitin and 100% resistance to piperacillin. Their resistance rates were 2.7% to amikacin, 5.4% to ciprofloxacin and 8.1% to cefepime, imipenem and levofloxacin. The results revealed that all P. mirabilis isolates were 100% multidrug resistance for 2-8 antibiotics. Extended spectrum β-lactamases produced were detected in 52.94% of clinical P. mirabilis isolates and in 48.65% of animal isolates.
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Carlton, Edward Watts, Jenny Ingram, Hazel Taylor, Joel Glynn, Rebecca Kandiyali, Sarah Campbell, Lucy Beasant, et al. "Limit of detection of troponin discharge strategy versus usual care: randomised controlled trial." Heart 106, no. 20 (May 5, 2020): 1586–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2020-316692.

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IntroductionThe clinical effectiveness of a ‘rule-out’ acute coronary syndrome (ACS) strategy for emergency department patients with chest pain, incorporating a single undetectable high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) taken at presentation, together with a non-ischaemic ECG, remains unknown.MethodsA randomised controlled trial, across eight hospitals in the UK, aimed to establish the clinical effectiveness of an undetectable hs-cTn and ECG (limit of detection and ECG discharge (LoDED)) discharge strategy. Eligible adult patients presented with chest pain; the treating clinician intended to perform investigations to rule out an ACS; the initial ECG was non-ischaemic; and peak symptoms occurred <6 hours previously. Participants were randomised 1:1 to either the LoDED strategy or the usual rule-out strategy. The primary outcome was discharge from the hospital within 4 hours of arrival, without a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) within 30 days.ResultsBetween June 2018 and March 2019, 632 patients were randomised; 3 were later withdrawn. Of 629 patients (age 53.8 (SD 16.1) years, 41% women), 7% had a MACE within 30 days. For the LoDED strategy, 141 of 309 (46%) patients were discharged within 4 hours, without MACE within 30 days, and for usual care, 114 of 311 (37%); pooled adjusted OR 1.58 (95% CI 0.84 to 2.98). No patient with an initial undetectable hs-cTn had a MACE within 30 days.ConclusionThe LoDED strategy facilitates safe early discharge in >40% of patients with chest pain. Clinical effectiveness is variable when compared with existing rule-out strategies and influenced by wider system factors.Trial registration numberISRCTN86184521.
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Nagy, Ildikó, Anita Katalin Varga, Norbert Balázsfalvi, and Balázs Nemes. "A kadáverdonor-vesék elfogadási gyakorlatának vizsgálata a debreceni transzplantációs centrumban." Orvosi Hetilap 162, no. 26 (June 27, 2021): 1022–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2021.32253.

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Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A magyarországi vesetranszplantáció 2013 óta az Eurotransplant (ET) keretein belül zajlik. A debreceni vesetranszplantációs centrumhoz évente kb. 200 kadáverdonorvese-felajánlás érkezik, melyek 37%-a kerül a megismert adatok alapján elfogadásra. Nem minden elfogadott vese kerül beültetésre, aminek számos oka lehet. Célkitűzés: A debreceni szakmai gyakorlat elemzése és bemutatása reprezentatív mintán. Módszer: A debreceni centrumhoz 2016. november és 2020. március között 624 vesefelajánlás érkezett. A felajánlott vesék 37%-a (n = 229) került előzetesen elfogadásra, később az elfogadott vesék 63%-a (n = 144) került beültetésre. Centrumunkban az ún. ’standard criteria’, azaz tökéletes minőségű donorvesék szignifikánsan magasabb arányban kerültek elfogadásra, majd beültetésre, mint az ’extended criteria’, azaz kompromisszummal vállalhatók. Az elfogadott és nem elfogadott veséket vizsgálva a KDPI (kidney donor profile index) és a KDRI (kidney donor risk index) értéke szignifikánsan magasabb volt az elutasított donorok esetében (p<0,001). Eredmények: Elemeztük, hogy a felajánlott, de a centrum által nem beültetett donorveséket más ET-centrumban elfogadták-e. Látható, hogy a felajánlott 624 donorvese közül 144 Debrecenben, 313 pedig más ET-centrumban került beültetésre, viszont 167 vese beültetése egyik ET-centrumban sem történt meg (discarded organ). A 36–85 KDPI-értékkel rendelkező csoportból került beültetésre a legtöbb donorvese (180 vese) más ET-centrumban. A Debrecenben beültetett kadáverdonor-vesék KDPI- és KDRI-értéke szignifikánsan alacsonyabb volt a nekünk felajánlott, majd máshol beültetett vesékhez képest. Következtetés: Összességében elmondható, hogy a debreceni centrumban a magas rizikócsoportba tartozó donorszervek elutasításra kerültek, miközben más centrumban a nagy részüket beültették. Ez alapján a 36–85 KDPI-értékű csoport a transzplantációs esetszám bővítésének lehetséges forrása a recipiens ismeretében. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(26): 1022–1028. Summary. Introduction: Kidney transplantation in Hungary is carried out via Eurotransplant (ET). Our centre in Debrecen receives around 200 kidney offers a year, of which 37% are accepted. Not all accepted kidneys are transplanted, which can be a result of a number of causes. Obejctive: A debreceni szakmai gyakorlat elemzése és bemutatása reprezentatív mintán. Method: Between November 2016 and March 2020, the centre of Debrecen received 624 kidney offers. 37% (n = 229) of the offered kidneys got preliminarily accepted, of which 63% (n = 144) were transplanted later. In our centre, standard criteria donor kidneys were accepted and transplanted in significantly higher rate, than extended criteria donor kidneys. Looking at accepted and rejected kidneys, KDPI and KDRI values were significantly higher in the case of the refused ones (p<0.001). Results: Part of our assessment is to analyze whether kidneys offered to and refused by us got accepted in other transplant centres. In the examined period, of the 624 kidneys offered to our centre 144 were transplanted in Debrecen, 313 were transplanted in other ET centres, while 167 were not transplanted at all (discarded organ). The majority of transplanted kidneys in other ET centres had KDPI values between 36 and 85 (180 kidneys.) KDPI and KDRI values of kidneys transplanted in our centre were significantly lower than those that were offered to us, but got transplanted elsewhere. Conclusion: To summarize, we can say that high-risk donor organs are refused in the transplant centre of Debrecen, while the majority of them are being transplanted in other centres. Based on this, kidneys of KDPI value between 36 and 85 are a possible source of expanding the number of transplantations, with regards to the recipient. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(26): 1022–1028.
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Katrib, K., H. A. Adlouni, and G. Férard. "Presence of nonesterified and acylcarnitine in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and mononuclear cells." Clinical Chemistry 33, no. 4 (April 1, 1987): 533–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/33.4.533.

