Academic literature on the topic '621.381 59'

621 Background: A RT-PCR Assay (GeneSearch, Veridex, LLC), FDA approved and CE marked to detect metastases > 0.2 mm in sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) of breast cancer patients, has been in clinical use in our institute for 25 months. The assay gives qualitative (negative/positive) results by applying cutoff values to cycle times (Cts) of mammaglobin (MG) and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) (cutoff values = 30 / 31 Cts). This study evaluates if quantitative Ct values can be used to estimate the probable size of nodal metastases. Methods: To date 384 patients have been clinically tested with the BLN Assay at Institut Jules Bordet. An additional 74 patients were tested in a pilot study. Both sets had SLNs of breast cancer patients divided in ∼2 mm pieces. Alternating pieces were homogenized and intra-operatively processed by the assay. The remaining pieces were used for histological analysis (positive when > 0.2 mm). During clinical use, same-surgery complete axillary dissection was performed when the assay was positive (n=59). Results: Performance of the assay's qualitative results against permanent section H&E was similar for both groups (total N = 458), for a total sensitivity 89% (68/76), specificity 95% (364/382) and overall agreement 94%. The marker Ct values are correlated with metastases size as determined by H&E on adjacent node pieces (r = -0.74 for MG and -0.77 for CK19, p < 0.001). Lower Ct values indicate increased likelihood of macrometastases reported by H&E, as described in the table. Additionally, Assay Ct values in the SLN were predictive of metastases in non-SLN nodes. For example when CK19 and MG < 24 Cts, the non-SLN positivity rate jumps from 29% to 58%. Conclusions: The BLN Assay's high intra- operative qualitative performance minimizes the need for second surgeries for complete axillary dissections. Results from this investigational study examining the marker Ct values suggest that the assay may provide valuable individual tumor volume data intra- operatively or post-operatively. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]

Background:Fabry disease (FD) is a rare metabolic disorder caused by the mutations in the α-galactosidase A (GLA) gene. FD patients present with heterogeneous clinical manifestations, which may overlap with systemic diseases including familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Recurrent episodes of fever, abdominal pain, and arthralgias can be observed in both disorders and this may lead to misdiagnosis.Objectives:To investigate FD prevalence in mild and severe FMF patients.Methods:A total of 66 FMF patients, according to the Tel-Hashomer criteria, were included in the study. Patients were grouped into mild (Group 1) and severe (Group 2) subsets according to the severity score. α-GLA enzyme activity and mutations in the GLA gene were performed. Demographic features, clinical findings, MEFV mutations and treatments were recorded.Results:The clinical and demographical characteristics of the patients were given in Table 1. In severe form, 27 patients were using biological drug and 40.7% had amyloidosis. Symptoms related to FD including hypohidrosis, acroparesthesias, and painful neuropathies, were not different between the groups. Only one patient in group 1 had a low GLA enzyme activity (0.1 nmol/h/ml;Normal >2.5) which also had mutations in the GLA gene but MEFV mutation test was negative. (Table 2). This patient was a 39-year-old female with recurrent abdominal pain, distal extremity pain and the presence of fever during the attacks. She was heterozygous for R301Q. In detailed history, she reported mild acroparesthesias, hypohidrosis, and tinnitus.Table 1.Demographic and clinical findingsAll patientsn: 66Group 1n: 32Group 2n: 34p-valueAge, median (min./max.)34 (17/64)27 (17/59)36 (18/64)0.192Male, n (%)36 (54.5)14 (43.8)22 (64.7)0.137Disease duration, median (min./max.)20.5 (1/57)12.5 (2/50)25 (1/57)0.006Family history of FMF, n (%)41 (62.1)22 (68.8)19 (57.6)0.443Alpha-galactosidase A (nmol/h/ml), median (min./max.)5.9 (0.1/16)5.6 (0.1/9.6)6 (3.1/16)0.330Abdominal pain, n (%)58 (87.9)31 (96.9)27 (79.4)0.030Fever, n (%)54 (81.8)25 (78.1)29 (85.3)0.532Arthritis, n (%)34 (51.5)10 (31.3)24 (70.6)0.003Pleuritis, n (%)31 (47)19 (59.4)12 (35.3)0.083Painful neuropathy, n (%)23 (34.8)13 (40.6)10 (29.4)0.440Acroparesthesias, n (%)9 (13.6)6 (18.8)3 (8.8)0.240Angiokeratomas, n (%)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)-Cardiac abnormalities1 (1.5)1 (3,1)0 (0)0.485Tinnitus, n (%)4 (6.1)3 (9.4)1 (2.9)0.274Hearing loss, n (%)2 (3)2 (6.2)00.086Hypohydrozis, n (%)2 (3)1 (3.1)1 (2.9)0.965Cornea verticillata, n (%)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)-Proteinüria, n (%)13 (19.7)2 (6.3)11 (32.4)0.012Colchine dosing (mg/day), median (min./max.)2 (1/3)1 (1/2)2 (1/3)<0.001Table 2.MEFV mutant alleles and GLA mutationsAll patientsn: 66Group 1n: 32Group 2n: 34Alpha -galactosidase A (GLA) gene mutations, n (%)1 (1.5)1 (3.1)0 (0)M694V mutations, n (%)47 (35.6)17 (26.5)30 (44.1)Non-M694V mutations, n(%)36(27.2)20 (31.2)16 (23.5)Conclusion:In this study, we showed the following: 1) the FD rate in the total FMF group was 1.5% (3.1% in group 1), 2) none of the patients in the severe FMF subset had abnormal enzyme activity or mutations related with FD, 3) symptoms related with FD such as hearing loss, hypohidrosis, acroparesthesias, and painful neuropathies also noted in FMF patients particularly in the milder group. Based on our results, FD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of FMF particularly in patients with atypical symptoms.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Уточнена фазовая диаграмма системы Ga – S в области составов от 30.0 до 60.7 mol % серы и в области температур от комнатной до 1220 °С. Выделена и структурно охарактеризована фаза s-Ga2S3, имеющая сфалеритоподобную структуру (пр. гр. , параметр решетки 5.21 Å) с дефицитом атомов в подрешетке галлия, существование которой подтверждено также термическими методами анализа. Определены температурные зависимости параметров решеток моноклинной фазы a-Ga2S3 (Cc) и гексагональной слоистой фазы b-GaS (P63/mmc), причем показано, что параметр c последней существенно зависит от температуры вследствие увеличения ван-дер-ваальсовой щели. ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, проект 18-33-00900-мол-а. ЛИТЕРАТУРА Kogler M., Kock E. M., Klotzer B., Penner S. Phys. Chem. – Amer. Chem. Soc., 2016, vol. 120, iss. 39, pp. 22443–22454. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b07234 Lokshin E. P., Sidneva T. A. prikl. chim. [Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry], 2006, vol. 79, iss. 8, pp. 1220–1224. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1070427206080027 Xu M., Liang T., Shi M., Chen H. Rev., 2013, vol. 113, pp. 3766–3798. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr300263a Zhang M. J., Jiang X. M., Zhou L. J., Guo G. C. Mater. Chem., vol. C1, 2013. pp. 4754–4760. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3tc30808a Parthé E. Elements of Inorganic Structural Chemistry. Wien, 1990, 144 p. Pardo M., Tomas A., Guittard M. Res. Bull., 1987, vol. 22, pp. 1677–1684. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(87)90011-0 Pardo M. P., Guittard M., Chilouet A. Pardo M. P., Guittard M., Chilouet A. Solid State Chem., 1993, vol. 102, pp. 423–433. https://doi.org/10.1006/jssc.1993.1054 Ormont B. F. Vvedenie v physicheskuyu chimiyu i cristallochimiyu poluprovodnikov [Introduction to Physical Chemistry and Crystal Chemistry of Semiconductors]. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1982, 528 p. (in Russ.) Berezin S. S., Zavrazhnov A. Yu., Naumov A. V. , Nekrylov I. N., Brezhnev N. Yu. Condensed Matter and Interphases, 2017, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 321–335. URL: https://journals.vsu.ru/kcmf/article/view/208/26 (in Russ.) Zavrazhnov A., Berezin S., Kosyakov A., Naumov A., Berezina, Brezhnev N. J. Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2018, vol. 134, iss. 1, pp. 483–492. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7124-z Nolze G., Kraus W. Powder Diffraction, 1998, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 256–259. Holland J. B., Redfern S. A. T. J. Appl. Cryst., 1997, vol. 30, p. 84. https://doi.org/10.1107/s0021889896011673 Goodyear J., Steigmann G. A. Acta Crystallogr., 1963, vol. 16, pp. 946–949. https://doi.org/10.1107/s0365110x63002565 Kuhn A., Bourdon A., Rigoult J., Rimsky A. Rev. B, 1982, v. 25, iss. 6, pp. 4081 – 4088. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.25.4081 Hahn H., Klingler W. Anorg. Allgem. Chemie, 1949, vol. 259, pp. 135–142. https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19492590111 Webster J. Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, 1999, pp. 147–158. https://doi.org/10.1002/047134608x Pardo M.P., Guittard M., Chilouet A. Pardo M.P., Guittard M., Chilouet A. Solid State Chem., 1993, vol. 102, pp. 423–433. https://doi.org/10.1006/jssc.1993.1054 Webster J. Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, 1999, pp. 147–158. https://doi.org/10.1002/047134608x Berezin S. S., Berezina V., Zavrazhnov A. Yu. Inorganic Materials, 2013, vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 555–563.https://doi.org/10.1134/s0020168513060010 Streetman G. Solid State Electronic Devices, Pearson, 2016, 621 p.

Statin therapy is well established for prevention of cardiovascular disease. Statins may also reduce postoperative mortality and morbidity via a pleiotropic (non-lipid-lowering) effect. The authors conducted a meta-analysis to determine the influence of statin treatment on adverse postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac, vascular, or noncardiovascular surgery. Two independent authors abstracted data from 12 retrospective and 3 prospective trials (n = 223,010 patients). A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the overall effect of preoperative statin therapy on postoperative outcomes. Preoperative statin therapy was associated with 38% and 59% reduction in the risk of mortality after cardiac (1.9% vs. 3.1%; P = 0.0001) and vascular (1.7% vs. 6.1%; P = 0.0001) surgery, respectively. When including noncardiac surgery, a 44% reduction in mortality (2.2% vs. 3.2%; P = 0.0001) was observed. Preoperative statin therapy may reduce postoperative mortality in patients undergoing surgical procedures. However, the statin associated effects on postoperative cardiovascular morbidity are too variable to draw any conclusion.

Detailed morphological characteristics of the populations of Coronella austriaca on the northern border of its range, in the Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod regions, are presented. L.corp. of males and females reaches 543 mm and 601 mm, respectively. Ventr. is 166–175 and 175–189, respectively, Scd. Is 50–59 and 32–56, Lab. left/right is usually 7/7 (89.7%), Sublab. is 9/9 (72.4%), respectively. A high incidence of asymmetry (44.4%) was noted for Temp. I and II rows; of 23 combinations, the most common is the symmetric one 2+3/2+3 (25.9%). L.corp./L.cd. limits overlap in 3.1% of underyearlings and yearlings, and in 1.8% of adults. Same-sex individuals statistically significantly differ in their meristic characteristics within the studied regions: the females from a locality near the Chucha river differ from the rest ones in Scd. and Sublab.left., males differ in Scd. and Ventr.+Scd.; males also significantly differ in their metric characteristics L.corp., L.cd., L.total.

