Relevant bibliographies by topics / A private company

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'A private company'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "A private company"

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Aggarwal, Shalini. "Private Company Restructuring." Journal of Private Equity 6, no. 2 (February 28, 2003): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpe.2003.320039.

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Gelfond, Stuart, Robert Schwenkel, and Hayley Cohen. "Private Company Boards." Journal of Private Equity 20, no. 3 (May 31, 2017): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpe.2017.20.3.027.

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Holzmann, Oscar J. "Private Company GAAP." Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance 25, no. 1 (October 18, 2013): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.21911.

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Drury, Robert. "The European Private Company." European Business Organization Law Review 9, no. 1 (March 2008): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1566752908001250.

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Haley, Chris. "Demystifying Private Company Valuation." Journal of Private Equity 21, no. 2 (February 26, 2018): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpe.2018.21.2.042.

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McNamara, Raymond P., Neil J. Cocks, and David F. Hamilton. "PREDICTING PRIVATE COMPANY FAILURE." Accounting & Finance 28, no. 2 (November 1988): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-629x.1988.tb00145.x.

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Koeplin, John, Atulya Sarin, and Alan C. Shapiro. "THE PRIVATE COMPANY DISCOUNT." Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 12, no. 4 (January 2000): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6622.2000.tb00022.x.

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Phalippou, Ludovic, Christian Rauch, and Marc Umber. "Private equity portfolio company fees." Journal of Financial Economics 129, no. 3 (September 2018): 559–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2018.05.010.

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Holzmann, Oscar J., and Paul Munter. "Private Company GAAP: Part 2." Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance 25, no. 2 (December 17, 2013): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.21927.

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Fry, Michael. "Furber, Private Fortunes and Company Profits." Scottish Historical Review 80, no. 2 (October 2001): 277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2001.80.2.277.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "A private company"

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Öster, Alexandra, and Cecilia Alm. "The European Company : From a Swedish private company perspective." Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-591.

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The development within the European Union is that we are heading towards a common internal market. The law has during the year become more harmo-nized within the Union in many areas.

The company law within the European Union has become harmonized through several company law directives and the freedom of establishment, which is included in the EC Treaty.

The aim of an internal market is about to be achieved, but there are still differences between the systems of law within the Member States. To avoid these differences within the area of company law a common European company type became reality in 2004, the European public limited-liability company.

Companies within the European Union have the possibility to create a Euro-pean public limited-liability company (SE Company). The SE Company is mainly governed by the SE Regulation.

The SE company has advantages like the possibility to move the registered office from one Member State to another without losing its legal personality. It can also make the company structure easier and relief administrative costs for a company with activity in the European Union.

The company was supposed to be governed by one single set of rules, the SE Regulation, no matter where in the Union the company has its registered of-fice. This has not become reality since the SE Regulation on several occasions refers back to the national company law.

The SE Company has not been a success, only a few SE companies have been created. The advantages do not seem to be that important reasons, the companies do not seem to think that it is worth the cost and the trouble to change type of company.

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Niedostadek, Oliver. "Die Proprietary Company - das Recht der australischen private company /." Münster : Lit, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/393034968.pdf.

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Wilms, Tobias. "Die englische Ltd. in deutscher Insolvenz : nach Centros, Überseering und Inspire Art /." Baden-Baden : Nomos, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014952715&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Schoeman, W. "The use of a private company to promote and develop the property interests of rural communities." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2340.