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Abstract We demonstrate the presence of nonesterified carnitine and acylcarnitine in leukocytes, but not in erythrocytes, from 16 healthy adults. After carefully separating the different kinds of blood cells we measured significant amounts of nonesterified carnitine and acylcarnitine in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (28.5 +/- 6.1 and 18.5 +/- 6.3 mumol/10(9) cells) and mononuclear cells (25.4 +/- 5.2 and 14.8 +/- 4.5 mumol/10(9) cells). We also measured nonesterified carnitine, long-chain acylcarnitine, and short-chain acylcarnitine in plasma after fractionation with perchloric acid and obtained the following values (mean +/- SD): 41.4 +/- 2.6, 3.9 +/- 1.2, and 6.0 +/- 1.6 mumol/L, respectively. The mean percentages of total carnitine (n = 6) in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, mononuclear cells, and plasma were approximately 62%, 27%, and 13% of whole-blood carnitine, respectively (mean recovery was 102%). The percentage of acylated carnitine was 37% in leukocytes, as compared with 19% in plasma.
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Tsitsiashvili, A. M., A. M. Panin, Ye N. Nikolayeva, A. A. Arutyunyan, M. S. Podporin, and V. N. Tsarev. "Microbial contamination dynamics in surgical treatment of patients using dental implants in a limited bone tissue volume." Stomatology for All / International Dental review, no. 2019 4 (89) (December 2019): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35556/idr-2019-4(89)52-58.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic chemotherapy regimens and the dynamics of the nature of microbial associations of the operating area at the surgical stages of treatment of patients using dental implants in conditions of limited bone tissue. The study involved 37 patients (17 m and 20 w, from 32 to 68 years). According to the tactics of the treatment and the type of antibacterial effect, the patients were divided into 3 groups. Per os was prescribed antibiotics as a step therapy: amoxicillin (flemoxin 500 mg 1 tablet 2 per day for 7 days) and amoxicillin / clavulanate (flemoclav 625 mg 1 table 2 per day 7 days), doxycycline (unidox 100 mg 1 table 1 per day 5 days). The 1st group of patients (n1=12; 31.9%) — a multi-stage approach (MA), where the 1st operation is bone grafting (BG) (Flemoxin 500 mg), after 6—9 months, the 2nd dental implantation (DI) (flemoklav 625 mg), after 3—6 months the 3rd — installation of gingival formers (GF) (unidox 100 mg). The 2nd group of patients (n2=14; 36.2%) — a one-stage approach (OA), where the 1st operation is BG with simultaneous DI (flemoxin 500 mg), after 6—9 months — the 2nd — installation of GF (flemoklav 625 mg). 3rd group — narrow/short implants (N/S) without BG were installed (n3=11; 31.9%). The 1st operation — DI (Flemoxin 500 mg), the 2nd — installation of GF (Flemoklav 625 mg). A bacteriological study with the identification of pure cultures of bacteria and determination of sensitivity to antibacterial drugs was performed for all patients before treatment and in dynamics. In MA, there was a suppression of the growth of certain types of bacteria and an increase in the number of species resistant to this antibiotic. In the framework of the OA, when prescribing antibiotics, the results were comparable. With N/S implants, growth inhibition of a number of species present at the beginning of treatment was noted. In multi-stage operations, we consider it reasonable to use beta-lactamase-protected drugs, or drugs of another group that include representatives of parodontopathogenic species and potential carriers of multiple resistance genes in their spectrum of action.
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Asare, George Awuku, Daniel Afriyie, Robert A. Ngala, Alfred A. Appiah, Yvonne Anang, Iddi Musah, Samuel Adjei, et al. "Shrinkage of Prostate and Improved Quality of Life: Management of BPH Patients with Croton membranaceus Ethanolic Root Extract." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (March 24, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/365205.

