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1
Frohmaier, C., M. Sullivan, P. E. Nugent, M. Smith, G. Dimitriadis, J. S. Bloom, S. B. Cenko, et al. "The volumetric rate of normal type Ia supernovae in the local Universe discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 486, no. 2 (March 19, 2019): 2308–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz807.
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Abstract We present the volumetric rate of normal type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF). Using strict data-quality cuts, and considering only periods when the PTF maintained a regular cadence, PTF discovered 90 SNe Ia at z ≤ 0.09 in a well-controlled sample over three years of operation (2010–2012). We use this to calculate the volumetric rate of SN Ia events by comparing this sample to simulations of hundreds of millions of SN Ia light curves produced in statistically representative realizations of the PTF survey. This quantifies the recovery efficiency of each PTF SN Ia event, and thus the relative weighting of each event. From this, the volumetric SN Ia rate was found to be $r_\mathrm{ v}=2.43\pm 0.29\, \text{(stat)}_{-0.19}^{+0.33}\text{(sys)}\times 10^{-5}\, \rm{SNe\,yr}^{-1}\, \text{Mpc}^{-3}\, h_{70}^{3}$. This represents the most precise local measurement of the SN Ia rate. We fit a simple SN Ia delay-time distribution model, ∝ t−β, to our PTF rate measurement combined with a literature sample of rate measurements from surveys at higher redshifts. We find β ∼ 1, consistent with a progenitor channel governed by the gravitational inspiral of binary white dwarfs.
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Seidel, Danila, Oliver Cornely, Dorothee Arenz, Jacques Meis, Jörg Vehreschild, Jon Salmanton-Garcia, Marouan Zarrouk, et al. "2268. Clinical Implications of Azole-Resistant vs. Azole-Susceptible Invasive Aspergillosis in Hematological Malignancy (CLARITY): A Multicenter Study." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1946.
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Abstract Background In recent years, survival of patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA) has improved mainly due to availability of extended spectrum triazoles. These advances are jeopardized by the emergence of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus, the most common causative pathogen of IA. Despite several studies suggesting high probability of azole treatment failure in patients with azole-resistant isolates, the clinical implications of azole-resistant IA compared with azole-susceptible IA remain unclear. Methods In patients with hematological malignancies, cases of proven or probable IA (EORTC/MSG 2008) caused by A. fumigatus are registered. Retrospective data are documented, comprising demographics, diagnosis, treatment, response and outcome. Participating sites provided susceptibility results or isolates. Provided isolates were analyzed in a central laboratory. Results Since January 2018, 51 sites in 15 countries worldwide enrolled 154 cases diagnosed with IA between 2010 and 2019, of which 23 (14.9%) had azole-resistant IA. Of 44 cases, the respective clinical fungal isolate was analyzed in the central laboratory. A mixed fungal infection was reported for 34 patients (22.1%), 1 (2.9%) in the azole-resistant group; most were related to non-fumigatus Aspergillus species (n = 12, 35.3%) and non-Aspergillus molds (n = 10, 29.4). Most patients were male (n = 98, 63.6%); 19 (82.6%) in the azole-resistant group, 79 (60.3%) in the azole-susceptible group. Age was documented in categories instead of the exact age. Median age group was 50–69 years in both groups (ranging from 7–11 to 70–89 years for azole-resistant cases, 1–12 months to 70–89 years for azole-susceptible cases). Underlying disease and survival are shown in the table. Conclusion A worldwide network of investigators contributes to the CLARITY registry study. Completion of recruitment and subsequent data analysis are planned for 2019. Further sites may be added if azole-resistant cases are encountered. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Craig, D. M., J. H. Galla, D. N. Bonduris, and R. G. Luke. "Importance of the kidney in the correction of chloride-depletion alkalosis in the rat." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 250, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): F54—F57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1986.250.1.f54.
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Correction of chloride-depletion alkalosis (CDA) may involve renal as well as extrarenal mechanisms. To determine the relative contribution of these mechanisms in a rat model of CDA produced by peritoneal dialysis (PD), we studied six groups of anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats after PD. Groups II-IV and IIa were subjected to functional bilateral nephrectomy, and groups I and Ia were sham-operated. Groups I, Ia, II, and IIa were infused with isotonic fluid containing 70 mM Cl- and 40 mM HCO3-; the infusate in group III was 140 mM Cl- and in group IV, 70 mM neutral PO4 was substituted for Cl-. Groups I and Ia were infused at 0.5 ml . h-1 X 100 g body wt-1 and groups II, IIa, III, and IV at 0.25 ml . h-1 X 100 g-1. After 3 h of infusion, early partial correction with reciprocal changes in plasma Cl (+6.1 +/- 1.9 mmHg) and total CO2 (-6.0 +/- 0.8 meq/liter) occurred (P less than 0.01) only in group I. Hypokalemia (3.1 +/- 0.1 meq/liter) also occurred only in group I. The responses of groups Ia and IIa studied at 5 h were similar to those of groups I and II. These data suggest that the kidney, and not extrarenal mechanisms, is primarily responsible for the correction of CDA during infusion of chloride.
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Kieran, Emily A., Anne O’Sullivan, Jan Miletin, Anne R. Twomey, Susan J. Knowles, and Colm Patrick Finbarr O’Donnell. "2% chlorhexidine–70% isopropyl alcohol versus 10% povidone–iodine for insertion site cleaning before central line insertion in preterm infants: a randomised trial." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 103, no. 2 (October 26, 2017): F101—F106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2016-312193.
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ObjectiveTo determine whether 2% chlorhexidine gluconate–70% isopropyl alcohol (CHX–IA) is superior to 10% aqueous povidone–iodine (PI) in preventing catheter-related blood stream infection (CR-BSI) when used to clean insertion sites before placing central venous catheters (CVCs) in preterm infants.DesignRandomised controlled trial.SettingTwo neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).PatientsInfants <31 weeks’ gestation who had a CVC inserted.InterventionsInsertion site was cleaned with CHX–IA or PI. Caregivers were not masked to group assignment.Main outcome measuresPrimary outcome was CR-BSI determined by one microbiologist who was masked to group assignment. Secondary outcomes included skin reactions to study solution and thyroid dysfunction.ResultsWe enrolled 304 infants (CHX–IA 148 vs PI 156) in whom 815 CVCs (CHX–IA 384 vs PI 431) were inserted and remained in situ for 3078 (CHX–IA 1465 vs PI 1613) days. We found no differences between the groups in the proportion of infants with CR-BSI (CHX–IA 7% vs PI 5%, p=0.631), the proportion of CVCs complicated by CR-BSI or the rate of CR-BSI per 1000 catheter days. Skin reaction rates were low (<1% CVC insertion episodes) and not different between the groups. More infants in the PI group had raised thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and were treated with thyroxine (CHX–IA 0% vs PI 5%, p=0.003).ConclusionsWe did not find a difference in the rate of CR-BSI between preterm infants treated with CHX–IA and PI, and more infants treated with PI had thyroid dysfunction. However, our study was not adequately powered to detect a difference in our primary outcome and a larger trial is required to confirm our findings.Trial registrationThis study was registered with the EU clinical trials register before the first patient was enrolled (Eudract 2011-002962-19). (https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu)
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Kim, Kyungsuk, and Sanghun Lee. "Intradermal Acupuncture Along with Analgesics for Pain Control in Advanced Cancer Cases: A Pilot, Randomized, Patient-Assessor-Blinded, Controlled Trial." Integrative Cancer Therapies 17, no. 4 (July 16, 2018): 1137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534735418786797.
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Purpose: Ninety percent of patients with advanced cancer have moderate to severe pain, and up to 70% of patients with cancer pain do not receive adequate pain relief. This randomized controlled clinical trial was designed to determine the feasibility and evaluate the effects and safety of intradermal acupuncture (IA) in patients who were being administered analgesics for cancer pain. Methods: Advanced cancer patients experiencing pain were randomly assigned to IA or sham IA treatment for 3 weeks (15 patients for each group), wherein the CV12, bilateral ST25, LI4, LR3, PC06, and Ashi points were selected and stimulated. Follow-up evaluations were conducted 3 weeks after the end of treatments. The grade and dosage of analgesics for cancer pain, pain intensity, quality of life, and safety were assessed. Results: Twenty-seven patients (90%) completed 6-week trial, and no serious adverse events were associated with either IA or sham IA procedures except the transient side effect such as fatigue. Nine patients in the IA group (64.3%) and 5 in the sham IA group (38.5%) responded to the 3-week intervention. These patients were mostly in the nonopioid and the weak opioid levels of the World Health Organization analgesic ladder. Self-reported pain declined by −1.54 ± 1.45 and −1.15 ± 1.57 in the IA and sham IA groups, respectively, with improved quality of life reported. Conclusions: IA treatment appears feasible and safe for advanced cancer patients. It might reduce analgesic usage in the early World Health Organization analgesic ladder stage cancer patient, though it could not show significant outcome differences due to design limitation of sham IA.
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Smith, Cardinale B., and Juan P. Wisnivesky. "Survival following segmentectomy and lobectomy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 7064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.7064.
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7064 Background: Although lobectomy is considered the standard surgical treatment forstage IA non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), limited resections are frequently performed for patients with poor lung function or high operative risk. Recent studies suggest that segmentectomy may be the superior limited resection procedure. The objective of this study was to compare survival among patients with stage IA (≤3cm) NSCLC undergoing lobectomy vs. segmentectomy. Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry we identified 15,180 cases of stage IA NSCLC that underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy. We used logistic regression to determine propensity scores for patients undergoing segmentectomy based on the patient’s preoperative characteristics. Overall and lung cancer-specific survival of patients treated with lobectomy versus segmentectomy was compared after adjusting, stratifying, or matching patients based on their propensity score. We also performed secondary analyses in subgroups of age (≤70 vs. >70 years) and tumor size ≤2 cm. Results: Overall, 1,200 (8%) patients underwent segmentectomy. Among the entire cohort, analyses adjusting for propensity scores did not demonstrate a difference in outcomes among patients treated with lobectomy versus segmentectomy, (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] for overall survival 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94 – 1.30 and lung cancer-specific survival 1.11, 95% CI: 0.98 – 1.25). Similarly, secondary analyses showed no difference in overall (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.90 – 1.40) and lung cancer-specific survival (HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.88 – 1.24) among patients with tumors ≤2 cm (T1a tumors). For patients ≤70 years of age, no difference in overall survival was observed (HR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.73 – 1.28); however, a lung cancer-specific survival advantage of lobectomy was observed (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.00 – 1.40). Finally, among those >70 years overall survival (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.87 – 1.22) and lung cancer-specific survival (HR: 1.18, 95% CI: 0. 97 – 1.44) showed equivalence of the two surgical groups. Conclusions: Segmentectomy and lobectomy may lead to equivalent survival rates among patients with stage IA NSCLC. These study findings should be confirmed in prospective studies.
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Alberto, Maria. "Queerbaiting and Fandom: Teasing Fans through Homoerotic Possibilities, Joseph Brennan (ed.) (2019)." Australasian Journal of Popular Culture 9, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 280–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ajpc_00033_5.
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Mordini, Nicola, Benedetto Bruno, Alessandro Busca, Roberto Sorasio, Mario Boccadoro, Eugenio Gallo, Andrea Gallamini, and Daniele Mattei. "Incidence of Invasive Aspergillosis in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients: An Italian Prospectic Multicenter Study." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 5057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.5057.5057.
