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Academic literature on the topic 'A consortium of legumes with grasses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "A consortium of legumes with grasses"

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Tambara, Antonio Augusto Cortiana, Micheli Regiani Sippert, Gilberto Cardoso Jauris, Jorge Luís Carvalho Flores, Éderson Luis Henz, and João Pedro Velho. "Production and chemical composition of grasses and legumes cultivated in pure form, mixed or in consortium." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 39, no. 3 (July 14, 2017): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v39i3.34661.

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Toledo‑Souza, Eliane Divina de, Pedro Marques da Silveira, Adalberto Corrêa Café‑Filho, and Murillo Lobo Junior. "Fusarium wilt incidence and common bean yield according to the preceding crop and the soil tillage system." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 47, no. 8 (August 2012): 1031–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2012000800002.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of preceding crops and tillage systems on the incidence of Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) yield. The cultivar BRS Valente was cultivated under center‑pivot irrigation in the winter seasons of 2003, 2004 and 2005, after several preceding crops established in the summer seasons. Preceding crops included the legumes Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea), Stylosanthes guianensis, and Crotalaria spectabilis; the grasses Pennisetum glaucum (millet), Sorghum bicolor (forage sorghum), Panicum maximum, and Urochloa brizantha; and a consortium of maize (Zea mays) and U. brizantha (Santa Fé system). Experiments followed a strip‑plot design, with four replicates. Fusarium wilt incidence was higher in the no‑tillage system. Higher disease incidences corresponded to lower bean yields in 2003 and 2004. Previous summer cropping with U. brizantha, U. brizantha + maize consortium, and millet showed the lowest disease incidence. Therefore, the choice of preceding crops must be taken into account for managing Fusarium wilt on irrigated common bean crops in the Brazilian Cerrado.
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Girardello, Rudinei, Danni Maisa da Silva, Divanilde Guerra, Mastrângello Enívar Lanzanova, and Eduardo Lorensi de Souza. "Produção de alface sob plantio direto em sistema de transição agroecológica." Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 12, no. 2 (June 17, 2017): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v12i2.4827.

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<p>Sistemas de produção em transição agroecológica, especialmente em propriedades agrícolas familiares, podem ser considerados como um importante passo para o alcance de um novo modelo de desenvolvimento baseado na Agroecologia. Nesta perspectiva, é de fundamental importância o uso de práticas de manejo ecologicamente adequadas que visem à conservação do solo e dos recursos naturais. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a influência da prática da adubação verde e a produção de massa verde de leguminosas e gramíneas, bem como de seus consórcios em sistema de plantio direto na produção de massa fresca e na altura da cultura da alface (<em>Lactuca sativa</em>) em sistema de transição agroecológico, em uma propriedade rural familiar, no município de Alpestre no Rio Grande do Sul. Os tratamentos foram compostos pelo cultivo de leguminosas e gramíneas em solteiro e consórcio para uso como adubação verde, sendo testada aveia preta (<em>Avena strigosa</em>), ervilhaca comum (<em>Vicia sativa</em>), tremoço branco (<em>Lupinus albus</em>), consórcio aveia preta + ervilhaca comum, consórcio aveia preta + tremoço branco e testemunha (pousio). Como resultados, em relação à produção de massa verde todas as espécies de adubação verde estudadas foram superiores em relação à testemunha (pousio). A maior produção de massa fresca da cultura da alface em plantio direto ocorreu sobre o consórcio aveia preta + ervilhaca, em relação à testemunha. A maior altura das plantas de alface foi obtida nos tratamentos ervilhaca comum, aveia preta + ervilhaca e aveia preta + tremoço branco, em relação à testemunha. Portanto, o uso de plantas de adubação verde contribuem para a produção de massa fresca e altura da cultura da alface em sistema de transição agroecológica.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Lettuce production under plantation direct in agroecological transition system</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><pre><strong>Abstract: </strong>Agroecological transition production systems, especially on family farms, can be considered as an important step towards the achievement of a new development model based on Agroecology. In this perspective, it is of fundamental importance the use of ecologically appropriate management practices that aim at the conservation of soil and natural resources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the practice of green manuring and of green mass production of legumes and grasses, as well as their consortia in no-tillage system in fresh mass production and at the time of lettuce cultivation (Lactuca sativa) in an agroecological transition system in a family farm in the municipality of Alpestre in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). The treatments were composed by the cultivation of legumes and grasses in single and consortium for use as green manure, being tested black oats (Avena strigosa), common vetch (Vicia sativa), white lupine (Lupinus albus), black oat consortium + common vetch, consortium oats black + white lupine and control (fallow). As results, in relation to the production of green mass, all species of green manure studied were superior to the control (fallow). The highest fresh mass production of lettuce under no-tillage occurred on the black oat + vetch consortium in relation to the control. The highest height of the lettuce plants was obtained in the treatments common vetch, black oat + vetch and black oat + white lupine, in relation to the control. Therefore, the use of green manuring plants contribute to the production of fresh mass and height of the lettuce crop under no-tillage system.</pre>
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Ruh, Kathryn E., Bradley J. Heins, Isaac J. Salfer, Robert D. Gardner, and Marshall D. Stern. "Comparison of warm season and cool season forages for dairy grazing systems in continuous culture1." Translational Animal Science 2, no. 2 (April 2018): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txy014.

