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Whittall, Ian R., Mark G. Humphrey, and David C. R. Hockless. "Structural Systematics of Metal Acetylide Complexes: X-Ray Studies of Some 'Extended-Chain' Gold σ-Acetylide Complexes." Australian Journal of Chemistry 50, no. 10 (1997): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c97049.
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The structures of Au(4-C≡CC6H4XYC6H4-4′-NO2)(PPh3) (XY = (E )-CH=CH (1), (Z)-CH=CH (2), C≡C (3), N=CH (4)) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, refining by full-matrix least-squares analysis. For (1), crystals are triclinic, space group P-1, with a8·847(1), b 17·870(4), c 19·705(3) Å, α116·25(1), β 93·33(1), γ 92·64(2)˚, Z 4, 6747 unique reflections (703 parameters), converging at R 0·025 and Rw 0·029. For (2), crystals are monoclinic, space group P 21/a, with a 10·718(6), b 19·398(5), c14·469(3) Å, β 108·96(2)˚, Z 4, 3295 unique reflections (352 parameters), converging atR 0·040 and Rw 0·034. For (3), crystals are triclinic, space group P-1, with a 10·671(4), b 17·599(7), c 18·220(8) Å, α 116·31(3), β 105·00(4), γ 95·08(4)˚, Z 4, 4828 unique reflections (703 parameters), converging at R 0·043 and Rw 0·030. For (4), crystals are triclinic, space group P-1, with a 8·8314(6), b 17·834(2), c 20·001(2) Å, α 115·249(7), β 90·930(7), γ 94·082(7)˚, Z 4, 4724 unique reflections (703 parameters), converging at R 0·035 and Rw 0·034. Despite the [ligated metal donor]-bridge-[nitro acceptor] composition of these complexes, Au–C and C≡C distances are normal and consistent with minimal allenylidene contribution to the ground-state geometry. Within the 3σ confidence limits, the structural data do not provide evidence for π*-back-bonding in these complexes
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Yu, Xue-qing, Shu-guang Yang, Han Li, Yang Xie, Jian-sheng Li, and Pan Zhang. "Preliminary Study to Evaluate Three Different Treatments on Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Based on Markov Model." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (April 17, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6478926.
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This study evaluates the costs and utilities of different treatment strategies for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients based on Markov model and provides guidance for clinical decision and health policy making. Patients with stable COPD from four subcenters had been investigated. A Markov model with three states, namely, GOLD 1-2, GOLD 3-4, and death, was built using TreeAge Pro 2011 software. Cost-utility ratio (CUR) and incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) from forty Markov circles were applied to measuring the economics evaluation of three different treatments. A total of 236 stable COPD patients were randomly assigned into three groups, Western medicine group (79 cases), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group (79 cases), and combined group (78 cases). The results of Markov cohort simulation showed that the accumulative quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of the three above groups per 100 000 people in 40 years were 1 702 773, 1 616 797, and 1 709 668 years, respectively, and the accumulative costs were 13 582 138 466, 1 207 904 113, and 14 656 607 371 Yuan, respectively. The CURs of the three groups were 87 235, 74 602, and 87 223 Yuan/QALY, respectively. ICURs of combined group were 8 707 and 41 705 Yuan as against Western medicine group and TCM group, respectively. Therefore, combined treatment has a lower cost, higher health output, and more socioeconomic benefits in the long run. Markov model is recommended to conduct health economics evaluation of different treatments for COPD.
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D., Y. M. "Diabétiques sans le savoir : ils seraient 700 000 !" Option/Bio 24, no. 493 (June 2013): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(13)71315-1.
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Lepak, Alexander J., Karen Marchillo, Solen Pichereau, William A. Craig, and David R. Andes. "Comparative Pharmacodynamics of the New Oxazolidinone Tedizolid Phosphate and Linezolid in a Neutropenic Murine Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia Model." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 11 (September 10, 2012): 5916–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01303-12.
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ABSTRACTTedizolid phosphate (TR-701) is a novel oxazolidinone prodrug (converted to the active form tedizolid [TR-700]) with potentStaphylococcus aureusactivity. The current studies characterized and compared thein vivopharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of TR-701/TR-700 and linezolid against methicillin-susceptibleS. aureus(MSSA) and methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA) in the neutropenic murine pneumonia model. The pharmacokinetic properties of both drugs were linear over a dose range of 0.625 to 40 mg/kg of body weight. Protein binding was 30% for linezolid and 85% for TR-700. Mice were infected with one of 11 isolates ofS. aureus, including MSSA and community- and hospital-acquired MRSA strains. Each drug was administered by oral-gastric gavage every 12 h (q12h). The dosing regimens ranged from 1.25 to 80 mg/kg/12 h for linezolid and 0.625 to 160 mg/kg/12 h for TR-701. At the start of therapy, mice had 6.24 ± 0.40 log10CFU/lungs, which increased to 7.92 ± 1.02 log10CFU/lungs in untreated animals over a 24-h period. A sigmoid maximum-effect (Emax) model was used to determine the antimicrobial exposure associated with net stasis (static dose [SD]) and 1-log-unit reduction in organism relative to the burden at the start of therapy. The static dose pharmacodynamic targets for linezolid and TR-700 were nearly identical, at a free drug (non-protein-bound) area under the concentration-time curve over 24 h in the steady state divided by the MIC (AUC/MIC ratio) of 19 and 20, respectively. The 1-log-unit kill endpoints were also similar, at 46.1 for linezolid and 34.6 for TR-700. The exposure targets were also comparable for both MSSA and MRSA isolates. These dosing goals support further clinical trial examination of TR-701 in MSSA and MRSA pneumonia.
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Михайленко, С. Н., В. И. Сердюков, Л. Н. Синица, and С. С. Васильченко. "Светодиодная фурье-спектроскопия H218O в диапазоне 15 000–15 700 см–1." Оптика и спектроскопия 115, no. 6 (2013): 912–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7868/s003040341312012x.
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Brimble, Margaret A., Andrew Johnston, Trevor W. Hambley, and Peter Turner. "Crystal Structures of (3S*,4S*,5S*,6S*)-3,4-Epoxy- 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-5-ol, (3R*,5S*,6S*)-1,7- Dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-3,5-diyl Diacetate and (4S*,5S*,6S*)-1,7-Dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-4,5-diol." Australian Journal of Chemistry 50, no. 2 (1997): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c96186.
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The structures of (3S*,4S*,5S*,6S*)-3,4-epoxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-5-ol (2), (3R*,5S*,6S*)-1,7- dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-3,5-diyl diacetate (4) and (4S*,5S*,6S*)-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-4,5-diol (5) have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The unsubstituted tetrahydropyran ring in (2) adopts an axial position with respect to the epoxy-substituted ring and the hydroxy group at C5 is syn to the epoxide group. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is observed between the C5 hydroxy group and O1. The two six-membered rings in (4) adopt chair conformations and the two acetate groups adopt 1,3-diaxial positions. The C5 hydroxy group in (5) assumes an axial position anti to the C-O bond of the neighbouring ring whilst 4-OH occupies an equatorial position. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is also observed between 4-OH and 5-OH. Compound (2), C9H14O4, M 186·21, crystallized in the monoclinic space group P 21/c with a 7·867(1), b 12·2060(9), c 9·3676(8) Å, b 102·744(8), V 877·4(1) Å 3 and No 1163 [I > 2·5s (I)], R 0·031, Rw 0·035. Compound (4), C13H20O6, M 272·30, crystallized in the triclinic space group P 1 with a 9·902(1), b 11·0024(9), c 6·9183(5)Å, a 104·078(8), b 96·769(9), g 101·980(8), V 703·8(1) Å 3 , No 1657 [I > 2·5s(I)], R 0·047, Rw 0·044. Compound (5), C9H16O4, M 188·22, crystallized in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with a 25·504(3), b 8·909(2), c 8·038(2) Å, V 1826·4(5) QA 3 , No 1096 [I > 2·5s(I)], R 0·030, Rw 0·030.
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Yeung, Dannii, Takeshi Nakagawa, and Jinmyoung Cho. "RETIREMENT ADJUSTMENT: COMPARISON AMONG CHINESE, JAPANESE, AND KOREAN RETIREES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.471.
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Abstract Moving into retirement is a stressful life event. However, recent research findings suggest that not every retiree experiences maladjustment. This paper investigated longitudinal changes in depressive symptoms during the retirement transition utilizing harmonized data of CHARLS, JSTAR, and KLoSA. Participants were selected for examination if meeting the following criteria: They were working in Wave 1 and had retired in Wave 2 (China=1053; Japan=184; Korea=706). These participants were categorized into two subgroups based on their status in Wave 3, either remained retired or reemployed. The proportion of retirees who were reemployed in Wave 3 is significantly higher in Korea (49.3%) and China (41.1%) than in Japan (17.4%). In each wave, the level of depressive symptoms was measured by the 10-item CES-D scale. Results of the repeated measures analyses show that, even after controlling for gender, mean level of depression increased over time among Korean retirees [F(2,702)=3.65,p=.026,η2=.010], whereas Japanese retirees’ depressive symptoms only increased in Wave 2 (Mean Difference =.83,SE=.39,p=.034) but not in Wave 3. Among Chinese, depressive symptoms did not significantly worsen after retirement, but the changes varied between retired persons and those who were reemployed in Wave 3 [F(1,1030)=4.25, p=.040, η2=.004]. Specifically, individuals who were reemployed after retirement experienced a reduction in depressive symptoms between Wave 1 and 3, whereas a reverse pattern is shown among retirees. This suggests that reemployment is beneficial to the well-being of Chinese retirees. The effects of socioeconomic factors (e.g., private and public health insurance and pension support) on depressive symptoms will be discussed.
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Vendruscolo, Eduardo Pradi, Epitácio José de Souza, Sebastião Ferreira de Lima, and Osvaldir Feliciano dos Santos. "Resposta do algodoeiro a diferentes doses de bioestimulante aplicado via semente." Agrarian 11, no. 39 (May 25, 2018): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30612/agrarian.v11i39.3574.
