Relevant bibliographies by topics / 7340g

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Academic literature on the topic '7340g'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "7340g"

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Lee, William A., Gong-Xin He, Eugene Eisenberg, Tomas Cihlar, Swami Swaminathan, Andrew Mulato, and Kenneth C. Cundy. "Selective Intracellular Activation of a Novel Prodrug of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Tenofovir Leads to Preferential Distribution and Accumulation in Lymphatic Tissue." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, no. 5 (May 2005): 1898–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.5.1898-1906.2005.

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ABSTRACT An isopropylalaninyl monoamidate phenyl monoester prodrug of tenofovir (GS 7340) was prepared, and its in vitro antiviral activity, metabolism, and pharmacokinetics in dogs were determined. The 50% effective concentration (EC50) of GS 7340 against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in MT-2 cells was 0.005 μM compared to an EC50 of 5 μM for the parent drug, tenofovir. The (L)-alaninyl analog (GS 7340) was >1,000-fold more active than the (D)-alaninyl analog. GS 7340 has a half-life of 90 min in human plasma at 37°C and a half-life of 28.3 min in an MT-2 cell extract at 37°C. The antiviral activity (>10× the EC50) and the metabolic stability in MT-2 cell extracts (>35×) and plasma (>2.5×) were also sensitive to the stereochemistry at the phosphorus. After a single oral dose of GS 7340 (10 mg-eq/kg tenofovir) to male beagle dogs, the plasma bioavailability of tenofovir compared to an intravenous dose of tenofovir was 17%. The total intracellular concentration of all tenofovir species in isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells at 24 h was 63 μg-eq/ml compared to 0.2 μg-eq/ml in plasma. A radiolabeled distribution study with dogs resulted in an increased distribution of tenofovir to tissues of lymphatic origin compared to the commercially available prodrug tenofovir DF (Viread).
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Гамалевич, Галина Дмитриевна, Алексей Леонидович Власюк, and Эдуард Прокофьевич Серебряков. "Хиральные аналоги α-токоферола. Антиоксидантная активность (R)- и (S)-энантиомеров {2-[6-гидрокси-2,5,7,8-тетраметилхроман-2-ил]этил}триметиламмоний-п-толуолсульфоната в зависимости от их конфигурации." Химико-фармацевтический журнал 51, no. 7 (July 21, 2017): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/0023-1134-2017-51-7-20-24.

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Исходя из (R)- и (S)-энантиомеров 2-(6-бензилокси-2,5,7,8-тетраметилхроман-2-ил)этанола, полученных ранее на основе парциального ацилирования соответствующего рацемического спирта в присутствии наиболее доступной липазы дрожжей Candida cylindracea синтезированы в 4 стадии оба энантиомера {2-[6-гидрокси-2,5,7,8-тетраметилхроман-2-ил]этил} триметиламмоний-п-толуолсульфоната (MDL-73404), хиральных аналогов α-токоферола. Сравнительное медико-биологическое тестирование разных по энантиомерному составу образцов соли MDL-73404 в отношении их влияния на генерирование активных форм кислорода перитонеальными макрофагами белых крыс в системах с люминолом или люцигенином показало неодинаковое ингибирование спонтанной и активированной 12-O-миристил-13-O-ацетилфорболом хемилюминесценции макрофагов.
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Birkus, Gabriel, Ruth Wang, Xiaohong Liu, Nilima Kutty, Holly MacArthur, Tomas Cihlar, Craig Gibbs, Swami Swaminathan, William Lee, and Martin McDermott. "Cathepsin A Is the Major Hydrolase Catalyzing the Intracellular Hydrolysis of the Antiretroviral Nucleotide Phosphonoamidate Prodrugs GS-7340 and GS-9131." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, no. 2 (December 4, 2006): 543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00968-06.

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ABSTRACT GS-7340 and GS-9131 {9-[(R)-2-[[(S)-[[(S)-1-(isopropoxycarbonyl)ethyl]amino]phenoxyphosphinyl]methoxy]-propyl]adenine and 9-(R)-4′-(R)-[[[(S)-1-[(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl]amino]phenoxyphosphinyl]methoxy]-2′-fluoro-1′-furanyladenine, respectively} are novel alkylalaninyl phenyl ester prodrugs of tenofovir {9-R-[(2-phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine} (TFV) and a cyclic nucleotide analog, GS-9148 (phosphonomethoxy-2′-fluoro-2′, 3′-dideoxydidehydroadenosine), respectively. Both prodrugs exhibit potent antiretroviral activity against both wild-type and drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains and excellent in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. In this study, the main enzymatic activity responsible for the initial step in the intracellular activation of GS-7340 and GS-9131 was isolated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and identified as lysosomal carboxypeptidase A (cathepsin A [CatA]; EC 3.4.16.5). Biochemical properties of the purified hydrolase (native complex and catalytic subunit molecular masses of 100 and 29 kDa, respectively; isoelectric point [pI] of 5.5) matched those of CatA. Recombinant CatA and the isolated prodrug hydrolase displayed identical susceptibilities to inhibitors and identical substrate preferences towards a panel of tenofovir phosphonoamidate prodrugs. Incubation of both enzymes with 14C-labeled GS-7340 or [3H]difluorophosphonate resulted in the covalent labeling of identical 29-kDa catalytic subunits. Finally, following a 4-h incubation with GS-7340 and GS-9131, the intracellular concentrations of prodrug metabolites detected in CatA-negative fibroblasts were approximately 7.5- and 3-fold lower, respectively, than those detected in normal control fibroblasts. Collectively, these data demonstrate the key role of CatA in the intracellular activation of nucleotide phosphonoamidate prodrugs and open new possibilities for further improvement of this important class of antiviral prodrugs.
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Sandoval-Gutiérrez, José Luis. "Presentación del libro: Diagnóstico y tratamiento en neumología (segunda edición)." NCT Neumología y Cirugía de Tórax 76, no. 2 (2017): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35366/73401.