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AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare warm-season annual grasses to cool-season perennial (CSP) grasses for ruminal nutrient digestibility and N metabolism in a dual-flow continuous culture fermentation system. Dietary treatments were 1) fresh alfalfa, 2) CSP grasses and legumes, 3) brown-midrib sorghum-sudangrass (BMRSS), and 4) teff grass from an organic dairy production system. Eight dual-flow continuous culture fermenters were used during two consecutive 10-d periods consisting of 7 d for stabilization followed by 3 d of sampling. Fermenter samples were collected on days 8, 9, and 10 for analysis of pH, NH3-N, and VFA. Apparent DM, OM, NDF, and ADF digestibility were on average lesser (P &lt; 0.05) in CSP grasses and legumes and warm-season annual grasses compared with alfalfa. True DM and OM digestibility were lesser (P &lt; 0.05) for CSP grasses and legumes and warm-season annual grasses compared with fresh alfalfa. Total VFA were not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by forage. The NH3-N concentrations were highest (P &lt; 0.05) with alfalfa compared with the other CSP grasses and legumes and warm-season annual grasses. CP digestibility was not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by forage treatment. Flow of NH3-N was greatest (P &lt; 0.05) for alfalfa, reflecting the greatest NH3-N concentration. Flow of total N was greatest (P &lt; 0.05) for alfalfa, intermediate for teff, and lowest for CSP grasses and legumes and BMRSS. Flows of bacterial N, efficiency of bacterial N, non-NH3-N, and dietary N were not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by forage source. Overall, fermentation of warm-season grasses was similar to the cool-season grasses and legumes which indicate dairy producers may use warm-season grasses without concerns about negative impact on rumen health.
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Detmann, Edenio, Marcia de Oliveira Franco, Daiany Íris Gomes, Marcília Medrado Barbosa, and Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho. "Protein contamination on Klason lignin contents in tropical grasses and legumes." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 49, no. 12 (December 2014): 994–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2014001200010.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the extent of protein contamination on Klason lignin (KL) in tropical grasses and legumes, and to propose an equation to estimate the protein-free content of Klason lignin (KLp). Five grass (30 samples) and 12 legume species (31 samples) were evaluated. Legumes had higher KL contents. Protein contamination was significant in both grasses and legumes, but greater in legume samples. The model to predict KLp was based on KL and crude protein (CP) contents, as follows: KLp = 0.8807KL - 0.0938KL x D - 0.00338CP (R2=0.935), in which D=0, for grasses, and D=1 for legumes.
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Lopez, S., M. D. Carro, J. S. Gonzalez, and F. J. Ovejero. "Rumen degradation of the main forage species harvested from permanent mountain meadows in North-western Spain." Journal of Agricultural Science 117, no. 3 (December 1991): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600067113.

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SUMMARYHerbage samples were collected in late June, and again in early September (1987) from permanent mountain meadows situated in North-western Spain (León). Botanical composition was determined by grouping the species into grasses, legumes and herbaceous ‘weeds’. Rumen degradability of the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) of the botanical groups in each harvest season was determined by the nylon-bag technique.Grasses and legumes differed in their degradation characteristics, and the comparisons between forage species were different for the two harvest seasons. There were no significant differences between September grasses, June legumes and September legumes in the potential degradabilities of the DM (86·9, 87·1 and 88·4%) and CP (94·2, 92·4 and 93·8%). The NDF of grasses harvested in September was degraded to a greater extent (80·6%) than that of legumes from both harvests (70·9 and 73·6% in June and September respectively). However, June grasses showed significantly lower potential degradabilities for the DM (77·0 %), CP (84·3%) and cell wall (65·9%). Legumes were degraded at a faster rate than grasses (mean DM degradation rates of 0·143 and 0·057 respectively), and lag times were longer for grasses (4·7 h) than for legumes (2·5 h). Rumen degradation characteristics of the herbaceous ‘weeds’ were estimated, but it should be remembered that many other factors may limit their utilization by ruminants.It was concluded that the major constraint to the nutritive value of these permanent swards would be the maturity of the grasses harvested in June, which markedly reduced the rumen degradability of the forages.
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Uzbek, I. Kh. "Some properties of man-made Dnieper Steppe ecosystems." Fundamental and Applied Soil Science 16, no. 3-4 (October 8, 2015): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/041518.

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Physico-chemical and hydrogeological properties of technogenic ecotope landscapes are unique in the world. Their development has created a new, completely unexplored problem of recultivation of disturbed lands. The ecological and biological evaluation of ecotypes is the leading place because it is the basis of targeted restoration of fertility of such anthropogenic tumors. As tests for the development of waste quarry sectors in the long-term stationary trials there were tested 23 species of higher plants. In the steppe of Ukraine the greatest ecological and biological according to technogenic ecotopes showed alfalfa and sainfoin. They are plant-dominants, accumulate large quantities of biomass, creating pockets of concentrations of elements in soil fertility, improve the sanitary conditions of the surrounding area. The nature translocational process in higher plants was identified. It completely depends on their biological features and is the creation of their root systems with the same structure and therefore their distribution in the thickness of elafotopos who are able to provide plants with nutrients and to produce the maximum possible efficiency in data soil-ecological conditions. Alfalfa and sainfoin showed great ecological plasticity of root systems. On the poverty of ecotopes batteries they reacted by increasing the surface and length of roots. It is established that the saturation of ecotopes roots is directly proportional to their mass, and the surface root system and its length are values associated with root mass. With the depth of the absorbing working surface root systems increases. The mathematical model of calculation of the ecological and biological characteristics of root systems of plants and progressive framework method of selection of soil monoliths with roots. After washing, the roots are reported to air-dry state and are distributed through the thickness of 4 factions: more than 5 mm, 5–1, 1–0,5 and less than 0.5 mm. This allows you to get an idea about the structure of the root system and its distribution in the thickness of ecotopes, as well as to determine the portion of the roots through which the greatest absorption of water and food items. The features of the development of the underground part of plants that is the basis for the development of practical methods of influence on ecotopia. For example, alfalfa is useful for sodding slope plots dump pits or eroded fields, and sainfoin – to create water-stable structural units. It is shown that the qualitative indicators of ecotopes strictly determine the morphology and aboveground and underground parts, as well as the number and weight of nodules in legumes. In the thickness of ecotopes man-made landscapes is the basis for the creation of primary consorting relations are root systems of perennial leguminous grasses. They determine the structure of microbial cenosis and regulate the number of microorganisms. Adaptation of perennial legumes and soil microorganisms to the variability of environmental conditions in the deep ecotypes reflects their close interaction with the factors of this unique environment. Overburden, the unconsolidated rocks have a high stimulatory effect on the development of microorganisms. In 10–15 years after the removal of the "day" the surface sets up a pool of microorganisms and is manifested microbiological profile, the pattern of which reflects the diversity of ecotopia. There was determined the intensity of decomposition of roots in a layer of technogenic ecotopes landscapes. It falls in the direction from the zonal soil to gray-green clay. For the year transformed to 80 % of the roots of alfalfa and to 66 % in winter wheat. First of all the thin roots of the legumes were destroyed in the spring. It was shown increased sidorovskaya role of kulturpflanzen, especially species of alfalfa and sainfoin. They are plant-dominants and create pockets of concentration of the soil platoro-Diya. Soil formation begins with the surface, gradually spreading to the lower layers of ecotopes.
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Castro-Montoya, J. M., K. Goetz, and U. Dickhoefer. "In vitro fermentation characteristics of tropical legumes and grasses of good and poor nutritional quality and the degradability of their neutral detergent fibre." Animal Production Science 61, no. 7 (2021): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an20136.

