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1
Sander, Ingo. "System Modeling and Design Refinement in ForSyDe." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3525.
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Advances in microelectronics allow the integration of more andmore functionality on a single chip. Emerging system-on-a-chiparchitectures include a large amount of heterogeneous componentsand are of increasing complexity. Applications using thesearchitectures require many low-level details in order to yield anefficient implementation. On the other hand constanttime-to-market pressure on electronic systems demands a shortdesign process that allows to model a system at a highabstraction level, not taking low-level implementation detailsinto account. Clearly there is a significant abstraction gapbetween an ideal model for specification and another one forimplementation. This abstraction gap has to be addressed bymethodologies for electronic system design.
This thesis presents the ForSyDe (Formal System Design)methodology, which has been developed with the objective to movesystem design to a higher level of abstraction and to bridge theabstraction gap by transformational design refinement. ForSyDe isbased on carefully selected formal foundations. The initialspecification model uses a synchronous model of computation,which separates communication from computation and has anabstract notion of time. ForSyDe uses the concept of processconstructors to implement the synchronous model, to allow fordesign transformation and the mapping of a refined model onto thetarget architecture. The specification model is refined into adetailed implementation model by the stepwise application ofwell-defined design transformation rules. These rules are eithersemantic preserving or they inflict a design decision modifyingthe semantics. These design decisions are used to introduce thelow-level implementation details that are needed for an efficientimplementation. The implementation model is mapped onto thecomponents of the target architecture. At present ForSyDe modelscan be mapped onto VHDL or C/C++ in order to allow commercialtools to generate custom hardware or sequential software. Thethesis uses a digital equalizer to illustrate the concepts andpotential of ForSyDe.
Electronic System Design, Hardware/Software Co-Design,Electrical Engineering
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Gutierrez, Robert. "The incarnation according to Peter Taylor Forsyth." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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Saw, Hlaing Bwa. "Thomas Forsyth Torrance : a bridge builder between theology and natural science /." Brno : Marek, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=010717443&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Leow, Theng Huat. "The theodicy of Peter Taylor Forsyth : a "crucial" justification of the ways of God to man." Thesis, St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/833.
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Wight, Georgina DeWeese, and Henri D. Grissino-Mayer. "Dendrochronological Dating of an Antebellum Period House, Forsyth County, Georgia, U.S.A." Tree-Ring Society, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/262616.
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We examined tree rings from cross-sections of shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) timbers extracted from a house in Forsyth County, Georgia, that was reportedly built in the mid-19th Century during the Antebellum Period (pre-1860). Our goals were to (1) determine the probable construction year for the house to help assess its possible historical significance, and (2) create a new long-term reference chronology for the northern Georgia area where such chronologies are lacking. Sections of shortleaf pine were removed from the structure during a renovation project in 2001. Sixteen sections were used to build a floating tree-ring chronology 217 years in length from series that crossdated conclusively with other series both graphically via skeleton plots and statistically via COFECHA. We then statistically evaluated the probable absolute temporal placement of this chronology using several regional tree-ring chronologies from the southeastern U.S. A statistically significant (p , 0.0001) correlation between our chronology and a shortleaf pine chronology from Clemson, South Carolina, anchors our chronology between 1652–1868. Two missing rings are probable in the early portion of our chronology, but we currently do not have a sufficient number of samples to conclusively identify their exact placement. No cluster of outermost rings was found to support the reported construction date of 1851, although the outermost rings on 13 of 16 samples dated before 1851. This new chronology could aid further dating of wood from archaeological sites and historical structures, and establish an initial data set that could eventually provide important new insights about the climate of northern Georgia during the 17th–19th Centuries.
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Widdicombe, David William. "Theology and experience : methodological issues in the theology of P.T. Forsyth." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365521.
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Kim, Moonjin Kyung-In. "Thomas Forsyth Torrance's trinitarian model of revelation a review and critique /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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Faught, Barbara A. "P. T. Forsyth: An early twentieth century theology of the cross." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7634.
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Heltzel, Peter Goodwin. "Perichoresis in the trinitarian theology of Thomas F. Torrance." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Samms, Daniel Christopher. "Incarnation and the nature of miracle Thomas Forsyth Torrance's view of the Incarnation /." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2008. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
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Kirby, Richard. "The theological definition of cosmic disorder : in the writings of Thomas Forsyth Torrance." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249877.
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La, Taille Jean de 1533?-1611 or 12, E. C. (Elliott Christopher) 1924 Forsyth, and des textes francais modernes (Paris France) Societe. "Tragedies, Saul le furieux ; La Famine, ou les Gabeonites : Edition critique / par Elliott Forsyth." Paris: Societe des textes francais modernes, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/38643.
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Includes facsim of 1572 imprint of first title; and of 1573 imprint of second title.Also submitted by the editor as part of application for candidature for the degree of Doctor of Letters, University of Adelaide, School of Humanities, Discipline of European Studies and Linguistics, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 169-174) and index.
lxxix, [183] p.:
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
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McCurdy, Leslie Charles. "Attributes and atonement : the holy love of God in the theology of P.T. Forsyth." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU059948.
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The noted British theologian P.T. Forsyth (1848-1921) used the distinctive expression 'holy love' to refer to God's nature, and found the words especially useful in delineating a doctrine of the atonement that stressed the harmony of the love and holiness of God. An introductory chapter provides the historical context for what follows. It outlines the history of this expression in nineteenth-century theology, traces its emergence in Forsyth's writings, and notes a significant parallel with his own theological conversion. A survey of the literature related to the thesis topic is provided in a separate chapter. Forsyth's religious epistemology, and particularly his understanding of the possibility of a natural knowledge of God through conscience is examined. Building on this foundation, the subsequent chapter considers God's attributes revealed in Jesus Christ, and examines specific divine perfections in order to draw general conclusions. Forsyth makes a prominent place for God's love, but to focus on that love alone is theologically inadequate, leading to a loss of the transcendent and a merely exemplary doctrine of the atonement. An emphasis on holiness remedies this imbalance. As defined in Christ, such holiness is a key feature of the atonement, which Forsyth interprets as an atoning sacrifice, made by the sinless and obedient Son, who acknowledged and satisfied the Father's holiness, from within the human context. According to Forsyth, there is no strife of attributes between God's saving love and God's judging holiness; rather, both are operative harmoniously in Christ's death. The holy love of God, seen in a trinitarian perspective, seeks and saves. When experienced by sinners, God's holy love is grace. A final chapter considers the future of holy love, both historically in the period 1921-1993, and theologically as to its usefulness and importance.
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Bower, Keith Daniel. "Scientific epistemology in the theological method of Thomas F. Torrance." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.
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Vicchio, Stephen J. "The problem of evil : with special reference to P.T. Forsyth, John Wisdom and Ludwig Wittgenstein." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2826.
