Relevant bibliographies by topics / A floor area

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'A floor area'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "A floor area"

1

Zhang, Xiaoyong, Zhengchao Chen, Yuemin Yue, Xiangkun Qi, and Charlie H. Zhang. "Fusion of Remote Sensing and Internet Data to Calculate Urban Floor Area Ratio." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 19, 2019): 3382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123382.

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The floor area ratio is a comprehensive index that plays an important role in urban planning and sustainable development. Remote sensing data are widely used in floor area ratio calculations because they can produce both two-dimensional planar and three-dimensional stereo information on buildings. However, remote sensing is not adequate for calculating the number of floors in a building. In this paper, a simple and practical pixel-level model is established through defining a quantitative relationship among the floor area ratio, building density, and average number of floors (ANF). The floor area ratios are calculated by combining remote sensing data with publicly available Internet data. It incorporates supplemental map data and street-level views from Internet maps to confirm building types and the number of floors, thereby enabling more-accurate floor area ratio calculations. The proposed method is tested in the Tiantongyuan neighborhood, Changping District, Beijing, and the results show that it can accurately approximate the number of floors in buildings. Inaccuracies in the value of the floor area ratio were found to be primarily due to the uncertainties in building density calculations. After performing systematic error correction, the building density (BD) and floor area ratio were each calculated with the relative accuracy exceeding 90%. Moreover, the experiments verified that the fusion of internet map data with remote sensing data has innate advantages for floor area ratio calculations.
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Potter, Marisa T., Richard J. Heerema, Jill Schroeder, Jamshid Ashigh, Dawn VanLeeuwen, and Cheryl Fiore. "Mature Pecan Orchard Floor Vegetation Management: Impacts on Tree Water Status, Nutrient Content, and Nut Production." HortScience 47, no. 6 (June 2012): 727–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.6.727.

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Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] growers are advised to control orchard floor vegetation when establishing new orchards, but there is not a set recommendation for vegetation control in mature orchards. The objective of this study was to measure the effect of orchard floor vegetation on water and nitrogen (N) status of flood-irrigated mature pecan trees. Four treatments studied were: completely vegetated orchard floor, vegetation-free inner area directly under the tree canopy with vegetation in the outer area, completely vegetation-free, and vegetated inner area under the canopy with a vegetation-free outer area. Treatments were organized as a 2 × 2 factorial structure with inner and outer treatment factors, both with levels vegetated and vegetation-free. Soil moisture and tree midday stem water potential (MSWP) were measured during irrigation cycles to evaluate the development of water stress in the pecan trees. Soil moisture data showed a significant outer main effect when the soil in the entire orchard was the driest, that is, just before irrigation events. Areas with vegetation cover that were exposed to full sun were significantly drier than shaded vegetated areas and vegetation-free areas in the orchard floor. However, this was not correlated with differences in tree water status as indicated by MSWP. Leaf tissue and soil analyses showed no significant differences in N concentrations among treatments in either year. Treatments with orchard floor vegetation in the outer area had significantly higher yield efficiency and marginally significant improvements in percent kernel fill and number of nuts per kilogram. Our findings suggest that there may be more benefits to maintaining orchard floor vegetation in mature orchards than were previously acknowledged.
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Stahl, Peter W., and James A. Zeidler. "Differential Bone-Refuse Accumulation in Food-Preparation and Traffic Areas on an Early Ecuadorian House Floor." Latin American Antiquity 1, no. 2 (June 1990): 150–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/971985.

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Ethnographic observations of floor formation in an occupied and an abandoned Achuar jea dwelling structure are combined with contemporary taphonomic studies of swept and trampled surfaces. These studies suggest that refuse accumulation and incorporation are markedly different in food-preparation areas with ash deposits around fixed hearth features when compared to regularly trampled traffic areas of domestic earthen house floors. These points are examined in the horizontal and vertical analysis of highly fragmented bone remains in an Early Formative domestic house floor at the site of Real Alto, in the coastal lowlands of southwestern Ecuador. The food-preparation area of the Structure 1 house floor contained high concentrations of bone specimens characterized by their large size (over 25 mm), broad surface area, low bulk density, and greater total weight, vertically distributed throughout the ash matrix. The traffic area contained bone specimens characterized by their small size (under 25 mm), narrow surface area, high bulk density, and lower total weight, distributed unevenly in vertical profile. The horizontal distribution of fish bone only partially followed the observed pattern, as a proportionately greater amount of large fish bone was located in the traffic area. This analysis demonstrates the potential utility of bone refuse as a sensitive and reliable taphonomic indicator for inferential arguments regarding house-floor deposition.
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Ngo, Le Minh, and Zhen Yu Li. "Transformation on the Design for Sustainable of High-Rise Residential Buildings – The Case Study of Shanghai Combined Apartment Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3565.