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A realização deste trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a ação de diferentes doses de biorregulador, aplicado via semente, sobre o desenvolvimento inicial do algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L.). O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação localizada na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campus de Chapadão do Sul, onde sementes de duas cultivares de algodoeiro (FMT 701 e FMT 705) foram expostas a seis diferentes doses de biorregulador vegetal (0,0; 5,0; 10,0; 15,0; 20,0 e 25,0 mL 0,5 kg-1 de sementes). Foram avaliadas as massas frescas e secas da folha, caule e raiz. Também foi avaliado o crescimento da planta, medindo-se a altura e o diâmetro a cada sete dias, até 49 dias de idade da planta. A cultivar FMT 701 apresentou maiores incrementos em matéria fresca e seca de folha, caule e raiz. Apenas a cultivar FMT 705 apresentou variações significativas para a variável diâmetro de caule, a qual teve incremento positivo até o diâmetro máximo de 3,07 mm, correspondente à dose de 7,83 mL biorregulador 0,5 Kg-1 de sementes, também as plantas pré-embebidas com 10 mL 0,5 Kg-1 de sementes apresentaram um incremento em altura de 2,34% em relação à testemunha e 21,29% sobre as plantas pré-embebidas com 25 mL 0,5 Kg-1 de sementes. Concluiu-se que a cultivar FMT 701 se mostrou mais suscetível à aplicação do biorregulador e a dose de biorregulador 10 mL 0,5 Kg-1 de sementes proporcionou o melhor estabelecimento inicial do algodoeiro, nas condições do experimento.
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Wurarah, M., Y. S. Mokosuli, and H. M. Sumampouw. "Biodiversity of Drosophila sp. from the Natural Environment based on the Cytochrome Oxidase subunit 1 Gene." Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia 12, no. 2 (June 9, 2023): 310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i2.44126.
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Research on insect phylogenetics is intricated by their similar morphology and significant genetic diversity. The cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene is the most widely utilized mitochondrial DNA gene in the identification and study of animal molecular biodiversity. This study aims to identify and reconstruct the phylogeny of fruit flies from North Sulawesi using the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene. Fruit flies were obtained from 5 (five) areas in North Sulawesi, namely Siau (L1), North Minahasa (L2), Minahasa (L3), Southeast Minahasa (L4), and Bolaang Mongondow (L5). Fruit fly imago limbs were used as a tissue source for genomic DNA extraction. Genomic DNA extraction was carried out using the Quick-DNA™ Miniprep Kit manufacture protocol. The CO1 gene amplification was carried out by the PCR method, and the visualization of the amplicons was carried out by the 1.5% gel electrophoresis method. Nucleotide sequencing used a sequencing service at First BASE Singapore with a bidirectional sequencing method. CO1 gene amplification of each sample was visualized at 690 bp to 702 bp length. After analyzing the CO1 gene concession area using the MEGA XI program, it is found that Drosophila at L1 has 702 bp, L2 has 703 bp, L3 has 698 bp, L4 has 700 bp, and L5 has 697 bp. Based on alignment analysis using the BLAST method, it is found that the L1 fruit fly has a similarity rate of 99.29% (E=0.0) to Drosophila parapallidosa [MK659836.1]. The L2 fruit fly also has a similarity rate of 96.86% with Drosophila parapallidosa [MK659836.1]. The L3 fruit fly has a similarity level of 94.94% with Drosophila parapallidosa [MK659836.1]. The L4 fruit fly has a similarity rate of 94.43% with Drosophila parapallidosa [MK659836.1]. However, the L5 fruit fly shows a similarity rate of 96.86% with Drosophila rubida [EU493593.1]. The reconstruction results with the MEGA XI program using the Minimum Evolution model obtain two monophyletic groups where the fruit fly in Bolaang Mongondow is in a monophyletic group different from other fruit flies. The results of this study prove the variation in fruit fly species in North Sulawesi based on the identification of the CO1 gene.
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Hettiaratchy, Elline C., Binbin Wang, Ashok Dheenan, Joe McGlone, Nidhin Kurian Kalarickal, Núria Bagués, Steven Ringel, David W. McComb, Siddharth Rajan, and Roberto C. Myers. "Quantitative x-ray diffraction analysis of strain and interdiffusion in β-Ga2O3 superlattices of μ-Fe2O3 and β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 40, no. 6 (December 2022): 062708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0002207.
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Superlattices composed of either monoclinic μ-Fe2O3 or β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 with β-Ga2O3 spacers are grown on (010) β-Ga2O3 substrates using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. High-resolution x-ray diffraction data are quantitatively fit using commercial dynamical x-ray diffraction software (LEPTOS) to obtain layer thicknesses, strain, and compositions. The strain state of β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 and μ-Fe2O3 superlattices as characterized using reciprocal space maps in the symmetric (020) and asymmetric (420) diffraction conditions indicates coherent growths that are strained to the (010) β-Ga2O3 lattice. β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 and μ-Fe2O3 superlattices grown at hotter substrate temperatures result in crystal structures with better coherency and reduced defects compared to colder growths. The growth rate of μ-Fe2O3 is ∼2.6 nm/min at Tsub = 700 °C and drops to ∼1.6 nm/min at Tsub = 800 °C due to increased Fe interdiffusion at hotter substrate temperatures. Scanning transmission electron microscopy data of a μ-Fe2O3 superlattice grown at Tsub = 700 °C confirm that there is significant diffusion of Fe atoms into β-Ga2O3 layers.
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Halpern, J. P., and E. V. Gotthelf. "SPIN-DOWN MEASUREMENT OF PSR J1852+0040 IN KESTEVEN 79: CENTRAL COMPACT OBJECTS AS ANTI-MAGNETARS." Astrophysical Journal 709, no. 1 (December 31, 2009): 436–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/709/1/436.
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Barnes, Stephanie L., and Bruce J. Brew. "040 Acute cerebellar ataxia following epstein-barr virus infection." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, e7 (July 2019): A14.1—A14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-anzan.37.
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IntroductionInfectious aetiologies such as acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection are in the differential diagnosis for acute cerebellar ataxia (ACA). This syndrome remains exceptionally rare and not well characterised in adults.e.g. 1 2MethodsA retrospective case review of a patient diagnosed with ACA following EBV infection with implications for pathogenesis and treatment.ResultsA 29-year-old Caucasian male presented with a three day history of ACA. Seven days prior he was diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis; bloodwork was consistent with acute EBV infection. These symptoms improved rapidly with oral prednisolone. He took no regular medications, drank alcohol moderately and had no significant family history.On examination, he was afebrile, ataxic and mildly dysarthric. Sensory examination was normal, particularly proprioception. Romberg’s test was negative. Remaining neurological and general examination was normal.Bloodwork showed mild liver dysfunction and positive ANA (titre 1/320, homogenous and speckled patterns). Immune screen was otherwise negative. Antineuronal antibody panel was negative in serum and CSF. CSF glucose was 3.1 mmol/L, protein 751 mg/L, albumin 523 mg/L, neopterin 24 nmol/L and B2 microglobulin 1.1 mg/L. The sample was acellular with negative EBV PCR (<500 copies/mL). Other infective serology and PCRs were also negative. MRI brain with gadolinium showed no abnormality.The patient received supportive care and was neurologically normal within three months.ConclusionsACA related to EBV is rare in adults. This report is important because it documents an adult case, other ACA causes have been rigorously excluded, resolution without antiviral therapy is detailed, and investigations support an immune-mediated pathogenesis.ReferencesMcCarthy CL, McColgan P, Martin P. Acute cerebellar ataxia due to Epstein-Barr virus. Pract Neurol 2012;12:238–240.Lascelles RG, Longson M, Johnson PJ, Chiang A. Infectious mononucleosis presenting as acute cerebellar syndrome. Lancet 1973;2:707.
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Castañeda-Porras, Oneida, and Omar Segura. "Carga de enfermedad por lesiones de causa externa en Casanare, Colombia, 2008-2012." Revista de Salud Pública 20, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v20n2.64066.
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Objetivo Estimar la carga de enfermedad por lesiones de causa externa (LCE) en el departamento de Casanare durante 2008-2012.Métodos Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo desde los registros de la notificación al Sivigila de los eventos agrupados como LCE y los eventos reportados al Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Lesiones de Causa Externa (SIVELCE). Análisis de variables en tiempo-lugar-persona mediante estadística descriptiva, con plantillas disponibles vía OMS en Microsoft Office® Excel 2013 y Epi-Info® 7.1.3.Resultados Entre 2008-2012 fueron notificados al Sistema de Salud Pública (SIVIGILA) 5 829 casos agrupados como LCE: accidente ofídico 751(12,9%), agresiones por rabia 3 774(64,7%), intoxicaciones 1 231(21,1%), lesiones por pólvora 32(0,5%) y violencia 41(0,7%), razón hombre/mujer 1:1, edad promedio 25±19,3(r=0,01-92) años, años de vida ajustados por discapacidad (AVAD) 821(2,5 años por 1 000 habitantes); y, al SIVELCE 15 539 reportes: lesiones intencionales 12 834(82,6%) y lesiones no intencionales 2 704(17,4%), razón hombre/mujer 1:1, edad promedio 28±14,1(r=0,03-90) años, relación entre morir por lesiones intencionales vs lesiones no intencionales tuvo una razón de disparidad OR=0,12 (X²=1 060,56 1 g.l, valor-p=0,0), AVAD 18 179(55,8/1 000).Conclusiones Las LCE afectan por igual a hombres y mujeres, los AVAD ocurren a expensas de la morbilidad. Todas las LCE son prevenibles, por tanto, es necesario fortalecer las respectivas acciones de vigilancia, prevención y control.
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Holtstam, Dan, Fernando Cámara, and Andreas Karlsson. "Langhofite, Pb2(OH)[WO4(OH)], a new mineral from Långban, Sweden." Mineralogical Magazine 84, no. 3 (April 24, 2020): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2020.28.
