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1
Karunia, Nurlita Endah, Salsabilah Salsabilah, and Sri Wahyuningsih. "Kesiapan Menikah Perempuan Emerging Adulthood Etnis Arab." Jurnal Psikologi Islam dan Budaya 1, no. 2 (October 31, 2018): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jpib.v1i2.3303.
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Emerging adult from Arabic-Muslim families, have fulfilled expectations of their families to married immediately. Marriage readiness are needed to evaluate the degree of readiness into marriage life The aim of this study is to explore marriages readiness of emerging adult in Arabic culture. Data were collected from 118 women between 18 – 25 years old. Most of participants have high degree of marriage readiness. In addition, most of participants have greater readiness based on several criteria: moral, contextual-social, and marital-life skilsl. The other hands, participants evaluated their readiness quite well on financial and emotional criteria. The results indicate that social-cultural, religion, and emotional maturity factors became basic evaluation of marriage readiness in emerging adult.
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Dariyo, Agoes, Mia Hadiati, and R. Rahaditya. "Pemahaman Undang-Undang Perkawinan terhadap Penundaan Perkawinan Usia Dini di Indonesia." Journal An-Nafs: Kajian Penelitian Psikologi 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33367/psi.v5i1.928.
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Early age marriages have become widely reported through various media both print and electronic media, because early marriage is one of the causes of divorce in Indonesia. Divorce due to early marriage raises social problems in the community, such as high dropout rates for students, poverty, crime. The emergence of early marriage is caused by the low awareness of adolescents to understand Law number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage. This study discusses the understanding of law number 1 of 1974 concerning marriages which plays a role for adolescents to postpone early marriage in Indonesia. This research method uses a quantitative approach, involving 213 adolescent subjects with an age range of 17-22 years. Retrieval of data using a questionnaire that is the attitude of understanding marriage law, life satisfaction, resilience, and delaying early marriage. Analysis of research data using Spearman RHO correlation and non-linear regression. The results showed that the attitude of understanding marital law plays a role in delaying early marriage in adolescents in Indonesia.
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Sulindra, Alfha, M. Darudin, and Sirman Dahwal. "STUDY ON UNDERAGE MARRIAGE IN EMPAT LAWANG REGENCY VIEWED FROM THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA NUMBER 16 OF 2019 IN CONJUNCTION WITH LAW NUMBER 1 OF 1974 ABOUT MARRIAGE." Bengkoelen Justice : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/j_bengkoelenjust.v11i2.19784.
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Underage marriage is a marriage bond between a man and a woman, where the age of both or one of them has not reached the limits stipulated in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16 of 2019 in conjunction with Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 1974 about Marriage. Underage marriage is one of the legal acts that is not justified by the law of marriage. However, in reality in Empat Lawang Regency it is still practiced, and even the number of underage marriages is still high. The formulation of the problems in this study were: (1) How was the underage marriage in Empat Lawang Regency viewed from the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16 of 2019 in conjunction with Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 1974 about Marriage? (2) What were the factors causing the high rate of underage marriage in Empat Lawang Regency? (3) How was the impact of underage marriage on the harmony of domestic life? The research method applied in this study was juridical empirical. The results of this study indicated that: (1) Underage marriage in Empat Lawang Regency had been carried out according to Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16 of 2019 in conjunction with Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, if the prospective husband and wife had not met the requirements as regulated in the Law, then the prospective husband and wife must apply for dispensation to the Religious Court for approval of marriage permits. (2) The factors causing the high rate of underage marriages in Empat Lawang Regency consisted of being pregnant outside of marriage (married by accident), worrying that their child will fall into promiscuity, pressure from parents, lack of economic stability, desire of lasting relationship, family traditions, lack of parental supervision of children, lack of sex education, and parental mindset. (3) The impact of underage marriage on the harmony of household life was the difficulty to form such a harmonious household.
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Hsieh, Ning, and Louise Hawkley. "Loneliness in the older adult marriage." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 35, no. 10 (June 8, 2017): 1319–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407517712480.
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Marriage protects against loneliness, but not all marriages are equally protective. While marriage is a highly interdependent relationship, loneliness in marital dyads has received very little research attention. Unlike most studies proposing that positive and negative marital qualities independently affect loneliness at the individual level, we used a contextual approach to characterize each partner’s ratings of the marriage as supportive (high support, low strain), ambivalent (high support, high strain), indifferent (low support, low strain), or aversive (low support, high strain) and examined how these qualities associate with own and partner’s loneliness. Using couple data from the Wave II National Social Life, Health and Aging Project ( N = 953 couples), we found that more than half of the older adults live in an ambivalent, indifferent, or aversive marriage. Actor–partner interdependence models showed that positive and negative marital qualities synergistically predict couple loneliness. Spouses in aversive marriages are lonelier than their supportively married counterparts (actor effect), and that marital aversion increases the loneliness of their partners (partner effect). In addition, wives (but not husbands) in indifferent marriages are lonelier than their supportively married counterparts. These effects of poor marital quality on loneliness were not ameliorated by good relationships with friends and relatives. Results highlight the prominent role of the marriage relationship for imbuing a sense of connectedness among older adults and underscore the need for additional research to identify strategies to help older adults optimize their marital relationship.
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Pink, Katharina E., Robert J. Quinlan, and Saskia Hin. "Famine-related mortality in early life and accelerated life histories in nineteenth-century Belgium." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1938 (November 4, 2020): 20201182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1182.
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Density-dependent and extrinsic mortality are predicted to accelerate reproductive maturation. The first 5 years of life is a proposed sensitive period for life-history regulation. This study examines the ways in which local mortality during this sensitive period was related to subsequent marriage timing in nineteenth-century Belgium ( n women = 11 892; n men = 14 140). Local mortality during the sensitive period was inversely associated with age at first marriage for men and women controlling for literacy, occupational status, population growth and migration. Cox regression indicated decreased time to marriage for women (HR = 1.661, 95% CI: 1.542–1.789) and men (HR = 1.327, 95% CI: 1.238–1.422) from high mortality municipalities. Rising population growth rates were associated with earlier marriage for men and women. Migration in general was associated with later marriage for men and women. Consistent with life-history predictions, harsh ecological conditions during early life such as famine coincided with earlier marriage.
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Ati, Nurul Umi. "MENGIKIS BUDAYA NIKAH SIRI DENGAN SOFT SKILL DAN LIFE SKILL." Wacana Publik 14, no. 01 (August 10, 2020): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37295/wp.v14i01.44.
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The initiation of the RUU Nikah Siri aims to tighten the siri marriage itself, with the hope of minimizing the number of victims, namely the number of women and their children who are victims of "the practice of siri marriage". However, the fact is that there are not a few couples who prefer to carry out unregistered marriages, especially the lower middle class, this is influenced by limited knowledge of the law, the impact it will cause and the high cost of official weddings through the government not to mention the dowry and party fees that must be issued by the bride and groom. In Indonesia, the number of women is greater than men, which eronically, the number of female illiteracy rates is still twice that of men, especially since the development models designed and used do not always pay attention to the relationship between women and men. Therefore strengthening women is very important, through improving the quality of soft skills and life skills based on skills and technology as well as home industry-based skills, it will be an alternative to sustainable economic empowerment as a way out or an alternative method of eroding the culture of siri marriage.
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Choiriyah, Nurul, and Abdul Hayyie Al-Kattani. "Islamic Guidance And Counseling Concept For Family Life Readiness Among High School Teenagers." Prophetic Guidance and Counseling Journal 1, no. 1 (June 10, 2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/pro-gcj.v1i1.2918.