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In the recent years, the design for high-rise residential buildings in Shanghai has been changing in floor plan. It is the transformation in the shape of the house from residential tower-shaped buildings into combined apartment buildings; the transformation in constitution of floor plan, the number of apartment in each floor; the transformation in area and function of each apartment and even in living habits. Studies of the transformation in shape mentioned above were carried out by the morphology methodology. Combined apartment buildings in Shanghai combined together leads to high economic benefit, and the number of floors is up to 34 floors. Auxiliary area which is shared equally to each apartment, accounts for an approximately large portion of a typical floor plan. Each apartment in Shanghai must be added 12-18% of external auxiliary area. The cause and effect of the transformation in the design for high-rise apartment buildings are valuable experiences for other developing metropolitans in China, so as other countries in region.
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Zant, Wouter. "If smallholder farmers have access to the world market: the case of tobacco marketing in Malawi." European Review of Agricultural Economics 47, no. 4 (December 5, 2019): 1402–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbz039.

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Abstract We measure the impact of a reduction in transaction costs on crop area and production of smallholder tobacco growers in Malawi. For identification, we exploit the introduction of an additional tobacco auction floor. Estimations are based on annual data by extension planning area. A 10 per cent reduction in distance to auction floor is shown to increase crop area and production around 4 and 10 per cent, respectively. Supply response weakens beyond a distance to auction floor of 60 km and runs along the intensive margin: existing tobacco growers improve productivity of cultivation. Impacts are robust for non-random placement of auction floors and several other threats. The results point to potentially large welfare benefits for smallholders if marketing infrastructure is improved and if more auction floors are introduced.
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Laksono, Taufik Dwi. "The Analysis of the Factors Which Affect the Building Costs in Indonesia." Civil Engineering Journal 3, no. 1 (January 30, 2017): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2017-00000072.

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Buildings are the kind of facility needed by everyone. The accuracy in determining the amount of costs required to build a building has become a challenge for all parties involved in the process. This study aims to determine the factors affecting the cost of a building. By using four independent variables, i.e. floor area, number of floors, foundation depth, and project implementation time, and one dependent variable in the form of a contract value of the building project, an analysis to determine the factors that influence the cost of a building has been made. Using 81 samples in several cities in Indonesia and multiple linear regression of stepwise method, the results show three factors that significantly affect the cost of building projects. They are floor area, number of floors, and project implementation time. This is indicated by tcount for floor area of 12.770, tcount for the number of floors of 46.05, and tcount for project implementation time of 2.321.
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Leonardi, Federica, Teresa Botti, Giuliana Buresti, Anna Paola Caricato, Alberto Chezzi, Carlo Pepe, Sabina Spagnolo, Sabrina Tonnarini, Miriam Veschetti, and Rosabianca Trevisi. "Radon Spatial Variations in University’s Buildings Located in an Italian Karst Region." Atmosphere 12, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12081048.

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In the framework of a collaboration between INAIL and University of Salento, an indoor radon survey in 54 buildings belonging to the UniSalento University (Southeast Italy) was carried out. The monitored buildings differ by type, construction period, materials, etc., and are located in an area with a morphology characterized mainly by marls, calcareous marls, and calcarenites (karst area). The sample of the survey includes 963 rooms at different floors: it consists in rooms mainly located at ground floor (67%), first floor (12%), and below ground (12%). SSNTD passive dosimeters measured the average radon activity concentration for two consecutive semesters (spring/summer and autumn/winter) from which annual radon averages were estimated for each room. The spatial variability within buildings was investigated in terms of variation between floors and among rooms at the same floor. Data analysis provides evidence that the distributions (in terms of arithmetic mean, standard deviation, median, and geometric mean) of indoor radon annual averages at ground floor and at first floor within building are very similar. This highlights that the karstic characteristics of soil and building materials affect radon levels not only below ground and at ground floor, but also at first floor. Moreover, to evaluate the spatial variability of radon among buildings or floors, the analysis of the distribution of coefficient of variation (CV) was carried out: the results show a low spatial variability with median and average values of CVs ≤ 30% both for the whole building and at different floor levels.
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Santoso, Suselo Utoyo, Armin Naibaho, Edy. "OPTIMALISASI BIAYA DAN WAKTU PELAKSANAAN PEKERJAAN PERANCAH MENGGUNAKAN SCAFFOLDING PADA BANGUNAN BERTINGKAT DENGAN SISTEM ZONING." PROKONS Jurusan Teknik Sipil 9, no. 2 (August 31, 2015): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/prokons.v9i2.91.

