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Pérez-Machín, Rubén, Tanausú Vega-Morales, Carlos Elvira-Aranda, Loreto Lledó-Rico, María José Gomis-Gomis, and Laura López-Ríos. "Aframomum melegueta Seed Extract’s Effects on Anxiety, Stress, Mood, and Sleep: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Pilot Clinical Trial." Pharmaceuticals 18, no. 2 (2025): 278. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18020278.
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Background and aims: Aframomum melegueta (A. melegueta) from the ginger family is appreciated for its pungent seeds widely used in African ethno-medicine. Among the several biological activities associated with the seed’s preparations, some preclinical studies suggest a set of neuroactive properties that have not been tested in humans to date. We performed a clinical trial to investigate the effects of A. melegueta seed extracts on anxiety, stress, mood, and sleep in healthy subjects with moderate anxiety levels. In vitro pharmacological assays targeting the endocannabinoid, serotoninergic, and GABAergic systems were conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanism of action. Methods: A. melegueta standardized to 10% total vanilloids (primarily 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, and 6-paradol) was obtained after hydroalcoholic extraction and the spray-drying microencapsulation process. Subjects consumed 50, 100, or 150 mg of the extract daily for two days. A set of validated psychometric test questionnaires was collected before and 48 h after the first intake. A. melegueta extract interaction with canonical endocannabinoid receptors (hCB1R and hCB2R), the serotonin receptor (5HT1AR) and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAA1R) was evaluated by the radioligand binding assay. Additionally, receptor functional assays and enzyme inhibition assays were conducted to test the extract’s functional activity on the non-canonical endocannabinoid receptor (TRPV1) and the cannabinoid fatty-acid amide hydrolase enzyme (FAAH), respectively. Results: In vitro pharmacological tests showed that the A. melegueta extract activated TRPV1, modulated both hCB2R and 5HT1AR and inhibited FAAH, which is the enzyme primarily responsible for hydrolyzing endogenous anandamide. After a 48 h intake period, the extract significantly reduced anxiety and tension related to stress, improved overall mood, and enhanced sleep quality in the participants at doses ranging from 50 to 150 mg, with no reported side effects. Conclusions: This study supports the potential of the A. melegueta extract for anxiety reduction, mood improvement, stress mitigation, and sleep enhancement. The in vitro tests suggest that the extract’s primary mechanism of action may involve the inhibition of FAAH, which is a key target in anxiety management.
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Eigbe, Victoria Onosemudiana, Pelumi Timileyin Gbolagade-Jonathan, Isimot Temitope Arowona, and Mubo Adeola Sonibare. "Antipsychotic activity of <i>Aframomum melegueta</i> (roscoe) K. Schum (Zingiberaceae) and <i>Bidens pilosa</i> l. (Compositae) in male mice." Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine 27, no. 1 (2024): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njnpm.v27i1.6.
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Mental disorder features unhealthy situations such as sleep disturbance, social withdrawal and impaired role functioning, all of which are treated with herbal formulations, by traditional healers. Aframomum melegueta and Bidens pilosa are medicinal plants applied traditionally to treat psychosis. Hence, this study investigated the antipsychotic effect of the two plants in ketamine induced psychosis in mice. Pulverised plant samples consisting of Aframomum melegueta seeds and leaves, and stem of Bidens pilosa were macerated in absolute methanol for 72 h. Extracts were evaluated in mice for hyper-locomotion in open field and stereotype behaviour in transparent chamber models. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA at p < 0.05. Aframomum melegueta seeds, and B. pilosa leaves at 500 mg/kg and B. pilosastem at 250 mg/kg, decreased hyperactivity in mice, when compared to the negative control group (ketamine only). Furthermore, the highest dose (500 mg/kg) of Aframomum melegueta seeds, B. pilosa leaves and 250 mg/kg of B. pilosastem gave total tranquilising effect at 60 min into the experiment. Findings from this study revealed that seeds of Aframomum melegueta, and the leaves as well as stem of Bidens pilosa possess constituents responsible for the treatment of psychosis. This in turn justifies the traditional use of both plants in the treatment of mental illness. Different ratios of both plants under study may be combined as formulations and tested in future research, as a step towards drug development.
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MUTUNDA MBADIKO, CLÉMENT, and JEAN-PAUL KOTO-TE-NYIWA NGBOLUA. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF CURCUMIN IN COMBINATION WITH EXTRACTS OF PIPER CAPENSE AND SOME AFRAMOMUM SPECIES." AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 16, no. 3 (2024): 64–79. https://doi.org/10.59493/ajopred/2024.3.8.
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Apart from its broad pharmacological potential, curcumin has low bioavailability, which affects its efficient activity in the body. To improve its bioavailability or optimize its pharmacological properties, its combination with extracts of certain plants is considered to be one of the avenues to be explored. The present study aimed to boost the anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin by combining it with extracts of Piper capens and Aframomum species namely Aframomum melegueta, Aframomum angustifolium and Aframomum alboviolaceum). To achieve this, an anti-inflammatory screening was carried out using the rat paw oedema inhibition test. This screening involved aqueous and hydro-ethanolic plant extracts alone and then in combination with natural curcumin. The phytochemical screening was performed following standard protocols. The findings of the anti-inflammatory screening showed that the aqueous extracts of A. alboviolaceum and the hydro-ethanolic extracts of A. melegueta seeds had interesting anti-inflammatory activity (p-value = 0.0000 and p-value = i0.0085 respectively). As for the formulated recipes, the findings revealed that recipes based on curcumin with the aqueous extracts of P. capens, or with the hydro-ethanolic extracts of A. angustifolium leaves and A. melegueta seeds had an optimized anti-inflammatory activity compared with curcumin. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins, quinones, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic acids and coumarins. The hydro-ethanolic extracts of A. melegueta seeds and A. angustifolium leaves had high levels of total polyphenols. In conclusion, the extracts of P. capense, A. angustifolium and A. melegueta, can be used as adjuvants to boost the anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin.
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Olaitan, H. M. "Preliminary Evaluation of Methanol Extract of Aframomum melegueta seed for Hypoglycaemic Effect in Rats." Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences 1, no. 1 (2018): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/jvbs/8102.10.0120.
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Diabetes is a metabolic disease that has caused severe health complications and premature deaths in both developed and developing countries. It is characterized by hyperglycaemia. This study was designed to investigate the hypoglycaemic effect of methanol extract of Aframomum melegueta seed in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Adult albino rats of either sex weighing between 90 – 150 g were used. Diabetes was induced by administration of alloxan (100 mg/kg i.p). The rats were seperated into 5 groups of five rats each. Group I served as the negative control and was given normal saline (10 ml/kg p.o). Groups II – IV were given A. melegueta extract at varying doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o respectively. Group V was treated with Glibenclamide at a dose of 2 mg/kg p.o to serve as the positive control. The various treatments were administered for a period of 14 days. The Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) levels of the rats were determined before and weekly after commencement of treatment with the aid of a glucometer using blood collected from the tail vein. Result revealed that there was a significant (p<0.05) reduction of the Fasting Blood Glucose level after 14 days of treatment in the diabetic groups as compared to the FBG before the treatment. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the mean Fasting Blood Glucose levels between groups treated with varying doses of A. melegueta seed extract. Also, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between groups treated with A. melegueta extract and the group treated with Glibenclamide. The investigation showed that A. melegueta seed extract had hypoglycaemic effect in Alloxan – induced diabetic rats which was comparable with that of Glibenclamide, a conventionally used hypoglycaemic drug. However, the hypoglycaemic effect of the extract was not dose dependent. This therefore suggests that Aframomum melegueta seed has a useful potential for the treatment of diabetes mellitus due to its hypoglycaemic effect.
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Adeniyi, Temidayo, Moronkeji Akinpelu, Omokehinde Akinlami, Molade James Kolawole, Jesufemi Oloye, and Imoleayo Akogun. "Attenuation of Cadmium Toxicity by Methanol Extracts of Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta leaves." Folia Medica Indonesiana 60, no. 2 (2024): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v60i2.55646.
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Highlights:1. This study provides insight into the detrimental effect of cadmium exposure on mammalian cells using a murine model.2. The co-administration of Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta leaf extracts is more effective in ameliorating cadmium-induced toxicity than a single administration of each plant extract.3. The co-administration of Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta plant extracts can upregulate the expression of IL-10 and reverse the derangements in the TNF-α, IL-6, SOD, and GPX levels. Abstract Cadmium has long been known to be an environmental pollutant that can harm human health, with toxicity majorly affecting the kidneys and liver. This study aimed to investigate the mitigating potential of methanol extracts of Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta leaves in cadmium-induced liver toxicity. Twenty-five male adult Wistar rats, averagely weighing 200 g, were randomly allocated into five groups, each comprising five rats. Group 1 was unexposed to any substances and only received distilled water. Group 2 was given cadmium at a standard dose of 12 mg/kg bw. Groups 3, 4, and 5 received 12 mg/kg bw of cadmium, and each group was treated with 200 mg/kg bw of Rauvolfia vomitoria leaf extract, Aframomum melegueta leaf extract, and a combination of both extracts, respectively. After 28 days, the animals were euthanized to obtain their livers, which were then excised and processed for histopathological, mRNA expression, and biochemical analyses. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data, and Duncan multiple tests were employed to compare the categorical variables (p<0.05). The results revealed elevated levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) in the rats treated with Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta extracts when compared to Group 2. On the other hand, the treatment groups exhibited a significant decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels, along with significantly elevated levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Group 5 showed a normal liver histoarchitecture similar to Group 1, reversing the histopathological abnormalities shown in Group 2. In conclusion, the co-administrative treatment using Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta extracts reversed the cadmium-induced toxicity better than using each plant extract individually. This further suggests that Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta leaf methanol extracts may ameliorate the effects of cadmium-induced toxicity, including reducing oxidative stress and fortifying the anti-oxidant system.
