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Renfrow, Stephanie Lei. "Trail Making Test Quotient (Trails B/ Trails A): A comparison with measures of executive functioning." NSUWorks, 2010. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/60.
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This study examined the utility of the Trail Making Test Quotient (Trails B/ Trails A) in assessing executive functioning relative to that of common tests of executive function such as the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Category Test, and the Stroop Test. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship of the Trail Making Test Quotient (Trails B/ Trails A) with other common tests of executive functioning (i.e., Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop, Category Test) to determine whether these tests are measuring similar domains of functioning or whether Trail Making Test Quotient (Trails B/ Trails A) offers a more pure measure of executive functioning over and beyond that of Trail Making Test B alone or the difference score, Trail Making Test (Trails B- Trails A).
A series of partial correlations were conducted involving the Trail Making Test scores (Quotient, Difference, and B [Raw]), and the scores of the executive functioning measures (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Category Test, and Stroop), controlling for age, education, and gender. Trails Quotient, Trails B Raw, and Trails Difference were found to significantly negatively correlate with WCST Total # of Categories. Only Trails B Raw and Trails Difference were found to significantly positively correlate with WCST Perseverative Responses and Category Error. None of the Trail Making Test measures used in this study were found to significantly correlate Stroop Interference. Correlation coefficients were compared to determine the strength of Trails Quotient's relationship with
the aforementioned executive functioning measures relative to that of Trails Difference and Trails B Raw.
Contrary to the hypotheses of the current study, the Trails Quotient demonstrated a significantly weaker correlation with WCST Total # of Categories, WCST Perseverative Responses, and Category Error than that of Trails Difference and Trails B Raw. Additionally, there were no significant differences in the correlation coefficients of Trails Quotient, Trails Difference, and Trails B Raw with Stroop Interference. However, upon further investigation using exploratory factor analyses, it was discovered that Trails Quotient may have represented a particular component of executive functioning more so than the Trails Difference and Trails B Raw. The results suggest that Trails Quotient offers a unique estimate of executive skill specific to cognitive organization, whereas Trails B Raw and Trails Difference represent multiple executive domains including regulatory and organizational abilities.
Clinical practice will benefit from the current study's findings in that assessment of complex executive functioning will be more precise. Future research is needed to determine the utility of the Trails Quotient in identifying specific types and locations of brain injury. Assessment of specific impaired frontal skills common to degenerative dementias and traumatic brain injury may be possible with the use of Trails Quotient contingent upon further research. Future research into the domains of executive functioning and the Trail Making Test should focus on specific skills within regulatory and organizational components, and the development of normative data for Trails Quotient.
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Alagic, Aida. "Error Analysis of the National Test in English coursesA and B." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-14565.
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This paper sets out to examine the most common errors in the national test and whether the students make the same errors in English course B as in English course A at Upper Secondary School in Sweden. The method used for this study is quantitative where nine grammatical features are used to count the errors made. Twenty national tests were used to carry out this study; ten national tests are from English course A and the other ten from English course B. Results from all features from English course A are compared with some features from English course B. The results show that the most common errors made in the national test are subject verb agreement and tense. Those two features had also a worsening in the English course B. The genitive errors have also doubled in English course B. The best improvement happened with the capital letters. Other features either stayed the same or improved slightly. One of the solutions for grammatical errors could be that teachers and students pay more attention to it and that the teachers include more grammar in their lessons so that the students have an opportunity to improve.
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Wicklén, Gustav. "A/B-testning som metod för designval : En beskrivning av arbetsprocessen för två A/B-tester med verktyget SiteGainer." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30560.
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This report describes the work process behind two A/B tests that was developed, launched and analyzed. The tests were designed for the e-merchants Wegot and Cirkusfabriken. The work was carried out at the conversion optimization company Internetexperten. The report reviews the tools used for development, as well as the actual work that the development of the two tests entailed. After that the results of the tests will be described based on how the new design performed on the sections of the sites in the original version that they where compared against.Den här rapporten redogör för arbetsprocessen kring två stycken A/B test som utvecklas, lanseras samt analyseras. Testerna är framtagna till e-handelsföretagen Wegot och Cirkusfabriken. Arbetet är utfört internt på konverteringsoptimeringsföretaget Internetexperten. Rapporten går igenom vilka hjälpmedel som använts för framtagandet, samt det faktiska arbetet som utvecklingen av de två testerna medförde. Efter detta beskrivs resultatet av hur testerna presterade mot de sektioner av webbplatserna i originalutförande som ställdes mot den nya designen.
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Tayduganov, Andrey. "Electroweak radiative B-decays as a test of the Standard Model and beyond." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00648217.
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Recently the radiative B-decay to strange axial-vector mesons, B--> K1(1270) gamma, was observed with a rather large branching ratio. This process is particularly interesting as the subsequent K1-decay into its three-body final state allows us to determine the polarization of the photon, which is mostly left(right)-handed for Bbar(B) in the Standard Model while various new physics models predict additional right(left)-handed components. In this thesis, a new method is proposed to determine the polarization, exploiting the full Dalitz plot distribution, which seems to reduce significantly the statistical errors on the polarization parameter lambda_gamma measurement.This polarization measurement requires, however a detailed knowledge of the K1--> K pi pi strong interaction decays, namely, the complex pattern of the various partial wave amplitudes into several possible quasi-two-body channels as well as their relative phases. A number of experiments have been done to extract all these information while there remain various problems in the previous studies. In this thesis, we investigate the details of these problems. As a theoretical tool, we use the 3P0 quark-pair-creation model in order to improve our understanding of strong K1 decays.Finally we try to estimate some theoretical uncertainties: in particular, the one coming from the uncertainty on the K1 mixing angle, and the effect of a possible ''off-set'' phase in strong decay S-waves. According to our estimations, the systematic errors are found to be of the order of sigma(lambda_gamma)^th<20%. On the other hand, we discuss the sensitivity of the future experiments, namely the SuperB factories and LHCb, to lambda_gamma. Naively estimating the annual signal yields, we found the statistical error of the new method to be sigma(lambda_gamma)^stat<10% which turns out to be reduced by a factor 2 with respect to using the simple angular distribution.We also discuss a comparison to the other methods of the polarization measurement using processes, such as B--> K* e^+ e^-, Bd--> K* gamma and Bs--> phi gamma, for the determination of the ratio of the Wilson coefficients C7gamma^'eff/C7gamma^eff. We show an example of the potential constraints on C7gamma^'eff/C7gamma^eff. in several scenarios of supersymmetric models.
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Gueraichi, Djaffar. "Derivation of test cases for LAP-B from a formal specification in LOTOS." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5721.
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Broome, Judson B. (Judson Bentley). "Development of a robust heat treating process for Rockwell B-scale hardness test blocks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42702.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1997, and Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (p. ).
by Judson B. Broome.
M.S.
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Dodgson, J. H. "The effect of a preliminary test of normality using √b₁ on Student's t Distribution." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1987. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32331.
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Student's t Distribution is introduced with background including comments on its robustness properties. The ad hoc procedure of pretesting data for normality is discussed in the light of current advice, and previous work into its effectiveness reviewed. The approach to the problem is outlined: √b1 for test statistic, the Gram-Charlier distribution for population, approximations using the Johnson system.
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Granlund, Alexander. "Optimera testgrupper baserat på tillfälle och produkt." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-127449.
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This study is about the selection of test groups for a user test. The natural choice for company is to choose people that are included in the target group for the product or system that are about to be tested. This is something I have chosen to focus on. Is there reason to believe that you would choose people to your test group that are not part of the target audience and still produce an equally good result? To learn more about this, a test is conducted on a product that has one focus area and a clear target audience, in this case Snapchat. This research is showing that it’s a difference depending on what people are picked for the test. The two different groups focused on different things in the test that gave different goals to follow.
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Nedelec, Thomas. "Apprentissage statistique contre des agents stratégiques et non-stratégiques, avec application à la théorie des enchères." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN070.
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Le fil directeur de cette thèse est l'étude de mécanismes de décision automatique utilisant des données recueillies en interagissant avec des agents stratégiques ou non-stratégiques. Dans la première partie, nous nous intéressons à l'un des problèmes fondateur de la théorie des mécanismes d'incitation, l'apprentissage de l'enchère maximisant le revenu du vendeur. Cette théorie suppose l'existence d'une distribution de valeur qui permet au vendeur d'optimiser son mécanisme. Pour estimer cette distribution de valeur, les vendeurs utilisent en pratique pour la plupart la distribution des enchères passées des différents acheteurs. En considérant cette hypothèse, nous prouvons qu'il existe des stratégie simples qui permettent aux acheteurs d'augmenter très fortement leur utilité si le vendeur utilise ses enchères passées pour optimiser son mécanisme. Nous commençons par une étude détaillée des principaux résultats de la littérature des enchères. Nous introduisons une forme variationnelle qui permet à la fois de calculer analytiquement des équilibres de Nash mais aussi de mettre en place des méthodes numériques. Nous prouvons que notre approche est robuste par rapport au nombre d'exemples accessibles au vendeur et à une connaissance partielle de la distribution de la compétition. Notre approche numérique nous permet de considérer d'autres configurations plus complexes comme les enchères simultanées de plusieurs objets. Nos travaux sont une nouvelle contribution à l'ensemble des recherches récentes qui s'intéressent à comment certains résultats à la frontière entre la théorie des jeux et l'économie doivent être repensés au moment où des algorithmes d'apprentissage statistique sont utilisés pour exploiter la masse de données disponibles sur la plupart des grandes plateformes internet. Dans la seconde partie, indépendante de la première, nous nous intéressons à ce qu'il est possible de faire pour un agent qui a accès à des données qui n'ont pas été manipulées par un agent stratégique, comme dans un essai clinique par exemple. Nous introduisons un nouvel algorithme qui permet d'arbitrer entre la longueur et le coût d'un A/B test ou de toute expérimentation statistique. Lorsque l'expérimentateur a accès à des données récoltées de façon aléatoire, il est aussi capable de faire des raisonnements contrefactuels. Nous étudions les différents estimateurs qui permettent de faire ce type de raisonnement et proposons un nouvel estimateur plus adapté à l'étude des systèmes de recommandations. Cette seconde partie se concentre sur certains des principaux outils statistiques aujourd'hui utilisés pour mettre en place des systèmes automatisés de prises de décisionsThe common thread of this manuscript is the study of some of the main automatic decision processes using data provided by either strategic or non-strategic agents. In the first part of the manuscript, we study the learning of revenue-maximizing auctions on data provided by the bidders. We first introduce this framework by a detailed overview of the classical results of the auction literature. We prove that if one bidder is aware that his bid distribution is used in order to optimize the seller's revenue, he can take advantage of this data-driven mechanism and increase his utility. To do so, we introduce a simple and generic variational approach to design novel bidding strategies. This strategy works with general value distributions, with asymmetric bidders and for different revenue-maximizing mechanisms. Furthermore, it can be made robust to sample approximation errors on the seller part. This results in a large increase in utility for bidders whether they have a full or partial knowledge of their competitors. This approach naturally yields itself to numerical optimization and algorithms for designing the strategies. We show that these algorithms can be extended to tackle more complicated setups such as the multi-item setting, where no analytical solutions are known. We also study the economical consequences of the existence of such shading strategies on recent results on collusion in revenue-maximizing auctions. This represents a new contribution to the recent line of research at the frontier of game theory, economics and statistics showing how the use of modern statistical learning algorithms on the large amount of data available on internet platforms modifies classical economics interactions.In the second part of the manuscript, we study practical decisions processes enabling to take informed decisions when data are provided by non-strategic agents. We focus on the A/B testing setting where an agent needs to choose between two alternatives. We introduce a new algorithm interpolating between two classical objectives of the multi-armed bandit literature: regret minimization and best-arm identification. Finally, we study some of the main counterfactual estimators used by practitioners when they have access to randomized data. We provide a large overview of most of these estimators, exhibit some of their theoretical properties, their interest in practice and some of their main limitations. This second part provides a large overview of practical statistical tools that can be be used in modern industrial applications
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Dorney, Brian Lee. "Measurement of Angular Correlation in b Quark Pair Production at the LHC as a Test of Perturbative QCD." Thesis, Florida Institute of Technology, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3572589.