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On the implementation of the scaffolding work in a large and typical structures, the work area usually is distributed into several areas or work zones due to the limited area for mobilization of material and equipment, work schedule, structure form, limited resources and so on. The distribution of the different areas or zones in the typical structure will affect the circulation of the equipment removal of the scaffolding .The review was carried out by simulating the time various working methods using zones in 1 floor and 8 different floors. The zoning was of 6 zones, 3 zones, and 1 zones for one floor with various completion of 10 work days, 7 work days, and 5 work days. Work schedule was made based on each model. With reference to the work schedule, calculations, cost and time maximization of scaffolding was carried out. Data analysis process’s were (1) material and tool analysis, (2) job cost analysis, and (3) unit price analysis. The calculations result in an effective and efficient method is by employing 3 zones withim 7 work days for each floor. So it is for the entire 8 floor. With the implementation cost as many as IDR 42,203,210 for 1 floor and IDR 327,113,217 for 8 floors.Keywords: maximization, scaffolding, zone
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Ai, H. J., M. Y. Liu, Y. M. Shi, and J. Q. Zhao. "FLOOR IDENTIFICATION WITH COMMERCIAL SMARTPHONES IN WIFI-BASED INDOOR LOCALIZATION SYSTEM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 14, 2016): 573–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b4-573-2016.

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In this paper, we utilize novel sensors built-in commercial smart devices to propose a schema which can identify floors with high accuracy and efficiency. This schema can be divided into two modules: floor identifying and floor change detection. Floor identifying module starts at initial phase of positioning, and responsible for determining which floor the positioning start. We have estimated two methods to identify initial floor based on K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and BP Neural Network, respectively. In order to improve performance of KNN algorithm, we proposed a novel method based on weighting signal strength, which can identify floors robust and quickly. Floor change detection module turns on after entering into continues positioning procedure. In this module, sensors (such as accelerometer and barometer) of smart devices are used to determine whether the user is going up and down stairs or taking an elevator. This method has fused different kinds of sensor data and can adapt various motion pattern of users. We conduct our experiment with mobile client on Android Phone (Nexus 5) at a four-floors building with an open area between the second and third floor. The results demonstrate that our scheme can achieve an accuracy of 99% to identify floor and 97% to detecting floor changes as a whole.
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Ai, H. J., M. Y. Liu, Y. M. Shi, and J. Q. Zhao. "FLOOR IDENTIFICATION WITH COMMERCIAL SMARTPHONES IN WIFI-BASED INDOOR LOCALIZATION SYSTEM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 14, 2016): 573–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b4-573-2016.

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In this paper, we utilize novel sensors built-in commercial smart devices to propose a schema which can identify floors with high accuracy and efficiency. This schema can be divided into two modules: floor identifying and floor change detection. Floor identifying module starts at initial phase of positioning, and responsible for determining which floor the positioning start. We have estimated two methods to identify initial floor based on K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and BP Neural Network, respectively. In order to improve performance of KNN algorithm, we proposed a novel method based on weighting signal strength, which can identify floors robust and quickly. Floor change detection module turns on after entering into continues positioning procedure. In this module, sensors (such as accelerometer and barometer) of smart devices are used to determine whether the user is going up and down stairs or taking an elevator. This method has fused different kinds of sensor data and can adapt various motion pattern of users. We conduct our experiment with mobile client on Android Phone (Nexus 5) at a four-floors building with an open area between the second and third floor. The results demonstrate that our scheme can achieve an accuracy of 99% to identify floor and 97% to detecting floor changes as a whole.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "A floor area"

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Chen, Zhuling M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Production system improvement : floor area reduction and visual management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78157.