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Abstract Between January 2003 and June 2004, every consecutive patient admitted for HSCT in three institutions was monitored for circulating galactomannan (GM) with Platelia Aspergillus assay (Bio-Rad) twice weekly from admittance until day 100, and then once weekly until day 365. Following fever occurence or GM optical density index increase (+ve cut-off value was >0.7), screening with weekly chest HR CT scan was started. Diagnosis of IA was made according to the EORTC/MSG criteria. 74 patients were analyzed, and 100 entered by now in the present study. Clinical characteristics of the patients are reported in table 1. We observed 10 cases of probable IA and 2 cases of possible IA. IA occurred before day 40 in 3 patients (median, day 13 after HSCT), between day 40 and day 180 in 8 cases (median, day 109 after HSCT), and after day 180 in 1 patient. Among the probable IA group of patients, 7/10 had GVHD, 6/10 were given steroids, and 3/10 had fever. Two consecutive positive GM test results were observed in the sera of 6/10 patients, GM was detected in BAL only in 3/10 cases and 1 patient had GM detected only in a SNC fluid. Chest CT scan was diagnostic in 8/10 cases, and in another patient CNS RMN scan shown lesions consistent with IA. All patients were lymphopenic at the time of IA diagnosis with an absolute count <450 mm^3, and only 1 patient was neutropenic. 3/10 patients had CMV reactivation during the IA episode and 4/10 had CMV reactivation in the 100 days following IA diagnosis. Cumulative incidence of IA after day 60 was 8,1%, overall incidence of IA was 16.2%, and probability of developing IA reached 24% at 1year after HSCT. Cumulative incidence of IA in the RIC group was 12.3%.6/12 patients died of IA, with a median survival of 24 days (range 1–83). IA accounted for 37.5% (6/16) of all deaths and for 55% of non-relapse deaths. 1-year survival in the IA group was 22% and 80% in non-IA group. Bimodal incidence distribution of IA after HSCT was confirmed, 25% of IA cases were diagnosed early (< day 40) after HSCT, 67% were diagnosed between day 40 and day 180, and an additional 8% developed after day 180. We confirm the role of GVHD and lymphopenia as important risk factors during the late post-transplantation periods. The relatively high incidence of IA could be a consequence of the increase of IA in recent years and of diagnostic improvement (GM+HR CT scan). We recommend the use of serial screening for GM after day 100 in patients lymphopenic or with GVHD. We need new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for HSCT patients as IA accounts still for an unacceptable high portion of non-relapse deaths. Clinical characteristics of patients Patients 71 Disease Multiple myeloma 27 (38%) Myelodisplastic syndrome 8 (11.3%) Acute myeloid leukemia 9 (12.7%) Chronic myeloid leukemia 6 (8.5%) Hodgkin’s disease 5 (7%) Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma 8 (11.3%) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia 4 (5.6%) Chronic lymphatic leukemia 2 (2.8%) Aplastic anemia 1 (1.4%) Renal cell carcinoma 1 (1.4%) Mean age years (range) 48.8% (20–70) HSCT 74* HLA id RIC 52 (70.3%) MUD RIC 5 (6.8%) HLA id conventional 10 (13.5%) Syngeneic conventional 1 (1.3%) MUD conventional 5 (6.8%) MUD conventional UCB 1 (1.3%) Stem cell source PBSC 64 (86.5%) BM 9 (12.2%) UCB 1 (1.3%) Follow up days Median 214 Min 48 Max 595 GVHD Acute 53/74 (71%) Chronic 36/51 (70%) Chronic extensive 14/36 (39%) *Second transplant 3 patients
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Thurlow, P. J., L. Kerrigan, R. A. Harris, and I. F. McKenzie. "Analysis of human bone marrow with monoclonal antibodies." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 33, no. 12 (December 1985): 1183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/33.12.2415573.
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In order to study the antigenic phenotype of different hemopoietic cells, we used a series of monoclonal antibodies to investigate normal bone marrow in a standard immunofluorescence assay. The antibodies detected the following antigens: HLA-ABC, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), HLA-DR (Ia), a lymphocyte subset and specific antigen (T and B) HuLy-m2, m3, T lymphocyte antigen (HuLy-m1), lymphocyte T200 antigen (HuLy-m4), a viral-associated antigen (HuLy-m5), and platelet-specific glycoproteins IIb-IIIa (HuPl-m1). The following results were obtained: (a) normoblasts were weakly HLA-ABC+, beta 2m+ and Ia-; all other lymphocyte and platelet antigens were not detected. (b) Myeloid cells at all stages of differentiation (promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, and neutrophils) were HLA-ABC+; beta 2m+; HuLy-m1-, m2-, m3+/- (20%), m4+, m5+/- (20%); HuPl-m1-; in addition, promyelocytes and myelocytes were Ia+ but neutrophils and metamyelocytes were Ia-. (c) Lymphocytes were HLA-ABC+, beta 2m+, Ia+/- (20-30%), HuLy-m1+/- (40-50%), m2+/- (60-70%), m3+, m4+, m5+; Pl-m1-. (d) Platelets and megakaryocytes were HLA-ABC+; beta 2m+; Ia-; HuLy-m1+-, m2-, m3-, m4-, m5-, HuPl-m1+, and the putative "megakaryocyte precursors" were HuPl-m1+, Ia-, HuLy-m1-. The different cell types in bone marrow could readily be distinguished, particularly cells of the myeloid series (Ia and HuLy-m4, m5), lymphocytes (Ia and HuLy-m1, m2, m3), and platelets and their precursor cells (HuPl-m1). This simple method of defining cellular phenotypes in bone marrow has demonstrated the practicality of using monoclonal antibodies to identify marrow cells and should be of diagnostic value.
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Jiang, Hui Yu, Mei Hua Zhou, and Ding Pan. "Synthesis of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyacrylonitrile (UHMWPAN) by Aqueous Suspension Polymerization." Advanced Materials Research 1120-1121 (July 2015): 615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1120-1121.615.
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Acrylonitrile (AN) and itaconic acid (IA) were used to synthesize UHMWPAN by aqueous suspension method with 2,2’-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator and polyvinylalcohol (PVA) as the disperser at different temperatures (55°C~75°C) for different timings (1.0h~3.0h). The usage amounts of AN, IA, AIBN and PVA were also technical polymerization parameters used to obtain the optimal polymerization process. We found that the conversion and the viscosity average molecular weight both achieved the optimum levels when the conditions were as follows: the total monomer concentration (21wt%), the monomer ratio (AN: IA=98:2), the usage amount of the initiator (AIBN, 0.01wt%), the usage amount of the disperser (PVA, 0.1wt%), the polymerization temperature (70°C) and the polymerization time (2h).
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Hu, Weiwei, Hui Gong, Lanqi Li, Shiguo Chen, and Xingqian Ye. "Ultrasound Treatment on Stability of Total and Individual Anthocyanin Extraction from Blueberry Pomace: Optimization and Comparison." Molecules 24, no. 14 (July 18, 2019): 2621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24142621.
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Blueberry pomace is abundant in anthocyanins. This work characterized the anthocyanins in blueberry pomace, discussed the stability of anthocyanins under ultrasound treatment, and compared the extraction conditions for different anthocyanin compositions. Thirteen anthocyanins were identified, and malvidin-3-galactoside (18.56%), which represented the most abundant anthocyanin, was selected as the individual analyte. The general linear model univariate analysis revealed that ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) resulted in higher recoveries of both total anthocyanins (TA) and individual anthocyanins (IA) when compared with conventional solvent extraction. The optimized extraction conditions for TA and IA were UAE in pure methanol (12.49 mg/g dry weight) at 25 °C for 30 min and UAE in 70% ethanol (3.57 mg/g dry weight) at 40 °C for 40 min, respectively. Moreover, IA was more vulnerable to degradation compared with TA. Therefore, a specific extraction process of IA is significant for monomer preparation, and harsh conditions should be avoided in UAE.
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Dichtl, Karl, Johannes Forster, Steffen Ormanns, Heidi Horns, Sebastian Suerbaum, Ulrich Seybold, and Johannes Wagener. "Comparison of β-D-Glucan and Galactomannan in Serum for Detection of Invasive Aspergillosis: Retrospective Analysis with Focus on Early Diagnosis." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 4 (October 28, 2020): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6040253.
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The early diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis (IA) relies mainly on computed tomography imaging and testing for fungal biomarkers such as galactomannan (GM). We compared an established ELISA for the detection of GM with a turbidimetric assay for detection of the panfungal biomarker β-D-glucan (BDG) for early diagnosis of IA. A total of 226 serum specimens from 47 proven and seven probable IA cases were analysed. Sensitivity was calculated for samples obtained closest to the day of IA-diagnosis (d0). Additional analyses were performed by including samples obtained during the presumed course of disease. Most IA cases involved the respiratory system (63%), and Aspergillus fumigatus was the most frequently isolated species (59%). For proven cases, sensitivity of BDG/GM analysis was 57%/40%. Including all samples dating from –6 to +1 weeks from d0 increased sensitivities to 74%/51%. Sensitivity of BDG testing was as high as or higher than GM testing for all subgroups and time intervals analysed. BDG testing was less specific (90–93%) than GM testing (99–100%). Combining BDG and GM testing resulted in sensitivity/specificity of 70%/91%. Often, BDG testing was positive before GM testing. Our study backs the use of BDG for diagnosis of suspected IA. We suggest combining BDG and GM to improve the overall sensitivity.
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Chen, Y. H., H. Hisa, K. J. Radke, J. L. Izzo, C. D. Sladek, and M. L. Blair. "Adrenergic control of renin in euhydrated and water-deprived conscious dogs." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 255, no. 6 (December 1, 1988): E793—E800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1988.255.6.e793.
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These experiments evaluated the relative contributions of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors to control of plasma renin activity (PRA) in conscious dogs in which PRA was elevated to two- and threefold basal levels by the orthostatic stress of passive quadruped standing and by 24-h water deprivation. All dogs were uninephrectomized and surgically prepared with chronically indwelling catheters in the aorta, vena cava, and remaining renal artery at least 10 days before experiments. Simultaneous direct renal arterial (ia) infusion of phenoxybenzamine and propranolol decreased PRA by 50% in euhydrated standing dogs and by 70% in dehydrated standing dogs without changing mean arterial pressure or heart rate. In euhydrated dogs, both ia phenoxybenzamine alone and ia propranolol alone significantly decreased PRA, but the effect of propranolol was greater than that of phenoxybenzamine. In dehydrated dogs, ia infusion of phenoxybenzamine alone did not significantly decrease PRA, whereas propranolol alone decreased PRA to nearly the same extent as combined ia alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blockade. The majority of the adrenergically mediated component of PRA observed during orthostatic stress and dehydration in conscious dogs is therefore mediated by beta-adrenoceptors. However, PRA was similarly reduced whether propranolol was infused ia or intravenously. Thus the site of action of propranolol (intrarenal vs. extrarenal) could not be identified by these experiments.
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Stahl, Benjamin E., WeiKang Zheng, Thomas de Jaeger, Thomas G. Brink, Alexei V. Filippenko, Jeffrey M. Silverman, S. Bradley Cenko, et al. "Berkeley supernova Ia program: data release of 637 spectra from 247 Type Ia supernovae." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492, no. 3 (January 14, 2020): 4325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa102.
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ABSTRACT We present 637 low-redshift optical spectra collected by the Berkeley Supernova Ia Program (BSNIP) between 2009 and 2018, almost entirely with the Kast double spectrograph on the Shane 3 m telescope at Lick Observatory. We describe our automated spectral classification scheme and arrive at a final set of 626 spectra (of 242 objects) that are unambiguously classified as belonging to Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Of these, 70 spectra of 30 objects are classified as spectroscopically peculiar (i.e. not matching the spectral signatures of ‘normal’ SNe Ia) and 79 SNe Ia (covered by 328 spectra) have complementary photometric coverage. The median SN in our final set has one epoch of spectroscopy, has a redshift of 0.0208 (with a low of 0.0007 and high of 0.1921), and is first observed spectroscopically 1.1 d after maximum light. The constituent spectra are of high quality, with a median signal-to-noise ratio of 31.8 pixel−1, and have broad wavelength coverage, with $\sim\! 95{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ covering at least 3700–9800 Å. We analyse our data set, focusing on quantitative measurements (e.g. velocities, pseudo-equivalent widths) of the evolution of prominent spectral features in the available early-time and late-time spectra. The data are available to the community, and we encourage future studies to incorporate our spectra in their analyses.
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Nakano, S., S. Wakisaka, T. Yoneyama, and H. Kawano. "Reperfusion Therapy for Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Trunk Occlusion." Interventional Neuroradiology 10, no. 1_suppl (March 2004): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15910199040100s110.