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Thesis (LLM.) -- University of Limpopo, 2018
The aim of this study is to posit the theory that it will be more beneficial to, rather use a private company instead of a Communal Property Association (CPA) to promote and develop the property interests of previous disadvantaged rural communities. Maladministration, poor governance, misappropriation of funds and property together with diverging interests give rise to disputes and internal conflict. The research will include a literature study of relevant textbooks, case law, law journals, legislation and discussion documents. Constitutional development in property law opened the door for a different approach in the application of property rights and rights relating to property, which in return precedes to a better understanding of communal rights and the enforcement of traditional values in a democratic society. Despite these constitutional developments, the maladministration, poor governance and misappropriation of funds and property by Communal Property Association executive committees caused discontent amongst community members, necessitating the examining of the use of a private company to promote and develop the property interests of rural communities, as an alternative institution to enhance democracy and the protection of human rights in communal context. The development of, either proper legislation to ensure compliance with the principles of good governance, accountability and transparency or the use of an alternative institution, which is already required by law to comply with the said principles, to manage the affairs of a Communal Property Association, should resolve these problems. The study is primarily a critical analysis and comparative study on the relevant provisions of the Companies Act 71 of 2008 in relation to the provisions of the Communal Property Associations Act 28 of 1996 to establish whether the use of a private company can resolve the problems currently experienced by Communal Property Associations.
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Schmidbauer, Katja. "Die rechtlichen Verhältnisse der englischen Private Company Limited by Shares." Hamburg Diplomica Verlag, 2008. http://www.wiso-net.de/r%5Febook/webcgi?START=A60&DOKV%5FDB=DIPL,ADIP&DOKV%5FNO=9783836617857106&DOKV%5FHS=0&PP=1.

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Fredlund, Viktor, and Andreas Tollerup. "Valuation - The issue of illiquidity : A qualitative retake on illiquidity discounts in the context of private company valuation on the Swedish market." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-99826.

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A private company lacks a direct observable market value and several situations may require a practitioner to compute the value of a private company. Since most of the valuation methods in use are based on data derived from the public stock markets certain adjustments may be appropriate when valuing a private company. Marketability and liquidity is said to be one of the more observable differences between a public and a private company. This implies that the shares in a private company have a lack of marketability and liquidity in comparison to the shares in a public company, which practitioners may have to adjust for. Several quantitative studies are conducted on the subject in order reassure price differences between public and private companies, namely a private company discount (PCD). Furthermore, several quantitative studies strive to establish a general and standardized cost for lack of marketability (liquidity) expressed as the illiquidity discount or the discount for lack of marketability (DLOM). These studies have different perceptions and use different hypothesis to identify illiquidity, which in turn will lead to a large span of different discounts. Essentially, earlier research examines assets marketability and liquidity with the assumption of them being equal in all other aspects. Professional practitioners constantly seek guidance in these studies to justify their estimated and applied illiquidity discount/DLOM when performing a valuation on a privately held company. Furthermore, we have also observed survey-studies adopting a more qualitative method in order to appreciate the level of discounts applied in a valuation by professional practitioners. Consequently, this sea of studies provides the practitioner with a discount that ranges from 5% to 60% to take a stand on. The impossibility to determine the most adequate theory contributes to the inconsistency of how this issue is handled in reality by market participants and courts. In our study we first provide the reader with a rigorous literature study, which describes earlier research on the subject of illiquidity discount/DLOM. We conclude that research has gone one step too far when conducting all of these quantitative studies. This is why we conduct our own empirical data through semi-structured in-depth interviews with professional valuation experts on the Swedish market. This makes our approach a retake on the issue in order to generate suggestions to further studies. What we find is that all of the independent consultants, primarily, does not apply a discount when valuing a majority interest due to the paradigm on the Swedish market. In contrast, the private equity fund manager, which only acquires majority interest, can use this type of discounts in their dependent valuation of majority interests. However, when valuing a minority interest the independent valuation consultants use quantitative empirical studies to derive a starting point of the discount. The level of the discount is then estimated upon the purpose of the valuation and firm-specific variables, which all of the participant’s states to be the most important ones when estimating a illiquidity discount/DLOM. Based on these results we argue that one should be very careful when taking guidelines from quantitative empirical studies. Our interpretation is that the level of illiquidity/DLOM applicable depends on the level of attractiveness, which in turn has a bearing on all firm-specific variables. When it comes to applying the appropriate discount all of the participants argue in favor for a discount-on-value and not as some research suggest; a risk premium added to the discount rate. We also generate adequate suggestions to further studies based on these interviews. Since courts and in particular the Swedish tax-court is inconsistent when approving or rejecting illiquidity discounts/DLOM we suggest legal actions on the issue. Furthermore we suggest a survey-like study in order to catch consensus take on how to estimate the level of discount. In fact, this can be done every year in a similar way as PwC’s market risk premium study is conducted.
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Pfister, Ralph. "Die englische Gesellschaftform der Limited." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB12168184.