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Clément, M. Mbadiko, Ngbolua Koto-te-Nyiwa, T. Mpiana Pius, et al. "Phytochemical Screening and Assessment of Antibacterial Activity of Total Aqueous Extracts of Afromomum melegeuta and African Indigenous Salt." Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal 4, no. 1 (2017): 41–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13760274.
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The present study was conducted in order to justify the use of <em>Afromomum melegueta </em>seeds intraditional medicine for the treatment of certain infectious diseases and to assess the influence of heat during the extraction of the active principles of the drug decoction on the antibacterial activity. Then, a bacteriological study was conducted to compare the antibacterial activity of the total aqueous and ethanolic extracts. In this study, it was also necessary question of testing the hypothesis that the addition of native salt in the total aqueous extracts of <em>A. melegueta</em> seeds in traditional medicine optimizes the antibacterial activity against three bacterial strains of which <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Klebsiella sp. </em>and<em> Staphylococcus aureus</em>. A phytochemical screening was performed to identify the major chemical groups present in total extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) of <em>A. melegueta </em>seeds. The results showed that all tested samples have the antibacterial activity. However, the addition of native salt and aqueous extract mixture of <em>A. melegueta </em>seeds seems to have an antagonistic effect and showed a low activity compared to aqueous extracts tested individually. In addition, the aqueous extracts, in particular the macerated revealed a strong activity on the bacterial strains tested compared to other extracts. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins and total polyphenols in the aqueous extracts and the presence of quinones, steroids and triterpenoids in the ethanolic extracts. The seeds of <em>A. melegueta</em> have antibacterial molecules and can be used for the treatment of certain infectious diseases especially for Klebsiella infections.
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Oparaeke A, M., C. Dike M, and I. Amatobi C. "Field evaluation of extracts of five Nigerian spices for control of post-flowering insect pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp." Plant Protection Science 41, No. 1 (2010): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2737-pps.
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The insecticidal efficacy of aqueous extracts of five Nigerian spices (Piper guineense Schum and Thonn., Aframomum melegueta (Roscoe), Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich., Zingiber officinale L. and Capsicum annuum L.) was tested in a field study for the control of two important post-flowering insect pests, Maruca vitrata Fab. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal. (Hemiptera: Coreidae) of cowpea. The extracts were applied at 10% (w/v) and sprayed every week for 4 weeks. P. guineense, followed by A. melegueta, significantly reduced (P < 0.01) abundance of the pests and decreased the damage to cowpea pods. Grain yields were significantly higher in plots treated with P. guineense and A. melegueta extracts compared to plots treated with other extracts. This technology is cheap, safe, environmentally friendly and easy to adopt by limited resource farmers in third world countries.
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Temitope Osuntokun, Oludare. "Aframomum Melegueta (Grains of Paradise)." Annals of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22259/2637-5346.0301001.
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Evuen, Uduenevwo Francis, and Enyohwo Dennis Kpomah. "Phytochemical and Nutritional Constituents of Leaf Extracts of Two Edible Medicinal Plants in Nigeria: A Comparative Appraisal." Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research 23, no. 1 (2023): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v23i1468.
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Humanity has constantly sought empirical treatments for health problems and nutritional deficits since the 20th century. In this regard, synthetic medications have been in extensive use. However, their applications in such conditions are often accompanied by negative side effects coupled with accounts of the development of resistance, which has driven an increase in the quest for creative alternatives like plant-based medications. Thus, botanicals derived from plants with medicinal attributes are an indispensable component of existence today. They enhance good health particularly for residents in remote areas where access to appropriate nutrition and healthcare is often a challenge. In the present investigation, the phytochemical and nutritional constituents of ethanol leaf extracts of two significant plants with nutritional and therapeutic relevance, Dennettia tripetala, and Aframomum melegueta, were comparatively examined through the exploration of established protocols. In the phytochemical investigation, D. tripetala has a predominance of alkaloids (4.91%), terpenes (3.03%), saponins (3.76%), flavonoids (6.10%), and tannins (5.89%). Contrarily, no significant difference (p> 0.05) was observed in the cardiac glycoside contents of D. tripetala (2.25%), and A. melegueta (2.38%). The proximate data shows a greater proportion of moisture (13.11%), protein (10.54%), fibre (5.01%) and carbohydrate (59.36%) contents in D. tripetala. However, A. melegueta had a greater quantity of ash, and lipids (11.76 %, and 7.46%) than D. tripetala (6.52%, and 5.42%). The elemental assessment of the leaves shows that the concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, manganese, and phosphorous in A. melegueta were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of D. tripetala. The opposite results were obtained for the levels of Zinc and Copper in A. melegueta and D. tripetala respectively. Therefore, the differential compositions of the chemical components present in leaf extracts of the two plants have given an insight into the best source of active principles and nutrients among them, to exploit in medicinal preparations and diet formulations for combating diseased conditions induced by pathogenic organisms and nutritional inadequacies respectively.
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Okweche, Simon Idoko, Patrick Matthew Hilili, and Philip Bassey Ita. "Comparative Efficacy of Some Insecticidal Plant Materials against Dry Wood Termite (Cryptotermes cavifrons BANKS (Insecta: Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) Infestation." Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5, no. 6 (2015): 210–16. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2015.6.091515130.
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Laboratory study was conducted to determine the efficacy of six plant extracts <em>Gmelina arborea </em>Roxb (Verbenaceae)<em> leaf, </em><em>Aframomum melegueta</em> [Roskoe] K. Schum. <em>Zingiber officinale </em>Rosc.<em>, Morinda lucida</em> (L.) (<em>Rubiaceae</em>)<em>, Moringa oleifera</em> Lam. (<em>Moringaceae) </em>(seed and leaf) and <em>Garcinia kola </em>Heckel (<em>Guttiferae</em>) on the management of African wood termite under ambient temperature and relative humidity (30<sup>0</sup>c and 72%). Twenty termites were introduced into a covered container and treated with three levels (0.0 g, 0.5 g, 1.0 g) of the various plant extracts. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomised design (CRD) and replicated four times with factorial arrangement of treatments. Mortality was recorded at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hours exposure periods respectively. <em>A. melegueta </em>and <em>G. kola</em> were effective at 60 hours of exposure for 0.5g rate of application recoding 95% mortality while <em>Z. officinale, M. oleifera </em>recorded 100% mortality after 84 hours of exposure. At 1.0 g rate of application, <em>M. oleifera </em>seed and <em>A. melegueta</em> were efficacious after 12 hours, however, <em>M. oleifera</em> recorded 95% mortality after 60 hours and 100 % at 72 hours while <em>A. melegueta </em>and <em>M. lucida </em>recorded 95 and 75 % mortality at 48 hours of exposures respectively. No mortality was recorded untreated experiment. Conclusively, <em>A. melegueta, M. lucida </em>and<em> M. oleifera </em>seed and leaf can be used in the control of wood termite due to higher mortality recorded on application and as a substitute for synthetic insecticides.
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Gyasi, Eric, Daniel A. Kotey, Barnabas A. Adongo, Fuleratu K. Adams, Edmund O. Owusu, and Abdul Mohammed. "Management of Major Seed-Borne Fungi of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) with Four Selected Botanical Extracts." Advances in Agriculture 2022 (May 11, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3125240.
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Seed-borne fungal pathogens present significant constrain to the production and conservation of many seed crops including cowpea. Infection of mature seeds by such pathogens could result in mycotoxin contamination, loss of viability, and decay of seeds. This study aimed to identify seed-borne fungi on 200 accessions of cowpea under cold storage at CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute (PGRRI), Ghana. Also, the antifungal effect of seeds of Piper nigrum, Xylopia aethiopica, Aframomum melegueta, and fresh leaves of Cymbopogon citratus aqueous extracts (100% w/v) on the major seed-borne fungi identified on the cowpea seeds was determined. Seven fungal species belonging to five genera were identified from the seeds of the cowpea accessions evaluated. However, the diversity and infection levels of the pathogenic fungi recorded on the seeds were lower than that of the saprophytic fungi indicating minimal capacity of the seeds to spread pathogenic fungi on the field. Aqueous extract of Aframomum melegueta inhibited the growth of Fusarium verticillioides by 98.40%, Colletotrichum sp. by 97.83%, Aspergillus niger by 94.70%, and Aspergillus flavus by 63.38%. The only other aqueous extract that inhibited the colony growth above 60% was that of Piper nigrum which inhibited colony growth of Fusarium verticillioides by 71.7% and Colletotrichum sp. by 63.47%. Due to the benign effect of Aframomum melegueta extract on the environment and non-target organisms, its use as a seed protectant is highly recommended. Further studies to establish the spectrum of activity and dose levels of Aframomum melegueta extract are recommended.