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The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that direct percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) might reduce the incidence of haemorrhagic complications and might improve recanalization rate and clinical outcome as compared with intra-arterial (IA) thrombolysis in patients with acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) trunk occlusion. A total of 70 patients with acute MCA trunk occlusion were treated with IA reperfusion therapy. Thirty-six patients were treated with IA thrombolysis alone. In the other 34 patients, direct PTA was selected as the first choice of the treatment and subsequent thrombolysis was added if necessary for distal embolization. The modified Rankin scale (mRS) was used to assess clinical outcome at 90 days. As compared with IA thrombolysis, direct PTA provided significant increase in the rates of partial or complete recanalization (63.9 vs 91.2%, p< 0.01) and decrease in the incidence of large parenchymal hematoma with neurological deterioration (19.4% vs 2.9%, p = 0.03). Despite such favorable effects, direct PTA did not improve the rate of a favorable outcome (mRS score 0 or 1, 41.7% for the IA thrombolysis group vs 52.9% for the PTA group, p= 0.48). However, outcome classified in terms of independence (mRS score ≤ 2) was significantly better in the PTA group (73.5%) than the IA thrombolysis group (50.0%, p = 0.04). In patients with acute MCA trunk occlusion, as compared with IA thrombolysis, direct PTA improved recanalization rate and reduced serious haemorrhagic complications, resulting in a significant increase in independent patients.
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Montiel-Olguín, Luis Javier, Eliab Estrada-Cortés, Mario Alfredo Espinosa-Martínez, Miguel Mellado, Josafath Omar Hernández-Vélez, Guillermina Martínez-Trejo, Laura Hérnández-Andrade, et al. "Factores de riesgo a nivel de establo asociados con el desempeño reproductivo en el sistema de producción de leche a pequeña escala en México." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 10, no. 3 (September 11, 2019): 676–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v10i3.4825.
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La rentabilidad de los establos lecheros está fuertemente asociada con el desempeño reproductivo. Por lo tanto, la identificación de factores de riesgo que comprometen este desempeño es primordial para implementar estrategias que mejoren la productividad. En este estudio, se probaron los efectos del uso de inseminación artificial (IA), hatos grandes y seroprevalencia alta de enfermedades infecciosas reproductivas sobre el desempeño reproductivo. Se incluyeron al estudio 52 establos (10-100 vacas; 959 lactaciones) registrando eventos reproductivos durante 18 meses (partos 2011-2012). Las seroprevalencias de neosporosis, rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina (IBR) y diarrea viral bovina (BVD) se registraron en cada establo. Se utilizaron análisis de regresión logística múltiples para determinar el grado de asociación (razón de momios, OR) entre factores potenciales de riesgo y variables reproductivas. Establos ≥33 vacas y seroprevalencia alta de neosporosis fueron factores de riesgo para Asistencia al Parto (OR 1.5 y 2.3, respectivamente). Seroprevalencias altas de IBR y BVD fueron factores de riesgo para Días a Primer Servicio>70 Días en Leche (DPS>70, OR 1.3 y 1.9, respectivamente). La IA fue un factor de riesgo común para DPS>70 y Días Abiertos>110 Días en Leche (OR 2.4 y 1.3, respectivamente). Establos ≥33 vacas fue un factor de riesgo para Vacas No Gestantes al Primer Servicio (OR 1.7). En conclusión, la IA, establos ≥33 vacas y seroprevalencias altas de neosporosis, IBR y BVD son factores asociados al desempeño reproductivo en establos de producción de leche a pequeña escala en varias regiones geográficas de México.
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Makris, Georgios-Marios, Georgia Manousopoulou, Marco-Johannes Battista, Ioannis Salloum, Georgios Chrelias, and Charalampos Chrelias. "Synchronous Endometrial and Ovarian Carcinoma: A Case Series." Case Reports in Oncology 10, no. 2 (August 9, 2017): 732–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000479501.
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Synchronous ovarian and endometrial cancer (SEOC) is a rare instance but it accounts for 50–70% of all synchronous female genital tract tumors. We report three cases of women who were diagnosed with SEOC and underwent surgical staging. All cases were of the endometrioid subtype, grade 1, both in the ovarian and endometrial component. Two of them were stage Ia/Ia, and the third was stage Ib/Ib. More than 2 years after the diagnosis, all patients were alive and recurrence-free. The present report critically discusses the main characteristics, risk factors, and management of patients with SEOCs.
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Giles, Francis J., Hagop M. Kantarjian, Jorge E. Cortes, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Srdan Verstovsek, Stefan Faderl, Deborah A. Thomas, et al. "Adaptive Randomized Study of Idarubicin and Cytarabine Versus Troxacitabine and Cytarabine Versus Troxacitabine and Idarubicin in Untreated Patients 50 Years or Older With Adverse Karyotype Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Journal of Clinical Oncology 21, no. 9 (May 1, 2003): 1722–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2003.11.016.
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Purpose: Troxacitabine has activity in refractory myeloid leukemia, either as a single agent or when combined with cytarabine (ara-C) or with idarubicin. A prospective, randomized study was conducted in patients aged 50 years or older with untreated, adverse karyotype, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to assess troxacitabine-based regimes as induction therapy. Patients and Methods: Patients were randomized to receive idarubicin and ara-C (IA) versus troxacitabine and ara-C (TA) versus troxacitabine and idarubicin (TI). A Bayesian design was used to adaptively randomly assign patients to treatment. Thus, although there was initially an equal chance for randomization to IA, TA, or TI, treatment arms with a higher success rate progressively received a greater proportion of patients. Results: Thirty-four patients were treated. Randomization to TI stopped after five patients and randomization to TA stopped after 11 patients. Defining success as complete remission (CR) that occurred within 49 days of starting treatment, success rates were 55% (10 of 18 patients) with IA, 27% (three of 11 patients) with TA, and 0% (zero of five patients) with TI. Because three CRs occurred after day 49, final CR rates were 55% (10 of 18 patients) with IA, 45% (five of 11 patients) with TA, and 20% (one of five patients) with TI. The probability that TA was inferior to IA was 70%, with a 5% probability that TA would have a 20% higher CR rate than IA. Survival was equivalent with all three regimens. Conclusion: Neither troxacitabine combination was superior to IA in elderly patients with previously untreated adverse karyotype AML.
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Flores, Luciano Auri dos Santos, Ivo Wentz, Fernando Pandolfo Bortolozzo, Guilherme Borchardt Neto, Rogério Francisco Balestrim, Giuliano Gava, and Rafael Kummer. "Comparação entre diferentes métodos de inseminação artificial em suínos." Ciência Rural 34, no. 4 (August 2004): 1169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782004000400031.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar três métodos de inseminação artificial(IA) no suíno em relação ao tempo de infusão e perdas por refluxo da DI durante a IA e aos 120 minutos após a IA, bem como dados de operacionalidade medido pelo grau de dificuldade verificado para execução da IA e dados de desempenho reprodutivo. Foram utilizadas 604 matrizes até a parição 7 e IDE < 7 dias. As fêmeas foram inseminadas em 3 tratamentos: T1= método auto IA com pipetas longas lameladas (Supertip®), sêmen acondicionado em flexitubos® e aparato de IA constituído por uma cinta abdominal e uma mala dorsal; T2= método intermediário, pipetas Supertip®, flexitubos® e sem aparato de IA; T3= método tradicional, pipetas tipo Melrose, sêmen acondicionado em bisnagas e sem aparato de IA, onde o tempo de IA ficou atrelado ao desempenho do funcionário. O tempo médio de IA foi diferente (P<0,02) entre os três tratamentos (1,7±1,6; 2,2±1,8 e 3,6±1,1 minutos para T1, T2 e T3 respectivamente). Em uma parte dos animais (108 fêmeas distribuídas nos 3 tratamentos) foram coletados os refluxos até 120 minutos transcorridos das IAs por meio de uma bolsa de colostomia fixada na vulva . O volume de refluxo durante a IA foi maior (P<0,02) em T1 (7,7±13,5mL) quando comparado a T3 (5,8±10,8mL). Não foram verificadas diferenças entre os tratamentos no número de espermatozóides eliminados por refluxo até 120 minutos após a IA. Independentemente do tratamento, em torno de 70% do volume e 30% do total de espermatozóides contidos na DI foram eliminados por refluxo em até duas horas após a IA. Na avaliação do grau de dificuldade, foi verificado que, no T1= 85,6%, no T2= 92,9 e no T3= 97,7% das fêmeas tiveram suas inseminações concluídas com até uma intervenção (P<0,05 entre todos os tratamentos). Com relação as taxas de retornos ao estro, taxa de parto ajustada e número de leitões nascidos não foram observadas diferenças entre os tratamentos (P>0,05). As taxas de retorno ao estro foram 10,3, 7,4 e 8,5 %, a taxa de parto ajustada foi de 90,8, 94,0 e 91,7% com 10,9, 11,1 e 11,1 leitões nascidos totais em T1, T2 e T3, respectivamente. O método auto IA e o método intermediário proporcionam IAs mais rápidas e podem substituir o método tradicional sem prejuízos ao desempenho reprodutivo.
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Rigault, M., V. Brinnel, G. Aldering, P. Antilogus, C. Aragon, S. Bailey, C. Baltay, et al. "Strong dependence of Type Ia supernova standardization on the local specific star formation rate." Astronomy & Astrophysics 644 (December 2020): A176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730404.
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As part of an on-going effort to identify, understand and correct for astrophysics biases in the standardization of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) for cosmology, we have statistically classified a large sample of nearby SNe Ia into those that are located in predominantly younger or older environments. This classification is based on the specific star formation rate measured within a projected distance of 1 kpc from each SN location (LsSFR). This is an important refinement compared to using the local star formation rate directly, as it provides a normalization for relative numbers of available SN progenitors and is more robust against extinction by dust. We find that the SNe Ia in predominantly younger environments are ΔY = 0.163 ± 0.029 mag (5.7σ) fainter than those in predominantly older environments after conventional light-curve standardization. This is the strongest standardized SN Ia brightness systematic connected to the host-galaxy environment measured to date. The well-established step in standardized brightnesses between SNe Ia in hosts with lower or higher total stellar masses is smaller, at ΔM = 0.119 ± 0.032 mag (4.5σ), for the same set of SNe Ia. When fit simultaneously, the environment-age offset remains very significant, with ΔY = 0.129 ± 0.032 mag (4.0σ), while the global stellar mass step is reduced to ΔM = 0.064 ± 0.029 mag (2.2σ). Thus, approximately 70% of the variance from the stellar mass step is due to an underlying dependence on environment-based progenitor age. Also, we verify that using the local star formation rate alone is not as powerful as LsSFR at sorting SNe Ia into brighter and fainter subsets. Standardization that only uses the SNe Ia in younger environments reduces the total dispersion from 0.142 ± 0.008 mag to 0.120 ± 0.010 mag. We show that as environment-ages evolve with redshift, a strong bias, especially on the measurement of the derivative of the dark energy equation of state, can develop. Fortunately, data that measure and correct for this effect using our local specific star formation rate indicator, are likely to be available for many next-generation SN Ia cosmology experiments.
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Salmeron, Géraldine, Raphaël Porcher, Anne Bergeron, Marie Robin, Regis Peffault de Latour, Vanderson Rocha, Anna D. Petropoulou, et al. "Major Improvement of Invasive Aspergillosis Outcome Is Not Enough to Improve Overall Survival In Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: Results From a Single-Center Retrospective Analysis." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.1244.1244.