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Pinkel, Daniel. "Cancer cells, chemotherapy and gene clusters." Nature Genetics 24, no. 3 (March 2000): 208–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/73400.

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Stevanin, Giovanni, Alexandra Herman, Alexandra Dürr, Carla Jodice, Marina Frontali, Yves Agid, and Alexis Brice. "Are (CTG)n expansions at the SCA8 locus rare polymorphisms?" Nature Genetics 24, no. 3 (March 2000): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/73408.

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Karlsson, J. A., J. Souness, S. Webber, K. Pollock, and D. Raeburn. "Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Novel Phosphodiesterase IV Inhibitor RP 73401." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 107, no. 1-3 (1995): 425–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000237066.

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Murthy, S. N. S., J. D. Fondacaro, N. S. Murthy, H. S. Cooper, and Frank Bolkenius. "Beneficial effect of MDL 73404 in dextran sulfate-mediated murine colitis." Agents and Actions 41, S2 (August 1994): C233—C234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01987650.

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Chang, Leon, Xiaochen Liu, Christine P. Diggle, John P. Boyle, Philip M. Hopkins, Marie-Anne Shaw, and Paul D. Allen. "Bioenergetic defects in muscle fibers of RYR1 mutant knock-in mice associated with malignant hyperthermia." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 45 (August 21, 2020): 15226–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.013537.

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Mutations in the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor gene (RYR1) can cause susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia (MH), a potentially lethal genetic condition triggered by volatile anesthetics. MH is associated with hypermetabolism, which has directed research interest into oxidative phosphorylation and muscle bioenergetics. The most common cause of MH in the United Kingdom is the c.7300G>A RYR1 variant, which is present in ∼16% of MH families. Our study focuses on the MH susceptible G2435R-RYR1 knock-in mouse model, which is the murine equivalent of the human c.7300G>A genotype. Using a combination of transcriptomics, protein expression, and functional analysis, we investigated adult muscle fiber bioenergetics in this mouse model. RNA-Seq data showed reduced expression of genes associated with mitochondria and fatty acid oxidation in RYR1 mutants when compared with WT controls. Mitochondrial function was assessed by measuring oxygen consumption rates in permeabilized muscle fibers. Comparisons between WT and homozygous G2435R-RYR1 mitochondria showed a significant increase in complex I–facilitated oxidative phosphorylation in mutant muscle. Furthermore, we observed a gene-dose-specific increase in reactive oxygen species production in G2435R-RYR1 muscle fibers. Collectively, these findings provide evidence of metabolic defects in G2435R-RYR1 knock-in mouse muscle under basal conditions. Differences in metabolic profile could be the result of differential gene expression in metabolic pathways, in conjunction with mitochondrial damage accumulated from chronic exposure to increased oxidative stress.
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Lepist, Eve-Irene, Truc K. Phan, Anupma Roy, Leah Tong, Kelly MacLennan, Bernard Murray, and Adrian S. Ray. "Cobicistat Boosts the Intestinal Absorption of Transport Substrates, Including HIV Protease Inhibitors and GS-7340,In Vitro." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 10 (July 30, 2012): 5409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01089-12.

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ABSTRACTThe experimental pharmacoenhancer cobicistat (COBI), a potent mechanism-based inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A enzymes, was found to inhibit the intestinal efflux transporters P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein. Consistent with its transporter inhibition, COBI significantly increased the absorptive flux of potential candidates for clinical coadministration, including the HIV protease inhibitors atazanavir and darunavir and the lymphoid cell- and tissue-targeted prodrug of the nucleotide analog tenofovir, GS-7340, through monolayers of Caco-2 cellsin vitro.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "7340g"

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Faure, Frédéric. "Approche géométrique de la limite semi-classique par les états cohérents et mécanique quantique sur le tore." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10188.