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Ihinmikaiye Samuel Olatokunbo and Ojo, Victor Idowu. "Phytochemical profiles of plant species used in the management of erectile dysfunction in Bayelsa State, Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 26, no. 2 (2025): 601–10. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.26.2.1434.
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Erectile dysfunction (ED) remains a significant global health concern, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches, particularly from plants with documented ethnobotanical relevance. This study evaluates the phytochemical profiles of 19 plant species traditionally utilized for ED management in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Qualitative phytochemical analysis on the sections of interest revealed a widespread presence of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins, which are associated with key physiological processes such as testosterone modulation, circulatory enhancement, and libido stimulation. Predominantly, A. melegueta, A. vogelii, C. lutea, E. guineensis, E. marginata, E. senegalensis, and G. mannii exhibited the highest phytochemical diversity, suggesting broad pharmacological potential. Quantitative analysis further revealed substantial variations in bioactive compound concentrations, with E. guineensis, C. prostrata, and A. melegueta emerging as the most phytochemically rich species. High concentrations of alkaloids in P. guineense (10.6 ± 0.21 mg/g), flavonoids in A. melegueta (13.3 ± 0.42 mg/g), terpenoids in C. prostrata (10.8 ± 0.06 mg/g), and phenolic compounds in E. senegalensis (17.1 ± 0.01 mg/g) suggest potential mechanisms of action in improving erectile function. These results validate the therapeutic potential of the plant species, aligning with their documented ethnomedicinal applications
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Escoubas, Pierre, Labunmi Lajide, and Junya Mizutani. "Termite antifeedant activity in Aframomum melegueta." Phytochemistry 40, no. 4 (1995): 1097–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00154-y.
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Nwonuma, Charles O., Tabitha A. Adelani-Akande, Omorefosa O. Osemwegie, Abiola F. Olaniran, and Toluwani A. Adeyemo. "Comparative study of the in vitro phytochemicals and antimicrobial potential of six medicinal plants." F1000Research 8 (January 21, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17094.1.
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Background: This study sought to investigate the antimicrobial activity of six plants used in traditional medicine in Africa. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of the six medicinal plant extracts (aqueous and ethanol) were evaluated against Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 21784), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC27856) were Aspergillus fumigatus using the agar-well diffusion protocol. The activities of these extracts were compared with the positive controls chloramphenicol and griseofulvin. Similarly, the phytochemicals from the extracts were qualitatively assayed and their percentage yield calculated by standard methods. Results: The bacterial organisms used, P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa, were slightly-to-highly susceptible to aqueous and ethanolic extracts from the various test plants, while A. fumigatus was insensitive to the treatments. The ethanolic extracts of the sampled plants showed superior inhibitory performance on the target bacteria to the aqueous extracts. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Aframomum melegueta, Moringa oleifera and Cola nitida showed inhibitory consistency against the target bacteria. Superior inhibitory activity was observed for ethanol extracts of A. melegueta seed and M. oleifera pod against P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa. Variations in phytochemicals were noticed across solvents and plant parts for all plants. Phenols were detected in the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of C. nitida and Cola acuminate, but relatively appeared denser in extracts of A. melegueta seed and Chrysophyllum albidium fruits. The extracts of C. nitida, C. acuminate and A. melegueta tested positive for the presence of flavonoids, which were undetected in C. albidium and M. oleifera seed and pod extracts. None of the extracts showed the presence of every phytochemical assayed during the study. Conclusions: Extracts of the medicinal plants assessed in this study showed antibacterial potential. Developing new methodologies that preserve the bioactive potency of phyto-extracts for optimal microbicidal activity is promising for development of safe, non-reactive pharmaceuticals.
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Nwonuma, Charles O., Tabitha A. Adelani-Akande, Omorefosa O. Osemwegie, Abiola F. Olaniran, and Toluwani A. Adeyemo. "Comparative study of in vitro antimicrobial potential and phytochemicals of some medical plants." F1000Research 8 (May 30, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17094.2.
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Background: Plants in traditional healthcare services in West Africa were selected based on ethnobotanical data for this study. Aqueous and ethanol extracts from these plants’ parts were comparatively screened for phytochemicals and in vitro antimicrobial activity. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of five medicinal plants’ extracts (aqueous and ethanol) were evaluated against Proteus mirabilis (LHC201), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (LHC181) and Aspergillus fumigates (LUML56) using the agar-well diffusion protocol. Retailed chloramphenicol and griseofulvin were used as positive controls respectively. Phytochemicals and percentage yield were determined by modified standard methods. Results: The target bacteria showed varied degrees of susceptibility to both aqueous and ethanol extracts. A. fumigates was insensitive to the treatments. The ethanol extracts of the sampled plants’ parts showed better inhibitory performance against the target bacteria compared to aqueous extracts. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Aframomum melegueta, Moringa oleifera and Cola nitida showed marginal difference in inhibitory activity with higher inhibition zones observed for the ethanol extracts of A. melegueta seed and M. oleifera pod against the target bacteria. Phytochemicals composition and density observed in extractants and plants’ parts also varied. Phenols were detected in both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of C. nitida and C. acuminata, but appeared relatively richer in extracts of A. melegueta seeds and C. albidium fruits. C. nitida, C. acuminate and A. melegueta extracts were positive for flavonoids which were undetected in C. albidium fruits, M. oleifera seeds and pod extracts. No single extract had all the phytochemicals assayed. Conclusions: Screened extracts of medicinal plants’ parts used for this study showed promise antibacterial and resource for developing safer pharmaceutics. Optimization of the antibacterial potential of the extracts for commercial exploitation requires further studies. This study has provided information on the antibacterial property of C. albidum fruits which was hitherto underutilized for traditional medicine purpose.
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Nwonuma, Charles O., Tabitha A. Adelani-Akande, Omorefosa O. Osemwegie, Abiola F. Olaniran, and Toluwani A. Adeyemo. "Preliminary in vitro antimicrobial potential and phytochemicals study of some medical plants." F1000Research 8 (January 16, 2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17094.3.
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Background: Plants in traditional healthcare services in West Africa were selected based on ethnobotanical data for this study. Aqueous and ethanol extracts from these plants’ parts were comparatively screened for phytochemicals and in vitro antimicrobial activity. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of five medicinal plants’ extracts (aqueous and ethanol) were evaluated against Proteus mirabilis (LHC201), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (LHC181) and Aspergillus fumigates (LUML56) using the agar-well diffusion protocol. Retailed chloramphenicol and griseofulvin were used as positive controls respectively. Phytochemicals and percentage yield were determined by modified standard methods. Results: The target bacteria showed varied degrees of susceptibility to both aqueous and ethanol extracts. A. fumigates was insensitive to the treatments. The ethanol extracts of the sampled plants’ parts showed better inhibitory performance against the target bacteria compared to aqueous extracts. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Aframomum melegueta, Moringa oleifera and Cola nitida showed marginal difference in inhibitory activity with higher inhibition zones observed for the ethanol extracts of A. melegueta seed and M. oleifera pod against the target bacteria. Phytochemicals composition and density observed in extractants and plants’ parts also varied. Phenols were detected in both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of C. nitida and C. acuminata, but appeared relatively richer in extracts of A. melegueta seeds and C. albidium fruits. C. nitida, C. acuminate and A. melegueta extracts were positive for flavonoids which were undetected in C. albidium fruits, M. oleifera seeds and pod extracts. No single extract had all the phytochemicals assayed. Conclusions: Screened extracts of medicinal plants’ parts used for this study showed promise antibacterial and resource for developing safer pharmaceutics. Optimization of the antibacterial potential of the extracts for commercial exploitation requires further studies. This study has provided information on the antibacterial property of C. albidum fruits which was hitherto underutilized for traditional medicine purpose.
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Babarinde, Samuel, Kehinde Kemabonta, Ifeoluwa Aderanti, Funmilayo Kolawole, and Adetayo Adeleye. "Synergistic effect of spinosad with selected botanical powders as biorational insecticides against adults of Tribolium castaneum Herbst, 1797 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 63, no. 1 (2018): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1801039b.
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The synergistic effect of spinosad with three botanical (Aframomum melegueta, Eugenia aromatica and Piper guineense) powders as biorational insecticides against Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) infesting melon (Citrullus lanatus) seeds was investigated. Treatments included sole application of each botanical powder (50 g/kg of melon seed), sole application of spinosad (SASp) (1.0g/kg), mixture of spinosad (0.5 g/kg) + botanical powders (25 g/kg) and an untreated control. Data were collected on tenebronid mortality rate (%) (PM) and melon seed weight loss rate in % (PWL). Phytochemical analysis of the botanicals was also carried out. At 3-14 days after treatment (DAT), PM observed in melon seeds treated with SASp (90.00-100.00%) was not significantly (p>0.05) different from PM observed in melon seeds treated with spinosad + E. aromatica powder (86.67-100.00%) and spinosad + P. guineense powder (85.00-100.00%). PWL observed in melon seeds treated with spinosad + botanical powders (1.17-1.40%) was not significantly different from PWL observed in seeds treated with SASp (0.42%), but it was significantly lower than PWL (3.28%) observed in melon seeds treated with sole application of A. melegueta powder. P. guineense powder had the highest contents of alkaloids (868.33 mg/100 g), tannins (550.00 mg/100 g), phenolics (53.57 GAE/g), and steroids (740.00 mg/100 g). E. aromatica powder had the highest contents of flavonoids (1466.67 mg/100 g), terpenoids (1276.00 mg/100 g) and cardiac glycosides (7.33 mg/100 g), while A. melegueta powder had the highest content of saponins (376.67 mg/100 g). The combination of spinosad with P. guineense powder or E. aromatica powder performed better than the combination with A. melegueta powder and is therefore recommended as a biorational approach for the control of T. castaneum.
