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Apriani, Ike, Dede Heri Yuli Yanto, Poedji Loekitowati Hariani, Hary Widjajanti, and Oktan Dwi Nurhayat. "Potential of White Rot Fungi from Berbak-Sembilang National Park, Indonesia for Decolorization and Detoxification Commercial Direct Dyes." Trends in Sciences 21, no. 6 (April 10, 2024): 7610. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2024.7610.
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Commercial direct dyes are frequently employed in the dyeing of Jumputan, a traditional craft originating from South Sumatra, Indonesia. The introduction of synthetic dyes into the environment can have a detrimental impact on ecosystem stability, necessitating the implementation of remedial measures. There has been a growing interest in the utilization of White Rot Fungi (WRF) as a viable biological agent for the purpose of decolorizing and detoxifying synthetic colors. However, it is imperative to investigate the isolated WRF from Berbak-Sembilang National Park (TNBS) due to the varying capacities of decolorization and detoxification exhibited by each WRF. The study involved 5 WRF from TNBS screened in solid media, and grown in a liquid medium containing commercial direct dyes (direct turquoise, direct orange and direct yellow). WRF grown on liquid medium contains a single dye, mixture dyes and temperature characterization. It measured decolorization, biomass and enzyme activities. Toxicity is measured by the BSLT method. The findings indicated that 3 specific fungi, namely Phellinus noxius (BRB 11), Lentinus sajor-caju (BRB 12) and Leotrametes menziesii (BRB 73), exhibited a significant capacity to remove the color from both individual and mixture of direct dyes through the production of laccase and MnP enzymes. The optimal temperature for decolorization of the mixture of direct dyes was 35 °C for BRB 11 (61.4 %) and BRB 73 (60.7 %), whereas BRB 12 (47.4 %) exhibited optimal temperature at 30 °C. The toxicity assay conducted using A. salina showed a progressive rise in the LC50 value, from 15.37 mgL−1 in the control group to a range of 21.63 - 35.84 mgL−1 in the treated group, indicating a detoxification process. However, the most toxic isolate was BRB 12. This study proposes the potential of 2 isolates, Phellinus noxius (BRB 11) and Leotrametes menziesii BRB 73, from TNBS for degradation of single and mixture dye wastewater in the environment. HIGHLIGHTS The discovery of 3 White Rot Fungi from TNBS (Indonesia) has the ability to remove color and reduce the level of toxicity of commercial direct dyes, both individual and mixture of commercial direct dyes. Uncovering one of White Rot Fungi has not been widely published for decolorization and detoxification commercial direct dyes, namely Leotrametes menziesii (BRB 73). The optimal temperature was 35 °C for decolorization of commercial direct dyes by Phellinus noxius (BRB 11) and Leotrametes menziesii (BRB 73) GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Ferrer-Roca, O., M. Estevez, and E. Gomez. "The environment for telemedicine in the Canary Islands." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 4, no. 3 (September 1, 1998): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/1357633981932145.
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We studied the environment for telemedicine in the Canary Islands. The population's attitude to telemedicine was surveyed in 503 questionnaire interviews with doctors, nurses, paramedical staff and patients on the seven islands. Almost half the respondents 46-50 across groups had a positive opinion of telemedicine. We also collected data about telephone medicine. A total of 479 medical-support telephone calls were made to four doctors, in psychiatry, ophthalmology and paediatrics. The telephone calls resolved the problem in 73 of cases and 86 would have come to the doctor if not made. Therapy was prescribed in 11 and 10 were just for information. The number of telephone calls per day was highest in psychiatry. Finally, we carried out a detailed analysis of the number of transfers between the islands 14,942 people in 1995 and 22,418 in 1996 . According to the number of transfers and location of the referral hospital, oncology, psychiatry, dermatology and traumatology were the specialties that would be most likely to benefit from telemedicine.
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PETROVSKA, Yuliana. "SOCIAL POSTER AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION DESIGN IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT." Humanities science current issues 3, no. 73 (2024): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2308-4863/73-3-11.
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Belova, Ekaterina Aleksandrovna, and Olga Ashotovna Martirosova. "SIMULATION OF THE RAMSAY VIRUS VERSION 2.B IN THE ANYLOGIC SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT." Chronos 7, no. 11(73) (December 13, 2022): 108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.52013/2658-7556-73-11-30.
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The paper describes in detail the principles of the Ramsay version 2.b virus, shows the vulnerability that is exploited by malicious files, describes the principle of the virus with a visual illustration of the scheme of the components of the Ramsay version 2.b virus, and simulates the Ramsay version 2.b virus in the AnyLogic software package.
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Dirksmeier, Peter. "Die Emergenz der Masse – zur Urbanität im globalen Süden." Geographica Helvetica 73, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-11-2018.
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Abstract. The potentiality of crowds, in terms of possibilities for achieving a livelihood in the big and dense cities, gains centre stage in contemporary urban studies dealing with the global South. These emergent effects of crowds act as dissociation of further work in urban theory from the global North that often displays a universalistic claim. However, contemporary urban theory both from the global South and North has astonishing less to say about internal processes of crowds that could be interpreted as emerging effects. The paper analyses the work on crowds by Peter Sloterdijk and the performative theory of assembly by Judith Butler in terms of theoretical possibilities to enrich contemporary thinking on urbanity in the South. The paper accentuates two important arguments for urban theory that could be fit into existing work in the field. Sloterdijk emphasises the “affective synthesis” of crowds and the build environment as an important mechanism of interaction between crowds and urbanity, whereas Butler elaborates the performative effect of crowds to articulate the right of owning attested rights.
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Kalachevska, L. "Impact of competitive environment components on management of rural innovative development." Scientific Horizons 72, no. 11 (2018): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33249/2663-2144-2018-72-11-73-81.
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Shil, SC, BC Sarker, A. Akter, and B. Bakali. "Environmental awareness among the industrial workers: A study in Tangail district, Bangladesh." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 11, no. 1 (March 5, 2014): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18228.
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The Principal determination of the study was to fix the extent of environmental sentience among the different classes of industrial workers. A hundred ten workers were selected through purposive sampling technique from several industries in the region of Tangail district, Bangladesh. Among the selected workers, the female respondents were 37 in number and rests of the 73 were male. The workers were asked questions to appraise their level of understanding considering environment, environmental issues, and their persuasion to solve the different environmental problems. The determinations disclosed that, majority (91.8%) of the workers have approximately general conception about environment, idea about pollution of environmental constituents, Global warming and climate change awareness. From the view of most (85.5%) of the workers, the country is most vulnerable due to environmental pollution and not executing competent rules and ordinance along with public awareness. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18228 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 159-164, 2013
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Gauld, Robin, and Simon Horsburgh. "Did healthcare professional perspectives on the quality and safety environment in New Zealand public hospitals change from 2012 to 2017?" Journal of Health Organization and Management 34, no. 7 (September 21, 2020): 775–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-11-2019-0331.
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PurposeThe work environment is known to influence professional attitudes toward quality and safety. This study sought to measure these attitudes amongst health professionals working in New Zealand District Health Boards (DHBs), initially in 2012 and again in 2017.Design/methodology/approachThree questions were included in a national New Zealand health professional workforce survey conducted in 2012 and again in 2017. All registered health professionals employed with DHBs were invited to participate in an online survey. Areas of interest included teamwork amongst professionals; involvement of patients and families in efforts to improve patient care and ease of speaking up when a problem with patient care is perceived.FindingsIn 2012, 57% of respondents (58% in 2017) agreed health professionals worked as a team; 71% respondents (73% in 2017) agreed health professionals involved patients and families in efforts to improve patient care and 69% (65% in 2017) agreed it was easy to speak up in their clinical area, with none of these changes being statistically significant. There were some response differences by respondent characteristics.Practical implicationsWith no change over time, there is a demand for improvement. Also for leadership in policy, management and amongst health professionals if goals of improving quality and safety are to be delivered upon.Originality/valueThis study provides a simple three-question method of probing perceptions of quality and safety and an important set of insights into progress in New Zealand DHBs.
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Zlokazov, Kirill V. "The Attitude of the Criminogenic Individual Social Environment." Victimology 10, no. 4 (February 28, 2024): 512–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47475/2411-0590-2023-10-4-512-524.