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Context Tropical legumes are commonly assumed to share all positive attributes known from temperate legumes such as lucerne. However, increasing evidence exists on the differences between those forages, particularly in terms of their ruminal degradability. Aims Exploring the 24-h rumen in vitro-fermentation characteristics of tropical legumes, their direct comparison with lucerne, and their interactions with grasses depending on their nutritional quality. Methods Arachis and stylosanthes (tropical legumes), pennisetum and andropogon (tropical grasses), and lucerne (lucerne_21 and lucerne_35, harvested 21 and 35 days after emergence respectively) were used for the study. On the basis of the nitrogen and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) concentration, arachis and pennisetum were classified as of good quality, while stylosanthes and andropogon as of poor quality. The following four incubation series were performed: first, forages alone were incubated under iso-nitrogenous conditions; second, forages were incubated under iso-nitrogenous conditions with supplemented starch; third, NDF extract of each forage was incubated alone; fourth, NDF extract of tropical grasses and legumes was incubated combined in grass:legume proportions of 33:67 and 67:33. Key results When incubated alone, gas production (GP) and total short chain fatty acids were higher for temperate legumes, intermediate for tropical legumes and lowest for tropical grasses. Similar trends were observed for GP when the forages were incubated with starch, but the differences between arachis and lucerne_35 disappeared; short chain fatty acids did not differ among all tropical forages. Moreover, acetate:propionate ratio was highest for tropical legumes, intermediate for temperate legumes, and lowest for tropical grasses. Gas production of NDF extracts was highest for the lucerne samples and lowest for the tropical legumes. Improvements in GP were found when the NDF from the poor-quality grass (andropogon) was combined with the legumes, particularly the good-quality legume (arachis). Conclusions On the basis of the gas production, tropical legumes appear to have lower degradability than do temperate ones, while also showing a different fermentation pattern. Fibre of tropical legumes is less degradable than that of tropical grasses, but when combining both fibre sources, there seems to be a synergistic effect on degradability. Implications The current results give important insights on the fermentation characteristics of tropical legumes, helping better understand their role in ruminants’ nutrition, while giving inputs towards improving their utilisation.
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Hassan, Carrillo, and Nielsen. "Drought Impacts on Grassland Productivity: The Role of Plant-Soil Feedbacks." Proceedings 36, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019036072.

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Drought influences pasture productivity with potentially severe impacts on livestock. However, not all plant species are impacted equally indicating that plant community composition can be managed to improve resistance to drought. We conducted a plant-soil feedback (PSF) experiment to assess impacts of drought at the species and community level. We grew twelve plant species representing C3 and C4 grasses, forbs and legumes in monocultures and in 4-species mixtures (one from each functional group) in soils with a legacy of ambient or drought (5 years) conditions for two generations. We measured plant biomass in the second generation to calculate PSF. Species with positive PSF under drought are likely to be more resistant to drought than those with negative PSF. Under ambient rainfall PSFs were generally negative for C3 grasses, positive for C4, forbs and legumes. Drought promoted negative PSFs in C3 grasses and forbs, but positive PSFs were observed in C4 grasses and legumes. These results indicate that C3 grasses and forbs are likely to be sensitive to drought while C4 grasses and legumes will be less negatively impacted by drought due to changes in PSFs. PSFs at the community level were positive at the community level under ambient but shifted towards neutral under drought indicating that drought may destabilize plant communities. Our results indicate that presence of C4 grasses and legumes may reduce drought impacts providing a tool for future pasture management for healthy livestock production in Australian rangeland.
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Braschkat, J., and P. J. Randall. "Excess cation concentrations in shoots and roots of pasture species of importance in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 9 (2004): 883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea02078.

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Excess cation concentrations (total cations – total inorganic anions) are reported for roots and shoots of 16 plant species of importance in pastures in south-eastern Australia. This information is required for the calculation of acidification in grazed pasture systems. The excess cation concentrations for shoots at flowering were [cmol(+)/kg]: perennial grasses — Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) 50, Phalaris aquatic (phalaris) 51, Danthonia richardsonii (wallaby grass) 30, Dactylus glomerata (cocksfoot) 62, Holcus lanatus (Fog grass) 60; annual grasses — Lolium rigidum 29, Vulpia bromoides (vulpia) 40, Hordeum leporinum (barley grass) 46, Bromus mollis (soft brome) 59; perennial legumes — Medicago sativa (lucerne) 115, Trifolium repens (white clover) 147; annual legumes — Trifolium subterraneum (subterranean clover) 142, Medicago truncatula (barrel medic) 114, Ornithopus sativus (serradella) 137; weeds — Arctotheca calendula (cape weed) 165, Echium plantagineum (Paterson’s curse) 169. Values for roots were in the same order as shoots in vulpia and wallaby grass but lower for the other species, varying between 26 and 62% of the shoot value in grasses and 29 and 49% in legumes. For a subset of 4 legumes and 3 grasses, the excess cation concentrations in shoots were measured over the main production period in spring. Excess cation concentrations generally declined during the season, with the change being relatively larger in grasses than legumes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "A consortium of legumes with grasses"