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Beauty quarks are pair-produced by strong interactions in multi-TeV proton-proton (pp) collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Such interactions allow for a test of perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in a new energy regime. The primary beauty-antibeauty quark b b pair production mechanisms in perturbative QCD are referred to as flavor creation, flavor excitation, and gluon splitting. These three mechanisms produce bb pairs with characteristic kinematic behavior, which contribute differently to the shape of the differential b b production cross section with respect to the difference in the azimuthal angle Δ&phis; and the combined separation variable Δ R = [special characters omitted] between the beauty and antibeauty quarks (b and b, respectively); with Δη being the change in the pseudorapidity η = — ln (tan (&thetas;/2)), &thetas; being the polar angle. These Δ&phis; and ΔR variables are collectively referred to as angular correlation variables and hence forth referred to as Δ A. By measuring the shape and absolute normalization of the differential production cross section distributions with respect to ΔA a test of the predictions of perturbative QCD can be performed.
This dissertation describes a measurement of the differential production cross sections with respect to the ΔA between two hadronic jets arising from the hadronization and decay of b or b (referred to as b hence forth) produced in pp collisions at the LHC observed with the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector. Hadronic jets are identified as originating from b quarks, i.e. b-tagged, based on the presence of high impact parameter tracks with respect to the primary pp interaction point in events in which a muon is also produced. The study presented in this dissertation corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3 pb -1 collected in 2010 by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV.
The visible kinematic phase-space of the differential production cross sections probed in this study is given by the requirement of two b-tagged hadronic jets with [special characters omitted] > 30 GeV and ∥ηjet∥ < 2.4, with an angular separation of ΔR > 0.6 between them, one of these jets has a muon within its constituents with [special characters omitted] > 8 GeV and ∥ημ∥ < 2.1. The results obtained in data are compared with predictions based on perturbative QCD calculations given by CASCADE, MADGRAPH/MADEVENT, and PYTHIA Monte Carlo event generators. The predictions of perturbative QCD are found to be in agreement the measured differential cross sections within uncertainties.
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Tobe, Shanan S. "A test to identify mammalian species present in forensic trace samples and mixtures using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488550.
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A novel species-specific multiplex to identify 18 common European mammalian species (badger, cat, cow, dog, donkey, fox, goat, guinea pig, harvest mouse, hedgehog, horse, house mouse, human, pig, rabbit, rat, red deer and sheep), often associated with forensic investigations, has been developed.
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Ramos, Renata de Lima 1987. "Adaptação cultural e validação do "The Language Screening Test - LAST" versões A e B para o português do Brasil." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311685.
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Orientador: Regina Yu Shon Chun.Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T11:42:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ramos_RenatadeLima_M.pdf: 4849030 bytes, checksum: 8e3cb46260c390ad0bb76dda595f50e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: O reconhecimento rápido e precoce da afasia após o Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) pode ser difícil em alguns casos. A partir da necessidade de uma detecção mais eficaz para assistência no pós-AVC surgem os screenings tests, testes rápidos, que detectam a presença ou a ausência da afasia e favorecem a reabilitação da pessoa com essa alteração de linguagem. O The Language Screening Test ¿ LAST foi validado na França e traduzido para o inglês, é um teste rápido para a detecção da afasia que pode ser utilizado em diferentes contextos de saúde. A carência de instrumentos com esse caráter no Brasil justifica sua tradução, adaptação cultural e validação para o português do Brasil. Objetivos: Adaptação cultural e validação do "The Language Screening Test" (LAST) para o português do Brasil. Sujeitos e métodos: A pesquisa segue os preceitos éticos, tendo sido aprovada sob número 140.230 Foi realizada no Hospital das Clínicas da UNICAMP (HC/UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil). Trata-se de pesquisa metodológica caracterizada pelos processos de avaliação de instrumentos. O processo de adaptação cultural do instrumento seguiu cinco estágios: tradução, síntese, retro-tradução, revisão por um comitê de juízes especialistas e o pré-teste. Participaram dessa pesquisa 130 sujeitos distribuídos em três etapas diferentes: provas de linguagem para adaptação semântica, idiomática, conceitual e cultural; aplicação do LAST adaptado ¿ versões A e B e aplicação do teste de Boston Diagnóstico para Afasia (provas de expressão oral, compreensão auditiva e nomeação). Resultados: O Comitê de Juízes ratificou poucas mudanças na versão traduzida do teste conforme as respostas do primeiro grupo de participantes além de sugerir outras, sendo que ao todo foram trocadas apenas duas palavras/figuras alvo e quatro sentenças foram adaptadas, o que gerou o documento adaptado a cultura brasileira próximo a versão original francesa. Na aplicação do pré-teste em pessoas sem alterações de linguagem, 90% obteve score máximo, resultando em baixa freqüência de erro no teste. Na população com afasia os resultados apresentaram forte correlação em todos os campos correspondentes do LAST ¿ versões A e B e o Teste de Boston, com nível de significância de 5%. A confiabilidade medida através de forma paralela ou alternada apresentou equivalência entre as versões A e B do LAST adaptado. Conclusão: Os resultados mostram validade de construto e confiabilidade entre os testes aplicados, indicando que o screening test LAST em suas versões A e B após tradução, adaptação cultural e validação para o português são aptos para utilização no Brasil
Abstract: The rapid and early diagnosis of aphasia after stroke can be difficult in some cases. From the need for more effective detection to better assist in post-stroke, the screenings tests - rapid tests, which detect the presence or absence of aphasia and favor the rehabilitation of people with this language disorder - arise. "The Language Screening Test - LAST" was validated in France and translated into English. It is a rapid test for the detection of aphasia that can be used in different health contexts. The lack of instruments of this nature in Brazil justifies its translation, cultural adaptation and validation into Brazilian Portuguese. Objectives: Cultural adaptation and validation of "The Language Screening Test " ( LAST) for the Brazilian Portuguese. Subjects and methods: The research follows the ethical principles, having been approved under number 140.230. It was performed at the Hospital of UNICAMP (HC/ UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil). It is about methodological research characterized by processes of instruments validation. The process of cultural adaptation of the instrument followed five stages: translation, synthesis, back - translation, revision by a committee of expert judges and the pre-test. 130 users participated in this study divided into three different steps: answered the language testes, pre-testing with adapted LAST - versions A and B and application of Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Test (oral expression, listening comprehension and naming test). Results: The Judges Committee ratified a few changes in the translated version of the test according to the responses of the first group of participants, besides they suggested other changes, and in the end there were only two exchanges of words/pictures-target and four sentences have been adapted, which generated the document adapted to Brazilian culture close to the original French version. In applying the pre-test in people with no language alteration, 90 % obtained the maximum score, resulting in low frequency of error in the test. In the population with aphasia, the results showed a strong correlation in all the corresponding fields of the LAST - versions A and B and the Test of Boston, with a significance level of 5 %. The reliability measured via parallel and alternate form showed equivalence between A and B LAST adapted versions. Conclusion: The results show construct validity and reliability between the tests applied, indicating that the screening test LAST in its versions A and B after translation, cultural adaptation and validation for Portuguese are suitable for use in Brazil
Mestrado
Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação
Mestra em Saúde, Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação
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Frohm, Hanna. "Titerbestämning av anti-A och anti-B i trombocytenheter för transfusion över ABO gränsen : utvärdering av rutinanalys och utveckling av en screeningmetod." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-18623.
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Trombocyter är suspenderade i plasma som innehåller antikroppar mot de blodgruppsantigen som saknas på erytrocyterna. För att minimera risken för en hemolytisk reaktion bestäms titern av anti-A och anti-B. Gelkortsteknik används för att detektera antikropp-antigensreaktioner och baseras på agglutinationer i en gel. Syftet med studien var att undersöka titern av anti-A och anti-B i trombocytenheter, samt att utvärdera en rutinanalys och utveckla en screeningmetod. I studien analyserades enheter av blodgrupp O och A. De kontrollerades mot anti-A och/eller anti-B både för IgG och IgM antikroppar. En screeningmetod utvecklades för att kunna screena O-enheterna och en gräns på 1:100 respektive 1:250 undersöktes. Resultatet kunde påvisa en stor skillnad i titer mellan O-och A-enheter. Titern skiljer sig signifikant beroende på om titern bestäms i plasma eller från den färdiga (utspädda) enheten. En screeningmetod på 1:100 påvisade att 86 % av enheterna hade bedömts som hög titer och en screeningmetod på 1:250 visade att andelen sjönk till 31 %. Geltekniken är en känslig metod och är beroende av kompetent personal vid avläsning. En del studier visar liknande resultat men andelen enheter med hög titer varierar och likaså metoder och titergräns. Detta påvisar svårigheterna i att bestämma en kritisk titer och att förutse risker hos patienten. Andra faktorer tros också kunna påverka riskerna. Införande av en screeningmetod på 1:250 kan öka antalet enheter som kan transfunderas över ABO-barriären.Platelets are suspended in plasma containing antibodies to the blood group antigen missing on the erythrocytes. To minimize the risk of hemolytic reaction, the titrers of anti-A and anti-B are determined. The gel test is used to detect antibody-and antigen responses and is based on agglutinations in gel. The purpose was to investigate the titers of anti-A and/or anti-B in platelets. A routine analysis was evaluated and a screening method was implemented. In the study, units of blood group O and A were analyzed. They were checked against anti-A and anti-B for both IgG and IgM antibodies. A screening method was developed to screen the O-units and a limit of 1:100 and 1:250 was used. The results showed great difference in titers between O and A units. The titers differ significantly depending on whether the titers are determined in plasma or from the finished (diluted) unit. A screening method at 1:100 showed that 86 % of the units was rated as high titer while a screening method of 1:250 showed that this was reduced to 31 %. Gel technology is a sensitive method and is dependent on competent staff when reading the agglutinations. Some studies show similar results, but the proportion of high titer units, methods and critical titers varies. It proves the difficulty in determining a critical titer and predicting risks for the patient. Other factors are also believed to influence the risks. Implementation of a 1:250 screening method is believed to increase the number of units that can be transfused over the ABO barrier.
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Alpstig, Josefine, and Henning Carlsson. "Boka nu : Hur lockas gästen att boka en övernattning via hotellets hemsida?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-61358.
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Matoso, Juliana Magalhães Duarte. "Desempenho cognitivo em idosos hipertensos e normotensos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6174.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoA população de idosos cresce rapidamente no Brasil. A prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e distúrbios cognitivos é elevada nesta população. Testamos a hipótese de que a HAS reduz o desempenho cognitivos em idosos. Foram selecionamos idosos hipertensos e normotensos com idade ≥ 60 < 80. O desempenho cognitivo foi avaliado pelo Cambridge Cognitive Examination Revised (CAMCOG-R), por subtestes do Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale v.3 (WAIS III), além do Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), e o dos Trail Making Tests A/B (TMT-A/B). O desempenho cognitivo avaliado pelo escore global do CAMCOG-R e do QI estimado do WAIS III está reduzido nos idosos hipertensos mesmo quando controlado pela escolaridade, depressão, estado geral de saúde e qualidade de vida. O desempenho cognitivo em diversos domínios específicos controlados para a escolaridade, depressão, estado geral de saúde e qualidade de vida, e avaliados pelo CAMCOG-R, WAIS III, TMT-A e RAVLT também está reduzido nos idosos hipertensos. O presente estudo sugere que a HAS está associada ao declínio do desempenho cognitivo global em idosos. Notadamente, o desempenho das funções executivas está reduzido nos idosos hipertensos. Especula-se que a HAS seja um fator de risco para o declínio progressivo do desempenho cognitivo e, portanto, para o desenvolvimento de demência.