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AbstractLanghofite, ideally Pb2(OH)[WO4(OH)], is a new mineral from the Långban mine, Värmland, Sweden. The mineral and its name were approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (IMA2019-005). It occurs in a small vug in hematite–pyroxene skarn associated with calcite, baryte, fluorapatite, mimetite and minor sulfide minerals. Langhofite is triclinic, space group P$\bar{1}$, and unit-cell parameters a = 6.6154(1) Å, b = 7.0766(1) Å, c = 7.3296(1) Å, α = 118.175(2)°, β = 94.451(1)°, γ = 101.146(1)° and V = 291.06(1) Å3 for Z = 2. The seven strongest Bragg peaks from powder X-ray diffractometry are [dobs, Å (I)(hkl)]: 6.04(24)(010), 3.26(22)(11$\bar{2}$), 3.181(19)(200), 3.079(24)(1$\bar{1}$2), 3.016(100)(020), 2.054(20)(3$\bar{1}$1) and 2.050(18)(13$\bar{2}$). Langhofite occurs as euhedral crystals up to 4 mm, elongated along the a axis, with lengthwise striation. Mohs hardness is ca. 2½, based on VHN25 data obtained in the range 130–192. The mineral is brittle, with perfect {010} and {100} cleavages. The calculated density based on the ideal formula is 7.95(1) g⋅cm–3. Langhofite is colourless to white (non-pleochroic) and transparent, with a white streak and adamantine lustre. Reflectance curves show normal dispersion, with maximum values 15.7–13.4% within 400–700 nm. Electron microprobe analyses yield only the metals Pb and W above the detection level. The presence of OH-groups is demonstrated with vibration spectroscopy, from band maxima present at ~3470 and 3330 cm–1. A distinct Raman peak at ca. 862 cm–1 is related to symmetric W–oxygen stretching vibrations. The crystal structure is novel and was refined to R = 1.6%. It contains [W2O8(OH)2]6– edge-sharing dimers (with highly distorted WO6-octahedra) forming chains along [101] with [(OH)2Pb4]6+ dimers formed by (OH)Pb3 triangles. Chains configure (010) layers linked along [010] by long and weak Pb–O bonds, thus explaining the observed perfect cleavage on {010}. The mineral is named for curator Jörgen Langhof (b. 1965), who collected the discovery sample.
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Catana, Andreea, and Adina Patricia Apostu. "The Determination Factors of Left-Right Asymmetry Disorders - a Short Review." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 90, no. 2 (April 26, 2017): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-701.
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Laterality defects in humans, situs inversus and heterotaxy, are rare disorders, with an incidence of 1:8000 to 1:10 000 in the general population, and a multifactorial etiology. It has been proved that 1.44/10 000 of all cardiac problems are associated with malformations of left-right asymmetry and heterotaxy accounts for 3% of all congenital heart defects. It is considered that defects of situs appear due to genetic and environmental factors. Also, there is evidence that the ciliopathies (defects of structure or function) are involved in development abnormalities. Over 100 genes have been reported to be involved in left-right patterning in model organisms, but only a few are likely to candidate for left-right asymmetry defects in humans. Left-right asymmetry disorders are genetically heterogeneous and have variable manifestations (from asymptomatic to serious clinical problems). The discovery of the right mechanism of left-right development will help explain the clinical complexity and may contribute to a therapy of these disorders.
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Islam, Kashif, Asdar Haque, Khan Muhammad, Sohail Murad, Muzaffar Hussain, Asma Ashfaq, and Atif Islam. "A study of dosimetric characteristics for in vivo dosimetry with cylindrical n-type Isorad diode." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 13, no. 1 (April 22, 2013): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396912000520.
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AbstractBackground and purposeThe objective was to determine diode characteristics before actual dose verification on human phantom and patients.Materials and methodsThe reliability and stability of equipment, signal stability, precision, dose response linearity, field flatness, perturbation of radiation dose, plastic to water conversion factor (Kpl), ionisation chambers (ICs) and diode calibration were determined. Correction factors for tray (CFtray), wedge (CFwedge), field size (CFFS), SSD (CFSSD), angle (CFangle) and block (CFblock) were found. Patient dose monitor, Isorad diode (n-type) and IC (PTW Frieburg), Co-60 unit (Theratron), ATOM Adult male human phantom (Model 701-D, CIRS) were used.Results and conclusionGood signal stability, precise data, and linear dose response, variation of 0·500% and 5·000% in field flatness and perturbation tests, respectively, were noted. Kpl was 1·006 for IC PTW Frieburg TW30013, 0114. The diode calibration factor was 0·989. CFtray, CFFS, CFSSD, CFangle, CFblock were 1·001, 1·001, 0·997, 1·006 and 0·990, respectively. CFwedge were 1·024, 1·030 and 1·038 for 30°, 45° and 60° wedges, respectively. The verification of above correction factors (CFs) on Nasopharynx and lung of human phantom was also done.
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Bowmaker, Graham A., Effendy, Eban N. de Silva, and Allan H. White. "Lewis-Base Adducts of Group 11 Metal(I) Compounds. LXXII Synthesis, Spectroscopy and Structural Systematics of Some 1 : 2 Binuclear Complexes of Silver(I) Halides with Triphenylstibine, [(Ph3Sb)2Ag(μ-X)2Ag(SbPh3)2], X = Cl, Br, I." Australian Journal of Chemistry 50, no. 6 (1997): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c96038.
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Syntheses and room-temperature single-crystal X-ray structural characterization of binuclear 1 : 2 adducts formed between silver(I) halides, AgX (X = Cl, Br, I), and triphenylstibine, SbPh3, are described. The three complexes are isomorphous, being triclinic, P-1, a ≈ 18·5, b ≈ 14·6, c ≈ 14·5 Å, α ≈ 62·5, β ≈ 74, γ ≈ 77°, Z = 2 centrosymmetric dimers. Conventional R on F were 0·043, 0·038 and 0·046 for 4984, 8479 and 4166 independent, ‘observed’ (I > 3σ(I)) reflections respectively. In [(Ph3b)2Ag(µ-X)2Ag(SbPh3)2], Ag–Sb range between 2·702(1) and 2·744(2) Å, lengthening slightly from chloride to iodide; Ag–X are 2·567(5)–2·628(4) (Cl), 2·684(1)–2·737(1) (Br) and 2·826(3)–2·869(3) Å (I). The far-infrared spectra of [(Ph3Sb)2Ag(µ-X)2Ag(SbPh3)2] show v(AgX) bands at 178, 158 (X = Cl), 121 (X = Br) and 110 cm-1 (X = I). The splittings and band widths reflect a decrease in the degree of distortion of the Ag(µ-X)2Ag units from a symmetrically bridged structure from X = Cl to I.
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Bajus, Martin, and Jozef Baxa. "Effect of sulphur compounds on the heptane pyrolysis kinetics." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 50, no. 12 (1985): 2893–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19852893.
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The effect of 1-didecyl sulphide, diethyl disulphide, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl disulphide, 1-butanethiol, 0,0'-di-1-butyl dithiophosphate zinc, 0,0'-diethyl dithiophosphoric acid and carbon disulphide, respectively, on the kinetics and selectivity of the thermal decomposition of heptane at 700 °C and 100 kPa was studied in a stainless steel flow-through tube reactor. The sulphur substance content was 0.1-1.0 wt.%. 1-Didecyl sulphide, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl disulphide, 1-butylthiol, 0,0'-di-1-butyl dithiophosphate zinc and carbon disulphide favour the decomposition of heptane by 5-17%. A decrease in the heptane decomposition rate was observed in the presence of diethyl disulphide (2.8%) and 0,0'-diethyl dithiophosphoric acid (13.9%). The selectivity of decomposition to ethylene is increased by diethyl disulphide, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl disulphide, carbon disulphide and 1-didecyl sulphide and, in the range of short reaction times, also by 0,0'-diethyl dithiophosphoric acid, 0,0'-di-1-butyl dithiophosphate zinc and 1-butanethiol.
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Stramer, Susan L. "Current Risks of Transfusion-Transmitted Agents: A Review." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 131, no. 5 (May 1, 2007): 702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2007-131-702-crotaa.
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Abstract Context.—Infectious disease testing has dramatically improved the safety of blood for transfusion in the United States, especially since the introduction in 1999 of nucleic acid amplification testing. In 2004, methods (primarily culturing) for detecting bacteria in platelets were also added. Objective.—To provide current risk estimates for the likelihood of viral transmission by test-negative blood components and to illustrate the safety improvements since the introduction of bacterial testing of platelets. Data Sources.—Published literature from 1999 through 2006 and unpublished American Red Cross data sources. Conclusions.—The risk of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus transmission through blood transfusion since the introduction of nucleic acid amplification testing is approximately 1 in 2 million. Hepatitis B virus risk, for which nucleic acid amplification testing is not performed routinely, remains at 1 in 200 000 to 500 000 using a combination of anti–hepatitis B core and hepatitis B surface antigen testing. Seven cases of transfusion-transmitted West Nile virus have been reported since the introduction of nucleic acid amplification testing in 2003, but none has been reported since system-wide implementation of processes to increase the test sensitivity for use in epidemic areas. The residual risk of receiving a bacterially contaminated platelet component with clinical consequences is estimated at approximately 1 in 75 000, if culture negative and 1 in 33 000 if not tested by culture methods.
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ОСАДЧАЯ, Г. Г., and Е. И. ПИЖАНКОВА. "PERMAFROST-LANDSCAPE CONDITIONS OF THE BOLSHEZEMEL'SKAYA TUNDRA AND THEIR MAPPING BASED ON REMOTE SENSING DATA." Криосфера Земли 27, no. 6 (December 31, 2023): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15372/kz20230602.
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На основе мерзлотно-ландшафтных крупномасштабных исследований значительной части Большеземельской тундры и дешифрирования среднемасштабных космических снимков (Landsat-7) составлена ее обзорная геокриологическая карта масштаба 1:1 000 000, охватывающая площадь 136 700 км2. За основу принят метод ландшафтной индикации, реализованный применительно к геокриологическим подзонам. Пространственная изменчивость геокриологических характеристик получила отражение на уровнях природных подзон и групп доминирующих урочищ. An overview geocryological map (1:1 M scale) for an area of 136 700 km2 covering a significant part of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra was compiled on the basis of large-scale field permafrost-landscape surveys and interpretation of medium-resolution Landsat-7 satellite images. The method of landscape indication implemented in relation to geocryological subzones was used. Spatial variability of geocryological characteristics was analyzed at the levels of natural subzones and groups of dominant landscape units.