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Chapter one begins with a definition and exposition of the concept of theodicy, and a topology for characterizing comparative theodicies is suggested. It is argued that the basis on which theodicies might be compared is the foundational ontological principles on which they are built. Chapter two is a lengthy discussion regarding the meaning of terms such as omnipotence omniscience omnibenevolence, moral evil and natural evil. Chapter three begins with a critical analysis of a variety of theodicies found throughout the history of Christian theology. The final conclusion drawn in this chapter is that none of the proposed answers is acceptable. Acceptability is measured in three important ways: First, is the position logically consistent, second, does it conform, at least in a broad way, to the major tenents of the Christian form of life, and third, does this position take the individual sufferer seriously? In chapter four a foundation is laid for a response to the problem of evil which is to follow in chapter five. In this penultimate chapter an analysis of the Book of Job is offered which centers on the interpretation of Yahweh's speeches out of the whirlwind. It is suggested that the crux of Jobs repentance is to be understood in connection with Job "seeing God." In chapter five, an attempt is made, using the help of Karl Barth, D. M. Mackinnon, P. T. Forsyth, Ludwig Wittgenstein and John Wisdom, as well as some insights gained from chapter four, to argue that there is a teleological response to the problem of evil that is logically consistent, true to the Christian form of life and sensitive to the needs of the individual sufferer.
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Goroncy, Jason Alexander. "Hallowed be Thy name : the sanctification of all in the soteriology of Peter Taylor Forsyth." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1983.
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This essay explores whether the notion of ‘hallowing’ provides a profitable lens through which to read and evaluate the soteriology of British theologian P.T. Forsyth, and it suggests that the hallowing of God’s name is, for Forsyth, the way whereby God both justifies himself and claims creation for divine service. It proposes that reading Forsyth’s corpus as essentially an exposition of the first petition of the Lord’s Prayer is an invitation to better comprehend not only his soteriology but also, by extension, his broader theological vision and interests. Chapters One and Two are concerned with questions of methodology, and with placing Forsyth in the social context of his day, with introducing the theological landscape and grammar from which he expounds his notion of reality as fundamentally moral, and with identifying some of the key but neglected voices that inform such a vision. Chapter Three explores the principal locale wherein the first petition of the Lord’s Prayer is answered: in Jesus Christ, whose confession of holiness ‘from sin’s side’ justifies God, destroys sin and creates a new humanity. Chapter Four examines Forsyth’s moral anthropology – specifically, the self-recovery of holiness in the human conscience – and considers holiness’ shape in the life of faith. Chapter Five inquires whether Forsyth’s theology of hallowing finally requires him to embrace dogmatic universalism, and identifies what problems might attend his failure to so do and consequently threaten to undermine his soteriological program.
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Habets, Michael, and n/a. "�The danger of vertigo� : an evaluation and critique of Theosis in the theology of Thomas Forsyth Torrance." University of Otago. Department of Theology and Religious Studies, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070508.120857.
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The Christian tradition, both East and West, has developed various models and theories of the atonement as explanations of what it means to speak of the reconciling activity of God in Christ. Central to these has been the claim that God has reconciled the world to himself in Christ. One way of testifying to the reconciling love of God has been the adoption of the metaphor theosis (�divinization�, �deification�) as an explanation of salvation. While central to Eastern Orthodoxy, a doctrine of theosis also has a rich tradition within Western, especially Reformed theology. The Reformed theologian, Thomas Forsyth Torrance, represents an attempt to construct a soteriology that incorporates both Eastern and Western models of the atonement around the controlling metaphor of theosis. A close reading of his theology presents a robust and clearly articulated doctrine of theosis as a key way of expressing God�s reconciling activity in Christ. As the true Man and the last Adam, Christ represents the arche and telos of human existence, the one in whose image all humanity has been created and into whose likeness all humanity is destined to be transformed from glory to glory. Through the Incarnation the Son becomes human without ceasing to be divine, to unite humanity and divinity together and effect a �deification� of human nature, mediated to men and women who are said to be �in Christ� by the work of the Holy Spirit. By means of a �wonderful exchange� Christ takes what is ours and gives us what is his. For Torrance, this is the heart of atonement. The goal of humanity is worship, something Torrance defines as the gift of participating through the Spirit in the incarnate Son�s communion with the Father. The locus of worship, and thus of theosis, is the church, the communion of saints created by the fellowship of the Holy Spirit. Throughout Torrance�s doctrines of creation, anthropology, incarnation, reconciliation, and pneumato-ecclesiology, the concept of theosis plays a central and constitutive role in explaining a Christian theology of salvation. Theosis is thus foundational to Torrance�s theology and is one way in which he holds together in systematic fashion his diverse theological oeuvre.
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Su, Jiunnfu. "Co co nut /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10126.
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McIntosh, Olivia. "Fostering Community Awareness of Urban Agriculture in Savannah| The Cases of Savannah Urban Garden Alliance and Forsyth Farmer's Market." Thesis, Savannah State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1537008.
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Urban Agriculture (UA) is addressing problems associated with the degradation of human and environmental health. Organizations whose missions include offering programs and services which support local UA activities are essential for fostering community awareness and garnering participation. This study attempts to discover how the Savannah Urban Garden Alliance and the Forsyth Farmers Market are fostering awareness of UA in Savannah. Secondly, to identify obstacles which hinder these organizations from effectively carrying out their missions. Lastly to provide a tool box for planning purposes which will encourage the necessary involvement of municipal and institutional leadership.
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Forsyth, E. C. (Elliott Christopher) 1924. "La justice de Dieu : Les Tragiques d'Agrippa d'Aubigne et la Reforme protestante en France au XVIe siecle / Elliott Forsyth." Paris : H. Champion, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/38642.
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Also submitted by the author as part of application for candidature for the degree of Doctor of Letters, University of Adelaide, School of Humanities, Discipline of European Studies and Linguistics, 2006.Includes bibliographical references and index.
564 p. ;
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
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Harris, Darin S. "Polishing cornerstones Tift College, Georgia Baptists' separate college for women /." Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/eps_diss/42/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed July 13, 2010) Philo A. Hutcheson, committee chair; Deron Boyles, Sheryl Gowen, Wayne J. Urban, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 197-208).
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Rankin, William Duncan. "Carnal union with Christ in the theology of T.F. Torrance." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10617.