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Thesis (M. Eng. in Manufacturing)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70).
This thesis suggests on the development process of a new layout design and visual management tools to improve the efficiency of a production line in a medical device company. Lean production philosophy and common lean techniques were adopted as a guideline in this project. A new layout design was proposed to utilize less manufacturing space while maintaining or improving the current production rate. A thorough study of the current system was conducted and preliminary analysis on the current system efficiency was evaluated. Design concepts were generated based on major reduction opportunities, namely removal of non-production areas on the floor, a point of use inventory system, consolidation of equipment and benches, new bench configuration. The final layout design reduced 479 ft 2 from the original layout with the same production rate. Visual management tools were developed after identifying key performance indicators for the production line. The visual management tools presented important data in a comprehensive way, facilitated communication among the production team and management team and empowered production associates in making continuous improvement on the floor. Key Words: Lean Manufacturing, Floor Area Reduction, Visual Management, Key Performance Indicators, System Efficiency
by Zhuling Chen.
M.Eng.in Manufacturing
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Yang, Tianying M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Production system improvement : floor area reduction and inventory optimization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78172.

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Thesis (M. Eng. in Manufacturing)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 75).
This thesis shows improvements of a medical device production system. The demand at the Medical Device Manufacturing Company (MDMC¹) is low for the occlusion system product and there is a need to introduce other production lines on the floor. MDMC gave the challenge to the MIT team to improve the production area utilization rate and inventory management for the occlusion system product. This thesis shows the Six Sigma approach and methodology the MIT team used to reduce the occlusion system's floor area. Detailed approaches selected by the team in area reduction include supermarket decentralization, consolidation of equipment, removal of non-production items and change in bench configuration to reduce excess s ace. The floor reduction plan recommended reduces the production area from 1528 ft² to 1052 ft². The thesis also covers the inventory management analysis and optimization that improves the operation efficiency and reduce inventory cost of this production line. Information regarding the other improvements including manpower allocation, cycle time analysis and visual management can be found in other team members' individual theses [1] [2] [3]. Key Words: Lean Manufacturing, Floor Area Reduction, Inventory Optimization, System Efficiency
by Tianying Yang.
M.Eng.in Manufacturing
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3

Peterson, Jennifer J. (Jennifer Jeanne). "Production system improvement : floor area reduction and cycle time analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78169.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-77).
A medical device company challenged a research team to reduce the manufacturing floor space required for an occlusion system product by one third. The team first cataloged equipment location and size, detailed the processes to make the product, and created a model for prototyping designs. The model allowed for multiple proposals of designs to the stakeholders without disrupting the line. The team implemented the new floor layout on August 3, 2012. The layout reduced the footprint by the required one third, removed the waste of extra space and maintenance time. The design was also the lowest cost design for the company. Further suggestions for future reduction in space are also included. The team was given the additional challenge of improving the manufacturing of the product. My particular focus was to analyze the cycle time. First definitions were given to provide criteria for analyzing different reductions. Processes that were the longest in each subassembly, or bottleneck processes, were specifically analyzed to reduce their process time or delay time. Technical updates to reduce touch time and delay time for other major processes were also considered. Suggestions for future work are included to reduce the production time. Information regarding the other concentrations, manpower allocation, parts inventory optimization, and visual management, will be found in the other team members' individual theses. [1] [2] [3]
by Jennifer J. Peterson.
M.Eng.
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Lin, Yunting. "Multi-function Complex in Northern Area." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79385.

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The special condition in the Anchorage, Alaska draws my attention when I traveled to this place. The downtown area is in the far north of the city, it is an interesting point to develop the lifestyle and living condition for the people stay in the northern city. My thesis starts from the research on the surrounding areas and determines what function of the building suits the site the best. Besides, the shape of the building has some extensions and elevations in order to emphasize the connection between the building and the surrounding spaces. Whats more, the design of the square and the interior parking space are based on the research of the special weather condition in the Anchorage, Alaska. Throughout the various stages of the design, the final project has the steel structure for the primary structural system and metal perforated board for the elevation to balance the huge body of the building. The feature of the project's function and programmatic needs are based on the connections between the site and the surroundings.
Master of Architecture
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Lamprecht, Jaren Tyler. "FPGA Floor-Planning Impact on Implementation Results." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3380.

