Academic literature on the topic '903(93)'

It has been demonstrated that embryonic chicken gizzard smooth muscle contains a unique embryonic myosin light chain of 23,000 mol wt, called L23 (Katoh, N., and S. Kubo, 1978, Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 535:401-411; Takano-Ohmuro, H., T. Obinata, T. Mikawa, and T. Masaki, 1983, J. Biochem. (Tokyo), 93:903-908). When we examined myosins in developing chicken ventricular and pectoralis muscles by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, the myosin light chain (Le) that completely comigrates with L23 was detected in both striated muscles at early developmental stages. Two monoclonal antibodies, MT-53f and MT-185d, were applied to characterize the embryonic light chain Le of striated muscles. Both monoclonal antibodies were raised to fast skeletal muscle myosin light chains; the former antibody is specific to fast muscle myosin light chains 1 and 3, whereas the latter recognizes not only fast muscle myosin light chains but also the embryonic smooth muscle light chain L23. The immunoblots combined with both one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis showed that Le reacts with MT-185d but not with MT-53f. These results strongly indicate that Le is identical to L23 and that embryonic chicken skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles express a common embryo-specific myosin light chain.

This study evaluated the influence of activity preference and involvement on season completion in a community-based football program for children with and without neurodevelopmental disorders. Caregivers (n = 1428) of 1529 children aged 4 to 17 (M = 7.27, SD = 1.85), with (n = 175) and without (n = 1354) neurodevelopmental disorders who were currently participating or had previously participated in a group-based NAB AFL Auskick football program completed an online survey. The survey collected information on their child’s completion of any attempted seasons of the football program, level of involvement during the sessions and preference for football over other sports and activities. Eighty percent of children with a neurodevelopmental diagnosis had completed all seasons of Auskick, compared with 93% of children without a neurodevelopmental diagnosis. Results indicated that children with neurodevelopmental disorders (n = 135) were 3.71 times less likely to complete a football season than their typically developing peers (n = 903). Higher levels of involvement during football sessions and greater preference for football were linked to a higher football season completion rate, irrespective of neurodevelopmental disability diagnosis. This study highlights the influence of child-related factors, in particular, preference and involvement, on children’s sustained participation in community football programs, regardless of neurodevelopmental disability status.

Li, S. H., Du, Y.-P., Wu, Z. H.-Y., Huang, C.-L., Zhang, X.-H., Wang, Z. H.-X. and Jia, G.-X. 2013. Excision of a selectable marker in transgenic lily (Sorbonne) using the Cre/loxP DNA excision system. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 903–912. To generate transgenic lily plants with no selectable marker and improved tolerance to abiotic stress, two vectors were co-transformed into the Lilium oriental hybrid Sorbonne by particle bombardment. The pKSB vector included the Cre/loxp-mediated site-specific cDNA excision system under control of the inducible promoter rd29A, and the pBPC-P5CS-F129A vector carried the P5CS gene, which we hypothesized would improve resistance to drought and salt stresses in transgenic lily plantlets. The presence of the two genes was simultaneously detected by PCR and Southern blotting in two resistant plantlets. The co-transformation rate was 0.16%. Subsequently, inducer expression was tested under varying conditions to optimize the deletion of marker gene. Results from molecular detection assays revealed that maintaining bases of bulblet scales at 4°C for 12 h resulted in an increase in the excision rate, reaching 60%. Expression of P5CS improved resistance to salt stress in transgenic lily plantlets. These results demonstrated the feasibility of using the Cre/loxP-based marker elimination system to generate marker-free transgenic plantlets with improved stress tolerance.

ABSTRACT From 1988 to 1993, 30 cases of poliomyelitis associated with poliovirus type 2 were found in seven governorates of Egypt. Because many of the cases were geographically and temporally clustered and because the case isolates differed antigenically from the vaccine strain, it was initially assumed that the cases signaled the continued circulation of wild type 2 poliovirus. However, comparison of sequences encoding the major capsid protein, VP1 (903 nucleotides), revealed that the isolates were related (93 to 97% nucleotide sequence identity) to the Sabin type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) strain and unrelated (<82% nucleotide sequence identity) to the wild type 2 polioviruses previously indigenous to Egypt (last known isolate: 1979) or to any contemporary wild type 2 polioviruses found elsewhere. The rate and pattern of VP1 divergence among the circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) isolates suggested that all lineages were derived from a single OPV infection that occurred around 1983 and that progeny from the initiating infection circulated for approximately a decade within Egypt along several independent chains of transmission. Complete genomic sequences of an early (1988) and a late (1993) cVDPV isolate revealed that their 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) and noncapsid- 3′ UTR sequences were derived from other species C enteroviruses. Circulation of type 2 cVDPVs occurred at a time of low OPV coverage in the affected communities and ceased when OPV coverage rates increased. The potential for cVDPVs to circulate in populations with low immunity to poliovirus has important implications for current and future strategies to eradicate polio worldwide.