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the prostate. The study aimed at validating the use of freeze-dried Croton membranaceus ethanolic root extract for BPH management. Thirty-three patients were observed before and after 3-month administration of 20 mg t.i.d orally. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaires were used. Total/free PSA (tPSA, fPSA), renal, liver function, lipid tests, and ultrasonographic imaging were performed. Thirty (30) patients (66 ± 11 years) completed the study. IPSS results showed 37% had severe, 40% moderate, and 23% mild symptoms before; 57% and 43% had moderate and mild symptoms, respectively, after treatment. IIED of patients’ results showed 30% with severe, 40% moderate, 24% mild-moderate, 3% mild, and 3% no erectile dysfunction before treatment and 20% severe, 43% moderate, and 37% mild-moderate dysfunction, after treatment. Quality of life (QoL) improved (P=0.001). Significant but non-pathological increases in total and indirect bilirubin as well as apolipoprotein A occurred. Mean tPSA reduced from 27.9 ± 19.0 to 16.2 ± 11.8 ng/mL (P=0.002); fPSA from 6.1 ± 4.8 to 3.9 ± 2.9 ng/mL (P=0.045); and prostate volume from 101.8 ± 41.3 to 54.5 ± 24.8 cm3 (P=0.023). C. membranaceus shrinks the prostate and improves QoL.
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Patel, Brijesh, Paul Secheresiu, Mahek Shah, Lekha Racharla, Ahmad B. Alsalem, Manyoo Agarwal, Byomesh Tripathi, et al. "Trends and Predictors of Palliative Care Referrals in Patients With Acute Heart Failure." American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 36, no. 2 (August 29, 2018): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049909118796195.

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Objective: To determine the rate and predictors of palliative care referral (PCR) in hospitalized patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Introduction: The PCR is commonly utilized in terminal conditions such as metastatic cancers. There is no data on trends and predictors from large-scale registry of general population regarding PCR in patients with AHF. Methods: For this retrospective study, data were obtained from National Inpatient Sample Database from 2010 to 2014. We used International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis codes to identify cases with a principle diagnosis of AHF. These patients were divided into 2 groups: (1) PCR, (2) no PCR groups. We performed multivariate analysis to identify predictors of PCRs, as well as reported PCR trends from 2010 to 2014. Results: From the database, out of 37 312 324 hospitalizations, 621 947 unweighted cases with primary diagnosis of AHF were selected for further analysis. About 2.8% received PCR. From 2010 to 2014, there was an uptrend from 2.0% to 3.6% for PCR. Metastatic cancer, ventilator-dependent respiratory failure, and cardiogenic shock were strongly associated with PCR. Those who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and African American or other races were negative predictors for PCR. In the PCR group, 31.4% of patients died during hospitalization. Conclusion: Palliative care referrals were made in a very small proportion of patients with AHF. We observed steady rise in the PCR utilization. Chronic conditions, advancing age, and high-risk patients were major predictors of PCR.
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Regmi, Shrawan K., Kumar P. Dahal, and Jagadeesh Bhattarai. "Soil corrosivity to the buried-pipes used in Lalitpur, Kathmandu Valley, Nepal." Nepal Journal of Environmental Science 3 (December 7, 2015): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njes.v3i0.22730.