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Rodrigues, Caroline Moreira. "Características morfogênicas e estruturais de trevo-persa (Trifolium resupinatum L.) em consórcio com azevém (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) submetidos a distintas alturas e intervalos de corte." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2010. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2640.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:38:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Caroline_Moreira_ Rodrigues.pdf: 942864 bytes, checksum: 8281e84c8318c352dab069ed9fc6abee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-31
The aim of this study was to evaluate morphogenesis, structural and forage production of persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) intercropped with ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam) in the field, subjected to different heights and cutting intervals. The experiment was conducted during 2009 in the area ceded by Embrapa Clima Temperado in Capão do Leão, RS. Sowing was done by throwing in plots of 8 m2, with a density of 10 kg ha-1 of persian clover and 15 kg ha-1 of ryegrass. The design was randomized complete block design in a 3x3 factorial design with five replicates, totaling 45 experimental units. We used three cutting height, 4 cm, 8 cm and 12 cm and three cutting intervals, corresponding to the accumulation of heat 320, 420 and 520 GD. Technique was used in the branches / tillers marked and made ratings weekly in clover on count the number of leaves (open living, senescent, dead, emerged), number of nodes, plant height and length of branching, and in ryegrass on count the number of leaves (fully expanded, growing, senescent fully expanded, growing senescent dead), plant height and length of the tiller. On the occasion of the cuts was made that production of dry matter and botanical separation. The rate of leaf appearance (TAF) of Persian clover is modified by the interval (GD) and cutting height. Intervals of 320 and 420 GD have higher rates of leaf appearance (TAF) of Persian clover. The cutting height does not change the TAF of ryegrass. The range of GD 320 has a better TAF of ryegrass. In the cutting of 420 GD-Persian clover has a higher number of green leaves open fewer dead leaves, branches of greater length, greater number of nodes and greater forage production, and the recommended range for management by producers. The highest yield of intercropping forage ryegrass and Persian clover is obtained with GD 520 but with a high ratio stem / leaf.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar características morfogênicas, estruturais e produção de forragem do trevo-persa (Trifolium resupinatum L.) consorciado com azevém (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) a campo, submetidos a diferentes alturas e intervalos de cortes. O experimento foi conduzido no ano de 2009, em área cedida da EMBRAPA Clima Temperado Estação Terras Baixas, no município de Capão do Leão, RS. A semeadura foi feita a lanço, em parcelas de 8 m2, com densidade de 10 kg.ha-1 de trevo-persa e 15 kg.ha-1 de azevém. O delineamento utilizado foi blocos completos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 3x3, com cinco repetições, totalizando 45 unidades experimentais. Foram utilizadas três alturas de corte, 4 cm, 8 cm e 12 cm e três intervalos de corte, correspondentes ao acúmulo térmico de 320, 420 e 520 GD. Foi utilizada a técnica das ramificações/perfilhos marcados e feitas avaliações semanais no trevo quanto ao número de folhas (vivas abertas, senescentes, mortas, surgidas), número de nós, altura de planta e comprimento de ramificação; e no azevém quanto ao número de folhas (completamente expandidas, em expansão, completamente expandidas senescentes, em expansão senescente, mortas), altura de planta e comprimento de perfilho. Na ocasião dos cortes, foi feita verificação da produção de matéria seca e separação botânica. A taxa de aparecimento de folhas (TAF) do trevo-persa é modificada pelo intervalo (GD) e altura de corte. Intervalos de 320 e 420 GD apresentam melhor taxa de aparecimento de folhas (TAF) do trevo-persa. A altura de corte não altera a TAF do azevém. O intervalo de 320 GD apresenta melhor TAF do azevém. No intervalo de corte de 420 GD o trevo-persa apresenta maior número de folhas vivas abertas, menor número de folhas mortas, maior comprimento de ramos, maior número de nós e maior produção de forragem, sendo o intervalo recomendado para o manejo pelos produtores. A maior produção de forragem da consorciação azevém e trevo-persa é obtida com 520 GD mas com alta relação caule/folha.
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Fourie, J. C. "The evaluation and management of different grasses and legumes as potential cover crops in the vineyards of South Africa." Thesis, Link to online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/387.

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Boloko, Mahlodi Solomon. "The influence of forage legumes on annual fodder grasses in different intercropping systems in the Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/884.

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Thesis (M.Sc. (Agricultural Management)) --University of Limpopo, 2004
Identification of annual grass/legume intercropping or mixtures with superior nutrient traits and Dry matter (DM) production is critical to increasing productivity of the crop and animal production among small-scale farmers in the Limpopo Province. Three similar field experiments were established at different locations in the Province to determine the significance of the contribution of annual summer legumes, and cutting treatments on the nutritive value and dry matter accumulation of the popular forage sorghum (Sorghum spp) and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) intercropped with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and dolichos (Lablab purpureus). The cropping systems evaluated were sole sorghum, sole pearl millet, sorghum + cowpea, sorghum + dolichos, pearl millet + cowpea and pearl millet + dolichos. The treatments sole sorghum and pearl millet significantly (P<0.05) outperformed the other treatments in terms of DM production at most cutting stages. The remaining four treatments though, inferior in DM in this study, yielded better than the average yield on farmers' fields in the Province. Higher protein content was obtained in mixtures than in sole cropping, and generally there was lower protein production and content at matured stages (CT3) in the study. The other chemical composition analyzed in the study was not significant for both mixtures and sole cultures.
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Hamel, Chantal. "Mycorrhizal effects on 15N-transfer from legume to grass intercrops, plant growth and interspecific competition." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74601.

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N-transfer from legume to grass when the two were intercropped in the field and the mechanisms of this transfer were studied. Studies involving either alfalfa-grasses or soybean-corn intercrops, were undertaken. Mycorrhizal and P-supplemented (to compensate for the lack of mycorrhizae) intercrops were compared. In these studies, the legume component of intercrops was labelled with $ sp{15}$N and any excess of the label was looked for in the associated grass plants.
There was no reversal of N transport at the legume-fungus interface. N-transfer from legume to grass must therefore, proceed via excretion of N by legume roots and subsequent uptake by grass roots. Soil microorganisms and proximity of plant root systems are important factors affecting N-transfer. Mycorrhizae enhance the transfer by increasing the absorptive efficiency of the receiver plants.
Mycorrhizal fungi enhance the competitiveness of the most mycotrophic component of the mixtures by either improving P uptake or the general nutrient balance of the plant. Mycorrhizal inoculation can decrease the level of P competition between corn and soybean by increasing the availability of P.
The observation that mycorrhizal plants differ in many regards from P-supplemented plants, emphasize the generally poor comprehension of the mycorrhizal symbiosis.
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Noviandi, Cuk Tri. "The effect of chemical treatments on the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of tropical forages /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18866.pdf.

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6

Pereira, Arthur Prudêncio de Araujo. "Influência da profundidade do solo e do manejo de Eucalyptus grandis e Acacia mangium na estrutura das comunidades microbianas do solo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11140/tde-09042015-112037/.