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Pärnering, Mikael. "Utgör Privata Militära Företag en tillgång eller ett hot mot den svenska Försvarsmakten gällande återrekrytering med soldaterna ur FS21 i huvudfokus?" Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-2210.

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Subject: Independent essay in War Science (15 points) which debate the question if PrivateMilitary Companies is an asset or a threat to the Swedish Armed Forces regarding rerecruitmentwith focus on the soldiers of FS21.That which is investigated is the general attitude amongst soldiers who have completed theirconscript duty according to the old conscript system and now is employed in order to conducta tour abroad with Afghanistan as area of operations. Further investigated is their attitudeagainst the Swedish Armed Forces as an employer, as well as the private sector whichwant/could benefit from the skills the soldiers is possessing. Could the soldiers se themselvesleave the Armed Forces before the contract has expired in benefit of private companies whichclaim they solve similar tasks. Purpose: The purpose with this essay is to contribute with knowledge about a number ofemployed soldiers’ attitude against Private Military Companies. Further; if the soldiersbelieve the Armed Forces provide them as they think they deserve/ want in order to stay andnot leave their job in favour of PMC:s, and through it clarify what the soldiers value asemployees. Order of Approach, Method and Material: The method I’m using is a survey in whichsoldiers and squad leaders have answered the questions. The soldiers and squad leaders isfurther referred to as “the soldiers”. These soldiers were consisting of 59 males and femaleswhich were in the final stage of the preparation for their Afghanistan tour. The name of thetour is FS21. Result: According to the survey a great number of respondent soldiers claimed they wouldleave the Swedish Armed Forces in order to be employed in a PMC if the salary would proveto be better. The things that were most important to the soldiers were the colleagues and a funjob as well as the closest in command. After that the salary was vital. At the bottom,according to the soldiers, was an ethical and fair job which would be highly valued in the eyesof the public. According to the statements made by the soldiers the main reasons to stay in theArmed Forces was the group cohesion, the fellowship, the friends and the closet in command.It’s not about the Armed Forces as a department or an employer, it’s the colleagues. Conclusion: This doesn’t collide with van Doorns theory1, it merely enhance the statementwhich van Doorn expresses; that the abandonment of the conscript system will force the statemanagement out on the labour market embossed by a harsh competition of the working force.In lack of possibility to measure up with the civil salary capacity the consequence could fairlybe that the troops are recruited from marginalized groups, which threatens the Armed Forcescapacity. This could also mean that the Armed Forces train and educate individuals frommarginalized groups, as well as the ordinary male or female, and of a sudden they are mostattractive at the civil sector which appreciate military skills and knowledge and se it assomething they could benefit from.This request that the Swedish Armed Forces have an ambition to keep the soldiers it educate,a more active work in keeping the soldiers in the own organisation – merely by meeting theneeds of the soldiers. It is a constant necessitate re-recruiting every day, not when thecontracts reaches its due date.