Background: Severe acute malnutrition remains one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Knowing the local burden of SAM has huge importance for public health interventions. Therefore this study aimed to assess the level of severe acute malnutrition and feeding practice of children aged 6–59 months in Abaa’la district, Afar, Northeast, Ethiopia. Methods: Community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 mother-child pairs of children aged 6–59 months. Kebeles were selected randomly after stratifying the district in to urban and rural, and study participants were selected using a cluster sampling technique. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, and child nutritional status was measured using WHO Mid upper arm circumference measuring tape. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 22 for analysis. The result was presented using Descriptive statistics. Results: The prevalence of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) was found to be 4.3% (95% CI, 2.3-6.1%) and that of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) was 21.1 %. Almost all (98.8%) of children were ever breastfed. Prelacteal feeding and bottle feeding was practiced by 31% and 33.9% of children, respectively. Only 68.5% of children were feed colostrum. Around 45.5% of children were exclusively breastfed for the first six months, and 70.4% of children wean breastfeeding before the age of two years. Conclusion: The prevalence of severe acute malnutrition in the study area was lower than the regional figures, but still, it is a public health priority. There are improper child care and feeding practices. Therefore, public health interventions that can improve those practices should be strengthened.

Aims: To determine the detection rate of cervical lesion by cervical Pap test and to see the ongoing trend of Pap testing in the hospital. Methods: The retrospective study was conducted in department of pathology, Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal from 2016 to 2018. Pap testing sample received in the department were included in the study. All the data were retrieved from computers and registers at record section and histopathology unit. Results: There were 5.49% (1688 out of 30725) and 6.12% (1779 out of 29062) of gynecology out-patients had Pap test in first and second year respectively. Epithelial cells abnormalities were seen in 6.1% (104) and 4.83% (86) in first and second year respectively. Cervical biopsy sample in first year and second year had precancer and cancerous lesion in 29.55% (94 out of 318) and 22.01% (59 out of 268) in second year. Conclusions: Epithelial abnormalities seen in Pap test could detect quite a good proportion of abnormal cervical lesion in biopsy specimen of cervix.

Abstract Background Prevention interventions for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are currently limited to non-pharmaceutical strategies. Observational and laboratory data suggested that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) had biologic activity against SARS-CoV-2. A blinded trial of HCQ in persons with confirmed exposure and virologic and clinical endpoints is needed. Methods We conducted a national, householdrandomized, double-blind, controlled trial of HCQ post-exposure prophylaxis, with entirely remote study procedures. We enrolled close contacts exposed to persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the past 96 hours. Participants were randomized to either HCQ (400 mg daily for three days followed by 200 mg daily for eleven days) or ascorbic acid (500 mg followed by 250 mg daily), as a placebo-equivalent control. Participants self-collected mid-turbinate swabs daily (days 1–14) for SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing. The primary outcome was PCR-confirmed, incident SARS-CoV-2 infection among persons SARS-CoV-2 negative at enrollment. Symptoms were assessed using criteria from the US CDC. Results From March-August 2020, 623 households were randomized; 311 households (381 participants) to the HCQ group and 312 households (400 participants) to the control group. Ninety- one percent of participants were retained up to day 14 and 9,595 of 10,588 (91%) of swabs were tested. Among participants who were SARS-CoV-2 negative at baseline (n=626/781, 80%), the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 was 14.5% (95% CI: 11.6–17.4) and