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Pesquisas atuais demonstram respostas positivas em plantios de Eucalipto consorciados com Acacia mangium. O objetivo principal desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência dos sistemas puros e mistos de Eucalyptus grandis e A. mangium na estrutura das comunidades de bactérias e fungos do solo. Avaliou-se a estrutura dessas comunidades num gradiente de profundidade do solo. Foram abertas trincheiras profundas em plantios puros de Acácia (100A), Eucalipto (100E) e em sistemas mistos entre as duas espécies (A+E). No plantio misto fizeram-se coletas de solo e raízes na base da Acácia A(A+E) e na base do Eucalipto E(E+A). Cerca de 10 camadas do solo foram avaliadas ao longo do perfil das trincheiras, sendo coletados pontos de 0 a 800 cm, com 4 repetições cada. As comunidades microbianas foram monitoradas por PCR-DGGE, onde foi observado um forte efeito da profundidade do solo nas comunidades microbianas. Agrupamentos específicos foram formados em cada profundidade amostrada. Plantios puros de Eucalipto selecionaram grupos de bactérias diferentes dos que foram encontrados em 100A, A(A+E) e E(E+A). A comunidade de fungos totais não sofreu diferenciação de grupos nos plantios estudados, ao passo que os perfis de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) do solo no tratamento A(A+E), foram significativamente diferentes dos grupos encontrados nos demais tratamentos. Numa análise de correlação, realizada por RDA, ficou indicado que a comunidade de FMA do tratamento A(A+E) correlacionou-se positivamente com os valores de P no solo. Outra variável quantificada foi a abundância de bactérias e fungos, indicadas pelo número de cópias do gene ribossomal 16S DNAr e ITS, respectivamente. Quando comparadas as camadas superficiais do solo (0-20 cm), não foi possível encontrar diferenças na abundância de cópias dos genes 16S e ITS em todos os tratamentos. Ocorreu uma queda exponencial no número de cópias desses genes com o aumento da profundidade do solo. Porém, o tratamento 100E apresentou maior número de cópias em profundidade (de 300-800 cm) dos genes 16S e ITS do que qualquer outro tratamento. Em relação a presença específica de FMA, houve baixa colonização e baixa abundância de esporos de FMA em todos os tratamentos, sendo o tratamento 100E mais colonizado que os demais. Ao todo foram encontradas 16 espécies de FMA, sendo a maior parte pertencente ao gênero Acaulospora. Ao contrário dos FMA, os plantios apresentaram colonização radicular pronunciada por ECM. Conclui-se que nestes sistemas florestais uma espécie de planta parece ser mais importante que a outra na estruturação da comunidade microbiana e que alguns fatores do solo podem ser preponderantes nessa separação. O conhecimento dessas comunidades é de suma importância em plantios florestais, principalmente por estarem envolvidos diretamente nos ciclos biogeoquímicos e, sobretudo, por se tratar de uma forma de plantio florestal nova, promissora e que aborda parâmetros de sustentabilidade.
Recently discoveries have shown positive responses in Eucalyptus plantations intercropped with Acacia mangium. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of pure and mixed systems (Eucalyptus grandis and A. mangium) on the microbial communities\' structure in soil. We evaluated the structure of these communities in a gradient of soil depth. In this context, deep trenches were digged in pure stands of Acacia (100A), Eucalyptus (100E) and mixed systems (A+E). In mixed forest plantations, soil and roots were sampled at the base of Acacia (A+E) and the base of Eucalyptus (E+A). Soil over 10 layers along the profile from 0 to 800cm were sampled, with 4 replicates each. The microbial communities were monitored by PCRDGGE, where we observed a strong effect of soil depth on microbial communities. As a result, specific clusters were formed in each soil layer. The community composition of Eucalyptus grandis stands was different from the community structure found in the 100A, A (A+E) and E (E+A) systems. The total fungal community did not show any group differentiation due to the plantation system, while the profiles of mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of these three groups were significantly different from that of the treatment A (A+E). A correlation analysis performed by RDA indicated that the FMA community of the treatment (A+E) was correlated positively with P values in the soil. Another variable quantified was the community of bacteria and fungi, indicated by the number of copies of ribosomal 16S rDNA and ITS, respectively. Comparing the upper soil layers (0-20 cm), we couldn\'t find differences in the abundance of copies of 16S rRNA and ITS region genes in all treatments, but we observed an exponential decrease in 16S rRNA copy numbers with increasing soil depth. Regarding the presence of AMF, we found low root colonization and low abundance of AMF spores in all treatments, although 100E presented higher colonization rates than the others. Altogether, 16 AMF species were found, most of them belonging to the genus Acaulospora. We conclude that these forest systems a plant species seems to be more important than the other in the structuring of the microbial community and that some soil factors may be preponderant in this separation. The processes involving the dynamics of the microbial community structure is a crucial point in understanding the development of forest plantations, mainly by involving the biogeochemical cycles, when seeking for new promising approaches and sustainability parameters.
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Owens, Jacob Michael. "Influence of Supplemental Legumes that Contain Tannins and Saponins on Intake and Diet Digestibility in Sheep Fed Grasses that Contain Alkaloids." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/174.

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My objectives were to determine if nutritional benefits occur when animals are offered foods with compounds -- alkaloids, saponins, and tannins - that are potentially complementary. I hypothesized that food intake and digestibility increase when lambs consume plants such as alfalfa ALF that contain saponins or birdsfoot trefoil (BFT) that contain tannins when the basal diet is endophyte-infected tall fescue (TF) or reed canarygrass (RCG) both of which contain alkaloids. I predicted that the nutritional status of lambs would be enhanced if basal diets of alkaloid-containing grasses were supplemented with ALF or BFT. Lambs fed a basal diet of either endophyte-infected TF or RCG ate more food and consequently digested more dry matter, energy and nitrogen when supplemented with ALF or BFT. Lambs ingested more dry matter and digested more nutrients when fed a basal diet of RCG than one of TF, and supplementing with ALF and BFT was more beneficial for lambs fed TF than for lambs fed RCG. Increased intake of digestible nutrients was due to greater intake when lambs were offered more than one food, not due to an increase in digestibility. In pen trials meant to complement the field trials, lambs were offered an alkaloid-containing (either gramine or 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) total mixed ration and supplemented with a food that contained saponins or tannins. All rations were isocaloric (3.3Mcal/kg) and isonitrogenous (14% CP). Lambs fed a ration with either alkaloid and offered a food containing saponin digested approximately the same amount of dry matter, energy, nitrogen, and NDF as lambs not offered saponin. When lambs were fed a ration with either alkaloid and supplemented with food that contained tannins, tannin consumption adversely affected dry matter, energy, and NDF digestibility, but lambs offered food with tannins increased dry matter intake, and as a result, they digested the same amount of dry matter, energy, and NDF as lambs not offered the food with tannins. Lambs offered tannin digested and retained more nitrogen than lambs not offered tannin. These findings indicate a nutritional advantage for sheep eating mixtures as opposed to monocultures of foods with different profiles of secondary compounds and nutrients.
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Silva, Paulo Claudeir Gomes. "Produtividade e composição bromatológica de monocultivos e consorciações de sorgo e milho com adubos verdes em diferentes épocas de corte." Universidade do Oeste Paulista, 2009. http://bdtd.unoeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/371.