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This thesis examines and critiques the doctrine of carnal union with Christ in the theology of Scottish theologian Thomas Forsyth Torrance. Torrance's teaching on union with Christ in general and carnal or incarnational union with Christ in particular is unfolded within the wider context of his christocentric dogmatics and its genetic development. Extensive use is made of Torrance's unpublished Auburn and New College lectures on the subject. The teachings of Athanasius, Calvin, and Barth on union with Christ, since Torrance professes such a great debt to their influence on his own thought in this area, are also surveyed, and lines of continuity and discontinuity with Torrance's teaching are traced. I demonstrate that, although developed from a variety of historical sources and not so readily seen from his published works, a unique development of the ancient theological couplet of anhypostasia and enhypostasia exists at the heart of Torrance's christology. This couplet lies behind Torrance's understanding of the person of Christ and his union with humankind. He develops his doctrine of carnal union with Christ under these twin rubrics of anhypostasia and enhypostasia. I contend that while Torrance seeks to resolve the tension between these juxtaposed categories, it is not clear that he has adequately resolved the antithesis. Part of the tension is due to a lacuna in the anhypostatic rubric. Specifically, the abbreviated version of salvation history for carnal union with Christ that Torrance develops from the nonassumptus is less overtly trinitarian than that of its enhypostatic counterpart. I demonstrate that Torrance's doctrine of carnal union with Christ omits clear reference to the role of the Holy Spirit in this anhypostatic aspect of the incarnation, creating confusion in the minds of critics over the relevance of both the Holy Spirit and human response in Torrance's theology. This lacuna begs clarification in a theology that is otherwise known as overtly trinitarian. Furthermore, I contend that Torrance's doctrine of carnal union with Christ introduces an element of contingent necessity into the nature of the incarnation. Torrance's construction demands that God must incarnate in just this way, setting up a carnal union with Christ that includes all humankind in its universal range, because the Logos who assumes humanity is the creator: Christ is not only a man but Man. I argue this contingent necessity endangers the freedom of God and truncates the voluntary nature of Christ's person and work, as well as valid human response, in the anhypostatic rubric. Because of these potential difficulties, clarification beyond mere appeal to the other juxtaposed category of enhypostasia is required. Thus, I conclude that it is not acceptable for Torrance to leave doubt about either the significance of the Holy Spirit or human response in even one strand of his theological tapestry.
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Casimir, Lindholm Agnes. "Alla ensembler är en grupp människor : Musiklärares syn på arbetet med gruppdynamik i elevensembler." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Musikhögskolan Ingesund, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-28926.
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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka, beskriva och analysera musiklärares syn på sitt arbete med gruppdynamik i ensembleundervisning inom olika musikgenrer. Metoden som har använts för att uppnå detta är kvalitativa intervjuer enligt hermeneutisk metod samt analyser. Analyserna utgår från teoretiska perspektiv hämtade från Lewin, Forsyth och Blumer och används för att definiera informanternas syn på ensembler samt beskriva hur olika faktorer påverkar varandra när det gäller dynamik i grupper. Resultatet handlar om hur informanterna definierar grupperna de leder och därigenom vad de anser skapar en grupp. Det handlar även om vilken energi som finns i en grupp, hur informanterna går till väga för att fånga gruppen i stunden samt varför de anser det vara viktigt och hur gruppers sammansättning påverkar gruppdynamiken och lärandesituationen. Sammanfattningen av analysen genom Lewins formel gav bland annat att energin i grupper har en framträdande roll för informanterna, till exempel hur någon(-s) energi påverkar annan(-s) energi. Lärare och elevers dagsform gör att de påverkar på olika sätt samt är olika mycket mottagliga, och att det aldrig går att förutse hur en grupplektion kommer att bli. Analysen genom Lewins formel visar också i informanternas svar att ensemblen är beroende av sammansättningen av elever, vilka elever som kom just den dagen, och vad de varit med om. Lärarens jobb är att kunna hantera situationen i stunden och vara beredd på föränderligheten.The purpose of this study is to explore, describe and analyze the views of music teachers and their work with group dynamics in student ensembles in various musical genres. The applied method in this study is qualitative interviews according to phenomenological methodology and analysis. The theoretical perspectives are taken from Lewin, Forsyth and Blumer, and are used to define the perspectives of the informants regarding ensembles and how they affect each other regarding group dynamics. The result appertains to how the informants define the groups they are leading, and thus what they consider creates a group. It is also about the energy contained in a group, how the informants are capturing the group at a particular moment and why they believe this is important and how the make-up of a group affects the group dynamics and the learning situation. The summary of the analysis by Lewin's formula states that the energy of the groups have a prominent role for the informants, such as how some/someone’s energy affects another/another’s energy. The emotional state of teachers and students make an impact in different ways and are also affected in various ways, and that it is impossible to predict how a group lesson will be. The analysis by Lewin's formula related to the result also indicates that the ensemble depends on the composition of students. Which students who came that day, and in which mental state they are. The teacher's duty is to handle the situation at hand, and be prepared for the unexpected.
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Hodboď, Tomáš. "" Co..."." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta výtvarných umění, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232308.
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Moorthiyedath, Sajeev. "Surface characterization of Rh-Co, Ru-Co and Pd-Co bimetallic catalysts." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-07032003-131340.
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Sanders, Matthew Lee. "Subordinate but equal : the intra-Trinitarian subordination of the Son to the Father in the theologies of P. T. Forsyth and Jürgen Moltmann." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1440.
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In the New Testament and in the early church fathers’ writings, the Son is understood to be ontologically equal to the Father and subordinate to him. Whether understood as ingenerate-generate, sender-sent, commanded-obedient, subordination shows the distinction between the Father and Son. As seen in church history, minimizing these distinctions can lead to modalism and pressing them too far leads to Arianism. In the Bible, obedience or subordination does not mean ontologically inferior. Rather, obedience results from faith and love. Although some fathers connected obedience to Christ’s humanity, they were doing so while rejecting the Arian argument that the Son’s obedience meant he was ontologically inferior. They affirmed the voluntary obedience of the Son as an expression of his love for the Father and rejected any sense of coercion or determinism. The doctrine of the eternal generation of the Son from the Father’s ousia held together the equality and subordination of the Son to the Father. Beginning with Christ’s atoning work rather than metaphysics, P. T. Forsyth and Jürgen Moltmann believe that the Son’s obedience is crucial for the atonement to be the free act of grace of the Sovereign God. Because of this, the Son’s obedience must be divine, and thus eternal. Otherwise, the obedience would be from Christ’s humanity, and humanity would contribute in inappropriate ways to the atonement. They also believe that subordination, obedience, humility, and servanthood complete the understanding of divine love. The unity provided by the same divine love is expressed according to the particularity of the Person. In the Trinitarian relationship, the Son’s eternal obedience is his free response to the Father. Here subordination is not oppression, but perfect love freely given to the perfect Lover. This fuller conception of divine love that a proper emphasis on obedience affords has great potential to help Trinitarain theology contribute to the elimination of oppression and the improvement of human relationships and to do so in a manner consistent with the biblical witness.
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Rodrigues, Virgínia Silva. "Co-módulos primos e co-álgebras primas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/5829.