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Paley, Nicole. "PFMA population data." Veterinary Nurse 13, no. 3 (April 2, 2022): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/vetn.2022.13.3.152.
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The Pet Food Manufacturers' Association (PFMA) has released its annual population data, indicating there are a record 35 million pets in the UK in 2022. Pet ownership is at a peak and 17.4 million households (62%) own a pet. In the UK there are now 13 million dogs and 12 million cats, 1.6 million indoor birds, 1.4 million domestic fowl, 1 million rabbits, 900 000 Guinea pigs, 700 000 pigeons, 600 000 hamsters, 600 000 tortoises and 600 000 horses.
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Paley, Nicole. "PFMA population data." Veterinary Nurse 13, no. 3 (April 2, 2022): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/vetn.2022.13.3.152.
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The Pet Food Manufacturers' Association (PFMA) has released its annual population data, indicating there are a record 35 million pets in the UK in 2022. Pet ownership is at a peak and 17.4 million households (62%) own a pet. In the UK there are now 13 million dogs and 12 million cats, 1.6 million indoor birds, 1.4 million domestic fowl, 1 million rabbits, 900 000 Guinea pigs, 700 000 pigeons, 600 000 hamsters, 600 000 tortoises and 600 000 horses.
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Santos-García, D., E. Suárez-Castro, J. Ernandez, I. Expósito-Ruiz, C. Tuñas-Gesto, M. Aneiros-Díaz, T. de Deus-Fonticoba, M. López-Fernández, and D. Núñez-Arias. "Predictors of Mortality in Nondemented Patients With Parkinson Disease: Motor Symptoms Versus Nonmotor Symptoms." Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology 31, no. 1 (November 30, 2017): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891988717743589.
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Background and Objective: The aim of this study is to identify risk factors for mortality in a community-based cohort of nondemented patients with Parkinson disease (PD) during prospective long-term follow-up, while also comparing the effect of motor complications to nonmotor symptoms (NMS) on risk of mortality. Methods: One hundred forty seven nondemented patients with PD (57.1% males; 70.9 ± 8.6 years old) were included in this 48 month follow-up, longitudinal, single, evaluation study. Motor and therapy-related complications were assessed using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale/part-IV (UPDRS-IV). Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) total score was used to assess NMS burden. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to identify independent predictors of mortality during follow-up. Results: Twenty-two patients of 146 (15.1%) died (1 case without information). Both UPDRS-IV and NMSS total scores were higher at baseline in patients with PD who died (3.5 ± 3.1 vs 2.4 ± 2.4, P = .049 and 96.9 ± 58.6 vs 61.9 ± 51.0, P = .004, respectively). Unadjusted hazard ratios (HRs) associated with UPDRS-IV and NMSS total scores among those who died during follow-up were 1.171 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.012-1.357; P = .035) and 1.008 (95% CI: 1.002-1.013; P = .006), respectively. Independent predictors of mortality during follow-up after adjusting for other covariates were UPDRS-IV (HR: 1.224; 95% CI: 1.002-1.494; P = .047), age (HR: 1.231; 95% CI: 1104-1.374; P < .0001), and comorbidity (Charlson Index; HR: 1.429; 95% CI: 1.023-1.994; P = .036), but not NMSS total score (HR: 1.005; 95% CI: 0.996-1.014; P = .263). Conclusions: Both motor complications (UPDRS-IV) and NMS (NMSS) were associated with mortality at 4 years, being motor complications an independent predictor of it.
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Sinitsa, L. N., and T. Yu Chesnokova. "Analysis of Water Vapor Absorption Lines in Modern Spectroscopic Databases in the 16 700–17 000 cm−1 Region." Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics 36, S1 (December 2023): S78—S86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1024856024010123.
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Kurki, Joanna, Anna Pitkälä, and Mauri Nieminen. "The hygienic quality of raw reindeer milk." Rangifer 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.24.2.302.
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The somatic cell count (SCC) and total bacterial count (TBC) as well as the presence of major food-borne pathogens and udder pathogens in reindeer raw milk were studied. Two groups of 4 female reindeer were milked on alternate days for six weeks. A milk sample from each quarter was taken before milking and of the bulk milk at the end of milking. Micrococcus sp. was observed in one, Staphylococcus aureus in one and coagulase-negative staphylococci in five of the quarter samples (n=318). In the bulk milk (n=19) TBC varied between 700 and 1 700 000 cfu (colony forming units)/ml and SCC between 52 000 and 183 000 cells/ml. No Bacillus cereus, S. aureus or Listeria monocytogenes were detected in the bulk milk, but Escherichia coli and Enterobacteriaceae were found in 5 bulk milk samples. According to the bacteriological examination the udder health of the reindeer was good. Indicative information on the SCC of healthy reindeer was obtained. None of the common potential food-poisoning bacteria were found in raw milk. There was great variation in the bulk milk TBC and the average TBC was rather high (ca. 300 000 cfu/ml). The hygienic quality of raw reindeer milk makes it well suited for food manufacture. However, the results indicate that the milking conditions may be crucial for the quality of raw milk.Abstract in Finnish / Yhteenveto:Tutkimuksen kohteena oli poron raakamaidon solupitoisuus ja kokonaispesäkeluku sekä tärkeimpien elintarvike- ja utarepatogeenien esiintyminen raakamaidossa. Kaksi 4 vaatimen ryhmää lypsettiin vuoropäivinä 6 viikon ajan. Ennen lypsyä vaatimista otettiin vedinkohtaiset näytteet ja lypsyn päätyttyä näyte yhteismaidosta. Micrococcus sp. todettiin yhdessä, Staphylococcus aureus yhdessä ja koagulaasinegatiivisia stafylokokkeja viidessä vedinkohtaisessa näytteessä (n=318). Yhteismaitonäytteiden (n=19) kokonaispesäkeluvut vaihtelivat välillä 700-1 700 000 pmy (pesäkkeitä muodostava yksikkö)/ml ja somaattisten solujen määrät välillä 52 000-183 000 kpl/ml. Yhteismaitonäytteissä ei todettu Bacillus cereus-, S. aureus- eikä Listeria monocytogenes -bakteereita, mutta viidessä näytteessä todettiin Enterobacteriaceae-heimon bakteereita ja Escherichia coli -bakteereita. Bakteeriviljelyjen perusteella vaadinten utareterveys oli hyvä. Terveiden vaadinten maidon solupitoisuudesta saatiin suunta-antavaa tietoa. Raakamaidossa ei todettu yleisimpiä potentiaalisia ruokamyrkytysten aiheuttajia. Yhteismaidon kokonaispesäkeluvuissa esiintyi suurta vaihtelua ja niiden keskiarvo oli melko korkea (n. 300 000 pmy/ml). Poron raakamaito on hygieeniseltä laadultaan hyvää elintarvikkeiden raakaainetta. Tulokset antavat kuitenkin viitteitä, että itse lypsytapahtuma on porollakin avainasemassa raakamaidon laatuun vaikuttavana tekijänä.
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Bradford, Porcia T., Susan S. Devesa, William F. Anderson, and Jorge R. Toro. "Cutaneous lymphoma incidence patterns in the United States: a population-based study of 3884 cases." Blood 113, no. 21 (May 21, 2009): 5064–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-10-184168.
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Abstract There have been no prior large population-based studies focusing on cutaneous lymphomas (CL) in the United States. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program data, we analyzed age-adjusted CL incidence rates (IRs) and survival rates by sex and race/ethnicity. There were 3884 CLs diagnosed during 2001-2005. Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) accounted for 71% (age-adjusted incidence rate [IR] = 7.7/1 000 000 person-years), whereas cutaneous B-cell lymphomas(CBCLs) accounted for 29% (IR = 3.1/1 000 000 person-years). Males had a statistically significant higher IR of CL than females (14.0 vs 8.2/1 000 000 person-years, respectively; male-female IR ratio [M/F IRR] = 1.72; P < .001). CL IRs were highest among blacks and non-Hispanic whites (both 11.5/1 000 000 person-years), followed by Hispanic whites (7.9) and Asian/Pacific Islanders (7.1). The CTCL IR was highest among blacks (10.0/1 000 000 person-years), whereas the CBCL IR was highest among non-Hispanic whites (3.5). Over the past 25 years, the CL IR increased from 5.0/1 000 000 person-years during 1980-1982 to 14.3 during 2001-2003. During 2004-2005, the CL IR was 12.7. This recent apparent change could be incomplete case ascertainment or potential leveling off of IRs. CLs rates vary markedly by race and sex, supporting the notion that they represent distinct disease entities.
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Malešević, Aleksandar, Aleksandar Radojković, Milan Žunić, Aleksandra Dapčević, Sanja Perać, Zorica Branković, and Goran Branković. "Evaluation of stability and functionality of BaCe1−xInxO3−δ electrolyte in a wider range of indium concentration." Journal of Advanced Ceramics 11, no. 3 (January 12, 2022): 443–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40145-021-0547-1.
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AbstractThe properties of BaCe1−xInxO3−δ (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40) as proton conducting electrolyte are examined. The dense electrolyte is formed after sintering at 1300 °C for 5 h in air. The samples with In content ⩾ 25 mol% contain In2O3 as a secondary phase. The highest total conductivity is around 5×10−3 S/cm for BaCe0.75In0.25O3−δ in the wet hydrogen atmosphere at 700 °C. After exposure to pure CO2 atmosphere at 700 °C for 5 h, the concentrations of at least 15 mol% In can completely suppress degradation of the electrolyte. The power density of Ni-BaCe0.75In0.25O3−δ/BaCe0.75In0.25O3−δ/LSCF-BaCe0.75In0.25O3−δ fuel cell tested in wet hydrogen atmosphere reaches 264 mW/cm2 at 700 °C. This result is an indication of stability and functionality of this electrolyte and its versatility in respect to type of fuel and performing environment.
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Rohsari Indah Utami, Amaliyah, Suwandi Suwandi, Yoga Alun Mustafa, and Maizirwan Mel. "Physical Treatment of Oil Palm Shell for Briquette Production as Bioenergy at Remote Area." E3S Web of Conferences 226 (2021): 00008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202122600008.