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The project goal was to study the productivity and quality of forage produced bromatological from monoculture of sorghum and maize and intercropping of them with dwarf pea, sunn hemp, white lupine, sunflower and radish. The experiment was installed in the area of agricultural production of the Campus II Unoeste in Presidente Prudente-SP, on April 3rd, 2008. The experimental design was a split plot with four replications, with the following treatments: monoculture of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and maize (Zea mays) and sorghum consortium + pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan var. Dwarf) sorghum + sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea), Sorghum + Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), sorghum fodder radish (Raphanus sativus), sorghum + white lupine (Lupinus albus), maize + pigeon pea dwarf, corn / sunn hemp, corn / sunflower corn + radish and corn + white lupine. The plots were scaled with eight rows of sowing of six meters. Biomass were collected at 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing for the quantification of plant material and chemical analysis. Statistical analysis consists of analysis of variance and Tukey test at 5% probability to compare treatment means. The single or intercropped sorghum was more efficient during low nutritive value, especially for syndications with sunflower, hemp and pigeon, which may have occurred because plants are more adapted to the dry climate of the region. Since the time of cutting that stood out with a productive balance and quality of the composition was 90 DAS.
O objetivo do projeto foi estudar a produtividade e a qualidade bromatológica de forragem produzida a partir de monocultivos de sorgo e milho, bem como a consorciação dos mesmos com guandu-anão, crotalária juncea, tremoço branco, girassol e nabo forrageiro. O experimento foi instalado na área de produção agrícola do Campus II da Unoeste, em Presidente Prudente-SP, no dia 03 de abril de 2008. O delineamento experimental foi em parcelas sub-divididas, com quatro repetições, com os seguintes tratamentos: monocultivos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor) e milho (Zea mays), e consórcios de sorgo + guandu-anão (Cajanus cajan, var. anão), sorgo + crotalária juncea (Crotalaria juncea), sorgo + girassol (Helianthus annuus), sorgo + nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus), sorgo + tremoço branco (Lupinus albus), milho + guandu-anão, milho + crotalária juncea, milho + girassol, milho + nabo forrageiro e milho + tremoço branco. As parcelas foram dimensionadas com oito linhas de semeadura de seis m de comprimento. Foram coletadas fitomassas aos 60, 90 e 120 dias após a semeadura para quantificação da material vegetal e análises bromatológicas. O estudo estatístico consta de análise de variância e teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade para comparar as médias dos tratamentos. O sorgo solteiro ou consorciado mostrou-se mais eficiente na maioria das avaliações bromatológicas, com destaque para as consorciações com girassol, crotalária e guandu, fato que pode ter ocorrido por serem plantas mais adaptadas ao clima seco da região. Sendo que a época de corte que se sobressaiu com um equilíbrio produtivo e qualidade bromatológica foi a de 90 DAS.
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Hackinen, Coleen Marie. "Heavy metal levels in grasses and legumes grown on Highland Valley Copper Mine tailings and the effect of artificial weathering on tailings growth production capability." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25893.