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Social environment of a person has a significant impact on criminalization of a person . Scientific literature analyzes the criminogenic influence of its individual participants — family members and relatives, members of informal groups and communities . Consequently, its structural organization, key functions of relations with social environment, possibilities of their change for decriminalization and post-penitentiary reintegration are unclear . Objective of the study: to examine relationship of a criminogenic person with social environment . Methods: method of data collection is a survey . Parameters of social environment that are studied: volume, stability, homogeneity, limitations of autonomy and reference; studied characteristics of interaction: received support and assistance, effectiveness of interaction, influence . The methods of processing results are descriptive statistics and rank comparison criterion (Mann-Whitney U-criterion) .The study sample consists of 388 people, 171 of whom are classified as persons with law-abiding behavior (Mean age — 36,3 years, SD — 12,3 years; men — 77 %) . The remaining part is made up of persons under administrative supervision, of whom 114 persons were under criminal punishment for the first time (Mean age — 31 .5 years, SD — 8 .42 years; men — 84 %); 103 persons who had been previously subjected to criminal punishment (Mean age — 37 .7 years, SD — 11 .13 years; men — 73 %) .Results and novelty: new information was obtained about parameters of social environment of a person with criminogenic behavior (small volume, high stability of composition and homogeneity of participants, low referentiality, selectivity of social relations) . The influence of parameters of social environment of a person and relations with it on post-penitentiary re-integration is noted.
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Nazin, Konstantin, and Yaczyuan' Chzhao. "UNMANNED URBAN AIR MOBILITY: TECHNOLOGIES OF THE NEAR FUTURE." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2021, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-11-73-78.
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The further development of urban mobility, taking into account the latest technical and technological achievements, is considered by many leading vehicle manufacturers in creating and introducing unmanned urban air mobile vehicles into the urban environment. Despite the fact that currently the development of these means of transportation of passengers and cargo is actually in the technical plane - the integral success of introducing this type of transport depends on multiple socio-technological aspects of this phenomenon, which will have various social consequences. The objective of this paper is to identify the socio-technological issues of the phenomenon of unmanned urban air mobility. The result of this paper is to make recommendations to developers of unmanned urban air mobile vehicles in order to minimize the damage from ignoring the negative socio-technological consequences of introducing this type of transport into the urban environment. The novelty of the paper lies in the fact that this type of transport was studied not from a technical and technological point of view, which is the leading one at this stage, but using a socio-technological approach. The paper clearly proves that unmanned urban air mobile vehicles are also multifaceted social objects.
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LI, C. Q., N. DONG, Y. Z. FU, R. R. SUN, and Q. L. WANG. "Marker detection and elite allele mining for yield traits in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by association mapping." Journal of Agricultural Science 155, no. 4 (September 27, 2016): 613–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859616000745.
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SUMMARYAssociation mapping based on linkage disequilibrium is an effective approach for dissecting the inheritance of complex multi-gene traits. In the present study, association mapping was performed for yield traits based on 172 popular Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars in China and 331 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The gene diversity index of 331 markers ranged from 0·0387 to 0·7799 with an average of 0·4002, and the polymorphism information content ranged from 0·0379 to 0·7473 with an average of 0·3375. A total of 93 significantly associated markers for seven yield traits were identified across more than one environment, among which 11 were for seed cotton yield, 12 for lint yield, 11 for boll number per plant, 13 for boll weight, 21 for lint percentage, 14 for lint index and 11 for seed index. The corresponding ranges in phenotypic variation explained by markers across four environments for these seven traits were 1·75–10·49, 1·75–9·34, 2·84–11·80, 2·59–9·89, 2·38–13·97, 2·73–14·82 and 2·50–11·88%, respectively. Some of the yield-associated markers detected were found to be linked to or associated with the same traits identified in previous studies. Furthermore, elite alleles for yield traits were also mined. The present study can provide useful information for further understanding the genetic basis of yield traits, and facilitate high-yield breeding by molecular design in Upland cotton.
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Villar, Lorena, Óscar Martínez-Rico, Andrés Asla, Ángeles Domínguez, and Begoña González. "Testing Thymol-Based DES for the Elimination of 11 Textile Dyes from Water." Separations 9, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9120442.
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Textile industries release dangerous wastewater that contain dyes into the environment. Due to their toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic nature, they must be removed before the discharge. Liquid–liquid extraction has proven to be an efficient method for the removal of these dyes. As extractants, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have shown excellent results in recent years, as well as presenting several green properties. Therefore, four different hydrophobic DESs based on natural components were prepared thymol:decanoic acid (T:D (1:1)), thymol:DL-menthol (T:M (1:1)), thymol:DL-menthol (T:M (1:2)) and thymol:coumarin (T:C (2:1)) for the extraction of Malachite Green (MG), Brilliant Blue G (BBG), Acid Yellow 73 (AY73), Reactive Red 29 (RR29), Acid Blue 113 (AB113), Reactive Black 5 (RB5), Remazol Brilliant Blue (RBB), Direct Yellow 27 (DY27), Acid Blue 80 (AB80), Direct Blue 15 (DB15) and Acid Violet 43 (AV43) dyes from water. The operational parameters of the liquid–liquid extraction were selected in order to save time and materials, resulting in 30 min of stirring, 15 min of centrifugation and an aqueous:organic ratio of 5:1. In these conditions, the highest values of extraction obtained were 99% for MG, 89% for BBG and 94% for AY73. Based on these results, the influence of the aqueous:organic phase ratio and the number of necessary stages to achieve water decolorization was studied.
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Asminin, Viktor, and Ulyana Pavlova. "DESIGN OF PASSENDGER SHELDER CONSTRUCTIONS WITH NOISE-PROTECTIVE FUNCTION OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT." Биосферная совместимость: человек, регион, технологии, no. 1(25) (April 1, 2019): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/23-11-1518-2019-25-1-73-83.
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Negative influence for agglomeration ecological safety are modern growth of the cities, increase in population density, intensification of automobile transportations. The urban environment everything more becomes subject to the acoustic pollution of road traffic. Negative influence of this type of pollution on a hu-man body is conventional and is shown in the big range of influences. For example the Concept of complica-tion offered by A. Chic, which reflects subjective psychological feelings from the acoustic pollution of road traffic in the city and beyond its. The existing methods of fight against auto transportation noise is ineffectively or sometimes unaccepta-bly in the developed living area. The most acoustic pollution sites in urban environment are the locations of public transport stop points. Recommendations for design of PSC taking into account their shielding effect for the purpose of decrease acoustic pollution are developed. Possibilities of the developed computer program for design of PSC with noise-protective characteristics concerning object of a noise-protective are reflected in this work. The problem of optimization of PSC tech-nical parameters for the purpose of increase of level of security of an urban environment from the acoustic pollution of road traffic is solved. Nomograms for determination of optimum height of PSC with installation on them additional screens are developed.
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Barzegar, Mohammad, Fariba Heidari, and Maryam Baradaran Binazir. "Selecting and Modifying Items from the Ministry of Health Clinical Teaching Standards for Developing a Checklist." Research and Development in Medical Education 7, no. 2 (November 21, 2018): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/rdme.2018.018.
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Background: The assessment of clinical teaching is a considerable task. The aim of this study was to select and modify items from the ministry of Health’s clinical teaching standards to develop a checklist to assess clinical teaching. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the faculty of medicine at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Participants were clinical academic staff in the faculty of medicine who had an educational level of a master’s degree in medical education. Ten clinical teachers were identified who were eligible to be in this study. They were requested to read the checklist and provide feedback and suggest changes regarding the environment at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences to make the modified checklist fit with local practices. Results: All of the participants had consensus on keeping 11 (73%) items of the checklist the same. Four (27%) of the items were recommended to be omitted. Clinical teaching standards have three main parts: preparation, timing, and implementation of clinical teaching. The most recent version of the checklist consists of 11 items based on participant review. These 11 items consist of five items from preparation, one item from timing, and five items from implementation. Conclusion: The checklist was modified to be more usable. The most recent version of the checklist consists of 11 items based on participant review. The checklist can also be adapted to improve self-promotion among the faculty.
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Volkova, Nadezhda, and Elena Tseshkovskaya. "ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE MICROCLIMATE IN RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS." Биосферная совместимость: человек, регион, технологии, no. 4(28) (January 10, 2020): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/23-11-1518-2019-28-4-63-73.
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The quality of the indoor environment depends on the comfort and safety of people living inside. Scien-tists are working to overcome the negative impact of the environment on the population in the cities. Never-theless, the existing residential areas of the country often do not meet today’s environmental hygienic re-quirements. When choosing building constructive solutions and microclimate support systems for buildings, it is necessary to take into account the factors leading to the entry of harmful substances that pose a real threat to the health and life of people. Intensive use in residential construction of new polymer materials and other impacts on the internal environment of buildings can lead to a decrease in the quality of the internal envi-ronment of the buildings. It is crucial to take into consideration these factors when choosing building solu-tions and creating comfort with engineering systems providing the microclimate of buildings.
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Erzyleva, I. A. "The Role of Universities in the Formation of Students’ Spiritual Values." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 11, no. 4 (January 28, 2022): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2021-11-4-73-76.