Abstract Background: Total lymphocyte count (TLC) has been shown to correlate with outcomes in patients (pts) with acute leukemia. The clinical correlation to TLC in pts with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) who were treated with a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) is unclear. Methods: Lymphocyte data in pts with newly diagnosed CML-CP who were enrolled in consecutive or parallel clinical trials with front-line imatinib (IM), nilotinib (Nilo), or dasatinib (Dasa) were collected at the time of diagnosis, and 3 and 6 months (M) after the start of TKI. Relative lymphocytrosis (RLC) was defined as lymphocyte >150% at 3 or 6M compared with baseline at diagnosis. Absolute lymphocytosis (ALC) was defined as lymphocyte > 4,000 /µL at 3 or 6M after the start of TKI. Pts were assessed for response, overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), transformation-free survival (TFS), and failure-free survival (FFS) based on ALC and RLC. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate OS, EFS, TFS, and FFS. A log-rank test and Cox regression were used for univariate (UVA) and multivariate analysis (MVA), respectively. Results: A total of 483 pts were enrolled in this study: 271 in IM, 105 in Nilo, and 107 in Dasa. Patient characteristics and outcomes are summarized in Table 1. Median age at diagnosis was 48 years, and median follow-up was 85M and ongoing (5-154+). Time from diagnosis to start of TKI, Sokal risk score, and ALC at baseline between groups did not differ clinically. Of 481 pts, 93 (19%) developed RLC at 3 or 6M; IM, 38 (14%); Nilo, 23 (22%); Dasa, 32 (30%) (p= .001). ALC at 3 or 6M was observed in 15 (3%); IM, 3 (1%); Nilo, 1 (1%); Dasa, 11 (10%) (p<.001). Overall, cumulative incidence of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) at 6M, major molecular response (MMR) at 12M, molecular response with 4.5 log reduction by IS (MR4.5) at 24M did not differ significantly between RLC and non-RLC (3 or 6M), or between ALC and non-ALC (3 or 6M). 5-y TFS, EFS and OS in ALC group were significantly worse than those in non-ALC group (p= .002, p=.016, p=.008, respectively). By UVA and MVA related to OS, age [p <.001; Hazard ratio (HR), 1.062; 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 1.036-1.089], presence of ALC at 3 or 6M [p = .028; HR, 10.948; 95%CI, 1.297-92.415], absence of MMR at 24M [p=.016; HR, 2.263; 95%CI, 1.165-4.393] were identified as adverse prognostic factors for OS. Conclusion: The presence of ALC ≥4,000/µL at 3 or 6M of TKI therapies is rare but is adversely associated with overall survival. Table 1. Patient Characteristics and Outcomes (N=483)a Overall [n= 481] IM [n= 271] Nilo [n= 105] Dasa [n= 107] Age, (year) 48 (15-85) 48 (15-85) 49 (17-82) 48 (16-83) Sokal Risk, No. (%) Low 334 (69) 175 (65) 79 (75) 80 (75) Intermediate 114 (24) 74 (27) 18 (17) 22 (21) High 32 (7) 20 (7) 8 (8) 4 (4) Time from diagnosis to start of TKI, (M) 0.9 (0-12.6) 1.0 (0-12.6) 0.5 (0-5.6) 0.7 (0.1-7.8) ALC at baseline, (/109L) 2.5 (0-86.6) 2.4 (0-16.7) 2.6 (0.4-9.2) 2.7 (0.3-86.6) Incidence of Relative Lymphocytosis, No. (%) At 3M 65 (14) 25 (9) 16 (15) 24 (22) At 6M 76 (16) 32 (12) 20 (19) 24 (22) Overall 93 (19) 38 (14) 23 (22) 32 (30) Incidence of Absolute Lymphocytosis, No. (%) At 3M 8 (2) 1 (0) 0 7 (7) At 6M 11 (2) 3 (1) 1 (1) 7 (7) Overall 15 (3) 3 (1) 1 (1) 11 (10) Outcomes of RLC and ALC at any time in each group, +/- (%/%) (p) <10% BCR-ABL/ABL at 3M RLC 36/40 (.596) 22/44 (.213) 50/37 (.280) 31/38 (.537) ALC 38/39 (.952) 0/42 (.394) 100/39 (.214) 36/35 (.952) Cumulative CCyR at 6M RLC 75/75 (.288) 50/66 (.063) 96/90 (.413) 90/87 (.628) ALC 67/75 (.711) 33/64 (.276) 0/92 (.001) 82/89 (.599) Cumulative MMR at 12M RLC 67/74 (.406) 53/70 (.030) 83/82 (.921) 72/74 (.903) ALC 60/73 (.488) 33/68 (.197) 0/83 (.033) 73/74 (.745) Cumulative MR4.5 at 24M RLC 46/52 (.564) 37/50 (.139) 57/55 (.889) 50/57 (.729) ALC 33/52 (.332) 33/48 (.610) 0/56 (.264) 36/57 (.252) 5-y FFS RLC 61/71 (.133) 56/69 (.167) 62/70 (.710) 61/74 (.285) ALC 50/69 (.076) 0/68 (<.001) 0/70 (<.001) 71/70 (.974) 5-y TFS RLC 90/93 (.369) 88/93 (.597) 91/88 (.115) 91/99 (.213) ALC 72/93 (.002) 67/93 (.014) 0/90 (<.001) 80/97 (.121) 5-y EFS RLC 80/86 (.213) 71/83 (.154) 84/87 (.450) 86/93 (.486) ALC 64/85 (.016) 33/82 (<.001) 0/87 (<.001) 80/92 (.574) 5-y OS RLC 89/93 (.068) 81/94 (.007) 100/84 (.126) 96/99 (.207) ALC 82/93 (.008) 67/93 (.001) 100/88 (.847) 83/99 (.040) a Two in IM and 1 in Dasa were not evaluable due to lack of differential data at 3 and 6M. Figure 1. OS in Pts with ALC Figure 1. OS in Pts with ALC Disclosures O'Brien: Amgen, Celgene, GSK: Consultancy; CLL Global Research Foundation: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Emergent, Genentech, Gilead, Infinity, Pharmacyclics, Spectrum: Consultancy, Research Funding; MorphoSys, Acerta, TG Therapeutics: Research Funding.

4534 Background: Results from the Phase III TARGETs study showed that sorafenib significantly prolonged progression-free survival compared with placebo in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Overall survival was longer with sorafenib than placebo with a hazard ratio of 0.72. The impact of sorafenib treatment on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and symptoms was also evaluated. Methods: HRQL was measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). Symptoms were measured by the FACT-Kidney Cancer Symptom Index (FKSI), in which patients used a Likert scale (0–4) to respond to each of 15 items. FACT-G and FKSI were administered at baseline, at Day 1 of each cycle, and at end-of-treatment visit. Statistical analyses used a random coefficient model over five cycles, using MSKCC risk and treatment as factors and baseline score and relative days as covariates, adjusted for multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction. Results: A total of 903 patients were randomized. The FACT-G completion rates at baseline, and Cycles 2, 3, 4, and 5 were; 96%, 91%, 95%, 99%, and 100%, respectively. The FKSI completion rates were; 94%, 89%, 94%, 97%, and 100%, respectively. The completion rate within each patient reported outcome (PRO) measure, across all visits, was 93%. At baseline, there was no between-treatment difference in score for either FACT-G or FKSI. There was no treatment difference after adjusting for multiple comparisons in mean FACT-G total score (p = 0.96) or its domains (physical well-being [p = 0.92]; emotional well-being [p = 0.46]); social well-being [p = 0.75]; functional well-being [p = 0.94]), and no difference in total score of FKSI over time. FKSI single-item analysis showed that sorafenib-treated patients had significantly less symptoms vs placebo (e.g. cough [p < 0.0001], fevers [p = 0.0015], ‘worry that condition will worsen’ [p = 0.0004], shortness of breath [p ≤ 0.0312], and ‘ability to enjoy life’ [p = 0.0119]). Only ‘concern about treatment side-effects’ favored placebo patients (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Sorafenib demonstrates clinical benefit without adversely impacting overall HRQL, and has a positive impact on individual symptoms. [Table: see text]

Abstract Abstract 2991 Introduction: Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (AHSCT) is a necessary component of treatment for many oncohaemathological diseases. For success of AHSCT a sufficient quantity of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC) are needed. The estimation of the quantity of HSC post aphaeresis is vital. The procedure of aphaeresis is time consuming and expensive but the CD34+ count (equivalent to HSC) measured by traditional flow cytometry, in peripheral blood can predict the quality of the aphaeresis product but is much more expensive than a complete blood count. It has been proposed that morphological changes of myeloid cells detected by some hematological analyzers could reflect the processes of bone marrow stimulation and may provide useful information for the prediction of the efficiency of stimulation and expected outcome of CD34+ stem cells. Materials and methods: Nine patients, 7 