Academic literature on the topic 'A physiological response and a behavioural or expressive response'

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Journal articles on the topic "A physiological response and a behavioural or expressive response"

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Desjardins, Julie K., and Russell D. Fernald. "What do fish make of mirror images?" Biology Letters 6, no. 6 (2010): 744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0247.

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Fish act aggressively towards their mirror image suggesting that they consider it another individual, whereas in some mammals behavioural response to mirrors may be an evidence of self-recognition. Since fish cannot self-recognize, we asked whether they could distinguish between fighting a mirror image and fighting a real fish. We compared molecular, physiological and behavioural responses in each condition and found large differences in brain gene expression levels. Although neither levels of aggressive behaviour nor circulating androgens differed between these conditions, males fighting a mi
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Cockram, MS. "A review of behavioural and physiological responses of sheep to stressors to identify potential behavioural signs of distress." Animal Welfare 13, no. 3 (2004): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600028396.

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AbstractThis paper discusses the potential for using observations of behaviour to recognise distress in sheep. The term distress is used to describe situations in which an animal is likely to be suffering, and is indicating this by overt behavioural signs. Literature on the behavioural responses of sheep to procedures that induce a physiological stress response is reviewed. This approach is based on human analogy and the assumption that physiological changes can be used to differentiate between stimuli that induce an emotional response in sheep and those that do not. The degree to which the be
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Tedeschi, J. N., W. J. Kennington, J. L. Tomkins, et al. "Heritable variation in heat shock gene expression: a potential mechanism for adaptation to thermal stress in embryos of sea turtles." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1822 (2016): 20152320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2320.

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The capacity of species to respond adaptively to warming temperatures will be key to their survival in the Anthropocene. The embryos of egg-laying species such as sea turtles have limited behavioural means for avoiding high nest temperatures, and responses at the physiological level may be critical to coping with predicted global temperature increases. Using the loggerhead sea turtle ( Caretta caretta ) as a model, we used quantitative PCR to characterise variation in the expression response of heat-shock genes ( hsp60, hsp70 and hsp90; molecular chaperones involved in cellular stress response
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Baragli, Paolo, Valentina Vitale, Lola Banti, and Claudio Sighieri. "Effect of aging on behavioural and physiological responses to a stressful stimulus in horses (Equus caballus)." Behaviour 151, no. 11 (2014): 1513–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003197.

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In humans the expression of emotions varies with aging, but for domestic animals we have little information on this subject. Our aim was to verify the influence of aging (life experience) on the expression of emotions in horses (Equus caballus) in reaction to a stressful stimulus. A total of 98 horses were subjected to the sudden inflation of a balloon in a familiar environment for a period of 5 min, on the assumption that this would induce a negative state. When the balloon was inflated, heart rate variability as an indicator of stress response was monitored. Behaviour related to emotional ex
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Cerqueira, M., S. Millot, A. Felix, et al. "Cognitive appraisal in fish: stressor predictability modulates the physiological and neurobehavioural stress response in sea bass." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1923 (2020): 20192922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2922.

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The role of cognitive factors in triggering the stress response is well established in humans and mammals (aka cognitive appraisal theory) but very seldom studied in other vertebrate taxa. Predictability is a key factor of the cognitive evaluation of stimuli. In this study, we tested the effects of stressor predictability on behavioral, physiological and neuromolecular responses in the European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ). Groups of four fish were exposed to a predictable (signalled) or unpredictable (unsignalled) stressor. Stressor predictability elicited a lower behavioural response an
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Holdsworth, Sophia E., Nikki J. Kells, Emilie Vallée, Neil Ward, David J. Mellor, and Ngaio J. Beausoleil. "Evaluating the Behavioural Responses of Healthy Newborn Calves to a Thoracic Squeeze." Animals 12, no. 7 (2022): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12070840.

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A thoracic squeeze has been observed to cause low-vigour neonates of various farmed mammal species, including calves, to enter a state of reduced responsiveness. The removal of the squeeze causes rapid recovery and the expression of normal, healthy behaviours. However, the responses of healthy calves to a thoracic squeeze have not yet been characterized. The responses of 16 healthy newborn calves to a thoracic squeeze are described, along with the effect of the squeeze’s application method on the response. Calves aged between 12 and 36 h were subjected to the squeeze using a rope (n = 8) or an
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Groot, Astrid T., Michiel van Wijk, Ernesto Villacis-Perez, et al. "Within-population variability in a moth sex pheromone blend, part 2: selection towards fixation." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 3 (2019): 182050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.182050.