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This paper aims to reveal the role of the university and the content aspects of the formation of students’ spiritual values. The spiritual values of the generation are a factor in the formation of the cultural environment of society, contributing to the formation of social consciousness of the social formation. Theoretical analysis of axiological manifestations of a particular individual is an indispensable attribute of modern scientific knowledge. The relevance of the research subject is determined by the applied significance of cultural and ethical manifestations of the modern social environment. The object of the study. Spiritual values as an inherent property of individual manifestations. The subject of the study. Formation of students’ spiritual values in social institutions of socialisation and knowledge acquisition. Objectives of the study. They consist of detecting the form and content of the university’s role in forming the individual’s personality in isomorphic social groups. The methodology of the study. We used theoretical and heuristic methods of an extraspectual nature, connected with an axiological approach: analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, abstraction, generalisation, etc., due to the phenomenological and systemic principles of research.
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Rohsulina, Pranichayudha, MS Khabibur Rahman, and Agung Hidayat. "Carrying Capacity of Agricultural Land in Mojolaban Subdistrict, Sukoharjo – Central Java." Journal of Geography Science and Education 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32585/.v2i1.857.
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Analysis of the carrying capacity of agricultural land is one of the evaluation tools for sustainable development that can provide an overview of the relationship among population, agricultural land and the environment. This research aims to analyse the carrying capacity of agricultural land in each village in Mojolaban Subdistrict. Analysis of the carrying capacity of land in this research uses a concept developed by Sumarwoto (1985) where the magnitude of the carrying capacity of agricultural land is inversely proportional to population pressure. The results show that the carrying capacity of agricultural land in Mojolaban Subdistrict is inversely proportional to the population compressive pressure on agricultural land. Generally, the carrying capacity for agricultural land in Mojolaban Subdistrict is low level. There are 11 villages (73%) which have low carrying capacity for agricultural land and only 4 villages (27%) which have high carrying capacity of agricultural land.
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Summerfield, R. J., F. J. Muehlbauer, and R. W. Short. "Controlled Environments as an Adjunct to Field Research on Lentils (Lens culinaris). V. Cultivar Responses to Above- and Below-average Temperatures during the Reproductive Period." Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 3 (July 1989): 327–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700014848.
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SUMMARYNodulated plants of three USA cultivars of lentil (Lens culinaris) were grown in controlled environment cabinets. They were given either 20 or 80 ppm inorganic nitrogen and experienced a mean temperature of 12.3° C during the vegetative period, i.e. until 73–77 days after sowing. Factorial combinations of above- (29°/11° C) and below-average (23°/8° C) day/night temperatures were then imposed, to give four mean temperatures within the range of 16.6° to 21.1° C until reproductive maturity. Post-flowering vegetative dry-matter production and seed yields were dominated by treatment effects on the initiation and growth of branches. Warmer temperatures accelerated progress towards maturity, limited branching and restricted dry-matter production; at a mean temperature of 20° C plants were almost barren. The implications of these and previous data to lentil crop production and to the use of controlled environments in lentil breeding programmes are discussed.
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Cenić, Dragan S., Tatjana Milosavljević Đukić, Aleksandar M. Stojadinović, and Ana D. Spasić Stošić. "Outdoor Education: Perspectives of Teachers and Students in the Context of School in Nature as an Innovative Approach in Education." International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education (IJCRSEE) 11, no. 3 (December 20, 2023): 497–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2334-8496-2023-11-3-497-510.
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This research analyzed the opinions of primary school teachers and students regarding the benefits of outdoor education, using the example of School in Nature, for the organization of educational activities within the instruction process. It explored educational, social, recreational, and ecological aspects, as well as the existing differences in their opinions. The research was conducted on a sample of elementary school teachers and fourth-grade students in the Bor District in the Republic of Serbia. The research involved 223 participants (elementary school teachers N=73, and fourth-grade students N=150). A questionnaire was designed for the purposes of this research to assess the opinions of teachers and students towards the learning environment and the effectiveness of implementing outdoor education in the context of School in Nature. The research results indicate a compliance between teachers’ opinions about the significance of outdoor education, especially through School in Nature, and its benefits to the educational aspect of the teaching process. Students displayed positive attitudes related to social interaction in learning, emphasizing the development of positive social relationships and skills. Differences in opinions between teachers and students regarding the learning environment and the effectiveness of outdoor education in meeting learning objectives represent a significant starting point for better understanding the quality of the teaching process.
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L.G., Kasyanova. "PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR DESIGNING THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT FOR EARLY VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE OF CHILDREN IN A PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION." “Educational bulletin “Consciousness” 24, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2686-6846-2022-24-11-66-73.
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The article deals with the problem of early vocational guidance for preschool children, substantiates the relevance and timeliness of addressing it. As a result of the questioning and qualitative analysis of the data obtained, the actual problems of teachers in organizing early career guidance for children in a preschool educational organization were studied. Psychological and pedagogical studies and practices of introducing author's methods of familiarizing preschool children with the world of professions are considered, starting with the immediate environment of children, as they grow older - with the professions of the parents of children, gradually expanding the range of ideas with heroic, working, creative professions and types of labor, depending on industrial development of the region. In this article, the author made an attempt to formulate pedagogical conditions that ensure the effectiveness and integrity of creating an optimal educational environment for early career guidance for children in a preschool educational organization. Pedagogical conditions are represented by three groups: socio-cultural, organizational-pedagogical and psychological-pedagogical. The author paid much attention to the substantive characteristics of the identified conditions, the creation of a developing subject-spatial environment of a preschool educational organization that promotes early career guidance for children, regional orientation, the features of including early career guidance in the educational process and the interaction of kindergarten and family in the studied aspect. Consideration of each of the groups of pedagogical conditions separately makes it possible to form a holistic view of the possibilities of the educational environment of a preschool educational organization in the early career guidance of preschoolers. The article is of a scientific and methodological nature, contains theoretical generalizations and methodological recommendations and may be useful to researchers, practitioners of the preschool education system.
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Gray, Heewon, Sweta Sinha, Acadia Buro, Chantell Robinson, Karen Berkman, Heather Agazzi, and Emily Shaffer-Hudkins. "Early History, Mealtime Environment, and Parental Views on Mealtime and Eating Behaviors among Children with ASD in Florida." Nutrients 10, no. 12 (December 2, 2018): 1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10121867.
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This study was a cross-sectional study to examine problematic mealtime behaviors among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Florida. Forty-one parents completed a 48-item survey. The mean age of their children was 8.1 years and 73% were male. The data were divided and compared by age group: Ages 2–6, 7–11, and 12–17. Data from the 3- to 6-year-old children were extracted and compared with the references from Provost et al. (2010). There were age differences in eating difficulties at home (p = 0.013), fast food restaurants (p = 0.005), and at regular restaurants (p = 0.016). The total mealtime behavior score was significantly higher in early childhood (p < 0.001) and mid-childhood (p = 0.005) than adolescents. More parents of ages 3–6 with ASD reported difficulties with breastfeeding (p < 0.01); concerns about eating (p < 0.001); difficulties related to mealtime locations (p < 0.05), craving certain food (p < 0.05), and being picky eaters (p < 0.01) compared to typically developing children. The total mealtime behavior score was significantly higher in children with ASD than typically developing children (p < 0.001). The results indicate that early childhood interventions are warranted and further research in adolescents is needed.
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Chou, Chung Chyi, Yu Ting Wang, Jyh Jye Hu, Shen Liao, and Cheng Hsu. "Materials Science Introduces Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Education Experiment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 897 (April 2020): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.897.221.
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This study used 700 children under the age of 11 as the research target for materials science introduces disaster prevention and mitigation education. The purpose of this study is to training and popularize the scientific knowledge literacy of disaster prevention, and to design disaster prevention and mitigation education through the diversity of material science. This study will carry out the learning outcome experiment of scientific concept and spontaneous concept into the disaster prevention science popularization education. Hope to study through teacher training courses, life science practice activities and digital learning application experiments. The study integrates material science disaster prevention course and campus science education, and 15 material science experiments were planned to be applied to the evaluation of the learning outcome of disaster prevention and mitigation experiments. Before the experiment, teachers were guided by disaster prevention science education, and after 12-year-old children relayed the principles of science, they assisted 6 to 11-year-old students to operate materials science experiments and analyze the learning outcome. Through simple teaching design and multi-level pre-teaching can effective promotion 36.5% of student's interest in material science used in the field of disaster prevention and mitigation, and by 73% of student aged 9 to 11, they can be more effectively improved the strategy and purpose of disaster prevention and mitigation education by dictation of their disaster prevention and mitigation education related to family, peers and living environment.
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Souza, Marielen de, Daniela Aguiar Penha Brito, Maísa Fabiana Menck-Costa, Alexandre Oba, Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi, Larissa Justino, and Ana Angelita Sampaio Baptista. "Multidrug resistant and ESBL-producing Salmonella spp. isolated from poultry." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, no. 6Supl2 (September 30, 2019): 3045. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6supl2p3045.