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Cette these est consacree a des problemes lies a l'etude de la limite semi-classique en mecanique quantique. Le premier chapitre presente une formulation geometrique qui est equivalente au principe variationnel. Elle consiste a concevoir la dynamique classique comme une projection orthogonale de la dynamique quantique sur la famille des etats coherents. L'angle de la projection nous renseigne sur la validite de l'approximation obtenue. Ces resultats sont illustres par un exemple numerique. Le deuxieme chapitre s'attache a la mecanique quantique sur le tore en tant qu'espace de phase, et en particulier a l'etude des degenerescences dans le spectre de modeles du type harper, ou harper pulse qui manifestent du chaos classique. Ce type de modeles trouve ses applications essentiellement en physique du solide, notamment pour l'effet hall quantique. Cette etude se fait d'une part a l'aide de l'indice de chern qui caracterise de facon topologique la localisation des fonctions d'ondes lorsque des conditions de periodicite sont changees, et d'autre part par la distribution de husimi permet de representer un etat quantique dans l'espace de phase. Nous discutons le role joue par les etats associes a une separatrice, par l'effet tunnel et par la nature chaotique de la dynamique
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Williamson, Christopher James. "The impacts of ocean acidification on calcifying macroalgae." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/73409/.

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The ecophysiology of calcified macroalgal species of the genera Corallina (C. officinalis and C. caespitosa) and Ellisolandia (E. elongata) (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) was examined in intertidal rock pools of the NE Atlantic, to facilitate predictions of ocean-acidification and warming impacts on these ecosystem engineers. An initial phylogenetic study highlighted significant cryptic diversity within the genus Corallina, and demonstrated that C. officinalis is restricted predominantly to the North Atlantic, while the recently established C. caespitosa shows a cosmopolitan distribution. Three subsequent studies were performed across the NE Atlantic (Iceland to northern Spain) to examine (i) the production, respiration, calcification and growth of Corallina in relation to irradiance, water temperature, and carbonate chemistry; (ii) the photoacclimation and photoregulation strategies of Corallina and Ellisolandia; and (iii) the recent-past (1850 – 2010) and present-day skeletal mineralogy (Mg/Ca ratios) of Corallina and Ellisolandia and its relationship to sea surface temperature. Data demonstrated that species currently experience significant seasonal and tidal fluctuations in abiotic conditions that may be important when considering future responses to ocean-acidification and climate-change. Seasonality in production, calcification and growth were demonstrated, with decreasing growth observed with increasing latitude. Photoacclimation to allow maximal light utilisation during winter periods, and photoregulation via nonphotochemical quenching were highlighted as important in allowing Corallina and Ellisolandia to maintain maximal productivity while controlling for photo-stress. Seasonal cycles in skeletal Mg incorporation were demonstrated with strong relation to sea surface temperature, though no significant change in skeletal mineralogy was evident since pre-industrial times. Taken together, data indicated that Corallina and Ellisolandia have the potential to survive under future ocean-acidification and warming conditions, though loss of species at high latitudes and shifts in the relative abundances of species across the region is likely to be evident, with overall range contraction predicted for C. officinalis due to both warming and ocean-acidification impacts.
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Raynsford, Juliet. "A critical ethnographic case study exploring creativity, voice and agency in a school for pupils with physical, learning and additional needs." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/73404/.

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The inquiry is set in a medium sized primary school for children aged between 2 – 11 years old with physical, learning and additional needs. The study is relevant to those interested in inclusive research, creativity and the use of kinesthetic research methods. This inquiry’s fieldwork took place over a eighteen month period during which a major reappraisal of the role of creativity within school culture was undertaken. The focus of this thesis is exploring how changes to pedagogical practice and the aesthetic design of the school environment affected pedagogic relations within sessions designated as creative. As a critical ethnographic case study approach is adopted an emphasis is placed upon understanding the particularity and complexity of the single case and, therefore, the thesis is duly cautious in how it generalizes its findings. As is traditional of an ethnographic inquiry this thesis is rooted in thick description accompanied by continual processes of reflection and reflexivity. This process was adopted in order to allow the researcher to identify and interrogate the multiple and diverse lines of inquiry that arose. The thesis concludes by reflecting upon how understanding of creativity and inclusion can be seen to have changed within this particular school culture over the duration of the inquiry. It also provides a summary of how the school’s relationship with the concept of creativity has evolved and continues to evolve. The methodological strengths and limitations of the research are identified and suggestions are made regarding possible future areas of inquiry.
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Ruggieri, Marco. "Cgr overbooking management." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7340/.

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Nel CGR lo stesso cammino può essere assegnato ad una quantità di bundle tale da superare la capacità di uno o più contatti che lo compongono. Lo scopo del mio lavoro di tesi è stato quello di implementare una funzionalità aggiuntiva nel CGR, chiamata Overbooking Management, in grado, se attivata, di rilevare e gestire tale problematica, migliorando dove possibile l’efficienza in termini di tempi di consegna dei dati e di sfruttamento delle risorse.
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Martini, Giulia <1987&gt. "CAD Aspects on Isogeometric Analysis and Hybrid Domains." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7340/.