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The daily needs of energy in remote areas, Indonesia, is dominated by biomass waste. The abundant types of biomass waste for heat transfer is empty fruits shell (EFS) of oil palm as briquette. This research discussed a brief analysis of oil palm shell by using physical treatment at different crushing pressure. It was also to examine the adequate size of particle for improving the heating value of briquette. The crushing pressure had a height dimension of 20 cm, as well as the briquette mold with a diameter of 2 cm and a height of 1 cm. The oil palm shell which was applied physical treatment at different crushing pressure of 400 J, 550 J, and 700 J, that resulted in particle size is smaller than 800 µm, 800 µm to 1 700 µm, 1 700 µm to 2 000 µm, and bigger than 2 000 µm. The adequate size of particle for briquette was found to be < 800 µm, which reached the heating value of 20 042.32 J g–1 and ash residue of 20 %. This study showed the advantages of oil palm shell briquette by using physical treatment is suitable and sustainable alternative to daily life use in Indonesia.
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Samartin, S., O. Heiri, A. F. Lotter, and W. Tinner. "Climate warming and vegetation response after Heinrich event 1 (16 700–16 000 cal yr BP) in Europe south of the Alps." Climate of the Past 8, no. 6 (November 27, 2012): 1913–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1913-2012.
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Abstract. Chironomids preserved in a sediment core from Lago di Origlio (416 m a.s.l.), a lake in the foreland of the Southern Swiss Alps, allowed quantitative reconstruction of Late Glacial and Early Holocene summer temperatures using a combined Swiss–Norwegian temperature inference model based on chironomid assemblages from 274 lakes. We reconstruct July air temperatures of ca. 10 °C between 17 300 and 16 000 cal yr BP, a rather abrupt warming to ca. 12.0 °C at ca. 16 500–16 000 cal yr BP, and a strong temperature increase at the transition to the Bølling/Allerød interstadial with average temperatures of about 14 °C. During the Younger Dryas and earliest Holocene similar temperatures are reconstructed as for the interstadial. The rather abrupt warming at 16 500–16 000 cal yr BP is consistent with sea-surface temperature as well as speleothem records, which indicate a warming after the end of Heinrich event 1 (sensu stricto) and before the Bølling/Allerød interstadial in southern Europe and the Mediterranean Sea. Pollen records from Origlio and other sites in southern Switzerland and northern Italy indicate an early reforestation of the lowlands 2000–1500 yr prior to the large-scale afforestation of Central Europe at the onset of the Bølling/Allerød period at ca. 14 700–14 600 cal yr BP. Our results suggest that these early afforestation processes in the formerly glaciated areas of northern Italy and southern Switzerland have been promoted by increasing temperatures.
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Camilo, F., C. Y. Ng, B. M. Gaensler, S. M. Ransom, S. Chatterjee, J. Reynolds, and J. Sarkissian. "OUT OF THE FRYING PAN: A YOUNG PULSAR WITH A LONG RADIO TRAIL EMERGING FROM SNR G315.9-0.0." Astrophysical Journal 703, no. 1 (September 2, 2009): L55—L58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/703/1/l55.
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Pershin, К. B., Yu S. Kudryavtseva, N. F. Pashinova, А. Iu Tsygankov, and E. A. Antonov. "Refractive Corneal Lenticule Extraction by CLEAR: Analysis of our own Data 700 Patients." Ophthalmology in Russia 22, no. 1 (March 30, 2025): 47–53. https://doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2025-1-47-53.
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Purpose: analysis of the results of using CLEAR technique on a significant sample of patients with myopia of various degrees.Patients and methods. A total of 700 patients were included. There were 518 female (74%) and 182 male (26%) aged 18 to 50 (28.4 ± 7.6) years. Patients underwent CLEAR surgery (corneal lenticule removal for advanced refractive correction) in both eyes on the FEMTO LDV Z8 multifunctional femtosecond laser system. The average follow-up period for the patients was 6 months.Results. A statistically significant increase of UCDVA from 0.21 ± 0.14 before surgery to 0.95 ± 0.07 in the maximum follow-up period was shown (p < 0.05). Significant positive dynamics of the spherical component of refraction was noted (p < 0.05), with mean values of 0.14 ± 0.34 at the 6-month follow-up period, which corresponded to the target emmetropia. When analyzing the dynamics of the cylindrical component of refraction, its decrease from –0.82 ± 0.39 in the preoperative period to -0.40 ± 0.40 in the maximum followup period was shown (p > 0.05). Keratometry parameters K1 and K2 also showed a tendency to decrease after 1 day of observation with a subsequent increase in the observation period of 6 months. The greatest decrease in corneal thickness was noted on the next day after surgery (from 551.9 ± 34.3 to 439.4 ± 41.8 μm). Further, the increase of this index up to 455.7 ± 34.4 μm in the maximum observation period was noted. Among the complications we noted the loss of vacuum in two cases (0.28 %) at the initial stage of mastering the technique, incisional tear in 6 cases (0.85 %), opaque bubble layer in 7 cases (1 %), single subconjunctival hemorrhages.Conclusion. Our own experience of corneal lenticule removal for advanced refractive correction in 700 patients showed that the technique was easy to master, comfortable for surgeon and the patient, safe and effective in the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism, and there were no significant decrease in corneal thickness during the follow-up period of 6 months.
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Gondek, Stephen, Jill Streams, Robel Beyene, Claci Ayers, Brad Dennis, Christina Hayhurst, Elizabeth Dale Slater, Blair Summitt, and Anne Wagner. "702 Hydroxycobalamin is An Independent Risk Factor for Acute Kidney Injury." Journal of Burn Care & Research 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2023): S127—S128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irad045.177.
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Abstract Introduction Previous studies have reported a correlation between the use of hydroxocobalamin and acute kidney injury (AKI), but this is often attributed to the severity of their burn injury. In this study, we use a matched control group to correct for severity of injury and assess the relationship between hydroxycobalamin and AKI. Methods All patients receiving hydroxycobalamin over a three year period were identified. The patients were matched 1:1 based on TBSA and age to create a control group. Creatinine and change in creatinine every 24 hours for the first 72 hours were recorded and compared, with an increase in creatinine >1.5 being considered an AKI. A retrospective matched cohort study was performed using the student’s T-test for continuous data and a chi squared test for categorical data. Results A total of 50 patients receiving hydroxycobalamin were identified and matched with 50 patients who did not receive hydroxycobalamin. The groups were no signficant differences between groups in terms of age, TBSA or baseline creatinine. Patient receiving hydroxycobalamin had a mean increase of creatinine of 0.13, 0.13 and 0.07 at 24, 48, 72 hours respectively versus 0.0, 0.04 and 0.0 in the control group (p = .09, .06, .49). Qualitatively, 15/50 patients receiving hydroxycobalamin developed AKI vs 2/50 in the control group (p < .001 ), with 6/33 minor burns developing AKI with hydroxycobalamin vs 1/33 in the control group (p=.058). Five patients receiving hydroxycobalamin developed AKI lasting greater than 72 hours, two of which had only minor burns. Conclusions Hydroxycobalamin is an independent risk factor for the development of acute kidney injury, even in the setting of minor burns and should only be used in patients with high risk for cyanide poisoning. Empiric and protocolized use may result in harm to patients and should be discouraged. Applicability of Research to Practice This study demonstrates the risk of AKI with the use of hydroxycobalamin in both major and minor burns, which burn centers should consider when creating protocols regarding potential cyanide poisoning.
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Ishii, M., R. A. Feely, K. B. Rodgers, G. H. Park, R. Wanninkhof, D. Sasano, H. Sugimoto, et al. "Air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> flux in the Pacific Ocean for the period 1990–2009." Biogeosciences 11, no. 3 (February 6, 2014): 709–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-709-2014.
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Abstract. Air–sea CO2 fluxes over the Pacific Ocean are known to be characterized by coherent large-scale structures that reflect not only ocean subduction and upwelling patterns, but also the combined effects of wind-driven gas exchange and biology. On the largest scales, a large net CO2 influx into the extratropics is associated with a robust seasonal cycle, and a large net CO2 efflux from the tropics is associated with substantial interannual variability. In this work, we have synthesized estimates of the net air–sea CO2 flux from a variety of products, drawing upon a variety of approaches in three sub-basins of the Pacific Ocean, i.e., the North Pacific extratropics (18–66° N), the tropical Pacific (18° S–18° N), and the South Pacific extratropics (44.5–18° S). These approaches include those based on the measurements of CO2 partial pressure in surface seawater (pCO2sw), inversions of ocean-interior CO2 data, forward ocean biogeochemistry models embedded in the ocean general circulation models (OBGCMs), a model with assimilation of pCO2sw data, and inversions of atmospheric CO2 measurements. Long-term means, interannual variations and mean seasonal variations of the regionally integrated fluxes were compared in each of the sub-basins over the last two decades, spanning the period from 1990 through 2009. A simple average of the long-term mean fluxes obtained with surface water pCO2 diagnostics and those obtained with ocean-interior CO2 inversions are −0.47 ± 0.13 Pg C yr−1 in the North Pacific extratropics, +0.44 ± 0.14 Pg C yr−1 in the tropical Pacific, and −0.37 ± 0.08 Pg C yr−1 in the South Pacific extratropics, where positive fluxes are into the atmosphere. This suggests that approximately half of the CO2 taken up over the North and South Pacific extratropics is released back to the atmosphere from the tropical Pacific. These estimates of the regional fluxes are also supported by the estimates from OBGCMs after adding the riverine CO2 flux, i.e., −0.49 ± 0.02 Pg C yr−1 in the North Pacific extratropics, +0.41 ± 0.05 Pg C yr−1 in the tropical Pacific, and −0.39 ± 0.11 Pg C yr−1 in the South Pacific extratropics. The estimates from the atmospheric CO2 inversions show large variations amongst different inversion systems, but their median fluxes are consistent with the estimates from climatological pCO2sw data and pCO2sw diagnostics. In the South Pacific extratropics, where CO2 variations in the surface and ocean interior are severely undersampled, the difference in the air–sea CO2 flux estimates between the diagnostic models and ocean-interior CO2 inversions is larger (0.18 Pg C yr−1). The range of estimates from forward OBGCMs is also large (−0.19 to −0.72 Pg C yr−1). Regarding interannual variability of air–sea CO2 fluxes, positive and negative anomalies are evident in the tropical Pacific during the cold and warm events of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation in the estimates from pCO2sw diagnostic models and from OBGCMs. They are consistent in phase with the Southern Oscillation Index, but the peak-to-peak amplitudes tend to be higher in OBGCMs (0.40 ± 0.09 Pg C yr−1) than in the diagnostic models (0.27 ± 0.07 Pg C yr−1).