with multiple myeloma and 2 with Hodgkins disease were studied after informed consent: 8 female, 1 male, age range 21 to 59. Patients received the standard dose G-CSF, protocol-driven chemotherapy +G-CSF (dose=5 mcg/kg/day). Initial mobilization typically processed 10–12 liters of blood. The Beckman Coulter Cellular Analysis System DxH800 performs Flow Cytometric Digital Morphology analysis of leukocytes with measurement of cell volume (impedance), internal complexity and nucleo/cytoplasm ratio (cell conductivity in the radio-frequency current) and granularity (measurement of 5 angles of light scatter). All these measurements (Mean and Standard Deviations (SD)) are reported as numerical values, called Cell Population Data (CPD). Analysis of CD34+ stem cells was performed on FC500 Flow Cytometer with Stem Kit (Beckman Coulter) using the single-platform ISHAGE protocol. All patients were followed-up daily, starting from the day before G-CSF administration. Results: For patients, responding to therapy (8 from 9 included in the study) an increase in Ne CPD - Neutrophil Mean Volume (NeMV), and Neutrophil SD Volume (NeSDV) was seen from 2 to 4 days before the increase in CD34+ count in peripheral blood. The calculated parameter, Ne Immaturity Index (ImmNeIndex), using the formula (NeMV × NeSDV)/100 was introduced for the analysis. Patients that responded to the stimulation had an increase in NeMV greater than 15%, increase in NeSDV more than 60% and increase in ImmNeIndex more that 85% compared to the values pre- treatment. There was significant correlation between CD34+ and NeMV (correlation coefficient = 0.491, significance level P=0.0011, n=41), CD34+ and NeSDV (correlation coefficient = 0.418, significance level P=0.0065, n=41) and CD34+ and Imm Ne Index (correlation coefficient = 0.489, significance level P=0.0012, n=41). Patients were classified into 3 groups according to %CD34+ cells in peripheral blood at the end of one cycle of stimulation with NeMV, NeSDV and ImmNeIndex (Table 1), and this estimation can give information for the best time for harvest of CD34+ cells after aphaeresis. ROC curve analysis with MedCalc Software (Mariakerke, Belgium) showed that patients with % CD34+ cells higher than 0.2% in peripheral blood can be detected with NeMV (AUC 0. 903, cut-off 162, sensitivity 93%, specificity 89%) and Imm Ne Index (AUC 0.847 cut-off >41.43, sensitivity 93%, specificity 70%). Discussion: Cell Population Data available from Beckman Coulter Cellular Analysis System DxH800 are able to detect morphological changes in the cell size of neutrophils and anisocytosis of neutrophil population. These morphological features follow the stimulation of the bone marrow activity and the production of immature cells, including CD34+ cells. Changes in CPD were detectable 2–4 days before the observed increase in CD34+ count in the peripheral blood and can improve the management of patients. These parameters available on the routine haematological analyser without any additional cost or time can be used as additional criteria in the laboratory to make the decision about timing of aphaeresis for patients after the G-CSF stimulation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Abstract Introduction: Recently, both inorganic polyphosphate (Smith et al., PNAS103:903-8, 2006) and RNA (Kannemeier et al., PNAS104:6388–93, 2007) have been proposed as (patho)physiologic activators of the contact pathway in blood clotting. We also recently showed that polyphosphate of the size secreted by human platelets (approximately 75-mer) acts at two other points in the blood clotting cascade: it accelerates factor V activation and it enhances fibrin clot structure (Smith & Morrissey, Blood, in press). We now compare the ability of RNA and polyphosphate of varying chain lengths to modulate the blood clotting cascade at these three critical points: initiation, factor V activation, and fibrin polymerization. Methods: Polyphosphate was size-fractionated and its procoagulant activities were compared to those of polyinosinic acid, a