The elderly population is growing rapidly in Brazil. The prevalence of hypertension and cognitive disorders is high in this population. We tested the hypothesis that hypertension is associated with decreased cognitive performance in the elderly. We selected normotensive and hypertensive subjects aged ≥ 60 <80 years old. Cognition was assessed through Cambridge Cognitive Examination Revised (CAMCOG-R), subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale v.3 (WAIS III), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), and the Trail Making Tests A/B (TMT-A/B). The cognitive performance assessed by the CAMCOG-R global score and the estimated WAIS III. QI is reduced in elderly hypertensives even when controlled for education, depression, health status and quality of life. The cognitive performance in diverse cognitive domains assessed through CAMCOG-R, WAIS III, TMT-A e RAVLT is also reduced in elderly hypertensives when contolled for education, depression, health status and quality of life. These results suggest that hypertension is associated with reduced global cognitive performance in eldely hypertensives. Notably, executive functions are reduced in eldely hypertensives. We speculate that hypertension might be a risk factor for the progressive decline in cognitive function and, therefore, for the development of dementia.
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Tafa, E. "The development and standardization of a screening test for reading for pupils of the classes B, C, and D in Greek primary schools." Thesis, Swansea University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639149.
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The focus of this study is to develop and standardize a screening test of reading for the pupils of classes B, C and D in Greek elementary schools. A sample of 2,518 pupils (1,282 boys and 1,236 girls) were tested, aged 6 years and 9 months to 10 years and 1 month. Of those 861 pupils were from the area of Attica (Athens) and 1,657 pupils from the rest of Greece. The results of the test were analyzed and the psychometric profile of the test was seen as acceptable. The Alpha coefficient of Cronbach and the Guttman split-half coefficients for each of the classes and also for the sample as a whole were high at around (.94) and certainly acceptable for a screening test of reading. The standard error of measurement was low at (2.4) and also acceptable for such a purpose. The validity is also claimed as satisfactory. Item analysis showed that the test as constructed is an appropriate screening device. Item difficulty indices for the whole sample as well as for each one of the three classes was satisfactory for the majority of the Items. All the Items showed substantial discrimination and for each one of the Items each distractor was effective. The present investigation argues that this test as constructed is an appropriate screening device, which can identify poor readers and can be used by Greek classroom teachers concerned with the classes B, C and D of Greek elementary school.
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West, Saga, and Phatchana Srinin. "Targeted content - a case study on increasing online user engagement." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43346.
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The data generated from the user's activities and surfing online can have a significant impact when used to improve the content of web pages. The user has little time to scan the content of a web page and the motivation to save time is high. Recommendations and personalized content are becoming more and more common and both businesses and consumers seem to benefit from more targeted content. In order to know what recommendations to present to each individual, information about the user is needed and there are many tools to analyze the behaviours of the users online. In this study, we examined if relevant content on the front-page of Visma, a business software provider, can increase the interaction on the front-page and what metrics can be used to measure the interaction. Together with experts in the field we investigated the eAccounting software users’ preferences for targeted recommendations. By having a pop up survey for users of Visma, conducting an A/B test and using a heatmap for the eAccounting users we found out that a more customized front-page makes the user interact more with the page.
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Rocha, Marilene Lopes da. "Estudo da atividade antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória do monoterpeno a,b-Epoxi-carvona e seu efeito sobre a neurotransmissão glutamatérgica." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2010. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6862.
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Previous issue date: 2010-07-08Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The a, b-epoxy-carvone (EC) monoterpene is found in many essential oils from plants, but can also be obtained through organic synthesis from the R-(-)-carvone. Previous studies have demonstrated that this compound exerts depressant effect on central nervous system (CNS), and is also known to have anticonvulsant effects, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. This study investigated the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects of EC in adult male Swiss mice, as well as, its effect on glutamatergic neurotransmission in rats using behavioral tests, vascular permeability test, measurement of paw edema and electrophysiological recordings in vitro, respectively. Intraperiotoneal administration (ip) of EC at doses of 200 or 300 mg/kg provided a significant antinociceptive effect as shown in the writhing test induced by acetic acid. The EC also caused a reduction in formalin-induced nociception in the first (at 300 mg/ g) and second phase (at 200 or 300 mg/kg). In the hot plate test an increase in latency was found at 30 min (at 200 or 300 mg/kg) and 60 min (300 mg/kg) after administration of EC, the effect that was reversed by naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist. After administration of EC (300 mg / kg), the increased vascular permeability induced by acetic acid was reduced, as well as the paw edema induced by carrageenan. The EC reduced by 70% the excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP) field, as well as the glutamatergic EPSP of the pyramidal neurons from the CA1 hippocampal region and the neurons from the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). These results suggest that EC has peripheral and central antinociceptive activity in mice, probably related to opioid system activation and inhibition of acute inflammatory reaction. In addition, EC has depressant effects on excitatory postsynaptic neurotransmission.
A a,b-epoxy-carvona (EC) é um monoterpeno encontrado em muitos óleos essenciais (OE s) de plantas, mas também pode ser obtida por meio da síntese orgânica a partir da R-(-)-carvona. Estudos prévios demonstraram que esse composto exerce efeito depressor no sistema nervoso central (SNC), e é também conhecida por ter efeitos anticonvulsivantes, antioxidante e antimicrobial. O presente estudo investigou os efeitos antinociceptivo e anti-inflamatório da EC, em camundongos suíços machos adultos, bem como seu efeito sobre a neurotransmissão glutamatérgica em ratos usando testes comportamentais, teste da permeabilidade vascular, medida de edema de pata e registros eletrofisiológicos in vitro, respectivamente. A administração intraperiotoneal (i.p.) da EC nas doses de 200 ou 300 mg/kg promoveu um efeito antinociceptivo significante como mostrado no teste das contorções abdominais induzidas pelo ácido acético. A EC também provocou redução na nocicepção induzida pela formalina na primeira (300 mg/kg) e na segunda fase (200 e 300 mg/kg). No teste da placa quente foi encontrado um aumento da latência aos 30 min (nas doses de 200 ou 300 mg/kg) e aos 60 min (na dose de 300 mg/kg) após a administração da EC, um efeito que foi revertido pela naloxona, um antagonista do receptor opióide. Após a administração da EC (300 mg/kg), o aumento da permeabilidade vascular provocado pelo ácido acético foi reduzido, bem como, o edema de pata em camundongos provocada pela carragenina. A EC reduziu em 70% os potenciais pós-sinápticos excitatórios (PEPS) de campo como também os PEPS glutamatérgicos dos neurônios piramidais da região CA1 do hipocampo e dos neurônios do núcleo do trato solitário (NTS). Estes resultados sugerem que EC apresenta atividade antinociceptiva periférica e central em camundongos, provavelmente associada à ativação do sistema opioidérgico, e inibição da reação inflamatória aguda. Além disso, EC exerce efeito depressor na neurotransmissão pós-sináptica excitatória.
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Mohanty, Sujit Kumar. "A. Genetic characterization of the caffeine C-8 oxidation pathway in Pseudomonas Sp. CBB1 B. Validation of caffeine dehydrogenase as a suitable enzyme for a rapid caffeine diagnostic test." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4879.
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Pseudomonassp. CBB1 degraded caffeine via C-8 oxidation. Previously, a novel quinone-dependent caffeine dehydrogenase (Cdh) was shown to catalyze the oxidation of caffeine to 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid (TMU). Initial metabolite analysis using resting cells and partially purified extract of CBB1 identified transient accumulation 1,3,7-trimethyl-5-hydroxyisourate (TM-HIU), and 3,6,8-trimethylallantoin (TMA). TMA structure was confirmed; chiral analysis revealed that it was racemic. In contrast, a time-course reaction showed that one of the enantiomers of TMA accumulated nine times, and racemized in three hours. Based on this, it was proposed that TMU was converted to TM-HIU and enantiomeric TMA.
A 43-kDa NADH-dependent TMU mononxygenase (TmuM) was purified and shown to convert TMU to unstable TM-HIU. The enzyme belonged to a new family of FAD-dependent monooxygenases. The enzyme was specific for methyluric acid with no activity on uric acid. Homology model of TmuM revealed a larger, more hydrophobic active site compared to analogous uricase in the uric acid pathway.
Genes encoding heterotrimeric Cdh (cdhA,B,C) and TmuM (tmuM), were located on a 25.2-kb fragment in CBB1 genome. Gene cluster analysis relative to similar cluster in uric acid degrading organisms identified five more putative genes of the C-8 oxidation pathway, namely tmuH, tmuD, orf1, orf2, and orf3. First three genes were assigned encoding TM-HIU hydrolase (TM-HIU to TM-OHCU), TM-OHCU decarboxylase (TM-OHCU to stereospecific TMA (proposed S-(+)-TMA)), and trimethylallantoinase (stereospecific TMA to TMAA), respectively. Further, orf2 and orf3 are proposed to encode for YlbA and ArgE like hydrolase and deacetylase, which convert TMAA to glyoxylate, di- and monomethylurea. This is the first report of (a) TMA structure (b) TMU monooxygenase and TM-HIU (hydroxylation product of TMU), and (c) complete delineation of C-8 oxidation pathway by a combination of enzymology and cluster analysis.
Excessive consumption of caffeine in various forms has created a need for a rapid diagnostic test, esp. for nursing mothers and infants. Cdh was hypothesized to be suitable for this test. Sensitivity of the test was shown to be 1 ppm. A colorimetric test with partially purified Cdh and INT-dye was optimized to detect within a minute, caffeine in drugs, nursing mother's milk, and differentiate decaffeinated beverages.
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Tran, Nathalie, Lovisa Andreasson, and Alexandra Boman. "Annonser som lockar; Vad är effektivt? : En experimentell studie ur ett företagsperspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23984.
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Background and problem discussion Organizations are today facing an uncertainty regarding how to properly integrate and work with CRM, in particular in regards to attraction and retention of customers. This can be managed through the use of marketing campaigns. There is a lack of practical research regarding the management and how to optimize the budget of marketing campaigns. Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a deeper understanding of how small e-commerce retailers within the beauty industry can optimize the marketing budget for social media campaigns. The purpose will be realized through application of hypotheses. Method This study has applied an experimental method design, where cause-effect in regards to how the marketing communication has influenced the customer behavior was investigated. This has been made through applying a modified A/B-test through the use of a marketing campaign, containing of three ads. The ads have been adapted in regards to the pre-study, using a company’s historical transaction data. Conclusion The results of the A/B-test show higher effectiveness and efficiency in the form of CTR, CPC,CPM, link klicks, more purchases, and lower cost per result. This is the result of the adaptation of the ads in regards to the target group. All of the ads in the campaign display a higher value than the Swedish average. This validates the notion that ads adjustments have a positive effect on customer conversion, and as a result on optimizing social media campaigns marketing budget.Bakgrund och problemdiskussion Det råder osäkerhet hos företag hur de ska integrera och arbeta med CRM, i synnerlighet om attraherandet samt bibehållandet av kunder. Detta är något som företag kan hantera genomkampanjer, dock finns det en brist på praktisk forskning runt hantering och effektivisering av kampanjer och dess marknadsföringsbudget. Syfte Syftet med studien är att skapa en djupare förståelse för hur små e-handelsåterförsäljare inom skönhetsbranschen kan optimera en marknadsföringsbudget vid kampanjer på sociala medier. Syftet kommer att uppfyllas med en rad hypoteser. Metod Studien har designats som ett experiment då orsak-verkan undersöktes i hur kunders beteende påverkas av anpassad marknadskommunikation. Detta har gjorts genom att utforma ett modifierat A/B-test i form av en kampanj innehållandes tre annonser, vilket anpassats utifrån en förstudiebaserat på ett företags tidigare transaktionsdata. Slutsats Resultat av A/B-testet påvisar en höjd effektivitet i form av CTR, CPC, CPM, länkklick, flergenomförda köp samt ett lägre kostnad per resultat, detta till följd av annonsens anpassning till en specifik målgrupp. Samtliga annonserna i kampanjen visar på högre värden än det svenskagenomsnittet. Detta resultat visar på att anpassade annonser har en positiv påverkan på kundkonvertering, och därigenom på optimeringen av marknadsföringsbudgeten för sociala medier.