Ämne: Självständigt arbete i Krigsvetenskap (15HP) som behandlar frågan huruvida PrivataMilitära Företag är en tillgång eller ett hot mot den svenska Försvarsmakten gällandeåterrekrytering med soldaterna ur FS21 i huvudfokus. Med återrekrytering menas förnyelse avkontrakt som löper mot sitt slut.Det som undersöks är bland annat den generella inställningen hos soldater som har gjortmilitärtjänst enligt det gamla värnpliktssystemet och nu är anställda med målsättning attgenomföra utlandsmission med Afghanistan som operationsområde. Vidare undersöks derasinställning till Försvarsmaktens personalpolitik samt deras inställning till den privata sektornsom vill/kan dra nytta av kompetensen som soldaterna besitter. Skulle dessa soldater kunnatänka sig att lämna Försvarsmakten till förmån för privata företag som säger sig kunna lösaliknande uppgifter, och detta innan kontraktet med Försvarsmakten löpt ut? Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att bidra med kunskap om inställningen hos anställdasoldater ur FS21. Hur är deras inställning till Privata Militära Företag? Vidare att undersökaom Försvarsmakten, enligt dessa soldater, erbjuder dem det som önskas/anses skäligt för attinte lämna sin anställning till förmån för PMF och därigenom klargöra vad det är soldaternavärderar som anställd. Genomförande, Metod, Material: Metoden jag nyttjat mig av är en respondentundersökninggenom en enkät. Enkätundersökningen har genomförts där soldater och gruppchefer har svaratpå frågorna. Soldaterna och gruppcheferna benämns genom uppsatsen som enbart”soldaterna”. Dessa soldater utgjordes av 59 män och kvinnor som då var i slutskedet på sinutbildning och i sina förberedelser för utlandsmission till Afghanistan. Missionens benämningär FS21. Resultat: Genom enkätundersökningen påpekade väldigt många av de tillfrågade soldaternaatt de skulle lämna Försvarsmakten för att istället ta anställning inom ett PMF om lönenvisade sig vara bättre. Det som var viktigast för soldaterna var arbetskamrater och ett roligtjobb samt den närmaste chefen. Därefter var lönen att betrakta som vital. På näst sista platshamnade enligt soldaterna ett etiskt och korrekt arbete som i allmänhetens ögon är högtvärderat. Enligt de uttalanden som soldaterna gjort i fritextsvaren så är det främstgruppsammanhållningen, samhörigheten, kamraterna och den närmsta chefen som äranledningen till att stanna. Det är inte Försvarsmakten som myndighet eller arbetsgivare i sig,utan kollegorna. Slutsatser: Detta krockar inte med van Doorns teori2, utan snarare förstärker det påståendetsom van Doorn uttrycker om att övergivandet av värnpliktssystemet medför att statsledningentvingas ut på en arbetsmarknad präglad av en hård konkurrens om arbetskraften. I brist avmöjligheter att följa de civila lönetrenderna kan följderna bli att manskapet kan komma attrekryteras ur marginaliserade grupper och därigenom äventyra försvarskraften. Det kan ävenbetyda att Försvarsmakten tränar upp och utbildar individer ur marginaliserade grupper, tillikasom gemene man och kvinna, så att dessa plötsligt blir attraktiva hos den civila sektorn somser soldaternas kunskap och militära färdigheter som något de kan dra nytta av.Det krävs av Försvarsmakten att det finns en ambition att behålla de soldater som utbildas, ettmer aktivt arbete i att behålla soldaterna i de egna leden – främst genom att möta soldaternasbehov.Det är en ständig nödvändighet att återrekrytera varje dag, inte enbart när kontrakten börjarnärma sig sina slut.
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Rodban, Milena. "On demand armies private military company involvement in internal conflicts /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/501016836/viewonline.