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Samples of agronomic grasses and legumes grown on copper mine tailings under two surficial amendment regimes and two fertilizer treatments were analyzed for Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Ni, P, and Zn. These values were compared to National Research Council and Agriculture Canada diet recommendations for beef cattle. Foliar Ca, Fe, Mn, Ni and P concentrations were satisfactory. Zn levels in most species were in the deficient range. Some samples contained excessive K or Mg, although overall foliar concentrations for these minerals were satisfactory. Copper and molybdenum concentrations were well above normal levels. Copper concentrations in the legumes and grasses averaged 63 and 44 mg/kg, respectively. Mean molybdenum concentrations were found to be 52 mg/kg in the grasses and 237 mg/kg in the legumes. Cu:Mo ratios in all species violated recommended dietary guidelines for beef cattle. Fluctuations in Cu:Mo ratios were attributable mainly to variations in foliar Cu. Most species were subjected to severe grazing by rodents, producing abnormal growth habits. As a result, assessment of relative species success was difficult. Grazing stress may also have affected foliar elemental levels. Tailings material was artificially weathered by leaching with 0.3 N acetic acid for seven weeks in a Soxhlet extraction chamber. Leached and unleached samples were analyzed for pH, 0.1 N HCl available Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn, acid ammonium oxalate extractable Mo, total elemental levels and mineralogical composition. As a result of leaching, the pH of the tailings was reduced from 6.6 to 3.5. Declines in available Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Mo were noted after leaching. No qualitative changes in tailings mineralogy were detected after artificial weathering. During leaching, three general elemental release patterns were observed. These were attributed to the sequential dissolution of readily soluble salts and carbonates, followed by the degradation of micas, pyroxenes, amphiboles and host ore minerals. The relatively inert minerals, such as, quartz, some alumino-silicates and oxyhydroxides of Fe and Al represented the third group. At present, the tailings are unsuitable as a forage production area for beef cattle as a result of toxic Cu:Mo ratios in the foliage. Based on chemical changes induced by artificial weathering, it is probable that forage grown on the tailings will become less toxic over time. Various management practices may be employed to accelerate improvement in growth medium parameters.
Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate
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Arruda, Everton Martins. "Atributos químicos do solo e desempenho de culturas em rotação ou consórcio com plantas de cobertura em sistema agroflorestal." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7244.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The presence of an arboreal component, such as in agroforestry systems, can promote a better balance of tropical ecological processes, allowing agricultural exploration in vertical and horizontal landscape profiles. This, together with the inclusion of single or intercropped cover crops in the agroforestry understory can increase the beneficial effects through interaction among species, favoring greater nutrient accumulation and cycling. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the soil chemical attributes and the performance of agricultural species and cover crops in rotation/consortium in an agroforestry system in the cerrado region of Goiás. The research was carried out between 2012 and 2016, in the city of Goiânia-Goiás, in an agroforestry system implanted in an 8- year-old Baru forest (Dipteryx alata V.). Soil from the experimental area was classified as typical dystrophic Red Latosol. The experimental design was randomized complete block (RCB), with four replications. Cover plants were cultivated singly: Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan); Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande (Stylosanthes macrocephala - 20% and Stylosanthes capitata - 80%); Massai grass (Panicum maximum) and intercropped: Pigeon pea+ Massai grass and Stylosanthes + Massai grass, in addition to an area under spontaneous vegetation (control treatment). We evaluated soil chemical fertility and dry phytomass productivity and macronutrient accumulations by cover crops, quality and yield of corn silage grown in rotation with the cover plants, relative index of chlorophylls and growth of Banana trees cultivated in consortium with the cover plants, in addition to the growth of the Baru trees during this period (height, diameter at breast height and crown diameter). The Campo Grande Stylosanthes increased the calcium contents, pH values and sum of bases in the soil solution at depth 0-10 cm after two years of cultivation. However, Massai grass, alone, increased potassium levels at depth 0-10 and 10-20 cm in the same cultivation year. The dry matter yield of silage maize was similar among the residual straw of Pigeon pea, Massai grass, and Stylosanthes + Massai grass cultivars. However, cultivation with residual Stylosanthes increased the crude protein percentage. The growth in height of the banana trees at 6 and 12 months was higher in consortium with Massai grass when compared to the area maintained with spontaneous vegetation. The incremental increase in height of Baru trees only increased after two years through the residual Campo Grande Stylosanthes. The highest productivity of dry phytomass was obtained from Massai grass, alone. The accumulations of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and sulfur were similar among Massai grass alone, Stylosanthes alone, and Massai grass + Stylosanthes consortium. However, potassium and magnesium accumulations were only higher in the aerial part of the Massai grass, alone.
A presença do componente arbóreo, como em sistemas agroflorestais, pode promover maior equilíbrio dos processos ecológicos tropicais, possibilitando uma exploração agrícola em perfis verticais e horizontais da paisagem. Isto, aliado a inserção de plantas de cobertura solteiras ou consorciadas nos sub-bosque agroflorestal pode aumentar os efeitos benéficos pela interação entre as espécies, favorecendo maior acúmulo e ciclagem de nutrientes. Com isso, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar os atributos químicos do solo e o desempenho de espécies agrícolas e plantas de coberturas em rotação/consórcio em sistema agroflorestal na região do cerrado goiano. A pesquisa foi realizada entre os anos de 2012 e 2016, na cidade de Goiânia-Goiás, em um sistema agroflorestal implantado em uma floresta de barueiros (Dipteryx alata V.) com 8 anos de idade. O solo da área experimental foi classificado como Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados (DBC), com quatro repetições. As plantas de cobertura foram cultivadas solteiras: feijão guandu (Cajanus cajan); estilosantes cv. campo grande (Stylosanthes macrocephala - 20% e Stylosanthes capitata - 80%); capim massai (Panicum maximum) e consorciadas: feijão guandu + massai e estilosantes + massai, além de uma área mantida sob vegetação espontânea (tratamento controle). Foram avaliados os atributos de fertilidade química do solo, a produtividade de fitomassa seca e os acúmulos de macronutrientes pelas plantas de cobertura, a qualidade e a produtividade do milho para silagem cultivado em rotação as plantas de cobertura, o índice relativo de clorofilas e o crescimento de bananeiras cultivado em consórcio com as plantas de cobertura, além do crescimento das árvores de barueiros durante este período (altura, diâmetro a altura do peito e diâmetro de copa). O estilosantes campo grande aumenta os teores de cálcio, valores de pH e soma de bases na solução do solo na profundidade 0-10 cm após dois anos de cultivo. Todavia, o capim massai solteiro aumenta os teores de potássio na profundidade 0-10 e 10-20 cm no mesmo ano de cultivo. A produtividade de matéria seca de milho para silagem é semelhante entre os cultivos com residual de palhada de estilosantes, feijão guandu, massai e estilosantes + massai, entretanto, o cultivo com residual de estilosantes aumenta o percentual de proteína bruta. O crescimento em altura das bananeiras aos 6 e 12 meses é maior no consórcio com capim massai quando comparado à área mantida com vegetação espontânea. O incremento de crescimento em altura das árvores de barueiros é aumentado somente após dois anos através do residual de estilosantes campo grande. A maior produtividade de fitomassa seca é obtida como capim massai solteiro. Os acúmulos de nitrogênio, fósforo, cálcio e enxofre são semelhantes entre o capim massai solteiro, o estilosantes solteiro e o consórcio estilosantes + massai, entretanto os acúmulos de potássio e magnésio somente são superiores na parte aérea do capim massai solteiro.
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Books on the topic "A consortium of legumes with grasses"

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Priestley, R. H. Diseases of grasses and herbage legumes. Cambridge: NIAB, 1988.

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Legel, Siegfried. Tropical forage legumes and grasses: Introductory fieldbook. Berlin: Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, 1990.

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Mehra, K. L. Indonesian economic plant resources: Mountain grasses. Bogor: Lembaga Biologi Nasional-LIPI, 1985.

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Bancessi, Quintino. Identificação e descrição de leguminosas e gramíneas da Guiné-Bissau. Bissau, Guiné-Bissau: Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisa, 1991.

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Castañeda, Bertha Rodríguez. Glosario de términos frecuentemente utilizados para gramíneas y leguminosas. Chapingo, Edo. de México: Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 2002.

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Mehra, K. L. Indonesian economic plant resources: Legume and other forage plants. Bogor: Proyek Studi Potensi Sumber Daya Alam Indonesia, Studi Potensi Sumber Daya Nabati, Lembaga Biologi Nasional-LIPI, 1985.

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Mehra, K. L. Indonesian economic plant resources: Forage crops. Bogor: Lembaga Biologi Nasional-LIPI, 1985.

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Zhang, Y. Fly ash scrubber sludge addition and growth of legumes and grasses. S.l: s.n, 1992.

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European Cooperative Programme on Conservation and Exchange of Crop Genetic Resources. Working Group on Forages. Meeting. Report of a Working Group on Forages (fourth meeting): Held in Budapest, Hungary, 28-30 October 1991. Rome: ECP/GR/IBPGR, 1993.

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Soroka, Juliana. Insect pests of legume and grass crops in western Canada. Ottawa, Ont: Available from Communications Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "A consortium of legumes with grasses"

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Casler, M. D., E. Heaton, K. J. Shinners, H. G. Jung, P. J. Weimer, M. A. Liebig, R. B. Mitchell, and M. F. Digman. "Grasses and Legumes for Cellulosic Bioenergy." In Grassland Quietness and Strength for a New American Agriculture, 205–19. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/2009.grassland.c12.