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Fassauer, Roland. "Personalisierung im E-Commerce – zur Wirkung von E-Mail-Personalisierung auf ausgewählte ökonomische Kennzahlen des Konsumentenverhaltens." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-203512.
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Personalisierung ist ein wichtiger Bereich des Internet Marketings, zu dem es wenige experimentelle Untersuchungen mit großen Teilnehmerzahlen gibt. Für den erfolgreichen Einsatz von Empfehlungsverfahren sind umfangreiche Daten über das Käuferverhalten erforderlich.
Diesen Problemstellungen nimmt sich die vorliegende Arbeit an. In ihr wird das Shop-übergreifende individuelle Käuferverhalten von bis zu 126.000 Newsletter-Empfängern eines deutschen Online-Bonussystems sowohl mittels ausgewählter Data-Mining-Methoden als auch experimentell untersucht.
Dafür werden Prototypen eines Data-Mining-Systems, einer A/B-Test-Software-Komponente und einer Empfehlungssystem-Komponente entwickelt und im Rahmen des Data Minings und durch Online-Feldexperimente evaluiert.
Dabei kann für die genannte Nutzergruppe in einem Experiment bereits mit einem einfachen Empfehlungsverfahren gezeigt werden, dass zum einen die Shop-übergreifenden individuellen Verhaltensdaten des Online-Bonus-Systems für die Erzeugung von Empfehlungen geeignet sind, und zum anderen, dass die dadurch erzeugten Empfehlungen zu signifikant mehr Bestellungen als bei der besten Empfehlung auf Basis durchschnittlichen Käuferverhaltens führten.
In weiteren Experimenten im Rahmen der Evaluierung der A/B-Test-Komponente konnte gezeigt werden, dass absolute Rabattangebote nur dann zu signifikant mehr Bestellungen führten als relative Rabatt-Angebote, wenn sie mit einer Handlungsaufforderung verbunden waren.
Die Arbeit ordnet sich damit in die Forschung zur Beeinflussung des Käuferverhaltens durch Personalisierung und durch unterschiedliche Rabatt-Darstellungen ein und trägt die genannten Ergebnisse und Artefakte bei.
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Corrah, Prince Tumani. "Studies of tuberculosis in the Gambia : [A] The geographical distribution of sensitivity to skin test antigens in the Gambia; [B] A trial pf the effects of prior vaccination and of immunotherapy with M. vaccae on the outcome of treatment for pulmonary tub." Thesis, Open University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283616.
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Callaghan, Maximilian W. "Chimeric orthohepadnavirus core particles for oral delivery of vaccines: Part I. Transformation of tobacco plants with a gene encoding a c-terminus truncated hepatitis B virus core protein. Part II. Construction of a woodchuck hepatitis virus core protein-based universal epitope carrier and test expression in Escherichia coli." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9404.
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Recombinant hepatitis B virus (HBV) core particles have been successfully used as particulate carriers exposing viral and bacterial antigens on their surface. The objective of this research was to explore the use of recombinant core particles from HBV and its close relative the woodchuck hepatitis virus for edible vaccine technology. This was accomplished in two parts. Part 1 was the transformation of a truncated HBV core protein gene into transgenic tobacco plants and characterization of the gene's expression with respect to mRNA levels, protein levels, and particle self-assembly. Part 2 was the construction of a "universal antigen carrier" based on the woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) core protein and generation and characterization of chimeric WHV core proteins carrying two different epitopes from the hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein. In conclusion, it appears that a different approach may be required to express core proteins from HBV-like viruses in transgenic tobacco plants. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Bezerra, Vanessa Munhoz Reina. "Teoria de estratificação e condições de regularidade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55135/tde-10122007-100624/.
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Na presente dissertação faremos um estudo dos conjuntos algébricos, semialgébricos, analíticos, semianalíticos e subanalíticos, real e complexo, através das condições de regularidade da estratificação destes conjuntos. A idéia básica em estratificação é decompor um espaço singular em variedades regulares; e as condições de regularidade, são um controle de como essas variedades se reencontram. Faremos uma abordagem geral das principais condições de regularidade. As condições (a) e (b) de H. Whitney, a (c)-regularidade de K. Bekka, a condição Whitney fraca, definida por D. Trotman e K. Bekka, o teste da razão de Kuo e a (w)-regularidade de Verdier, apresentando suas principais propriedades, teoremas e condições de existênciaIn the present dissertation we do a study of algebraic, semialgebraic, analytic, semianalytic and subanalytic sets, real and complex, through the regularity conditions of the stratification of these sets. The basic idea in stratification is to decompose a singular space into manifolds; and the regularity conditions, is a control of how these manifolds fit together. We do a general approach of the main regularity conditions. The conditions (a) and (b) of H. Whitney, the (c)-regularity of K. Bekka, the condition weakly Whitney, defined for D. Trotman and K. Bekka, the Kuo ratio test and the (w)-regularity of Verdier, presenting their main properties, theorems and conditions of existence
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Chen, Xin. "L’évaluation de la loi du 1er février 2012 concernant l’acquisition du plein exercice pour les médecins à diplôme hors Union européenne." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB123/document.
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La Procédure d'Autorisation d'Exercice est un dispositif qui concerne l'ensemble des praticiens à diplôme hors Union Européenne. Elle a été instaurée en 2007 par la loi CMU du 27 juillet 1999, complétée par la Loi de Financement de la Sécurité Sociale du 21 décembre 2008, modifiée par la loi 2012-157 du 1er février 2012. La dernière loi concernée, la loi n°2016-1888 du 28 décembre 2016 de modernisation, de développement et de protection des territoires de montagne, met fin à la régularisation de ces praticiens. Depuis l'exécution de la loi 2012-157 du 1er février 2012 jusqu'à la fin de l'année 2016, la Procédure d'Autorisation d'Exercice compte 26562 inscriptions et 14647 présentations dont 4866 reçus aux Epreuves de Vérification des Connaissances à la Procédure d'Autorisation d'Exercice. Nous avons étudié les résultats des Epreuves de Vérification des Connaissances avec des analyses approfondies. Entre 2012 et 2016, la liste A a reçu le plus grand nombre de candidats aux Epreuves de Vérification des Connaissances, soit 21123 inscriptions, 10007 présentations. Le taux de réussite de la liste A varie entre 15% et 19%, sachant que la liste A est une liste qui recueille tous les nouveaux arrivants, les Epreuves de Vérification des Connaissances pour cette liste est un concours. La liste B a reçu 562 inscriptions, dont 413 présentations entre 2012 et 2016 avec un taux de réussite de 24% à 41%. Les épreuves pour cette liste sont sous forme d'examen. La liste C a reçu 4877 inscriptions, dont 4227 présentations entre 2012 et 2016 et le taux de réussite est de 56% à 80%. La liste C est aussi un examen qui recueille tous les praticiens à diplôme hors Union Européenne qui sont déjà installés en France. Nous avons observé que la disparition de la liste C est en partie due au dispositif de la Procédure d'Autorisation d'Exercice qui permet la régularisation des praticiens à diplôme hors Union Européenne. La loi 2012-157 du 1er février 2012 qui modifie les conditions et le périmètre de participation des candidats aux Epreuves de Vérification des Connaissances est une des causes de transfert des candidats de la Liste A à la Liste C. Enfin, les praticiens inscrits au tableau de l'Ordre des médecins, et provenant de la Procédure d'Autorisation d'Exercice, occupent une proportion qui est d'environ 10% dans certains départements en France. Ce chiffre montre le nombre de ces praticiens est quasiment aussi important qu'avant et que leur présence est demandée dans la France entière. Dans certains départements, nous avons pu constater que la présence de praticiens à diplôme hors Union Européenne augmente la densité médicale territoriale en France, démontrant l'importance de leur présence au niveau local, ainsi que dans les zones rurales et de montagnes. Le seul contrôle de l'entrée des praticiens à diplôme hors Union Européenne n'est pas suffisant ; la formation continue de ces praticiens devrait être envisagée afin d'améliorer leur niveau médical d'exercice, et la réorientation territoriale d'installation pourrait être une solution qui augmenterait l'offre de soins au niveau localThe "Authorization Exercise Procedure" is a device that concerns all doctors with diplomas outside the European Union. It was introduced in 2007 by law "CMU of 27 July 1999", supplemented by "Law of Social Security Financing" of 21 December 2008, amended by the Law "2012-157 of 1 February 2012", The last law concerned, was No. 2016-1888 of 28 December 2016 on the modernization, development and protection of mountain territories, put an end to the regularization of these doctors. Since the implementation of Law 2012-157 from 1 February 2012 to the end of 2016, the Fiscal Authorization Procedure has 26,562 registrations and 14,647 presentations, of which 4866 were received in the Knowledge Verification Exercise Authorization Procedure. We examined the results of the Knowledge Verification tests with in-depth analyzes. Between 2012 and 2016, List A received the highest number of candidates for the Knowledge Test, 21123 registrations, 10007 presentations. The success rate of List A varies between 15% and 19%, knowing that List A is a list that collects all newcomers, the Knowledge Testing tests for this list is a competition. List B received 562 entries, including 413 entries between 2012 and 2016 with a pass rate of 24% to 41%. The tests for this list are in the form of an examination. List C received 4877 entries, of which 4,227 entries between 2012 and 2016 and the success rate is 56% to 80%. List C is also an examination that gathers all the doctors with diplomas outside the European Union who are already established in France. We have observed that the disappearance of the list C is partly due to the device of the Exercise Authorization Procedure which allows the regularization of the doctors with diploma outside the European Union. Law 2012-157 of February 1, 2012, which modifies the conditions and the perimeter of participation of the candidates in the tests of verification of the Knowledge is one of the causes of transfer of the candidates from List A to List C. Finally, the doctors registered on the board of the French Medical Association, and coming from The Exercise Authorization Procedure, occupy a proportion which is about 10% in certain departments in France. This figure shows the number of these doctors is almost as important as before and that their presence is demanded in the whole of France. In some départements, we have seen that the presence of doctors with diplomas outside the European Union increases the territorial medical density in France, demonstrating the importance of their presence at the local level, as well as in rural and mountain areas. The only control of the entry of doctors with diplomas outside the European Union is not sufficient; The continuing training of these doctors should be considered in order to improve their medical level of practice and the territorial reorientation of the facility could be a solution that would increase the supply of care at the local level
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Munteanu, Mona. "Performances pronostiques du FibroTest chez les sujets avec maladie métabolique du foie Long‐term prognostic value of the FibroTest in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, compared to chronic hepatitis C, B, and alcoholic liver disease Diagnostic performance of a new noninvasive test for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis using a simplified histological reference." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS591.