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Salmonella spp. is one of the main agents responsible for foodborne infection in humans, and products of poultry origin are the most common infection sources. Studies have shown the occurrence of antimicrobials resistant Salmonella spp. in animal products. The Extended Spectrum ?-Lactamase (ESBL) are enzymes that confer to bacteria the ability to hydrolyze cephalosporin with an oximino side chain and monobactams. This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial resistance profile, identify phenotypes and genotypes for multiple drug resistance (MDR) and that produce ESBL from isolates of Salmonella spp. in the broiler production chain. We used samples of Salmonella spp. (n=11) isolates from poultry, poultry products and poultry-source environment from the state of Maranhão - Brazil. The isolates of Salmonella spp. assessed showed genotypical and phenotypical characteristics of MDR. The results show that 72.72% (08/11) of the strains presented the phenotypic profile for ESBL production. The isolates showed positivity to at least 13.64% (03/22) of the genes studied and the highest frequencies were observed in genes sul1 (73%), dfrA12 (55%), blaCTX-M (55%), tetA, tetB and tetC, with 45%. In conclusion, the strains of Salmonella spp. isolates present genotypic and phenotypic characteristics for MDR and ESBL production, demonstrating the dissemination risk of these microorganisms through the food chain.
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Golnar, Andrew J., Matthew C. I. Medeiros, Katlyn Rosenbaum, Justin Bejcek, Sarah A. Hamer, and Gabriel L. Hamer. "Vector-Borne Blood Parasites of the Great-Tailed Grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus) in East-Central Texas, USA." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (February 27, 2021): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030504.
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Great-tailed grackles (Quiscalus mexicanus) have dramatically expanded into North America over the past century. However, little is known about the blood that parasites they support. Here, for the first time, we document an assemblage of trypanosome, haemosporida, and filarial nematodes co-circulating in invasive great-tailed grackles. Between February and July, 2015, 61 individuals were captured in an urban environment of College Station, Texas. Field microscopy and molecular diagnostics indicate that 52% (24/46) were visually infected with filarioid nematodes, 24% (11/46) with avian trypanosomes, and 73% (n = 44/60) with haemosporida parasites, such as Haemoproteus (Parahaemoproteus) and Plasmodium cathemerium. Overall, 87% of great-tailed grackles were infected with blood parasites. Although 50% of individuals hosted parasites from multiple phylum, no patterns of parasite assembly were observed. Results indicate that great-tailed grackles can support a relatively high level of blood parasitism. However, the consequences for avian health remain to be determined.
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OMOKANYE, A. T., O. S. ONIFADE, P. E. OLORUNJU, A. M. ADAMU, R. J. TANKO, and R. O. BALOGUN. "The evaluation of dual-purpose groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) varieties for fodder and seed production at Shika, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Science 136, no. 1 (February 2001): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600008571.
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At Shika in a subhumid environment of Nigeria, a 3-year study was carried out to select newly developed groundnut varieties for use in crop–livestock production systems. The study examined 11 groundnut varieties. Emergence time, plant stands at full emergence, forage and seed yields and yield components were examined. Whole plant samples were analysed for crude protein (CP) content. Varieties ICGV 87123 gave the lowest forage yield and cultivar M517-80I, the highest, with seven varieties recording forage yields above 5 t/ha. The CP content of forage was lowest (14·8%) for variety M576-80I and highest (21·6%) for variety M554-76. Mean seed yield (over 3 years) varied significantly from 0·73 to 1·68 t/ha. Only two varieties had mean seed yield >1 t/ha. The relationship between seed and forage yields was positive and significant (r = 0·529, P < 0·006). Varieties RMP 12, 88-80I and M517–80 were most promising for both forage and seed production.
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Agbebi, P. A. "Apparent Control Measures of Tourism and Hospitality Practitioners to Curb Insecurity in Ogun State Southwest Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 27, no. 2 (February 28, 2023): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i2.4.
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This study examined and described the socio-economic characteristics of respondents in the study area, identified the various damages that insecurity has caused hospitality and tourism industry and proffered some control measures to curb insecurity in Ogun State using standard methods through the administration of 152 questionnaires. Data collected were subjected to statistical analyses. Findings obtained revealed that: 65 (43.2%) strongly agreed, 73 (47.9%) agreed, 1 (0.7%) undecided, 11 (7.1%) disagreed, 2 (1.1%) strongly disagreed with the mapping out comprehensive security checks by hotels and tourism destinations by the practitioners will reduce security and safety challenge in the industry. This result showed that huge number of respondents agreed to the preparation and presentation of security documentation and reports on periodic basis and working with video surveillance such as close circuit camera (CCTV). In conclusion the study recommended that the hospitality and tourism practitioners in Ogun State should constantly and consistently maintain secured environment at hotels and tourism destinations in order to encourage sustainable influx of patrons.
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McKerchar, Christina, Ryan Gage, Moira Smith, Cameron Lacey, Gillian Abel, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, and Louise Signal. "Children’s Community Nutrition Environment, Food and Drink Purchases and Consumption on Journeys between Home and School: A Wearable Camera Study." Nutrients 14, no. 10 (May 10, 2022): 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14101995.
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Children’s community nutrition environments are an important contributor to childhood obesity rates worldwide. This study aimed to measure the type of food outlets on children’s journeys to or from school, children’s food purchasing and consumption, and to determine differences by ethnicity and socioeconomic status. In this New Zealand study, we analysed photographic images of the journey to or from school from a sample of 147 children aged 11–13 years who wore an Autographer camera which recorded images every 7 s. A total of 444 journeys to or from school were included in the analysis. Camera images captured food outlets in 48% of journeys that had a component of active travel and 20% of journeys by vehicle. Children who used active travel modes had greater odds of exposure to unhealthy food outlets than children who used motorised modes; odds ratio 4.2 (95% CI 1.2–14.4). There were 82 instances of food purchases recorded, 84.1% of which were for discretionary foods. Of the 73 food and drink consumption occasions, 94.5% were for discretionary food or drink. Children on their journeys to or from school are frequently exposed to unhealthy food outlets. Policy interventions are recommended to limit the availability of unhealthy food outlets on school routes.
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Wu, P., and G. V. Childs. "Changes in rat pituitary POMC mRNA after exposure to cold or a novel environment, detected by in situ hybridization." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 39, no. 6 (June 1991): 843–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/39.6.1851778.
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Plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) levels increase after acute cold exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine if there were parallel changes in pituitary proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA. Male rats were exposed to cold (3-5 degrees C) or a novel environment for 15 or 30 min. Others were unstressed. POMC mRNAs in frozen sections or dissociated cells were hybridized with a photobiotinylated oligonucleotide probe which was detected in situ by streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase. The percentage of area labeled for POMC mRNA was quantified by the Cue-3 color image analysis system. In frozen sections, 24-fold increases in the percentage of area labeled for POMC mRNA were evident in intermediate lobes (IL) 30 min after stress. No change was seen in anterior lobes (AL). If the ALs were dissociated, a 66-99% increase in percentage of labeled cells was detected 2-3 hr after the cold exposure. Fifteen min of cold stress (CS) also caused a 117% increase in the area of label for POMC mRNA per corticotrope. No change was seen after 30 min. Exposure to a novel environment caused a 73% increase in the percentage of area labeled for POMC mRNA per AL corticotrope and an 11-fold increase in the IL. These results indicate that both AL corticotropes and IL melanotropes are stimulated by acute exposure to cold and novel environments.
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Borisov, G. K., E. R. Ishmiyarov, M. E. Politov, F. K. Mingalishev, A. I. Voloshin, E. F. Smolyanets, I. G. Barbaev, A. A. Nikiforov, and E. N. Ivanov. "PHYSICAL MODELING OF COLMATATION PROCESSES IN THE NEAR-WELL BOTTOM ZONE OF SREDNE-BOTUOBINSKY FIELD. PART 1. SIMULATION OF CALCITE AND GYPSUM DEPOSITS IN A POROUS ENVIRONMENT AND THE METHODS OF THEIR REMOVAL." Oilfield Engineering, no. 11 (2018): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30713/0207-2351-2018-11-73-80.
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Sergeeva, I. V., A. S. Yamshchikov, and Т. A. Debelova. "Aeration of premises by means of protection against respiratory infections on the basis of natural fitoncydes in the complex of prevention of influenza and SARS in the conditions of the collectives of preschool and school heats concerns." Medical Council, no. 11 (July 18, 2019): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-11-67-73.
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The article presents the results obtained from the use of aeration with large forms of bactericidal spray (cedar) in preschool and school institutions in Krasnoyarsk in conjunction with individual aeration of small forms of bactericidal spray (cedar) at home in the season of rising incidence of influenza and ARVI. Due to a decrease in the total microbial contamination of the air environment and surface when using the harmless bactericidal spray (cedar), there is a decrease in the incidence of ARVI among children who regularly receive aeration for 4 weeks, and there is a lighter course of ARVI and the absence of complicated forms in 2 times in the observed children in comparison with the group where aeration was not applied. The positive results obtained during the 4-week observation, and the absence of any side effects from the spraying of bactericidal spray (cedar) allows us to recommend it for the prevention of influenza and ARVI during the period of epidemic or seasonal increase in morbidity in organized groups of preschool and school institutions. Considering that since the beginning of the heating season, dry air is installed in the premises, the use of aeration of bactericidal spray reduces the impact of harmful environmental factors on the child’s body, which is facilitated by the ionization and moistening of the air with phytoncide spray components.