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Oboh, Fred, and Judith Imafidon. "Antioxidant and Sensory Properties of New Beverage Formulations Composed of Palm Sugar, Aframomum melegueta, and Citric Acid." Beverages 4, no. 3 (2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages4030059.
Full textAbstract:
Non-alcoholic still beverages were prepared from palm sugar, Aframomum melegueta pepper, and citric acid, and their physico-chemical, nutritional, antioxidative, and sensory properties were examined in order to determine their suitability as functional refreshing drinks of good nutritional value. Results for titrable acidity, pH, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and antioxidant capacity (total phenolic content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, and reducing power), vitamin C, and carbohydrate content indicate that the beverage formulations had suitable chemical, nutritional, and antioxidant characteristics, and may be functional. Sensory evaluation of the formulations showed that they were acceptable and refreshing, thus presenting attractive ways of delivering the health benefits of oil palm sugar and Aframomum melegueta pepper.
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Olorunmota, R. T., T. I. Ofuya, J. E. Idoko, R. A. Adebayo, and A. V. Oyedokun. "Effects of Some Plant Powders on Immatures of Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Stored Cocoa Beans." Nigerian Journal of Entomology 40, no. 2 (2024): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/nje/4202/04.0280.
Full textAbstract:
Rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica, an important insect pest of many stored food products has been reported as one of the most important pest of cocoa bean, which causes significant reduction in weight and quality of beans. High pesticides level in cocoa beans pose danger to human health and may hinder its acceptance in the global market due to regulations on Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). This study therefore, evaluated the insecticidal effects of the powders of Piper guineense, Aframomum melegueta, Eugenia aromatica and Rice husk on egg hatchability and larva mortality of C. cephalonica. Powder efficacies as insecticides were tested by applying varying rates (0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4g) on petri dish lined with filter paper and the developmental stages (20 eggs and 10 larvae) of the insect were introduced in a Completely Randomized Design experiment. Egg hatchability was recorded at 24 h interval for 96 h. Larvae mortality was recorded at every 24 and 48 h of introduction. All powders completely inhibited egg hatchability at 0.3 and 0.4g rates. P. guineense and A. melegueta recorded 60% and 50% larva mortality at 48hour post treatment. Mean adult emergence was zero at higher rates in all treatments. Powders of P. guineense and A. melegueta were effective as contact bio-insecticide against C. cephalonica immature stages
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Bamidele, Helen O. "Antifungal Potency of Aframomum melegueta (Alligator Pepper) Seed Extracts on Postharvest Rot Fungi of Two Citrus Species." Sustainable Food Production 6 (May 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/sfp.6.1.
Full textAbstract:
This study was carried out to test the potency of both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of small and large Aframomum melegueta (alligator pepper) on the control of postharvest deterioration of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) and lemon (Citrus limonum) caused mostly by Aspergillus niger, Trichothecium roseum, Rhizoctonia species, Alternaria tenuis, Absidia ramose and Rhizopus stolonifer which were isolated from the fruits of lime and lemon. The fungal isolated were tested for its ability to cause the same disease condition in a healthy Citrus (C. limonum and C. aurantifolia).The extracts were concentrated at different range from 5-30 mg/ml. The study showed that the extracts of Aframomum melegueta were able to suppress fungi growth on Citrus aurantifolia and Citrus limonum. All the concentrations of the ethanolic extract of small A. melegueta were potent to all the organisms. The small seed ethanolic extracts were most effective on Rhizopus stolonifer while larege seed ethanolic extracts were most effective on Alternaria tenuis which recorded the highest zone of inhibition. I recommended that 5mg/ml concentration which has the highest zone of inhibition of the extract can be used as spray in controlling the postharvest deterioration of the citrus fruits. Therefore, they will serve as a good natural seed fungicide (protectant) against Citrus in storage.
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Iyere, M. A., M. A. Bamikole, U. J. Ikhatua, O. J. Babayemi, and G. S. Egigba. "Effect of some medicinal herbs and spices from Enugu and Kaduna States, Nigeria, on in-vitro rumen fermentation and methanogenesis." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 2 (2020): 241–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i2.42.
Full textAbstract:
A study was carried out to determine the effect of medicinal plants from Enugu (En) and Kaduna (Kd) States on in-vitro rumen fermentation and methanogenesis. Twelve medicinal plants comprising herbs and spices were collected from En and Kd States, respectively. The chemical composition and cell wall component (NDF, ADF and hemicellulose) of the plants were determined. The samples were evaluated in an in-vitro study at an inclusion level of 10 mg/ 200 mg substrate. The experiment was laid out in a factorial arrangement and executed as a randomized complete block design with incubation done in batches. At the completion of the 24-hour incubation period, total gas volume (GV), dry matter digestibility (DMD), fermentation efficiency (FE) and CH were determined while organic matter digestibility 4 (OMD), short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and metabolisable energy (ME) were estimated from established equations. The chemical composition indicated range values of 72.82 (Allium sativum, En) - 95.73% (Aloe barbadense, Kd) for DM, 7.01 (Aframomum elegueta, En) – 30.59% (Allium sativum, En) for CP, 8.94 (Allium sativum, Kd) – 81.41% (Cymbopogon citratus, En) for NDF, 3.58 (Allium sativum, En) – 63.64% (Xylopia aethiopica, En) for ADF, 1.79 (Allium cepa, Kd) - 48.77 % (Aframomum melegueta, En) for hemicellulose, 2.64 (Aframomum melegueta, En) – 22.51% (Ageratum conyzoides, Kd) and 77.49 (Ageratum conyzoides, Kd) – 97.36% (Aframomum melegueta, En) for ash and OM, respectively. The effect of location on chemical composition varied among the plant types with significantly higher (P < 0.05) levels of CP in most of the Kd plants. The range for GV, DMD, CH 4 percentage, CH reduction, FE, OMD, SCFA and ME were 85.00 (Ageratum conyzoides, Kd) 4 - 149.49 mL/g DM (Aloe barbadense, Kd), 525.50 (Sida acuta, Kd) - 764.50 g/Kg DM (Aframomum melegueta, En), 45.75 (Allium sativum, En) - 72.59% (Aframomum melegueta, Kd), 2.36 (Allium cepa, Kd) - 32.86% (Zingiber officinale, Kd), 4.23 (Sida acuta, Kd) - 8.12 (Ageratum conyzoides, Kd), 45.83 (Ageratum conyzoides, Kd) – 57.18% (Cymbopogon citratus, Enugu; Aloe barbadense, Kd), 0.35 (Ageratum conyzoides, Kd) - 0.66 mmol/200 mg DM (Cymbopogon citratus, En) and 5.18 (Ageratum conyzoides, Kd) – 6.93 MJ/Kg DM (Cymbopogon citratus, En; Aloe barbadense, Kd) respectively. Allium sativum bulbs, Zingiber officinale rhizomes, Cymbopogon citratus and Sida acuta (both locations) reduced CH production without adversely affecting the desired fermentation parameters indicating 4 that the medicinal plants have methane reducing potential.
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Badmos, AA, AA Imam, AA Annongu, et al. "Preservative effects of aqueous and ether extracts of Aframomum melegueta on West African soft cheese." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 46, no. 1 (2017): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v46i1.32177.
Full textAbstract:
The Total Bacterial Count, proximate composition, and sensory evaluation of West African Soft Cheese supplemented with aqueous and ether extracts of the spice Aframomum melegueta (at 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% each) were determined with a completely randomized design. Effects of the spice were monitored for 3 days. The results revealed that 3% concentration of the ether extract of the spice was the most inhibitory (p<0.05) of microbial growth for the duration of the experiment and it also significantly improved the fat, ash and protein contents of the cheese. The study recommended the addition of 3 % ether extract of A. melegueta as an additive to fortify West African soft cheese.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2017. 46 (1): 51-56
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Mbuntcha, Gueaba Helene, Dongmo Hervet Paulin Fogang, Armel Jackson Seukep, et al. "GC-MS/FID analysis, antibacterial activity and modes of action of essential oils from three Aframomum species found in Cameroon against foodborne pathogenic bacteria." Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology 14, no. 2 (2021): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v14i2.5.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The current study examined the chemical profile and in vitro antibacterial activity of essential oils (EOs) extracted from Aframomum danielli (leaves and seeds), Aframomum chlamydentum (leaves), and Aframomum melegueta (leaves) against foodborne pathogenic bacteria.
 Methods: The hydro-distillation technique using a Clevenger-type apparatus was used to extract EOs, whereas the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC coupled to Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) allowed the chemical characterization of oil constituents. The broth micro-dilution method was applied for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Besides, some modes of action were studied on the cell membrane integrity and biofilm formation of Salmonella typhi.