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The field programmable gate array (FPGA) is an attractive computational platform for many applications because of its customizable nature and modest development cost, in terms of both time and money. As FPGAs scale to increased logical capacities, designers have increased flexibility. However, the FPGA placement problem becomes more difficult at increased sizes. Increasingly, designers are encouraged to structure designs hierarchically and floor-plan. Floor planning is a manual process which maps specified design submodules to selected physical regions of the FPGA device fabric. This thesis explores several of the effects that floor-planning has on submodules and the designs they comprise. A method is developed to explore the floor-planning impact on submodules independent of a full design. Six different submodules are independently subjected to varying timing constraints and to area constraints of varying aspect ratios and area allocations. The resulting submodule minimum clock periods, routing overflows, and relocatabilities are assembled from millions of submodule implementations. The aggregate results suggest that EDA placement and routing tools can meet design constraints even with extreme combinations of submodule aspect ratio and area allocations; however, the probability of implementations meeting constraints may be low at those extremes. Separate sets of submodule floor-planning guidelines are developed to optimize for meeting minimum clock period constraints, minimizing routing overflow, and maximize relocatability. The submodule floor planning guidelines for meeting minimum clock period are verified in full design implementations.
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Wu, Yue. "Density, floor area ratio and the newly developing residential districts in urban Shanghai." access full-text online access from Digital dissertation consortium, 2002. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3052756.

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Gunel, Orhun Ahmet. "Influence Of The Shear Wall Area To Floor Area Ratio On The Seismic Performance Of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615678/index.pdf.

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An analytical study is performed to evaluate the influence of shear wall area to floor area ratio on the behavior of existing mid-rise reinforced concrete buildings under earthquake loading. The seismic performance of five existing school buildings with shear wall ratios between 0.00% and 2.50% in both longitudinal and transverse directions and their strengthened counterparts are evaluated. Based on the structural properties of the existing buildings, additional buildings with varying shear wall ratios are designed. Consequently, twenty four buildings with different floor plans, number of stories, cross-sectional properties of the members and material strengths are acquired. Nonlinear time-history analyses are performed for all buildings by utilizing the software program, SAP2000 v14.2.0. under seven different ground motion records. The results indicated that roof drifts and plastic deformations reduce with increasing shear wall ratios, but the rate of decrease is lower for higher shear wall ratios. Buildings with 1.00% shear wall ratio have significantly lower roof drifts and plastic deformations when compared to buildings with 0.00% or 0.50% shear wall ratio. Roof drifts and plastic deformations are minimized when the shear wall ratio is increased to 1.50%. After this limit, addition of shear walls has only a slight effect on the seismic performance of the analyzed buildings.
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Karol, Elizabeth. "Energy efficient design in housing of small floor area : appropriateness in housing for the aged." Curtin University of Technology, Faculty of Built Environment, Art and Design, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14106.

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This thesis seeks to address energy efficient design in a temperate climate in typical small, medium density housing, particularly in housing for the aged. The connections between energy efficient design and small, medium density housing were identified as contemporary issues related to Australian Government policies in two disparate areas. One policy area is reflected in the Government's commitment to assist older people, whether they are active, early retirees or the frail elderly, wealthy or poor, to live in their chosen place of residence. Increasingly this chosen place of residence may be a small, medium density dwelling. The other policy area is that related to reducing energy consumption in buildings. This policy is reflected in recently proclaimed building regulations aimed at reducing space heating/cooling requirements in housing. The building regulations include details of acceptable construction practice for energy efficiency that may not be appropriate in small, medium density housing. It was proposed in this thesis that extensive use of space heating and cooling in housing for the aged was required because well-established benchmarks for energy efficient design in a temperate climate were not generally appropriate in small, medium density dwellings and were particularly inappropriate in housing for the aged. `Appropriate' in this context referred to: indoor temperatures being acceptable without the need for space heating and cooling; retaining the site planning and general form of typical, medium density aged persons housing developments in suburban Australia; cost effectiveness over the life of a building; and fitting the needs of physically and financially vulnerable older people.
The methods used to examine the notion of appropriateness commenced with a literature review that related to the general physical and economic status of older people and their needs and responses to space heating and cooling in the home. Further, the literature review considered the principles of energy efficient design and benchmark criteria for energy efficiency. Arising from the literature review, two tools of study were used in order to develop a set of data encapsulating the salient features of small, medium density housing. The first was a multiple case study of typical housing for the aged. This was conceived as a way of determining if small, medium density dwellings could provide appropriate indoor thermal conditions and/or were designed to be energy efficient. The indoor temperatures were monitored in summer and winter and annual energy consumption was established and statistically analysed. The building designs were analysed in terms of their orientation, glazing areas, wall areas, volumes of thermal mass and ventilation capacity and compared with benchmarks for energy efficient design. The second tool involved a series of computer simulations of a typical small, medium density dwelling. The simulation process was utilised to determine if a new set of benchmarks for energy efficient small, medium density dwellings were required that would incorporate the notion of appropriateness. From the multiple case study it was found that, irrespective of design, indoor temperatures in 98% of dwellings were above the acceptable maximum summer temperature of 27.4°C in still air and indoor temperatures in all dwellings were found to be below the acceptable minimum daytime temperature of 19.8°C.
The findings also showed that some aspects of the benchmarks for energy efficient design were not appropriate in typical, medium density housing constructed specifically for the aged. From the simulation process it was discovered that acceptable temperatures could be achieved in small medium density housing if the principles of energy efficient design, incorporated within a new set of benchmarks, were integrated with appropriateness criteria for housing for the aged. The approach taken with the new benchmarks was to create both performance based and prescriptive design solutions. The performance model differs from the current benchmarks for energy efficient design in that it establishes key functional objectives for energy efficient design. Compared to the current benchmarks, the prescriptive design solutions show significant reductions in the areas of northerly glazing and total glazing. To compensate for the reduced area of northerly glazing, both direct and indirect means of solar gain are utilised for passive heating. The thesis outcomes have implications for three areas of the construction industry. The prescriptive design solutions presented in building regulations for energy efficiency in housing need to be qualified, the design briefs prepared for energy efficient construction of small, medium density housing need amendment and the approach taken by designers involved in energy efficient small, medium density housing needs to be reconsidered.
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Holetová, Kateřina. "Stanovení koeficientu užitné plochy ku zastavěné ploše u rodinných domů ve zvolené lokalitě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402095.