the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 symptoms was 11.6% (95% CI: 8.9–14.2) at day 14. By day 14, there was no difference between the HCQ group and control group in SARS-CoV-2 acquisition (46 vs. 43 events, aHR= 0.99, 95% CI 0.64–1.52, p=0.95) or symptomatic disease (40 vs. 32 events, aHR= 1.23, 95% CI: 0.76–1.99, p=0.40). The adverse event frequency was similar between groups (59 [15.5%] participants in the HCQ and 45 [11.3%] in the control group, p=0.092). Cumulative incidence of RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection among close contacts of diagnosed cases, by study group Conclusion This randomized, double-blind, controlled trial among persons with recent exposure and high incidence of SAR-CoV2 provides strong evidence that HCQ post-exposure prophylaxis did not prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection or modify clinical disease. Disclosures Anna Bershteyn, PhD, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant/Research Support)Gates Ventures (Consultant)National Institutes of Health (Grant/Research Support) Kristopher M. Paolino, MD, MTM&H, Nothing to disclose Raphael J. Landovitz, MD, MSc, Gilead (Advisor or Review Panel member)Merck (Advisor or Review Panel member)Roche (Other Financial or Material Support, Speaker Honoraria) Anna Wald, MD, MPH, Aicuris (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Consultant; Gilead (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Consultant; GlaxoSmithKline (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Scientific Research Study Investigator; Merck (Individual(s) Involved: Self): DSMB participation; provision of vaccine for a study, Other Financial or Material Support; Sanofi (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Scientific Research Study Investigator; X-Vax (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Consultant Helen Y. Chu, MD MPH, Cepheid (Grant/Research Support)Ellume (Grant/Research Support)Glaxo Smith Kline (Consultant)Merck (Consultant)Sanofi-Pasteur (Grant/Research Support)

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ademol for oxidative stress in the brain of rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Materials and methods. In 260 male-rats weighing 160-180 g, the preclinical efficacy of ademol was studied against the background of the actual developed TBI model. Several groups of animals were formed: pseudo-operated (TBI + 0.9 % NaCl intravenously), control pathology (TBI + 0.9 % NaCl intravenously), TBI + ademol 2 mg/kg intravenously, comparison drug (TBI + amantadine sulfate). The experimental model was induced by the action of a stream of carbon dioxide under pressure using a gas-balloon air pistol “Baikal MR-654K”, evaluated only severe trauma (the air pistol hole is close to the center of the trepanation hole in rats). Ademol (Ademol-Darnytsia, Ukraine) was administered in several doses to determine the conditionally effective dose, and the reference drug amantadine sulfate (PC-Merz, Switzerland) was administered slowly with infusomate for 2 h after 12 h for 8 days, 60 min after injury. Biochemical processes in traumatically damaged brain (in homogenates and postnuclear supernatant) were studied on the 8th day, oxidative stress parameters were evaluated by the content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) by reaction with thiobarbituric acid, carbonyl groups of proteins (CGP) – by reaction with dinitrophenylhydrazine, activity of antioxidant enzymes – by reaction with superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPO) and catalase. Statistical processing was performed according to StatPlus programs, by parametric and nonparametric criteria, the differences were considered significant at p<0.05. Results and discussion. Hyperactivation of free radical oxidation of biomembrane lipids is registered in the brain structures of injured rats. In the group of pseudooperated animals, the median content of the secondary metabolite of lipoperoxidation MDA in the brain was 13.2 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 12.8-14.2) μmol/g of dry tissue. In the control pathology group, the MDA index is 2.28 times (p<0.05) higher than in pseudooperated animals, the median is 30.8 (95 % CI 28.6-33.3) μmol/g of dry tissue. The use of the studied drugs reduces the activation of lipid peroxidation processes in brain tissues. Ademol had the most active influence. In