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Mulenga, Dr Obino, Dr Pius Mausa, and Daniel Nyangoya. "Social Media and Eating Disorders among University Students in Langata Sub-County, Nairobi County-Kenya." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science IX, no. III (2025): 500–521. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90300040.
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With the increase in technology and the proliferation of social media applications in the rise globally with a significant number of that population comprising of university students. Eating habits have also changed among university students, and while researchers have explored many causes of eating disorders, the correlation between social media use and eating disorders has been scantly addressed. This study explored the relationship between social media usage and eating disorders among university students in Langata Sub-county, Nairobi, Kenya. With the rise of social media usage, students increasingly turn to these platforms for academic, social, entertainment and information purposes, often replacing traditional face-to-face interactions. The study aimed to examine three key aspects of social media usage: frequency, forms, and functions, and how they relate to eating disorders. The objectives were to determine the relationship between the frequency of social media use, the specific platforms used, and their functions, alongside proposing strategies to mitigate the social media usage among university students to minimize eating disorders. Grounded in Social Comparison Theory and Uses and Gratification Theory, the study adopted a mixed-methods approach through a sequential explanatory research design. This study targeted 14,081 university students, with a sample size of 282. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed descriptively and inferentially using SPSS version 26, while qualitative data was collected using interview guides and analyzed thematically. Results obtained for Not at all showed a weak, non-significant negative correlation (-.123, p = .059), Less than 1 Hour gave negative correlation (-.194, p = .003,1 to 3 Hours showed a weak positive and significant correlation (.020, p = .767), 3 to 5 Hours gave a significant positive correlation (.230, p = .000) and More than 5 Hours gave a moderate positive correlation (.457, p < .001). All the four platforms showed a significant correlation-Twitter(X) (r=.578, p=.000), Facebook (r=.518, p=.000), Instagram (r=.485, p=.000) and TikTok (r=.428, p=.000). The functions also revealed positive associations- social use (p=.559, p<.001), academic use (p=.652, p<.001), informative use (p=.707, p<.001) and entertainment use (p=.707, p<.001). The students were resilient with a mean score ranging from 2.78 to 3.10 out of the possible 5.00. While some students actively sought ways to cope with social media challenges others struggled with adaptability. The findings highlighted the need for targeted interventions to enhance resilience and promote healthy social media habits.
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Li, Gao, Wenyao Li, Kaibing Xu, Rujia Zou, Zhigang Chen, and Junqing Hu. "Sponge-like NiCo2O4/MnO2 ultrathin nanoflakes for supercapacitor with high-rate performance and ultra-long cycle life." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 21 (2014): 7738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta01337a.
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We present a simple strategy for synthesis of sponge-like NiCo2O4/MnO2 ultrathin nanoflakes which exhibit a high specific capacitance of 935 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, excellent rate performance (700 F g-1 at 50 A g−1), and ultra-long cycling stability (103.1% of the initial value after 25 000 cycles).
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Brumitt, Jason, Marcey Keefer Hutchison, Dan Kang, Zach Klemmer, Mike Stroud, Edward Cheng, Neil Patrick Cayanan, and Sheldon Shishido. "Blood Flow Restriction Training for the Rotator Cuff: A Randomized Controlled Trial." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 15, no. 8 (September 1, 2020): 1175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0815.
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Context: Blood flow restriction (BFR) training utilizes a tourniquet, applied to the proximal portion of one or more extremities, to occlude blood flow during exercise. Significant gains in strength and cross-sectional area can be achieved in muscles, both distal and proximal to BFR cuff application. Purpose: To compare strength gains of the rotator cuff and changes in tendon size in subjects who performed side-lying external-rotation exercise with or without BFR. Methods: Forty-six subjects (mean age 25.0 [2.2] y) were randomized to either a BFR + exercise group or to the exercise-only group. Subjects performed 4 sets of the exercise (30/15/15/15 repetitions) at 30% 1-repetition maximum 2 days per week for 8 weeks. Results: Subjects in both groups experienced strength gains in the supraspinatus and the external rotators (P = .000, P = .000). However, there was no difference in strength gains between groups for the supraspinatus (P = .750) or the external rotators (P = .708). Subjects in both groups experienced increases in supraspinatus tendon thickness (BFR P = .041, exercise only P = .011). However, there was no difference between groups (P = .610). Conclusions: Exercise with BFR applied to the proximal upper extremity did not augment rotator cuff strength gains or tendon thickness when compared with subjects who only exercised. This study did demonstrate that performing multiple sets of high repetitions at a low load led to significant increases in rotator cuff strength and tendon size in the dominant upper extremity.
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Silva, Marcos Pereira, Marília Evelyn Rodrigues Oliveira, Francisco Marcos Costa Batista, Maria Rita de Morais Chaves Santos, Maria Gardennia Fonseca, and Edson Cavalcanti Silva Filho. "Organofunctionalization of Natural Palygorskite with Ethylene Sulfide in the Absence of a Solvent." Materials Science Forum 869 (August 2016): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.869.176.
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The search for functional materials has increased daily in order to improve their functionality while maintaining a low cost. Among the materials of considerable interest are clays and within them is a particular clay known as palygorskite, which contains a hydrated silicate of aluminum and magnesium with a fibrous morphology. This work achieved the organofunctionalization of palygorskite with ethylene sulfide in the absence of a solvent. Through the elemental analysis of sulphur, the incorporation of 9.73 ± 0.36 mmol g-1 was identified. A significant decrease in the crystallographic planes (110) and (040) was identified in the XRD. The FTIR showed vibrations of stretching and deformation of the methylene groups in the region below 3000 and in 1421 cm-1, respectively. The deformation related to the C-S group in the region of 700 and 600 cm-1, and the surface area (BET) showed a significant reduction from 113 to 7 m2 g-1. Additionally, the SEM presented a loss of fibrous character.
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Jones, M. J. "Plant Population, Rainfall and Sorghum Production in Botswana. I. Results of Experiment Station Trials." Experimental Agriculture 23, no. 3 (July 1987): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700017221.
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SUMMARYGeneral mathematical relations between yield parameters, plant populations and rainfall were developed for an indigenous sorghum from the results of 28 population/row spacing trials conducted at four sites over five seasons. Populations maximizing yield increased from 25 000 to 69 000 plants ha−1 over the rainfall range 200–700 mm (pre-planting to harvest total). Tillering partly compensated for low populations but yields from 10000 plants ha−1 at 300 and 600 mm rainfall were only 80 and 61% of potential maximum, respectively. Row spacing at constant population affected tiller numbers and eventual panicle weights but not panicle numbers, and any yield differences were unrelated to rainfall.
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Samartin, S., O. Heiri, A. F. Lotter, and W. Tinner. "Climate warming and vegetation response at the end of Heinrich event 1 (16 700–16 000 cal yr BP) in Europe south of the Alps." Climate of the Past Discussions 8, no. 3 (May 3, 2012): 1615–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-8-1615-2012.
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Abstract. Chironomids preserved in a sediment core from Lago di Origlio (416 m a.s.l.), a lake in the foreland of the Southern Swiss Alps, allowed quantitative reconstruction of Late Glacial and early Holocene temperatures using a combined Swiss-Norwegian temperature inference model based on chironomid assemblages from 274 lakes. We reconstruct July air temperatures of ca. 10 °C between 17 300 and 16 000 cal yr BP, a rather abrupt warming to ca. 12.0 °C at ca. 16 500–16 000 cal yr BP, and a strong temperature increase at the transition to the Bølling/Allerød Interstadial with average temperatures of about 14 °C. During the Younger Dryas and earliest Holocene very similar temperatures are reconstructed as for the interstadial. The rather abrupt warming at 16 500–16 000 cal yr BP is consistent with sea-surface temperature as well as speleotherm records, which indicate a marked Pre-Bølling warming after the end of Heinrich event 1 in southern Europe and the Mediterranean Sea. The pollen record of Origlio and other sites from southern Switzerland and northern Italy indicate an early reforestation of the lowlands prior to the large-scale afforestation at the onset of the Bølling period at 14 700 cal yr BP in Central Europe. Our results suggest that these afforestation processes in the formerly glaciated areas of southern Switzerland and Northern Italy have been promoted by increasing temperatures.
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Pourbabaei, Hassan, Ali Salehi, Sepide Sadat Ebrahimi, and Fazel Khodaparast. "Variations of soil physicochemical properties and vegetation cover under different altitudinal gradient, western Hyrcanean forest, north of Iran." Journal of Forest Science 66, No. 4 (April 30, 2020): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/136/2019-jfs.
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This study was done to quantify the amount of soil organic matter and to evaluate physicochemical properties and vegetation cover changes along the altitudinal gradient. Nine altitudinal transects were selected from 100 m a.s.l. to 1 700 m a.s.l. Then, 160 circular plots of 1 000 m2 area with a distance of 150 m from each other were studied. Soil texture, bulk density, particle density, soil base saturation, phosphorus and potassium values did not indicate any specific variation pattern. Whereas pH decreased powerfully, the highest and the lowest value of pH was measured at 100 m a.s.l. and 1 700 m a.s.l., respectively. Soil organic carbon content increased significantly with increasing altitude (P ≤ 0.01). Density of trees decreased dramatically from 100 to 900 m a.s.l., whereas this trend was ascending from 1 100 to 1 700 m a.s.l. Density of shrub species increased with increasing altitude along the gradient and the highest value was revealed at 1 300 m a.s.l. The highest percentage of herbaceous species cover was found at a lower altitude and a decreasing trend was found along the altitudinal gradient.