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The thesis deals with determining the quotient of usable area and the built-up area for houses in a specific location and analyzes the influence over size of quotient according to variables in process of determining.
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Van, Avendonk Hermanus Josephus Antonius. "An investigation of the crustal structure of the Clipperton transform fault area using 3D seismic tomography /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9823314.

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Books on the topic "A floor area"

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Industrial ethernet on the plant floor: A planning and installation guide. Research Triangle Park, NC: ISA, 2008.

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York, New York (State) Office of the State Deputy Comptroller for the City of New. New York City Planning Commission granting special permits for bonus floor area. [New York, N.Y: Office of the State Deputy Comptroller, 1988.

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Bodde, William. View from the 19th floor: Reflections of the first APEC Executive Director. Singapore: ASEAN Economic Research Unit, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1994.

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York, New York (State) Office of the State Deputy Comptroller for the City of New. New York City Department of City Planning, follow-up on granting special permits for bonus floor area. [New York, N.Y: Office of the State Deputy Comptroller, 1992.

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Moskovita, George. Living off the Pacific ocean floor: Stories of a lifetime commercial fisherman off the Pacific coast / by George Moskovita. Astoria, OR: G. Moskovita, 2000.

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Bignami, Daniele Fabrizio, Renzo Rosso, and Umberto Sanfilippo. Flood Proofing in Urban Areas. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05934-7.

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Region, Environment Agency Anglian. Flood warning dissemination plan for the Northamptonshire area. 2nd ed. [Lincoln?]: Environment Agency, 1998.

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Singh, Atar. Environmental degradation in flood prone areas. Jaipur, India: Pointer Publishers, 1991.

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Moosburner, Otto. Potential flood and debris hazards at Katherine Landing and Telephone Cove, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Mohave County, Arizona. Carson, City, Nev: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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European Commission. Directorate-General XII, Science, Research, and Development. Floodaware final report: Programme Climate and environment 1994-1998, area 2.3.1, hydrological and hydrogeological risks, contract ENV4-CT96-0293. Antony: Cemagref Editions, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "A floor area"

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Dubuisson, Jean-Bernard, Jean Dubuisson, and Juan Puigventos. "Promontory Area." In Laparoscopic Anatomy of the Pelvic Floor, 55–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35498-5_10.

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Luckner, Marcin, and Rafał Górak. "Comparison of Floor Detection Approaches for Suburban Area." In Intelligent Information and Database Systems, 782–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49390-8_76.

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Uchida, Kazunori, Keisuke Shigetomi, Masafumi Takematsu, and Junich Honda. "An Estimation Method for Amplitude Modification Factor Using Floor Area Ratio in Urban Areas." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 101–9. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6996-0_11.