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De, Erice Pablo Rüdiger S. "The Societas Privata Europaea - A European Private Limited Company in the Making: including a comparative look at the process of company law reform in South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2747.

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Magister Legum - LLM
This mini-thesis aims to contribute to the debate around the legislative process by summarizing and analysing it comprehensively. It will, without being exhaustive, seek to identify the most important legal requirements that the future Statute needs to meet in order to facilitate cross-border business of small and medium-sized businesses. It seeks to systematise and comment on the most important legal Key Issues and therefore clarify and enrich the debate.
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Books on the topic "A private company"

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Oricchio, Gianluca. Private Company Valuation. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271785.

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Stamp, M. A. Private company law. London: Longman, 1991.

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Williams, H. M. Private company secretary's manual. 3rd ed. Milton Keynes: Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, 1994.

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Williams, H. M. Private company secretary's manual. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower, 1988.

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Mahaffy, A. Paul. Private company shareholder guide. Toronto: Carswell, 2009.

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Williams, H. M. Private company secretary's manual. 2nd ed. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower Pub. Co., 1990.

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McCahery, Joseph A., Levinus Timmerman, and Erik P. M. Vermeulen, eds. Private Company Law Reform. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-477-6.

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Hirte, Heribert, and Christoph Teichmann, eds. The European Private Company - Societas Privata Europaea (SPE). Berlin, Boston: DE GRUYTER, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110260458.

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Private company share sale manual. London: Longman, 1988.

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Buzzoni, Mark. Trusts and the private company. London: Baileys Shaw & Gillett, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "A private company"

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Oricchio, Gianluca. "Introduction." In Private Company Valuation, 1–7. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271785_1.

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Oricchio, Gianluca. "Private Companies’ Equity Valuation Methods." In Private Company Valuation, 8–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271785_2.

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Oricchio, Gianluca. "Cost of Equity for Private Companies:The Integrated Pricing Model." In Private Company Valuation, 52–70. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271785_3.

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Oricchio, Gianluca. "Integrated Pricing Model in USA." In Private Company Valuation, 71–110. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271785_4.

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Oricchio, Gianluca. "Integrated Pricing Model in Japan." In Private Company Valuation, 111–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271785_5.

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Oricchio, Gianluca. "Integrated Pricing Model in China." In Private Company Valuation, 149–82. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271785_6.

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Oricchio, Gianluca. "Integrated Pricing Model in Russia." In Private Company Valuation, 183–215. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271785_7.

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Oricchio, Gianluca. "Integrated Pricing Model in India." In Private Company Valuation, 216–47. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271785_8.

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Oricchio, Gianluca. "Integrated Pricing Model in Italy." In Private Company Valuation, 248–77. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271785_9.

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Drury, Robert. "The European Private Company." In Private Company Law Reform, 337–45. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-477-6_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "A private company"

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Bhatia, Satinder. "Private Company Accounting Drivers in Asia." In Annual International Conferences on Accounting and Finance. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-1997_af67.

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Arfan, Rahmat, Desy puspita, Indra akbar, Arwina sufika, and Ricky Ariansyah. "Effect of Leadership Style on Company Performance: Study on Private Company." In Proceedings of The 2nd International Conference On Advance And Scientific Innovation, ICASI 2019, 18 July, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.18-7-2019.2288640.

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Kolchina, Galina Sergeevna. "Participatory share inheritance of a private limited company." In VIII International applied research conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-111902.

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Shi, Xuan. "Listed Company Mergers and Acquisitions, Private Placement and Earnings Management." In IPEC 2021: 2021 2nd Asia-Pacific Conference on Image Processing, Electronics and Computers. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3452446.3452674.

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Bryukhova, Olga. "The Formation of an Attractive HR-Brand of a Transport Company's Target Audience of 'Young People'." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-60.

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The article is dedicated to studying the HR-brand of a vehicle company, and seeks ways to improve it further. Theoretical and methodological aspects of shaping the image of an organisation as an employer are now widely reflected in the works of domestic and foreign researchers in the field of human resource management. However, the applied aspects of branding in relation to specific employers from different sectors of the economy remain relevant for the study. The practical interest of the company in question is due to the high turnover rate (15%) and the shortage of young workers. For the purpose of studying the formed corporate HR-brand, the author uses an analysis of local regulations on staff management, employee questionnaires, the assessment of the employer’s value proposition, a reputational audit of the company regarding the Internet environment, etc. The analysis of the internal and external image of the employer concludes that the attractiveness of the HR brand of the enterprise among the target audience ‘young people’ needs to be improved. The successful achievement of this goal is possible through the introduction of career management practices, organising participation in professional competitions; for young promising employees already in the company, developing and implementing a preliminary programme and promoting the company on social media: for potential candidates. Forming an attractive HR brand for young people based on the implementation of a value proposition that takes into account the specifics of this target audience, using new channels and formats to promote the employer brand externally, including in the online environment, will optimise staff turnover, attract and retain talented young people and strengthen the company’s position in the market.
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Guo, Qingrui, Jinsong Zhong, Ling He, Xuerang Guo, and Qiang Zhang. "Analysis and Design of Wireless Private Network for Electric Power Company." In 2020 IEEE 5th Information Technology and Mechatronics Engineering Conference (ITOEC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itoec49072.2020.9141883.