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<p align="center"><em>This article explains the concept of Islamic guidance and counselling to help high school students build readiness for marriage and having family life. Marriage and family life readiness is one of aspects in Competency Standards of Independence (SKK) that must be achieved by students at high school level.This concept is similar to the phases and tasks of adolescent development which begin to enter the early adult development phase. The researchers did not find any particularly studies that discuss the concept of Islamic guidance and counseling to help marriage readiness and family life for high school students. Despite the fact that the theme is important to be discussed for further elucidation,the problems eventuates among adolescents, such as premarital sex. The research is conducted by library research method. To support information requirements, researchers also conduct document observations and in-depth interviews with marriage counselor in Religious Affairs Office (KUA), high school principals, as well as high school guidance counselor and school counselor. The concept of guidance and counselling answers the need and solutions to the problems of adults at the high school level. This also helps to understand family life responsibilities and functions, the concept of reproductive health, what appropriate sexual behaviour is, family norms and relationships between family members.</em></p>
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Koç, İsmet, and Mehmet Alİ Eryurt. "THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES AND INFANT MORTALITY IN TURKEY." Journal of Biosocial Science 49, no. 4 (July 7, 2016): 536–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193201600033x.
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SummaryTurkey has high levels of infant mortality and consanguineous marriages. It has had a high level of infant mortality for its economic level for many years. Over recent decades, although adult mortality rates have not been very different from those of other countries with similar socioeconomic structures, its life expectancy at birth has remained low due to its high infant mortality rate. This has been called the Turkish Puzzle. According to the Turkey Family Structure and Population Issues Survey, 27% of women had a consanguineous marriage in 1968. Subsequent Turkish Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHSs) found the rate of consanguineous marriages to be stagnated at 22–24%, with a resistance to reduction. According to the TDHS-2008, 24% of women had a consanguineous marriage. Numerous studies in various countries of the world have indicated that consanguineous marriages, particularly of first-degree, have the effect of increasing infant mortality. The main aim of this study was to assess the causal impact of consanguineous, particularly first-degree consanguineous, marriages on infant mortality, controlling for individual, cultural, bio-demographic and environmental factors. Data were merged from four Turkish DHS data sets (1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008). Multivariate analysis revealed that first-degree consanguineous marriages have increased infant mortality by 45% in Turkey: 57% in urban areas and 39% in rural areas. The results indicate that there is a causal relationship between consanguineous marriages and infant mortality. This finding should be taken into account when planning policies to reduce infant mortality in Turkey, and in other countries with high rates of consanguineous marriage and infant mortality.
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Stevenson, Betsey, and Justin Wolfers. "Marriage and Divorce: Changes and their Driving Forces." Journal of Economic Perspectives 21, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 27–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.21.2.27.
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We document key facts about marriage and divorce, comparing trends through the past 150 years and outcomes across demographic groups and countries. While divorce rates have risen over the past 150 years, they have been falling for the past quarter century. Marriage rates have also been falling, but more strikingly, the importance of marriage at different points in the life cycle has changed, reflecting rising age at first marriage, rising divorce followed by high remarriage rates, and a combination of increased longevity with a declining age gap between husbands and wives. Cohabitation has also become increasingly important, emerging as a widely used step on the path to marriage. Out-ofwedlock fertility has also risen, consistent with declining “shotgun marriages”. Compared with other countries, marriage maintains a central role in American life. We present evidence on some of the driving forces causing these changes in the marriage market: the rise of the birth control pill and women's control over their own fertility; sharp changes in wage structure, including a rise in inequality and partial closing of the gender wage gap; dramatic changes in home production technologies; and the emergence of the Internet as a new matching technology. We note that recent changes in family forms demand a reassessment of theories of the family and argue that consumption complementarities may be an increasingly important component of marriage. Finally, we discuss how these facts should inform family policy debates.
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Utomo, Danang Prio, Muhamad Ali, and Rini Aprianti. "Pengaruh Kehidupan Sosial Dan Ekonomi Keluarga Terhadap Pernikahan Dini Pada Tahun 2020." JPEK (Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi dan Kewirausahaan) 4, no. 2 (December 25, 2020): 326–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/jpek.v4i2.2927.
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West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) is recorded as a province with a fairly high rate of young marriage (merariq kodek), especially in East Lombok then North Lombok. Many factors cause underage marriages, including factors due to love, economic factors, matchmaking factors, dropping out of school, and pregnancy outside of marriage. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of family social and economic life on early marriage. The method used is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach, in general there are 33 samples (respondents) but after using the sample calculation technique with the Slovin formula, 30 respondents can be drawn, the respondents consist of various backgrounds of married age, different occupations. All data were processed by multiple regression analysis by looking at the validity test, reliability, classical assumption test (data normality test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test) and hypothesis testing using the F test and t test. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of family social and economic life on early marriage. This is indicated by the simultaneous test results of F count of Early Marriage at (45.191) with a probability level (0.000) which means that together the Social and Economic Life of the Family has a share in influencing Early Marriage in the hamlets of Penyenggir, Manggong and Batu Gapit. 3) From the significant test it is also proven that each independent variable also has a significant effect on the dependent variable. Social life variable (X1) has a significant influence on early marriage in the villages of Penyenggir, Manggong and Batu Gapit. This is indicated by t count (4.537) with p value (sig) 0.000 smaller than 0.05, meaning that social life has a role in influencing early marriage in the village of West Sikur. The family economic variable (X2) also has a significant effect on early marriage in the village of West Sikur. This is indicated by t count (3.735) with a p value (sig) of 0.001, which is below 0.05, which means that the family economy has a role in influencing early marriage in the hamlets of Penyenggir, Manggong and Batu Gapit.
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Тykhonenko, N. "GENDER DIFFERENCES IN READINESS FOR MARRIAGE OF HIGH SCHOOL PUPILS." Psychology and Personality, no. 1 (May 20, 2021): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4078.2021.1.227229.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of gender differences in readiness for marriage of high school pupils. It systematizes the factors of psychological readiness of young men and women for family life in today’s conditions. Adolescence, as a time of individual’s vital self-determination, is characterized by the experience of various social roles and activities. Psychological readiness for family life includes a stable positive motivation to start a family, the development of personal qualities of the family man, the ability to empathically understand the partner, constructive and self-affirming behavior in marriage.
Theoretical analysis of the peculiarities of personality formation in adolescence, the specifics of readiness for marriage and family-role expectations of senior school age pupils; methodical bases and methods of research are described. The results of an empirical study of gender differences in marriage readiness of high school pupils, their focus on understanding, emotional attraction and authority in marriage are analyzed.
It was found that girls are characterized by a strong motivational willingness to start a family, more focused on understanding with a partner and emotional involvement in the relationship. They are clearly aware of the specifics of family responsibilities, their own role in family life, the specifics of the organization of married life. Instead, for boys, the process of exercising authority and taking a dominant position in communication is more important. Girls consider the most important to be the achievement of a common point of view, acceptance from a partner, demonstration to him of acceptance of his position. In the success of family interaction, they pay special attention to emotional interaction and intimacy, manifestations of love and support.
The boys, on the other hand, strive to realize their authority and dominance in family relations, expect the woman to submit to their position and views, without giving a special role to issues of understanding and emotional inclusion. They have no intrinsic motivational need to start a family. Young people think little about the relationship between family roles, the organization of family life and building a system of support for family life.
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Kurosu, Satomi. "Divorce in Early Modern Rural Japan: Household and Individual Life Course in Northeastern Villages, 1716-1870." Journal of Family History 36, no. 2 (March 9, 2011): 118–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363199011398428.
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Drawing data from the local population registers in two northeastern agricultural villages, this study examines the patterns and factors associated with divorce in preindustrial Japan. Divorce was easy and common during this period. More than two thirds of first marriages dissolved in divorce before individuals reached age fifty. Discrete-time event history analysis is applied to demonstrate how economic condition and household context influenced the likelihood of divorce for females. Risk of divorce was extremely high in the first three years and among uxorilocal marriages. Propensity of divorce increased upon economic stress in the community and among households of lower social status. Presence of parents, siblings, and children had strong bearings on marriage to continue.
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Churilova, E. V., and S. V. Zakharov. "Trends in Dissolution of First Partnerships in Russia." Voprosy statistiki 28, no. 2 (May 3, 2021): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34023/2313-6383-2021-28-2-54-66.