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Seja C uma co-álgebra. Consideremos o anel de convolução C*, que é a álgebra dual de C. Dado um co-módulo à direita (resp. à esquerda) sobre C é possível definir um C*-módulo à esquerda (resp. à direita) racional. Nesta tese, estudamos as noções correspondentes dos conceitos de primos, fortemente primos, semiprimos e fortemente semiprimos, que são encontrados na literatura em [2], [3], [4], [13] e [17], para co-módulos. A noção do conceito de primo é obtida também para co-álgebras. Mostramos que uma co-álgebra C é prima se, e somente se, C é uma co-álgebra simples.
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MacLean, Stanley Stephen. "The eschatological orientation in the early theology of Thomas F. Torrance, 1939-1963." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42279.
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Thomas F. Torrance (1913- 2007) is recognised as one of the foremost theologians of the twentieth century. Eschatology occupies a very significant place in his theology, although scholars interested in his work have paid little attention to this fact, focusing instead on his methodology. This thesis not only brings Torrance's eschatology to light through an exploration of his sermons, correspondence, lectures and short writings, it shows that it is a central component of his early theology, uncovering an eschatological orientation in his treatment of various Christian doctrines. It also takes cognizance of the fact that this eschatology is shaped by such events as WWII, the spread Clf communism, the modern eschatological debate and the world- wide ecumenical movement. Torrance's eschatology seeks to recapture, on the basis of a high Christology, the New Testament tension between the present realization of the Kingdom of God and the future consummation of it. In contrast to many contemporary eschatologies, Torrance's eschatology is apocalyptic, ecclesial and ecumenical. It is unique too in its attempt to do justice to the humanity of Christ and to the interrelation of the doctrines of creation and redemption.Thomas F. Torrance (1913 - 2007) est reconnu comille l'un des principaux theologiens du XXe siecle. L'eschatologie occupe une place importante dans sa theologie, bien que les chercheurs interesses par ses travaux ont porte peu d'attention a ce fait, se concentrant plutot sur sa methodologie. Cette these apporte non seulement l'eschatologie de Torrance a la lumiere a travers une exploration de ses sermons, sa correspondance, ses conferences et de courts ecrits, elle demontre aussi qu'elle est un element central des debuts de sa theologie, devoilant une orientation eschatologique dans son traitement des differente doctrines chretiennes. Elle prend egalement connaissance du fait que cette eschatologie est faconnee par des evenements comme la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la propagation du communisme, Ie debat eschatologique mod erne et Ie mouvement recumenique mondial. L'eschatologie de Torrance cherche a retrouver, sur la base d'une haute christologie, la tension neotestamentaire entre la realisation actuelle du Royaume de Dieu et son accomplissement futur. Contrairement a de nombreuses eschatologies, on decouvre chez Torrance une eschatologie qui est apocalyptique, ecclesiale et recumenique. Elle est aussi remarquable pour sa tentative de rendre justice a l'humanite du Christ et de l'interdependance des doctrines de la creation et de la redemption. fr
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Woodward, Craig Allan. "Development of chironomid-based transfer functions for surface water quality parameters and temperature, and their application to Quaternary sediment records from the South Island, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1380.
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This thesis resulted in the development of robust chironomid-based transfer-functions for February mean air temperature and the concentration of total nitrogen (TN) in lake-water. The New Zealand transfer-functions for both variables compare favourably with chironomid-based transfer-functions for equivalent variables from elsewhere in the world, and diatom-based transfer-functions for nutrients and lake production from New Zealand. The application of the temperature and TN transfer-functions provided insight into New Zealand climate conditions during the last glacial and served as validation for the reconstructions. Chironomid-based Temperature reconstructions from lake silts preserved in the banks of Lyndon Stream indicate a maximum cooling of ca 4 ℃ between 26.6 and 24.5 ka BP, which is consistent with estimates based on beetles and plant macrofossils. A cooling of 4 ℃ is insufficient to explain the lack of canopy tree pollen in many New Zealand pollen records at this time. Other environmental parameters additional to temperature may have limited the expansion forest cover. The chironomid-based TN reconstructions infer a trend of rapidly deteriorating water-quality in a small doline in north-west Nelson, in the South Island of New Zealand following deforestation immediately surrounding the lake ca. 1970 AD. The overall trend and timing of eutrophication inferred from the chironomids was consistent with other biological proxies and actual observations of changes in lake water quality. The chironomid-based transfer-functions provide a valuable new tool for the study of longterm climate variability and improving our understanding of the response of aquatic ecosystems to long-term natural and human induced environmental change in New Zealand lakes. I have identified some possibilities for future research which should improve the performance of these transfer-functions. The improvement of the chironomid taxonomy and the expansion of the training set should be the highest priorities.
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Chaplits, Alexei. "Cosmic redemption and the incarnation of Christ in the writings of Georges V. Florovsky and Thomas F. Torrance." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p006-1495.
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MENY, CHRISTIAN. "Etude de multicouches magnetiques par rmn : methodologie et application aux systemes co/cu, co/cr, co/ru et co/fe." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR13037.
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Nous avons etabli une procedure originale de mesure et d'analyse des spectres de resonance magnetique nucleaire en champ nul de materiaux ferromagnetiques (fnr). La methodologie developpee consiste en la determination en tout point du spectre de l'effet d'augmentation du a la susceptibilite magnetique des electrons; ceci permet l'etablissement de spectres dont les intensites relatives des raies sont reellement proportionnelles au nombre d'atomes presents dans chaque environnement. On peut alors, par fnr, aborder quantitativement les aspects structuraux des materiaux magnetiques (analyse de melanges de phases, etude de diagrammes de phases ou de parametres d'ordre a courte distance) comme dans les autres domaines de la rmn. De plus la methode apporte simultanement des informations sur la durete magnetique locale des echantillons, jusqu'a present inexploitees, qui peuvent etre confrontees aux resultats structuraux. Cette nouvelle methodologie a ete plus particulierement appliquee a l'analyse de multicouches magnetiques a base de co (co/cu, co/cr, co/ru et co/fe). La structure cristallographique des parties massives des couches de co a ete determinee (melange des phases cfc, hc et cc) et grace a l'utilisation de modeles la nanostructure des interfaces (ordre a courte distance et morphologie) a ete analysee. Cela a enfin permis d'etablir des correlations entre structure des echantillons et d'une part procedes de fabrication et d'autre part proprietes magnetiques
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Ulbrich, Till. "Co, Pd- und Co, Pt-Schichtsysteme auf Partikelmonolagen." Berlin dissertation.de, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989281876/04.
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Boyd, Michelle. "Co-teaching: Perceptions of Urban, Secondary Co-Teachers." W&M ScholarWorks, 2013. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539618511.