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Vega Sevilla, L. F., M. A. Villarreal-Alarcón, D. P. Flores-Gutierrez, N. De Avila Gonzalez, I. D. J. Hernandez-Galarza, J. A. Cardenas-de la Garza, and D. Á. Galarza-Delgado. "POS0798-HPR PREVALENCE OF RISK FOR ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 692.2–693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.2788.
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BackgroundPatients with chronic diseases have a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression. The complex relationship between chronic diseases and mental health disorders can influence each other negatively. (1)ObjectivesTo determine anxiety and depression symptoms prevalence in an out-patient rheumatology clinic, and its associated factors.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. Patients > 16 years old with a rheumatologic disease were included. Data from medical history were collected. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was applied from March to November 2022. A score from 0-7 points is classified as low risk, 8-10 as intermediate risk, and >11 as high risk. Patients with high risk were referred to an evaluation by Psychiatry in the same clinic. We compared groups according to HADS scores using Kruskal-Wallis or Chi-square test.ResultsA total of 705 patients were included, 658 women, demographic characteristics in Table 1. Most common diagnosis was RA, followed by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). High anxiety risk was found in 125 patients, median disease duration of 6 years. Sixteen patients had high risk for depression, median disease duration of 10 years. Intermediate risk of depression was assessed in 15 patients, median disease duration of 10 years. We received 38 patients that accepted to be referred to a psychiatric evaluation. An association was found between high risk of anxiety and gender (p=0.019), no association was found with age or menopause. High risk of anxiety was more prevalent (n=125) than depression (n=16), and patients with intermediate risk for depression showed a higher prevalence of intermediate and high risk for anxiety (p=.000).ConclusionWe found that high risk of anxiety was more prevalent than depression. Higher risk of anxiety was found in female patients. Almost 1 of every 5 patients with rheumatic diseases has an intermediate risk for anxiety. The implementation of a mental health screening tool can help patients receive earlier attention by a specialist.References[1]Hayward G, Mandela R, Barr A, Freeston J, Vandevelde C, Marzo-Ortega H. Counselling services embedded within rheumatology clinics could help bridge the gap in mental health care provision for adults with rheumatic diseases. Rheumatol Adv Pract. 2022;6(3):rkac080.[2]Maldonado G, Ríos C, Paredes C, Ferro C, Intriago MJ, Aguirre C, et al. Depression in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition). 2017;24(2):84-91.Table 1.Demographic, clinical and rheumatic disease characteristics.CharacteristicsHADS A lowHADS A interHADS A highpHADS D lowHADS D interHADS D highp(n= 477)(n=103)(n=125)(n= 674)(n=15)(n=16)Age, years, median (iQR)51.0 (42.5-61.0)51.0 (45.0-61.0)56.0 (45.0-64.0)NS52.0 (43.0-61.0)60.0 (38.0-63.0)59.5 (40.5-69.0)NSWomen, n (%)437 (91.6)98 (95.1)123 (98.4)0.019628 (93.1)98 (100)15 (93.7)NSDisease duration, years, mean5.0 (1.0-10.0)4.0 (1.00-10.0)6.0 (2.25-12.0)NS5.0 (1.0-10.0)10.0 (1.00-20.0)10.0 (4.25-20.0)NSAge of diagnose, years, median (iQR)45 (32.0-53.5)45.9 (35.0-54.0)48.0 (37.0-56.7)NS45.0 (33.5-54.0)45.0 (31.0-59.0)47.0 (28.3-58.5)NSComorbidities, #, median (iQR)0.0 (0.0-1.0)0.0 (0.0-1.0)0.0 (0.0-1.0)NS0.0 (0.0-1.0)1.0 (0.0-1.0)1.0 (0.0-1.0)NSRA, n (%)249 (52.2)52 (50.4)53 (42.4)NS341 (50.5)6 (40.0)7 (43.7)NSLES, n (%)67 (14.0)12 (11.6)15 (12.0)89 (13.2)1 (6.6)4 (25.0)FM, n (%)14 (2.9)2 (1.9)3 (2.4)18 (2.6)1 (6.6)0 (0)SS, n (%)10 (2.0)4 (3.8)5 (4.0)18 (2.6)1 (6.6)0 (0)SCLERODERMA, n (%)10 (2.0)2 (1.9)1 (0.8)12 (1.7)1 (6.6)0 (0)OP, n (%)15 (3.1)2 (1.9)7 (5.6)22 (3.2)1 (6.6)1 (6.2)Overlap, n (%)31 (6.4)10 (9.7)21 (16.8)57 (8.4)3 (20.0)2 (12.5)Other, n (%)81 (16.9)19 (18.4)19 (15.2)116 (17.2)1 (6.6)2 (12.5)iQR interquartile range, RA reumathoid arthritis, SLE systemic lupus erytemathosus, FM fibromyalgia, SS Sjogren´s syndrome, OP osteopeniaDisclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Robertson, Catherine. "Call for papers, JOVACET 4(1), 2021." Journal of Vocational, Adult and Continuing Education and Training 3, no. 1 (October 22, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14426/jovacet.v3i1.133.
Full textAbstract:
You are invited to submit an abstract for the fifth issue of JOVACET to be published in October 2021.
Deadline for abstract submissions: Friday, 26 February 2021.
Abstracts should comprise a maximum of 700 words and be submitted in MS Word format via the journal website at www.jovacet.ac.za or emailed to Dr Catherine Robertson at cathy@tcrobertson.co.za. Should you prefer to submit a full article, please limit the number of words to 8 000, which includes the abstract and list of references. The website will provide the style guide.
Contributors may share any recent research relevant to the theme and the TVET/adult learning sector. Therefore, submissions of papers are invited that respond to this call to share recent research, its conceptual framing and its findings, with a view to identifying areas of further research for exploration. Submissions should be of high quality and follow academic research/writing conventions in the social sciences. Specifications can be found on the JOVACET website or obtained from Dr Catherine Robertson at the email address above.
We look forward to receiving your submissions!
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Effendy, John D. Kildea, and Allan H. White. "Lewis-Base Adducts of Group 11 Metal(I) Compounds. LXVIII Synthesis and Structural Systematics of Some 1 : 3 Adducts of Silver(I) Compounds with Triphenylstibine, [(Ph3Sb)3AgX], X = Cl, I, SCN, NCS, CN, ONO2." Australian Journal of Chemistry 50, no. 6 (1997): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c96035.
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The syntheses and room-temperature single-crystal X-ray structural characterization of 1 : 3 adducts formed between silver(I) (pseudo-) halides, AgX, and triphenylstibine, SbPh3, are described for X = Cl, I, SCN, NCS, CN, NO3 (1)-(6). The chloride, as its methanol solvate (1a), is isomorphous with the arsine analogue: triclinic, P-1, a 13·373(4), b 14·48(6), c 14·702(3) Å, α 83·49(3), β 87·76(2), γ 76·45(3)°; Z = 2, conventional R on F being 0·046 for No 5514 independent ‘observed’ reflections (I > 3σ(I )). A new form (1b) of the chloride has also been authenticated: monoclinic, P 21/c, a 12·832(2), b 54·24(1), c 18·519(8) Å, β 129·68(3)°; Z = 8 (R 0·065 for No 5672). No bromide has been obtained; the iodide (2) is described as monoclinic, P 21/n, a 19·611(4), b 14·473(6), c 17·74(1) Å, β 98·28(3)°; Z = 4 (R 0·036 for No 6769). The thiocyanate crystallizes from acetonitrile or pyridine as an S-bonded form (3) isomorphous with the arsine analogue: monoclinic, P 21/n, a 19·143(7), b 14·288(5), c 18·694(6) Å, β 98·81(2)°; Z = 4 (R 0·037 for No 4482). From 2-methylpyridine, remarkably, a solvate is obtained in which the thiocyanate is N-bonded (4): triclinic, P-1, a 27·261(5), b 14·767(3), c 13·319(1) Å, α 91·53(1), β 101·58(1), γ 92·29(2)°; Z = 4 (R 0·045 for No 6900). The cyanide is also monoclinic, P 21/n, a 19·442(7), b 14·267(3), c 17·741(6) Å, β 97·63(3)°, z = 4; R 0·057 for No 2487. The unsolvated 1 : 3 nitrate complex (6a) is monoclinic, P 21/n, a 19·602(5), b 14·455(1), c 17·727(2) Å, β 97·19(2)°, Z = 4; R was 0·034 for No 6522. The complex is isomorphous with the arsenic and phosphorus analogues, being mononuclear [(Ph3Sb)3Ag(O2NO)]. The ethanol solvate (6b) is triclinic, P-1, a 13·352(5), b 14·548(9), c 14·701(4) Å, α 81·64(4), β 84·45(3), γ 75·32(4)°, Z = 2; R was 0·058 for No 4702. Ag-Sb range between 2·6980(8) and 2·843(3) Å in the precise determinations; Ag-X are 2·481(4) and 2·52(1) Å (the two chlorides), 2·757(1) (I), 2·533(3) (SCN), 2·21(1) (NCS), 2· 09(3) (CN), 2·377(7) Å (unidentate ONO2)
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Kawabata, Tokimasa, Kenji Matsuda, and Susumu Ikeno. "HRTEM Observation of Precipitates in Mg-Gd-Zr and Mg-Y-Zr Alloys Aged at 423 K." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 1205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.1205.
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High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) observation was performed to clarify the early stage of precipitation in Mg-Gd (-Zr) alloy and Mg-Y(-Zr) alloy aged at 423 K. At the early stage of agigng at 423 K, the intensity of the diffuse spots become higher at the 1/2 distance of 1100 or 2110 corresponding to magnesium matrix spots with aging time. Contrasts of mono layers on {100}Mgplanes, and the feature of D019type structure, precipitates with five layers corresponding the feature of (020)b'plane and b' phase co-existed and b' phase formed predominantly in the peak aged Mg-Gd (-Zr) alloy at 423 K, wheres in the peak aged Mg-Y(-Zr) alloy at 423 K, monolayer and precursor of precipitates with five layers corresponding the feature of (020)b'plane formed predominantly.