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To understand how variation in sexual communication systems evolves, the genetic architecture underlying sexual signals and responses needs to be identified. Especially in animals where mating signals are important for mate recognition, and signals and responses are governed by independently assorting genes, it is difficult to envision how signals and preferences can (co)evolve. Moths are a prime example of such animals. In the noctuid moth Heliothis virescens , we found within-population variation in the female pheromone. In previous selection experiments followed by quantitative trait locus
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Kerr, C. A., and B. M. Hines. "The potential of new genetic technologies in selecting for stress resistance in pigs." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 8 (2005): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05055.

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This paper examines the potential for breeding stress resistance in pigs through an understanding of the physiology of the stress response and its associated genetic basis. Pigs reared in commercial units can encounter numerous concurrent stressors that can have a negative impact on performance and welfare. Stress induces physiological and behavioural responses that are multidimensional, consisting of a complex neuroendocrine and immune signalling milieu. Some stress-related genetic parameters have been identified using conventional genetic approaches applied in experimental models. However, t
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A, Poonguzhali, Mahantesh M, Mahalakshmi L, and Sagar N. "Detection of Stress using Wearable Biosensor." International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering 10, no. 06 (2023): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26562/ijirae.2023.v1006.12.

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As the population increases in the world, the ratio of health care takers is rapidly decreasing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to create new technologies to monitor the physical and mental health of people during their daily life. In particular, negative mental states like depression and anxiety are big problems in modern societies, usually due to stressful situations during every day activities including work. This paper presents a machine learning approach for stress detection on people using wearable physiological sensors with the final aim of improving their quality of life. The prese
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Gray, Lindsey J., Gregory A. Sword, Michael L. Anstey, Fiona J. Clissold, and Stephen J. Simpson. "Behavioural phase polyphenism in the Australian plague locust ( Chortoicetes terminifera )." Biology Letters 5, no. 3 (2009): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0764.

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Swarming and the expression of phase polyphenism are defining characteristics of locust species. Increases in local population density mediate morphological, physiological and behavioural changes within individuals, which correlate with mass marching of juveniles in migratory bands and flying swarms of adults. The Australian plague locust ( Chortoicetes terminifera ) regularly forms migratory bands and swarms, but is claimed not to express phase polyphenism and has accordingly been used to argue against a central role for phase change in locust swarming. We demonstrate that juvenile C. termini
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "A physiological response and a behavioural or expressive response"

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Abisgold, J. D. "Compensation by locusts for changes in dietary nutrients : Behavioural and physiological mechanisms." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382635.

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Krimmer, Alison, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Behavioural and physiological response of overwintering brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) to instream flow manipulations from the Canadian Rocky Mountains." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2008, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/743.

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As anthropogenic demands on water resources intensify instream flow needs are becoming an increasingly important area of study, particularly over winter months during which time little is known about the behaviour and physiology of fishes. This thesis addresses the implications of water withdrawal from a small in situ stream on brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) during the winter of 2007 and 2008 in the Rocky Mountains. Water was withdrawn from one of two stream enclosures reducing the discharge by 50% and 75%, for 4hrs daily. Behaviour was monitored using radio transmitters that were externa
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MAURO, Manuela. "Mining extraction in the ocean depths: a baseline to understand and reduce acoustic impact on biodiversity." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/395395.

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Throughout history, man has exploited the earth's mineral resources for its survival and for technological development without regard for their regeneration. Given the growth of the world population and given the fall in resources, man started looking for new deposits, which were found in 1960s in the ocean depths. Humankind then began to consider extracting minerals from these deposits and this gave origin to Deep Sea Mining (DSM). The consequences of mining activities in the deep sea are not entirely known and the effects can be varied: noise pollution, light pollution, chemical pollution, h
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Juan, Ripoll Carla de. "Virtual reality environments for the study of decision-making processes in risky contexts through the use of physiological measures and behavioural responses." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/171236.