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Weimer, Paul J., and J. Bradley Morris. "Grasses and Legumes for Bio-based Products." In Grassland Quietness and Strength for a New American Agriculture, 221–33. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/2009.grassland.c13.

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Brummer, E. Charles, Joseph H. Bouton, Michael D. Casler, Mark H. McCaslin, and Blair L. Waldron. "Grasses and Legumes: Genetics and Plant Breeding." In Grassland Quietness and Strength for a New American Agriculture, 155–71. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/2009.grassland.c9.

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Guy, P. L., and R. L. S. Forster. "Viruses of New Zealand Pasture Grasses and Legumes." In ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Books, 287–302. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1996.pastureforagecroppathol.c16.

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George, J. Ronald, Kevin M. Blanchet, and Randall M. Gettle. "Growing Legumes in Mixtures with Warm-Season Grasses." In Native Warm-Season Grasses: Research Trends and Issues, 67–82. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub30.c5.

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Boonman, Joseph G. "Legumes in sown and grazed pastures." In East Africa’s grasses and fodders: Their ecology and husbandry, 190–216. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8224-7_10.

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Korhonen, Timo K., Eeva-Liisa Nurmiaho-Lassila, Tuula Laakso, and Kielo Haahtela. "Adhesion of fimbriated nitrogen-fixing enteric bacteria to roots of grasses and cereals." In Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, 59–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4378-0_5.

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Boddey, R. M., and R. L. Victoria. "Estimation of biological nitrogen fixation associated with Brachiaria and Paspalum grasses using 15N labelled organic matter and fertilizer." In Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, 265–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4378-0_21.

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Vymyslický, T., J. Lang, and D. Knotová. "The Multifunctional Role of Legumes in Vineyards and Orchards." In Breeding Grasses and Protein Crops in the Era of Genomics, 237–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89578-9_43.

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Muir, J. P., F. S. Forrest, J. Brady, J. C. Dubeux, and W. D. Pitman. "Domesticating Shrubby Native Legumes for Pastures and Natural Grasslands." In Breeding Grasses and Protein Crops in the Era of Genomics, 46–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89578-9_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "A consortium of legumes with grasses"

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Soroka, Andrey, Natal'ya Kostyuchenko, and Andrey Gaponyuk. "Productivity of perennial herbs on peat-mineral soils in the conditions of Polesie." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production23 (71). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-23-71-130-134.

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The results of studies on the productivity of perennial grasses on peat-mineral soil of Polesye are presented. Sowing alfalfa turned out to be the most productive crop among perennial leguminous herbs. Pasture legumes and grasses were slightly different in productivity. The introduction of an additional bean component in pasture mixtures did not contribute to a significant increase in the productivity of perennial herbs.
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Kutuzova, Anel, Elena Provornaya, Ekaterina Sedova, and Nadezhda Tsybenko. "EFFICIENCY OF NEW VARIETIES OF BEAN GRASSES IN MEADOW FARMING." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-24-72-9-13.

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Based on the field experiment conducted in 2014–2019, it was found that the productivity of leguminous-grassy stands on sod-podzolic soil was increased by 97–120% compared to cereal grass on average over five years of use. The increase in the collection of edible feed per 1 kg of legume seeds was 1.2–5.1 thousand feed units for this period. Payback 1 ruble costs of seeds of legumes due to the conditionally net income reached 41–44 rubles when using alfalfa and 76–173 rubles when using creeping clover and meadow clover.
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Khonina, Olesya. "Perennial legumes and grasses in the system of sustainable fodder production in the south of Russia." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production23 (71). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-23-71-82-86.

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The results of research on the assessment of the forage and environment-forming role of legumes and cereals grass and grass mixtures with their participation are presented. It is established that adaptive and stable phytocenoses based on such grasses as yellow alfalfa, yellow melilot, sainfoin, wheatgrass, Wheatgrass during haymaking use form on average 10.3–14.5 t/ha of green mass, 2.0–3.1 t/ha of dry matter, 280–390 kg/ha of raw protein and 12.1–18.8 GJ/ha of exchange energy in the arid zone in the southern of Russia.
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Kostenko, Sergey, Evgenia Malyuzhenets, Natalia Kostenko, Elena Pampura, and Nadezhda Terekhova. "Hybrid of meadow fescue "VIK-5-34" for growing on high agrophones on meadows and pastures in the European part of Russia." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2021-25-73-67-70.

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Meadow fescue is one of the best grasses for forage production in most of Russia, being inferior in productivity to pasture ryegrass in the country's reserve; it is much superior to it in other regions in terms of longevity, sea resistance and drought resistance. This species is also less affected by fungal diseases, grows well in herb mixtures with both clover and alfalfa or with other legumes and cereals. The new variety "VIK-5-34" is intended for cultivation on high agricultural grounds in farms with a high level of agriculture. The variety can be used both for foraging and for creating pastures.
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SZELĄG-SIKORA, Anna, Marcin NIEMIEC, Jakub SIKORA, and Maciej CHOWANIAK. "Possibilities of Designating Swards of Grasses and Small-Seed Legumes From Selected Organic Farms in Poland for Feed." In IX International ScientificSymposium "Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture". Departament of Machinery Exploittation and Management of Production Processes, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/fmpmsa.2017.65.

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Stevovic, Vladeta, Dalibor Tomic, Dragan Đurovic, and Milomirka Madic. "UNAPREĐENJE PROIZVODNJE STOČNE HRANE NA PRIRODNIM TRAVNJACIMA." In SAVETOVANJE o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.119s.

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Yield and quality of forage mainly depend on the floristic composition, ie the share of higher quality grasses and legumes, soil fertility, amount and distribution of precipitation and light. Natural meadows and pastures are the most important resource in the forage production in the hilly and mountainous area of Republic of Serbia. Despite the large areas, the forage production on natural grasslands is relatively low. Limited application of a small number of agrotechnical measures is the main reason for low and unstable yields and poor forage quality. Only by appropriate fertilization of meadows and pastures with mineral and organic fertilizers, their rational exploitation, it is possible to achieve an increase in hay yield by several times and improvement in forage quality, simultaneously.
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Reports on the topic "A consortium of legumes with grasses"

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Braden, I. S., Kenneth J. Moore, Roger L. Hintz, M. H. Wiedenhoeft, E. Charles Brummer, and M. Peter Hoffman. Pasture Improvements with Mixed Composition of Warm-Season Grasses and Legumes. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2103.

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