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The article scrutinizes one of the most acute problems in Russian society – the continued high level of separations among first unions.According to the official statistics data, Russia has consistently held a leading position in terms of divorce rates among European countries.Recent estimates of period total divorce rates suggest that 30–40% of marriages contracted in the 1970-1980s and 50–60% of marriages contracted in the last two decades have a chance of being dissolved.The authors use materials from the panel part of the sample survey «Parents and children, men and women in the family and society» to examine the stability of first unions formed in 1945–2010 – either direct marriage, marriage after cohabitation or cohabitation in partnership cohorts. The results suggest an increase in the proportion of dissolved marriages from 14% in the marital cohorts of 1945–1954 to 30% in marital cohorts of 1980–1989. In these cohorts, «direct» marriages were more stable than marriages, which followed cohabitations. However, it is not so obvious for marriages preceded by cohabitations in the 1990s.Authors conclude that the average duration of a dissolved marriage and the average age of women at the time of the dissolution of the marriage have decreased. Cohabitation remains the least stable form of union with an average duration of 4–5 years. Childless unions break up 2 times more often both among marriages and cohabitations. There has been also a decrease in the average number of children in all types of broken unions with children.Based on results formulated at the final part of the article the authors suggest that the «direct» marriage without prior cohabitation become a less attractive form of union that might positively affect the stability of Russian marriages by reducing the probability of divorce due to such grounds of divorce as incompatibility in characters, views and beliefs, especially in the initial years of joint life.
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Hanapi, Agustin, and Edy Yuhermansyah. "Urgency of Marriage Registration for Women and Child Protection in Gayo Lues District." Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v4i2.7942.
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Announcing marriage is an act to spread Islamic greatness. There have never been any previous scholars who married secretly or did not announce their marriages. Currently, marriages that are carried out in secret are synonymous with elopement and are not recorded in the Religious Affairs Office. The phenomenon of underage elopement, which the locals refer to as ‘naik’ (rising), is quite prevalent in Gayo Lues District. There have been six cases occurred already in one year. A pair of students who were still under 19 without the permission of their parents or the school deliberately went to a traditional leader, begging to be married off, while some others even dared to skip the administrative procedures and directly married, thinking that the procedures could be taken care of later. However, the real-life is not as smooth as they expected, and so their marriage was not registered, eventually causing the women and children to be the victims. In this study, the focus has related the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence and legislation in Indonesia on marriage registration and the consequences for women and children when there is no marriage registration. This qualitative study used in-depth interviews, descriptive analysis methods, the empirical juridical approach, and the normative juridical approach. The results of the study showed that students who eloped in high school generally no longer continued their studies because of shame and inferiority towards their friends. Marriage registration is handled by the State or the Government through statutory regulations in order to create orderly marriage in society.
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Ye, Minzhi, and Di Mei. "Are Age Differences Between Partners Related To Gender and Generations Among Middle-Aged And Older Asian Americans?" Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3169.
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Abstract Previous research has shown that women who immigrate to the United States tend to partner with much older spouses. However, most studies have focused on young people and first-generations. Spousal age differences among older Asian Americans with different generations have not been well studied. Using data from the Annual Social and Economic Supplement survey (2013-2019), we employed the segmented assimilation theory to test 7,064 married middle-aged and older (50+) Asian Americans. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to understand the association between spousal age differences and individual background, including gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, generation, and marriage types. Of the 3,342 men, 20% were married to wives at least 6 years younger and 2% were married to wives at least 6 years older. Men who were Japanese or had inter-ethnical marriages were more likely to marry women at least 6 years older. Men who were Indian, Vietnamese, or having an interracial marriage were more likely to marry women at least 6 years younger. Of the 3,722 women, 3% were married to husbands at least six years younger and 19% were married to husbands at least six years older. Women who were Indian or Vietnamese were more likely to marry men at least six years older. Women who had a high school diploma or were third-plus generation were more likely to marry men at least 6 years younger. The findings reflect the complexity of Asian senior marriage and provide insight for policymakers to design new or improved social integration programs for senior immigrants.
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Scutt, Jocelynne. "HUMAN RIGHTS, ‘ARRANGED’ MARRIAGES AND NULLITY LAW: SHOULD CULTURE OVERRIDE OR INFORM FRAUD AND DURESS?" Denning Law Journal 26 (September 25, 2014): 62–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v26i0.935.
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Nullity law in Australia and Fiji provides that marriages can be void on various grounds, including duress and fraud. Despite some differences, United Kingdom (UK) law says marriages can be void or voidable on similar grounds. Courts in each jurisdiction have granted annulment in cases of forced marriage where duress “threatens life and limb”. Courts now say lesser force or threats, including pressure to comply with religious or traditional duty, can nullify marriage. Yet courts continue to require high level force such as passport confiscation, physical abuse, threats of eviction from the family home, and economic harm. This, as with allegations of fraud which receive short shrift, results from returning to common law authorities decided before migration resulted in significant demographic changes, particularly regarding culture and religion. UK authority draws a distinction between “forced” and “arranged” marriages, saying nullity is granted rightly in cases of the former, yet because “culture” “sanctifies” the latter, refusing nullity is right. Yet is this distinction valid? Should such marriages be recognised by Australian, Fijian and UK courts as contracted with full and free consent of the parties? An exploration of contemporary cases against the common law background to fraud and duress as nullity grounds indicates that allowing culture to be the measure denies women’s (and sometimes men’s) entitlement to contract marriage with full and free consent according to international human rights law.
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Siregar, Mangihut. "Marriage Ceremony in Batak Toba Tribe: Between Consumerism and Purpose of Life." International Journal of Applied Science 2, no. 3 (December 22, 2019): p40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/ijas.v2n3p40.
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The marriage ceremony for the Batak Toba tribe is a bond between a man and a woman along with relatives of men and women. Through marriage ceremonies they can enter the dalihan na tolu system, carry out a life cycle, become adults and have the right to enter the Batak lineage (tarombo). Because of the importance of the meaning of the marriage ceremony, the Batak Toba people continue to carry out this tradition.
According to the tradition of the ancient people, the marriage ceremony was carried out simply by mutual cooperation. In accordance with its development, the marriage ceremony changed from simple to consumerism. Consumerism occurs in mindset, behavior and also matter. Consumer behavior is influenced by: globalization, lifestyle, popular culture and a lack of understanding of the meaning of the Batak Toba marriage ceremony.
The phenomenon of consumerism that occurs in the Batak Toba wedding ceremony is very complex because it follows a long procession at a high cost. Although the behavior of consumerism has long been a problem, but in reality they remain immersed in a culture of consumerism . The culture of consumerism on the one hand is a problem but on the other hand is an arena to achieve purpose of life.
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Syihab, Aisyah, and Vinaya Vinaya. "Gambaran religious commitment, self-esteem, dan kepuasan hidup berdasarkan tipe arranged-marriage pada wanita keturunan Arab Baalwy." Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat 3, no. 2 (June 16, 2020): 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24854/jpu47.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran religious commitment, self-esteem, dan satisfaction with life berdasarkan tipe arranged-marriage (low arranged- marriage dan high arranged-marriage) pada wanita keturunan Arab Baalwy. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dua pendekatan, yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif pada 103 partisipan
(dari usia 20 sampai 74 tahun), dan pendekatan kualitatif pada 9 orang dari sampel tersebut. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah RCI-10 (Religious Commitment Inventory), Self-Esteem Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, serta pedoman wawancara. Semua partisipan menikah dengan cara dijodohkan, hanya saja terdapat dua tipe perjodohan. Tipe pertama (low arranged-marriage) adalah perjodohan yang masih memberikan kebebasan untuk calon pasangan perempuan menerima atau tidak pria yang dijodohkan kepadanya, sedangkan tipe kedua (high arranged-marriage) tidak memberikan kebebasan tersebut. Tipe perjodohan ini diketahui dari Arranged-marriage questionnaire yang terdiri atas satu pertanyaan tertutup mengenai tipe perjodohan dan satu pertanyaan terbuka untuk memastikan jawaban partisipan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada umumnya tingkat religious commitment, self-esteem, dan satisfaction with life yang cukup tinggi. Hasil analisis kuantitatif mendapatkan perbedaan tingkat religious commitment, self- esteem, dan satisfaction with life pada kedua tipe arranged-marriage itu tidak signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kualitatif, partisipan-partisipan tidak merasa keberatan dengan apa pun tingkat perjodohan yang mereka alami. Hal tersebut disebabkan bentuk ketaatan mereka terhadap orangtua dan Tuhan; untuk menjaga kemurnian keturunan mereka, agar mereka tidak kehilangan harga diri dalam kelompok mereka; serta mereka puas dengan kehidupan yang mereka jalani tersebut. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah menggali variabel psikologis lainnya pada kelompok wanita Arab Baalwy ini.