synthetic singlestranded RNA (ssRNA); polyinosinic acid:polycytidylic acid, a synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA); yeast tRNA or kaolin. Clotting assays were performed using purified fibrinogen, pooled normal plasma, or factor V-deficient plasma to which factor Va was added. Clotting was initiated by CaCl2 (contact pathway), factor Xa, or thrombin. Results: Long-chain polyphosphate (100-mer to 800-mer) triggered the contact pathway with a potency similar to kaolin and was about 30-fold more potent than ssRNA and some 3000- fold more potent than dsRNA or tRNA. Medium-chain polyphosphate (20-mer to 100-mer) and ssRNA both shortened factor Xa clotting times with similar potency, but dsRNA and yeast tRNA were without effect. Replacing plasma factor V with Va blocked the ability of either polyphosphate or ssRNA to shorten factor Xa clotting times, suggesting that both polymers accelerate factor V activation. And finally, when purified fibrinogen was clotted with thrombin, adding either ssRNA or polyphosphate yielded fibrin clots that were about threefold more turbid, indicating that both polymers enhance fibrin clot formation, while dsRNA and yeast tRNA were without effect. (We previously documented that polyphosphate enhances fibrin turbidity by dramatically increasing fibril diameter.) Interestingly, ssRNA significantly shortened the thrombin clotting time of purified fibrinogen, while polyphosphate had no effect on thrombin clotting times. Furthermore, the ability of polyphosphate to enhance fibrin clot structure was calcium-dependent, while ssRNA enhancement of fibrin clotting by thrombin was metal ion-independent. Conclusions: This study shows that RNA modulates critical downstream clotting functions in addition to its previously identified role in triggering the contact pathway. Long-chain polyphosphate (i.e., the size that accumulate in microorganisms, but not the size secreted by platelets) is substantially more potent than RNA in triggering the contact pathway of blood clotting. We therefore propose that polyphosphate may play an important role in host responses to pathogens by triggering the contact pathway. Polyphosphate of the size secreted by platelets had similar potency to ssRNA in accelerating factor V activation. And finally, polyphosphate of the size secreted by platelets had similar potency to RNA in enhancing fibrin clot structure, although the metal ion-dependencies of the two differed, as did their effects on thrombin clotting time. In general, ssRNA was far more potent than dsRNA or tRNA in modulating the blood clotting system.

Heterojunctions of p-Si/Cd1-xZnxO were synthesized by depositing of Cd1-xZnxO films on p-Si substrates by electrochemical deposition. The morphological properties of the films were studied by scanning microscopy. The electric and photoelectrical properties of heterojunctions were investigated depending on the deposition potential and films composition. Heterojunctions of p-Si/Cd1-xZnxO, which deposited at cathode potential of -1.2 V, shows good rectification (k=1640). Under AM1.5 conditions the maximal values of open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, fill factor and efficiency of our best nano-structured cell, were Uoc = 442 mV, Jsc = 19.9 mA/cm2, FF = 0.59 and n = 5.1 %, respectively. Full Text: PDF ReferencesX. Li, et al. "Role of donor defects in enhancing ferromagnetism of Cu-doped ZnO films", J. Appl. Phys., 105, 103914 (2009). CrossRef X. Han, K. Han and M. Tao, "Electrodeposition of Group-IIIA Doped ZnO as a Transparent Conductive Oxide", ECS Trans., 25, 93 (2010). CrossRef W. Liu et al. "Na-Doped p-Type ZnO Microwires", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132, 2498 (2010). CrossRef R.A. Ismail and O.A. Abdulrazaq, "A new route for fabricating CdO/c-Si heterojunction solar cells", Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 91, 903 (2007). CrossRef R.S. Mane, H.M. Pathan, C.D. Lokhande and S.H.Han, "An effective use of nanocrystalline CdO thin films in dye-sensitized solar cells", Sol. Energy, 