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Le FibroTest (Brevet APHP-Sorbonne Université) est un marqueur quantitatif de la sévérité de la fibrose, largement validé chez les sujets avec les quatre maladies chroniques les plus fréquentes: les hépatites chroniques C et B, la maladie alcoolique du foie et la stéatose non alcoolique du foie (NAFLD). Sa valeur pronostique pour la prédiction des décès liés au foie a également été validée dans ces maladies à l'exception de la NAFLD, probablement en raison de la progression plus lente de la fibrose, et du fait de la plus grande fréquence des décès d'origine extra-hépatique et la plus faible incidence des décès d'origine hépatique par rapport aux autres causes virales ou alcooliques. L'objectif principal de la thèse a été de démontrer que la valeur pronostique à long terme (10 ans) du FibroTest pour la mortalité liée au foie était équivalente à celle obtenue pour les patients avec hépatite chronique C, la population la mieux validée. Grâce à la précocité d'utilisation du Fibrotest utilisé dès 1997 dans la cohorte prospective de la Pitié-Salpêtrière (projet FibroFrance) il a été possible sur 20 ans de suivre suffisamment de patients à risque métabolique pour valider les performances pronostiques du FibroTest qui étaient au moins égales à celles obtenues chez les patients avec hépatites chroniques virales C et B et les maladies alcooliques du foie. La moitié de la mortalité des maladies du foie étant due au cancer du foie, le deuxième objectif a été de construire et de valider en interne deux nouveaux marqueurs précoces prédictifs de ce cancer, HR1 et HR2 (brevets APHP-Sorbonne Université), chez les sujets avec maladies chroniques du foie, sans ou avec cirrhose initiale. Ces tests combinent l'apolipoprotéine-A1, l'haptoglobine, deux protéines "hépato-protectrices", avec la gammaglutamyl transférase, un marqueur simple et sensible de cytotoxicité. HR1 ne comprend pas de marqueur spécifique de cancer et HR2 utilise l'alpha-foetoprotéine. Nos travaux ont démontré que l'apolipoprotéine-A1 et l'haptoglobine ont une valeur pronostique chez les sujets sans cirrhose avec hépatite médicamenteuse (DILI-ActiTest, brevet APHP-Sorbonne Université), et chez les sujets avec maladies chroniques du foie avec et surtout sans cirrhose, pour prédire précocement le risque de cancer du foie, qualités inconnues au début du projet FibroFrance. L'algorithme de surveillance combinant HR1 et HR2 permet chez les sujets de plus de 50 ans avec ou sans cirrhose de détecter un cancer pour 10 sujets dépistés, et donc autoriserait un dépistage coût-efficace. Pour le troisième objectif, l'amélioration des marqueurs de stéatose et de NASH, deux nouveaux tests quantitatifs ont été construits et validés, (brevets APHP-Sorbonne Université): le NashTest-2 pour le diagnostic de NASH et le SteatoTest-2 pour le diagnostic de stéatose. Pour prendre en charge ces patients à risque métabolique, les tests ont été construits pour reproduire le mieux possible le compte-rendu de biopsie du foie, c’est à dire estimant la présence et la gravité des trois lésions histologiques élémentaires : la stéatose, l'activité inflammatoire et la fibrose. C'est pour cette raison qu'un long travail méthodologique préalable a été mené pour utiliser au mieux les scores de référence maintenant uniformisé par les anatomopathologistes européens et américains. Les principales limites de ces travaux sont l'absence de larges validations externes chez les sujets à risque métabolique, pour reproduire les résultats observés sur nos cohortes, et ce d'autant plus qu'il existe un conflit d'intérêt. Pour les tests largement utilisés pour les hépatites virales et les maladies alcooliques du foie, et la première génération de tests pour les maladies métaboliques, les validations indépendantes avaient confirmé les performances initialesThe FibroTest (Patent APHP-Sorbonne University) has been validated as a biomarker for the diagnosis of the stages of fibrosis in non-alcoholic-fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with results similar to those in chronic hepatitis C, B and alcoholic liver disease (ALD), but it has not yet been confirmed for the prediction of liver-related death. This was mainly due to the lower incidence of liver related deaths, and the higher incidence of non-liver related deaths, as well as the slower progression of fibrosis to cirrhosis, in NAFLD in comparison with other liver diseases. The primary aim was to assess the long-term (10-year) prognostic value of FibroTest in NAFLD and in comparison with that observed in CHC, the most validated population. Due to the very early start of the FibroFrance project in 1997, FibroTest was prospectively assessed in the Pitié-Salpêtrière cohort allowing a 20 years follow-up with a sufficient number of liver-related deaths. As half of the liver-related deaths were due to primary liver cancer, the second aim was to construct and validate internally two new multi-analyte tests, HR1 and HR2 (APHP-Sorbonne University Patents) for the early prediction of cancer, in patients with chronic liver diseases, without and with cirrhosis. Those tests combined apolipoprotein- A1 and haptoglobin, two "hepato-protective" proteins, with gammaglutamyl transferase, a simple marker of cytotoxicity, without specific marker of liver cancer for HR1, and with alpha-fetoprotein for HR2. Our work demonstrated that apoliporotein-A1 and haptoglobin had a prognostic value in patients without cirrhosis and drug-induced liver injury (DILI-ActiTest, APHP-Sorbonne University patent), and in patients with chronic liver diseases with and mostly without cirrhosis, permitting to identify very early the patients at high risk of cancer. These advantages of these proteins were unknown when our project started in 1997. A surveillance algorithm combining HR1 and HR2 in patients older than 50-year permitted to detect one cancer every 10 patients screened. For the third aim, the improvement of blood test for the diagnosis of steatosis and NASH, two new quantitative tests have been constructed and internally validated (APHPSorbonne University Patents), SteatoTest-2 and Nash-Test-2. To manage patients with metabolic risk, these tests have been constructed to reproduce as well as possible the pathologist report of the biopsy, that is estimating the presence and the severity of the elementary histological features: steatosis, inflammatory activity and fibrosis. For this reason a long methodological analysis has been performed to better use as reference the scoring systems now uniformized and recommended by European and American pathologists. The main limitations of our works were the absence of large external validations in patients with metabolic risk, in order to reproduce our results, especially according to a conflict of interest. For the other blood tests widely used in chronic viral hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease, as well as the first generation used in NAFLD, the independent external validations has confirmed the initial performances
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Allen, Robin Geoffrey. "'A test for poetry' : an examination of Louis Zukofsky's 'objectivist principles' and poetic practice." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 1985. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/5701/.
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My aim in this thesis is to examine Louis Zukofsky's poetry in relation to his stated objectivist principles using those principles and Zukofsky's unpublished statements as a test for his theory and practice. The first chapter introduces Zukofsky's poetic principles and examines the relationship between his work and Ezra Pound's Imagism. My aim here is to put the origins of Zukofsky's principles into an appropriate context, disputing the idea of the `objectivist' as a temporarily revivified Imagist. Chapter II examines Zukofsky's earliest verse, both umpublished juvenilia and the few early poems retained for publication. These poems all predate the `objectivist' statements and a comparison is made between these poems which anticipate the poet's later technique and those which do not. The chapter culminates in a study of `Poem beginning `The'' as the first identifiably objectivist work. Chapter III is concerned with Zukofsky as editor and critic since it was in this dual role that he first expressed his poetic theory. The principles of this theory are examined in detail here and the relationship between Zukofsky's poetry and criticism closely defined. The fourth chapter examines Zukofsky's shorter poems in the light of the critical framework provided by the `objectivist principles'. Individual poems are closely examined to reveal the `mechanism' of `objectivist' poetry and to facilitate a reading of Zukofsky's long poem `A'. Chapters V and VI are concerned with the two halves of `A'. Attention is given to the poem's detailed composition and to its overall structure and movement. This analysis is guided by the overriding question of the application of `objectivist princples' to a long rather than a short poem. The final chapter reviews Zukofsky's sustained critical idiom in both poetry and prose criticism and concludes that this idiom provides a flexible but principled and consistent framework for his life's work.
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Santos, Juliano dos. "Validação do teste de trilhas - B (trail making test - B) para uso em pacientes brasileiros com câncer em cuidados paliativos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-18082011-074222/.
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Introdução: Prejuízos na atenção, concentração e execução de tarefas, entre outras funções cognitivas, parecem ser frequentes em doentes com câncer e em cuidados paliativos e podem comprometer o cotidiano desses pacientes. No entanto, há poucos estudos sobre o tema e desconhecem-se testes validados para essa população no Brasil. Objetivo: Validar o Teste de Trilhas B (TT-B) para uso em pacientes com câncer em cuidados paliativos. Método: Trata-se de estudo metodológico, de validação de instrumento, que envolveu pacientes (n=94) em tratamento paliativo no Ambulatório de Quimioterapia do Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo e seus acompanhantes (n=39). Os avaliados realizaram o TT-B e responderam dados sócio-demográficos, sobre a presença e intensidade de dor, de fadiga, sobre a qualidade do sono, ansiedade e depressão, em dois momentos, com intervalo máximo de sete dias. Os doentes também foram caracterizados quanto à doença e tratamento. As validades convergente e divergente foram testadas pela correlação entre o desempenho no TT-B, mensurado pelo tempo para a realização do teste e o número de erros cometidos, com a intensidade da dor, da fadiga, da ansiedade, da depressão e do repouso atribuído ao sono da noite anterior às avaliações. A validade discriminante foi testada pela comparação do TT-B entre doentes e sadios. A estabilidade do TT-B, em doentes e sadios, foi avaliada por meio de teste e reteste. Resultados: Os doentes tinham câncer colo-retal (47,8%), câncer de mama (15,9%), a totalidade apresentava metástase, foram homens (52,1%), com idade média de 53 anos. Para os doentes, o tempo médio de realização do TT-B foi de 147,5 segundos na primeira e 132 segundos na segunda avaliação e o número de erros médio foi de 1 na primeira e 0,8 na segunda avaliação. Para os acompanhantes o tempo de realização do TT-B foi de 127,3 e 110,7 segundos na primeira e segunda avaliação respectivamente e o número de erros foi 0,9 na primeira e 0,6 na segunda avaliação. O instrumento discriminou doentes de sadios em relação ao tempo utilizado para a realização do teste na primeira (p=0,014) e na segunda (p=0,035) avaliação, indicando melhor desempenho para os sadios, mas não em relação ao número de erros. O teste foi estável entre os sadios nas duas avaliações, tanto em relação ao tempo (p=0,071) quanto em relação ao número de erros (p=0,352) e entre os doentes o instrumento foi estável apenas em relação ao número de erros (p=0,913). O TT-B não demonstrou correlações significativas com dor, fadiga, depressão, ansiedade e descanso, o que causou estranheza. Conclusão: O TT-B está em processo de validação. Mostrou-se capaz de discriminar doentes de sadios e foi estável entre os saudáveis. Recomenda-se a continuidade de estudos com amostras maiores e a utilização do TT-B em paralelo a outro instrumento que avalie a função executiva.Introduction: Impairments in attention, concentration and execution of tasks, among other cognitive functions, seem to be frequent in patients with cancer in palliative care and they can affect patients daily life. However, there are few studies about the theme and to our knowledge there are no validated tests for this population in Brazil. Objective: To validate Trial Making TestB (TMT-B) for assessment of patients with cancer in palliative care. Methods: Methodological study to validate an instrument that involved patients (n=94) in palliative treatment at the Clinic of Chemotherapy of the Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo and their healthy accompanying person (n=39). Patients were tested on TMT-B and answered demographic data, questions about the presence of pain and intensity, fatigue, quality of sleep, anxiety and depression, in two moments, with maximum interval of seven days. The patients were also characterized according to disease and treatment. The convergent and divergent validities were tested by the correlation between the performance on TMT-B, measured by the amount of time required to complete the task and the number of mistakes, and pain intensity, fatigue, anxiety, depression and the rest attributed to sleep in the previous night before assessments. The discriminate validity was tested by the comparison of TMT-B between patients and healthy accompany persons. The stability of TMT-B, in patients and healthy companions was evaluated through test and re-test. Results: The patients had colorectal cancer (47.8%), followed by breast cancer (15.9%), the totality presented metastasis, most patients were men (52.1%), mean age was 53 years. For patients, mean time required to complete TMT-B was 147.5 seconds in the first and 132 seconds in the second assessments and the mean number of mistakes was 1 in the first and 0.8 in the second assessments. For the healthy accompany person, the time required to complete TMT-B was respectively 127.3 and 110.7 seconds in the first and second assessments and the number of mistakes was 0.9 in the first and 0.6 in the second assessments. The instrument discriminated patients from healthy accompany persons regarding time required to complete the test in the first (p=0.014) and second (p=0.035) assessments, indicating better performance for the healthy ones, but not in relation to the number of mistakes. The test was stable among healthy people in the two assessments regarding time (p=0.071) and number of mistakes (p=0.352); for patients, the instrument was stable only in relation to the number of mistakes (p=0.913). TMT-B did not demonstrate significant correlations with pain, fatigue, depression, anxiety and rest. Conclusion: TMT-B is in validation process. It was able to discriminate between patients and healthy accompany persons and was stable for the healthy ones. Further studies are recommended with larger samples as well as the use of TMT-B in parallel to other instrument that evaluates the executive function.