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Abstract Abstract 1244 Background. Voriconazole (V) treatment has been shown to improve the 12 week (W) survival rate of hematological patients (pts) with invasive aspergillosis (IA), including recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT). We investigated whether this early survival advantage could translate into a significant increase in overall survival. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive pts who received a transplant between Sept. 1997 and Dec. 2008 at Saint-Louis Hospital and were diagnosed as having IA. The temporal origin of the study was the date of IA diagnosis for each patient. Factors associated with survival were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models. Separate models were estimated for survival up to 12 W and for survival between 12 W and 24 months (M) in pts surviving longer than 12 W. The deaths of pts with and without IA were analyzed with a competing risk framework. Cumulative incidence curves were compared using Gray's tests. Results. Our study examined 89 IA pts. The median follow-up was 70 M (range, 11–130 M). Two pts did not receive any antifungal treatment and were excluded from subsequent analyses. Of the 87 pts, 42 received first-line V and 45 primarily received a lipid formulation of amphotericin B (n=25), amphotericin B deoxycholate (n=10), caspofungin (n=8) or itraconazole (n=2). The primary characteristics of pts with IA and their causes of death, separated by V as first-line treatment, are shown in the table below. The median survival was 2.6 M, and the overall survival at 24 M was 19% (95% CI 12–30 M) (see figure). Overall, the survival rates of the two groups were significantly different (P= 0.010). However, the differences in survival were quite dramatic prior to 10 M, whereas both survival curves became very close after one year. At 18 M, the numbers of surviving pts were almost identical in the two groups [19% (95% CI: 11–34%) in pts who did not receive V as first-line treatment vs. 21% (95% CI 11–38%) in pts who did]. Pts who did not receive V as a first-line treatment displayed a higher probability of dying from IA than those who did (P=0.004), whereas opposite results were found for mortality in pts without IA (P=0.006). The 24-M cumulative incidence of death from IA was 47% (95% CI 31–61%) in the no V group and 19% (95% CI 9–33%) in the group treated with V. The 24-M cumulative incidence of death in pts without IA was 4% (95% CI 7–14%) in the no V group and 27% (95% CI 14–42%) in pts treated with V. The probability of death from another cause, with IA, was similar in both groups (29% vs. 36% at 24 M; P=0.46). After adjusting for donor type, conditioning regimen, progressive GVHD at diagnosis of IA and cumulated steroid dose (mg/kg) in the W preceding IA diagnosis, administration of V as first-line treatment was found to decrease the risk of death during the first 12 W by approximately 70% [HR=0.31 (95% CI 0.16–0.60); P=0.0005]. Conversely, analysis of mortality between 12 W and 24 M failed to identify any significant predictor of risk of death; however, only 24 pts died during this period. Conclusions. The finding that first-line treatment with V, which is associated with a tremendous improvement in IA outcome, does not translate into an increase in overall survival (even in the context of early diagnosis) is striking. Diagnosis of IA following HSCT, whatever the outcome, appears to be a strong marker for poor long-term prognosis. Disclosures: Bergeron: Pfizer: Speakers Bureau, none; Merck: Speakers Bureau, none; Schering: Speakers Bureau, none. Sulahian:Pfizer: Research Funding, non; Merck: Research Funding, none. Ribaud:Pfizer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau, none; Schering: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau, none; Gilead: Speakers Bureau, none.
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Ortega-Riosvelasco, F., M. Espriu, A. Reyes-López, J. Reséndiz-Sánchez, and M. Avilés-Robles. "#25: Survival and Risk Factors Associated with Mortality due to Invasive Aspergillosis in Pediatric Oncology Patients in Mexico City." Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society 10, Supplement_1 (March 1, 2021): S22—S23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaa170.072.
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Abstract Background Invasive Aspergillosis (IA) has been reported as the most frequent life-threatening opportunist mold infectious disease in immunocompromised subjects, mainly in oncology patients Its incidence has been increasing over the years, with a reported mortality from 35% to 70%. Risk factor for IA mortality has been poorly described in middle-income settings. We aimed to identify risk factors associated with IA mortality and to report the survival in a middle-income setting. Methods Case–control study at Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez (HIMFG) in Mexico City from January 2004 to April 2017. We identified patients <18 years old with cancer and diagnosis of proven or probable IA, according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) criteria. Neutropenia, chemotherapy, use of steroids, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), graft vs. host disease (GVHD) and disseminated disease (defined as the affection of 2 or more sites) were compared between surviving and deceased patients with IA. Fisher exact test or Student’s t-test were performed to identify independent risk factors for IA-related mortality, and a binary logistic regression model was used. Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to calculate survival rates at days 30 and 90 after IA diagnosis. Results Seventy-four IA events in 72 patients were identified. The mean age was 8.4 years, 63% were male. 89% of IA presented in hematologic malignances, being ALL the most frequent diagnosis in 54% of cases; 8.1% (6) were in HSCT patients (5 allogeneic HSCT). Of the 74 IA, 42% and 58% were classified as proven and probable AI respectively. Localized disease (76%) was more frequent than disseminated. Lungs were the most frequent sites of primary infection (84%) but an unusual site of infections, such as heart, pericardium, pulmonary artery, bowel, skin, and spleen, were reported by histopathology. Aspergillus flavus was the most frequent species isolated (42%) followed by A. fumigatus (27%). Voriconazol was first line of therapy in 95% of cases, while combined therapy was used during the course of infections in 53% of cases. The disseminated disease was an independent risk factor associated with IA mortality (OR 4.2 95% CI, 1.5 – 15.2, P = 0.007). Overall mortality was 64%; however, directed IA-related mortality was 35%. On day 30 and day 90 after IA diagnosis, overall survival was 66% and 32%, respectively. Two IA were diagnosed post mortem. IA-related mortality was 67% in HSCT (P = 0.009). All HSCT patients which death was associated with IA presented GVHD. Conclusions In our population, IA-related mortality (35%) was similar to that reported globally, nevertheless IA-related mortality in HSCT was high (67%). Disseminated disease and neutropenia were identified as risk factors for mortality due to IA. Efforts should be made to early identification of IA and prompt start of antifungal treatment, to reduce the incidence and consequences of disseminated disease.
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VISHWAKARMA, RAM GOPAL. "DO RECENT SUPERNOVAE Ia OBSERVATIONS TEND TO RULE OUT ALL THE COSMOLOGIES?" International Journal of Modern Physics D 16, no. 10 (October 2007): 1641–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271807011036.
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Dark energy and the accelerated expansion of the universe have been the direct predictions of the distant supernovae Ia observations which are also supported, indirectly, by the observations of the CMB anisotropies, gravitational lensing and the studies of galaxy clusters. Today these results are accommodated in what has become the concordance cosmology: a universe with flat spatial sections t = constant with about 70% of its energy in the form of Einstein's cosmological constant Λ and about 25% in the form of dark matter (made of perhaps weakly-interacting massive particles). Though the composition is weird, the theory has shown remarkable successes at many fronts. However, we find that as more and more supernovae Ia are observed, more accurately and towards higher redshift, the probability that the data are well-explained by the cosmological models decreases alarmingly, finally ruling out the concordance model at more than 95% confidence level. This raises doubts against the "standard candle"-hypothesis of the supernovae Ia and their use in constraining the cosmological models. We need a better understanding of the entire SN Ia phenomenon in order to extract cosmological consequences from them.
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Genovese, S., E. Bazzigaluppi, D. Gonçalves, A. Ciucci, M. G. Cavallo, F. Purrello, M. Anello, et al. "Clinical phenotype and β-cell autoimmunity in Italian patients with adult-onset diabetes." European Journal of Endocrinology 154, no. 3 (March 2006): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.1.02115.
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Objective: To characterize the phenotype of a large population of Italian patients with adult onset (≥40 years) diabetes who were attending outpatient clinics and who were screened for glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies (GADA), protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2A) and IA-2β/phogrin (IA-2βA). Design and methods: This was a cross-sectional study comprising a total of 881 patients, aged ≤ 70 years, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes after the age of 40 years, and consecutively recruited in five clinics located in different geographic areas of Italy (Milan, Florence, Rome, Naples and Catania). Their mean disease duration was 8.1 (6.9; s.d.) years. GADA, IA-2A and IA-2βA were measured with radiobinding assays with in vitro translated S-methionine-labelled glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) or IA-2 or IA-2β. Anthropometric and clinical data were collected and compared amongst patients with or without autoantibodies. Results: Sixty-three (7.1%) patients had one or more autoantibodies, 58 (6.6%) had GADA, 22 (2.5%) had IA-2A, six (0.7%) had IA-2βA and 19 (2.15%) had two or more autoantibodies. IA-2A or IA-2βA, in the absence of GADA, were found in only five patients. Autoantibody-positive patients were more often female (63.5 vs 36.5%; P < 0.009), had higher glycated haemoglobin (Hb A1c) (P < 0.001), lower body mass index (BMI; P < 0.0005) and waist/hip ratio (WHR; P < 0.01); female gender being the main contributor to BMI and WHR. We did not observe any differences in age at diagnosis or duration of disease with respect to the presence or absence of islet autoantibodies. The proportion of patients on insulin therapy was higher in patients with two or more antibodies, compared with those with one antibody only, and no antibodies (P for trend < 0.001), and among patients with GADA, in those with higher antibody titre (73.9% in those with > 10 units vs 42.0% in those with ≤ 10 units; P < 0.007). Conclusions: Patients with adult onset diabetes characterized by autoimmunity to β-cells showed a clinical phenotype with anthropometric features that differed from those classically observed in patients with type 2 diabetes. The number and titre of autoantibodies, which reflect the severity of autoimmunity and β-cell impairment, amplified this difference. The usefulness of autoantibody screening in adult-onset diabetes is further emphasized by these findings.
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Misidawati, Dwi Novaria, Ratna Nurdiana, Siti Aniqoh Shofwani, and Ahmad Hariyadi. "Media Video untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Mata Kuliah Managemen Pemasaran di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 pada Mahasiswa Prodi Ekonomi Syariah IAIN Pekalongan." Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA 7, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v7i2.1018.
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Penggunaan media dalam pembelajaran managemen pemasaran adalah salah satu penyebab kurangnya minat dan rendahnya prestasi belajar mahasiswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran mata kuliah managemen pemasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat dan prestasi belajar mata kuliah managemen pemasaran melalui media video pada mahasiswa kelas IA Prodi Ekonomi Syariah IAIN Pekalongan. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dengann subjek penelitian mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah managemen pemasaran kelas IA IAIN Pekalongan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Adapun hasil penelitian adalah penerapan media video dapat meningkatkan minat dan prestasi belajar mata kuliah managemen pada mahasiswa, terbukti rata-rata kelas pra siklus71. Pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 76 dan meningkat lagi pada siklus II menjadi 79(92,86% mahasiswa tuntas) dari KKM yang telah ditentukan yaitu 70 dengan indikator 75% mahasiswa tuntas. Sehingga bisa dikatakan penerapan media video dapat meningkatka prestasi belajar mata kuliah managemen pada mahasiswa kelas IA Prodi Ekonomi Syariah IAIN Pekalongan
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Zamani, Narges, Mitra Modares Gilani, Majid Mirmohammadkhani, Sharzad Sheikhhasani, Azamsadat Mousavi, Seyedeh Reyhaneh Yousefi Sharami, Setare Akhavan, Mohammad Hossein Zamani, and Elham Saffarieh. "The Utility of CA125 and HE4 in Patients Suffering From Endometrial Cancer." International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences 8, no. 1 (July 26, 2019): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2020.14.
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Objectives: Uterine endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common female reproductive system malignancy. There are various comments on pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy during the surgical staging of EC. Several oncologists believe that total lymphadenectomy, in some cases, may lead to operative morbidity without any considerable advantage over more surveillance, especially in patients with comorbidities. The purpose of the current study was to examine the correlation between serum tumor marker levels and stage, grade, histological type, myometrial invasion, and lymph node involvement in EC. Materials and Methods: A total of 131 patients with EC participated in the present cross-sectional study. Preoperative serum CA125 and HE4 levels were evaluated 1 week before surgery. Then, the stage, grade, and lymph node involvement were recorded according to the pathological findings. After Data analysis through SPSS software, P value<0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: One hundred thirty-one patients with EC (70, 31, 15, and 15 patients in sequence with stages IA, IB, II, and III) were analyzed. The serum CA125 and HE4 levels were significantly higher in more advanced stages (over IA), (P=0.016 and P=0.004, respectively). Levels of both tumor markers were significantly higher in patients with lymph node involvement, and cervical and myometrial invasions. In logistic regression analysis, a significant correlation was found between HE4 level (odds ratio [OR]=1.005, P=0.035) and grade of disease (OR=2.137, P=0.005). Conclusions: HE4 and CA125 are useful for predicting high-risk patients. Sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 60% were indicated at cut-off value of 70 pmol/L for HE4 in stage IA in comparison with stages over IA. Although the ideal cut-off which is defined as higher than 80% was not obtained, such a cut-off (60%) can also be considered for preoperative evaluation of surgical staging of EC.