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Fu, Rong. "Educational Mobility Through Marriage and Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Late Life." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 706–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2645.
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Abstract Objectives: Marriage represents a long-term intimate relationship involving high levels of interaction and shared resources. Education, as an inter-individual resource, may influence the health status of an individual and his/her spouse. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of educational mobility through marriage on the risk of cognitive impairment in older adults. Methods: Data were derived from the 2014 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. The final sample included 1,396 married men and 671 married women aged 65 years and older. Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE). The gender-specific effect of educational mobility on the risk of cognitive impairment was tested by logistic regression analyses. Results: Older men who experienced downward educational mobility through marriage had a higher risk of cognitive impairment, when compared to their upwardly mobile counterparts. This association was not observed in women. Having more years of schooling protected both men and women from being cognitive impaired in late life. Discussion: These findings provide further evidence that downward socioeconomic mobility through marriage is associated with adverse health outcomes. Yet, the impact of spousal education on health must be understood through the lens of gender. Potential mechanisms that may link spousal education to cognition over the life course were discussed, including health literacy, health behaviors, and household resources.
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Callan, Victor J. "Single women, voluntary childlessness and perceptions about life and marriage." Journal of Biosocial Science 18, no. 4 (October 1986): 479–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000016497.
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SummaryForty-two single women who want to be childless, eighteen who desire a one child family, and 42 who want two children responded to questions about the quality of their present lives, and nature of future marriages. The groups of women were closely matched for age and education, and on current quality of life there were few differences. They had similar levels of positive and negative affect, and described life as enjoyable, interesting and contented. Those wanting to be childless, however, rated life as less optimistic and less loving, and also as currently somewhat less satisfying, but life satisfaction was still quite high. These early deciders of childlessness, and those wanting only one child, wanted to be financially and socially more independent in future marriage-type relationships than women wanting at least two children. They also expected to follow interests and careers to their fullest, wanted more role innovative partners, and were somewhat less concerned about home ownership, living to a budget, and keeping contact with family and friends. All women placed considerable importance on the need for trust, self-disclosure and open communication in a relationship, although the voluntarily childless rated more highly the need for intellectual stimulation and for each partner to be happy about the success of their mate. Compared to women wanting two children, those wanting to be childless expected a partner to perform a wide range of non-traditional roles in the home.
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Matsuo, Hideko, and Koen Matthijs. "The Role of Secularization on Marriage and Conception Seasonality Patterns." Journal of Family History 43, no. 4 (September 17, 2018): 335–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363199018798745.
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The period comprising the second half of the nineteenth and the early twentieth century in Belgium has been described as one of rapid societal transformation including industrialization, urbanization, and, also in some extent, secularization. This is the historical period in which first mortality and later fertility also declined, facilitated by socio-economic (structural) and cultural changes, and resulting in the first demographic transition. One of the characteristics of the secularization marking this period is considered to be the reduced compliance with religious rules concerning the timing of marriages and sexual intercourse (i.e., conceptions). Against this background, the purpose of this article is twofold. It first assesses the initial extent and evolution of church control in the rapidly developing port city of Antwerp, Flanders (Belgium), in the mid-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This will be studied through a so-called daily Lent and Advent marriage and conception index. By daily, we mean that we exactly measure the timing of Advent and Lent. We secondly try to explain the determinants of the occurrence of these marriages and conceptions through individual socio-economic, cultural, and life-course factors. We use data from the unique multisource COR* historical sample, containing individual information from population registers and civil registration records (1845–1913). We find clear signs of decreasing compliance with religious rules and therefore secularization but different patterns for marriages and conceptions. Even though compliance overall decreases for both events, rules are better complied with for marriages, and in particular, first marriages. Marriages are more influenced by social control than for sexual intercourse (i.e., conceptions). The influence of stronger compliance with marriage seasonality is observed through better adherence with first conceptions, although this is in much less extent for higher-order conceptions. The occurrence of these events, in particular marriages, is determined by a number of structural, cultural, and life-course factors. Noncompliances are found more in an urban setting, older women, and later historical periods, whereas compliance is found in high social class of men. For conceptions, relatively few (significant) effects are observed, although noncompliance for maternal literacy status and compliance for paternal social class is also found indicating gender differential effects.
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Karle, Isolde. "Die Ehe als Institution – für Hetero- und Homosexuelle Überlegungen zur Diskussion über die EKD-Orientierungshilfe." Evangelische Theologie 74, no. 3 (June 1, 2014): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.14315/evth-2014-0305.
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Abstract The guidelines on family life published by the EKD (Evangelical Church in Germany) has triggered an intensive debate, especially regarding the understanding of marriage. The author demonstrates that the objections against same-sex marriage are not substantial. Instead the church should rather have an interest in opening up marriage because it highly values the concept of lasting love. On the other hand, the author points to the fact that, despite high divorce rates, the integrative force of marriage as an institution should not be underestimated. She discusses from a sociological, juridical and theological perspective how marriage provides stability, relief, confirmation, and strength. The essay concludes with a plea for marriage - of hetero- and homosexuals alike.
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Hayat, Aay Siti Raohatul. "FORMULA PEMELIHARAAN JIWA (HIFZ AL-NAFS) PADA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 16 TAHUN 2019." Islamic Review : Jurnal Riset dan Kajian Keislaman 9, no. 1 (April 25, 2020): 115–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35878/islamicreview.v9i1.195.
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Given the increasingly high percentage of child marriages/early marriages in Indonesia and the impact on humanitarian life which is none other than the younger generation of Indonesia's largest assets, therefore there is a need for regulations that regulate this, so that Law 1616 is enacted and has been ratified since October 14, 2019. This is in accordance with how Islam nourishes the soul (Hifz al-Nafs) and respects human dignity. The main problem in this discussion is how the formula of Soul Care (Hifz al-Nafs) in Law Number 16 Year 2019 as the implementation of Maqāṣid Al-Sharī'ah. With the change in the age limit of minimum marriage, the bride and groom are expected to have matured their body and soul to be able to carry out the marriage, so as to realize the purpose of marriage properly without ending in divorce and get healthy and quality offspring. It also can fulfill the rights of children so as to optimize children's growth and development including parental assistance and provide children access to the highest education possible. From the above explanation it can be concluded that the Care of the Soul (Hifz al-Nafs) of Law Number 16 Year 2019 is appropriate in the perspective of Islamic law (Maqāid Al-Sharī'ah), in which guarantees human rights, maintenance soul, and efforts to realize a sakinah family.
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TIMONEN, VIRPI, and MARTHA DOYLE. "Life-long singlehood: intersections of the past and the present." Ageing and Society 34, no. 10 (August 22, 2013): 1749–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x13000500.
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ABSTRACTThis paper examines life-long singlehood and its ramifications in old age among women and men in Ireland. During the life-time of the 26 research participants, Ireland shifted from the Western European marriage pattern, characterised by high rates of singlehood, late marriage and high fertility, to declining prevalence of singlehood, higher marriage rates and lower fertility. In-depth interviews were analysed with the help of narrative analysis and grounded theory methods. We identified two main pathways into singlehood that had a long-term impact on the participants' lives. The women and men who had chosen singlehood associated this status with independence, self-fulfilment and autonomy throughout their lifecourse, including in old age. In contrast, older adults who had been constrained in their choice of marital status due to poverty, care work, family roles and cultural norms, expressed regret and dissatisfaction with their single status. In the latter group, the ramifications of the inability to actualise the roles of a spouse, parent and grandparent were particularly apposite in later life when many felt the absence of close ties and expressed loneliness. For some of the older adults who had been constrained in their choice of marital status in earlier life, the possibility of entering into a romantic relationship seemed more feasible in later life. How older adults interpret their pathway into the single status in earlier life impacts on relationship formation and life satisfaction in older age.