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This thesis is the result of a Ph.D. program in Alto Apprendistato carried out at the Dipartimento di Informatica - Scienza e Ingegneria (DISI) of the University of Bologna and at the company devDept Software. With regard to the professional side of my Individual Training Project, I developed technical and scientific skills in 3D geometry of curves and surfaces, CAD, and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Regarding the academic side, I investigated CAD aspects in the field of Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) on both single and hybrid multipatch physical domains. Simulations are performed in classical FEA systems, which require the conversion of designs, made by CAD systems, into finite element meshes. IGA is a new approach that aims to unify the worlds of CAD and FEA by using the same geometry for analysis as what is used for modeling. That is, the same set of basis functions are adopted both to describe the computational geometry in the CAD tool, and to span the solution space for FEA. The traditional FEA pipeline works on meshes and the most advanced IGA systems work on NURBS or T-spline geometries. Hybrid geometric models (i.e., models in which mesh and NURBS entities coexist), are an emergent way to represent a solid object, but in most CAD systems mesh and NURBS geometries cannot interact with each other, and conversions to a common representation are often needed. In this thesis, we investigate how IGA can be applied on 2D and 3D hybrid models made by both mesh and NURBS entities without requiring laborious and time consuming conversion processes.
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McGarty, Arlene Marie. "Understanding and validating accelerometry as a measure of physical activity in children with intellectual disabilities." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7340/.

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Background Physical activity in children with intellectual disabilities is a neglected area of study, which is most apparent in relation to physical activity measurement research. Although objective measures, specifically accelerometers, are widely used in research involving children with intellectual disabilities, existing research is based on measurement methods and data interpretation techniques generalised from typically developing children. However, due to physiological and biomechanical differences between these populations, questions have been raised in the existing literature on the validity of generalising data interpretation techniques from typically developing children to children with intellectual disabilities. Therefore, there is a need to conduct population-specific measurement research for children with intellectual disabilities and develop valid methods to interpret accelerometer data, which will increase our understanding of physical activity in this population. Methods Study 1: A systematic review was initially conducted to increase the knowledge base on how accelerometers were used within existing physical activity research involving children with intellectual disabilities and to identify important areas for future research. A systematic search strategy was used to identify relevant articles which used accelerometry-based monitors to quantify activity levels in ambulatory children with intellectual disabilities. Based on best practice guidelines, a novel form was developed to extract data based on 17 research components of accelerometer use. Accelerometer use in relation to best practice guidelines was calculated using percentage scores on a study-by-study and component-by-component basis. Study 2: To investigate the effect of data interpretation methods on the estimation of physical activity intensity in children with intellectual disabilities, a secondary data analysis was conducted. Nine existing sets of child-specific ActiGraph intensity cut points were applied to accelerometer data collected from 10 children with intellectual disabilities during an activity session. Four one-way repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine differences in estimated time spent in sedentary, moderate, vigorous, and moderate to vigorous intensity activity. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni adjustments were additionally used to identify where significant differences occurred. Study 3: The feasibility on a laboratory-based calibration protocol developed for typically developing children was investigated in children with intellectual disabilities. Specifically, the feasibility of activities, measurements, and recruitment was investigated. Five children with intellectual disabilities and five typically developing children participated in 14 treadmill-based and free-living activities. In addition, resting energy expenditure was measured and a treadmill-based graded exercise test was used to assess cardiorespiratory fitness. Breath-by-breath respiratory gas exchange and accelerometry were continually measured during all activities. Feasibility was assessed using observations, activity completion rates, and respiratory data. Study 4: Thirty-six children with intellectual disabilities participated in a semi-structured school-based physical activity session to calibrate accelerometry for the estimation of physical activity intensity. Participants wore a hip-mounted ActiGraph wGT3X+ accelerometer, with direct observation (SOFIT) used as the criterion measure. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted to determine the optimal accelerometer cut points for sedentary, moderate, and vigorous intensity physical activity. Study 5: To cross-validate the calibrated cut points and compare classification accuracy with existing cut points developed in typically developing children, a sub-sample of 14 children with intellectual disabilities who participated in the school-based sessions, as described in Study 4, were included in this study. To examine the validity, classification agreement was investigated between the criterion measure of SOFIT and each set of cut points using sensitivity, specificity, total agreement, and Cohen’s kappa scores. Results Study 1: Ten full text articles were included in this review. The percentage of review criteria met ranged from 12%−47%. Various methods of accelerometer use were reported, with most use decisions not based on population-specific research. A lack of measurement research, specifically the calibration/validation of accelerometers for children with intellectual disabilities, is limiting the ability of researchers to make appropriate and valid accelerometer use decisions. Study 2: The choice of cut points had significant and clinically meaningful effects on the estimation of physical activity intensity and sedentary behaviour. For the 71-minute session, estimations for time spent in each intensity between cut points ranged from: sedentary = 9.50 (± 4.97) to 31.90 (± 6.77) minutes; moderate = 8.10 (± 4.07) to 40.40 (± 5.74) minutes; vigorous = 0.00 (± .00) to 17.40 (± 6.54) minutes; and moderate to vigorous = 8.80 (± 4.64) to 46.50 (± 6.02) minutes. Study 3: All typically developing participants and one participant with intellectual disabilities completed the protocol. No participant met the maximal criteria for the graded exercise test or attained a steady state during the resting measurements. Limitations were identified with the usability of respiratory gas exchange equipment and the validity of measurements. The school-based recruitment strategy was not effective, with a participation rate of 6%. Therefore, a laboratory-based calibration protocol was not feasible for children with intellectual disabilities. Study 4: The optimal vertical axis cut points (cpm) were ≤ 507 (sedentary), 1008−2300 (moderate), and ≥ 2301 (vigorous). Sensitivity scores ranged from 81−88%, specificity 81−85%, and AUC .87−.94. The optimal vector magnitude cut points (cpm) were ≤ 1863 (sedentary), ≥ 2610 (moderate) and ≥ 4215 (vigorous). Sensitivity scores ranged from 80−86%, specificity 77−82%, and AUC .86−.92. Therefore, the vertical axis cut points provide a higher level of accuracy in comparison to the vector magnitude cut points. Study 5: Substantial to excellent classification agreement was found for the calibrated cut points. The calibrated sedentary cut point (ĸ =.66) provided comparable classification agreement with existing cut points (ĸ =.55−.67). However, the existing moderate and vigorous cut points demonstrated low sensitivity (0.33−33.33% and 1.33−53.00%, respectively) and disproportionately high specificity (75.44−.98.12% and 94.61−100.00%, respectively), indicating that cut points developed in typically developing children are too high to accurately classify physical activity intensity in children with intellectual disabilities. Conclusions The studies reported in this thesis are the first to calibrate and validate accelerometry for the estimation of physical activity intensity in children with intellectual disabilities. In comparison with typically developing children, children with intellectual disabilities require lower cut points for the classification of moderate and vigorous intensity activity. Therefore, generalising existing cut points to children with intellectual disabilities will underestimate physical activity and introduce systematic measurement error, which could be a contributing factor to the low levels of physical activity reported for children with intellectual disabilities in previous research.
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Fakandu, Bala Mohammed. "Vented gas explosions." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7340/.