80 185 (2006). CrossRef E. Martin et al. "Properties of multilayer transparent conducting oxide films", Thin Solid Films, 461, 309 (2004). CrossRef Y. Caglar, M. Caglar, S. Ilican and A. Ates, "Morphological, optical and electrical properties of CdZnO films prepared by sol?gel method", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 42, 065421 (2009). CrossRef F. Wang, Z. Ye, D. Ma, L. Zhu and F. Zhuge, "Formation of quasi-aligned ZnCdO nanorods and nanoneedles", J. Cryst. Growth, 283, 373 (2005). CrossRef A. Abdinov, H. Mamedov, S. Amirova, "Investigation of Electrodeposited Glass/SnO2/CuInSe2/Cd1-xZnxS1-ySey/ZnO Thin Solar Cells", Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 46, 7359 (2007). CrossRef A. Abdinov, H. Mamedov, H. Hasanov, and S. Amirova, "Photosensitivity of p,n-Si/n-Cd1?xZnxS heterojunctions manufactured by a method of electrochemical deposition", Thin Solid Films, 480-481, 388 (2005). CrossRef A. Abdinov, H. Mamedov, and S. Amirova, "Investigation of electrodeposited p-Si/Cd1 ? xZnxS1 ? ySey heterojunction solar cells", Thin Solid Films, 511-512, 140 (2006) CrossRef H. Mamedov, V. Mamedov, V. Mamedova, Kh. Ahmadova, "Investigation of p-GaAs/n-Cd1-xZnxS1-yTey/Cd1-xZnxO heterojunctions deposited by electrochemical deposition", J. Optoelectrom. Adv. M., 17, 67 (2015). DirectLink H. Mamedov et al. "Preparation and Investigation of p-GaAs/n-Cd1-xZnxS1-yTey Heterojunctions Deposited by Electrochemical Deposition", J. Solar Energy Engineering, 136, 044503 (2014). CrossRef S. Sadofev, S. Blumstengel, J. Cui, J. Puls, S. Rogaschewski, P. Schafer and F. Henneberger, "Visible band-gap ZnCdO heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy", Appl. Phys. Lett., 89, 201907 (2006). CrossRef G. Torres-Delgado et al. "Percolation Mechanism and Characterization of (CdO)y(ZnO)1?y Thin Films", Adv. Funct. Mater., 12, 129 (2002). CrossRef H. Tabet-Derraz, N. Benramdane, D. Nacer, A. Bouzidi and M. Medles, "Investigations on ZnxCd1?xO thin films obtained by spray pyrolysis", Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 73, 249 (2002). CrossRef M. Tortosa, M. Mollar and B. Mar?, "Synthesis of ZnCdO thin films by electrodeposition", J. Cryst. Growth, 304, 97 (2007). CrossRef A. Singh, D. Kumar, P. K. Khanna, M. Kumar, and B. Prasad, "Phase Segregation Limit in ZnCdO Thin Films Deposited by Sol?Gel Method: A Study of Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties", ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, 2 (9), Q136 (2013). CrossRef F.Z. Bedia, A. Bedia, B. Benyoucef and S.Hamzaoui, "Electrical Characterization of n-ZnO/p-Si Heterojunction Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis Technique", Physics Procedia, 55, 61 (2014). CrossRef M. Jing-Jing et al. "Rectifying and Photovoltage Properties of ZnO:A1/p-Si Heterojunction", Chin. Phys. Lett., 27 (10), 107304 (2010). CrossRef

Dissertação de Mestrado em Quaternário e Pré-História<br>Archaeological excavation which had been conducted in 2009 and 2010 in the Ziway- Shala Basin, close to the Bulbula River Canyon at B1s4 site, has yielded lithic assemblages and few faunal remains. Two human occupation horizons (PS1 and PS2) were identified which are separated by an occupational hiatus at the very end of the terminal Pleistocene. Analysis of debitage on both unit levels indicates the presence of similar features that lead us to assume that B1s4 lithic industry was oriented towards the production of blades and bladelets. But, this site shows strong technological and industrial variabilities to early Holocene sites which are very close to B1S4. The microliths, which are widely discovered at early Holocene sites-and to a lesser extent sites dated to Pre-Maximum Glacial Maximum-are hard to find at B1s4.Alike Paleoenviromental records in the Ziway-Shala basin and other parts of Ethiopia and Eastern Africa, B1s4 has proved that terminal Pleistocene was characterized by fluctuating weathering conditions that might have forced hunter-gatherers in the region to practice diverse adaptive strategies.