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Bisca, Jacqueline Muniz. "Prevalência dos tipos sanguíneos A, B e AB em felinos selvagens neotropicais nativos do Brasil." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151017.
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Orientador: Carlos Roberto TeixeiraResumo: Os felinos selvagens neotropicais habitam as Américas do Sul e Central, porém apenas oito espécies são nativas do Brasil. Foi reportado em felinos selvagens o mesmo sistema AB sanguíneo de felinos domésticos, composto por três tipos, A, B e o mais raro AB. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar tipagem sanguínea nas espécies de felídeos neotropicais brasileiras através do teste em cartão e teste de hemaglutinação em tubo de ensaio. Comparar o uso destas técnicas e descrever a prevalência dos tipos sanguíneos A, B e AB nestas espécies. Foram coletadas 42 amostras de seis diferentes espécies de felinos selvagens neotropicais, sendo dez Leopardus tigrinus, sete Leopardus weidii, oito Leopardus pardalis, dois Puma yagouaroundi, quatro Puma concolor e 11 Panthera onca. Todos os animais pertencentes ao gênero Panthera e Leopardus foram positivos para o tipo sanguíneo A em ambos os testes realizados. Já os animais pertencentes ao gênero Puma, foram positivos para o tipo B. Não houve problemas para tipagem através do método em cartão, sugerindo uma boa aplicabilidade na tipagem sanguínea em felídeos.
Abstract: Neotropical wild felids habit South and Central America, but only eight species are native to Brazil. The same AB blood system of domestic cats has been reported in wild cats, consisting of three types, A, B and the rarest AB. The objective of this work was to perform blood typing in Brazilian neotropical wild cats species through the card test and hemagglutination test in a test tube. Compare the use of these techniques and to describe the prevalence of blood types A, B and AB in these species. A total of 42 samples of six different Neotropical wild cat species were collected: ten Leopardus tigrinus, seven Leopardus weidii, eight Leopardus pardalis, two Puma yagouaroundi, four Puma concolor and 11 Panthera onca. All animals belonging to the genus Panthera and Leopardus were positive for blood type A in both tests. However, the animals belonging to the Puma genus were positive for type B. There were no problems for typing through the cardboard method, suggesting a good applicability in feline blood typing.
Mestre
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Siriyala, Kodhanda Karthik. "Determining Level of Cognitive Impairment via Computing Fractals using a Computer." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7364.
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Mild Cognitive Impairment is a condition that affects an individual's thinking and decision making capabilities. Specifically, it is one where an individual's capabilities of memorizing, thinking and decision making are less efficient when compared to others. In order to diagnose this condition, a conventional method is to provide the subject with a small challenge they should be completed using pen and paper. This thesis focuses on how this method can be converted to a computer based test. A data visualization tool named Processing has been used to develop a system that runs a game-like test, which is completed by individuals using a mouse. The system then saves the individual's mouse movements in the form of a CSV file. This files are used for further analyzed using JMP Pro on how this data can be used for determining cognitive abilities via computing a metric called Fractal, and what conclusions can be drawn. In order to achieve comparable results, readings from two diverse age groups have been collected. The results using a total of 12 subjects are convincing in that the tool can be used to as a marker for detecting cognitive impairment.
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Myers, S. P. "Mythology for Christians : an investigation and empirical test of C.G. Jung's proposal that protestant theologians and adherents should think of God as a mythologem." Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/20065/.
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This research tests C.G. Jung’s suggestion that if protestant Christians think of God as a mythologem then it advances consciousness. There is an implied benefit of greater religious tolerance. The research methodology is to investigate the theoretical concepts involved, operationalise them, and then conduct an empirical test of their relationship. There are multiple problems that have to be overcome, including Jung’s amorphous and protean use of terminology. His concept of myth, in this context, is clarified and positioned within his philosophy, the contemporary culture of materialism, and the primary beliefs of the target audience. The contemporary understanding of Jungian consciousness is also revisioned to incorporate Jung’s notion of advancement based on the transcendent function. There are no existing measures for ‘thinking mythologically’ nor ‘advancement’. The concepts do not lend themselves to established psychometric principles. Therefore, two new forms of questionnaire are devised to measure these concepts, alongside two new questionnaires of conventional design that collect information about demographics and religious tolerance. There is an Information Technology sub-project, using a bespoke database and set of programs, to develop, publish, and promote the questionnaires on the internet. There are then two stages of statistical analysis: one to develop reliable and valid measures for each concept; the other to measure the relationships between the concepts. The main result of the test is that the specific relationship Jung describes in the letter – between mythological thinking and advancement of consciousness – does not hold. However, the data does suggest there may be a direct relationship between mythological thinking and religious tolerance. Despite the failure of the main test, there are a number of useful lessons from the results and suggestions for future research. There are also several spin-offs from the thesis, in terms of both concepts and resources. These are reviewed in the final chapter.
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Rippeyoung, Phyllis Love Farley. "Is it too late baby? pinpointing the emergence of a black-white test score gap in infancy." Diss., University of Iowa, 2006. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/80.
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Faltynková, Pavla. "Bytové domy A a B v Nemocniční ulici v Uničově - stavebně technologická příprava stavby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225557.
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This thesis deals with constructive -technological solutions of construction of two residential buildings A and B in Uničov. The thesis includes preparation and construction site equipment, technological prescription for implementation of anhydrite floors, time schedule and financial plan of construction, project budget, monitoring and test plans, instructions for maintenance, fire problem solution and security plan for requirements of the EMS.
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Coelho, Margarida Cardoso Reis Sá. "Human lactase persistence : evaluation of concordance between the breath hydrogen test and molecular genotyping - analysis of evolutionary history using a microsatellite approach." Dissertação, Porto : [s.n.], 2005. http://catalogo.up.pt/F?func=find-b&local_base=FCB01&find_code=SYS&request=000075394.
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Burke, Jason Timothy. "Study of 14O as a test of the unitarity of the CKM matrix and the CVC hypothesis." Berkeley, Calif. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2004. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/840334-xlgiB7/native/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.); Submitted to the University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (US); 1 Jun 2004.Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "LBNL--56278" Burke, Jason Timothy. USDOE Director. Office of Science. Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics. Division of Nuclear Physics (US) 06/01/2004. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.
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Ševčík, Daniel. "Bytový dům Mrštíkova Hustopeče, Blok B - stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409946.
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This master’s thesis is focused on technological and constructional project of apartment building – Block „B“ in the Hustopeče city. Content of this thesis includes engineering report of technological project, construction site equipment, used machinery, situational concept of transport routes and technological regulations for drilled pilots. This thesis also contains construction time schledule, itemized budget and assessment of the masonry systems.
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Malý, Filip. "Stavebně technologický projekt výstavby polyfunkčního domu lokalita Nová Nitra." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225445.
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The content of this thesis is the construction project of technological multifunctional building new locality Nitra the Slovak Republic. Individual points outline the project, which are dealt with in this thesis can be divided into subcategories, depending on the type of information provided. The first category can include items such as a technical report to the STP, which describes the basic information about the objects constructed building including the construction situation, location of the site including links to transport and technical infrastructure and rough timetable for the construction of all buildings. The second category can include no specific calculation and optimization outputs such as itemized budget polyfunctional house SO-07.03, drawing of the site including all buildings proposed site and their economic evaluation, sizing of utilities for supplying water and electricity construction site, design of building machines and mechanisms including determining the time of deployment, technological regulation for the implementation of monolithic roof structure, including financial balance sheets prepared by the deployment of slab formwork. The last category included in the thesis are legislative requirements that must be observed and kept in the course of the construction plan is constructed as a safety and health at work, including security risks drawn up, inspection and testing schedule for monolithic construction and a list of environmental risks that may arise during implementation.
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Huang, Yu-Fen, and 黃鈺棻. "A Study on the Adequacy of the Class B Skill Test – with “Interior Design a Building”." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71689176835451888488.
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碩士中華大學
建築與都市計劃學系(所)
96
In1996, "Regulations of structural interior decoration management," were published by the Construction and Planning Agency of Ministry of Interior. From 2004, the practitioners of interior design must pass the class B skill test of “Interior Design a Building” and “Interior Decoration & Repairs Management of a Building”. and attend the session of "Interior Design and Decoration" to register for the" Interior Design Professional and Technical Personnel " and the "Interior Decoration & Repairs Management Professional and Technical personnel." However, the filed of questions do not accord with the expectany that people look forward to professional practitioners of interior design. In the process, when people in the academic and the industry sector attempt to upgrade the professional status of interior design for years, it should attach importance to the examination by the representative of the impartiality and professionalism. The research methods of this study will be literature analysis and expert interview . The purpose of this study hopes to reduce the doubtful questions and improves the quality and propriety of the examination, and to establish the license to be professional and credible.
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KAO, CHUNG-MING, and 高忠明. "A Study on the Present Fiber Practice of the Class-B Telecommunication Outside Plant Skill Test." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wnap8r.
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碩士臺北城市科技大學
資訊應用產業碩士專班
106
ABSTRACT This is the age of internet and communication technology, telecommunication is important for daily usage in business, and social network. In order to satisfy the huge requirement of transmission, the transmission cable has been progressed from copper to fiber optic. The engineers and technicians should establish skills and study on structure cabling through network infrastructure installations. To achieve the increasing needs of millions FTTH (Fiber to the Home) subscribers in Taiwan, a corresponding construction standards for telecommunication outside plant skill and qualification of technicians’ testing system are required. According to the Article 5 to 7 on Regulations for Management of Telecommunications Engineering Enterprises from National Communications Commission (NCC) on December 31th 2008, Class A to Class C technicians shall be hired for telecommunications engineering enterprises. The purpose of the classification on telecommunication outside plant skill test is for a quality installation and systematic technician qualification. This skill test on fiber engineering has been performed with the bare fiber optic practice nearly a decade, but the real life engineering is more focus on the fiber optic cables. From the year of 2017, the Telecommunication Outside Plant Skill Test has changed into a fiber optic cable practice. From the history, an introduction to transmission, and category of fiber optic, this thesis dedicates on the comparison present and previous examination methods. To find out the differences on the bare fiber optic and fiber cable practice, this might be helpful for those who are interested in fiber optic and telecommunication engineering.
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Chuang, Yu-Jen, and 莊育荏. "An Analysis of Competitive Advantages for DRAM Assembly and Test Corporation: A Case Study of A and B Corporations." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28466761484120475693.
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碩士國立交通大學
管理學院碩士在職專班工業工程與管理組
97
This study aims to examine the key factors that influence the competitive advantages of DRAM assembly/testing companies. We use a case-study approach by comparing two such companies (anonymously called companies A and B) in Taiwan, where company B is much higher than A in terms of their market value of per capital (i.e., market value per stocker-holders’ equity). We obtained two important findings. First, the two companies performs almost equally well in an economic booming period; while company B greatly outperforms A in a recession period. This difference is mainly due to the low capacity utilization of company A in recession periods. Second, the reason why company B could keep a high capacity utilization in recession periods is due to its main stock-holders’ powerful influence on the demand of DRAM assembly/testing. That is, its main stock-holders, either in its upper stream or down-stream of the DRAM supply chain, could ensure a substantial amount of orders for company B. These findings lead to two implications. First, the two companies are equally well in operational efficiency; that is, paying efforts to enhancing operational efficiency cannot help much. To get a better appraisal on its capital market value, company A may need to change its stock-holder’s structure. Second, under its existing stock-holder’s structure, the scale of company A may be too big to be consistently profitable; that is, its early investment might be too optimistic.