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Otabor-Olubor OJ and Uhumwangho OM. "Causes of vitreous haemorrhage in a tertiary hospital in southern Nigeria." Ibom Medical Journal 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.61386/imj.v14i1.79.
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Background: The presence of blood within the vitreous is called vitreous hemorrhage. This condition often obscures proper visualization of the posterior segment. Thus, the etiology may not be easily ascertained from clinical assessment. However, it is necessary to know the underlying etiology of this condition in order to institute appropriate management plans.Aim: To determine the causes of vitreous hemorrhage in a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria.Materials and Methods: A retrospective hospital-based analysis of the medical records of patients with vitreous hemorrhage from January 2011 to December 2015 was performed. Data reviewed included age, sex, duration of symptoms, visual acuity, investigations and cause of vitreous hemorrhage. Data were analyzed using the International Business Machines Statistical Product for Scientific Solutions (IBM SPSS) version 21.Results: A total of 37 eyes of 37 patients had a diagnosis of vitreous hemorrhage made up of 27(73%) males and 10(27%) females with a male/female ratio of 1: 0.37 and a mean age of 46.3± 18.4 years (range 11 to 80 years). The presenting visual acuity ranged from 6/9 to No Light perception. The two most common causes of vitreous hemorrhage were proliferative retinopathies in 11(29.7%) and trauma 11(29.7%). Diabetic retinopathy was the predominant cause in the proliferative retinopathy 8(21.6%) group. The mean duration of symptoms was 8.7± 7.8days (range 1 to 28 days). The most common investigation requested was B-scan ultrasonography in 19(51.4%) patients.Conclusion: The most common causes of vitreous hemorrhage in this environment are largely preventable with better management of systemic medical and ophthalmic conditions. Early presentation, regular screening with prompt intervention when treatment is indicated would lead to better outcome.
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Zainal, Nur Aishah, Mohd Azul Mohamad Salleh, and Wan Amizah Wan Mahmud. "Patriotism Spirit Using New Media Among Youth in Malaysia." Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication 37, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2021-3704-11.
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New media plays a role by emphasizing communication channels in conveying national information to enhance the patriotism spirit. The effect will also necessarily give an evolution to the cultivating patriotism spirit among the youth. Past studies have shown that the patriotism spirit among youth is very low and loose. Based on such factors, a study on the importance of new media in cultivating patriotism spirit is implemented to identify the real factors that influence youth to be more patriotic. Four aspects that influence the cultivating patriotism spirit are studied to see its relationship and influence to the youth. Factors studied are behavior, learning process, current environment and construction of patriotism values. This study is based on quantitative study that uses survey as a data collection technique while respondents are among the youths in Malaysia selected through stratified random sampling technique. The findings of the correlation and multiple regression tests conducted found that the new media had a profound influence towards patriotism spirit among youth. Also, there is a positive relationship between the four factors studied. The behavioral factor had a very high and significant relationship with the values (p <.01, r = 0.82). Multiple regression analysis showed that the four factors influenced the cultivating patriotism spirit (p <.01, R2 = 0.73) which is 73 percent. This also has implications from the aspect of the importance of new media through the dissemination of national information to increase the spirit of youth patriotism. Keywords: New media, cultivating, patriotism, importance, youth.
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Goncharov, M. V., and K. A. Kolosov. "Calculating altmetrics based on the data obtained at users’ accessing library e-catalogs." Scientific and Technical Libraries, no. 11 (January 16, 2021): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2020-11-73-88.
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The authors examine the libraries’ independent calculations and analysis of alternative metrics to determine user-defined relevancy of publications. Logfiles collected by web-servers at users’ accessing e-catalogs may be used for such calculations and analysis. The almetrics’ key advantages as compared to traditional bibliometrics and webometrics are: real-time representation; openness and transparency; coverage of wider non-academic audience; coverage of various sources and research findings. The web-server log-files enable to analyze number of user views of bibliographic records in e-catalog, to rate authors, individual publications and topical queries for a time period. In case of links to full texts, the number of pdf. documents loaded by users and n umber of p ages viewed ( when library computer-based system supports full-text document scrolling mode) may be defined. The authors also discuss specificity of handling log-files for various analysis types: statistical, content addressable, defining sequential sets, clustering. The functionality and table structure of RNPLST’s software module for advanced bibliometric analysis is described. The further task of the study will be to define trends of user behavior and forecasts for user group behavior when using e-catalog.The article is prepared within the framework of the State Order to Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology “Development and improvement of the system of Open Archive of integrated information and library resources of Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology as modern knowledge management system in digital environment: on the way to Open Science” № 075-01300-20-00 for 2020–2022.
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Miao, Yuanyuan, Huan Wang, Xiaoyu Xu, Piping Ye, Huimin Wu, Ruirui Zhao, Xuewei Shi, and Fei Cai. "Chemical and Sensory Characteristics of Different Red Grapes Grown in Xinjiang, China: Insights into Wines Composition." Fermentation 8, no. 12 (November 29, 2022): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8120689.
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Globally, the red wine market experienced a rapid growth in the last decade, due to the superior colour, taste, and nutritional quality. The red grapes used for vinification have individual characteristics varying within the regional environment. In this study, the quality of seven grape cultivars, including Marselan, Yan 73, Muscat Hamburg, Kadarka, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Crimpose, and their corresponding wines, were investigated based on high-performance liquid chromatography and headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. These techniques were performed to analyze the chemical compositions and volatile compounds of the tested samples, respectively. The results showed that tartaric acid (29.96% to 73.45%) and rutin (12.53% to 56.54%) were the dominant organic acid and phenolic compounds in grapes, respectively. Higher concentrations of organic acids and phenolic compounds, and the types of volatile compounds, were observed to be highest in the Cabernet Sauvignon grape. The antioxidant activity of wines ranged from 6.74 to 102.68 mmol TE/L, and Yan 73 wine had the highest antioxidant activity. A total of 69 volatile compounds consisting of 17 alcohols, 26 esters, 5 aldehydes, 9 acids, 7 ketones, and 5 other volatile compounds were identified in all tested wines, and 11 important aroma active substances (odor activity value > 1) were selected, consisting of β-ionone, phenethyl acetate, geranyl acetate, ethyl 9-decenoate, ethyl caprate, ethyl pelargonate, decanal, ethyl caprylate, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, methyl 2-hexenoate, and ethyl hexanoate, which endow wines with a unique aroma. This work clearly describes the chemical and sensory characteristics of seven red grape cultivars in Xinjiang of China and provides diversity options for cultivars for winemaking.
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Цветкова, Н. В. "Features of the growth of balsamic poplar Populus balsamifera L. In an urban environment." Известия СПбЛТА, no. 246 (December 27, 2023): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21266/2079-4304.2023.246.141-151.