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Co-teaching has been used to address access and accountability mandates for students with disabilities. Despite research regarding elements needed for co-teaching success, research shows mixed results regarding co-teaching effectiveness as it relates to student achievement. Given that teachers are the most influential school-related factor vis-a-vis student achievement, this quantitative study, utilizing a cross-sectional survey design, was employed to gain additional information regarding urban, secondary co-teacher perceptions of co-teaching. to that end the Co-teacher Perceptions Survey was administered to 95 middle and high school co-teachers in an urban school district situated in eastern Virginia. Results of this study indicate that successful co-teachers have higher perceptions of co-teaching, co-teacher philosophy and co-planning than unsuccessful co-teachers. Successful co-teachers also have different perceived use of co-teaching models than unsuccessful co-teachers as they use station and alternative teaching more often than their unsuccessful counterparts. However, no differences were noted in co-teacher perceptions for the following subgroups: general and special education co-teachers, middle and high school co-teachers, novice and veteran co-teachers, and voluntary and non-voluntary co-teachers. Implications for practice include ensuring both co-teachers are held equally responsible for student performance in co-taught classes and incorporating co-planning time in the master schedule with high expectations for deliverables from the co-planning process.
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Janovský, Stanislav. "Ekonomie zdravotnictví: Co nás zabíjí a co uzdravuje?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-163965.
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This study deals with the health production function. It analyzes the impact of health care, socioeconomic, lifestyle and environmental factors on the mortality and life expectancy of the population of the Czech Republic. The analysis is made by linear regressions with time series data for the period from 1993 to 2011. Health care is measured by health care expenditures or by non-monetary indicators, the number of doctors and the consumption of pharmaceuticals. The results show that higher health care expenditures increase the mortality and reduce life expectancy. On the other hand higher number of doctors and higher consumption of pharmaceuticals improve the health status of the population. It may indicate inefficiency and corruption in health sector. Important factors that positively influence health are wealth, education and fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking affects health negatively. The results suggest that health care policy should focus not only on effective allocation of health care expenditures but also on lifestyle and socioeconomic status of the population. The limits of this work are short time series which don't allow the use of the lagged explanatory variables.
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Evans, Meaghan Terese. "Co-habitate." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/evans/EvansM0509.pdf.
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Cera, Flávia Letícia Biff. "Co-lateral." Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/89597.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-graduação em LiteraturaMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T23:58:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 247573.pdf: 911708 bytes, checksum: 2fde81da16a15e00ff99f3232d990d63 (MD5)
Hélio Oiticica e Ferréz nos apresentam o marginal em dois momentos decisivos. O primeiro encontra os "labirintos" em plena época de remoção das favelas, quando se tentava impedir o contato através do isolamento, época que coincide com o Golpe de 1964. Já Ferréz vive na extensão do estado de exceção e reivindica o título de literatura marginal, definida como "Aquela que vem da margem. De marginal, mesmo, até de cara que já roubou, que já passou pela vida". O marginal, nesta pesquisa, aparece cindido em duas concepções: a que mantém a relação com o centro, que chamamos de efeito colateral, e outra que suspende a relação. Partindo destas, leremos as proposições de Oiticica que se vinculam à favela de forma direta, sobretudo as da década de 1960: Éden, Barracão, Parangolé, Apocalipopótese, Mundo-Abrigo (década de 1970) e, com as referências a Cara de Cavalo e ao anti-herói anônimo. No que diz respeito à literatura marginal, trabalhamos em um primeiro momento com os dois romances inaugurais deste movimento, a saber, Cidade de Deus de Paulo Lins e Capão Pecado de Ferréz. Do efeito ao afeto, do colateral ao co-lateral, este percurso nos mostra o desafio que é pensar a vida, uma vez que só é possível pensá-la na margem, neste limiar que é um campo de batalha onde a vida se depara constantemente com o poder. Esta margem, no entanto, enquanto linha de fuga, não aparecerá necessariamente caracterizada pelos extremos, embora, como dissemos, orbite em torno da favela (que também não está necessariamente nas margens), mas sim como uma suspensão da relação entre limite e centro. Um limiar. The "marginal man" is presented by Hélio Oiticica and Ferréz in two decisive moments. Oiticica seeks the "labyrinths" in a period that, coinciding with the coup of 1964, is characterized by the prohibition of contact (by means of isolation), by the removing the "favelas" (slums). On the other side, Ferréz lives in the extension of the state of exception and reclaims the title of marginal literature, defined as "that (literature) which comes from the margin. Marginal, indeed, even dude that has already stolen that has been a criminal". The "marginal", in this research, appears broken in two conceptions: one that maintains itself in relation to a center, which we choose to call "collateral damage", and one which suspends that relation. With both these conceptions, we will try to read those of Oiticica's propositions which concerns to the slums in a direct form, specially, those of the 1960s: Éden, Barracão, Parangolé, Apocalipopótese, Mundo-Abrigo (this one from the 1970s) and also those related to Cara de Cavalo and to the anonymous anti-hero. We also worked on the two novels that inaugurate marginal literature: Cidade de Deus, written by Paulo Lins and Capão Pecado, by Ferréz. From effect to affection, from collateral to co-lateral, our path attempts to show that life is only thinkable in the margins, in this threshold that is a battlefield where life collides constantly with power. This margin, however, doesn't, in our research, appear necessarily characterized by the extremes, even if, as we said, the slum is its gravitational point, but as a suspension of the relation between center and limit: a threshold.
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Xu, Wei. "Co-Exist." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79701.
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Chinese urban villages which have grown over time have difficulty to operate as a healthy urban environment. As a consequence, residents are often forced to move to the boundary of the city although many prefer its narrow streets and the informality of life.
This thesis proposes a modern infrastructural architecture to collaborate with the fabric of the urban village and infuse the environment with new possibilities and potentials.Master of Architecture
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Rosa, Patrícia Isabel Batarda Caldeira. "Co-existir." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21835.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura com a especialização em Arquiteturainsuficiência na capacidade de alojamento em Portugal. Estudos recentes apontam não só aumento de novos portugueses, pelo saldo migratório, como das solicitações de acolhimento que, em 2019 contabilizam, pelo menos, 15 mil camas, sendo 10 mil situadas em Lisboa. Por ser a região com maior notoriedade nas pesquisas, este trabalho procurou compreender a realidade especificamente em Lisboa. Através das investigações sobre o publico alvo dos pedidos, nota-se que grande parte e¨ composta por estudantes e jovens adultos. Outro aspeto observado foi a tendência na escolha das periferias de Lisboa como destino para moradia. A principal razão para esse movimento advém do alto custo de vida atual na Grande Lisboa. Essa, que além de acomodar o aumento do turismo e a abertura do mercado de arrendamento, comporta diversas faculdades e empresas. Sendo assim, o trabalho associa a necessidade de alojamento à procura da habitação comunitária e resulta na implementação de um complexo de habitação Co-living em Odivelas. Os modos de intervenção e as diretrizes projetuais perpassam conceitos como flexibilidade, versatilidade e coexistência.
