Academic literature on the topic '880-04'

AbstractResults from previous studies on maternal folic acid intake and infant oral clefts are inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between women’s use of folic acid and/or multivitamin supplements and the risk for oral cleft in the newborn. We used data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway based on all births in Norway from 1999 to 2013. A total of 528 220 women had 880 568 pregnancies, resulting in 896 674 live births and stillbirths, of which 1623 had oral clefts (isolated oral clefts, n 1311; non-isolated oral clefts, n 312). Altogether, 21·5 % of women were vitamin supplement users before pregnancy. The birth prevalence of oral clefts was 1·81/1000 live births and stillbirths. Relative risks (RR) were estimated with log-binomial regression. For pregnancies with maternal use of vitamins, the adjusted RR for clefts overall was 0·90 (95 % CI 0·79, 1·04). The adjusted RR for cleft palate only (n 586) was 0·84 (95 % CI 0·66, 1·06) and that for cleft lip with or without cleft palate (n 1037) was 0·94 (95 % CI 0·79, 1·13). Associations were stronger for cleft cases that occurred in combination with other malformations (adjusted RR 0·63; 95 % CI 0·45, 0·88), although vitamin supplements provided no protection against isolated clefts (adjusted RR 0·98; 95 % CI 0·84, 1·15). In conclusion, our study demonstrates no statistically significant association between vitamin use and isolated oral clefts. However, we found lower risk for oral clefts that occurred in combination with other malformations.

The current trend is the use of biodiesel as an alternative fuel, one alternative is used cooking oil. Not many Indonesian people are aware of the great potential for utilizing used cooking oil or what is commonly called cooking oil (waste vegetable oil or WVO, also known as waste cooking oil or WCO and used cooking oil or UCO). The aim is to minimize pollution of used/used cooking oil waste in the surrounding environment as environmental conservation, to know the characteristics and quality requirements of used cooking oil/used cooking oil from dormitory X to become biodiesel according to SNI 04-7182-2015 standards, as well as the effect of blending biodiesel from cooking oil used/used cooking oil from dormitory X with PT Pertamina's Solar TBBM on opacity, performance and exhaust emissions of diesel engines. Test results for used cooking oil test criteria for smell, taste, visual color, water content, free fatty acids, acid number and peroxide value do not meet the quality standards of SNI 01-3741-2002, so they are not suitable for use or consumption again because they are toxic. The highest yield value is 81.33% and the lowest is 61.7%. Analysis of the FAME content was 98.18% and the remaining 0.72% glycerol. The highest content of methyl palmitate was 47.57% and the lowest content was 1.502% methyl myristate. Density test results were 815 – 880, viscosity were 2.3 – 6.0 cST, water content were 210,667 – 366,750, ASTM Copper Strip color test and copper blade corrosion were sequentially number 3 and class 1 A. The highest opacity value was achieved at 3000 rpm rotation . Emissions of hydrocarbons (HC) produce no HC on average. Carbon monoxide (CO) exhaust emissions produce an average of 0.05% by volume. Emission levels of CO2 in exhaust gas show an average of 0.2% by volume.

Background To mitigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, health care systems worldwide have implemented telemedicine technologies to respond to the growing need for health care services during these unprecedented times. In the United Arab Emirates, video and audio consultations have been implemented to deliver health services during the pandemic. Objective This study aimed to evaluate whether differences exist in physicians’ attitudes and perceptions of video and audio consultations when delivering telemedicine services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This survey was conducted on a cohort of 880 physicians from outpatient facilities in Abu Dhabi, which delivered telemedicine services during the COVID-19 pandemic between November and December 2020. In total, 623 physicians responded (response rate=70.8%). The survey included a 5-point Likert scale to measure physician’s attitudes and perceptions of video and audio consultations with reference to the quality of the clinical consultation and the professional productivity. Descriptive statistics were used to describe physicians’ sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, designation, clinical specialty, duration of practice, and previous experience with telemedicine) and telemedicine modality (video vs audio consultations). Regression models were used to assess the association between telemedicine modality and physicians’ characteristics with the perceived outcomes of the web-based consultation. Results Compared to audio consultations, video consultations were significantly associated with physicians’ confidence toward managing acute consultations (odds ratio [OR] 1.62, 95% CI 1.2-2.21; P=.002) and an increased ability to provide patient education during the web-based consultation (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.04-4.33; P=.04). There was no significant difference in physicians’ confidence toward managing long-term and follow-up consultations through video or audio consultations (OR 1.35, 95% CI 0.88-2.08; P=.17). Video consultations were less likely to be associated with a reduced overall consultation time (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51-0.93; P=.02) and reduced time for patient note-taking compared to face-to-face visits (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.36-0.65; P<.001). Previous experience with telemedicine was significantly associated with a lower perceived risk of misdiagnosis (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.3-0.71; P<.001) and an enhanced physician-patient rapport (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.26-4.9; P=.008). Conclusions These results indicate that video consultations should be adopted frequently in the new remote clinical consultations. Previous experience with telemedicine was associated with a 2-fold confidence in treating acute conditions, less than a half of the perceived risk of misdiagnosis, and an increased ability to provide patients with health education and enhance the physician-patient rapport. Additionally, these results show that audio consultations are equivalent to video consultations in providing remote follow-up care to patients with chronic conditions. These findings may be beneficial to policymakers of e-health programs in low- and middle-income countries, where audio consultations may significantly increase access to geographically remote health services.