 Results: The major compounds identified from EOs of A. danielli seeds were eucalyptol (48.707%), limonene (11.368%), beta pinene (10.342-10.335%), and alpha terpineol (8.785-9.049%), whereas EOs from A. danielli leaves were dominated by sabinene (42.87%), beta pinene, (11.22%), caryophyllene (7.84%), terpinen-4-ol (5.68%), linalool (3.48%) and gamma terpinene (2.02%). Major volatile markers from EOs of A. chlamydentum leaves comprised beta pinene (49.72%), caryophyllene (10.62%), alpha pinene (6.21%) and linalool (2.96%), while those of EOs from A. melegueta included beta pinene (37.15%), caryophyllene (17.64%), caryophyllene oxide (8.72%) and alpha pinene (8.26%). This study is the first to report on the chemical constituents of EOs from A. chlamydentum. Test oils displayed significant antibacterial activity with the MIC ranging from 0.0625 to 0.5% (v/v). EOs from A. melegueta (leaves) appeared to be the most active, acting against all tested bacteria. All EOs identified displayed bactericidal effects against Citrobacter freundii, a bacterium known to cause a broad range of infections associated with a higher rate of in-hospital mortality. The EOs from A. melegueta may act through perturbation of cell membrane integrity and permeability as well as the inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation.
 Conclusion: Our findings suggest the possible application of essential oils in agricultural food products for the control of bacterial diseases.
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Adeniyi, Temidayo Daniel, Moronkeji Akinpelu, Omokehinde Oseni Akinlami, Firdaws Oriade Alaga, and Mofesola Mojisola Adenika. "Evaluation of the combined extract of <i>Rauwolfia vomitoria</i> and <i>Aframomum melegueta</i> on the kidney and liver of adult male Wistar rats." Sokoto Journal of Medical Laboratory Science 9, no. 2 (2024): 203–12. https://doi.org/10.4314/sokjmls.v9i2.24.
Full textAbstract:
Phytomedicine, also known as herbal medicine, has seen a great upsurge globally. It refers to the use of plants, herbs, and mixtures of well-known plant metabolites to cure and mitigate human diseases. They are often used because they are natural and therefore assumed to be safer than allopathic medicines. In recent times, however, there has been a growing concern about their safety. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of methanolic extract of Rauwolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta on renal and liver morphology of experimental animals with respect to the expression of Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). Twenty adults male Wistar rats weighing 180-230 g were grouped into four consisting of a control and three test groups. While the control rats were administered with distilled water only, the rats in groups II and III were singly administered with methanolic extracts of Rauwolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta at standard doses of 250 mg/kg/BW respectively while rats in group IV were co-administered with the methanolic extracts of Rauwolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta at 250 mg/kg/BW respectively. At the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized, and the kidneys and livers were analyzed for histological and mRNA analysis. Histopathological findings revealed no cytopathic lesions on the renal and liver morphology across all groups while mRNA expression studies indicated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the plants by upregulating the expression of IL-10 and Nrf-2 in the treated groups. The administration of the leaf extracts of Rauwolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta at a dosage of 250 mg/kg/BW has no cytopathic effects on the kidney and liver morphology of Wistar rats with the co-administrative extract treatment better upregulating the expression of IL-10 and NRF-2 than single administration in the treated rats thus indicating its antioxidative potential and safety of usage and further validating their use in traditional medical practice.
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Lawal, Babatunde AS, and Finian K. Odoala. "Interference in drug assay by phytochemicals: An experience with colorimetric assay of amlodipine in physiological fluids." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 22, no. 11 (2024): 2327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i11.12.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: To investigate the potential interactions between methanol extract of Aframomum melegueta seeds (AMSE) and amlodipine (AML).
 Methods: Amlodipine concentrations 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 µg/mL were assayed in vitro with or without AMSE using potassium ferricyanide/FeCl3 (FeCl3/K4(Fe(CN)6)) method. The resulting solution was wavelength-scanned in the range 380 – 950 nm and absorbance read at 393.1, 455.6 and 774.8 nm.
 Results: Aframomum melegueta seeds (AMSE), when present in biological fluids and solutions of AML, interfered significantly with FeCl3/K4(Fe(CN))6. The highest interference occurred at 774.8 nm, and 50 µg/mL AMSE gave as much as 1.5 absolute unit increase in absorbance of 2.5 µg/mL when compared to its absence. Spectral scan of the sample revealed two additional peaks at 393.1 and 455.6 nm with only 0.07 and 0.16 nm unit increases in the presence of AMSE. Concentration–absorbance relationship at these two wavelengths satisfied Beer-Lambert’s law. Beyond 15 µg/mL AML at 774.8 nm, Beer-Lambert’s law was not followed.
 Conclusion: This study highlights the potential interactions between components of the methanol extract of Aframomum melegueta seeds on assay methods of AML. Furthermore, reliable concentration measurements have been made at 393.1 or 455.6 nm. This should be kept in mind when carrying out drug measurements in populations where concurrent use of herbal remedies is highly probable.
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Okigbo, R. N., Ramesh Putheti, and C. T. Achusi. "Post-Harvest Deterioration of Cassava and its Control Using Extracts ofAzadirachta IndicaandAframomum Melegueta." E-Journal of Chemistry 6, no. 4 (2009): 1274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/680519.
Full textAbstract:
Post-harvest deterioration is the most important cause of loss in cassava production and this is mainly as a result of microbial invasion of the tubers. This research was therefore carried out to identify and control the organisms responsible for post-harvest deterioration of cassava tubers. Ethanolic and water extractions ofAzadirachta Indica(A. Juss) leaves andAframomum melegueta(Schumann) seeds were used as antifungal agents and the susceptibility of four of the isolated pathogenic fungi to them was observed in culture. The tested organisms wereAspergillus nigerVan Tiegh,Botryodiplodia theobromaePat,Fusarium solani(Mart). Sacc andPenicillium oxalicumCurrie and Thom. All tested organisms showed different degrees of inhibitions by the extracts withA. nigerbeing the most inhibited by ethanolic extraction ofA. melegueta. The overall result showed thatA. indicawas more active on the organisms though it’s effects and that ofA. meleguetawere not significantly different (P>0.05).
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Ndiritu, J., I. W. Mwangi, J. I. Murungi, and R. N. Wanjau. "Uptake of p-Nitrophenol (PNP) from model aqueous solutions using raw and quaternised Afromomum melegueta peels." African Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 1, no. 1 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33886/ajpas.v1i1.165.
Full textAbstract:
Anthropogenic activities contribute large amounts of pollutants to the environment which threaten animal and human health. There is increased realization of the effect of these toxins on surface and ground water, consequently, their elimination is vital in rendering secure water for drinking as well as culpable release of effluents to our habitats. Phenolic compounds cause serious health effects to both humans and animals; a p-Nitrophenol concentration of 1 ppb changes the taste and odour of water as well as meat and fish quality. In humans, exposure to PNP causes eye and skin burns while its interaction with blood leads to confusion, cyanosis and unconsciousness. It is imperative therefore to find ways for removing PNP from water. Among the available techniques for removing PNP from water, adsorption is more convenient and offers more advantages because of its design, simplicity, and operating flexibility. The present study involved application of peels of raw Afromomum melegueta (RAM) and quaternised Afromomum melegueta (QAM) to remove PNP from water through adsorption. The raw adsorbents were modified with a quaternary ammonium salt to improve their uptake efficiency. The impact of experimental parameters; contact time, pH, sorbent dose, temperature and concentration were investigated. Attenuated FTIR technique was employed to characterize the adsorbent materials. It was established that the quaternary ammonium compound was anchored chemically within the cellulose structure of Afromomum melegueta peels. The behavior of adsorption of PNP was investigated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The physical sorption load was 8.70 and 106.38 mg/g for RAM and QAM peels respectively from Langmuir adsorption equation. Uptake of PNP is high at the first 30 mins of contact and at sorbent dosage of 0.01 g and 0.03 g for RAM and QAM respectively. Quantity of PNP removed increases as the initial concentration rises however, adsorption decreases after a concentration exceeding 30 mg/L. The ideal pH and temperature for PNP removal is at pH 3 and 25 ˚C respectively. In conclusion, the findings suggest that Afromomum melegueta peels can be friendly to the environment, cheap biosorbents and efficient which can be applied for the uptake of PNP from drinking water
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ATABA, Essoham, Gnatoulma KATAWA, Gerard A. TOUDJI, et al. "Toxicity, chemical composition, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of plants used for the treatment of helminth infections in the Kara and Central region of Togo." Journal of Applied Biosciences 156 (December 26, 2020): 16114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.156.5.