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Kalezic, Nevena, Radoje Milosavljevic, Ivan Paunovic, Vladan Zivaljevic, Aleksandar Diklic, Danica Matic, Branislava Ivanovic, and Vojislava Neskovic. "The incidence of difficult intubation in 2 000 patients undergoing thyroid surgery: A single center experience." Vojnosanitetski pregled 66, no. 5 (2009): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0905377k.
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Background/Aim. The incidence of difficult intubation (DI) is 1-10%, and DI leading to inability to intubate occurs in 0.04% of the population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of DI in thyroid surgery and to assess possible correlation of difficult tracheal intubation with sex and primary diagnosis. Methods. We studied 2 000 consecutive patients (1 705 females) scheduled for thyroid surgery who were assessed for DI prior to general anesthesia, with respect to primary disease diagnosis and sex. Patients were divided into four groups: patients with nodal goiter (group A), polynodal goiter (group B), hyperthyroidism (group C) and thyroid carcinoma (group D). Difficult intubation was predicted using the scoring system which included 13 parameters ranged from 0 to 2. Additive score > 5 was accepted as a predictor of DI. True DI was defined as impossible visualization of glottis with direct laryngoscopy (grade III and IV). Results. Difficult intubation was observed in 110/2 000 patients (5.5%). The incidence of DI was higher in males (26/295, 8.8%) then females (84/1 705, 4.9%) (p < 0.01). The incidence of DI was highest in the group B (6.2%). Extremely DI occurred in 15/2000 patients (0.75%), the most of them in the group C (1.1%). Sensitivity of used scoring system was 91.8% and specificity 86.5%. Conclusions. The incidence of DI was highest in patients with polynodal goiter but extremely DI was present mostly in patients with hyperthiroidism. Men seem to be at higher risk for DI than women. Scoring system used in this study for prediction of DI may be useful in this patient population.
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Rykl, Drahoš, Vojtěch Chalupský, and František Pechar. "Phase transitions of natural scolecite." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 3 (1986): 516–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19860516.
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Based on DTA and TGA, the natural zeolite scolecite (Teigarhorn, Iceland) was subjected to decomposition at temperature of 20, 250, 300, 400, 450, 500, 590, 720 and 1 000 °C; the decomposition products were identified by powder X-ray diffraction analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The crystal structure of scolecite remains stable up to 200 °C only; then it begins to transform into a metaphase and at temperatures above 350 °C, into an amorphous phase from which anortite and the high-temperature quartz modification form at 700 - 1 000 °C. Dehydration of scolecite occurs in four steps. A considerable weakening of the O-H stretching vibrations and vanishing of the water bending vibrations occur at 450 °C. The remaining water splits heterolytically and forms structural O-H groups which persist up to 1 00 °C.
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Motcho, K. H. "Croissance urbaine et insécurité dans la ville de Niamey." Geographica Helvetica 59, no. 3 (September 30, 2004): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-59-199-2004.
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Abstract. Née de la colonisation, la ville de Niamey comptait 1 730 habitants en 1931 et plus de 15 000 en 1953, soit une croissance annuelle de 7%. A partir de 1970, ce taux augmente pour atteindre 10%. En 1988, la capitale du Niger comptait 400 000 habitants. Aujourd'hui, eile en comporte près de 700 000. L'extension de la ville a été tout aussi rapide: en 1970, Niamey couvrait 1 367 ha, alors que sa superficie atteint plus de 10 000 ha aujourd'hui. Cette urbanisation galopante pose avec acuité des problèmes de sécurité. Vols à la tire, cambriolages et braquages, contre lesquels les quelques fonctionnaires de la police sont impuissants, fönt aujourd'hui partie du vécu des Niaméens. Cette insécurité grandissante est malheureusement le résultat de deux facteurs principaux qui sont intimement liés: la paupérisation grandissante de la population et la faiblesse du mode d'encadrement des jeunes. La délinquance juvénile prend de plus en plus d'ampleur, comme en témoigne le très grand nombre d'enfants de la rue qui, à l'occasion, commettent de petits larcins ou, au pire, sont les indicateurs des grands délinquants.
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Marfo, S. A., P. Opoku Appau, J. Acquah, and E. M. Amarfio. "Flow Assurance in Subsea Pipeline Design - A Case Study of Ghana’s Jubilee and TEN Fields." Ghana Mining Journal 19, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gm.v19i1.9.
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The increasing exploration and production activities in the offshore Cape Three Point Blocks of Ghana have led to the discovery and development of gas condensate fields in addition to the oil fields which produce significant amount of condensate gas. These discoveries require pipelines to transport the fluids avoiding hydrates and wax formation. This paper focuses on subsea pipeline design using Pipesim software that addresses flow assurance problems associated with transporting condensate gas from the Jubilee and TEN Fields to the Atuabo Gas Processing Plant. It also considered an alternate design that eliminates the need for capacity increase of flowlines for the futuristic highest projected flow rates in 2030. The design comprises of two risers and two flowlines. Hydrate formation temperature was determined to be 72.5 ˚F at a pressure of 3 000 psig. The insulation thickness for flowlines 1 and 2 were determined to be 1.5 in. and 2 in. respectively. The pipe size for flowlines 1 and 2 were determined to be 12 in. and 14 in. respectively. The maximum designed flow rate was determined to be 150 MMSCFD. To meet the highest projected flow rate of 700 MMSCFD in the year 2030 at the processing plant, a 16 in. ID pipeline of 44 km length was placed parallel to the 12 in. ID flowline 1. This parallel pipeline increased the designed flow rate by approximately 4.7 times (705 MMSCFD). The alternate design employs 18 in. and 20 in. ID pipes for flowlines 1 and 2 respectively. Keywords: Condensate Gas; Flowline; Flow Assurance; Hydrate; Pipesim
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Mbuza, F. M. B. "THE INDIGENOUS DOMESTIC ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES OF UGANDA." Animal Genetic Resources Information 15 (April 1995): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900000407.
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SUMMARYThe author discusses the overall availability and economic role of indigenous livestock resources in Uganda. After a distinct reduction in number during the 80's, there is now an upsurge in the cattle number (4 300 000 in 199 1). The better milk yielding Ankole (Songa cattle) represents nearly half of those cattle, while just over 32% are of the zebu short-horn type (mainly the stocky Nkedi and the large framed Karamojong). The remaining 18% are of the non-distinct Nganda type that probably originated the crossbreeding of the Ankole and zebu shorthorns. While there are no exact data concemin crossbreeding with exotic breeds, it is estimated that there are some 30 000 exotic beef and dairy cattle and around 100 000 crossbreeds. The total goat population remained reasonably stable in recent years (3 700 000 of which 2 000 000 are breeding females). The majority (I 500 000) belong to the distinct smallbodied East Afiican goat type (25–30 kg liveweight), the two other distinct populations being those originating in the Mubende (4 230 000) and the Kigezi (930 000) regions. Both are predominantly black coloured, the Mubende being characterized by a short and fine coathair, the Kigezi being longhaired. All sheep breeds are fat-tailed. The Masai (216 000) is found in the Eastern and Northern part of the country, the Black-head (490 000) in the East and the so-called East Mrican long-tail (257 000) all over the country. The author indicates that there is an indigenous pig type (670 000) and some 1 200 000“village”chickens.
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Yerys, Benjamin E., Sha Tao, Lindsay Shea, and Gregory L. Wallace. "Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Medicaid-Enrolled Autistic Adults." JAMA Network Open 8, no. 2 (February 12, 2025): e2453402. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.53402.
Full textAbstract:
ImportanceAutistic adults experience suboptimal health outcomes. Likewise, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is linked to poor health outcomes in the general population, yet little is known about co-occurring ADHD and its links with poor health outcomes among autistic adults.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of ADHD and ADHD medication prescriptions and to examine associations between health outcomes and both ADHD co-occurrence and ADHD medication prescriptions among autistic adults.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsPopulation-based cohort study of US Medicaid-enrolled adults aged 18 years and older, including autistic adults with and without co-occurring intellectual disability (ID), adults with ID without autism, and adults from a random sample of Medicaid-enrolled individuals from 2008 to 2019. Analyses were completed September 2023 to September 2024.ExposuresAutism, ADHD, and ID using validated algorithms from the Chronic Conditions Warehouse.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrevalence rates of co-occurring ADHD, ADHD medication prescriptions, substance use, cardiovascular conditions, injury in autism without ID, ID without autism, autism with ID, and the general population.ResultsThe study included 3 506 661 patients (mean [SD] age, 33.5 [15.6] years; 1 854 892 [52.9%] female; 702 694 [20.0%] Black, 587 048 [16.7%] Hispanic, and 1 786 703 [60.0%] White). Compared with the general Medicaid-enrolled population (1 846 102 patients), which had 49 523 patients (2.7%) with co-occurring ADHD diagnoses, this study found elevated rates of ADHD in autism without ID (280 195 patients [26.7%]; prevalence ratio [PR], 5.1; 95% CI, 4.4-5.9), autism with ID (261 061 patients [40.2%]; PR, 6.8; 95% CI, 6.0-7.7), and ID without autism (1 119 303 patients [19.0%]; PR, 4.4; 95% CI, 4.0-5.0). A total of 117 704 adults (26.6%) with ADHD received an ADHD medication prescription. The study identified that rates of substance use were higher among clinical groups with co-occurring ADHD. For example, 9886 of 74 675 autistic adults with ADHD (13.2%) had substance use disorder, compared with 11 782 of 205 520 autistic adults with no ADHD (5.7%). ADHD diagnoses were associated with higher rates of all health outcomes, regardless of group. Substance use was higher in both ID groups with ADHD diagnoses and ADHD medications, whereas injury and cardiovascular condition rates were lower in all ADHD groups who received ADHD medications.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of Medicaid-enrolled adults, autistic adults experienced high rates of co-occurring ADHD and were more likely to receive ADHD medication prescriptions than adults in the general population. Negative health outcome rates are higher among autistic people with co-occurring ADHD, although ADHD medication prescriptions are associated with lower rates of negative health outcomes. Treating ADHD may improve health among autistic adults.