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Исследование состояния насаждений тополя бальзамического Populus balsamifera L., находящихся в стадии распада и назначенных в рубку в 2022 году показало различия, возникшие в ходе полного жизненного цикла в принципиально различных условиях произрастания. Так, в условиях высокой антропогенной нагрузки на улично-дорожной сети г. Новосибирска средний диаметр ствола у основания был на 11,8 см больше, чем у тополя бальзамического, произраставшего в условиях минимальной антропогенной нагрузки городских лесов города Новосибирска. Максимальным приростом тополя бальзамического в условиях городских лесов характеризуются первые три десятилетия роста деревьев, затем начинается постепенное уменьшение прироста. Разница в приросте за первое и последнее десятилетия жизни деревьев составляет 2,4 раза. В то время как для тополей, произраставших на Вокзальной магистрали, максимальным приростом характеризуются первые два десятилетия роста деревьев, затем начинается постепенное уменьшение прироста. Разница в приросте за первое и последнее десятилетия жизни деревьев составляет всего 27%, то есть уменьшение объема прироста древесины с течением времени, особенно в последние три десятилетия активного развития городского автомобильного транспорта не подтверждается. В то время как уменьшение объемов прироста в условиях конкуренции в городских лесах становится все заметнее с каждым десятилетием. Еще одним важным фактором оценки состояния древесины является ее фаутность. В данном случае все негативное воздействие окружающей среды на Вокзальной магистрали создало образование и развитие множества дефектов древесины. Из двадцати шести экземпляров тополя бальзамического 19 имело трещины древесины в основании ствола (73%). Три экземпляра (11%) имели обширные дупла у оснований ствола, вероятно полученные в результате механизированной уборки в зимний период. Пять экземпляров (19%) имели очевидные признаки наличия стволовой гнили с разрушением древесины. Насаждения, произраставшие в условиях городских лесов, имели меньше пороков древесины. К ним можно отнести наличие трещин у семи экземпляров тополя бальзамического (43%) и два экземпляра к моменту сноса были сухостоем предыдущих лет. Признаки наличия стволовых гнилей и дупла, морозобойные трещины в основании стволов отсутствовали. A study of the state of poplar plantations of balsamic Populus balsamifera L., which are in the stage of decay and assigned to logging in 2022, showed differences that arose during the full life cycle in fundamentally different growing conditions. Thus, in conditions of high anthropogenic load on the Novosibirsk Street and road network, the average diameter of the trunk at the base was 11.8 cm larger than that of the balsamic poplar, which grew in conditions of minimal anthropogenic load of urban forests of Novosibirsk. The maximum growth of balsamic poplar in urban forests is characterized by the first three decades of tree growth, then a gradual decrease in growth begins. The difference in growth over the first and last decades of tree life is 2.4 times. While for poplars growing on the Railway Line, the first two decades of tree growth are characterized by the maximum increase, then a gradual decrease in growth begins. The difference in growth over the first and last decades of tree life is only 27%. That is, the decrease in the volume of wood growth over time, especially in the last three decades of active development of urban road transport is not confirmed. While the decrease in the volume of growth in the conditions of competition in urban forests is becoming more noticeable every decade. Another important factor in assessing the condition of wood is its fautiness. In this case, all the negative environmental impact on the Railway line determined the formation and development of many defects of wood. Of the twenty-six specimens of balsamic poplar, 19 had wood cracks at the base of the trunk (73%). Three specimens (11%) had extensive hollows at the base of the trunk, probably obtained as a result of mechanized harvesting in winter. Five specimens (19%) had obvious signs of the presence of table rot with the destruction of wood. Plantings that grew in urban forests had fewer wood defects. These include the presence of cracks in seven copies of balsamic poplar (43%) and two copies at the time of demolition were dead wood of previous years. There were no signs of the presence of stem rot and hollows, frost-breaking cracks at the base of the trunks.
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Fey, Paul D., Michael W. Climo, and Gordon L. Archer. "Determination of the Chromosomal Relationship between mecA and gyrA in Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.2.306.
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ABSTRACT mecA, the gene that mediates methicillin resistance, and its accompanying mec locus DNA, insert near thegyrA gene in Staphylococcus aureus. To investigate whether there is a similar relationship betweenmecA and gyrA in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), mecA- and gyrA-specific DNA fragments were used to probe methicillin-resistant isolates ofStaphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) (n = 11) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (MRSH) (n= 11). The gyrA probe hybridized to the sameSmaI DNA fragment as the mecA probe in all strains tested. However, since the size of the SmaI fragments containing mecA and gyrA varied from 73 to 600 kb, the distance between the two genes was determined more precisely. Cloned mecA or gyrA fragments plus vector sequences each containing a SmaI site were introduced into the chromosome of three isolates each of MRSE and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and the sizes of the generated SmaI fragments were determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The distance between gyrAand mecA was found to be between 38 and 42 kb in both MRSE and MRSA, and the two genes were in the same relative orientation in all strains. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns around the gyrA gene in CNS were identical, but species specific, for all 10 MRSE and 10 MRSH isolates examined. In contrast, 8 of 11 methicillin-susceptible S. epidermidis isolates and 7 of 7 methicillin-susceptible S. haemolyticus isolates had different gyrA RFLP patterns. These data show thatmecA is site and orientation specific, relative togyrA, in both MRSE and MRSA. In addition, the local environment around gyrA in methicillin-resistant CNS, in contrast to methicillin-susceptible isolates, is similar, suggesting clonality or the requirement for specific DNA sequences with which themec complex must interact for chromosomal integration to occur.
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Feás Sánchez, Xesús, and Rebecca Jane Charles. "Notes on the Nest Architecture and Colony Composition in Winter of the Yellow-Legged Asian Hornet, Vespa velutina Lepeletier 1836 (Hym.: Vespidae), in Its Introduced Habitat in Galicia (NW Spain)." Insects 10, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10080237.
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Fifteen years ago, at least one multimated female yellow-legged Asian hornet (Vespa velutina Lepeletier 1836) arrived in France, giving rise to a pan-European invasion, altering the environment, affecting ecosystem processes, and impacting society. During winter, V. velutina nests (n = 3) were collected in Galicia and data on internal and external aspects of the nests and the colony as a whole were collected. The whole colony population (WCPN; adult insects, larvae, and pupae in percentages) was as follows: nest A: n = 176 (49%, 3%, and 48%); nest B: n = 1979 (52%, 36%, and 12%); and nest C: n = 662 (5%, 27%, and 8%). The adult insect population (IAPN; males, workers, and gynes in percentages) was as follows: nest A: n = 87 (11%, 66%, and 23%); nest B: n = 1021 (3%, 62%, and 35%); and nest C: n = 430 (20%, 73%, and 7%). As a small number of queens is sufficient for a population to develop, it is necessary to avoid continued spread by deactivating and removing all nests, even those detected in winter. This practice can be of greatest importance in border areas where V. velutina is expanding into new territory.
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Sakhanokho, Hamidou F., Cecil T. Pounders, and Eugene K. Blythe. "Alginate Encapsulation ofBegoniaMicroshoots for Short-Term Storage and Distribution." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/341568.
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Synthetic seeds were formed from shoot tips of twoin vitrogrownBegoniacultivars using 3% sodium alginate in Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) salt solution as the gel matrix and 100 mM calcium chloride for complexation. Synthetic seed formation was achieved by releasing the sodium alginate/explant combination into 100 mM calcium chloride (CaCl2·H2O) solution for 30 or 45 min. Both control and encapsulated shoots were transferred into sterile Petri dishes and stored at 4°C or 22°C for 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 weeks. Conversion of synthetic seeds into plantlets for both storage environments was assessed in MS medium or peat-based substrate. No significant difference was found between the 30 and 45 min CaCl2·H2O treatments or the two cultivars. Encapsulation of explants improved survival rate over time irrespective of the medium type or storage environment. Survival rates of 88, 53, 28, and 11% for encapsulated microshoots versus 73, 13, 0, and 0% for control explants were achieved in microshoots stored for 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks, respectively. The best results were obtained when synthetic seeds were stored at 4°C and germinated on MS medium. Regenerated plantlets were successfully established in potting soil.
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Albero, Beatriz, María Dolores Fernández, Concepción García-Gómez, and Rosa Ana Pérez. "Rapid Determination of Metribuzin and Three Major Transformation Products in Soil and Plant by Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Separations 9, no. 12 (November 23, 2022): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9120386.
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Metribuzin is a pre- and post-emergence triazinone herbicide used in a variety of crops. This herbicide is degraded in the environment into three major metabolites that have high water solubility, high to very high soil mobility, and low to moderate persistence in soil. This paper describes the development of an analytical method based on ultrasound-assisted extraction and GC-MS/MS determination for the determination metribuzin and its main metabolites in soil and plants. The developed method provided good recoveries for all compounds in soil and plants (from 73 to 121%). The quantitation limits obtained from plants (2.6 to 18 µg/kg) allow determining the presence of these compounds at trace levels. To evaluate the applicability of the developed methods, bean plants were grown in plastic pots with soil treated with metribuzin and collected after 23 days. At the end of the assay, only 11% of the initial concentration of metribuzin remained in soil. Metribuzin and its three metabolites were detected in plants, desamino-diketo-metribuzin is the most abundant metabolite. It is expected that the application of these methods can provide more data to monitor metribuzin residues due to herbicide treatments.
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Kim, Young Ju, and Soo Eun Chae. "An Ecological Case Study on the Experiences of Social Adjustment of Out-of-School Youths." Korean Journal of the Human Development 30, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15284/kjhd.2023.30.4.89.
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The study aims to identify the personality competencies out-of-school youths use for social adaptation and to understand their adaptation patterns in and out of the ecosystem. The study, conducted from May to August 2022, involved surveys and inter-views with out-of-school youths and 11 associated individuals (5 youths, 3 parents, 3 ad-visors) in D city. Over four months, data were gathered through individual and focus group interviews and analyzed using Giorgi’s semantic unit analysis. The analysis revealed 228 themes, forming 26 topic groups and 4 categories, related to the adolescents' personality competencies for social adaptation. These youths showed positive life acceptance, future preparedness, and internal and external protective factors aiding their crisis management and adaptation. Additionally, self-reported adaptation patterns of these adolescents yielded 73 themes, 14 topic groups, and 4 categories. Parent and advisor reports on youth adaptation patterns resulted in 71 themes, 13 topic groups, and 4 categories. The study found that these adolescents are adapting to society and maturing through experiences facilitated by external support systems (family support, positive feedback, opportunity provision) and internal character competencies, within a dynamic environment.