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Objectives: Traditional healers (THs) from the Central and Kara regions of Togo use Aframomum melegueta(Alligator pipper), Khaya senegalensis (Senegal mahogany) and Xylopia aethiopica (Kani pepper) for the treatment of helminths infections. We previously confirmed the anthelmintic effects of these plants. THs had little information about plants compounds, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities and toxicity. The present study aimed to investigate antiinflammatory, antioxidant activities and toxicity of Aframomum melegueta, Khaya senegalensis and Xylopia aethiopica used for the treatment of helminthiasis in the Central and Kara regions of Togo. Methodology and Results: Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the inhibition method of lipoxygenase type IB extracted from soybean. The concentrations of polyphenols and flavonoids were measured respectively by the FolinCiocalteu reagent reduction method and the Aluminium chloride colorimetric method. Antioxidant activity was assessed by the DPPH and ABTS assays. Acute and subchronic toxicity was performed on Wistar rats according to OECD recommendations. Khaya senegalensis and Xylopia aethiopica showed, a greater anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting lipoxygenase activity in vitro and antioxidant activity (Aframomum melegueta; ABTS 32.79±3.79 mgEAA/100mg and Xylopia aethiopica; DPPH IC50 of 2278.89±104.68 µg/mL). Khaya senegalensis contained a high concentration of flavonoids (1.39±0.07 mgEQ/100mg) and phenols (329.21±19.99 mgEGA /100mg). No toxic effects were observed for the chosen doses with these plants extract. Conclusions and application of findings: Extracts of Khaya senegalensis and Xylopia aethiopica had anti-inflammatory activities. In addition, extracts of Khaya senegalensis and Aframomum meleguetahad excellent antioxidant power and had the highest concentrations of polyphenols and flavonoids. This finding could justify the traditional use of these plant Ataba et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Toxicity, chemical composition, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of plants used for the treatment of helminth infections in the Kara and central region of Togo. 16115 organ extracts for the treatment of helminth infections and provide scientific evidence to traditional healers in the central region and Kara in Togo. However, further studies are necessary to determine the molecules responsible for the pharmacological properties of these plant organ extracts and their mechanisms of action. Key words: Aframomun melegueta, Khaya senegalensis, Xylopia aethiopica, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity.
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Olunkwa, Uche Emmanuel, Kizito Munachiso Enyereibenyem Iheanacho, Chidi Uzoma Igwe, and Linus Ahuwaraeze Nwaogu. "Phytochemical analysis and effect of short-term administration of aqueous seed extract of Aframomum melegueta on haematologic indices of female albino rats." Future Natural Products 9, no. 2 (2024): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/fnp.166.
Full textAbstract:
Background and aims: Aframomum melegueta (Alligator pepper) is a dietary spice widely used for entertainment, religious rites, food flavor enhancer, possessing erythropoietic potentials, and many other medicinal uses. Women are included in eating this widely used spice. This experiment determined the health risk or benefit of short-term administration of aqueous seed extract of A. melegueta on haematologic indices of female albino rats. Methods: Thirty adult female albino rats weighing 160 to 200 g were used for the study. Male rats were introduced into the female rat cages of groups II-V within 12h at the expected estrous phase for mating and withdrawn afterward. Groups I, II, and III were orally administered distilled water only, while groups IV and V received oral doses of 5 µg/kg b.w. Cabergoline and 3000 mg/kg b.w. aqueous seed extract of A. melegueta respectively 24 hours postpartum and once daily by oral gavage for three days. Results: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) identified twelve functional groups in the seed extracts, namely –OH, -NH2 , CH, -NH3 +, -CH3 , -OH, -N=C=O, -C≡N, -C=C=C, -NH, -CH3 and -1,3,5-trisubstituted benzenes, while gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GCFID) determined 15 bioactive components namely kaempferol, naringenin, Sapogernin, flavanones, anthocyanin, flavan-3-ol, cyanogenic glycoside, ribalinidine, rutin, catechin, resveratrol, spartein, epicatechin, steroid and phytate. Non-significant alterations in hemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV), and red blood cell count were observed. There was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in WBC during pregnancy, but it was improved postpartum. However, platelet count was significantly (P<0.05) reduced after extract administration. Conclusion: The results indicate no adverse anemic condition elicited during pregnancy and delivery on haematologic parameters, namely red blood cells, hemoglobin, and PCV, with a significant decrease in WBC during pregnancy as well as reduction in platelet counts (thrombocytopenia) of extract treated animals post-partum likely due to the flavonoid, resveratrol as well as rutin and (–)-epicatechin components of A. melegueta and thus may increase the risk of bleeding disorders but reflects a positive anti-atherogenic and cardioprotective effect.
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Okweche, Simon Idoko, Sylvia Bassey Umoetok, and Ukatu Patrick Odey. "Comparative Efficacy of Insecticidal Plants on the Management of Groundnut Bruchid (Caryedon Serratus)." Journal of Agricultural Studies 4, no. 3 (2016): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v4i3.9681.
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Laboratory study was conducted to determine the efficacy of insecticidal plant extracts Azadirachta indica A. (Juss), Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae), Eupatorium odoratum L. (Asteraceae), Tephrosia vogelii Hook, Afromomum melegueta K.M. (Schumann) and Ocimum gratissimum (L) leaves against groundnut bruchid beetle (Caryedon serratus), and a synthetic insecticide (Cypermethrin) (10EC)) under ambient condition of temperature and relative humidity (30°C and 72%). One hundred grams of shelled groundnut was weighed into jute bags and treated with powders of the insecticidal plants. Both treated and untreated bags of groundnut were then infested with newly emerged adult of C. serratus (20 per bag) and covered. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and replicated four times. Parameters assessed included number of egg oviposited, number of eggs hatched (eclosion) and number of adults that emerged from each treatment, total developmental period (egg – adult), sex ratio of the emerged adults and finally percentage germination of the treated seeds. Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance and treatment means were separated using Duncan multiple range tests at P ≤ 0.05 level of significance. Results showed that A. indica, L. camara, T. vogelli, A. melegueta and O. gratissimum treated seeds significantly recorded lowest mean number of eggs, reduced damage by C. serratus and increased germination percentage compared with E. odoratum and control. In conclusion, A. indica, L. camara, T. vogelli, A. melegueta and O. gratissimum have the potentials as alternatives to synthetic insecticides in the management of C. serratus by resource poor farmers.
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Al-Asady, Fatima H., and Mohammed W. H. AL-Mohanna. "Evaluation of the preventive effects of alligator pepper aframomum melegueta aqueous extract against titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced oxidative stress in adult wistar rats." International Journal of Advanced Chemistry 12, no. 2 (2024): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/b05t6x21.
Full textAbstract:
This study evaluated the potential protective effects of Alligator pepper Aframomum melegueta (AM) seeds' aqueous extract in adult Wistar rats treated with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (Tio2NP). The study included the preparation of an A. melegueta aqueous extract of AP. Thirty-six healthy adult male Wistar rats were used, randomly distributed into six groups containing six rats, each dosed orally for 60 consecutive days; group 1: control group (5ml b.w. distilled water only: Group 2:100 mg/kg TIO2 NP suspension). Group 3:100mg/kg AM Aqueous extract). Group 4: 200 mg/kg AM Aqueous extract). Group 5:100 mg/kg b.w. AM before 4 hours receive TIO2 NP 100 mg/kg b.w.). Group 6:200 mg/kg b.w AM Aqueous extract before four h receive TIO2 NP 100 mg/kg b.w.The study results revealed that Restoring normal levels of blood lipid profile in G5andG6 is represented by a significant p < 0.05 decrease in the level of cholesterol, LDL accompanied by a significant p < 0.05 increase in the level of HDL compared to the Tio2NP group. A. melegueta aqueous extract 100 and 200 mg/kg was highly protected from the toxicity of TIO2 NP in Wistar rats by a significant p < 0.05 increase of SOD and Catalase level and p < 0.05 decreased MDA. The study suggested that when taken orally, the aqueous extract of AM seeds improves the defense against adverse effects of Tio2NP that cause oxidative stress and change the lipid profile, depending on the dose.
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Omoboyowa, Damilola A., Agha O. Aja, Florence Eluu, and Kerian C. Ngobidi. "Effects of Methanol Seed Extract of Aframomum melegueta (Alligator Pepper) on Wistar Rats with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Induced Hemolytic Anemia." Recent Advances in Biology and Medicine 03 (2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/rabm.2017.03.443648.
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The prevalence of parasitic infections such as malaria, which leads to decrease in hematological indices, the major cause of anemia, constitutes a serious health challenge in many developing countries such as Nigeria. This study investigated the effect of methanol seed extract of Aframomum melegueta on selected hematological indices of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH)-induced anemic rats model. The toxicity study and qualitative phytochemical screening of the extract were carried out using standard procedure. Twenty Wistar rats were grouped into five of four rats each (n = 4). Group I: Normal control; Group II: Negative control; Group III: administered 20 ml/kg b.w. of Astifer (Standard drug); Group IV and V were administered 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. of the extract, respectively. The animals of Groups II to V were induced with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (20 mg/kg b.w.) once daily for seven consecutive days; their blood samples were collected by ocular puncture into heparinized capillary tubes for hematological analysis and animals with packed cell volume (PCV) ≥ 30% reduction were considered anemic for the study. The result of the qualitative phytochemical analysis showed that the methanol extract tested positive to alkaloids, carbohydrate, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and anthraquinones. Acute toxicity and lethality studies on methanol extract showed an oral LD50 equal or less than 5000 mg/kg b.w. in mice. The rats administered 20 ml/kg b.w. of Astifer showed significant (P < 0.05) increase in PCV, hemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, and neutrophils count compared with the normal control animals. The rats administered 200 mg/kg b.w. of A. melegueta showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher PCV and WBC count; non significant (P > 0.05) decrease in hemoglobin count, RBC, platelet, neutrophils and lymphocyte count compared with the normal control animals. The rats administered 400 mg/kg b.w. of A. melegueta showed significant (P < 0.05) increase in hemoglobin, platelet, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and neutrophils count; non significant (P > 0.05) lower PCV, RBC, WBC count, and lymphocyte count compared with anemic rats administered with 0.3 ml of normal saline. It can be concluded that Aframomum melegueta seed has beneficial immunological and hematological properties in Wistar rats and possessed erythropoietic potentials at minimal dose that support its use for treating anemia.