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This investigation generated new experimental data on premixed gas/air vented explosions. A small (0.01 m3) and medium scale (0.2 m3) cylindrical vessels were used with L/D of 2.8 and 2 respectively, with range of vent area coefficients Kv of 2.7-21.7. The initial set of experiments considered free venting, so that the flame propagation during the venting process was laminar and also the short distance of the vessels would reduce the effects of flame self-accelleration. Covered vents were later used with vent static burst pressure Pstat from 35 to 450mb in the 10L vessel. Different gas mixtures were used throughout this work including methane-air (10%), propane-air (4 and 4.5%), ethylene-air (6.5 and 7.5%), and hydrogen-air (30 and 40%) gas mixtures. The ignition position at the far end opposite the vent and central location mid-way the length of the vessels were compared. Current venting guidance is based on experimental vented explosions with central ignition, but this work shows that end ignition opposite the vent is the worst case. The current design procedures for the protection of explosions using venting is shown to be inadequate for hydrogen-air explosions. New data has been presented which indicates that for hydrogen explosions, the vent flow behaves differently as compared to other gas mixtures investigated. Hence, the need for more research in hydrogen-air mixtures in order to have better understanding of hydrogen venting process. Experimental data from the current work also shows that multiple vents and vent shapes have significant effects on explosion overpressure and flame speeds. This is contrary to the assumption of the current venting standards. The effect of static burst pressure on explosion venting was shown to be quite different to that in the design standards, which is supported by other work in larger vessels. Other aspects of vent design that the standards say are not important were shown to be significant: the number of vents, the position of the vent, the shape of the vent, the ignition position. Laminar flame venting theory was shown to be a good predictor of the results and those from the literature where larger vessels were used.
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Alrashidi, Faleh M. F. E. "Comparison of the performance of Islamic mutual funds vs. ethical and conventional mutual funds." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7340/.

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Mutual funds are one of the key contributors to the globalisation of financial markets and one of the main sources of capital flows to emerging economies. This study explores and measures the performance of global Islamic mutual funds through an econometric analysis. Specifically, this study conducted an empirical comparison of performances between Islamic, ethical, and conventional mutual funds using market indexes as benchmarks. In furthering the analyses, this study also explored the ‘Ramadan Effect’ and another comparison/or causality test between Islamic mutual funds and oil prices in the short/long run. Statistical techniques were used in analysing monthly net asset value (NAV), management fee, and Dow Jones Islamic market index (DJIMI), S&P 500 Index, FTSE4Good Global Index, MSCI AC World Index and oil prices include (i) the augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test and the Phillips-Perron (PP) test; (ii) Granger causality; (iii) cointegration, and (iv)the Generalized Method of Moments Regression. Findings of the study demonstrate that oil price did not cause Islamic mutual fund’s performance during the period covered, while Islamic mutual fund’s performance causes oil prices. Since demand and supply equilibrium on oil is unpredictable and oil is considered both as an investment commodity and a fuel, the stock market leads oil prices. Results also show that there is no significant difference between the performance of Islamic mutual funds and those of ethical and conventional mutual funds and between the Islamic mutual funds and the well-known Islamic indices during the whole period or during the bullish or bearish periods.
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Kang, Annie. "Creating supply chain visibility : a case study on extending Intel's Unit Level Traceability to customers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73404.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 58-59).
In an effort to enable supply chain visibility for Intel products, the Customer Unit Level Traceability (ULT) Program was formed to help extend Intel's ULT capability to the customer level. Increased traceability of Intel products could potentially lead customers to realize some of the same benefits, such as improved issue management and security, as other industries already do. Interviewing customers regarding their perspectives on ULT and interest in pilot collaboration engagements with Intel allowed the program to realize that customer adoption would prove to be challenging. By characterizing the program with Everett M. Roger's Innovation Adoption Curve and Geoffrey A. Moore's Chasm, it was also discovered that the pragmatic early majority could not be expected to act as visionary innovators or early adopters and help the program reach a critical mass of customers with its existing strategy. However, the program may evolve to do so or at least reach its target customers by modifying the implementation plan. Rather than extending the ULT capability to customers as a risk mitigation strategy, Intel can effectively prepare a response for when inflection points occur and motivate customer ULT adoption. The timing of the adoption is largely sensitive to when customers are ready to bring on this sort of change and understanding what factors will cause this need. Ultimately, this project lends itself to the longer term, ideal state of having end-to-end traceability of Intel products along the supply chain whereby additional improvements in areas of quality and manufacturing can be discovered.
by Annie Kang.
S.M.
M.B.A.
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10