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Makovskis, Kristaps, Kārlis Dūmiņš, Toms Artūrs Štāls, Viktorija Vendiņa, Arta Bārdule, and Dagnija Lazdiņa. "Long-Term Effect of Wood Ash and Wastewater Sludge Fertilization on Tree Growth in Short-Rotation Forest Plantations on Abandoned Agricultural Land: A Case Study." Sustainability 15, no. 23 (November 24, 2023): 16272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152316272.
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Short-rotation forest plantations on former agricultural land capture CO2, provide bioeconomic materials, and mitigate climate change. This study aimed to enhance our understanding of the long-term effects of wood ash and wastewater sludge fertilization on various tree species (birch, hybrid aspen, grey alder, black alder, and hybrid alder) in short-rotation forestry plantations on abandoned agricultural land where tree growth measurements were taken over an 11-year period. After 11 years, the highest aboveground biomass (AGB) was observed for hybrid aspen clone No. 4 under wastewater sludge treatment (109.0 t ha−1), birch under wood ash treatment (34.3 t ha−1), black alder under wastewater sludge treatment (33.6 t ha−1), grey alder under wastewater sludge treatment (40.9 t ha−1), hybrid alder under control conditions (36.2 t ha−1), and hybrid aspen clone No. 28 under wood ash treatment (37.2 t ha−1). The average survival rate was 73% in control plots, 81% under wastewater sludge treatment, and 78% under wood ash treatment. Short-term positive impacts on tree growth were observed, effects that were not consistent over the long term. The impact of these treatments on tree growth varied between species, and the effects tended to diminish over time, which must be considered before fertilization.
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RADUL, Serhii, and Liliia KHARLAMOVA. "Theoretical fundamentals of personal self-determination in future aviation specialists." Scientific Bulletin of Flight Academy. Section: Pedagogical Sciences 11 (2022): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33251/2522-1477-2022-11-67-73.
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The article considers the personal self-determination of the future aviation specialist as a process of conscious estimation of the subject's own inner essential quality. The central point of self-determination of personal development is the awareness of the need for self-knowledge, self-change, self-development and self-realization. The process of personal self-determination of future professionals is determined by the system of their value orientations. The use of active forms of influence on the development of positive self-esteem and self-acceptance of cadets/students optimizes the process of personal self-determination, and further professional self-realization. Peculiarities of personal self-determination at a young age in the conditions of educational process of the higher Flight educational institution of Ukraine are caused by internal determinants of personality development: the nature and style of the cadet/student's self-assessment, the level of readiness for personal and professional self-realization in real social and professional environment, acquiring the meaning of "Self", the presence of positive "Self-concept", the level of personality flexibility development, the life plan presence. The process of personal self-determination of a student depends on the nature and style of his self-assessment. Positive self-esteem in its emotional and value aspect ("self-interest", "autosympathy", "self-acceptance", "self-understanding", "expectation of a positive attitude of others") has a primary impact on the process of self-determination during higher aviation education. Formation of stable socially significant value orientations in young men and women and achievement of a high level of their structure; taking into account socio-cultural, age and individual characteristics of personality development, helped to increase the effectiveness of the process of personal self-determination in adolescence. The use of active forms of influence on the development of positive self-esteem and self-acceptance of students optimizes the process of personal self-determination. Key words: self-determination, self-realization, self-development, future aviation specialist, values and life position
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Schanina, E., and A. Sedleckiy. "NEW REQUIREMENTS FOR HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 11, no. 4 (September 19, 2022): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2305-7807-2022-11-4-70-73.
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The article is devoted to the study of new requirements for human resources in the information society. The efficiency of the modern economy is directly influenced by information databases and the creative intellectual potential of employees. Consequently, employees of organizations should have new competencies to solve modern development problems. Increasing the complexity and diversity of the services provided affects the formation of new requirements for the qualification of employees, their adaptability, mastering new knowledge and skills. Special attention is paid to the consideration of the importance of such quality as the productivity of employees. The purpose of the research presented in the article is to study the need for the formation of new qualities of employees in the information society environment. The scientific novelty of the research consists in substantiating the prerequisites for the emergence of new requirements for personnel in the conditions of the information economy and post-industrial society. The practical value of the research consists in the development of applied recommendations for improving the process of interaction between educational institutions and the labor market based on a competence-based approach and the study of new requirements for employees.
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Zhou, Ping, Jacco Vink, Samar Safi-Harb, and Marco Miceli. "Spatially resolved X-ray study of supernova remnants that host magnetars: Implication of their fossil field origin." Astronomy & Astrophysics 629 (September 2019): A51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936002.
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Magnetars are regarded as the most magnetized neutron stars in the Universe. Aiming to unveil what kinds of stars and supernovae can create magnetars, we have performed a state-of-the-art spatially resolved spectroscopic X-ray study of the supernova remnants (SNRs) Kes 73, RCW 103, and N49, which host magnetars 1E 1841−045, 1E 161348−5055, and SGR 0526−66, respectively. The three SNRs are O- and Ne-enhanced and are evolving in the interstellar medium with densities of > 1 − 2 cm−3. The metal composition and dense environment indicate that the progenitor stars are not very massive. The progenitor masses of the three magnetars are constrained to be < 20 M⊙ (11–15 M⊙ for Kes 73, ≲13 M⊙ for RCW 103, and ∼13 − 17 M⊙ for N49). Our study suggests that magnetars are not necessarily made from very massive stars, but originate from stars that span a large mass range. The explosion energies of the three SNRs range from 1050 erg to ∼2 × 1051 erg, further refuting that the SNRs are energized by rapidly rotating (millisecond) pulsars. We report that RCW 103 is produced by a weak supernova explosion with significant fallback, as such an explosion explains the low explosion energy (∼1050 erg), small observed metal masses (MO ∼ 4 × 10−2 M⊙ and MNe ∼ 6 × 10−3 M⊙), and sub-solar abundances of heavier elements such as Si and S. Our study supports the fossil field origin as an important channel to produce magnetars, given the normal mass range (MZAMS < 20 M⊙) of the progenitor stars, the low-to-normal explosion energy of the SNRs, and the fact that the fraction of SNRs hosting magnetars is consistent with the magnetic OB stars with high fields.
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Naumenko, Alexander, Yulia Oborskaya, and Maxim Shelikhan. "Soil properties and soybean yield depending from the use of green manure of oats." E3S Web of Conferences 462 (2023): 02025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202346202025.
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Green fertilizer (green manure) serves as an inexhaustible and constantly renewable source of nutrients and organic matter. The search for ways to increase the efficiency of traditional ways of using green manure, and the development of new methods for their use are an important task of modern agriculture. The purpose of the research is to determine the effect of green manure on the agrochemical properties of the soil, soybean yield and their degree of relationship in the conditions of the Amur Region. Studies on the assessment of oat green manure were carried out from 2016 to 2022 in the village of Kovrizhka, Konstantinovsky district, Amur region, within the boundaries of the land use of the peasant family farm “Pchela” . The experiment was placed in a production environment, where each of the five fields was taken as a variant, with the corresponding area: field 1 - 240 ha, field 2 - 158 ha, field 3 - 270 ha, field 4 - 350 ha and field 5 - 256 ha. In each field, in accordance with the scheme of the experiment, oats were cultivated for green manure, mineral fertilizers were not used. Green manure of oats contributed to an increase in the pHH20 value to 6,80-6,93 units, pHKCI value to 5,50-5, 70 units рН. The content of mobile phosphorus, determined by the method of A.T. Kirsanov, decreased every year of research, while the minimum values of the content of this element were recorded in 2022 (11-87 mg/kg of soil). The positive effect of green manure was reflected in the content of exchangeable potassium, while an increase in the content of this element was noted only in 2019 by 12-73 mg/kg of soil, and after 3 years, the indicators were lower by 37-73 mg/kg of soil.
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Juric-Lekic, Gordana, Ljiljana Bedrica, and Dragutin Loncar. "Interscapular brown adipose tissue recruitment is hindered by a temperature environment of 33°C: Uncoupling protein-1 underexpression is not associated with obesity development in rats." Archives of Biological Sciences 70, no. 3 (2018): 567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs171215018j.