ABSTRACT:The constant growth in the number of immigrants highlights and warns of a condition of insufficient accommodation capacity in Portugal. Recent studies point not only to the increase in new Portuguese, due to the migratory balance, but also to requests for reception, which in 2019 account for at least 15 thousand beds, of which 10,000 are located in Lisbon. As this is the region with the most notoriety in research, this work tried to understand the reality specifically in Lisbon. Through investigations into the target audience of requests, it is noted that a large part is composed by students and young adults. Another aspect observed was the trend in choosing the peripheries of Lisbon as a destination for housing. The main reason for this movement comes from the current high costs of living in the center of Lisbon. This, which in addition to accommodating the increase in tourism and the opening of the rental market, includes several universities and companies. Thus, the work associates the need for accommodation with the demand for community housing and results in the implementation of a Co-living housing complex in Odivelas. Intervention modes and design guidelines permeate concepts such as flexibility, versatility and co-existence
N/A
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Savant, Deepa. "Multidimensional NMR studies of terpolymers poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate-co-carbon monoxide) and poly(ethylene-co-1-hexene-co-carbon monoxide)." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1153685162.
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Hagemeier, Nicholas E. "Naloxone: The State of Co-Prescribing and Co-Dispensing." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5425.
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Kim, K. A., Kevin K. Byon, and Charles W. Jones. "Value Co-creation and Co-destruction by Consumers Themselves." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3969.
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Thompson, Alexander W. J. "Multimode absorption spectroscopy of CO and CO₂ gas mixtures." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ebcb2031-1165-414e-88d8-69465bdaf291.
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The development of multimode absorption spectroscopy (MUMAS) for multi-species detec- tion and its potential for process control or environmental monitoring is reported. The simultaneous detection of CO and CO2 is demonstrated in a proof-of-principle experiment for applications in industrially relevant gas species monitoring. The technique of MUMAS is extended to the near infrared in order to detect these and other industrially relevant species. A laser was designed and constructed to emit a multimode spectrum in the region of 1.57um to take advantage of the spectral overlap of the second vibrational overtone of CO and the combination band 3ν1 + ν3 of CO2. The laser consisted of a semi-confocal cavity employing an Er:Yb glass chip as the gain medium. The laser was pumped by a 1W laser diode at 980nm and emitted up to 30mW in a bandwidth of 180GHz. The laser emitted between 6-10 modes depending upon the selective cavity length. Mode spacings varied between 18GHz to 33GHz with an individual mode linewidth of less than 8MHz. The laser modes were simultaneously scanned using a piezo-electric transducer (PZT) in order to modulate the cavity length at frequencies between 1Hz and 10Hz. A system for linearizing the MUMAS spectra with respect to frequency was devised based on a transmission spectra of a confocal Fabry-Perot etalon. Refinements to the MUMAS fitting code were developed to improve the computational efficiency. An initial demonstration of MUMAS on a known gas mixture of CO and CO2 was per- formed. The ratio of CO:CO2 concentrations in the gas mixture was measured with an accuracy of 0.4% which was within the supplier’s quoted uncertainty. MUMAS is then applied to the detection of CO and CO2 concentrations in exhaust gas produced by a 1.3 litre 4-cylinder turbo-charged spark ignition engine. Relative and absolute concentrations were derived from MUMAS signals and values compared to measurements using a 4-gas analyser. Concentrations of CO and CO2 were measured using MUMAS to a precision of 0.17% and 0.23% respectively compared to less than 0.1% for the 4-gas analyser. Ratios of CO and CO2 were determined with a precision of 0.28 using MUMAS compared to 0.11 with the 4-gas analyser. The detection limit of CO was found to be 1486ppm in these circumstances. Finally a discussion is presented of potential improvements arising from wavelength mod- ulation spectroscopy and cavity enhancement techniques.
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Kubacki, Michal Lukasz. "Co-pyrolysis and co-combustion of coal and biomass." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/274/.
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Sustainability, security of supply, and diversity, as well as economic competitiveness are key components of energy policy. There is increasingly stringent legislation on the environmental impact of energy production, and there is growing pressure to reduce not just NOx and SOx emissions, but also C02 emissions. For both heating and electricity production it is likely that the plants will need to be fuel-flexible and could use one or more of several different feedstocks, for example coal and biomass. When coal is co-utilized with biomass there is added attractiveness because the biomass is C02 neutral, and there is interest in using wood waste, short rotation woody crops (e. g. willow coppice), or herbaceous crops (e. g. Miscanthus), refuse and waste derived fuels, or wastes such as sewage sludge or chicken litter. The co-utilisation of coal and biomass for heat and/or energy production results in pollutant reduction. Most notable is the impact on the emission of NOx, SOx, volatile organic compounds and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. These latter compounds largely arise from their formation and release during incomplete combustion/gasification. There is evidence that co-firing or co-gasifying coal and biomass results in a significant decrease in the emission of these compared to coal alone. The synergistic activity observed for toxic organic emissions is not well understood and is thought to involve chemical interaction between the volatiles from each fuel coupled with possible catalytic activity from the inorganic constituents of the fuels. Laboratory scale data on synergies in co-pyrolysis is conflicting. Characterisation of co-pyrolysis products from coal and biomass pyrolysis has received limited attention and the data is conflicting. Therefore this thesis seeks to understand possible interactions occurring during co-combustion and co-pyrolysis of fuels and looks at a number of variables, including coal rank, biomass type (with different amounts of catalytic components), heating rate, residence time and the physical form of the fuels. A better understanding of the factors influencing non-additive interactions may lead to optimization of the blending process and minimisation of toxic organic emissions. This work is of particular relevance to fixed bed and fluidised bed processes where the bed temperature is ca. 1000 'C (or there is a temperature profile through the bed). In these cases particle heating and pyrolysis occurs relatively slowly and interactions between the volatiles can take place. While studying the co-pyrolysis, thermogravimetry, batch pyrolysis and pyroprobe-GC/(MS or FID) were used. In addition, apart from the traditionaltechniques, this study aimed to develop a new technique - heated wire mesh pyrolysis coupled to a GUMS via a probe, which can sample at varying heights from the pyrolysing fuel, and these findings were complemented by the pyrolysis-GC/MS studies of the fuels. These studies suggest that biomass type can lead to a small change of the rate of the coal pyrolysis. Thus, slight synergistic effects were seen for the TGA study, where co-pyrolysed coals in blends often had lower peak temperatures compared to the coal alone, and higher volatile matter yields were produced. Analysis of the gases evolved were consistent with higher gas yields. This effect was present for certain biomass (e. g. oat straw) even after minerals were removed, and so this is not purely the result of catalytic ash components. For combustion studies two techniques were applied. Low heating rate was obtained in a TGA analyser. The high heating rate experiments were performed on pellets exposed to the flame of Meker-type burner. This combustion process was recorded with a high speed frame video recording system. These studies showed that strong synergy can be observed. The TGA combustion revealed the importance of the catalytic elements, particularly potassium, and showed that, ignition of biomass char in the blend aids the ignition of the coal char. As a result, mixtures reach maximum temperatures faster, than seen for the separate fuels. In many cases though, the char burn-out of the blends lasted a similar time to the coals alone. The combustion tests of stationary pellets revealed no pattern for the ignition delay, but exposed strong synergy in volatile combustion, indicating that for pellets of untreated fuel blends the combustion events are dominated by the coal behaviour i. e. the addition of demineralised biomass to the pellet, made it burn in a very similar way to coal alone. The synergy observed in the organic emissions during the combustion of coal and biomass in small appliances is not simply due to interactions of hot volatiles from coal and biomass above the combustion bed. Co-pyrolysis studies suggest that biomass type can lead to a small effect on the rate of the coal pyrolysis, and on the total volatile matter released, but that there are no major changes in the nature of the volatiles. Combustion studies indicate that synergy stronger than seen for pyrolysis tests can be observed, and the coal ignites and burns at lower temperature as a result of the earlier ignition and combustion of the biomass. The overall combustion time is still dominated by the coal char burn-out. Thus, synergy in emission reduction in the co-utilisation of coal and biomass is not simply due to interactions of volatiles in the vapour phase, rather, the processes of pyrolysis and combustion are linked and as such need to be studied together.