Zehavi, Limor (Limor Hadas). "Evaluating demand planning strategy in the retail channel." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73401.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-78).
In 2007 Dell began selling through the retail channel. Five years later, the retail channel is still in the early stages relative to competitors and is growing rapidly. Short product lifecycles, long lead times and a high mix of configurations create a complex supply chain. Dell had decided to introduce a Build to Plan fulfillment strategy. Dell has been known for its direct consumer strategy and the retail channel adds an additional stage in the supply chain between Dell and the end consumer. This change impacts the visibility of true demand, resulting in the bullwhip effect. Better collaborative processes such as S&OP and CPFR can improve the channel forecast accuracy, inventory levels, on time delivery, and sales revenue. The personal computer industry has become commoditized; promotions and price have a high impact on the end consumer's purchase decision. Long lead times and high price fluctuation increase uncertainty. Forecasting at a SKU level is challenging and inaccurate. An aggregated approach can reduce the variability and postpone the customization. Forecast accuracy is a key metric that can be used to improve the supply chain. To improve that metric, the appropriate forecast must be tracked and compared to the actual sales. A significant portion of any new planning process will need to account for updated software tools. These tools can help Dell's demand planners facilitate weekly conversations with retailers and ensure more accurate tracking of appropriate demand signals for forecasting. The current product portfolio that allows high flexibility to retailers does not fit the low margins of the product. Demand segmentation can identify which SKU have high volatility and offer a different supply chain strategy for those with low volumes, or spotlight high costs in offering those SKU.
by Limor Zehavi.
S.M.
M.B.A.
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Books on the topic "7340g"

1

van der Veer, Gerrit C., and Gijsbertus Mulder, eds. Human-Computer Interaction. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73402-1.

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Christaller, Thomas, Hans-Werner Hein, and Michael M. Richter, eds. Künstliche Intelligenz. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73405-2.

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Soffel, Michael H. Relativity in Astrometry, Celestial Mechanics and Geodesy. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73406-9.

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Klein, Miles V., and Thomas E. Furtak. Optik. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73409-0.

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Brunn, Stanley D., and Roland Kehrein, eds. Handbook of the Changing World Language Map. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73400-2.

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Pavel, Florin, Viorel Popa, and Radu Vacareanu. Impact of Long-Period Ground Motions on Structural Design: A Case Study for Bucharest, Romania. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73402-6.

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Kaur, Amandeep. Fluorescent Tools for Imaging Oxidative Stress in Biology. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73405-7.

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Pearson, Stuart, Jane L. Holloway, and Richard Thackway, eds. Australian Contributions to Strategic and Military Geography. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73408-8.

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Masulli, Francesco, Sushmita Mitra, and Gabriella Pasi, eds. Applications of Fuzzy Sets Theory. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73400-0.

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Khan, Mahmud Tareq Hassan, ed. Bioactive Heterocycles III. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73402-4.

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Book chapters on the topic "7340g"

1

Carmona, Joan Josep, and Konstantin Yu Fedorovskiy. "Conformal Maps and Uniform Approximation by Polyanalytic Functions." In Selected Topics in Complex Analysis, 109–30. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-7643-7340-7_9.

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van der Veer, Gerrit C., and Gijsbertus Mulder. "Introduction." In Human-Computer Interaction, 1–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73402-1_1.

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Bouma, Louis G., Jeroen Bruijning, and Johannes C. van Vliet. "Document Processing." In Human-Computer Interaction, 144–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73402-1_10.

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Jorna, René. "A Comparison of Presentation and Representation: Linguistic and Pictorial." In Human-Computer Interaction, 172–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73402-1_11.

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Stokman, Frans N., and Pieter H. de Vries. "Structuring Knowledge in a Graph." In Human-Computer Interaction, 186–206. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73402-1_12.

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De Smedt, Koenraad. "Knowledge Representation Techniques in Artificial Intelligence: An Overview." In Human-Computer Interaction, 207–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73402-1_13.

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Desain, Peter. "Tree Doctor, a Software Package for Graphical Manipulation and Animation of Tree Structures." In Human-Computer Interaction, 223–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73402-1_14.

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Kommers, Piet A. M. "Textvision: Elicitation and Acquisition of Conceptual Knowledge by Graphic Representation and Multiwindowing." In Human-Computer Interaction, 237–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73402-1_15.