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Volosov, Evgeny. "«S7 Airlines»: How a Private Company Can Survive Among the State Competitors." In Irkutsk Historical and Economic Yearbook 2020. Baikal State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/978-5-7253-3017-5.33.

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The article is dedicated to the business features of the biggest private Russian airline company — «S7 AIRLINES». The author analyses the history of its formation and development in the 1990s-in the beginning of 2000s, its competitive advantages in the past and nowadays. A special attention is given to the strategy of «S7 AIRLINES» in terms of optimization of financial and production activities and diversification of its business projects.
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Hernayanto, Yayan, and Santi Dewi. "Good Corporate Governance for Private Multi National Company to Comply with Global Anti-Bribery Regulation (UK Bribery Act a FCPA) and Indonesia Company Law." In International Conference on Law, Governance and Globalization 2017 (ICLGG 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iclgg-17.2018.39.

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Delgadillo, Johnny Flores, and Rene Gaitan Martinez. "Assessing risk of the technical support department case study: A nicaraguan private company." In 2017 IEEE 37th Central America and Panama Convention (CONCAPAN XXXVII). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/concapan.2017.8278459.

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Fang, Jiamin, and Xianzhen Meng. "Application investigation on private cloud in the field of group company financial information management." In 2011 International Conference on Mechatronic Science, Electric Engineering and Computer (MEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mec.2011.6025864.

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Reports on the topic "A private company"

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Arnold, Zachary, Rebecca Gelles, and Ilya Rahkovsky. Identifying AI-Related Companies: A Conceptual Outline and Proof of Concept. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20200018.

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Artificial intelligence is of increasing interest to the private sector, but what exactly constitutes an “AI company?” This data brief offers a flexible, data-driven framework for identifying the companies most relevant in this field at the moment, providing policymakers and researchers with a tool for mapping technology transfer risks and gauging the overall health of America’s AI sector.
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Skalli, Hasna. Local 'Job Counters' at Casal del Infants: Personal support to help vulnerable young people into work. Oxfam IBIS, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7925.

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After graduating from university, Warda struggled a lot. For a few years, she had to take odd jobs for that had no security, days off or health insurance. Eventually she connected with Youth Participation and Employment (YPE) programme partner Casal Del Infants. With their support, she successfully entered the formal labour market. She was selected by Casal to join a jobs programme, where she was trained for one month as a quality control officer. After completing her training, she obtained a placement in maintenance at an automotive company. This was facilitated through Casal’s ‘Activa Counter’, its employment integration desk. This programme supports internships and helps young people to integrate into the private sector. The programme has gained in popularity over the years and has the potential to help many young people into work.
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Ashley, Caitlyn, Elizabeth Spencer Berthiaume, Philip Berzin, Rikki Blassingame, Stephanie Bradley Fryer, John Cox, E. Samuel Crecelius, et al. Law and Policy Resource Guide: A Survey of Eminent Domain Law in Texas and the Nation. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.eminentdomainguide.