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Ho, Man Kei. "A critical study on T.F. Torrance's theology of incarnation." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683219.
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Sterneland, Therese. "Thermodynamic Study of Co-Cr and C-Co-Cr Systems." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-418.
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An experimental investigation of the binary system Co-Cr and the ternary system C-Co-Cr has been carried out in the present thesis. The experimental strategy adopted for the binary system was to measure the thermodynamic activities of Cr, the molar heat capacity as function of time, the phase transformation temperatures with corresponding enthalpies, the Curie transition temperature as well as melting temperatures with corresponding enthalpies. In the ternary system the strategy was to determine the solubility of Co in the Cr7C3 phase as well as the C and Cr contents in the Co rich (fcc) binder phase. The experimental results were compared with atomistic simulations of the solubility of Co in the Cr7C3 phase. Solid state galvanic cell measurements were conducted with both ZrO2-7.5 mol % CaO and CaF2 as the solid electrolyte. In view of possible errors in the measurements with ZrO2-7.5 mol % CaO, as a result of electronic contributions to the conduction of the solid electrolyte, new measurements were conducted with CaF2 as the solid electrolyte. The results indicated that the measured EMF values showed trends which were contrary to the thermodynamic behaviour expected from phase diagram considerations. It was concluded that further detailed experimentation was necessary in order to throw more light on the thermodynamic behaviour of the Co-Cr system. Two different series of DSC measurements were conducted, i.e. one in an atmosphere of pure hydrogen and another in pure argon. In the first investigation, conducted in an atmosphere of pure hydrogen in the temperature interval 318-1660 K, evidence was obtained for the existence of a phase transformation around 900 K in the compositional range 20.7-67.1 wt.% Cr. No indications of such a phase transformation had earlier been seen. In the second investigation, conducted in an atmosphere of pure argon in the temperature interval 298-1823 K, special attention was given to alloys in the Co rich corner of the phase diagram, i.e. 0-10 wt.% Cr. This investigation verified earlier findings of a phase transformations around 900 K in the compositional range 20.7-67.4 wt.% Cr. The magnetic transition temperatures for alloys low in Cr content were also obtained. With the use of the DTA technique the melting temperatures with corresponding enthalpy values for alloys in the compositional range 0.9-7.7 wt.% Cr were obtained. The three-phase triangle fcc+Cr7C3+graphite was investigated at 1373 K, 1423 K and 1473 K. The obtained results showed that the solubility of cobalt in the Cr7C3 phase was significantly higher than previously predicted by thermodynamic calculations.QC 20100930
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Sterneland, Thérèse. "Thermodynamic study of Co-Cr and C-Co-Cr systems /." Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-418.
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Barinelli, Lucio Salvatore. "Addition of nucleophiles to [([eta]-diene)Co(CO)]BF complexes /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1988.
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Condry, Gregory D. "Co-ordination, co-operation and control in pre-school services." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1985. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/847326/.
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The central issue addressed in this study is that of control over the pre-school field, which is seen as an "arena" between family and state within which competing claims are resolved. An analysis of documents and literature relating to the emergence of a separately defined pre-school period, demonstrates that in Britain pre-school policy has developed in four clearly defined phases. Each shift of the boundary between family and state has been influenced by changes in theories and commonly-held views of the young child in the family. A "biologistic" phase gave way to a period which was influenced by psychoanalytic theory, which in turn was superseded by a developmental phase. In recent years a "new maternalism" has emerged which has influenced policy, stressing co-ordination and co-operation. These two key policies are then examined in a detailed study of the network of 215 workers, in Battersea, involving interviews, questionnaires, observations and the analysis of policy documents. The network acts to co-ordinate services only at a formal level in terms of links between professional pre-school workers. Links with more informal, community-based provision are limited. An analysis of attitudes and practices in relation to co-operation gives support to these observations. Attitudes, in particular "voluntarism" and "professionalism" relate to location within the network. In the light of the nature of the network observed, it is useful to analyse the range of provision in Battersea in terms of a typology, ranging from "closed" forms of provision to more "open" ones. Movements from the former to the latter have been supported by the "new maternalism" but because of the failure to address the issue of control, these moves are seen as an attempt more effectively to police the pre-school.
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BOUHEROUR, SORAYA. "Reactivite des clusters metalliques tetranucleaires fe/co et ru/co." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR13099.
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Dans ce travail nous avons presente une etude de la reactivite des systemes metalliques mco#3 (m = fe, ru) vis-a-vis d'especes nucleophiles, telles que des phosphines, ou electrophiles, tels que des fragments metalliques cationiques. Dans ces reactions nous avons pu observer soit la stabilisation de l'edifice tetraedrique, soit sa fragmentation, soit son expansion, ou encore sa jonction avec un deuxieme cluster. Ces resultats dependent fortement du metal m situe en position apicale, de la nature du reactif utilise et des conditions de la reaction. La structure de sept clusters a ete determinee par diffraction des rayons x, dans les laboratoires de rennes et de parme. En substitution nucleophile, le cluster hydrure hfeco#3(co)#1#2 manifeste une selectivite de site remarquable puisque l'attaque du ligand phosphine se fait prioritairement sur les sites cobalt de la base du tetraedre. Avec les ligands monodentes, ce cluster reagit pour donner des complexes mono-, di- et trisubstitues, hfeco#3(co)#1#2#-#x(l#n)#x, ou les ligands l#n sont coordines axialement. En revanche, dans le fragment hruco#3, la phosphine monodente peut migrer sur l'atome apical (ru), conduisant a l'observation d'isomeres. Ces resultats ont ete corrobores par une etude de rmn#5#9co qui nous a permis, en outre, de classer les phosphines monodentes selon leur basicite, d'une part, et de mesurer l'electrophilie relative des sites metalliques dans ces clusters, d'autre part. Lorsque l'on passe au cluster anionique mco#3#-, une inversion du site de coordination est observee lors de la substitution nucleophile des groupements carbonyles par les ligands phosphines : le ligand phosphine se coordine plus facilement au metal apical m. Ce comportement est lie a la presence de la charge () sur la base co#3 du cluster. Par ailleurs, un effet du contre cation associe au cluster a ete mis en evidence ; la taille de ce dernier (le cation) semble controler la facilite avec laquelle se forment les clusters co-substitues. Nos investigations sur l'obtention de derives n-fonctionnalises a partir des clusters-dppa (dppa = ph#2pn(h)pph#2) ont montre que la facon la plus efficace d'aboutir a un tel compose etait l'incorporation de ligands prealablement fonctionnalises, notamment (ph#2p)#2n(ch#3) (dppma) et (ph#2p)#2n(ch#2)#3si(oet)#3 (dppasi). Cette etude a conduit a la synthese de complexes fonctionnalises originaux, notamment a des molecules comportant deux clusters joints par un ligand bidente dppa, dppm ou dppasi.