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Six soil parameters (moisture content, pH, resistivity, oxidation-reduction potential, chloride and sulfate) of 23 samples were analyzed using standard methods for their corrosive nature towards the buried galvanized-steel and cast-iron pipes used to supply drinking water in three areas (Tikathali, Imadol- KA and Imadol-KHA) of Lalitpur district of Kathmandu Valley. Amounts of these six soil parameters in the collected 23 samples were found to be of 11–37% moisture content, 6.1–8.4 pH, 0.3330 x 104– 4.7620 x104 Ohm.cm resistivity, 317–553 mV (SHE) oxidation-reduction potential, 14–75 ppm chloride and 56–176 ppm sulfate contents. These findings indicated that most of soil samples collected from the study areas of Lalitpur district of Nepal are found to be mildly corrosive and less corrosive nature of soils on the buried galvanized-steel and cast-iron pipes used for the supply of drinking water. The use of non-conducting materials like gravel/sand around the buried-pipes, before burying them in the study areas seems to be effective to control such corrosion and to increase life time of the pipes.
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Ruddy, Kathryn J., Shari I. Gelber, Rulla M. Tamimi, Elizabeth S. Ginsburg, Lidia Schapira, Steven E. Come, Virginia F. Borges, Meghan E. Meyer, and Ann H. Partridge. "Prospective Study of Fertility Concerns and Preservation Strategies in Young Women With Breast Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 11 (April 10, 2014): 1151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.52.8877.

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Purpose Most research regarding fertility in young women with breast cancer has focused on long-term survivors. Little is known about how fertility concerns affect treatment decisions or fertility preservation strategies at the time of initial cancer diagnosis. Patients and Methods As part of an ongoing prospective multicenter cohort study, we surveyed women with newly diagnosed early-stage breast cancer at age ≤ 40 years. The baseline survey included sociodemographic, medical, and treatment data as well as a modified Fertility Issues Survey, including fertility concern and preservation items. Univariable and multivariable modeling were used to investigate predictors of greater fertility concern. Results Among the first 620 eligible respondents included in this analysis, median age was 37 years (range, 17 to 40 years); 425 women (68%) discussed fertility issues with their physicians before starting therapy, and 319 (51%) were concerned about becoming infertile after treatment. Because of concerns about fertility, four women (1%) chose not to receive chemotherapy, 12 (2%) chose one chemotherapy regimen over another, six (1%) considered not receiving endocrine therapy, 19 (3%) decided not to receive endocrine therapy, and 71 (11%) considered receiving endocrine therapy for < 5 years; 65 (10%) used fertility preservation strategies. Greater concern about fertility was associated with younger age, nonwhite race, not having children, and receipt of chemotherapy. Conclusion Many young women with newly diagnosed breast cancer have concerns about fertility, and for some, these substantially affect their treatment decisions. Only a minority of women currently pursue available fertility preservation strategies in this setting.
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Book chapters on the topic "621.319 37"

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Cieślak-Kopyt, Małgorzata. "Elementy obrządku pogrzebowego." In Ocalone Dziedzictwo Archeologiczne, 83–87. Wydawnictwo Profil-Archeo; Muzeum im. Jacka Malczewskiego w Radomiu, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33547/oda-sah.10.zn.04.

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A total of 65 Przeworsk culture features were discovered in the Żelazna Nowa cemetery. This number included a rectangular groove feature, urned cremations (6), alleged/damaged urned cremations (14), unurned cremations (14), alleged/fully or partly damaged unurned cremations (27), pits containing no bone material (4), undtermined cremations (2), pits containing no archeological material (1). All of the explored burials are cremations. However, a more detailed analysis encounters problems due to the state of preservation of the graves. Features 3, 19A and 19B, 30, 33, 37, 39 have been confidently identified as urned cremations. In many other features fragments of ceramic vessels were found, which may be remains of damaged urns: 18, 21, 23, 25, 31, 35, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 56, 57, and 58. Certain unurned cremations are 4, 6, 7, 8, 11–13, 15–17, 22, 24, 32, and 34. The interpretation of the remaining features is uncertain. Among the features uncovered in the cemetery were pits containing no bones: 5, 60, 61, 62, as well as pits containing no archaeological material at all: 55. The majority of unurned cremations contained pyre debris, while no such remains were observed in the following damaged unurned cremations: 15, 40–42, 45, 61, 62. There were a few cases of double burials identified. Three unurned cremations (6, 13, 15) and one urned cremation (39) contained bones of Infans I and an undetermined individual, while feature 19 contained two urns with individual burials: Infans II and an undetermined individual. Urned cremations, and one alleged unurned cremation (56), are distinguished by a higher standard of furnishing and a considerably larger amount of bone remains. This can be given two interpretations: a higher status of those buried there, or different rituals used for urned and unurned cremations. In two graves the urn was covered with an upturned vessel (features 33 and 37). In one case, an apotropaic behaviour characteristic of the Przeworsk culture was recorded, involving driving sharp objects into the pit’s bottom: in grave 41 these were two spearheads.
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Rigaudias, Cecilia Alvarez, and Alessandro Spina. "Article 38 Position of the data protection officer." In The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826491.003.0076.