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Johansen, J., and A. L. Kleinhaus. "Transient and delayed potassium currents in the Retzius cell of the leech, Macrobdella decora." Journal of Neurophysiology 56, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): 812–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1986.56.3.812.
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The properties of a quickly inactivating transient K current (IA) and a slowly inactivating delayed K current (IK) were investigated with two-electrode voltage-clamp techniques in the isolated soma of the Retzius cell of the leech, Macrobdella decora. The two currents could be pharmacologically separated according to their different sensitivities to tetraethylammonium ions (TEA) and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). IA was totally blocked by 3 mM 4-AP but not affected by 25 mM TEA. IK was suppressed almost completely by 25 mM TEA, whereas its peak amplitude only decreased by 10-15% in 3 mM 4-AP. IA was activated at membrane potentials more positive than -35 to -30 mV, whereas the threshold for IK was at more positive potentials of approximately -20 to -15 mV. The activation of IA was rapid with a voltage-dependent time constant [tau m(A)] that varied from 6 to 2 ms for command potentials between -20 and 10 mV (at 22-24 degrees C). The inactivation, which was independent of voltage, was somewhat slower with a time constant (tau A) of approximately 90-110 ms. The time constants for activation [tau m(K)] and the early inactivation phase (tau K) of IK were both voltage dependent. In the range of potential steps from 0 to 30 mV, tau m(K) varied from 12 to 4.5 ms and tau K from 1,500 to 700 ms. The steady-state inactivation of IA varied with holding potential and was complete at potentials more positive than -30 mV. IA was fully available from potentials more negative than -70 mV. IK did not show steady-state inactivation below its threshold of activation. The time course of IA during a maintained depolarization could be reasonably described by the expression IA(t) = IA(infinity) [1-exp(-t/tau m(A))]2 exp(-t/tau A). The time course of activation of IK without allowance for inactivation was approximated by the expression IK(t) = IK(infinity) [1-exp(-t/tau m(K))]2. The reversal potentials and magnitude of both IA and IK were dependent on extra-cellular K concentration, which suggest that a substantial part of the two currents was carried by K ions.
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Balland, C., F. Cellier-Holzem, C. Lidman, P. Astier, M. Betoule, R. G. Carlberg, A. Conley, et al. "The ESO’s VLT type Ia supernova spectral set of the final two years of SNLS." Astronomy & Astrophysics 614 (June 2018): A134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731924.
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Aims. We aim to present 70 spectra of 68 new high-redshift type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) measured at ESO’s VLT during the final two years of operation (2006–2008) of the Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS). This new sample complements the VLT three year spectral set. Altogether, these two data sets form the five year sample of SNLS SN Ia spectra measured at the VLT on which the final SNLS cosmological analysis will partly be based. In the redshift range considered, this sample is unique in terms of homogeneity and number of spectra. We use it to investigate the possibility of a spectral evolution of SNe Ia populations with redshift as well as SNe Ia spectral properties as a function of lightcurve fit parameters and the mass of the host-galaxy. Methods. Reduction and extraction are based on both IRAF standard tasks and our own reduction pipeline. Redshifts are estimated from host-galaxy lines whenever possible or alternatively from supernova features. We used the spectro-photometric SN Ia model SALT2 combined with a set of galaxy templates that model the host-galaxy contamination to assess the type Ia nature of the candidates. Results. We identify 68 new SNe Ia with redshift ranging from z = 0.207 to z = 0.98 for an average redshift of z = 0.62. Each spectrum is presented individually along with its best-fit SALT2 model. Adding this new sample to the three year VLT sample of SNLS, the final dataset contains 209 spectra corresponding to 192 SNe Ia identified at the VLT. We also publish the redshifts of other candidates (host galaxies or other transients) whose spectra were obtained at the same time as the spectra of live SNe Ia. This list provides a new redshift catalog useful for upcoming galaxy surveys. Using the full VLT SNe Ia sample, we build composite spectra around maximum light with cuts in color, the lightcurve shape parameter (“stretch”), host-galaxy mass and redshift. We find that high-z SNe Ia are bluer, brighter and have weaker intermediate mass element absorption lines than their low-z counterparts at a level consistent with what is expected from selection effects. We also find a flux excess in the range [3000–3400] Å for SNe Ia in low mass host-galaxies (M < 1010M⊙) or with locally blue U–V colors, and suggest that the UV flux (or local color) may be used in future cosmological studies as a third standardization parameter in addition to stretch and color.
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Frank, Bruna Regina Bratti, Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira Toso, Cláudia Silveira Viera, Ana Tereza Bittencourt Guimarães, and Sebastião Caldeira. "Avaliação da implementação da Rede Mãe Paranaense em três Regionais de Saúde do Paraná." Saúde em Debate 40, no. 109 (June 2016): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104201610913.
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RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi o de avaliar a implementação da Rede Mãe Paranaense em três Regionais de Saúde (RS) do Paraná: 9ª, 10ª e 17ª. A pesquisa avaliou a Rede nos anos anteriores (2010, 2011) e posteriores (2012, 2013) a sua implantação. Optou-se por coleta de dados documental, com formulário validado contemplando cinco domínios, cuja média resultou no Índice Avaliativo (IA), dos quais se considerou adequados valores acima de 70 e inadequados, abaixo desse valor. A 10ª RS apresentou o melhor IA após implantação da rede, seguida da 17ª, e a 9ª não atingiu valores adequados, mostrando necessidade de melhorar a estrutura da rede, principalmente em relação à qualificação dos profissionais quanto aos sistemas de informação.
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Stroka, J., and J. Seidler. "Immunoaffinity clean-up of mycotoxins with organic solvent-free elution." World Mycotoxin Journal 7, no. 2 (January 1, 2014): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2013.1661.
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A novel immunoaffinity (IA) clean-up procedure for the isolation of mycotoxins from maize extracts is described. Commonly, mycotoxins are eluted with organic solvents from IA columns after isolation. The new procedure uses water at 70 °C as alternative. The resulting eluate is suitable for direct and complete injection onto a reversed-phase liquid-chromatography column. Evaporation, reconstitution or dilution are not required. The procedure has been tested for a variety of mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol (DON) zearalenone, T-2 and HT-2 toxins, aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in an array of different matrices. The example of DON in maize is discussed in more detail and evaluated for repeatability (5%, n=10) and recovery (95%, n=10).
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Al Dhaheri, Fatima, Rose Lee, Mari M. Nakamura, and Francisco M. Marty. "269. Epidemiology and Outcomes of Invasive Aspergillosis (IA) Among Pediatric Immunocompromised Patients: A 12-Year, Single-Center Experience." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.344.
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Abstract Background IA remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised children, and our understanding regarding epidemiology and outcomes of IA are limited and based on adult studies. Methods We conducted a retrospective evaluation of cases of proven or probable IA according to the 2008 EORTC/MSG criteria cared for at Boston Children’s Hospital from 2007 to 2019. We collected data including demographics, clinical characteristics, diagnosis modality, antifungal treatment, and survival. Survival curves over one year were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and univariate and multivariate Cox modeling was used to evaluate for risk factors for mortality. Results 67 patient cases were identified, 20 (30%) with proven IA and 47 (70%) with probable IA. The mean age at diagnosis was 11.9 years (6 months–28 years). Underlying conditions included hematopoietic-cell transplantation (HCT) in 45%, cancer in 21%, and solid-organ transplantation in 18%. Pulmonary IA was the most common (70.1%) presentation. Diagnostic modalities included positive microbiology alone (18%), fungal PCR alone (1.5%), galactomannan alone (28%), and multiple modalities for the remaining cases (52.5%). 44.8% of patients were neutropenic at diagnosis and 78.5% of patients with malignancies were receiving chemotherapy. Immunosuppressive drugs included glucocorticoids in 34.3%, calcineurin inhibitors in 31.3%, and IMDH inhibitors in 25.3%. Voriconazole was the most common treatment used (72%). Twenty-two (33%) deaths occurred in the cohort attributable to IA (6 of which underwent autopsies and 4 had histopathological confirmation) Most deaths occurred in the BMT patients (15 patients, 45% of deaths). The 6 week mortality was 18% while the 12 week mortality was 25.4%. No antifungal or immunosuppressive regimen had a statistically significant impact on mortality. Conclusion We demonstrate in our >10-year retrospective cohort analysis of immunocompromised hosts that IA is associated with 49% all-cause mortality with particular impact on the BMT population. No protective nor harmful association was also noted with a particular antifungal or immunosuppressive regimen. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Malhotra, Mohak, Amarpreet Singh Ghura, and Barun Thakur. "InterGlobe Aviation Ltd.: need for strategy." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 11, no. 2 (May 17, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-07-2020-0280.
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Learning outcomes Discussion of the case will enable the students to: ● use “Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats” analysis. ● Use “pros and cons” analysis. ● Explain what constitutes an effective strategy. ● Analyze the quality of the strategy for IndiGo Airlines (IA). ● Explain sustained competitive advantage through value, rareness, imitability and organization framework. Case overview/synopsis This case describes a situation in which InterGlobe Aviation Ltd. (IGAL) has been experiencing multiple engine snags because of the faulty Pratt and Whitney engines. In a span of two years between June 2018 and January 2020, IGAL faced around 22 snags. IGAL is known to be one of the safest airlines in the world, the engine issue has tainted its reputation. In October 2019, in just one week IA faced four-engine snags, forcing the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) to come out with a guideline in November 2019. The faulty engines were to be replaced by January 31, 2020. If IA failed to complete the task by the given deadline then IA would have to ground around 70–80 aircraft. IA was way behind the deadline when on January 13, 2020, they received an email from DGCA mentioning an extension of the deadline to May 31, 2020. The purpose of this case is to provide an opportunity for the participants to take into consideration the data given for IA and make assumptions and resolve the dilemma through which Ronojoy Dutta (Dutta), the Chief executive officer if IA is going through. Complexity academic level The case engages the participants in deciding a suitable course of action for IA to develop a strategy and is ideal to teach elements of strategy. The case can be used in the following courses/programs: ● A strategy formulation module in strategic management program or post-graduate program in management. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only.
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Frangos, C. C., K. C. Fragkos, and A. N. Piperopoulou. "Playing violent games, internet café visits and degree of daily schedule disruption predict internet addiction in a sample of greek young internet café users." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71750-3.
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AimTo estimate the percentage and risk factors of Internet addiction (IA) at Greek Internet cafés.MethodsWe used a questionnaire including questions on demographics, Internet use duration, Internet applications and sites visited, degree of Internet use influence on daily schedule and social relations, psychosocial characteristics of users and Young's IA Test (48 items overall). Our randomly selected sample included Internet café users in Athens and other big Greek cities. The sample size was 686 people (74%/26% M/F) and 12%, 70% and 18% were between 7–14, 15–25 and 26–45 years old respectively.ResultsCronbach's alpha ranged from 0.79 to 0.90 for all 6 sections of our questionnaire. The prevalence of IA among Internet café visitors was 20.8% (16.0% men, 4.8% women). IA was significantly associated to Internet use duration per day, Internet Café visits number per week, number of hours playing at Internet cafés per visit, duration playing violent games (e.g. Counter-Strike, Quake, Assassin), duration visiting Facebook and MySpace, and degree of Internet use influence on daily schedule, social relations and psychological attitudes (p < 0.01). Binary logistic regression showed that significant predictive factors of IA were the length of time playing violent games [ORCounter-Strike = 23.6 (95% CI 1.2 − 40.1); ORAssassin = 10.9 (95% CI 1.5 − 43.2)], visiting Facebook [OR = 41.9 (95% CI 19.7 − 87.5)], and deterioration of social relations (p = 0.009).ConclusionIA is frequent in Internet cafés, possibly due to an online gaming addiction affecting multiple aspects of a person's life.