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Hong, Jay H., and José-Víctor Ríos-Rull. "Life Insurance and Household Consumption." American Economic Review 102, no. 7 (December 1, 2012): 3701–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.7.3701.
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Using life insurance holdings by age, sex, and marital status, we infer how individuals value consumption in different demographic stages. We estimate equivalence scales and bequest motives simultaneously within a fully specified model where agents face US demographics and save and purchase life insurance. Our findings indicate that individuals are very caring for dependents, that economies of scale are large, that children are very costly (or yield very high marginal utility), that wives with children produce lots of home goods, and that females display habits from marriage, while men do not. These findings contrast sharply with standard equivalence scales.
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Lewin, Alisa C. "Health and Relationship Quality Later in Life: A Comparison of Living Apart Together (LAT), First Marriages, Remarriages, and Cohabitation." Journal of Family Issues 38, no. 12 (May 13, 2016): 1754–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x16647982.
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This study compares happiness in the relationship, support, and strain in LAT (living apart together, i.e., noncohabiting) relationships with first marriages, remarriages, and cohabitation among older adults in the United States. The study also asks whether partner’s health affects relationship quality differently in different relationship types. This study draws on the first wave of the National Social Life Health & Aging Project 2005-2006, ( n = 1992). Partner’s physical and mental health are good predictors of relationship quality and their effects do not differ by relationship type. Men are more likely to be very happy in their relationship and to receive high support than women, but they also report more strain. LAT relationships are less likely to be very happy and to have high support than marriage and remarriage, but they also have lower strain. Different interpretations of “strain” are discussed.
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Rizal, Said. "PERSEPSI DAN RESPON MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS PRIMA INDONESIA MENGENAI PERNIKAHAN WANITA HAMIL LUAR NIKAH DI ERA MILLENIALS." DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum 18, no. 1 (July 12, 2020): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.35905/diktum.v18i1.1358.
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Abstract: Marriage is mandated so that humans have descendants and legitimate families leading to a happy life in the afterlife under the auspices of love and divine pleasure. But as for those who violated the shari'a ties of this sacred marriage, by tarnishing it in the form of adultery or intimate relationships outside of marriage. Adultery in the millennial era today is no longer taboo, fast-growing fast-food information is easily accessed in the form of information media, television, internet, YouTube, and the vulgar content that is displayed can have implications for our young generation who were originally then try to fall into things that are not cold in the form of early marriage, marriage outside pregnancy marriage. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions and responses of Prima Indonesia University students about the Marriage of Unmarried Pregnant Women in the Millennial Era. The results of the study show that students' perceptions about the statement of marriage of pregnant women out of wedlock as all students have known that the marriage of pregnant women out of wedlock is the marriage of pregnant women before the marriage contract. The students' responses to the marriage of pregnant women before the marriage contract are a result of the results of adultery which began from promiscuity, the presence of vulgar content, strengthening pemahan will be a weak religion, less control from parental supervision. As for the marriage of pregnant women out of wedlock it is also due to the current lifestyle trends in the lifestyle labeled Brand need a high boarding house to fulfill them. With the current socialite style can affect the life needs of someone who is not a problem if he is financially able but what about the financially incapable.
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Tevington, Patricia. "“You’re Throwing Your Life Away”: Sanctioning of Early Marital Timelines by Religion and Social Class." Social Inclusion 6, no. 2 (June 22, 2018): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v6i2.1397.
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In the midst of a shifting economic and cultural landscape, many young adults spend their twenties focused on individual achievement and self-actualization while delaying entrance into social roles such as marriage. Yet religion, particularly Evangelical Protestantism, places a high value on marriage as the legitimate context for sexuality and childbearing—which encourages earlier unions. This article, based on interviews with 87 dating, engaged, and married Evangelical young adults (aged 18 to 29), describes the social reaction to respondents’ marital timelines, which are typically at younger ages than their secular peers. Two sources of strong disapproval emerge. First, secular influences from outside of these respondents’ religious communities are almost unilaterally critical of early marriage plans. Second, even within religious communities, Evangelicals from middle class cultural milieus may face additional disapproval if their family formation plans are interpreted as compromising their educational goals. This article offers important insight on the intersecting roles of religion and social class in shaping the trajectories of young adults.
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Spasić Šnele, Miljana, and Jelisaveta Todorović. "RAZLIKE U PROCENI ZADOVOLJSTVA ŽIVOTOM IZMEĐU OSOBA KOJE IMAJU I KOJE NEMAJU ČLANA PORODICE KOME JE POTREBA POSEBNA NEGA." ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ 17, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 87–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.17.2020.06.
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Estimation of life satisfaction is an important indicator of mental health. In families where one member needs intensive care and attention, many mental health parameters start to decline, even life satisfaction. In line with that, we conducted research with a goal to explore the role of marriage quality, job satisfaction, altruism, age, education, and gender in life satisfaction in individuals that have a family member in need of intensive care or additional support (N=98) and individuals that who do not have (N=793). The instruments used were the DAS scale, a combination of the Altruism scale and Alzam scale. Life satisfaction and job satisfaction were evaluated on 10-point scale. All participants were married or in a romantic relationship at the time of research. It showed that there is a significant difference in life satisfaction between these two groups of individuals – a lower level of life satisfaction was identified in a group of individuals that has a family member in need of intensive care. Important predictors of life satisfaction in the first group of individuals were job satisfaction and risks for marriage stability, and in the second job satisfaction, partner agreement and age. Life satisfaction is higher among people who have a university degree and/ or higher education than those who have completed high school in both groups. In both groups, job satisfaction represents an important predictor of life satisfaction. Still, we noticed differences when it comes to the quality of marriage – risks of marriage stability decrease life satisfaction in a group that has a family member in need of intensive care, whereas agreement with partner contributes to life satisfaction in the second group of participants.
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Supriyanto, Edy, and Fransiska Novita Eleanora. "Early Wedding Polemic and The Impact of The Domestic Violence." Law and Justice 5, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/laj.v5i1.9722.
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Early marriages are increasingly prevalent and the causes are diverse, due to economic problems, promiscuity, and unpreparedness the couple take responsibility for supporting families, the impact on domestic violence, where can include due to physical violence causing injuries body, bruising or serious injury, psychic can be interpreted as cussing, glaring at causing self-esteem and mental decline, sexually interpreted to have sexual relations or rape marriage, and neglect the household and not provide for than five to ten years in a row -According and leave without breaking news. The purpose this research find the polemic of early marriage to domestic violence based on impact and consequences, the research method used is normative jurisdiction where this method refers to literature, namely by examining the literature or legislation relating to the problem under study. The results this study indicate that early marriage causes domestic violence because is triggered the impact high emotional, mental, psychological, causing violence in the domestic sphere, not only to women but also children who should receive protection and affection from parents but become victims, and Another impact is child traumatized and difficult to forget the dark events his life, because the child feels he become a victim his family.
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Kapelle, Nicole, and Philipp M. Lersch. "The Accumulation of Wealth in Marriage: Over-Time Change and Within-Couple Inequalities." European Sociological Review 36, no. 4 (February 24, 2020): 580–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcaa006.
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Abstract This study examines the accumulation of personal wealth of husbands and wives and investigates the development of within-couple wealth inequalities over time in marriage. Going beyond previous research that mostly studied the marriage wealth premium using household-level wealth data and that conceptualized marriage as an instantaneous transition with uniform consequences over time, we argue that entry into marriage is a gendered life-course event that dynamically shapes husbands’ and wives’ wealth accumulation. Using high-quality data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017), we apply fixed-effects regression models to describe wealth accumulation within marriage. We find evidence that wealth premiums are lower during early years of marriage, but increase steadily thereafter. The premium is mostly concentrated in housing wealth. Results from supplementary analyses with limited data, however, suggest that the premium may not be causal for men. Regarding within-couple wealth inequalities, we find a pronounced within-couple wealth gap prior to marriage during pre-marital cohabitation. This gap remains stable over time in marriage. In contrast to findings regarding income, our study indicates that the institution of marriage may not amplify within-couple wealth inequalities further.