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van der Veer, Gerrit C., and Michael A. M. Felt. "Development of Mental Models of an Office System: A Field Study on an Introductory Course." In Human-Computer Interaction, 250–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73402-1_16.

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Brée, David S. "Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Psychology: A New Look at Human Factors." In Human-Computer Interaction, 274–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73402-1_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "7340g"

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SPIE, Proceedings of. "Front Matter: Volume 7340." In SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, edited by David P. Casasent and Tien-Hsin Chao. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.829570.

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Ganapathysubramanian, Shankar, Sandeep Sane, Richard Raymond Dimagiba, and Biju I. Chandran. "Exploring the Possibility of Approximating Viscoelastic Response of Underfill Materials Through the Use of Appropriate Linear-Elastic Material Models." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73401.

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Viscoelastic analysis for numerical modeling of IC assembly processes are generally non-linear and require extensive time and computational resources when compared to a linear elastic analysis. Experimental identification/approximation of the viscoelastic properties (in terms of the Prony series) of any polymeric material is also an exhaustive effort. These drawbacks in experimental procedures and modeling activities have forced us to explore the possibility of approximating viscoelastic response of a polymer with an appropriate linear-elastic model. This paper discusses the impact of different approximation methodologies for a viscoelastic material most commonly used in electronic packaging — the underfill material in flip-chip technology. The modeling methodologies discussed here include the use of long term modulus, short term modulus and other “effective” stiffness measures to approximate the response of underfills during assembly processes. The package response, from each of these models, has been compared to the package response from a linear viscoelastic analysis assuming underfill materials to behave as Maxwell solids. It has been observed that the short term modulus consistently over predicts the ILD (interlayer dielectric in the silicon backend) peel stress for various underfill materials. In addition, the paper also explores the existence of an “effective” stiffness that can be used in lieu of a full fledged viscoelastic analysis. The ability to estimate this “effective” stiffness using available temperature dependent modulus data (from DMA tests) is also discussed. The applicability of this effective metric to different underfill materials has also been explored. In conclusion, this study highlights the need for accurate characterization of polymeric materials so that numerical predictions can provide realistic risk assessments for future packaging technologies.
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Dizon, Michael Butch M., Suzana Prstic, and Sung-Won Moon. "Theta_JC Metrology Development: Fixture Design Modeling." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73405.

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The junction-to-case thermal resistance or Theta_JC is one of the important metrics used to evaluate the performance and reliability of a particular electronic package. Currently, there is no established JEDEC standard for a Theta_JC test fixture. This paper presents the results of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling studies carried out to propose a simple and robust Theta_JC fixture. The theoretical Theta_JC value for a particular package was first obtained assuming idealized conditions. The model was then modified to incorporate actual fixture conditions. The objective is to design a tester fixture that reduces the Theta_JC measurement error, i.e. ideal vs. fixture. The effect of various design parameters on the measured Theta_JC value was investigated. Sensitivity studies included cavity or insulation configuration, cold plate size, thermocouple probe orientation, thermal interface materials, and applied power. Modeling results showed that, regardless of the insulation design, there was considerable heat loss through the test board on which the package was mounted. This resulted in a lower Theta_JC value measured, with errors up to 30%. To reduce the heat loss and measurement error, a heater was mounted at the bottom of the board and maintained at a temperature within 1 to 2°C of the junction temperature. Using this simple approach, the measurement error was reduced to around 6%. From the results of the study, an optimized prototype fixture design is proposed.
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Narumanchi, Sreekant V. J., Desikan Bharathan, and Vahab Hassani. "Comparison of Different Single-Phase Liquid Jet Impingement Cooling Configurations in the Context of Thermal Management in Power Electronics." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73407.

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Jet impingement has been an attractive cooling option in a number of industries over the past few decades. Over the past fifteen years, jet impingement has been explored as a cooling option in microelectronics. Recently, interest has also been expressed by the automotive industry in exploring jet impingement as an option for cooling power electronics components. The main purpose of this paper is to compare the different single-phase jet impingement configurations, which have been reported in the literature, primarily from a heat transfer viewpoint. The discussion is also from the viewpoint of the cooling of IGBTs (insulated-gate bipolar transistors), which are found in inverters in hybrid automobiles. In the literature, single and multiple submerged as well as free-surface jets have been investigated. A number of correlations for heat transfer from the simulated chip surface have been presented. These correlations, as well as the results from them will be discussed in detail. We will also present results for the average heat transfer coefficient on the chip surface as a function of both coolant mass flow rate as well as velocity. All the results presented are for water jets. A numerical study of some of the single-jet cooling configurations (free-surface as well as submerged) is also performed and the CFD results are compared to the results obtained from the empirical correlations. The pressure drop associated with these jet impingement systems is also examined briefly. From the standpoint of practical implementation, high velocity jets have the potential to erode the material on which they impinge. This paper will briefly discuss erosion rates associated with jets impinging on aluminum and copper.
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Dutta, I., D. Pan, S. Jadhav, and R. Mahajan. "Creep Behavior of Lead Free Solder Interconnects in Microelectronic Packages: Impression Creep Testing and Constitutive Modeling." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73408.