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EBERHARD, B. ANNE, NORMAN T. ILOWITE, and CRISTINA SISON. "A Dose Schedule for Intraarticular Steroids in Juvenile Arthritis: Table 1." Journal of Rheumatology 39, no. 2 (December 1, 2011): 374–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.110125.
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Objective.To determine whether the intraarticular (IA) dose of triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH) or triamcinolone acetonide (TA) influences time to relapse among patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).Methods.The primary endpoint variable was the time to relapse of arthritis in the affected joint after an intraarticular (IA) injection. A relapse was defined as the reoccurrence of active arthritis in the injected joint. Analysis was carried out including only the first IA joint injection for each patient. Further analysis was conducted including the first knee injection alone. A separate analysis within the IA corticosteroid groups was performed using the Spearman rank coefficient, to determine if dose of IA steroid affected time to relapse.Results.Records from 186 patients with JIA (145 females, 41 males) injected with either TH or TA were collected from January 1995 through December 2003. All subjects were followed for a minimum of 15 months from the time of IA injection. Of the 794 joint injections, 422 (53.1%) were injected with TH and 372 (46.9%) with TA. There were 111 first joint injections (all joints) with TH and 70 with TA. There were 89 first joint injections (knee only) with TH and 56 with TA. TH proved more effective than TA with respect to the time to relapse for first injection into all joints (10.47 ± 0.42 mo vs 8.66 ± 0.59 mo; p < 0.001), and for first injections into knee only (11.04 ± 0.44 vs 8.99 ± 0.65 mo; p < 0.001). IA doses ranged from 0.4 to 4 mg/kg (mean 1.56 ± 0.76) for TH and from 0.5 to 8 mg/kg (mean 2.54 ± 1.74) for TA. There was no correlation between time to relapse and dose of either TH and TA (r = 0.1, p > 0.5). There was no correlation between time to relapse and sex, duration of illness, age of patient, concurrent medications, or subtype of JIA.Conclusion.In a larger dataset (794 injections) we have confirmed our previous findings (227 injections) that TH is a more effective IA corticosteroid than TA. In this much larger data analysis, dose of IA corticosteroid in the range we studied did not significantly influence the duration of response.
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Popova, Marina O., Alisa G. Volkova, Soulaiman Elias Soulaiman, Olga N. Pinegina, Svetlana M. Ignatyeva, Tatyana S. Bogomolova, Anna G. Smirnova, et al. "Outcome of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Prior Invasive Aspergillosis." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 3123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3123.3123.
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Abstract Background : Introducing a new antifungals and diagnostic procedures has improved prognosis of the invasive aspergillosis (IA) in hematological patients. The number of patients with IA who are candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has increased. The influence of IA on survival and on allo-HSCT related complications has not been investigated in a prospective study. Aim: to estimate impact of prior proven and probable IA on outcome of allo-HSCT compared to patients without IA. Methods: In prospective observational single center study 362 allo-HSCT recipients (336 - first and 26 - second allo-HSCT) were included from Jan 2012 to Dec 2014. The median age was 34 y, males - 54%. Most of pts had high-risk acute leukemia (70%). Allo-HSCT with MUD were performed in 57%, MRD - 24%, haplo - 11%, MMUD - 8%, predominantly with RIC (80%). All patients with lesions in CT scan before allo-HSCT have undergone bronchoscopy with BAL microscopy, culture and GM test. EORTC/MSG 2008 criteria were used for the diagnosis of proven and probable IA as well as to evaluate response to therapy. "Active" invasive IA - IA diagnosed just before allo-HSCT. All patients were observed with the median 2 years follow up. We analyze status of pts before HSCT, donor types, source of HSCT, CMV status, conditioning regimens and type of immunosuppression, relapse or progression of IA, relapse of underlying disease, duration of antifungal therapy and prophylaxis, acute and chronic GvHD. The cumulative incidences were determined with cumulative incidence method. Differences between the two cohorts were verified with Gray test. Overall survival after allo-HSCT was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method and cohorts were compared by log-rank test. Results: Incidence of IA before allo-HSCT was 20% (n=72/362). According to EORTC/MSG 2008 criteria 92% of pts had probable IA and 8% - proven IA. The main sites of IA were lungs - 95%, central nervous system - 3%, and colon - 3%, other sites were observed in a combination with lungs involvement: sinuses - 5%, spleen - 3%, and liver - 3%. The median time from IA to allo-HSCT was 3 months (3 days - 30 months). Antifungal therapy before allo-HSCT was used in 69% pts (voriconazole - 95%, other - 5%) with the median duration of therapy - 2 months. Complete response to antifungal therapy was registered in 19 (26%) patients, partial response or stabilization - 31 (43%), and "active IA" - 22 (31%). After allo-HSCT all patients received antifungal therapy with voriconazole (first line - 31%, continuation of treatment - 43%, and secondary prophylaxis - 26%). Median length of treatment was 166 days (37 - 394) with the median duration to effect 99 days (31 - 217). No toxicity of the antifungal treatment was registered. Cumulative incidence of relapse or progression of IA at 2 year after allo-HSCT was 14% (n=10). "Active" underlying disease before D+100 post transplant was the only risk factor for the relapse or progression of IA after allo-HSCT (6% vs 33%, p=0,007). 100-days OS after allo-HSCT was 77%, 2-year OS after allo-HSCT was 62%. There was no significant difference in OS in patients with or without IA prior to allo-HSCT (57% vs 65%, p=0,3). Duration of antifungal therapy before HSCT (<90 days vs ≥90 days), status of IA at the moment of HSCT ("active" IA vs PR vs CR), relapse/progression of IA after HSCT was not affected on 2-year OS after allo-HSCT in patients with prior IA. Conclusions: Incidence of proven and probable invasive aspergillosis before allo-HSCT was 20%. Cumulative incidence of relapse or progression of the invasive aspergillosis after allo-HSCT was 14% and "active" underlying disease before D+100 post transplant was the only risk factor. Invasive aspergillosis prior to allo-HSCT did not impair the outcome of the procedure with effective diagnosis and prophylaxis being used. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Çağlar, İlknur, Duygu Özkerim, Neryal Tahta, Mine Düzgöl, Nuri Bayram, Bengü Demirağ, Tuba Hilkay Karapınar, et al. "262. Assessment of Serum Galactomannan Test Results of Pediatric Patients with Hematologic Malignancies According to Different Threshold Levels and Consecutive Positivity in Terms of Invasive Aspergillosis Diagnosis: Cross-Sectional Research in a Tertiary Care Hospital." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S145—S146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.337.
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Abstract Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum galactomannan (GM) test by investigating the impact of positivity according to different threshold levels and consecutiveness in terms of invasive aspergillosis (IA) in pediatric hematology-oncology patients. Methods Positive GM test results between January 2015 and August 2017 were reviewed, retrospectively. The children with hematological malignancies and GM positivity were included in the study and grouped according to the presence of IA. Impact of single and consecutive (3-day interval) GM positivity on IA diagnosis were evaluated according to different galactomannan index (GMI) threshold values of >0.5, >0.7, >1.0, and >1.5. Results There were 104 positive GM results from 70 patients. Forty-one patients (58.6%) had no clinical evidence of IA and categorized as the non-IA group. Invasive aspergillosis diagnosis was identified in 29 (41.4%) of the patients; 2 of them were proven and 27 were probable. Demographic characteristics and clinical findings of the patients were reviewed in Tables 1 and 2. According to different cutoff GMI values, the number of positive results was 104 for >0.5, 76 for >0.7, 57 for >1.0 and 32 for >1.5. The PPVs were low at a single GMI of >0.5 (39.4%) and reached to 50.0% with single GMI of >1.0. There was not a statistically significant difference between IA and non-IA groups in terms of different thresholds of a single GM positivity (P > 0.05) (Table 3). The number of two consecutive positive results was 34 for GMI of >0.5, 20 for GMI of >0.7, 13 for GMI of >1.0 and 4 for GMI of >1.5. In the IA group, GM positivity of consecutive results was significantly higher than non-IA group (P < 0.05). The PPVs of two consecutive positive results for GMI >0.5, GMI >0.7, GMI >1.0, and GMI >1.5 were 58.8%, 65.0%, 84.6%, and 100.0%, respectively. The effect of the GMI increase between two consecutive GM results on IA diagnosis (GM2-GM1 >0.5) was also evaluated and the PPV was found 53.8% without a statistical significance between two groups (Table 4). Conclusion When evaluated with consecutive GM positivity, the GM assay would have higher PPVs independently from the GMI cutoff value chosen. Since it may be more effective on IA diagnosis, consecutive sampling should be performed in pediatric patients at high risk. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Zuur, Charlotte L., Yvonne J. Simis, Pauline E. Lansdaal, Augustinus A. Hart, Jan H. Schornagel, Wouter A. Dreschler, Coen R. Rasch, and Alfons J. Balm. "Ototoxicity in a Randomized Phase III Trial of Intra-Arterial Compared With Intravenous Cisplatin Chemoradiation in Patients With Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 24 (August 20, 2007): 3759–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.08.9540.
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Purpose Cisplatin concomitantly administered with radiotherapy is increasingly used in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We aimed to compare the incidence of hearing loss between patients treated with intra-arterial high-dose cisplatin chemoradiation with sodium thiosulfate (CRT-IA) and intravenous high-dose cisplatin chemoradiation without sodium thiosulfate (CRT-IV). Patients and Methods We conducted a prospective analysis of hearing thresholds at low and (ultra-) high frequencies obtained before, during, and after treatment in 158 patients. Patients were randomly assigned for either CRT-IA (150 mg/m2, four courses) with sodium thiosulfate cisplatin neutralization or CRT-IV (100 mg/m2, three courses) without rescue. All patients received concomitant radiation therapy (RT; 70 Gy). Results CRT-IA resulted in approximately 10% less hearing loss at frequencies vital for speech perception, compared with CRT-IV (P < .001). In CRT-IA, fewer ears qualified for hearing aids (36% v 49%; P = .03). However, in both treatment arms, the incidence expressed in National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria of Adverse Events (version 3) did not deviate (P > .14). Age, cumulative cisplatin dose, cumulative RT dose, and the considered frequency area determine the degree of hearing loss (P < .001). Cisplatin induced increasing hearing loss of 24% to 60% with increasing frequencies. RT induced hearing loss at speech frequencies of 9% to 12%. Conclusion Depending on the criteria used to assess hearing loss due to treatment, differences in ototoxicity between CRT-IA and CRT-IV were found in favor of CRT-IA. It is desirable to specify hearing loss criteria toward frequencies vital for speech perception, and to refine grading scales to reveal subtle and clinically relevant dissimilarities in ototoxicity between different treatment protocols.
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Joseph, Jaison, Abin Varghese, Vijay VR, Manju Dhandapani, Sandeep Grover, Suresh Sharma, Deepika Khakha, Sucheta Mann, and Biji P. Varkey. "Prevalence of internet addiction among college students in the Indian setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis." General Psychiatry 34, no. 4 (August 2021): e100496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2021-100496.
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BackgroundThe internet is an integral part of everyone’s life. College going adolescents are highly vulnerable to the misuse of the internet.AimsTo estimate the pooled prevalence of internet addiction (IA) among college students in India.MethodsLiterature databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Google Scholar) were searched for studies assessing IA using the Young Internet Addiction Test (Y-IAT) among adolescents from India, published in the English language up to December 2020. We included studies from 2010 to 2020 as this is the marked era of momentum in wireless internet connectivity in India. The methodological quality of each study was scored, and data were extracted from the published reports. Pooled prevalence was estimated using the fixed-effects model. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s test and visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots.ResultsFifty studies conducted in 19 states of India estimated the prevalence of IA and the overall prevalence of IA as 19.9% (95% CI: 19.3% to 20.5%) and 40.7% (95% CI: 38.7% to 42.8%) based on the Y-IAT cut-off scores of 50 and 40, respectively. The estimated prevalence of severe IA was significantly higher in the Y-IAT cut-off points of 70 than 80 (12.7% (95% CI: 11.2% to 14.3%) vs 4.6% (95% CI: 4.1% to 5.2%)). The sampling method and quality of included studies had a significant effect on the estimation of prevalence in which studies using non-probability sampling and low risk of bias (total quality score ≥7) reported lower prevalence. The overall quality of evidence was rated as ‘moderate’ based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria.ConclusionsOur nationally representative data suggest that about 20% to 40% of college students in India are at risk for IA. There is a need for further research in the reconsideration of Y-IAT cut-off points among Indian college students.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020219511.