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Tesis por compendio<br>[ES] Comprender el comportamiento humano en situaciones de riesgo, cómo los factores individuales y externos influyen en nuestras decisiones y en qué medida es posible influir y modificar nuestros comportamientos, constituye un desafío tanto para los científicos como para la sociedad en general. Desde la perspectiva de la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (SST), así como en numerosos campos como la sociología y las finanzas, este tema tiene importantes implicaciones ya que las situaciones de riesgo son un aspecto común en diversos ámbitos de nuestra vida. La toma de riesg
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Books on the topic "A physiological response and a behavioural or expressive response"

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D, Woody Charles, Alkon Daniel L, and McGaugh James L, eds. Cellular mechanisms of conditioning and behavioural plasticity. Plenum Press, 1988.

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Wassermann, Eric M. Inter- and intra-individual variation in the response to TMS. Edited by Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann, and Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0026.

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The variable amplitude of motor cortex is a striking aspect of the muscle response to transcranial magnetic stimulation. It is easy to produce large motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in some healthy subjects, while others' cortico-muscular pathways seem barely excitable, even by the strongest available stimuli. MEP amplitude and other measures also vary widely within individuals over time. The factors of these differences among and within individuals are age, gross anatomy of the individuals, genetic factors, and physiological differences associated with behavioural and other traits such as perso
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Blanckenhorn, Wolf U. Behavioral, plastic, and evolutionary responses to a changing world. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797500.003.0019.

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Organisms can respond to environmental change by modifying their behavior to obtain an instant response, through short-term phenotypically plastic, often physiological, adjustments, and/or by adapting their life history through a more long-term evolutionary response. Behavioural and physiological responses, in fact, can occur at all these three temporal scales. Examples of behaviors so affected include congregation, dispersal, foraging, migration, or mating. Such responses have consequences at the population and community levels, and ultimately for the evolution of species. This chapter discus
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Bassi, Gabriele, and Roberto Fumagalli. Pathophysiology and management of fever. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0352.

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Core body temperature is strictly regulated by autonomic and behavioural compensatory adaptations and an increase may represent a physiological stereotypical controlled response to septic and inflammatory conditions, or an uncontrolled drop in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory threshold. Fever has been demonstrated to be a potential mechanism of intrinsic resistance against infectious disease playing a pivotal role in the human evolution. High temperature may be detrimental during oxygen delivery-dependent conditions and in a neurological population. Despite this evidence, a definitive conclus
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Book chapters on the topic "A physiological response and a behavioural or expressive response"

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Bohus, B., J. M. Koolhaas, C. Nyakas, et al. "Neuropeptides and Behavioural and Physiological Stress Response: The Role of Vasopressin and Related Peptides." In Psychobiology of Stress. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1990-7_9.

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Weyl-Feinstein, S., A. Orlov, M. Yishay, et al. "4.2. Monitoring of the physiological and behavioural stress response of Holstein bulls following group mixing." In Precision livestock farming applications. Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-815-5_4.2.

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Huntley, Brian John. "Adaptations to Life in the Namib Desert." In Ecology of Angola. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18923-4_11.

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AbstractThe Namib Desert, as represented in Iona National Park, provides a living museum of the adaptations of animals and plants to extreme environments. This chapter illustrates the morphological, behavioural and physiological adaptations resulting from natural selection in response to extreme conditions of aridity and temperature. The role of water is described as the ‘currency of life’ in the Namib. Surface area to volume ratios in animals and plants determine rates of water loss through evaporation, with many succulent plant species displaying the short, stout water conserving pachycaul l
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Hendrie, C. A., and J. C. Neill. "Ethological analysis of the role of CCK in anxiety." In Multiple Cholecystokinin Receptors in the CNS. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577560.003.0012.

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Abstract Behavioural systems develop in response to evolutionary forces, and for many species one of the most important selection pressures has been predation. Species that are preyed upon have therefore developed various strategies to defend against predation which include, as the distance between a predator and a prey species closes, (1) avoiding situations where predation is likely, (2) freezing upon detection of a predator, (3) attempted escape, (4) active defence, (5) highly intense defensive threat and attack (e.g. the ‘jump attack’ in rats), and (6) tonic immobility (‘death feigning’) (
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Rosenberg, Erika L., and Paul Ekman. "Coherence Between Expressive and Experiential Systems in Emotion." In What The Face Reveals. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195104462.003.0004.