Der Geologe und Seismologe Prof. Dr. Ludwig Ahorner (1930–2007) leitete insgesamt 35 Jahre lang (bis 1995) die Erdbebenstation Bensberg und die spätere Abteilung für Erdbebengeologie am Geologischen Institut der Universität zu Köln. Nicht zuletzt mit der systematischen Aufbereitung der historischen und aktuellen Erdbeben-Basisdaten und ihrer kontinuierlichen Pflege in Form eines magnitudenorientierten Erdbebenkatalogs hat Ahorner für das Erdbebeningenieurwesen und in konkreten Anwendungsaufgaben verdienstvoll bleibende Anerkennung erworben. &nbsp; Nach mehrjährigen (in der Anfangsphase von Ahorner noch begleiteten) Forschungsarbeiten und in Zwischenversionen vorgelegten Überarbeitungen wird der „Ahorner-Katalog“ in umfänglicher Erweiterung für die Erdbeben in deutschen und im 50 km Randbereich angrenzenden Gebieten im Zeitfenster der Jahre 880 bis 2013 als Buch herausgegeben.

Abstract Context.—The histogenesis and origin of sclerosing hemangioma (SH) of lung were uncertain for many years. Many immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and recent molecular studies support the hypothesis that SH is a neoplasm originating from the cells of the terminal lobular unit, similar to the nonmucinous variant of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC). Most cases of SH are benign, but they can metastasize to the regional lymph nodes. Objective.—To compare the patterns of allelic loss of tumor suppressor genes in SH and BAC by microdissection-based genotypic analysis. Design.—Microdissection-based loss of heterozygosity analysis of 9 cases of SH and 14 cases of BAC, using a panel of 7 polymorphic microsatellite markers located on 1p, 5q, 9p, 10q, and 17p. Microsatellite marker and chromosomal arm–based fractional allelic loss (FAL) were calculated in each case. Results.—Our results showed similar patterns of allelic loss between the 2 groups of tumors on an individual case basis. Chromosomal arms 5q and 10q showed frequent allelic loss in SH (66.7% and 62.5%, respectively), whereas in BAC, chromosomal arm 17p (52.6%) was frequently affected. A statistically significant difference in allelic loss between SH and BAC was located only on chromosomal arm 5q (P = .04). Microsatellite marker D5S615 was significantly more frequently affected in SH than in BAC (66.7% vs 28.6%; P = .04). Conclusion.—Our molecular data support the hypothesis of common origin of SH and BAC. A putative tumor suppressor gene that might play a role in tumorigenesis of SH may be located on the chromosomal arm 5q.