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Ronchey, Sonia, Stefano Fazzini, Salvatore Scali, Giovanni Torsello, Paul Kubilis, Frank Veith, Konstantinos P. Donas, Felice Pecoraro, and Nicola Mangialardi. "Collected Transatlantic Experience From the PERICLES Registry: Use of Chimney Grafts to Treat Post-EVAR Type Ia Endoleaks Shows Good Midterm Results." Journal of Endovascular Therapy 25, no. 4 (June 18, 2018): 492–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1526602818782941.
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Purpose: The aim of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the performance of the chimney (ch) technique in the treatment of type Ia endoleaks after standard endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2014, 517 chEVAR procedures were performed in 13 US and European vascular centers (PERICLES registry). Thirty-nine patients (mean age 76.9±7.1 years; 33 men) were treated for persistent type Ia endoleak and had computed tomography angiography or magnetic resonance angiography follow-up at >1 month. Endurant abdominal stent-grafts were used in the 20 cases. Single chimney graft placement was performed in 18 (46%) patients and multiple in 21 (54%). Overall, 70 visceral vessels were targeted for revascularization. Results: Technical success was achieved in 35 (89.7%) cases; 3 persistent type Ia endoleaks and 1 chimney graft occlusion were detected within the first 30 days. Thirty-day mortality was 2.6%. Two other deaths (not aneurysm related) occurred during a mean follow-up of 21.9 months (0.23–71.3). Primary patency of the chimney grafts was 94.3% at 36 months. In a subgroup analysis comparing Endurant to other stent-grafts, no significant differences were observed regarding persistent endoleak [1/20 (5%) vs 2/19 (11%), p=0.6] or reintervention [1/20 (5%) vs 0/19 (0%)]. Conclusion: The present series demonstrates that chEVAR in the treatment of post-EVAR type Ia endoleaks has satisfactory results independent of the abdominal and chimney graft combinations. Midterm results show that chEVAR is an effective method for treating type Ia endoleaks.
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Martini, Marta, Rita Canella, Alessandro Leparulo, Ivo Prigioni, Riccardo Fesce, and Maria Lisa Rossi. "Ionic currents in hair cells dissociated from frog semicircular canals after preconditioning under microgravity conditions." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 296, no. 5 (May 2009): R1585—R1597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.90981.2008.
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The effects of microgravity on the biophysical properties of frog labyrinthine hair cells have been examined by analyzing calcium and potassium currents in isolated cells by the patch-clamp technique. The entire, anesthetized frog was exposed to vector-free gravity in a random positioning machine (RPM) and the functional modification induced on single hair cells, dissected from the crista ampullaris, were subsequently studied in vitro. The major targets of microgravity exposure were the calcium/potassium current system and the kinetic mechanism of the fast transient potassium current, IA. The amplitude of ICa was significantly reduced in microgravity-conditioned cells. The delayed current, IKD (a complex of IKV and IKCa), was drastically reduced, mostly in its IKCa component. Microgravity also affected IKD kinetics by shifting the steady-state inactivation curve toward negative potentials and increasing the sensitivity of inactivation removal to voltage. As concerns the IA, the I- V and steady-state inactivation curves were indistinguishable under normogravity or microgravity conditions; conversely, IA decay systematically displayed a two-exponential time course and longer time constants in microgravity, thus potentially providing a larger K+ charge; furthermore, IA inactivation removal at −70 mV was slowed down. Stimulation in the RPM machine under normogravity conditions resulted in minor effects on IKD and, occasionally, incomplete IA inactivation at −40 mV. Reduced calcium influx and increased K+ repolarizing charge, to variable extents depending on the history of membrane potential, constitute a likely cause for the failure in the afferent mEPSP discharge at the cytoneural junction observed in the intact labyrinth after microgravity conditioning.
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Eising, Stefanie, Anita Nilsson, Bendix Carstensen, David M. Hougaard, Bent Nørgaard-Pedersen, Jørn Nerup, Åke Lernmark, and Flemming Pociot. "Danish children born with glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 and islet antigen-2 autoantibodies at birth had an increased risk to develop type 1 diabetes." European Journal of Endocrinology 164, no. 2 (February 2011): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-10-0792.
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ObjectiveA large, population-based case–control cohort was used to test the hypothesis that glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) and islet antigen-2 autoantibodies (IA-2A) at birth predict type 1 diabetes.Design and methodsThe design was an individually matched case–control study of all Danish type 1 diabetes patients born between 1981 and 2002 and diagnosed before May 1 2004 (median age at diagnosis was 8.8 years). Dried blood spot samples collected 5 days after birth in the 1981–2002 birth cohorts and stored at −25 °C were identified from 2023 patients and from two matched controls (n=4042). Birth data and information on parental age and diabetes were obtained from Danish registers. GAD65A and IA-2A were determined in a radiobinding assay. HLA-DQB1 alleles were analyzed by PCR using time-resolved fluorescence.ResultsGAD65A and IA-2A were found in 70/2023 (3.5%) patients compared to 21/4042 (0.5%) controls resulting in a hazard ratio (HR) of 7.49 (P<0.0001). The HR decreased to 4.55 but remained significant (P<0.0003) after controlling for parental diabetes and HLA-DQB1 alleles. Conditional logistic regression analysis showed a HR of 2.55 (P<0.0001) for every tenfold increase in the levels of GAD65A and IA-2A. This HR decreased to 1.93 but remained significant (P<0.001) after controlling for parental diabetes and HLA-DQB1 alleles.ConclusionThese data suggest that GAD65A and IA-2A positivity at birth are associated with an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes in Danish children diagnosed between 1981 and 2004.
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McPherson, Joanna Saenz, Sara A. Dixon, Richard Townsend, and Kraig S. Vandewalle. "Effect of Needle Design on Pain From Dental Local Anesthetic Injections." Anesthesia Progress 62, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2344/0003-3006-62.1.2.
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Abstract The purpose of this randomized, double-blind clinical study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a larger-bore compared with a standard-bore dental local anesthetic needle of the same gauge in reducing pain during inferior alveolar (IA) and long buccal (LB) nerve block injections. Twenty active duty military or Department of Defense beneficiaries undergoing dental treatment were anesthetized using a split-mouth design with 4 anesthetic dental injections. Both sides of the mouth received IA nerve block and LB nerve injections, one using the 27-gauge large-bore Septoject XL needle and other using a 27-gauge standard-bore Septoject needle. Patients rated the pain experienced with each method using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The IA injection mean VAS score and standard deviation were 38.9 ± 22.7 mm and 37.1 ± 22.4 mm, respectively, for the larger and standard-bore needles. The LB injection mean VAS score and standard deviation were 33.5 ± 22.8 mm and 35.1 ± 19.6 mm, respectively, for the larger and standard-bore needles. The data were analyzed with a paired t test (α = .05). No significant difference was found between the IA (P = .70) or LB injections (P = .73). The use of a larger-bore 27-gauge needle did not reduce pain on injection compared with the standard-bore 27-gauge needle.
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Kim, Dae Sang, and Ung Jin Kim. "Evaluation of Passive Soil Stiffness for the Development of Integral Abutments for Railways." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.4.13.
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An integral bridge, which is constructed without expansion joints and bearings, is an economical technology that permits slender abutment and footing design to decrease the associated maintenance and construction costs. In this study, a geosynthetic reinforced integral abutment (IA) for railways and a conventional reinforced concrete abutment (CA) are modeled, considering the two types of foundations, using the finite element method. The passive soil stiffness of the foundations was evaluated through the application of a uniform horizontal load in four separate models. The passive soil stiffness of the IA model is approximately 70% of that of the CA model. Additionally, we confirmed that the passive soil stiffness was affected by changes in the thickness of the abutment, size of the footing, number of installation piles, and elastic modulus of the ground.
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Bardoni, R., and O. Belluzzi. "Kinetic study and numerical reconstruction of A-type current in granule cells of rat cerebellar slices." Journal of Neurophysiology 69, no. 6 (June 1, 1993): 2222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1993.69.6.2222.
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1. Whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques were used to study voltage-activated transient potassium currents in a large sample (n = 143) of granule cells (GrC) from rat cerebellar slices. Tetrodotoxin (TTX; 0.1 microM) was used to block sodium currents, while calcium current was too small to be seen under ordinary conditions. 2. Depolarizing pulses from -50 mV evoked a slow, sustained outward current, developing with a time constant of 10 ms, inactivating over a time scale of seconds and which could be suppressed by 20 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA). By preventing the Ca2+ inflow, this slow outward current could be further separated into a Ca(2+)-dependent and a Ca(2+)-independent component. 3. After conditioning hyperpolarizations to potentials negative to -60 mV, depolarizations elicited transient outward current, peaking in 1-2 ms and inactivating rapidly (approximately 10 ms at 20 degrees C), showing the overall kinetic characteristics of the A-current (IA). The current activated following third-order kinetics and showed a maximal conductance of 12 nS per cell, corresponding to a normalized conductance of 3.8 nS/pF. 4. IA was insensitive to TEA and to the Ca(2+)-channel blockers. 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP) reduced the A-current amplitude by approximately 20%, and the delayed outward currents by > 80%. 5. Voltage-dependent steady-state inactivation of peak IA was described by a Boltzmann function with a slope factor of 8.4 mV and half-inactivation occurring at -78.8 mV. Activation of IA was characterized by a Boltzmann curve with the midpoint at -46.7 mV and with a slope factor of 19.8 mV. 6. IA activation and inactivation was best fitted by the Hodgkin-Huxley m3h formalism. The rate of activation, tau a, was voltage-dependent, and had values ranging from 0.55 ms at -40 mV to 0.2 ms at +50 mV. Double-pulse experiment showed that development and removal of inactivation followed a single-exponential time course; the inactivation time constant, tau ha, was markedly voltage-dependent and ranged from approximately 10 ms at -40 and -100 mV and 70 ms at -70 mV. 7. A set of continuous equations has been developed describing the voltage-dependence of both the steady-state and time constant of activation and inactivation processes, allowing a satisfactory numerical reconstruction of the A-current over the physiologically significant membrane voltage range.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Sullivan, J. M., and E. M. Lasater. "Sustained and transient potassium currents of cultured horizontal cells isolated from white bass retina." Journal of Neurophysiology 64, no. 6 (December 1, 1990): 1758–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.64.6.1758.
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1. Horizontal cells (HCs) are second-order neurons in the retina that receive direct photoreceptor input. They rest at around -20 mV in the dark, because of the continuous release of neurotransmitter from photoreceptors. HCs respond to light with graded hyperpolarizations, which can reach -70 to -80 mV in the presence of very bright stimuli. 2. HCs from the retinas of white bass were isolated and maintained in culture. Potassium currents in three morphological types of HCs--H1, H2, and H4--were studied in culture with whole-cell, patch-clamp techniques, when sodium and calcium currents were blocked. 3. A transient outward potassium current (IA), with many characteristics of the A-current, was found in all H2s and H4s but only occasionally in H1s. The threshold for activation of this current was around -40 mV, a value more depolarized than usual for the A-current. The peak IA was typically smaller than 300 pA when the membrane was stepped from a holding potential of -70 mV to a command potential of -10 mV, the upper limit of the in vivo range of HC membrane potentials. Steady-state inactivation is expected to reduce the magnitude of IA in vivo. 4. A sustained outward potassium current (IK) was found in all types of HCs. This sustained potassium current did not activate until the membrane was stepped to potentials above -10 mV, a value much more depolarized than those reported for the delayed rectifier current in other neurons. As a result, IK is absent over the in vivo operating range of these cells. 5. No calcium-dependent potassium current was found in any cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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McClincy, Michael, Liliana G. Seabol, Michelle Riffitts, Ethan Ruh, Natalie E. Novak, Rachel Wasilko, Megan E. Hamm, and Kevin M. Bell. "Perspectives on the Gamification of an Interactive Health Technology for Postoperative Rehabilitation of Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: User-Centered Design Approach." JMIR Serious Games 9, no. 3 (August 27, 2021): e27195. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/27195.