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KOC, ISMET. "PREVALENCE AND SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CORRELATES OF CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES IN TURKEY." Journal of Biosocial Science 40, no. 1 (January 2008): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193200700226x.
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SummaryThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of consanguineous marriages in Turkey using data derived from the 2003 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS-2003). Demographic surveys conducted in the last 40 years consistently show that Turkey is a country with a high level of consanguinity. In the latest demographic survey (TDHS-2003), a nationally representative sample of 8075 ever-married women, consanguineous marriages accounted for 22% of the total, which is equivalent to a mean coefficient of inbreeding (α) of 0·011. There are changing secular profiles in the rates of consanguinity in general and of the specific sub-types of cousin marriages in particular in Turkey. The prevalence of first cousin marriages among all consanguineous marriages presents a steady decline from one marriage cohort to the next. The changes observed over time may be attributable to several factors such as the increase in educational level of women, the nuclearization of the family system, the mobility from rural to urban settings, a better socioeconomic status of families, an increase in women’s labour force participation in formal sectors, lower fertility rates resulting in a smaller number of cousins available for marriage, and an increased awareness of the effects of consanguineous unions on child health in cases where there is an inherited recessive disease in the family. Any attempts to discourage consanguinity at the population level appear to be inappropriate and undesirable, especially when the consanguineous union remains an integral part of the cultural and social life of Turkey. Nevertheless the WHO-recommended approach to minimizing the negative effects of consanguinity on child health should be followed, i.e. the identification of families with a high risk of a genetic disease and the provision of prospective genetic counselling.
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Latysheva, Marianna A., Zumrud Z. Suleymanova, Patimat N. Magomedova, and Sergey V. Kulikov. "Psychological and pedagogical potential of life orientations of spouses with various dominant marital behavior." Revista de la Universidad del Zulia 11, no. 31 (October 1, 2020): 509–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.31.33.
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The article is devoted to the problem of transformation of family values, the emergence of new types of families in the context of modern marriage. The authors believe that in post-Soviet society in Russia, the axiological approach is the most heuristic in the study of marriage. The authors used a psychological analysis of the life-meaning orientations of spouses with a traditional type of marriage and spouses focused on voluntary childlessness. The results of the study showed that the specifics of life and life orientations of the husband and wife, their personal characteristics determine the attitudes and expectations of marital relations, the choice of the type of family. It was revealed that the life orientations of spouses who support voluntary childlessness are contradictory: men, when they are dissatisfied with their lives in the present and not confident in their abilities, focused on getting pleasure as the meaning of life here and now; and the wife, experiencing the riches of his life, demonstrating the confidence, commitment to the future, a higher meaning of life. Spouses from the traditional type of family are both happy with their lives. At the same time, husbands are characterized by an average level of meaningfulness of life, focus on the implementation of current tasks, and wives with a high sense of life are focused on the future, are confident in the possibility of building a life in accordance with their ideas about its meaning and life goals.
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van Den Berg, Chantal, Catrien Bijleveld, and Jan Hendriks. "The Juvenile Sex Offender." Sexual Abuse 29, no. 1 (August 2, 2016): 81–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063215580967.
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In this article, we investigate whether the life events of marriage, parenthood, and employment were associated with general offending for a Dutch sample of 498 juvenile sex offenders (JSOs). In previous empirical studies, these life events were found to limit adult general offending in the population as well as high-risk samples. A hybrid random effects model is used to investigate within-individual changes of these life events in association with general offending. We also investigated whether the findings differed for child abusers, peer abusers, and group offenders, as they have distinct background profiles. We found that JSOs make limited transitions into the state of marriage, parenthood, and employment, showing overall stagnating participation rates. For the entire sample of JSOs, employment was found to be associated with a decrease in offending. Group offenders benefited most from employment. Marriage and parenthood were not associated with the general offending patterns, whereas for child abusers, parenthood was associated with an increase in offending. We conclude that policies aimed at guidance toward employment, or inclusion into conventional society, may be effective for JSOs.
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Limarandani, Ni Putu, Ahmad Sihabudin, and Mirza Ronda. "Inter-caste Marriage and the Impact on the Intra-cultural Communication Pattern of Balinese Hindu in Indonesia: An Ethnography Study." Asian Social Science 15, no. 3 (February 28, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n3p40.
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Intra-cultural communication of the Balinese community, acted as a representation of cultural and social identity. This intra-cultural relationship has consciously built relations of power in the life of the Balinese Hindu community including in very personal matters such as marriage. There are two kinds of marriages for Balinese Hindu, memadik (wooing) and ngerorod (eloping). The second married arose when women from high caste married with a man from a lower caste. In the Dutch colonial era, this kind of marriage was outlawed, since this time categorized as unexpected marriage. One of the consequences of eloping married, known as nyerod in Bali is a decline in the caste of the bride as same as the groom. Accordingly, the couple should change their ways of communication when they interact with the bride family. The aims of this paper is to describe the intra-cultural communications among the nyerod couple with their family and the indigenous environmental in Balinese Hinduism. The ethnography approach was taken to describing and analyzing the primary data from interview and observation. The result shows that the intracultural communication pattern among nyerod women and their parent, sibling and extended family, represent by their impression management. The foundation of interactions are the form of their identity which develops in four layers and bound by customary law.
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Jalovaara, Marika, and Anette Eva Fasang. "Family Life Courses, Gender, and Mid-Life Earnings." European Sociological Review 36, no. 2 (November 18, 2019): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcz057.
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Abstract There is a long-standing debate on whether extensive Nordic family policies have the intended equalizing effect on family and gender differences in economic outcomes. This article compares how the combination of family events across the life course is associated with annual and accumulated earnings at mid-life for men and women in an egalitarian Nordic welfare state. Based on Finnish register data (N = 12,951), we identify seven typical family life courses from ages 18 to 39 and link them to mid-life earnings using sequence and cluster analysis and regression methods. Earnings are highest for the most normative family life courses that combine stable marriage with two or more children for men and women. Mid-life earnings are lowest for unpartnered mothers and never-partnered childless men. Earnings gaps by family lives are small among women but sizeable among men. Gender disparities in earnings are remarkably high, particularly between men and women with normative family lives. These gaps between married mothers and married fathers remain invisible when looking only at motherhood penalties. Results further highlight a large group of (almost) never-partnered childless men with low earnings who went largely unnoticed in previous research.
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Kaydani, Maryam. "Raising Awareness for Gender Equality in Hindu Marriage." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v3i1.p50-54.
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The Hindu marriage has been one of the controversial issues among activities. Marriage in Hindu community is considered as holy and very significant social institution. In real, it is a commercial exchange and at large a marketplace populated by high demanding groom family. The paper aims to give a comprehensive account of problems that Hindu girls encounter during their marriage and within their marriage life. Apparently, Hindu marriage is between two families rather two people. More or less girls have no right to object. As a result girls mostly get married at earliest opportunity and they are forced into relationship as such most of marriage is based on parent’s decision rather than mutuality of sentiment or emotional attachment. Therefore, prepubescent girls are often oppressed by bridegroom and his family members. In this sort of relationship, girls are financially dependent which develop their suppression. Data for this paper has drawn from in-depth interviews conducted with 120 married women of aged 12-20 years living in two Indian states who got married since 2005. Participants were randomly selected for interview if the woman was married before the ages of 15 years. Findings underscore the need to raise awareness of the negative outcomes of child marriage and to build support among girls and their families for delaying marriage, to enforce existing laws on the minimum age at marriage and to encourage other authorities to support young women in negotiating with their parents to delay marriage and eliminate child marriage.
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Zwicker, Lisa Fetheringill, and Jason Ulysses Rose. "Marriage or Profession? Marriage and Profession? Marriage Patterns Among Highly Successful Women of Jewish Descent and Other Women in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century German-Speaking Central Europe." Central European History 53, no. 4 (December 2020): 703–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938920000539.
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AbstractThis study analyzes the marriage patterns of five hundred highly successful women in modern German-speaking Central Europe. Among the women at the very top of their professions, women of Jewish descent were more likely than non-Jewish women to marry while they pursued their careers. The results of our quantitative study—67.6 percent of women of Jewish descent married versus 51.6 percent of non-Jewish women—provide a unique body of data that complements and contributes to other research that identifies distinctive aspects of Central European Jewish life patterns: the high number of Jewish women university students, the importance of women of Jewish descent in a number of fields, and Jewish families as early adopters of a modern family form with a small number of children and intensive investment in each child.