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Article 13(1)(b) (Information to be provided where personal data are collected from the data subject) (see too recitals 60–61); Article 14(1)(b) (Information to be provided where personal data have not been obtained from the data subject) (see too recital 61); Article 30 (Records of processing activities) (see too recital 82); Article 33 (Notification of a personal data breach to the supervisory authority) (see too recital 85); Article 35 (Data protection impact assessment) (see too recitals 90–91); Article 36 (Prior consultation) (see too recital 94); Article 37 (Designation of the Data Protection Officer) (see too recital 97); Article 39 (Tasks of the data protection officer) (see too recitals 77 and 97); Article 47 (Binding corporate rules) (see too recital 108); Article 52(1) (Independence of supervisory authorities) (see too recitals 117–118 and 120–121); Article 57 (Tasks of supervisory authorities) (see too recital 122); Article 69 (Independence of the EDPB) (see too recital 139).
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Squires, Kirsty E. "Come Rain or Shine? The Social Implications of Seasonality and Weather on the Cremation Rite in Early Anglo-Saxon England." In Cremation and the Archaeology of Death. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798118.003.0022.

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Limited information is available pertaining to the weather and seasonal conditions of early Anglo-Saxon England. Environmental evidence and documentary sources indicate a downturn in climatic conditions from the fifth though to the early seventh century (Lamb 1981: 57–61; Carver 1989: 142; Dark 2000: 27–8; Hooke 2011: 315–16). This period was dominated by wet and cold conditions, which is in stark contrast to the preceding warmer and drier climate of Roman Britain (Dark 2000: 27). Documentary records from the Continent, dating from the fifth to the ninth century, reference several severe winters which seem to have increased in severity from the fifth through to the seventh century (Brooks 1949: 310–11). A particularly wet and cold year would have decreased agricultural output and made food storage extremely difficult (Koepke and Baten 2005: 147). These factors would have resulted in seasonal scarcities and, in the most severe of cases, famine would have ensued resulting in increased mortality rates. Environmental catastrophes would have also had a similar effect on human populations. The starkest example from this period has been dated to AD 536. It is thought that volcanic eruptions or extraterrestrial impacts from meteorites or comets led to environmental and socio-economic crises, particularly in Scandinavia (Gräslund and Price 2012: 431). Dendrochronology and literary sources provide evidence for lower temperatures, increased rainfall, and famine subsequent to this event, whilst social changes, such as the migration of villages to higher ground due to rising water levels and the adoption of new ideologies and funerary rites, have been associated with this environmental disaster (ibid.: 430, 432, 437–8). Seasonality also has an impact on health and disease. In unfavourable weather conditions and freezing temperatures, people are more inclined to spend longer periods of time indoors during the winter months (Roberts and Cox 2003: 37). In addition to the effects of the cold and wet conditions, increased time indoors can contribute to respiratory infections, such as influenza, the common cold, and sinusitis (ibid.: 37, 173). These conditions would have been made worse in early medieval homes due to indoor pollution from hearths and poor ventilation of these buildings.
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"Historical Changes in Large River Fish Assemblages of the Americas." In Historical Changes in Large River Fish Assemblages of the Americas, edited by Salvador Contreras-Balderas, María de Lourdes Lozano-Vilano, and María E. García-Ramírez. American Fisheries Society, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569728.ch13.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—The interior Río Nazas basin is located in arid north-central México. It is an interior drainage, subject to dewatering since the early 20th century, and sustains wide fluctuations in runoff. It drains 85,530 km<sup>2</sup> and has a major dam in the middle reaches, producing a highly controlled river, with 100% consumption for agriculture and urban use. Hydrologic gauge reports at Torreón from the Comisión Nacional del Agua indicate a 10-year average runoff of 581.9 million m3 from 1936 to 1945, and only 66.4 million m3 in 1972, the last year of recorded runoff. Its 13 known native fish species are of Rio Grande/Rio Bravo origin. Eleven are endemic to the basin complex (only one absent from the study area), seven species have been listed by the Mexican federal government as threatened or endangered, and three are undescribed. The basin has 13 invasive alien species. An index of biological integrity (IBI), based on historical data, was applied to the current fish assemblage at 10 localities in the lower basin, below El Palmito reservoir. The IBI ranged from 50 to 57 at sites in the northern branch, to 39–61 in the southern branches, and to 0–57 from below their junction to the lower reaches, and averaged 37 or very poor. The overall biotic integrity is very low, especially near reservoirs and in the lower reaches of the river, where human activities consume all available water. The main causes of fish loss from this interesting fish fauna are alien invasive species, habitat disruption, pollution, and dewatering.
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"Historical Changes in Large River Fish Assemblages of the Americas." In Historical Changes in Large River Fish Assemblages of the Americas, edited by Salvador Contreras-Balderas, María de Lourdes Lozano-Vilano, and María E. García-Ramírez. American Fisheries Society, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569728.ch13.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—The interior Río Nazas basin is located in arid north-central México. It is an interior drainage, subject to dewatering since the early 20th century, and sustains wide fluctuations in runoff. It drains 85,530 km<sup>2</sup> and has a major dam in the middle reaches, producing a highly controlled river, with 100% consumption for agriculture and urban use. Hydrologic gauge reports at Torreón from the Comisión Nacional del Agua indicate a 10-year average runoff of 581.9 million m3 from 1936 to 1945, and only 66.4 million m3 in 1972, the last year of recorded runoff. Its 13 known native fish species are of Rio Grande/Rio Bravo origin. Eleven are endemic to the basin complex (only one absent from the study area), seven species have been listed by the Mexican federal government as threatened or endangered, and three are undescribed. The basin has 13 invasive alien species. An index of biological integrity (IBI), based on historical data, was applied to the current fish assemblage at 10 localities in the lower basin, below El Palmito reservoir. The IBI ranged from 50 to 57 at sites in the northern branch, to 39–61 in the southern branches, and to 0–57 from below their junction to the lower reaches, and averaged 37 or very poor. The overall biotic integrity is very low, especially near reservoirs and in the lower reaches of the river, where human activities consume all available water. The main causes of fish loss from this interesting fish fauna are alien invasive species, habitat disruption, pollution, and dewatering.
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6