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Background Pediatric and adolescent athletes are a large demographic undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R). Postoperative rehabilitation is critical, requiring patients to complete home exercise programs (HEPs). To address obstacles to HEP adherence, we developed an interactive health technology, interACTION (iA), to monitor knee-specific rehabilitation. iA is a web-based platform that incorporates wearable motion sensors and a mobile app that provides feedback and allows remote monitoring. The Wheel of Sukr is a gamification mechanism that includes numerous behavioral elements. Objective This study aims to use a user-centered design process to incorporate behavioral change strategies derived from self-management theory into iA using the Wheel of Sukr, with the aim of influencing patient behavior. Methods In total, 10 athletes aged 10-18 years with a history of ACL-R were included in this study. Patients were between 4 weeks and 1 year post–ACL-R. Participants underwent a 60-minute triphasic interview. Phase 1 focused on elements of gaming that led to high participation and information regarding surgery and recovery. In phase 2, participants were asked to think aloud and rank cards representing the components of the Wheel of Sukr in order of interest. In phase 3, the patients reviewed the current version of iA. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and checked for accuracy. Qualitative content analysis segmented the data and tagged meaningful codes until descriptive redundancy was achieved; next, 2 coders independently coded the data set. These elements were categorized according to the Wheel of Sukr framework. The mean age of participants was 12.8 (SD 1.32) years, and 70% (7/10) were female. Most participants (7/10, 70%) reported attending sessions twice weekly. All patients were prescribed home exercises. Self-reported HEP compliance was 75%-100% in 40% (4/10), 50%-75% in 40% (4/10), and 25%-50% of prescribed exercises in 20% (2/10) of the participants. Results The participants responded positively to an app that could track home exercises. Desirable features included exercise demonstrations, motivational components, and convenience. The participants listed sports specificity, competition, notifications, reminders, rewards, and social aspects of gameplay as features to incorporate. In the Wheel of Sukr card sort exercise, motivation was ranked first; self-management, second; and growth, esteem, and fun tied for the third position. The recommended gameplay components closely followed the themes from the Wheel of Sukr card sort activity. Conclusions The participants believe iA is a helpful addition to recovery and want the app to include exercise movement tracking and encouragement. Despite the small number of participants, thematic saturation was reached, suggesting the sample was sufficient to obtain a representative range of perspectives. Future work will implement motivation; self-management; and growth, confidence, and fun in the iA user experience. Young athlete ACL-R patients will complete typical clinical scenarios using increasingly developed prototypes of the gamified iA in a controlled setting.
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Chazaro-Ruiz, Luis F., Miguel Olvera-Sosa, Gabriela Vidal, J. Rene Rangel-Mendez, Gabriela Palestino, Fatima Perez, and Wei Zhang. "Synthesis of Bamboo-like Multiwall Carbon Nanotube–Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Itaconic Acid)/NaOH Composite Hydrogel and its Potential Application for Electrochemical Detection of Cadmium(II)." Biosensors 10, no. 10 (October 19, 2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios10100147.
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A poly(acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid) (PAA-co-IA)/NaOH hydrogel containing bamboo-type multiwall carbon nanotubes (B-MWCNTs) doped with nitrogen (PAA-co-IA/NaOH/B-MWCNTs) was synthesized and characterized by SEM, absorption of water, point of zero charges, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The possible use of the PAA-co-IA/NaOH/B-MWCNT hydrogel as an electrode modifier and pre-concentrator agent for Cd(II) sensing purposes was then evaluated using carbon paste electrodes via differential pulse voltammetry. The presence of the B-MWCNTs in the hydrogel matrix decreased its degree of swelling, stabilized the structure of the swollen gel, and favored the detection of 3 ppb Cd(II), which is comparable to the World Health Organization’s allowable maximum value in drinking water. A calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 2.67 × 10−8 to 6.23 × 10−7 M (i.e., 3 and 70 ppb) to determine a limit of detection (LOD) of 19.24 μgL−1 and a sensitivity of 0.15 μC ppb−1. Also, the Zn(II), Hg(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions interfered moderately on the determination of Cd(II).
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Kyo, Kouhei, Takeshi Okatani, Ryota Imanaka, Mitsuhiro Itagaki, Yuuta Katayama, and Taiichi Kyo. "Early Diagnostic Procedure and Treatment for Invasive Fungal Infection Centered on Invasive Aspergillosis in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome or Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 1544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.1544.1544.
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Abstract Abstract 1544 Since myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are more prevalent in the elderly, intensive chemotherapy is difficult. However, recent progress in supportive therapy, especially with anti-fungal agents, and diagnostic procedures for invasive fungal infection (IFI) such as β-D glucan (β-D), galactomannan antigen (GM) and computed tomography (CT), have resulted in dramatically enhanced safety of post-chemotherapy control of elderly patients. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of our diagnosis and treatment strategy for IFI, we examined 112 consecutive episodes in 110 patients who received remission induction therapy from December 15, 2009 to June 18, 2011, including new or recurrent patients with MDS related AML (MDS-AML) and those with AML without a history of invasive aspergillosis (IA). Diagnosis was MDS-AML in 88 episodes (relapse 18) and AML in 24 (M1 5,M2 9,M4 9,M6 1).The median age was 70 (range: 21–88). Remission induction therapy consisted of behenoyl-ara-C for 10 days and idarubicin for 4 days (For further details, please refer to 51st ASH abstract #1052; Taiichi Kyo et al). Patients were always admitted to a clean room until neutrophil recovery, and were routinely administered macrophage-colony stimulating factor (CSF) and granulocyte-CSF. Amphotericin-b syrup and itraconazole capsules were given as antifungal prophylaxis. IFI diagnostic procedures consisted of CT, GM, β-D and surveillance culture (SC). At the time of admission a control CT was taken. CT was repeated within 24 hours when pyrexia of ≥38.0°C occurred. If fever showed no improvement, CT was repeated every 3 days (X-ray was also taken). If any change suggesting infection was noted, treatment against IA was considered. GM, β-D and SC were all conducted twice a week from the time of admission until discharge. ≥0.5 GM was regarded as positive and the treatment against IA was started even if there was only one positive result. At present there is no worldwide consensus concerning β-D, thus we considered a value exceeding the cut-off value of the reagent as positive. Treatment was started when there were both a positive result and increasing fever; and treatment against IA or candidiasis depended on imaging findings. Even if β-D was negative, candida detected by SC or diarrhea combined with increasing fever was also an indication for treatment against candidiasis. IA was treated with voriconazole (VRCZ) and candidiasis with micafungin (MCFG). VRCZ and MCFC were administered at 200–300 mg/twice/day and 100–300 mg/day, respectively. When no sufficient effect was observed with VRCZ alone, MCFG was added. Complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR) were achieved in 81/112 (72%) and 9/112 (8%) episodes, while in 19/112 (17%) no response was obtained and 3/112 (2.7%) episodes resulted in death during chemotherapy. CR rate was comparable among de novo MDS-AML (49/70, 70%), MDS-AML relapse (9/18, 50%) and AML (23/24, 96%). The cause of death associated with chemotherapy was bacteremia 1, bacteremia or IA 1, and cerebral hemorrhage 1. GM was positive in 48 (43%) episodes. The reason for this large number was probably the advanced age of the patients and the long term neutropenia [absolute neutrophil count <500 (median) 27 days]. In spite of higher IA morbidity, mortality rates seemed very low. Furthermore, although GM >2.5 indicates an unfavorable prognosis and >5.0 no hope of survival, none of our patients with GM >2.5 (10 patients) died of IA (2 died of other causes) and all patients with GM >5.0 (4 patients) survived. Candidemia was found in 2 patients (krusei 1, guilliermondii 1) and were treated succesfully. β-D was positive in 46 /112 (41%) episodes and 28/112 (25%) were also positive for GM. As for GM and β-D, GM positivity preceded that of β-D in 9/28 (32%); regarding GM and CT, GM positivity preceded the observation of CT findings in 13/30 (43%). At the beginning of this study, no control CT was obtained. But in the course of the study we found some patients who presented CT findings indicating IA, such as nodular lesions, but with no infection. Thus, we realized the need for a control CT to detect IA more accurately. Each diagnostic procedure has excellent characteristics but it is not sufficient by itself. The results of this single-center clinical study indicate that an improvement of antifungal therapy combined with a battery of diagnostic procedures may allow safe, intensive chemotherapy for many patients with MDS or AML. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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O'Connor, T. P., R. R. Batra, D. A. Mobarek, D. M. Kirkel, A. Schwarsin, A. Sharma, W. O. Bank, W. R. Wilson, I. A. Tabbara, and R. S. Siegel. "Combined intra-arterial cisplatin, intravenous chemotherapy, and chemoradiotherapy is an effective program for treating advanced SCC of the head and neck: An analysis of 23 patients with a median follow-up of 6.1 years." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 16535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.16535.
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16535 Background: Aggressive chemotherapy combined with radiation increases organ preservation and provides locoregional control in advanced head and neck (H&N) cancer. Intra-arterial (IA) cisplatin can provide higher dose intensity but does not control distant disease. We evaluated a program that consisted of intra-arterial and intravenous chemotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy. Methods: The course of 23 patients treated with four weekly IA doses of cisplatin (150 mg/m2) with IV sodium thiosulfate rescue, then two cycles IV paclitaxel (175 mg/m2, day 1), ifosfamide (1,000 mg/m2 and mesna 600 mg/m2, days 1–3), and cisplatin (60 mg/m2, day 1) (TIP), and followed by radiation to 70 Gy combined with weekly paclitaxel (30 mg/m2) and amifostine (740 mg/m2 TIW) was analyzed. One patient received one cycle of cisplatin/5-FU and one cycle of TIP instead of 2 cycles of TIP. Endpoints were recurrence free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Of twenty-three patients, 20 were men. The median age was 57 years (range 45–70) and median follow-up was 6.1 years (range 4.1–7.9). Eighteen had long smoking histories. Seventeen completed treatment (74%). Of the 6 who did not complete the program, two had resistant tumors, one had an adverse reaction to IA therapy, and three were noncompliant. Of 23 patients, 14 are alive, 13 without evidence of disease recurrence; one patient recurred and was salvaged by surgery. Five patients recurred and died of metastatic H&N cancer. One patient recurred, was salvaged with surgery and later died of lung cancer without evidence of H&N cancer. The RFS is 56.5% and the OS is 60.8%. Adverse events were infrequent and included 1 patient who had facial swelling during IA therapy and 2 patients who developed osteonecrosis of the mandible, one while continuing to smoke 6 months after therapy and the other 3 years after therapy following tooth extraction. Conclusions: A program consisting four doses of intra-arterial cisplatin followed by two cycles of IV TIP and chemoradiotherapy is effective in treating locally advanced SCC of the H&N and was generally well tolerated. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Pourjamal, Karim, Marziyeh Fathi, Ali Akbar Entezami, Mohammad Hasanzadeh, and Nasrin Shadjou. "Superabsorbent Nanohydrogels of Poly (N-Isopropyl Acrylamide-Co-Itaconic Acid) Grafted on Starch — Synthesis and Swelling Study." Nano LIFE 06, no. 02 (June 2016): 1650005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793984416500057.
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Biopolymer-based superabsorbent nanohydrogel consisting of N-isopropylacrylamide and itaconic acid (IA) was grafted on to starch backbone in an aqueous solution in the absence of the cross-linker agents. The copolymerization reaction occurred in the presence of ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator. The effect of N-isopropylacrylamide-to-IA ratio and different concentrations of initiator were investigated. The nanohydrogel composition was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The thermal stability was analyzed by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies were employed for determination of lower critical solution temperature in hydrogels. Dynamic light scattering analysis showed a narrow size distribution around 70–200[Formula: see text]nm for the synthesized nanohydrogels. The effects of pH on swelling behavior of the hydrogel were investigated. The obtained nanohydrogels, due to their pH and thermo dual sensitive properties, have the potential to be used in the drug delivery systems.