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Nwarienne, Chiamaka Maryann, Gabriel Ejike Igbokwe, David Chibuike Ikwuka, Uchenna Modestus Ezugwu, and Kerian Chigozie Ngobidi. "Effects of Zingiber officinale and Seeds of Aframomum melegueta Extract on Some Biochemical and Immunological Indices of Electric Foot Shock Stress-Induced Wistar Rats." Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 25, no. 8 (2023): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2023/v25i8634.
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Stress in general captures the process that individuals experience when environmental demands exceed the capacity of an individual, there is consistent evidence that stress is associated with a variety of negative health outcomes which happens through a variety of mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Zingiber officinale and the seeds of Aframomum melegueta extracts on some biochemical and immunological indices of electric foot shock stress-induced Wistar rats. Forty-five Wistar rats were randomized into nine groups (A-I) of five rats per group. Group A served as standard control and was not induced with electric shock, group B served as negative control hence they were induced and untreated, group C served as the positive control and was administered 2.9 mg/kg magnesium while groups D and E were administered 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of Zingiber officinale extract and groups F and G were administered 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of Aframomum melegueta extract respectively, while co extract of Z. officinale and A. melegueta was administered to group H and I at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight respectively. At the end of the experimental period, the animals were sacrificed and the sera obtained were used for bioassay analysis. There was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the cortisol levels of extract-treated groups from week 1 (2.56±0.55 µg/dl) to week 4 (1.85±0.30 µg/dl) compared to the untreated group (3.98±0.69 µg/dl) (week 1) and (8.57±1.31 µg/dl) (week 4) as well as the kidney function test. The liver function test revealed a significant decrease in liver biomarkers (Alanine Aminotransferase, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Alkaline Phosphatase, direct bilirubin, and total bilirubin) in the extract-treated groups compared to the untreated control group. The extract of the plants impacted the White blood cell and its differentials while there was a significant decrease in the C-reactive protein in the extract-treated group (2.38±0.22 mg/l) compared to the untreated control (9.93±1.50 mg/l). The findings from this research showed that the extracts of Z. officinale and A. melegueta affects some biochemical and immunological parameters and hence could serve as a potential therapeutic agent to fight against stress and its related disorders.
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Okoli, C. O., P. A. Akah, S. V. Nwafor, U. U. Ihemelandu, and C. Amadife. "Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Seed Extracts ofAframomum melegueta." Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants 13, no. 1 (2007): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j044v13n01_02.
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Adesina, Jacobs Mobolade, Kayode David Ileke, and Yallappa Rajashekar. "Eugenia aromatica O. Berg and Afromomum melegueta K. Schum botanical entomocides as possible synergetic protectant against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricus) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) infestation on stored cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)." Herba Polonica 65, no. 2 (2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2019-0008.
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Summary Introduction: Post-harvest protection of food grains against stored products insects’ infestation is a complementary means towards ensuring food security. Objective: Powders and extracts from Eugenia aromatica O. Berg and Aframomom melegueta K. Schum are to be evaluated for their synergetic effects on Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricus under laboratory conditions. Methods: The products were applied at rates of 1 g/20 g and 1% conc./20 g cowpea seeds respectively. Results: Findings show that E. aromatica products was more effective by evoking 100% mortality within 24 and 48 h, while synergetic effects of the two products evoked 100% mortality at 72 and 96 h. The survival of the bruchids treated with plant powder from eggs to adults indicated that, control had significant (p<0.05) progeny development (75.50%) in comparison with sole application of E. aromatica and combination with A. melegueta which recorded no progeny development. Conclusion: The study revealed that the plant products exerted toxicity effect against cowpea bruchid. Thus, they can be used to prevent egg hatching and thereby helping in the management of cowpea seeds.
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Adefegha, Stephen A., Ganiyu Oboh, Bathlomew M. Okeke, and Sunday I. Oyeleye. "Comparative Effects of Alkaloid Extracts from Aframomum melegueta (Alligator Pepper) and Aframomum danielli (Bastered Melegueta) on Enzymes Relevant to Erectile Dysfunction." Journal of Dietary Supplements 14, no. 5 (2017): 542–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2016.1272661.
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Adesegun, E. A., A. K. Akintokun, E. O. Ajayi, O. S. Adebayo, and O. A. Enikuomehin. "Sclerotium rolfsiimanagement in tomato usingAframomum melegueta,Ocimum gratissimumandCymbopogon citratus." Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection 46, no. 6 (2013): 732–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2012.750816.
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Chomini, M. S., M. K. Peter, M. Ameh, A. E. Chomini, E. A. Bassey, and A. O. Ayodele. "Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activities of Aframomum melegueta (K. Schum) Seed Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 8 (2020): 1419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i8.17.
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The phytochemical screening and antibacterial effects of Aframomum melegueta (K. Schum)on Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae was carried out. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, anthraquinones, terpenoids, glycosides and phenols in the seed extract. The susceptibility test showedzones of inhibition (ZOI) of S. typhi (11.0mm) and K. pneumonia (13.0mm)with methanolic seed extract (MSE), while the hot aqueous seed extract (HASE) recorded 3.0mmas ZOI for both test organisms. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 200mg/ml and 100mg/ml were recorded against S. typhi and K. pneumoniae respectively with MSE, while HASE indicated 400mg/ml and 200mg/ml MICs against S. typhi and K. pneumoniae respectively. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) obtained from MSE were 200 mg/ml and 25mg/ml for S. typhiand K. pneumoniae, while HASE had > 400mg/ml for test microbes. The effectiveness of different concentrations of the test plant extracts on the test organisms was significant (P<0.05). Further trials involving other clinical isolates and botanicals at different concentrations be conducted, to optimize theprocess.
 Keywords: Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, Aframomum melegueta, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae
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Sudeep, Heggar Venkataramana, Illuri Ramanaiah, Raj Amritha, Puttaswamy Naveen, Kuluvar Gouthamchandra, and Kodimule Shyamprasad. "A Standardized Aframomum melegueta Seed Extract Regulates Browning of White Adipose Tissue in High-Fat Diet Model Mice." Natural Product Communications 16, no. 9 (2021): 1934578X2110337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x211033744.
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Thermogenesis-mediated energy expenditure is a promising strategy to combat obesity. Aframomum melegueta commonly known as grains of paradise (GP) is a popular spice with medicinal attributes in promoting health. We have demonstrated the thermogenic effects of a standardized A melegueta seed extract (AMSE) containing not <10% 6-paradol in high fat diet-fed (HFD) mice. The 6-week oral ingestion of 20 and 40 mg/kg AMSE significantly limited the weight gain, improved the brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in HFD mice. Interestingly, AMSE markedly induced the beige adipocytes in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT). AMSE treatment led to the upregulation of marker proteins i.e., uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in eWAT and BAT. Our findings add to the current understanding of the thermogenic potentials of GP seed extract and report that the extract can stimulate the browning of WATs in addition to enhanced BAT activity. AMSE requires clinical validation to be explored as a dietary supplement/functional ingredient with thermogenic effect in food and beverages.
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Atchan Nwakiban, Achille Parfait, Anna Passarelli, Lorenzo Da Dalt, et al. "Cameroonian Spice Extracts Modulate Molecular Mechanisms Relevant to Cardiometabolic Diseases in SW 872 Human Liposarcoma Cells." Nutrients 13, no. 12 (2021): 4271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13124271.
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The molecular pathophysiology of cardiometabolic diseases is known to be influenced by dysfunctional ectopic adipose tissue. In addition to lifestyle improvements, these conditions may be managed by novel nutraceutical products. This study evaluatedthe effects of 11 Cameroonian medicinal spice extracts on triglyceride accumulation, glucose uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and interleukin secretion in SW 872 human adipocytes after differentiation with 100 µM oleic acid. Triglyceride content was significantly reduced by all spice extracts. Glucose uptake was significantly increased by Tetrapleura tetraptera, Aframomum melegueta and Zanthoxylum leprieurii. Moreover, Xylopia parviflora, Echinops giganteus and Dichrostachys glomerata significantly reduced the production of ROS. Concerning pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, we observed that Tetrapleura tetraptera, Echinops giganteus, Dichrostachys glomerata and Aframomum melegueta reduced IL-6 secretion. In addition, Xylopia parviflora, Monodora myristica, Zanthoxylum leprieurii, and Xylopia aethiopica reduced IL-8 secretion, while Dichrostachys glomerata and Aframomum citratum increased it. These findings highlight some interesting properties of these Cameroonian spice extracts in the modulation of cellular parameters relevant to cardiometabolic diseases, which may be further exploited, aiming to develop novel treatment options for these conditions based on nutraceutical products.
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G.J, Ibikunle, Akintola A.O, Oladoye S.O, Ayodele E.T, and Falade V.A. "Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of Phytochemicals from pod Extracts of Aframomum Melegueta." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 5, no. 10 (2024): 187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.5.1024.2707.
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Audu, H., G. A. Ajibade, D. M. Dibal, and Y. Magaji. "Comparative Study of Phytochemicals and Proximate Composition of Parkia biglobosa, Xylopia aethiopica and Aframomum melegueta for Nutraceutical Applications." Sahel Journal of Life Sciences FUDMA 3, no. 1 (2025): 87–91. https://doi.org/10.33003/sajols-2025-0301-11.