the group of animals treated with this drug, the content of MDA in the brain was lower by 58.3 % (p<0.05) than in the control pathology group, the median was 14.6 (95 % CI 12.6-15.5) μmol/g of dry tissue. Amantadine sulfate was inferior to ademol: the content of MDA in the brain was lower by 48.4 % (p<0.05), the median was 16.1 (95 % CI 14.9-16.7) μmol/g of dry tissue. The development of TBI was associated with the activation of oxidative modification of CGP. In pseudooperated animals, the median content of CGP in the brain was 4.73 (95 % CI 4.29-5.01) μmol/g of dry tissue, the level of CGP is 1.77 times higher (p<0.05) in control pathology group. The active preventive drug was ademol: the content of CGP in the brain decreased by 40.1 % (p<0,05) than in animals of the control pathology group, the median was 4.90 (95 % CI 4.62-5.54) μmol/g of dry cloth. Amantadine was slightly inferior to ademol in this effect: the content of CGP in the brain was lower by 39.1 % (p<0.05), against control pathology, the median was 4.99 (95 % CI 4.65-5.59) μmol/g of dry cloth. Oxidative stress occurred against the background of decreasing the rate of inactivation of the superoxide anion radical: the median activity with the participation of SOD in the brains of pseudooperated animals was 2.68 (95 % CI 2.23-3.05) um. od/mg protein; there was also a decrease in the activity of SOD in the brain by 51.7 % (p<0.05) in the control pathology group, the median activity of the enzyme was 1.31 (95 % CI 0.97-1.57) um. od/mg protein. Pharmacotherapy prevented a drop in the reaction rate of SOD: on the background of ademol, it was 105 % higher than the control pathology group, the median of its activity was 2.69 (95 % CI 2.17-3.16) um. od/mg protein. Amantadine sulfate was slightly inferior to ademol: the activity of SOD in the brain was less by 101 %, the median of its activity was 2.53 (95 % CI 2.09-3.11) um. od/mg of protein. TBI is also accompanied by inhibition of hydrogen peroxide inactivation by the enzymes GPO and catalase: a decrease in brain tissues activity of GPO by 55.3 % and catalase by 53.0 %. When corrected with ademol, the activity of GPO in brain was higher by 70.9 %, as well as the activity of catalase – by 89.5 % (ranged from 6.39 to 7.45 μcatal/mg protein), against levels in the control pathology group. Amantadine sulfate contributed to an increase in the activity of GPO by 44.5 % (from 55.5 to 61.2 μmol/min per 1 mg of protein), an increase in catalase – by 79.0 % (from 6.21 to 6.75 μcatal/mg of protein) than indicators in the control pathology group. Conclusions. The use of ademol in rats with TBI contributes to the probable restraint of oxidative stress: reducing the prooxidative effect of trauma and activation of antioxidant enzymes.

The treatment of breast cancer with tamoxifen results in an increased risk of uterine cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between tamoxifen use and the risk of developing uterine sarcomas and endometrial carcinomas in a historical cohort of women diagnosed with breast cancer in 1987–1988. The medical records of all women diagnosed in Israel with breast cancer in the years 1987–1988 were sought. Clinical data, including use of hormone therapy, were extracted from oncology records. In 2004, patient identifiers were linked to the Israel Cancer Registry database to identify all uterine cancers that occurred within 15 years of the diagnosis of breast cancer. The records for 1507 breast cancer cases (84%) were retrieved. Among these cases, 32 uterine malignancies were identified; 11 occurred prior to the diagnosis of breast cancer and 21 occurred during the follow-up period. Eight hundred seventy-five women in the cohort had used tamoxifen (59%). There were 17 uterine cancers observed among the 875 exposed to tamoxifen (1.9%), compared to 4 uterine cancers among the 621 women (0.6%) who did not use tamoxifen (odds ratio = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.0–9.1; P = 0.04). There were four uterine sarcomas among the tamoxifen users, but none among nonusers (P = 0.15). Five of the 875 tamoxifen users (0.6%) died of uterine cancer, compared to no deaths among nonusers (P = 0.08). We conclude that in this national breast cancer cohort, tamoxifen use was associated with elevated risks of uterine cancer incidence and mortality. Uterine sarcomas appear to be overrepresented among women who use tamoxifen.