"Legend of Constancie’. Although that virtue is Shepheardes Calender was thoroughly glossed by named only once before, to describe Guyon and his E.K., and his Dreames, as he told Harvey with some Palmer as they prepare to enter the Bower of Bliss (II pride, had ‘growen by means of the Glosse, (running xii 38.9), it is implicit in each virtue. Its importance continually in maner of a Paraphrase) full as great as is indicated in Elyot’s Gouernour 3.19: ‘that man my Calendar’ (Spenser 1912:612). In glossing The which in childehode is brought up in sondry vertues, Faerie Queene, I have taken E.K. as my guide, shar-if eyther by nature, or els by custome, he be nat ing his apprehension that without glosses ‘many induced to be all way constant and stable, so that he excellent and proper devises both in wordes and meue nat for any affection, griefe, or displeasure, all matter would passe in the speedy course of reading, his vertues will shortely decaye’. It seems inevitable either as unknown, or as not marked’ (Epistle). (For also that this legend, appropriately foreshortened, the historical practice that informs his glossing, see should be the seventh and final book, for that num-Tribble 1993:12–17, 72–87, and Snare 1995.) I ber heralds the poet’s day of rest to round out his six limit my annotations chiefly to words that need to be days of labour. On seven as the number of constancy explicated for readers today, selecting their meanings and mutability, see A. Fowler 1964:58. Such tradi-from the entirely indispensable OED, though I tional number symbolism would seem to determine believe that, finally, most may be clarified by their the numbering of the cantos: vi for the days of cre-immediate context and by their use elsewhere in the ation evident in Mutabilitie’s reign; vii for Nature’s poem. For several reasons, I have avoided interpreta-orderly control over that reign; and viii for regenera-tion as much as possible. First, limitations of space tion and resurrection; see I viii Arg. 1–2n, Bieman do not give me any choice. Second, I agree with 1988:233–38, and headnote to VII viii. Hanna 1991:180 that the annotator who resorts to The fragmentary nature of the cantos, and their interpretation will ‘impose his being, in a double differences in form from the previous books, pre-attack, on the reader and on the text’. Third, I agree clude any understanding of their place in a poem that also with Krier 1994:72 that an annotator’s inter-fashions the virtues. One may only speculate that they pretation is ‘premature and deracinated, especially provide a recapitulation or coda to certain themes for pedagogical purposes’. Fourth, I believe that any in the previous books, such as mutability; or ‘a interpretation of the poem – including my own – is detached retrospective commentary on the poem as Procrustean: a matter of finding several points com-a whole’ (Blissett 1964:26); or the allegorical ‘core’ mon to the poem and some other discourse, and of a book on constancy (Lewis 1936:353). Or that then aligning them, using whatever force is needed they constitute ‘one of the great philosophical poems to spin one’s own tale. All ‘readings’ of the poem of the language’ (Kermode 1965:225) that may be without exception are misreadings, at best partial read as an eschatology (Zitner 1968:11), or as a readings, if only because they are translations. At the theodicy (Oram 1997:290–300), or as an Ovidian same time I recognize that I am interpreting the brief epic (Holahan 1976, C. Burrow 1988:117–19) poem in drawing the reader’s attention to the mean-that treats the dialectical relationship of Nature and ings of its words, and adding such commentary as I Mutabilitie (Nohrnberg 1976:741–44), or the think represents a consensus on how the poem may nature of time itself (Waller 1994:181–85). be understood today. Yet I ask only that readers appreciate Spenser’s art in using words. Although his Annotations." In Spenser: The Faerie Queene, 39. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315834696-37.