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Cui, Zhen-Dong. "Floor Area Ratio ANFIS Model Affected by Causes of Land Subsidence." In Land Subsidence Induced by the Engineering-Environmental Effect, 193–216. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8040-1_9.

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Ota, Akira, Hiroshi Takahashi, and Toshiyuki Kaneda. "Factor Analysis of Rent Using Space Syntax Measures: Comparative Analysis by Building Use around Shibuya Station." In New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives, 237–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8848-8_16.

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AbstractThe determinants of residential, office and commercial rent are each analyzed by taking the 10 min walking distance area around Shibuya Station in Tokyo as the research target area. Conventional physical and quantitative factors such as distance from the nearest station, the width of the frontal road, age of the building, the number of floors, total floor area, contracted floor area, building structure etc. are included in the multiple-regression analysis as well as qualitative factors such as the visible area representing visibility on a main street and the integration value representing street network centrality—easy accessibility from other locations such as any intersection points—based on the space syntax measures (SS measures) used in the analysis by Jake Desyllas from University College of London. It is shown that both SS measures affect the rent for all the residential, office and commercial uses with the statistically significant level of 5%. It is quantitatively confirmed that the residential rent increases in a secluded location, and the office and commercial rent rise in a location with high street network centrality and good access, which would suggest that the SS measures are crucial important rent factors for residential, offices, and commercial uses in other places in Japan.
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Specht, Dieter, and Frank Fehler. "Groupwork in the shop-floor-area needs decentral CIM-structures and components." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 506–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60286-0_117.

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Lauterbach, C., A. Steinhage, and A. Techmer. "A Large-Area Sensor System Underneath the Floor for Ambient Assisted Living Applications." In Pervasive and Mobile Sensing and Computing for Healthcare, 69–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32538-0_3.

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Yu, Guoqing, Zhuzheng Diao, and Zhaoji Gu. "Research of Personalized Heating by Radiant Floor Panels in Hot Summer–Cold Winter Area." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 61–70. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9524-6_7.

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Toyoda, Shin, Debabrata Banerjee, Hidenori Kumagai, Junichi Miyazaki, Jun-ichiro Ishibashi, Nobutatsu Mochizuki, and Shigeaki Kojima. "Gamma Ray Doses in Water Around Sea Floor Hydrothermal Area in the Southern Mariana Trough." In Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems, 603–6. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54865-2_46.

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Li, Xinyan, and Lei Miao. "The Study on Spatial Distribution of Floor Area Ratio Based-on Kriging——The Case of Wuhan City." In Geo-Informatics in Resource Management and Sustainable Ecosystem, 538–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45737-5_53.

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Conference papers on the topic "A floor area"

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Nguyen, Stephanie, Douglas Dow, and Michelle Nguyen. "ALGORITHM TO DETECT EPISOIDES OF FALLING BASED ON A GRID OF FLOOR SENSORS." In 8th International Conference on Body Area Networks. ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/icst.bodynets.2013.253717.

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Hudson, E. J., P. Reynolds, and D. Nyawako. "Active Vibration Control of a Multi-Panel Floor Area." In Structures Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413357.219.

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Wang, Chengyi, Jianglin Ma, and Fuyuan Liang. "Floor Area Ratio extraction based on Airborne Laser Scanning data over urban areas." In IGARSS 2010 - 2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2010.5654133.

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Xiaoliang Cheng, Bo Meng, Mengdi Han, Mayue Shi, and Haixia Zhang. "Floor-based large-area triboelectric generator for active security monitoring." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.2015.7066535.

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De Carvalho da Costa, Bruno Luis, and Fabiene Cristina De Carvalho da Costa. "High-capacity transport, floor area ratio and its relationship with urbanization of metropolitan areas." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.3762.

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Most of the world’s population lives in urban areas (54%). Near 42% of the global urban population live in cities with more than 1 million inhabitants, where problems associated with urban sprawl such as informal settlement, social-economic changes, environmental degradation and deficient high-capacity transport (HCT) systems are common. Meanwhile, urbanization and its associated transportation infrastructure define the relationship between city and countryside, between the city’s inner core and the periphery, between the citizen and his right to move. This article discusses and presents an overview about the relationship between the planning and extension of HCT systems and urban planning, (in the figure of the floor-area ratio - FAR- prescribed in regulations). The methodological approach consists of drawing a conceptual framework and studying 33 different cities of metropolitan areas on five continents. It’s noticed that areas in cities with a high construction potential but with an insufficient HCT negatively influence in urban mobility and hence the right to the city. We consider right to the city the various social and fundamental rights that, among others, includes the right to public transportation. Therefore there’s a real need of an integrated approach of community participation, FAR distribution, urban planning and transportation planning and so that urbanization, inevitable these days, takes place in a fair and harmonious way.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3762
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Liao, Banggu, Xuepei Han, and Jianggang Xu. "Estimating floor area ratio based on SRTM3 and land use data." In Geoinformatics 2007, edited by Jingming Chen and Yingxia Pu. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.761932.