Introduction: Infections with human oncoviruses such as high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are globally prevalent in the adult population. Both viruses are strongly associated with several types of human carcinomas such as cervical, head and neck, nasopharyngeal and gastric. In the present study, we explored the prevalence of these two oncoviruses in the healthy population of Qatar. Methods: The study included 385 healthy blood donors that reflect diverse nationalities in the Qatari community (Qatar, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Pakistan, and India). DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood and genotyping was done using PCR and nested-PCR targeting E6 and E7 as well as LMP1 genes of HPVs and EBV, respectively. Results: The age of participants (378 males and 7 females) ranged between 19 and 68 years (mean 37.12 ± 9.3 years). Our data indicate that 55% and 61% of the tested samples were HPVs and EBV positive, respectively. Moreover, we found that there was (40%) co-presence of both HPVs and EBV in our samples. The most common high-risk HPV types in Qatar included HPV 59 (55%), 31 (54%), 52 (49%), 51 (49%), 58 (47%) and 35 (46%). While, HPV 16 and 18 were detected in 38% and 36% of the samples, respectively. Notably, all samples showed multiple HPVs infections. Conclusion: Our study reveals for the first time a high prevalence of both EBV and HPVs among healthy individuals in Qatar. More significantly, most cases had multiple HPV types infection in addition to the co-presence of both viruses in a substantial proportion of the samples. Given the important possible cooperative role of these viruses in human carcinogenesis, preventive measures using available and upcoming vaccines are of paramount importance.

AMI is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in modern society Conventional treatment has no benefic effect on the size of infarct, alteration of left ventricular (LV) function and mortality. Intravenous (IV) thrombolysis reduces in hospital mortality by 23 % if infused within 3 hours of ischemia, 47 % if within 1 hour. It reduces the size of infarct by 51 % if reperfusion occurs within 1 hour of ischemia, 31 % if between 1 and 2 hours and 13 % if between 2 and 4 hours. The preservation of LV function is of 28 to 42%. These benefic effects, thanks to IV thrombolysis, can be obtained only if reperfusion occurs within 3 or 4 hours of ischemia. Unfortunately, a french prospective study “ENIM 84” estimates that the mean delay between onset of chest pain and arrival at hospital is 10,3 hours.Goals of the study were to show that “at home” thrombolysis: 1) is a feasible and a safe technique, 2) is responsible of a significant saving of time, 3) preserves LV function according to the precocity of treatment.Two groups of patients (pts) are compared : group A : 62 pts had “at home” thrombolysis by a trained medical staff aboard a mobile emergency care unit. Group B : 53 pts had thrombolysis at arrival at CCU. Protocol is simular in both groups : An IV infusion of 1 5 M iu of streptokinase over 45 to 60 min after an IV bolus of 100 mg Hydrocortisone. Criteriae and contra-indications are those usually used for thrombolysis. Radionuclide angiography was performed 4 days and 1 month after AMI to evaluate global and regional ejection fraction (EF). Only 1 hemorrhagic complication (a mild melaena) and 2 reversible ventricular fibrillations were reported. Reperfusion arrythmias were frequent (55 %) but do not need treatment. The number of candidates for thrombolysis is then increased. The saving of time is 73 min. Difference between the 4 days and 1 month EF is not significant in pts with conventional treatment or if reperfusion occurs after 4 hours of ischemia 48 ± 11 % vs 51 ± 13 %.But it is significant if before 4 hours 49 ± 11 % vs 56 ± 12 % and highly significant if before 2 hours 48 ± 12 % vs 59 ± 10 %.