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ARYAL, TIKA RAM. "AGE AT FIRST MARRIAGE IN NEPAL: DIFFERENTIALS AND DETERMINANTS." Journal of Biosocial Science 39, no. 5 (December 11, 2006): 693–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932006001775.
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SummaryThe aim of this paper is to investigate the differentials and determinants of female age at first marriage in rural Nepal. The life table technique was employed to calculate median age at marriage. The proportional hazard model was used to study the effect of various socioeconomic variables, and to identify the magnitude and significance of their effects on the timing of first marriage. The data were taken from a sample survey of Palpa and Rupandehi districts in rural Nepal. Both married and unmarried females of marriageable age were included in the survey. Median age at marriage was about 17 years for data from only married females, whereas it was about 18 years for data from married as well as unmarried females of marriageable age. Median age at marriage was about 16 years for uneducated females and 19 years for females educated up to intermediate or higher level. The analysis underestimates the median age at marriage for married females, probably due to right censoring. The risk of getting married early decreased gradually with increasing year-of-birth cohort. The risk of early marriage was higher among females of high socioeconomic status compared with those of low socioeconomic status. Females engaged in service married earlier than those engaged in household work. High socioeconomic status families are motivated, for religious and prestige reasons, to get their daughters married at an early age, preferably before menarche. Thus, education, occupation and age at menarche are the most powerful factors in deciding the timing of first marriage in Nepal.
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Jafar, Eka Sufartianinsih, and Andi Yaqub. "The Dynamics Marriage Readiness of Muslim Adolescent from the Perspective of Psychology and Islamic Law." Al-'Adl 14, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.31332/aladl.v14i2.2954.
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The high rate of divorce in young couples is motivated by psychological and spiritual unpreparedness. Premarital education is a resolution to minimize the divorce rate. This study aims to hack the knowledge and understanding of Muslim adolescents regarding marriage and marriage readiness from a psychology and Islamic law perspective. This type of research uses a descriptive quantitative data collection method using a survey in the form of a questionnaire. The research subjects were 820 adolescents aged 15-20 years who came from various levels of education, namely senior high school students (54.5%) and undergraduate students (45.5%). The results of this study indicate that there are several motivations for marriage for Muslim adolescents, namely (1) wanting to justify themselves by 49% (2) wanting to get attention and affection by 20.5%, (3) wanting to have children by 15.6%, (4) improve the economy by 10%, (5) follow parents wishes 4.9%. While the things that teenagers need to prepare for marriage are (1) Economy by 31.9%, (2) Studying Religion by 29.4%, (3) Education by 20.7%, and (4) Improving Character 18%. Adolescent understanding is still low on the purpose of marriage and the forms of marriage readiness. Indicated by the orientation and motivation of marriage is dominated by the fulfillment of biological and material needs. The implication of this research is to be able to provide a comprehensive view in terms of marriage readiness from the point of view of psychology and Islamic law as reference material for providing premarital preparation/premarital education to adolescents so that they can prepare for married life.
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Syihab, Aisyah, and Vinaya Vinaya. "GAMBARAN RELIGIOUS COMMITMENT, SELF-ESTEEM, DAN KEPUASAN HIDUP BERDASARKAN TIPE ARRANGED- MARRIAGE PADA WANITA KETURUNAN ARAB BAALWY." Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat 3, no. 2 (May 31, 2017): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.24854/jpu22016-67.
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<div class="WordSection1"><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran<strong> </strong><em>religious commitment</em>,<strong> </strong><em>self-esteem</em>, dan<em> satisfaction with life </em>berdasarkan tipe<em> arranged-marriage </em>(<em>low arranged-marriage </em>dan<em> high arranged-marriage</em>) pada wanita keturunan Arab Baalwy. Penelitian<em> </em>ini dilakukan dengan dua pendekatan, yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif pada 103 partisipan (dari usia 20 sampai 74 tahun), dan pendekatan kualitatif pada 9 orang dari sampel tersebut. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah RCI-10 (<em>Religious Commitment Inventory</em>), <em>Self-Esteem Scale </em>,<em> Satisfaction with Life Scale </em>, serta pedoman wawancara<em>. </em>Semua<em> </em>partisipan menikah dengan cara dijodohkan, hanya saja terdapat dua tipe perjodohan. Tipe pertama (<em>low arranged-marriage</em>) adalah perjodohan yang masih memberikan kebebasan untuk calon pasangan perempuan menerima atau tidak pria yang dijodohkan kepadanya, sedangkan tipe kedua (<em>high arranged-marriage</em>) tidak memberikan kebebasan tersebut. Tipe perjodohan ini diketahui dari <em>Arranged-marriage questionnaire</em> yang terdiri atas satu pertanyaan tertutup mengenai tipe perjodohan dan satu pertanyaan terbuka untuk memastikan jawaban partisipan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada umumnya tingkat <em>religious commitment</em>, <em>self-esteem</em>, dan <em>satisfaction with life</em> yang cukup tinggi. Hasil analisis kuantitatif mendapatkan perbedaan tingkat <em>religious commitment</em>, <em>self-esteem</em>, dan<em> satisfaction with life </em>pada kedua tipe<em> arranged-marriage </em>itu tidak signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kualitatif, partisipan-partisipan tidak merasa keberatan dengan apa pun tingkat perjodohan yang mereka alami. Hal tersebut disebabkan bentuk ketaatan mereka terhadap orangtua dan Tuhan; untuk menjaga kemurnian keturunan mereka, agar mereka tidak kehilangan harga diri dalam kelompok mereka; serta mereka puas dengan kehidupan yang mereka jalani tersebut. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah menggali variabel psikologis lainnya pada kelompok wanita Arab Baalwy ini.</p></div><p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong><em>Religious Commitment</em>;<strong> </strong><em>Self-Esteem</em>;<strong> </strong><em>Satisfaction with Life</em>;<strong> </strong><em>Arranged-Marriage.</em></p>
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Thayer, Bradley A., and Valerie M. Hudson. "Sex and the Shaheed: Insights from the Life Sciences on Islamic Suicide Terrorism." International Security 34, no. 4 (April 2010): 37–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2010.34.4.37.
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Theoretical insights from evolutionary psychology and biology can help academics and policymakers better understand both deep and proximate causes of Islamic suicide terrorism. The life sciences can contribute explanations that probe the influence of the following forces on the phenomenon of Islamic suicide terrorism: high levels of gender differentiation, the prevalence of polygyny, and the obstruction of marriage markets delaying marriage for young adult men in the modern Middle East. The influence of these forces has been left virtually unexplored in the social sciences, despite their presumptive application in this case. Life science explanations should be integrated with more conventional social science explanations, which include international anarchy, U.S. hegemony and presence in the Middle East, and culturally molded discourse sanctioning suicide terrorism in the Islamic context. Such a consilient approach, melding the explanatory power of the social and life sciences, offers greater insight into the causal context of Islamic fundamentalist suicide terrorism, the motivation of suicide terrorists, and effective approaches to subvert this form of terrorism.
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Bhattarai, Prakash C., Deepak R. Paudel, Tikaram Poudel, Suresh Gautam, Prakash K. Paudel, Milan Shrestha, Janes I. Ginting, and Dhruba R. Ghimire. "Prevalence of Early Marriage and Its Underlying Causes in Nepal: A Mixed Methods Study." Social Sciences 11, no. 4 (April 11, 2022): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11040177.