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Kuang, Wang Shien, and 王健光. "A STUDY ON THE ADEQUACY OF TEST SPECIFICATIONS OF CLASS B VEHICLE COATING SKILL QUALIFICATION IN TAIWAN,R.O.C." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v73nm8.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
工業教育學系在職進修碩士班
97
The purpose of this study was to understand the adequacy of the Class B vehicle coating skill qualification of the existent trade in Taiwan. In conclusions, by analysis the expert meeting suggested paper that the authorities concerned refer to the results of this study while designing the specification of the automobile repair coating skill tests for Class B technician. For the purpose, through literature review first, the study provided an overall evaluation of related specifications of skill tests and the current state of the licensing system domestically and abroad. Car painting professionals, experts, and technicians were invited to discuss the adequacy of the automobile repair coating skill current specifications of the skill tests for Class B technician. Through Delphi Technique study analysis the trade expert of the current work content ,analysis the Specification of task, skill standardand trade knowledge. To study the adequacy of Specification item from classification, task and skill standard. From enterprises a viewpoint to comprehend the specification for skill test suitability.
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Wang, Hua-Ching, and 王樺勍. "A Comparison Study of the Appropriateness on Regulations forthe Skill Test of the B Class Technique on Beverages Modulation." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75846631959759847319.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
觀光與餐旅管理研究所
103
Followed by the increasing number of tourists visiting Taiwan from mainland China, Taiwan tourism hospitality service industry has become a trend in the development in domestic industry. The revenue in domestic tourist hotel and restaurant service had also increased year by year; most important, part of the income is from the food and beverages. In the year 2001, in order to enhance our tourism’s soft strength, the government put considerable effort in Technician Certification relative to hospitality and catering. Hoping to enhance the professional skills of beverage brewing employees carried out by the licensing system. However, in 2010, the government repealed the former bartender Class C license exam, replaced it with beverage Class B and Class C license exam modulation, and Class B beverages modulation is an establishment of the new license examinations in 2010. The content of the examination contains, sniff the wine, ingredients, costs and alcohol calculations, which is much difficult but in line of the industry needs, so the relevance content in Beverages Modulation class B is the main focus of this study. In this study, snowball and purposive sampling determine the sample targets in extracting beverage brewing industry executives and experts, a total of 101 samples, and 62 questionnaire surveys from beverage brewing academic experts. To discuss the understanding of the content and approvability in beverages modulation class B license, also to review the current contents of beverage modulation class B license whether the test meets the requirements of the industry. The results of the analysis found among academia and whole industry, more than half of the subjects generally agrees with the content in Beverages Modulation class B, while more than 90 percent of the subjects have a quite understanding with the content. This study results show, regarding the importance of professional ethics, critical skills, material preparation quality, food and health concern and other deduction parts, industry and academics acceptance are a majority, and no significant differences show. But in terms of the attention in skill standards, brewing accuracy, the acceptability among academic are less than half, however, industry are higher than 60%. This drop appeared in the aftermath within the work; shows that academics and industries still have different understanding in the content on Beverages Modulation Class B License Finally, this study presents recommendations for license authorities, industry practices, academics, and to propose possible directions for future research topics. Keywords:Beverages Modulation Class B License, Technician Certification, Professional Certification
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Kerkdijk, Augustijn Johannes [Verfasser]. "Development of a system to test for specifity of B-cell receptors found in granulomatous lesions of Wegeners granulomatosis patients / by A. J. Kerkdijk." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1002765013/34.
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Lu, Kuang-Han, and 盧光漢. "A Study on Yingge Vocational High School Business Information Program Students’ Satisfaction with Learning of Hardware Installation & Maintenance Skill Test Level B." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06727424056244395652.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
工業教育學系在職進修碩士班
102
This study aimed to research the Student satisfaction with learning during preparing for the Hardware Installation & Maintenance Skill Test Level B among the students at Business Information Program, New Taipei City Municipal Yingge Vocational High School, and also to further realize the student satisfaction with learning of the said students with different personal background as variables. This study administered a questionnaire survey targeting exclusively at the students at Grade 3, Business Information Program, YKVS, in 2013-2014 school year, 118 copies of the questionnaire were delivered, 118 completed questionnaires were collected, 118 found as valid, with a collection ratio of 100%. This study made use of statistical methods such as Average, Standard deviation, Percentage, Single Factor ANOVA, Independent sample t-test during conducting the analyses and led to the following conclusions through statistical analysis processes. 1.The overall student satisfaction in learning in each of the aspectsnamely "Course design, Teacher performance, Practice facility, Learning environment, Interpersonal relationship, and Academic accomplishment" found among the students at Business Information Program, YKVS, was found to be at high level. 2.In the aspect of "Course Design" the male students at Business Information Program, YKVS, demonstrated a higher level of satisfaction in learning compared to the female students at the same. 3.In the aspects of "Practice Facility" and "Interpersonal relationship" the students with different perspective plans after graduation demonstrated obvious difference in the level of student satisfaction in learning; however, the results found at Scheffe's Test proved the difference was inadequate for a distinctive judgment. 4.In the aspects of "Course design, Teacher performance, Practice facility, Learning environment, Interpersonal relationship, and Academic accomplishment", the students with intention to sit a skill test for technician certification demonstrated a higher level of student satisfaction in learning than those students without it. 5.There was no specific correlation between the student parents education background and the level of student satisfaction in learning among the students at Business Information Program, YKVS, having sit Hardware Installation & Maintenance Level B Skill Test. 6.There was no specific correlation between the student parents occupation status and the level of student satisfaction in learning among the students at Business Information Program, YKVS, having sit Hardware Installation & Maintenance Level B Skill Test.
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Hsia0, Yu-Lin, and 蕭伃伶. "Practical application of cooperative learning to enhance the vocational skills certification courses of study Cheng Xuesheng Action Research - A computer software application test, for example B." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64049327980247116252.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺中教育大學
課程與教學研究所
99
The research is to explore the learning difficulties of Practical Skills Program students in the pragmatic skill class in vocational high school and develop a action research on applying cooperative learning to Practical Skills Program students. The study of the sun vocational practical skills classes in the third grade class, a total of 49 students, the study process from September 1999 to 100 in January, Period of one semester of action research。 Teaching subjects in this study focused on "computer software application certification program," because the computer software application B is the national certification exam, the highest rate of inspection for the vocational students, so the selected subjects for teaching this course, teaching materials for their own teaching materials, the implementation of cooperative learning practical skills learned in the process. Therefore research purposes: First, to explore the use of cooperative learning practical skills learned in the implementation process and issues Chengxue Sheng; Second, understanding of cooperative learning practical skills used in learning after school Chengxue Sheng; Third, cooperative learning in teaching practical skills learned Cheng Xuesheng reflection and growth. The results of this study: sub-study will examine the process of preparation, study the implementation period, three stages of maturity, showing the origin of the background research, many problems, to overcome the difficult course. The research adopted the anonymous method to gain informed consent from subjects to meet the research ethics. Research results: (a)Finding problems by teaching. Teachers introspect themselves to improve their teaching and made the professional knowledge advanced.(b)The planning and implementing of cooperative learning could promote Practical Skills Program students’ learning motivation.(c) The students in cooperative learning groups depended on each other and they were the core of learning. They have faith in themselves and seek knowledge actively to make better.(d)Teachers could enhance the ability of teaching through the discussing, reflecting and reacting process. Anticipatory contribution: By exploring how cooperative learning integrated into the technician certificate curriculum, finding and solving problems in teaching practicability. The researcher anticipate the high-advantage students could influence the Practical Skills Programstudents and analyze the factors which influence students’ learning motivation. Take the difficulties and needs into consideration and implement cooperative learning to realize the educational ideals such as teaching all comers without discrimination and educational equality. To reach the excellent quality in teaching, the professional vocational training of Practical Skills Program vocational high school students should be promoted.
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Cheng, Long Sheng, and 成龍生. "The Influence of Personal Factors on the Class B Qualification of Motorcycle Repair Skill Field Test – A Case Study on Motorcycle Repair Technicians in Taipei City." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3a4xqa.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
車輛工程系所
95
The purpose of skill field test of certified technicians is to conclude public standards and criteria in accordance with specification of each job。It can also measure the skilled standars of staffs and workers promoting professional quality to encourage civil''s full-employment。So far，the study directions of related skilled test of certifid technicians are mostly base on examanation standards of test specification，reliability，and the value of skilled certificate。 Yet the psychological factors of participants are not included ,and they don''t deeply explore the related degree of operation test''s scores。Thus， this study is based on participants'' behaviors and psychological conditions to explore how they effect the skilled test''s scores。To study through the questionnaire investigation to test the hypotheses。After dealing with the date，we make the conclusion that shows Demand ，Stable emotion，involving in working and experiences doesn''t have obvious influences，on the Class B certified technician''s scores。The phenomenon violate general conditions。We predict that the main reason is because the certified technician''s scores are generally low。
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Wunderer, Cornelia B. [Verfasser]. "Imaging with the test setup for the coded mask INTEGRAL spectrometer SPI : performance of a coded aperture γ-ray telescope at 60 keV - 8 MeV / Cornelia B. Wunderer." 2003. http://d-nb.info/967128390/34.
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Doosi, Michelle. "An investigation into the attitudes, opinions, and feelings of psychometric test administrators toward the Apil B as a culture fair assessment with special reference to the Employment Equity Act." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5450.
Full textAbstract:
This research is an investigation into the Apil B as a culture fair assessment tool for the purpose of
recruitment and selection. The Employment Equity Act stipulates that "psychological testing and
other similar assessments are prohibited unless the test or assessment being used :-a) has been shown
to be valid and reliable b) can be fairly applied to all employees and c) is not biased against any
employee" (Employment Equity Act, 1998). The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the
Apil B with regard to validity. reliability, cultural fairness, and bias via a consideration of the
attitudes, opinions, and feelings of psychometric test administrators in the Kwa-Zulu Natal region.
The secondary objective is to ascertain whether the Employment Equity legislation has influenced the
attitudes of test administrators toward psychometric testing, and the implications for psychometric
testing in South Africa following the Act.
The sample in this research consists of 20 qualified test administrators of the Apil B. The
administrators are affiliated with the following companies : Beacon, Durban Electricity, Profiled
Appointments, Mondi, McCann and Associates, Saunders and Associates, Tetrapak, lthaJa, and
Mangosuthu Technikon.
Qualitative and quantitative methods are used. A self-administered questionnaire is used to
investigate the attitudes, opinions, and feelings of the respondents toward the Apil B as a culture fair
assessment, specifically in relation to validity, reliability, cultural fairness, and bias. Although most
of the questions are qualitative, quantitative questions are also included. Therefore, this research
requires numerical data as well . The quantitative questions include yes and no responses, as well as
rating scales. The quantitative data supplements the qualitative data and therefore facilitates a more
concrete data base.
The results indicate that all respondents feel that the Apil B is valid, reliable, culture fair and fairly
applied . Respondents feel more positively toward the new updated psychometric tests. They
expressed greater confidence in terms of knowing which tests are inappropriate and which tests are
relevant to specific jobs. It is also evident that the Employment Equity Act has strongly influenced the attitudes of respondents,
in a very positive light, toward the use of psychometric testing. The respondents do however mention
some concerns with regard to language based tests, and the ethical use of tests.
According to the research conducted, the Apil B is regarded as a valid, reliable, and culture fair
assessment tool in the opinion of the respondents utilised in this study. It is therefore recommended
that the Apil B is used in organisations as a test that does not discriminate against any culture or
subculture.Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2000.
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Ramaswamy, Shankaran. "Colour Vision Test for Railway Dispatchers." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4352.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction
Colour codes are used extensively in railways to convey specific information governing movement of trains and equipment on the track. One such task is the railway traffic control display that uses colour coded video display terminals (VDTs) to convey information of the signal status, train movements and track status to the railway dispatcher. Because individuals with colour vision deficiencies (colour-defectives) may have problems with these colour-related tasks, questions were raised about the suitability of colour vision defectives to work as railway dispatchers. In order to answer that, a VDT based Dispatch Colour Vision Test based on the actual railway traffic display was developed previously.