Purpose: Many high performance and especially top athletes are still at risk or suffer from total fatigue. Therefore, sports science seeks to develop an objective, sensitive and reliable method of early diagnosis of this fatigue (e.g. heart rate variability – HRV as a modern ob-jective method). The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the HRV monitoring could be a complementary diagnostic tool for overreaching / overtraining in young athletes. Already introduced “classical” indicators of HRV, such as spectral performance and its density in the established frequency ranges, are a part of athlete monitoring in the scope of overreaching prevention We were monitoring the heart rate variability parameters at three different phases of the year-long training cycle and to find out whether in one of these phases we could find athletes showing symptoms of overreaching. Methods: 48 young athletes (33 boys 14.8 ± 1.5 years, 15 girls 14.9 ± 1.7 years) were involved in the study, consisting of 38 boys and 10 girls. There were 15 swimmers (with training volume 9x 1.5‒2 hours a week), 12 artistic gymnasts (with training volume 9x 2‒2.5 hours a week) and 21 badminton players (with training volume 4x weekly 1.5‒2 hours a week). Monitoring was carried out in athletes in three training periods: at the end of the transition period, at the end of the prepared period, at the end of the competition period. Measurements were carried out in the morning. The DiANS PF8 system was used to measure the heart rate variability, the measurements were performed at five-minute intervals: lying-standing-lying. Time and spectral parameters of HRV were monitored. Results: Results of HRV in three periods (HR + rMSSD in lying). Boys: HR (61 ± 8, 64 ± 7, 64 ± 8), rMSSD (85 ± 64; 80 ± 54; 88 ± 59), TS (-0.56 ± 1.53; -0.87 ± 1.4; -0.42 ± 1.44). Girls: HR (65 ± 8; 64 ± 7; 65 ± 8), rMSSD (74 ± 37; 79 ± 35; 83 ± 43), TS (-0.58 ± 1.57; -0.72 ± 1.35); -0.18 ± 0.18). Statistically significant differences (at the significance level = 0.05) among sports were found in Kruskal-Walls ANOVAby Ranks: boys in LF-standing, HF standing, FV, SVB and TS; girls in HF-lying, HF-standing, rMSSD, TP-lying, TP-standing, FV, VA and TS. Conclusion: Monitoring of heart rate variability seems to be a practical tool for prevention of overtraining even in young age. To monitor heart rate variability, we recommend monitoring these parameters: RR, rMSSD, VA, SVB, TS.

A 59 year-old white male with a life long history of severe bleeding following trauma or surgical procedures was documented to have a combined factor V and factor Vlll-C deficiency. His baseline factor V ranged between 16% - 30% and factor VIII-C was between 20% - 30%. His APTT ranged between 50 - 56 seconds (21-31 N) with a prothrombin time activity between 33% - 40% of normal ( ≥ 70% N). Factor II, Vll/X, X, IX, XI, XII, template bleeding time and platelet function studies were normal. There was no severe factor XIII deficiency. Since the response of these patients to DDAVP is unknown and the patient was admitted with a large hematoma in the subolecranon bursa, DDAVP was infused in a dose of 0.5 μ g/kg body weight over 15 minutes. The baseline factor VIIl-C of 20% rose to 55% at 5 minutes after termination of DDAVP and to 62% and 66% at 3 and 6 hours respectively. The factor VIII-C level dropped to 45% and 36% at 12 and 24 hours respectively after a single dose of DDAVP. As measured by a sensitive 125I-fibrin assay, this dose of DDAVP caused a net rise in plasminogen activator activity of 2.43 CTA U/ml.The patient had worn an inguinal truss for approximately 20 years for two large oblique inguinal hernias, one of which entended to the level of the mid-thigh. Pre and peri-operative management of the right inguinal herniorrhaphy consisted of DDAVP in a dose of 0.5 μg/kg Q 12 hourly for two doses, FFP at 9 ml/kg Q 12 hourly for three doses, and Amicar for 48 hours starting post-operatively. This regimen maintained the factor VIIl-C at ∼ 50% with factor V between 44% - 50% for a period of three days. On the 4th postoperative day a left inguinal herniorrhaphy was accomplished with DDAVP and FFP (dosage similar to previous) administered Q 12 hourly for three doses, then once in the next 24 hours, and Amicar for three days. A 4 cm wound hematoma noted on the first day of the second surgical procedure was evacuated, and was due to the presence of a bleeder since Vlll-C and V levels were higher than the values indicated on the first procedure. No red cell transfusions were given; fluids were restricted to 600 ml per day for 24 hours after the last dose of DDAVP. Successful bilateral inguinal herniorrhaphies without significant hemorrhages was achieved with exposure to a minimal volume of blood products.