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Eminent Domain is the power of the government or quasi-government entities to take private or public property interests through condemnation. Eminent Domain has been a significant issue since 1879 when, in the case of Boom Company v. Patterson, the Supreme Court first acknowledged that the power of eminent domain may be delegated by state legislatures to agencies and non-governmental entities. Thus, the era of legal takings began. Though an important legal dispute then, more recently eminent domain has blossomed into an enduring contentious social and political problem throughout the United States. The Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution states, “nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.” Thus, in the wake of the now infamous decision in Kelo v. City of New London, where the Court upheld the taking of private property for purely economic benefit as a “public use,” the requirement of “just compensation” stands as the primary defender of constitutionally protected liberty under the federal constitution. In response to Kelo, many state legislatures passed a variety of eminent domain reforms specifically tailoring what qualifies as a public use and how just compensation should be calculated. Texas landowners recognize that the state’s population is growing at a rapid pace. There is an increasing need for more land and resources such as energy and transportation. But, private property rights are equally important, especially in Texas, and must be protected as well. Eminent domain and the condemnation process is not a willing buyer and willing seller transition; it is a legally forced sale. Therefore, it is necessary to consider further improvements to the laws that govern the use of eminent domain so Texas landowners can have more assurance that this process is fair and respectful of their private property rights when they are forced to relinquish their land. This report compiles statutes and information from the other forty-nine states to illustrate how they address key eminent domain issues. Further, this report endeavors to provide a neutral third voice in Texas to strike a more appropriate balance between individual’s property rights and the need for increased economic development. This report breaks down eminent domain into seven major topics that, in addition to Texas, seemed to be similar in many of the other states. These categories are: (1) Awarding of Attorneys’ Fee; (2) Compensation and Valuation; (3) Procedure Prior to Suit; (4) Condemnation Procedure; (5) What Cannot be Condemned; (6) Public Use & Authority to Condemn; and (7) Abandonment. In analyzing these seven categories, this report does not seek to advance a particular interest but only to provide information on how Texas law differs from other states. This report lays out trends seen across other states that are either similar or dissimilar to Texas, and additionally, discusses interesting and unique laws employed by other states that may be of interest to Texas policy makers. Our research found three dominant categories which tend to be major issues across the country: (1) the awarding of attorneys’ fees; (2) the valuation and measurement of just compensation; and (3) procedure prior to suit.
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Xiong, Li, Andrew Post, Xiaoqian Jiang, and Lucila Ohno-Mochado. New Methods to Protect Privacy When Using Patient Health Data to Compare Treatments. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/02.2021.me.131007058.

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Garganta, Santiago, and Joaquín Zentner. El efecto de la doble escolaridad sobre la participación laboral femenina en República Dominicana. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003104.

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En este trabajo se analiza la incidencia de un aumento en las horas escolares de los niños sobre la oferta laboral femenina en República Dominicana. La reciente política de Jornada Escolar Extendida (JEE) duplica las horas escolares en el sistema público dominicano, lo cual podría generar un cambio en las decisiones laborales de los hogares beneficiados. En particular, esta iniciativa relaja las restricciones que enfrentan las mujeres para participar en el mercado de trabajo, teniendo en cuenta que las madres son típicamente las principales encargadas del cuidado de sus hijos. Mediante la aplicación de una metodología no experimental de diferencias en diferencias se compara la evolución en la participación laboral de las madres elegibles (con hijos en escuela pública) y no elegibles (con hijos en escuela privada) por este programa educativo, antes y después del mismo. Los resultados sugieren un aumento significativo en la tasa de actividad femenina, que se focaliza en mujeres cónyuges, de baja educación y pertenecientes a zonas urbanas. Estas estimaciones son robustas frente a diferentes especificaciones que intentan eludir el posible efecto composición (transitorio) entre los grupos de tratamiento y control.
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Schnabel, Filipina, and Danielle Aldridge. Effectiveness of EHR-Depression Screening Among Adult Diabetics in an Urban Primary Care Clinic. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0003.

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Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) and depression are important comorbid conditions that can lead to more serious health outcomes. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) supports routine screening for depression as part of standard diabetes management. The PHQ2 and PHQ9 questionnaires are good diagnostic screening tools used for major depressive disorders in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). This quality improvement study aims to compare the rate of depression screening, treatment, and referral to behavioral health in adult patients with DM2 pre and post-integration of depression screening tools into the electronic health record (EHR). Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review on patients aged 18 years and above with a diagnosis of DM2 and no initial diagnosis of depression or other mental illnesses. Chart reviews included those from 2018 or prior for before integration data and 2020 to present for after integration. Sixty subjects were randomly selected from a pool of 33,695 patients in the clinic with DM2 from the year 2013-2021. Thirty of the patients were prior to the integration of depression screening tools PHQ2 and PHQ9 into the EHR, while the other half were post-integration. The study population ranged from 18-83 years old. Results All subjects (100%) were screened using PHQ2 before integration and after integration. Twenty percent of patients screened had a positive PHQ2 among subjects before integration, while 10% had a positive PHQ2 after integration. Twenty percent of patients were screened with a PHQ9 pre-integration which accounted for 100% of those subjects with a positive PHQ2. However, of the 10% of patients with a positive PHQ2 post-integration, only 6.7 % of subjects were screened, which means not all patients with a positive PHQ2 were adequately screened post-integration. Interestingly, 10% of patients were treated with antidepressants before integration, while none were treated with medications in the post-integration group. There were no referrals made to the behavior team in either group. Conclusion There is no difference between the prevalence of depression screening before or after integration of depression screening tools in the EHR. The study noted that there is a decrease in the treatment using antidepressants after integration. However, other undetermined conditions could have influenced this. Furthermore, not all patients with positive PHQ2 in the after-integration group were screened with PHQ9. The authors are unsure if the integration of the depression screens influenced this change. In both groups, there is no difference between referrals to the behavior team. Implications to Nursing Practice This quality improvement study shows that providers are good at screening their DM2 patients for depression whether the screening tools were incorporated in the EHR or not. However, future studies regarding providers, support staff, and patient convenience relating to accessibility and availability of the tool should be made. Additional issues to consider are documentation reliability, hours of work to scan documents in the chart, risk of documentation getting lost, and the use of paper that requires shredding to comply with privacy.
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Jones, Emily, Beatriz Kira, Anna Sands, and Danilo B. Garrido Alves. The UK and Digital Trade: Which way forward? Blavatnik School of Government, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-wp-2021/038.