Culture is commonly viewed as the most significant factor that distinguishes one ethic group from another. Writing is primarily defined as the carrier of culture. Religion is generally conceded to be the important way to convey culture, while culture is primly manifested by religion. Shang Dynasty that started up as a very first dynasty boasts of literary inscription, in the same time, it is discovered to be the earliest era of writing system in existence. All that is attributed to the Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed. Hence, Oracle Bone Inscriptions is associated with the culture study of Shang Dynasty. Central to the culture of Shang Dynasty is the religion culture in the sense that Oracle Bone Inscriptions articulates a great deal of records related to religion. Oracle Bone Inscriptions, accordingly, manages to provide abundant and genuine documents and evidences for the purpose of studying the culture of Shang Dynasty. The research aims to focus on the Oracle Bone Inscriptions as a main object of analysis, with the combination of the study of Oracle Bone, history of Shang Dynasty together with anthropology, which intends to explore the characteristics of China’s religion and develop a new definition. The Shang Dynasty is regarded as a period of strengthening religious belief and rituals. The degree of China’s religion ceremony represents itself in a statement of full popularity and development in Shang Dynasty which is implicated by the Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and the worship ceremony is embodied in China’s religion. Through the research, it is concluded that the core belief of China’s religion mainly revolves around ancestor worship and its consciousness; particular religious sites, such as ancestor temples; worship ancestor of genetic connection as well as ancestor of social groups; and belief of ethics and morality. Religion is closely concerned in society construction and nation building; moreover, it exerts a significant influence on Chinese cultures in many aspects.
published_or_final_version
Chinese
Master
Master of Philosophy

Malgré la large diffusion de ses œuvres, Eusèbe d’Alexandrie constitue une véritable énigme historique. Dans trois manuscrits grecs, son corpus supposé est bien accompagné de trois discours offrant davantage de détails biographiques, mais le récit contrefactuel qu’ils donnent leur a tôt valu d’être considérés comme fictifs. Quoique signée par un homme, Jean, se présentant comme le notaire d’Eusèbe, cette vie se heurte pourtant aux données historiques et fait de ce dernier le successeur de Cyrille. Or, si fiction il y a, force est de remarquer qu’elle réécrit une période tourmentée et substitue à l’hérétique Dioscore le pieux Eusèbe. Pour tâcher de mieux saisir l’identité d’Eusèbe, il faudrait donc commencer par s’intéresser à celle de Jean, signataire supposé d’une vie impossible. Cette thèse se propose de revoir à nouveaux frais l’édition des trois textes dits biographiques et d’en proposer traduction et commentaire afin d’estimer qui les a composés, quand, pourquoi et comment
In spite of the vast diffusion of his production, little is known about Eusebius of Alexandria. Three Greek codices do compile his collection alongside three texts displaying more biographical details, but their counterfactual recollection of events quickly led historians to view them as fictional. Although it is signed by a man, John, asserting he was Eusebius’s notary, this biography turns the enigmatic writer into Cyril’s successor, colliding thus with the many historical sources that remembered Dioscorus, the so-called Heresiarch, as Cyril’s actual successor. No matter how fictional this biography can appear, it is clear that it tried to erase out a troubled period of time. If one wants to understand who Eusebius really was, one should then first start to consider John, the alleged writer of an impossible tale. This essay contains therefore a new critical edition of the three biographical texts, with a French translation and a commentary aiming at figuring out who wrote them, when, why and how