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Conference papers on the topic "621.319 37"

1

Porte, R. J., E. de Jong, EA R. Knot, MP M. de Maat, O. T. Terpstra, H. van Urk, and TH N. Groenald. "AMBULANT MONITORING OF HEPARIN AND HAEMOSTASIS DURING VASCULAR SURGERY." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644167.

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Heparin has been used to prevent thranbotic events in vascular surgery for more than 45 years. Heparin-activity monitoring has been advocated, but is not usually performed routinely. A direct method for measuring heparin anti-Xa activity with a chromogenic substrate is difficult to perform during surgery for logistic reasons or lack of suitable equipment. The use of this assay, however, could give us a better insight in the kinetics of heparin during vascular surgery. To use this heparin-activity assay during vascular surgery in ccmbinatian with clotting assays and a antithrcmbin III-assay, one should be able to perform both kinetic and end-point methods in a rapid, simple and reproducable manner. Therefore, in this study we tested the FP-910 coagulation analyser (Labsysterns), in which both methods can be assayed. It was used during 20 consecutive abdominal aorta reconstruction operations, in which a standard dose of 4-5,000 IU heparin was given intravenously. Bloodsairples were taken at several intervals, APTT, PT, ThT, fibrinogen, AT-III and heparin could be assayed within 30 min. after a bloodsanple was taken, with good intravariations (1.8%, 3.3%, 3.9%, 7.5%, 4.9% and 5.0%, ersp.) and intervariations (5.0%, 4.5%, 3.8%, 11%, 8.9% and 6.1%, resp.). Heparin activity alone could be measured within 10 min. The preoperative sanples shewed no abnormalities. Heparin activity response 5 min. after injection showed a wide variation (0.2-2.8 IU/ml) and this was also seen in the individual heparin elimination rates. In one case a thranbotic complication occured during a period of low heparin activity (0.1 IU/ml). In another patient a combined decrease of fibrinogen and AT-III, to 30% and 37% resp, of the initial value was seen. These results showed that, during vascular surgery, a close monitoring of heparin activity with a anti-Xa activity assay, together with other haemostasis parameters is necessary, and possible in a rapid and simple way, using the FP-910 coagulation analyser.
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2

Hender, U., T. Lund-Hansen, and D. Winther. "COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF FACTOR VII PREPARED FROM HUMAN PLASMA (pVIIa) AND RECOMBINANT Vila (rVIIa) IN VITRO AND IN RABBITS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643788.

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Purified human FVIIa has been shown to induce haemostasis in pat. with haemoph. A compl. with antibodies against VIII:C (Hedner & Kisiel 1983). The in vitro effect of addition of pVIIa or rVIIa was studied by adding 0, 44, or 180 u pVIIa/rVIIa/ml to haemoph. A or haemoph. B plasma. The APTT shortened from 61 s (mean of 5 determin.) without any Vila added to 38 s after addition of 44 u pVIIa to haemoph. A plasma, and to 33 s after addition of 180 u/ml. In haemoph. B plasma the corresponding APTTs were 64 s, 35 s (44 u pVIIa/ml Vila) and 31 s (180 u pVIIa/ ml). Similar results were obtained when rVIIa was added to the same plasmas. In haemoph. A plasma APTT was shortened from 66 S to 52 s (50 u rVIIa/ml) and to41s(159u rVIIa/ml), and in haemoph. B plasma 71 s,44 s,and 37 s.Also in plasma from pat. with acquired antibodies against VIII:C a shortening of APTT was found both of pVIIa (60 s, 37 s, and 32 s) and rVIIs (65 s, 38 s, and 33 s). In normal plasma the APTT only shortened a few seconds after addition of the same amounts of pVIIa/rVIIa per ml (30 s, 27 s, 25 s). The doses required to normalize the APTT in vitro exceed substantially the doses used in vivo so far. The pVIIa and rVIIa were therefore also given i.v. to rabbits.Plasma samples were drawn before inj., 15 min, 2 hrs,4 hrs, 8 hrs, and 24 hrs after and platelets, APTT, fib.gen, ATIII, α2M, α2AP, ethanol gel. test, FVII,Hb, Hkr were followed. Doses of 500 u/kgb.w.,1000 or 5000 u/kg b.w. were given. No signs of a gen.activ.of the coag. were observed. The FVII level in plasm rose adequately. In conclusion higher doses of Vila than used clin. so far may be needed to achieve full haemost. effect in haemoph. pat. or pat. with acq. antibodies against VIII:C. Such doses also seem to be safe. rVIIa was as active as pVIIa and as safe in rabbits.
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3

Musso, R., A. Longo, M. L. Morrone, R. R. Cacciola, A. Lombardo, and R. Giustolisi. "EVIDENCE FOR AN INCREASED FIBRONECTIN SYNTHESIS IN VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM OF DIABETIC SUBJECTS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643096.