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Abstract We endorse the view that emotions involve patterns of responses that have evolved for their ability to organise disparate bodily systems to respond efficiently to critical environmental events. This position-one version of evolutionary emotion theory-postulates different patterns of responses for each emotion, and implies a coherence among behavioural, physiological, and subjective systems (Darwin, 1872/1965; Ekman, 1977, 1992; Levenson, 1988; Plutchik, 1962; Tomkins, 1962).
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Hoffmann, Ary A., and Peter A. Parsons. "Genetic variation in stress response." In Evolutionary Genetics and Environmental Stress. Oxford University PressOxford, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577324.003.0004.

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Abstract Organisms respond to environmental stress with behavioural, physiological or morphological adjustments to counter its effects and maintain normal functioning. These adjustments can take the form of stress evasion or phenotypic changes to increase stress resistance (Section 1.3). Evasion reduces contact with the stress; resistance involves one of a complex of physiological or morphological responses that enable organisms to survive and reproduce under stressful conditions.
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Henley, David E., Joey M. Kaye, and Stafford L. Lightman. "The endocrine response to stress." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.2249.

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In the face of any threat or challenge, either real or perceived, an organism must mount a series of coordinated and specific hormonal, autonomic, immune, and behavioural responses that allow it to either escape or adapt (1–3). To be successful, the characteristics and intensity of the response must match that posed by the threat itself and should last no longer than is necessary. A response that is either inadequate or excessive in terms of its specificity, intensity or duration may result in one or more of a multitude of psychological or physical pathologies (2–5). This concept of threat and
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Smith, R. Jan F. "Avoiding and deterring predators." In Behavioural Ecology of Teleost Fishes. Oxford University PressOxford, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198547846.003.0007.

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Abstract The threat of predation has profound and pervasive effects on prey fishes. If we begin with structure, the body shape, size, the degree and type of body armour, and the size and arrangement of spines are all subject to selection by predators. Colours that may attract mates can also make an animal conspicuous to predators, leading to seasonal changes in appearance or to colours that may be less than optimal for mate attraction. Control of seasonal colour changes is probably a physiological response to predation, as is the production of toxins and venoms. Behavioural responses to predat
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Harvey Pough, F., Robin M. Andrews, Martha L. Crump, Alan H. Savitzky, Kentwood D. Wells, and Matthew C. Brandley. "Diets, Foraging, and Interactions with Parasites and Predators." In Herpetology. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9781605352336.003.0018.

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This chapter begins by describing broad patterns of diet and the foraging behavior behaviour of amphibians and reptiles. These patterns are associated with morphological, physiological, and behavioral behavioural characters that facilitate location, identification, capture, ingestion, and digestion of food items. The chapter then considers amphibians and reptiles as food resources for other animals, including parasites. Because parasites are so small compared with their hosts, they are usually difficult or impossible to avoid. The response to parasitism is thus largely physiological, and defen
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Storm, Hanne. "Pain Assessment in Neonates." In Neonatal Monitoring Technologies. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0975-4.ch013.

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In the U.S. it is mandatory to assess and treat pain. Italy, France, and Russia are establishing standards that mean pain assessment and treatment may become mandatory. Physiological, behavioural, and biochemical tools have been used for pain assessment but no gold standard is yet available. These tools have both limits and benefits. The topic of this chapter is to discuss these tools for different infant groups and to conclude if they can fulfill a gold standard for pain assessment. This gold standard should be independent of the infant’s level of maturity and level of illness, should give ac
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Conference papers on the topic "A physiological response and a behavioural or expressive response"

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Miller, N. J., and J. A. Veitch. "DEFINITION MODIFICATIONS FOR TEMPORAL LIGHT MODULATION (“FLICKER”)." In CIE 2021 Conference. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x48.2021.op29.

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Terminology and concepts for temporal light modulation (TLM), commonly known as “flicker,” are defined and used inconsistently, even among researchers. A literature review by the authors has identified multiple meanings for multiple terms, so it is critical that a reader be able to translate from a single article’s definitions to a more universal set. A simple example is that “flicker” is used interchangeably as the stimulus as well as the response to the stimulus, as well as the direct visual response for a specific range of modulation frequencies. This paper endeavours to clarify communicati
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