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Turunen, H. (Helka). "CO₂-balance in the athmosphere and CO₂-utilisation:an engineering approach." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2011. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514294877.
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Abstract The subject of the thesis was to analyze by an engineering approach the global CO₂ balance and CO₂ utilisation. The aim was to apply methods and knowledge used in engineering sciences to describe the global CO₂ balance and the role of CO₂ in anthropogenic utilisation applications. Moreover barriers restricting commercialisation of new applications are discussed. These subjects were studied by literature reviews and calculations based on thermodynamics models. Engineering methods have shown to be applicable to describe the global balance of CO₂ and to define by a numerical way the Earth’s system carrying capacity. Direct and indirect actions, which mitigate the overload situation, were derived from the results. To screen out the attractive CO₂ properties in utilisation applications a mapping analysis was carried out. Properties, which enhance mass and heat transfer, are one of the most meaningful characteristics from the chemical engineering point of view. Attractive properties are often achieved at the supercritical state. Engineering thermodynamic methods were used in fluid phase determination of the case studies. Even simple methods are sufficient to advice experimental research work. The thermodynamic knowledge is the basement in creation of industrial scale chemical processes. If detailed information on system properties is needed, a model development due to the special requirements of high pressure systems and CO₂ features is required. This knowledge covers property information from all the components involved in chemical reactions. In addition to engineering knowledge successful technology transfer requires positive social structure as well. Finally, if the humankind is willing to mimic Nature and use light of the Sun as an energy source in engineering systems, development of thermodynamic methods is required also in this area. Especially the work terms, originally defined in classical mechanical thermodynamics and afterwards formulised also in other parts of the engineering fields, play a key role. If this development work is successful, we may see the shift from thermodynamics approach to ‘photodynamics’. Mitigation of global warming is a problem, which needs several kinds of activities. As a result of this study, there are listed a few engineering actions, which have a possibility to contribute to the work towards the carbon neutral societyTiivistelmä Väitöskirjatyössä sovelletaan insinööritieteissä käytettyjä metodeja ja tietämystä määriteltäessä ilmakehän CO₂-tase sekä antropogeenisten hyötykäyttökohteiden merkitys teollisissa prosesseissa ja globaaleissa CO₂-virroissa. Lisäksi pohditaan uusien CO₂-hyötykäyttösovellusten kaupallistamiseen liittyviä rajoitteita. Näitä aiheita on tutkittu käymällä läpi tieteellistä kirjallisuutta ja tekemällä laskelmia. Insinööritieteistä tutun taselaskennan avulla tarkastellaan ilmakehän CO₂-virtoja. Sen pohjalta määritetään numeerisesti maapallon CO₂-kantokyky. Tuloksista johdetaan suoria ja epäsuoria toimenpide-ehdotuksia, joiden avulla voidaan lieventää ilmakehän CO₂-ylikuormaa. Kartoitusmenetelmän avulla selvitetään hyötykäytön kannalta edulliset CO₂:n aineominaisuudet. Kemiantekniikan näkökulmasta ominaisuudet, jotka parantavat aineen- ja lämmönsiirtoa, ovat kiinnostavimpia. Nämä ominaisuudet tulevat esille silloin, kun fluidi on ylikriittisessä olomuodossa. Termodynaamisia laskentamenetelmiä sovelletaan esimerkkiseosten olomuodon eli faasin määrityksessä. Tulokset osoittavat, että jopa verraten yksinkertaiset menetelmät antavat tietoja, jotka auttavat ymmärtämään laboratoriokokeiden faasikäyttäytymistä. Teollisen mittakaavan kemiallisten prosessien kehityksessä ja suunnittelussa termodynamiikan hallitseminen on keskeinen edellytys. Jos CO₂:n kiinnostavia ominaisuuksia toivotaan hyödynnettävän teollisesti, korkeapaineisten systeemien termodynaamisen teorian hallinta sekä aineominaisuuksien määrittäminen kaikille systeemiin osallistuville komponenteille ja niiden seoksille nousee merkittävään asemaan. Läpikotainen teorian ja teknisten perusteiden hallitseminen ei vielä takaa menestyksellistä teknologiansiirtoa pienestä suureen mittakaavaan. Lisäksi tarvitaan myönteinen ja kannustava yhteiskuntajärjestelmä. Mikäli tavoitellaan vielä rohkeampaa kehitysnäkymää, tilannetta, jossa luonnon tavoin CO₂-prosessien energianlähteenä käytettäisiin auringonvaloa, havaitaan, että tämäkin askel edellyttäisi termodynaamista menetelmäkehitystä. Keskeinen termodynaaminen konsepti on työ. Työ siirtää energiaa ympäristön ja systeemin välillä. Tämä on määritelty jo klassisessa mekaniikassa; kappaleen siirto tietystä paikasta toiseen. Kemiantekniikassa työlle on kehitetty käyttökelpoisia kaavoja paine–tilavuus–lämpötila-systeemeihin. Mikäli työn elementit kyettäisiin määrittelemään auringonvalon fotoenergialle, avaisi se uusia näkymiä reaktiokemiaan. Silloin termodynamiikan sijaan voitaisiin ehkä mieluummin puhua 'photodynamiikasta'. Ilmaston lämpeneminen on ongelma, jonka lieventämiseen tarvitaan useanlaisia toimia. Etsittäessä tietä kohti hiilineutraalia yhteiskuntaa, insinöörit voivat avustaa suunnan löytämisessä hyödyntämällä tieteenalallaan käytettyjä metodeja ja teorioita sekä tarpeen vaatiessa kehittää niitä edelleen uusille alueille