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This study was conducted to compare the phytochemical constituents, proximate composition, and concentration of Vitamin C, E, and B carotene of Aframomum melegueta, Xylopia aethiopica, and Parkia biglobosa to determine which spice has the highest antioxidant potential. The methanol extracts of the spice plants were subjected to Phytochemical, Proximate, and Vitamin Screening using Standard Procedures. The results showed that all three selected spices contained tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and cyanogenic glycosides in varying levels of abundance but differed in the presence of alkaloids. Parkia biglobosa contained the highest concentration of Flavonoids (136.74±0.015), Xylopia aethiopica contained the highest concentration of Vitamin E (10.30mg/100g and Beta Carotene (11.08mg/100g) which are good sources of antioxidants. Aframomum melegueta contained the highest amount of vitamin C (19.10±0.02). Parkia biglobosa extract was richest in protein with 35.02% and fat (25.57%) while Xylopia aethiopica was found to have a high amount of carbohydrates (63.15%) and the lowest amount of lipid (10.27%) and protein (8.75%). The result showed that the inclusion of these spices in food is highly recommended and even more in a combined form as synergetic functionality will provide the body with the required nutrients and antioxidants for disease prevention as well as the maintenance of good health.
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., B. A. S. Lawal, A. O. Aderibigbe ., G. A. Essiet ., and A. D. Essien . "Hypotensive and Antihypertensive Effects of Aframomum melegueta Seeds in Humans." International Journal of Pharmacology 3, no. 4 (2007): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2007.311.318.
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Dibwe, Dya Fita, Suresh Awale, Hiroyuki Morita, and Yasuhiro Tezuka. "Anti-austeritic Constituents of the Congolese Medicinal Plant Aframomum melegueta." Natural Product Communications 10, no. 6 (2015): 1934578X1501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1501000650.
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In the course of our search for anticancer agents based on a novel anti-austerity strategy, we found that the CHCl3 extract of the roots of Aflamomum melegueta (Zingiberaceae), collected in the Democratic Republic of Congo, killed PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells preferentially in nutrient-deprived medium (NDM). Phytochemical investigation of the CHCl3 extract led to the isolation of seven known compounds [(-)-buplerol (1), (-)-arctigenin (2), ( E)-14-hydroxy-15-norlabda-8(17),12-dien-16-al (3), labda-8(17),12-dien-15,16-dial (4), 16-oxo-8(17),12( E)-labdadien-15-oic acid (5), 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (6), and apigenin (7)]. In addition to the previously reported preferentially cytotoxic compound, (-)-arctigenin (2, PC50 0.5 μM), (-)-buplerol (1) also displayed potent preferential cytotoxicity with a PC50 value of 8.42 pM and triggered apoptosis-like PANC-1 cell death in NDM.
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Gröblacher, Barbara, Veronika Maier, Olaf Kunert, and Franz Bucar. "Putative Mycobacterial Efflux Inhibitors from the Seeds of Aframomum melegueta." Journal of Natural Products 75, no. 7 (2012): 1393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np300375t.
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Umukoro, S., and R. B. Ashorobi. "Effect ofAframomum melegueta. Seed Extract on Castor Oil–Induced Diarrhea." Pharmaceutical Biology 43, no. 4 (2005): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880200590951748.
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Ambali, Owoola Azeezat, Samuel Ayoolu Oguntimehin, Edith Oriabure Ajaiyeoba, Omonike Oluyemisi Ogbole, and Adekunle Johnson Adeniji. "Bioassay-guided isolation of cytotoxic constituents of Aframomum melegueta K.Schum. seeds." Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine 25, no. 1 (2021): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njnpm.v25i1.9.
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The seeds of Aframomum melegueta are used extensively in the Nigerian ethnomedicine for the management of cancer. This study therefore aimed at isolating and characterizing its cytotoxic constituents. Methanol extract of the seed was obtained through cold maceration, and it was further partitioned into n – hexane, dichloromethane and ethylacetate. The most active fraction was purified on repeated chromatographic techniques, using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), column (CC), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The extract, purified fractions and isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activities against the human Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines, using MTT assay. The crude extract and n-hexane fraction were found to be selectively cytotoxic to the cancer cell lines. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the n-hexane fraction led to the isolation of three compounds, which were identified as 6-shogaoal, 6-paradol, and 1-dehydro-6-gingerdione. 6-shogaoal demonstrated the highest cytotoxicity with CC50 values of 0.11 ± 0.02 and 0.25 ± 0.05ìg/mL against RD and MCF-7 cell lines respectively, and these were higher in activity when compared with cyclophosphamide (CC50 = 1.98 ± 0.15 and 0.71 ± 0.7ìg/mL). The presented data validates the ethnomedicinal use of A. melegueta in the treatment of cancer and is also indicative of the potential of 6-shogaol as an anticancer agent.
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Khan, M. E., K. O. Adebayo, I. G. Osigbemhe, et al. "COMPARATIVE PROXIMATE COMPOSITION, ANTI-NUTRITIONAL ANALYSES AND ANT-MICROBIAL SCREENING OF SOME NIGERIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 7, no. 2 (2023): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0702-1722.
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The food insecurity in the world/Nigeria paves the way for more research to remedy human hunger /diseases caused by weather conditions / greenhouse effects. This study compares and validates the proximate composition, the anti-nutritional and anti-microbial screening of crude methanol extracts of three Nigerian medicinal plants; Lactuca taraxacifolia; [ moisture (10.68 ± 00%), Ash (19.48 ± 0.03%), Crude fibre (39.16 ± 0.10%), Crude Protein (7.97± 0.03%), Lipid (11.77± 0.02%), Carbohydrate (29.91± 0.13%), Oxalate > Phylate > Tannin; the inhibition zones for the most effective concentration of 50 mg / mL : Staphylococcus. aureus 45.66 ± 0.00, Escherichia coli 49.40 ± 0.01, Salmonella typhi 42.30 ± 0.00, Streptococcus faecalis 41.90 ± 0.01]. Aframomum melegueta; {Moisture (4.36 ± 0.04 %), Ash (6.75 ± 0.03%), Crude fibre (19.92 ± 0.11 %), Protein (5.48 ± 0.04 %), Crude fat (3.60 ± 0.13%), Carbohydrate (59.49 ± 004%), Tannin > Phylate > Oxalate; S. aureus 20.22 ± 0.01, E. coli 30.21 ± 0.30, S. typhi 15.24 ± 0.11, S. faecalis 15.61 ± 0.13} and Ocimum gratissimum; [Moisture (12.43 ± 0.22%), Ash (17.77 ± 0.04%), Fibre (19.91± 0.15%), Protein (1.92 ± 0.26%), Fat (11.80 ± 0.02%), Carbohydrate (42.63 ± 0.06%), Tannin > Phylate > Oxalate; S. aureus 35.03 ± 0.00, E. coli 34.22 ± 0.71, S. typhi 32.02 ± 0.01, S. faecalis 30.01 ± 0.42]. Considering the proximate analyses, it’s seen that, A. melegueta carbohydrates is the greatest followed by O. gratissimum, then L. taraxacifolia. Their anti-nuttherapeutics and nutrients, especially during this era of food
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Muhammad, Abdullahi J., Murtala Muhammad, Abdulmumin Yunusa та ін. "Determination of Antioxidant and α–Amylase Inhibition Properties of Alligator Pepper (Aframomum Melegueta): A Potential Therapeutic Against Diabetes Mellitus". EAS Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 4, № 3 (2022): 43–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjpp.2022.v04i03.001.
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Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by raised levels of blood glucose, which over time leads to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. α-amylase Plays a major role in the digestion of starch and glycogen. Thus, inhibitors of this enzyme delay the breakdown of carbohydrates in the small intestine, thereby diminishing postprandial blood glucose in the diabetic patient. In this study, a DPPH radical scavenging activity and computational approaches were employed to uncover the potential of Aframomum Melegueta phytochemicals against type two diabetes mellitus mainly by molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, MMPBSA and ADMET analysis. The results show that it has high antioxidant properties. Molecular docking indicates that laurifolin, genkwanin and gulunalactone have good binding scores of -9.9 kcal/mol, -8.9 kcal/mol and -8.2 kcal/mol, respectively. And have interacted with at least two of the catalytic triads of α-amylase; Asp 300, Glu 233 and Asp 197. Molecular dynamic simulation results show that all the compounds are stable at the active site of the enzyme. Furthermore, MMPBSA analysis revealed they bind strongly with the binding energy of -21.77± 1.03 Kcal/mol, -17.82 ± 0.84 Kcal/mol and 15.07± 0.26 Kcal/mol for laurifolin, genkwanin and galanolactone. ADMET analysis indicated that all the ligands are water-soluble, drug-like and safe. This study shows that A. Melegueta extract has antioxidant properties and possess phytochemicals that can be exploited for further anti-diabetic drug development.
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Onoja, S., M. Ezeja, Y. Omeh, and E. Emeh. "Phytochemical and Hypolipidemic Effects of Methanolic Extract of Aframomum melegueta Seed." European Journal of Medicinal Plants 5, no. 4 (2015): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejmp/2015/15101.
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