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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) generates heat due to unique thermogenic UC-mitochondria, an event known as nonshivering thermogenesis. Cold, adrenergic agents, hormones, etc., activate nonshivering thermogenesis, resulting in lipid mobilization, an increase in the mitochondria and mitochondrial cristae, and increased uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) expression and its incorporation into mitochondrial cristae. BAT precursor cells mature and contribute to BAT growth in a process known as BAT recruitment. For the first time, we herein report the effect of a thermoneutral environment of 33?C on interscapular BAT (IBAT) in rats delivered and raised at 33?C. The control animals were housed at 20?C. Thermoneutral IBAT was atrophic (73 mg vs. 191 mg) but with more adipocyte precursor cells; euthermia (37.6?C) was maintained without nonshivering thermogenesis. Although IBAT was inactive, the thermoneutral animals did not develop obesity, and on the contrary, the thermoneutral environment of 33?C hindered the rats? growth, weight (65 gm vs. 139 gm), volume (67 gm vs.136 gm) and length (12 cm vs. 16 cm). The thermoneutral brown adipocytes were smaller (7234 ?m3 vs. 9198 ?m3) with more lipids (4919 ?m3 vs. 4507 ?m3) and a smaller mitochondrial cristae area (52504 ?m2 vs. 61288 ?m2/adipocyte). Lipoprotein lipase mRNA expression was 11% (vs. 58% in control) and UCP1 mRNA expression was 34% (vs. 93% control). UCP1 immunoelectron microscopic study detected 160 UCP1-gold particles (vs. 700 in control) per UC-mitochondrion; thermoneutral brown adipocytes had 9-fold fewer UCP1-gold particles (0.34x106 vs. 2.99x106 UCP1-gold particles), and thermoneutral UC-mitochondria developed specific intramitochondrial tubular inclusions.
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Cohen, Sarah P., Jonathan H. Pelletier, Jennifer M. Ladd, Colby Feeney, Victoria Parente, and Sophie K. Shaikh. "Success of a Resident-Led Safety Council: A Model for Satisfying CLER Pathways to Excellence Patient Safety Goals." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 11, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-18-00459.1.
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ABSTRACT Background The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Clinical Learning Environment Review (CLER) program focuses on aspects of the graduate medical education learning environment, such as patient safety. Data from CLER site visits reveal that many resident physicians do not receive adequate training on patient safety. Objective We evaluated a pediatric resident-led safety council as a method to meet CLER Pathways to Excellence patient safety objectives. Methods The Duke Pediatric Residency Safety Council (PRSC) created an infrastructure for residents to participate in department safety efforts, review safety events, and act as leaders for safety initiatives. Annual surveys were distributed to graduate medical education trainees through the institution's patient safety center and the PRSC. Survey results of safety attitudes were compared over time within the pediatrics program and between pediatrics and nonpediatrics trainees at the institution. Resident-submitted safety reports were tracked through an institutional safety event repository. Results From 2013 to 2017, the percentage of residents who strongly agreed that they could submit a safety report doubled (from 35% [6 of 17] to 73% [22 of 30], P = .011). The average number of safety reports submitted by a pediatrics resident per year did not significantly change during this period (from 3.0 to 3.8, P = .11). In 2017, 90% of pediatrics residents (27 of 30) agreed or strongly agreed that their concerns would be addressed if they entered a safety report. Conclusions The council addressed 5 of the 7 CLER Pathways to Excellence in patient safety.
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Gonçalves, Vivian SS, Elisabeth C. Duarte, Eliane S. Dutra, Laura A. Barufaldi, and Kênia MB Carvalho. "Characteristics of the school food environment associated with hypertension and obesity in Brazilian adolescents: a multilevel analysis of the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA)." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 14 (May 21, 2019): 2625–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019001010.
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AbstractObjective:To characterize the food environment in schools that participated in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) and to identify individual and contextual factors associated with hypertension and obesity.Design:National school-based survey.Setting:Blood pressure, weight and height were measured, and characteristics of the schools were obtained in interviews with the principals. For each outcome, multilevel models of mixed effects were applied by logistic regression.Participants:School-going adolescents aged 12–17 years.Results:A total of 73 399 adolescents were evaluated. The prevalence of hypertension was 9·6 (95 % CI 9·0, 10·3) % and that of obesity was 8·4 (95 % CI 7·9, 8·9) %. Approximately 50 % of the adolescents were able to purchase food at school and in its immediate vicinity and 82 % had access to no-charge meals through Brazil’s National School Feeding Program. In the adjusted analysis, hypertension was associated (OR; 95 % CI) with the consumption of meals prepared on the school premises (0·79; 0·69, 0·92), the sale of food in the school’s immediate vicinity (0·67; 0·48, 0·95) and the purchase of food in the school cafeteria (1·29; 1·11, 1·49). It was observed that there were lower odds of obesity among students who were offered meals prepared on the school premises (0·68; 0·54, 0·87).Conclusions:High frequency of sales of ultra-processed foods in schools was identified. Contextual and individual characteristics in the school food environment were associated with hypertension and obesity, pointing to the need for regulation and supervision of these spaces.
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Kadhum, Raghad I., and Alhan A. Qasim. "The impact of dental environment stress on caries experience, salivary flow rate and uric acid." Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 32, no. 1 (March 15, 2020): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26477/jbcd.v32i1.2756.
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Background: Several pathologies of the oral cavity have been associated with stress. Dental students need to gain assorted proficiencies as theoretical knowledge, clinical proficiencies, and interpersonal dexterity which is accompanied with high level of stress. Uric acid is the major antioxidant in saliva. The aim of this study is to assess the dental caries experience among dental students with different levels of dental environment stress in relation to physicochemical characteristics of whole unstimulated saliva.
Materials and Methods: the total sample is composed of 300 dental students (73 males, 227 female) aged 22-23 years old, from collage of dentistry / university of Baghdad, from the 4th and 5th grade. The total sample was classified into three categories (mild stress, moderate stress and severe stress) according to Dental environment stress questionnaire (DESQ); Diagnosis and recording of dental caries were assessed according to Decay, Missed, Filled surface and teeth index (DMFS, DMFT) of WHO criteria in 1987. Unstimulated salivary samples were collected from the 95 dental students from the mild stress group (27 male, 28 female) and from the severe stress group (11 male, 29 female). Then, salivary flow rate was measured and chemically analyzed to determine salivary uric acid concentration. All data were analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 21.
Results: The mean value of the DMFT and DS fraction was higher among severe stress group of dental environment stress scale with no significant differences (P≥ 0.05), while DMFS, FS and MS fractions were higher among moderate stress group of dental environment stress scale with no significant differences (P≥ 0.05). The data from salivary analysis showed that the mean value of salivary flow rate was lower among severe dental environment stress category than mild dental environment stress category but the difference was statistically not significant, while the mean value of uric acid was higher among students with severe dental environment stress than students with mild dental environment stress with statistically significant difference. The flow rate was negatively correlated with caries experience among both mild and severe stress groups except for the DS was positively correlated with flow rate among students with mild stress. The correlation of uric acid with DMFT was negative among students with mild stress while among severe stress group was positive; however all these correlations were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Dental environment stress appears to affect oral health, shown by higher caries prevalence among dental students with moderate and severe dental environment stress level by affecting the normal level of salivary flow rate and uric acid.
Keywords: Dental environment stress, stress, dental caries, flow rate, uric acid.
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Robertson, Michael J., and John A. Kirkegaard. "Water-use efficiency of dryland canola in an equi-seasonal rainfall environment." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 12 (2005): 1373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05030.
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The French and Shultz approach that relates seasonal rainfall to potential yield in wheat has yet to be applied to dryland canola. Relationships were derived between grain yield of 42 experimental crops (yield range 0.5–5.4 t/ha) free of weeds, pests, diseases, and nutrient deficiencies in southern New South Wales, and various measures of observed (rainfall, available soil water) and simulated (evapotranspiration) seasonal water supply. April to October rainfall and in-crop rainfall were the poorest predictors of yield (R2 < 0.5). By adjusting in-crop rainfall to account for stored soil water at sowing and that remaining at harvest (termed ‘seasonal water supply’), 68% of the variance in yield could be explained. Estimates derived using the APSIM-Canola simulation model or simulated totals of evapotranspiration or transpiration explained 73–82% of the variance. The slope of the regression line between yield of the 42 crops, which simulation indicated had all yielded to their water-limited potential, and seasonal water supply (termed here the water-use efficiency for grain production, WUE) was 11 kg/ha.mm above an intercept of 120 mm. WUE varied from 4 to 18 kg/ha.mm and the upper boundary for WUE in those seasons where rainfall distribution facilitated maximum efficiency was 15 kg/ha.mm. Long-term simulations, conducted at locations with mean annual rainfall of 430–660 mm, confirmed the variability of WUE due to rainfall distribution and also that WUE would be expected to decline, on average, by one-third between sowings in early April and early July. This necessitates caution in accepting a single WUE value as an indicator of agronomic constraints to yield. For the purposes of practical application by farmers and advisors, water-limited potential yield can be calculated in the region as a function of seasonal water supply minus 120 mm up to a limit of 450 mm, beyond which potential yield is not limited by water. Available soil water at sowing can be estimated from summer fallow rainfall above a threshold of 80 mm, and water remaining at harvest can be estimated from post-anthesis rainfall above a threshold of 50 mm. This improved method for estimating water-limited potential yield in canola retains the ease of use of the French and Shultz approach, so that other constraints to yield can be more accurately diagnosed in dryland environments by farmers and advisors.