Purpose
The main purpose of this thesis is to establish the pass/fail scores and repeatability of the VDT based Dispatch Colour Vision Test that resulted from the previous work. Secondly, the study will also examine whether clinical colour vision tests can predict the performance on the practical task.
Methods
The Dispatch colour vision test was divided into three parts based on the colour sets that the dispatcher had to recognize. The testing computer system used the the same RGB colour settings, graphics card and monitor as in railway dispatch centres. Subjects viewed the display colours and entered their responses by using a mouse. One hundred colour-normals and fifty two colour-defectives participated in the initial session. The test was repeated approximately after 10 days. Ninety three colour-normals (93%) and 44 (85%) colour-defectives participated in the second session. The total number of errors and time to complete the test was recorded.
Results
Pass/Fail on the VDT Dispatch colour vision test was based on colour-normal errors. Ignoring orange-red errors, two errors were allowed in the first session and one error was allowed in the second session. Based on this criterion, 42% of colour vision defectives could perform as well as colour normal subjects. The kappa coefficient of agreement between the sessions for the colour-defectives was 0.85.
Detailed analysis between the colour differences and the errors showed only a weak correlation between the two. However, the general trend was that colour-defectives made more errors on colours that were near or along the same lines of confusions and the colours were nearly equal in luminance. Nevertheless, the interaction between luminance and location with respect to the lines of confusion was not easy to interpret.
The time to complete the task for the colour-defectives who passed the test took 14% longer than colour-normals and colour-defectives who failed took 30% longer than colour-normals. All groups showed a similar learning effect with an 18% reduction in mean times to complete the task at the second session. There was no significant correlation between the number of errors and time to complete or the clinical tests and completion times for any of the groups.
Clinical colour vision tests have limited value in predicting performance of colour-defectives on the Dispatch test. Logistic analysis results showed that the Farnsworth D-15 along with the Nagel was the best predictor of the VDT Dispatch colour test pass/fail results. However, these results were similar to using the Farnsworth D-15 test alone. Ninety-five percent of the individuals who failed the Farnsworth D-15 also failed the Dispatch test. However, approximately 25% of the individuals who passed the Farnsworth D-15 failed the VDT Dispatch colour test which is an unacceptable false negative rate. These results indicate the Farnsworth D-15 can only be used to predict who is likely to fail the dispatch test.
Conclusions
Forty two percent of colour vision defectives could perform as well as colour-normals in identifying VDT railway display colours and time to complete the task. Clinical colour vision tests were inadequate predictors of performance in practical task, overall. However, the Farnsworth D-15 was a very good predictor of who would fail the VDT Dispatch test. Hence a practical VDT Dispatch test may be needed to test individuals who would want to work as railway dispatchers.
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Fassauer, Roland. "Personalisierung im E-Commerce – zur Wirkung von E-Mail-Personalisierung auf ausgewählte ökonomische Kennzahlen des Konsumentenverhaltens: Personalisierung im E-Commerce – zur Wirkung von E-Mail-Personalisierung auf ausgewählte ökonomische Kennzahlen des Konsumentenverhaltens." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14728.
Full textAbstract:
Personalisierung ist ein wichtiger Bereich des Internet Marketings, zu dem es wenige experimentelle Untersuchungen mit großen Teilnehmerzahlen gibt. Für den erfolgreichen Einsatz von Empfehlungsverfahren sind umfangreiche Daten über das Käuferverhalten erforderlich.
Diesen Problemstellungen nimmt sich die vorliegende Arbeit an. In ihr wird das Shop-übergreifende individuelle Käuferverhalten von bis zu 126.000 Newsletter-Empfängern eines deutschen Online-Bonussystems sowohl mittels ausgewählter Data-Mining-Methoden als auch experimentell untersucht.
Dafür werden Prototypen eines Data-Mining-Systems, einer A/B-Test-Software-Komponente und einer Empfehlungssystem-Komponente entwickelt und im Rahmen des Data Minings und durch Online-Feldexperimente evaluiert.
Dabei kann für die genannte Nutzergruppe in einem Experiment bereits mit einem einfachen Empfehlungsverfahren gezeigt werden, dass zum einen die Shop-übergreifenden individuellen Verhaltensdaten des Online-Bonus-Systems für die Erzeugung von Empfehlungen geeignet sind, und zum anderen, dass die dadurch erzeugten Empfehlungen zu signifikant mehr Bestellungen als bei der besten Empfehlung auf Basis durchschnittlichen Käuferverhaltens führten.
In weiteren Experimenten im Rahmen der Evaluierung der A/B-Test-Komponente konnte gezeigt werden, dass absolute Rabattangebote nur dann zu signifikant mehr Bestellungen führten als relative Rabatt-Angebote, wenn sie mit einer Handlungsaufforderung verbunden waren.
Die Arbeit ordnet sich damit in die Forschung zur Beeinflussung des Käuferverhaltens durch Personalisierung und durch unterschiedliche Rabatt-Darstellungen ein und trägt die genannten Ergebnisse und Artefakte bei.:1 Inhalt
1 Einleitung 1
1.1 Stand der Forschung 3
1.2 Forschungsbedarf 6
1.3 Forschungskonzept 8
1.4 Verwendete Methoden 11
1.5 Aufbau der Arbeit 11
2 Theoretische und konzeptionelle Grundlagen 13
2.1 Internethandel, E-Commerce und E-Business 13
2.2 Marketing, Konsumenten- und Käuferverhalten 16
2.2.1 Käuferverhalten bei Rabatt-Angeboten 20
2.3 Internet Marketing 21
2.3.1 Erfolgskontrolle im Internet Marketing 24
2.3.2 Ausgewählte Disziplinen des Internet Marketings 27
2.3.2.1 Affiliate Marketing 28
2.3.2.2 Online-Cashback-Systeme 35
2.3.2.3 E-Mail-Marketing 38
2.4 Personalisierung im Internet Marketing 56
2.4.1 Empfehlungssysteme 59
2.4.2 Bewertung von Empfehlungssystemen 59
2.4.3 Architektur von Empfehlungssystemen 60
2.4.4 Empfehlungssystem-Kategorien 62
2.4.4.1 Hybride Empfehlungssysteme 67
2.4.5 Techniken für Empfehlungsverfahren 69
2.5 Wissensaufbereitung und -entdeckung 89
2.5.1 Datenerhebungsverfahren 89
2.5.1.1 Datenqualität 91
2.5.1.2 Datensicherheit und Datenschutz 92
2.5.2 Knowledge Discovery und Data Mining 94
2.5.2.1 Der Data-Mining-Prozess 96
2.5.2.2 Data-Mining-Problemtypen 98
2.5.2.3 Das Data-Mining-System 100
2.5.3 Das Experiment als Erhebungsdesign 106
2.5.3.1 Anforderungen und Gütekriterien 111
2.5.3.2 Online-Feldexperimente im Marketing 117
2.5.3.3 Auswertungsverfahren 120
2.5.3.4 Theoretische Grundlagen des A/B-Testverfahrens 121
3 Vorgehen 126
3.1 Forschungsdesign 126
3.1.1.1 Ziele und Anforderungen der Andasa GmbH 128
3.1.1.2 Ziele und Anforderungen des Instituts für Angewandte Informatik 129
3.1.2 Design des Informationssystems 130
3.1.2.1 Der Designprozess 131
3.1.3 Konzeption des Software-Systems 133
3.1.4 Evaluation 134
3.2 Datenanalyse 135
3.2.1 Datenbeschaffung 135
3.2.2 Datenaufbereitung 136
3.2.3 Auswahl geeigneter Data-Mining-Methoden 137
3.2.3.1 Auswahl-Kriterien 137
3.2.3.2 Methodenauswahl 140
3.2.4 Erläuterung ausgewählter Data-Mining-Methoden 156
3.2.4.1 Bayes’sche Netze 156
3.2.4.2 Clustering 158
3.2.4.3 Diskriminanzanalyse 158
3.2.4.4 Korrelationsanalyse 159
3.2.4.5 Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) 159
3.2.5 Auswahl geeigneter Data-Mining-Werkzeuge 165
3.2.5.1 Auswahlprozess 165
3.2.5.2 Kriterien 166
3.2.5.3 Werkzeuge zur statistischen Analyse und Visualisierung 168
3.2.5.4 Werkzeuge für Clustering und Diskriminanzanalyse 168
3.2.5.5 Werkzeuge für Online Analytical Processing 169
3.2.5.6 Werkzeuge für Bayes’sche Netze 169
3.3 Untersuchungsdesign 171
3.3.1 Online-Marketing-Instrumente bei Andasa 172
3.3.2 Stimulus-Auswahl 174
3.3.3 Entwurf des Experimentaldesigns 175
4 Umsetzung 180
4.1 Architektur und prototypische Implementation 180
4.1.1 Das Data-Mining-System 180
4.1.2 Der ETL-Prozess 181
4.1.2.1 Datenerhebung 183
4.1.2.2 Datenbereinigung 184
4.1.3 Die A/B-Testumgebung 185
4.1.4 Das Empfehlungssystem 189
4.1.5 Usability-Evaluation 196
4.2 Data Mining 199
4.2.1 Statistische Analyse 200
4.2.2 Anwendung ausgewählter Data-Mining-Methoden 206
4.2.2.1 Clustering 208
4.2.2.2 Klassifikation 213
4.2.2.3 Modellierung als Bayes’sche Netze 214
4.2.3 Ergebnisse und Evaluation 221
4.3 Feldexperimente mit Newslettern 222
4.3.1 Eckdaten der Tests 223
4.3.2 Beispiel-Experimente 224
4.3.3 A/B-Tests Rabattdarstellungen 226
4.3.3.1 Öffnungsrate Prozente vs. Euro 226
4.3.3.2 Klickrate Prozente vs. Euro 227
4.3.3.3 Conversion-Rate Prozente vs. Euro 229
4.3.4 A/B-Test zur Personalisierung 230
4.3.4.1 Auswahl des Empfehlungsverfahrens 230
4.3.4.2 Definition der Kontrollgruppe 231
4.3.4.3 Operative Durchführung 231
4.3.4.4 Auswertung 232
4.3.5 Ergebnisse und Evaluation 236
5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 239
6 Anhang 243
6.1 Anhang A Usability-Evaluation 243
6.1.1 Methoden der Usability-Evaluierung 246
6.1.1.1 Usability-Tests und lautes Denken 246
6.1.1.2 Benutzerbefragung 248
6.1.1.3 Feldstudien und Partizipation 250
6.1.1.4 Expertenorientierte (Inspektions-)Methoden 251
6.1.1.5 Formal-analytische Verfahren 252
6.1.1.6 Quantitative Fragebogen 252
6.1.1.7 Verfahrensmodell 259
6.1.1.8 Auswertung 262
6.1.2 Fragebögen 263
6.2 Anhang B Zeitreihenanalyse 281
6.2.1 Klassische Komponentenmodelle 281
6.2.2 Stochastische Prozesse 282
6.2.3 Fourier-Analyse-Methoden (Spektralanalyse) 283
6.3 Anhang C Daten und Programme 286
6.3.1 Technische Daten 286
6.3.1.1 Data Warehouse / Data Mining Server 286
6.3.2 Programm- und Skriptcodes 287
6.3.2.1 R- Skripte 287
6.3.2.2 SQL – Skripte 296
6.3.2.3 C# Code MostRecentLinkInvocationsShopRecommender.cs 314
6.3.3 Daten A/B-Tests 317
6.3.3.1 Übersicht Newsletter 317
6.3.3.2 Mengengerüst Aussendungen 319
6.3.3.3 Shopaufrufe und Besteller 319
6.3.3.4 Darstellungen der Newsletter-Varianten 320
6.3.4 Daten Personalisierung 335
6.4 Abbildungsverzeichnis 338
6.5 Tabellenverzeichnis 343
6.6 Literaturverzeichnis 346