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Tsai, Hung-Kai, Kai-Way Li, and Ching-Chung Chen. "Effects of footwear sample area on the friction coefficient on the floor." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2015.7385664.

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Chen, Jieping, Xianjuan Kong, Gongli Li, and Yufei Li. "Locaiton of public service facilities based on inversion calculation of floor area ratio." In 2011 19th International Conference on Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/geoinformatics.2011.5981025.

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Ali, Wael H., Manmeet S. Bhabra, Pierre F. J. Lermusiaux, Andrew March, Joseph R. Edwards, Katherine Rimpau, and Paul Ryu. "Stochastic Oceanographic-Acoustic Prediction and Bayesian Inversion for Wide Area Ocean Floor Mapping." In OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/oceans40490.2019.8962870.

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Alharthi, Abdullah S., and Krikor B. Ozanyan. "Deep Learning for Ground Reaction Force Data Analysis: Application to Wide-Area Floor Sensing." In 2019 IEEE 28th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie.2019.8781511.

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Reports on the topic "A floor area"

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Clausen, Jay, D. Moore, L. Cain, and K. Malinowski. VI preferential pathways : rule or exception. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41305.

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Trichloroethylene (TCE) releases from leaks and spills next to a large government building occurred over several decades with the most recent event occurring 20 years ago. In response to a perceived conventional vapor intrusion (VI) issue a sub-slab depressurization system (SSDS) was installed 6 years ago. The SSDS is operating within design limits and has achieved building TCE vapor concentration reductions. However, subsequent periodic TCE vapor spikes based on daily HAPSITE™ measurements indicate additional source(s). Two rounds of smoke tests conducted in 2017 and 2018 involved introduction of smoke into a sanitary sewer and storm drain manholes located on effluent lines coming from the building until smoke was observed exiting system vents on the roof. Smoke testing revealed many leaks in both the storm sewer and sanitary sewer systems within the building. Sleuthing of the VI source term using a portable HAPSITE™ indicate elevated vapor TCE levels correspond with observed smoke emanation from utility lines. In some instances, smoke odors were perceived but no leak or suspect pipe was identified suggesting the odor originates from an unidentified pipe located behind or enclosed in a wall. Sleuthing activities also found building roof materials explain some of the elevated TCE levels on the 2nd floor. A relationship was found between TCE concentrations in the roof truss area, plenum space above 2nd floor offices, and breathing zone of 2nd floor offices. Installation of an external blower in the roof truss space has greatly reduced TCE levels in the plenum and office spaces. Preferential VI pathways and unexpected source terms may be overlooked mechanisms as compared to conventional VI.
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Helaire, Lumas. Flood Dynamics in the Portland Metropolitan Area, Past, Present, and Future. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.7227.

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NSTec Environmental Management. Flood Assessment Area 3 Radioactive Waste Management Site, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/917993.

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Stockstill, Richard L. Truckee River Flood-Control Project, Truckee Meadows (Reno-Sparks Metropolitan Area), Nevada; Hydraulic Model Investigation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada259038.

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Marion, D. A. Predicted high-water elevations for selected flood events at the Albert Pike Recreation Area, Ouachita National Forest. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-164.

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Marion, D. A. Predicted high-water elevations for selected flood events at the Albert Pike Recreation Area, Ouachita National Forest. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-164.

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Chen, K. F. Flood Hazard Recurrence Frequencies for C-, F-, E-, S-, H-, Y-, and Z-Areas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/14885.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Can women’s empowerment increase animal source food consumption in flood prone areas of Bangladesh? Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/1046080804.

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ARMY ENGINEER DISTRICT OMAHA NE. Non-Structural Flood Damage Reduction Within the Corps of Engineers: What Districts Are Doing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629409.

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MAKENAS, B. J. Data quality objectives for sampling of sludge from the K West and K East Basin floor and from other Basin areas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/9421.

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