La diagnosi per le patologie allergiche si basa principalmente sulla valutazione della sensibilizzazione tramite Skin Prick Test e tramite la presenza di IgE specifiche. Per effettuare una diagnosi corretta è quindi necessario che gli estratti utilizzati contengano quantità adeguate di tutte le componenti allergeniche rilevanti. Obiettivo: Confrontare gli estratti allergenici per la diagnosi delle allergie agli acari (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae) provenienti da otto ditte produttrici tramite metodiche in vitro ed in vivo. Metodi: E’ stato richiesto ufficialmente a dieci ditte che vendono in Italia i loro prodotti per la diagnosi di malattie allergiche di partecipare al nostro progetto finanziato dall’Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco. Otto ditte hanno dato il loro consenso e hanno spedito i loro prodotti per la diagnosi in vivo. Gli estratti sono stati analizzati per il contenuto di proteine totali tramite il metodo di Bradford e per il dosaggio degli allergeni maggiori (Der f 1, Der p 1, Mite group 2) tramite ELISA. Inoltre abbiamo valutato il profilo proteico in SDS-PAGE e quello allergenico mediante immunoblotting utilizzando il siero di pazienti allergici agli acari. Sono stati inoltre effettuati Skin Prick Test al fine di valutare l’attività biologica degli estratti in vivo. Risultati: La quantità di proteine presenti negli estratti di D. pteronyssinus varia a seconda della ditta esaminata da 27,7 µg di proteine/ml di estratto a 361,1 µg di proteine/ml di estratto. Analogamente, per quanto riguarda il D. farinae la concentrazione di proteine varia da 20,3 µg di proteine/ml di estratto a 353,0 µg di proteine/ml di estratto. E’ stata valutata anche la concentrazione degli allergeni maggiori negli estratti. Der f 1 era presente in un intervallo tra 26.5 µg di allergene/ml di estratto e 196.1 µg di allergene/ml e Der p 1 tra 9.6 µg/ml e 36.2 µg/ml. La concentrazione del gruppo 2 nei singoli estratti è risultata generalmente inferiore rispetto al gruppo 1. Il gruppo 2 in D. pteronyssinus è presente in un intervallo tra 9.6 µg di allergene/ml di estratto e 31.7 µg di allergene/ml di estratto, e in D. farinae da 1.3 a 10.4. L’analisi in SDS-PAGE ha mostrato che alcune componenti sono assenti sia negli estratti di D. pteronyssinus sia di D. farinae. Le analisi in immunonoblotting hanno mostrato un’ampia eterogeneità tra i diversi estratti rilevando in alcuni casi l’assenza degli allergeni maggiori. Analogamente, i dati relativi agli Skin Prick Test hanno mostrato una notevole eterogeneità in quanto i pazienti sottoposti a questo test hanno mostrato una positività con alcuni estratti ma non con altri. Conclusioni: L’analisi quantitativa delle proteine totali e il dosaggio degli allergeni maggiori hanno evidenziato una notevole eterogeneità sia nella presenza che nella concentrazione degli allergeni negli estratti provenienti dalle differenti ditte. L’analisi del profilo proteico e allergologico hanno confermato questi dati. In conclusione possiamo affermare che gli estratti per la diagnosi per l’allergia agli acari attualmente in commercio non sono sicuramente tra loro equivalenti e che l’utilizzo di alcuni di essi può portare, tramite risultati falsi negativi, a non diagnosticare la patologia in modo appropriato.
Background: Assessment of sensitisation by allergen specific IgE testing or skin prick testing is a primary tool in routine clinical diagnosis of allergy. To perform a correct diagnosis, it is critical that the allergen reagent applied contains an adequate amount of all relevant allergen components. Objective: To compare mite allergen extracts for diagnosis (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae) from eight different manufacturers by in vitro and in vivo methods. Methods: Ten manufacturers were officially requested to participate our project funded by Italian Agency of Medicines. Eight companies gave their consent and sent their products for in vivo diagnosis. Each extracts was analysed for total protein content by Bradford, major allergens content (Der f 1, Der p 1, Mite group 2) by ELISA. Furthermore protein profile was evaluated by SDS-PAGE and allergen profile by immunoblotting with mites allergic sera. Skin prick test was set up to evaluate the in vivo biological activity of the extracts. Results: As regard D. pteronyssinus the protein amount ranged from 27,7 µg protein/ml extract to 361,1 µg protein/ml extract. Similarly, for D. farinae protein concentration ranged from 20,3 µg protein/ml extract to 353,0 µg protein/ml extract. Major allergens amount in the individual extracts was also analysed. Der f 1 ranged from 26.5 µg allergen/ml extract to 196.1 µg allergen/ml and Der p 1 from 9.6 µg/ml to 36.2 µg/ml. The concentration of mite group 2 in the individual extracts was in general lower than group 1. Mite group 2 in D. pteronyssinus ranged from 9.6 µg allergen/ml of extracts to 31.7 µg allergen/ml of extracts, and in D. farinae from 1.3 to 10.4. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that some components are absent in D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae extracts from most manufacturers. Similarly, immunonoblotting analysis showed a heterogeneous allergen profile when the same serum was used, and sometimes no-reactivity against the major allergens was detected. In the same way, skin prick test with the individual patients showed a heterogeneous reactivity of the same extract from different company and sometimes no-reactivity was detected. Conclusion: Both total protein and major allergens’ analysis showed a heterogeneous amount of allergen/s between the same extracts from different manufacturers. The protein profile confirmed this heterogeneity. Allergen analysis further confirmed these data, suggesting that, for some of the sera tested, the absence of major and minor allergens strongly affects the in vivo diagnosis.