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Early marriage is one of the major traditional practices that affects the life of both boys and girls in many different ways. In this context, this research assessed the prevalence of early marriage and derived its underlying causes. Adopting a mixed methods approach, first, the study surveyed a sample of 1350 households of Nepal in which at least a marriage took place within the five years before the survey. Following a survey, secondly, the study explored 30 unique cases of early marriage, and ten among them were studied in more depth through face-to-face interviews. Logistic regression was applied to determine the factors that could influence the prevalence of early marriage. It was then followed by an analysis of the qualitative data. The research findings demonstrate that there is a high prevalence of early marriage (49.6%) among households within Nepal; nevertheless, the overall trend of early marriage is noted at a decreasing trend over the years. Undoubtedly, factors such as the level of education of the family members, the gender of the head of the household, and religion, influence the predisposition to early marriage within Nepal. Early marriage is undeniably a subjective phenomenon; however, such subjectivity is shaped by the socio-economic situation, as well as individual and family values. Thus, among others, the study implied that improving the strategies that promote higher formal schooling could reduce the prevalence of early marriage and thereby result in associated beneficial welfare effects in Nepal.
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Guo, Jinhua. "Analysis of the Formation Mechanism of High Bride Price in Rural Areas in the Context of Rural Revitalization Strategy." Scientific and Social Research 3, no. 4 (October 26, 2021): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36922/ssr.v3i4.1223.
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The bride price, as a deeply influential marriage custom rooted in traditional Chinese society, is an important and indispensable procedure in the process of marriage conclusion. The existence of bride price in the rural society is not wrong, but the high bride price has brought many inconveniences to the farmers’ life. This paper selects X village in south Henan as the research object, and conducts an in-depth investigation on the marriage culture of the village by using literature research and interview method, and makes a detailed interpretation of the bride price and wedding customs in the village, analyzes the inevitability of the existence of “high bride price”, and then concludes that the imbalance of the gender ratio of marriageable men and women, the change of the main body to which the bride price belongs, the parents’ The four reasons for this are: the imbalance in the gender ratio of marriageable men and women, the change in the main body of the bride price, the unlimited parental support, and the influence of “face” of rural people. “As a prevalent phenomenon, we should deal with it rationally and find appropriate ways to curb the high bride price.
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Gordeeva, Svetlana S. "Influence of marriage on mental health: sociological studies review." Вестник Пермского университета. Философия. Психология. Социология, no. 1 (2020): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2020-1-162-168.
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The author substantiates the importance of sociological analysis of mental health factors in modern conditions through the example of married couples. The paper reveals the essence of sociological concepts (theory of stress, structural strain theory, stigma theory) in the study of mental health and factors that determine it. It is established that the theory of stress considers an individual’s current state of life and negative life events to be factors determining mental health. It also indicates high risks of mental illness in groups with a low socioeconomic status. The representatives of the structural strain theory qualify weak social support for others and weak individual control over life circumstances, along with unfavorable organization of social space, as significant factors in the deterioration of mental health. It is noted that, according to the stigma theory, mentally unhealthy people become victims of stigma since others identify them as deviants, expecting corresponding behavior. Based on the analysis of a number of studies, a conclusion is drawn about the effect of marriage on mental health indicators, regardless of gender. It is revealed that some researchers point to improvement in mental health in a short term, while others do not show such dependence at all. The key role of «quality of marriage» and spouses’ satisfaction with marriage in the formation and strengthening of their mental health is noted.
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Burgin, Reto, Reto Schumacher, and Gilbert Ritschard. "Changes in the Order of Family Life Events in 20th-Century Europe: A Cross-Regional Perspective." Historical Life Course Studies 4 (March 21, 2017): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.51964/hlcs9338.
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This article analyzes the evolution of the sequencing of family life events in Europe during the second half of the 20th century using individual data from the European Social Survey and from the Generation and Gender Program. Considering the four events ‘leaving the parental home‘, ‘first cohabiting union‘, ‘first marriage‘, and ‘first parenthood‘, we hypothesize a transition from a traditional standard event order characterized by a high degree of synchronization between the first three events towards a new standard whose features are a high degree of de-synchronization between first cohabitation and first marriage and a reversal of the traditional order between first marriage and first parenthood. We also hypothesize cross-regional differences in the timing and in the shape of the transition from one standard to another. Applying specifically developed tools to visualize and analyze event sequences, we show important regional variation in the evolution of the sequencing of family life events. Hardly any change can be observed in Southern Europe, where the sequencing behavior of family events has remained highly standardized and rooted in the traditional standard. In Eastern Europe where family event sequences have become less standardized and where a particular sequence characterized by the reversal of the traditional order between leaving home and family formation has been observed, the hypothesized transition is still in its very beginning. In Western Europe the transition is clearly on its way, but no re-standardization towards a new standard can be observed as for now. As expected, the transition is most advanced in Northern Europe, where evidence for a certain re-standardization process in the sequencing of family life events has been found.
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Firdaus, Zahrotul. "PERATURAN BUPATI ROKAN HULU PROVINSI RIAU NOMOR 5 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG KEWAJIBAN MENGIKUTI KURSUS PRA-NIKAH." AL-HUKAMA' 7, no. 2 (March 21, 2018): 464–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/alhukama.2017.7.2.464-501.
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This article examines the review of Islamic law against regulation of Rokan Hulu District No. 5 of 2016 on pre marriage course. Regent’s regulation No. 5 of 2016 on pre-marriage course is seen under the maslahah mursalah theory. With the course, the prospective husband and wife already have a lot of supplies to deal with various problems that will arise in the future. In addition, the prospective husband and wife are more stable to get marriage because they have already got a lot of knowledge and motivation from pre-marriage courses held by the government of Rokan Hulu Regency. This program also contains elements of avoiding damage, namely divorce which will have a bad consequence for the offspring. Divorce is expected to be avoided by having sufficient knowledge about domestic life, especially the rights and obligations of husband and wife. Besides using maslahah mursalah, this study also uses the theory of saddu al-dzari'ah. The high divorce rate in Rokan Hulu regency is due to several factors, namely the increasingly sophisticated information technology that facilitates infidelity, the unpreparedness of the bride and groom to receive 100 % of their partners post-marriage, economic factors, the lack of knowledge about marriage and the lack of religious education. The various reasons above, especially the problem of the lack of knowledge about marriage can be closed and avoided by the existence of intense marriage supplies. One of the debriefings could be through a pre-marriage course program held by the Regent of Rokan Hulu.
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Kiernan, Kathleen E. "Who remains childless?" Journal of Biosocial Science 21, no. 4 (October 1989): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000018125.
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SummaryWho are the men and women who are childless in their mid-30s? Life history data for a British cohort born in 1946 show that age at marriage and marital breakdown were clearly associated with childlessness. Women who were only children were more likely to be childless than those with siblings. Further, early menarcheal age, being highly qualified and having a high status occupation were indirectly related to childlessness. For men, particularly amongst those who had experienced a broken marriage, it was the most ambitious, the highly educated and those in professional occupations who were relatively more likely to be childless.
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Kim, Hyun Soo, Byong Sam Jung, and Gyun Yeol Park. "Content Analysis of Family Ethics referring to Marriage in the Korean High School Textbook:『Life and Ethics』." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 19, no. 21 (November 15, 2019): 637–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2019.19.21.637.
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Kovačević-Popović, Anita, Vojin Vidanović, Ivana Đorđević, and Željko Vlaisavljević. "Quality of life in medical students of High school of professional studies 'Medica'." Sestrinska vizija 5, no. 8 (2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sestrviz2108019k.
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Self-assessment of quality of students life gives a feedback information on perception of physical health, psychological state of being, social relations, environment as well as of general quality of life. Aim research is to assess quality of life of students of vocational college school, and then to cross-examine with social demography of students sample. Methodology: Sample consists of 50 students of higher medical school of vocational studies "Medika" in Belgrade, Loznica, Krusevac and Vrbas. Questionnaire of social and demographical characteristics and Questionnaire on quality of life of World Health Organization (WHOQOL-BREF) have been used. Statistical interpretation of results uses descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, interquartile range, Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney test. Results indicate a relatively high quality of students life. Significant difference has been established between students of the first and second year of studies, in domain of general life quality and psychological state (p<0,05). In domains of general life quality, psychological and social functioning, difference can be observed between students that study in Belgrade and in other towns. Statistically significant difference has not been established between four quality of life domains (Physical health, Conclusion: Psychological, Social relationships, Environment) and sample stratifications: gender, age, studies, work status and marriage status. Quality of life can influence daily functioning of individuals in various life domains.