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The creep behavior of ball grid array (BGA) or flip-chip (FC) solder joints during thermo-mechanical cycling associated with service often limits the reliability of microelectronic packages. In addition, the fine intermetallic precipitates (Ag3Sn and/or Cu6Sn5) in the microstructures of the new lead-free solders (Sn-Ag and Sn-Ag-Cu) can undergo significant in situ strain-enhanced coarsening during TMC, resulting in in-service evolution of the creep behavior of the joints. Since there are significant microstructural/ compositional differences between bulk solder samples and tiny microelectronic solder joints, it is critical to develop accurate creep testing methodologies on tiny life-sized solder joints and microstructurally adaptive constitutive creep models for the emerging Pb-free solder alloys. In this paper, we present creep data obtained from tests conducted on individual Sn4Ag0.5Cu ball grid array (BGA) solder balls attached to a packaging substrate, using a newly developed miniaturized impression creep apparatus, which affords high test throughput with minimal sample preparation. Coarsening of intermetallic particles is demonstrated to influence creep behavior in two ways. At low stresses, the creep rate increases proportionately with precipitate size. At high stresses, precipitate coarsening influences creep response by altering the threshold stress for particle-limited creep. Based on the experimental observations, a microstructurally adaptive creep model, which accounts for the effects of coarsening on the creep response of solder joints, and is capable of adjusting itself as solder joint microstructures evolve during service, is presented, along with experimental determination of the relevant coarsening kinetics parameters.
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Krishnan, Shankar, Suresh V. Garimella, Greg M. Chrysler, and Ravi V. Mahajan. "Towards a Thermal Moore’s Law." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73409.

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The thermal design power trends and power densities for present and future microprocessors are investigated. The trends are derived based on Moore’s law and scaling theory. Both active and stand-by power are discussed and accounted for in the calculations. A brief discussion of various leakage power components and their impact on the power density trends is provided. Two different lower limits of heat dissipation for irreversible logic computers are discussed. These are based on the irreversibility of logic to represent one bit of information, and on the distribution of electrons to represent a bit. These limits are found to be two or more orders of magnitude lower than present-day microprocessor thermal design power trends. Further, these trends are compared to the projected trends for the desktop product sector from the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). To evaluate the thermal impact of the projected power densities, heat sink thermal resistances are calculated for a given technology target. Based on the heat sink thermal resistance trends, the evolution of an air-cooling limit consistent with Moore’s law is predicted. One viable alternative to air-cooling, i.e., the use of high-efficiency solid-state thermoelectric coolers (TECs), is explored. The impact of different parasitics on the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) is quantified. This paper was also originally published as part of the Proceedings of the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference.
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Watt, A. M., and D. C. Craft. "The Safe Recovery Of Hazardous Materials From An Underwater Offshore Site." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/7340-ms.

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Butsuntorn, Nawee, and Antony Jameson. "Time Spectral Method for Rotorcraft Flow with Vorticity Confinement." In 26th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-7340.

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Cheng, Wei, Seungchul Lee, Zhousuo Zhang, and Zhengjia He. "Dissimilarity Measures for ICA-Based Source Number Estimation." In ASME 2012 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 40th North American Manufacturing Research Conference and in participation with the International Conference on Tribology Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2012-7340.

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Most of blind source separation problems are carried out with a priori knowledge of the source numbers. However, for source separation-based machinery condition monitoring and fault diagnosis, it is a challenge work to determine the number of sources for a well source separation due to complex structures and nonlinear mixing mode. Therefore, source number estimation is a necessary and important procedure prior to source separation and further diagnosis work. In this paper, we focus on a novel source number estimation method based on independent component analysis (ICA) and clustering evaluation analysis, and investigate the performances of different dissimilarity measures of ICA-based source number estimations with typical mechanical vibration signals. Our work contributes to find an effective solution of source number estimation for source separation-based machinery condition monitoring and fault diagnosis.
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Polito, Aure´lie. "Waste Treatment by Selective Mineral Ion Exchanger." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7340.

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STMI, subsidiary company of the AREVA Group with over 40 years in the D&D business, has been continuously innovating and developing new decontamination techniques, with the objectives of achieving more efficient decontaminations on a growing spectrum of media. In the field of liquid waste treatment, STMI manufactures uses and commercialises selective inorganic ion exchangers (RAN). These are hydrated synthetic inorganic compounds prepared from very pure raw materials. Different types of RANs (POLYAN, OXTAIN, Fe-Cu, Fe-CoK, Si-Fe-CoK) can be used to trap a large number of radioactive elements in contaminated effluents. Different implementations could be applied depending on technical conditions. STMI’s offers consist in building global solution and preliminary design of installation either in dispersed form (batch) or in column (cartridge filtration). Those products are used all over the world not only in the nuclear business (Canada, US, Belgium, France…) but also in other fields. Indeed, it provides competitive solutions to many domains of application especially water pollution control, liquid waste treatment in the nuclear business by decreasing the activity level of waste. The following paper will focus on the theoretical principle of the mineral exchanger, its implementation and the feed back collected by STMI.
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