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Increased plasma levels of Fibronectin (Fn),a well known adesive glycoprotein synthesized in vessel endothelial cells, have been reported in diabetes mellitus (DM). Previously, we provided evidence that in type II DM an elevated storage of Fn is present in endothelial cells. We here report that in diabetic subjects an abnormal synthesis of Fn in endothelial cells could also occur. To verify this hypothesis, in 15 patients affected by type II DM, age ranging 36-59, of both sex, without overt clinical vascular complications and in glycometabolic compensation (Hb Alc 8.9 ± 1.5) we evaluated before and after venostasis repeated at several times 30, 60, 90,180 and 210 min the Fn plasma levels. Five healthy volunteers, age and sex comparaf-h ble, were utilized as normal controls. The venostasis were performed at forearm pressure of 10 mmHg over diastolic x 20 min and blood samples were collected from the same vein at the intervals above indicated. Plasma Fn was evaluated by ELISA immuno-enzymatic tecnique using a commercial kit (Biochemia, Milan). The diabetic patients showed after the first venostasis a significant (p<0.001) increase of Fn (317 ± 103μg/ml) versus the baseline values (225±79 μg/ml)while normal controls did not (before 103 ± 37, after 139±61). Such an increase was also seen in EM after the second venostasis ( 298 ±91 μg/ml, vs 128±58 in controls), whereas at third venostasis plasma Fn levels retoumed to the values comparable to the basal ones both in diabetics (245 ±. 88 μg/ml) and in controls (93±41 μg/ml). After 90 min pause by performing the fourth venostasis we observed in diabetics a further increase pf Fn (298±131μg/ml) which reached:again the values noted after the first. No change, on the contrary,was found in the normal group (95±21). In the last venostasis,carried out 30min from the fourth, the plasna Fn lasted significantly (p<0.001.) increased in diabetics (281±107 μg/ml) respect to normal controls (102±19 μg/ml).Our data, therefore, would suggest that in vascular endothelium cf type II DM an increased synthesis of Fn occurs as well.
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4

Zimmerman, R. A., C. T. Rieger, K. Hübner, C. W. Harenber, and W. Kübler. "EXPERIMENTAL THROMBUS FORMATION AND HAEMOSTASIS OF DIFFERENT LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARINS AND DOSAGES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644162.

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Low molecular weight heparin induces a higher anti factor Xa (a-Xa) and a lower antithrombin activity in plasma in comparison to conventional heparin. From this constellation a more pronounced antithrombotic effect and a minor incidence of bleeding Complications has been suggested.Therefore the antithrombotic activity of heparins was studied in a standardized experimental thrombosis model in rabbits. Three low molecular weight heparins with a mean molecular weight of 4.200 (heparin I),4.000 (heparin II),4.600 Dalton (heparin III) and standard heparin were tested at different dosages in 120 experiments. In the first series the dose of 60 anti Xa units (a-Xa U) given initially and 60 a-Xa U/kg/h induced a reduction of the thrombus size by 40 % (heparin I),37 % (heparin II) and 53 % (heparin III) and a prolongation of the aPTT to 45 (heparin I),66 (heparin II) and 79 sec (heparin III). The a-Xa activity was minor than 0.1 U/ml. In the second series heparins were given to aim at an a-Xa activity of 0.2-0.3 U/ml. Thereby the thrombus formation could be reduced by 84 % (heparin I), 62 % (heparin II) and 39 % (heparin III). aPTT and a-Xa activity were measured at 65.5 sec and 0.22 a-Xa U/ml (heparin I),67.3 sec and 0.3 a-Xa U/ml (heparin II) and 67.5 and 0.31 a-Xa U/ml (heparin III),respectively. In the third series the increase of the a-Xa activity to more than 0.3 U/ml showed no further reduction of the thrombus formation by heparin I, while heparins II and III already at this level reachedthe antithrombotic activity of heparin I.Our data on three different low molecular weight heparins demonstrate that already a heparin level ranging at a minimal a-Xa activity induces a clear and statistically significant antithrombotic effect. A higher heparin dosage with higher a-Xa activity increases the antithrombitic effect. At a level of 0.2-0.3 a-Xa U/ml an obvious and maximum effect could be reached, but the further elevation of the a-Xa activity produced no further antithrombotic action.
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