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The internet and digital technologies are upending global trade. Industries and supply chains are being transformed, and the movement of data across borders is now central to the operation of the global economy. Provisions in trade agreements address many aspects of the digital economy – from cross-border data flows, to the protection of citizens’ personal data, and the regulation of the internet and new technologies like artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making. The UK government has identified digital trade as a priority in its Global Britain strategy and one of the main sources of economic growth to recover from the pandemic. It wants the UK to play a leading role in setting the international standards and regulations that govern the global digital economy. The regulation of digital trade is a fast-evolving and contentious issue, and the US, European Union (EU), and China have adopted different approaches. Now that the UK has left the EU, it will need to navigate across multiple and often conflicting digital realms. The UK needs to decide which policy objectives it will prioritise, how to regulate the digital economy domestically, and how best to achieve its priorities when negotiating international trade agreements. There is an urgent need to develop a robust, evidence-based approach to the UK’s digital trade strategy that takes into account the perspectives of businesses, workers, and citizens, as well as the approaches of other countries in the global economy. This working paper aims to inform UK policy debates by assessing the state of play in digital trade globally. The authors present a detailed analysis of five policy areas that are central to discussions on digital trade for the UK: cross-border data flows and privacy; internet access and content regulation; intellectual property and innovation; e-commerce (including trade facilitation and consumer protection); and taxation (customs duties on e-commerce and digital services taxes). In each of these areas the authors compare and contrast the approaches taken by the US, EU and China, discuss the public policy implications, and examine the choices facing the UK.
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How Private Equity Can Boost Company Performance. IEDP Ideas for Leaders, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.13007/100.

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Perceptions of community pharmacists, patent and proprietary medicine vendors, and their clients regarding quality of family planning services: The IntegratE Project. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh17.1016.

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The IntegratE Project is a four-year initiative (2017–21) implemented by the Population Council and partners that seeks to increase access to contraceptive methods by involving the private sector (community pharmacists [CPs] and patent and proprietary medicine vendors [PPMVs]) in family planning (FP) service delivery in Lagos and Kaduna States, Nigeria. The project aims to establish a regulatory system with the Pharmacists Council of Nigeria to ensure that CPs and PPMVs provide quality FP services, comply with FP regulations, and report service statistics to the Health Information Management System (HMIS). To achieve this, the project is implementing: a pilot three-tiered accreditation system for PPMVs; a supervisory model to ensure standard drug-stocking practices; building the capacity of CPs and PPMVs to provide a wider range of FP services and data report to the HMIS. This brief focuses on quality of care received by women voluntarily seeking FP services from CPs and PPMVs. CPs and PPMVs and their clients appear to be satisfied with the FP services offered by CPs and PPMVs; on-going learning opportunities, and a supportive supervision system that is properly coordinated should be sufficient to maintain the quality of services offered by CPs and PPMVs.
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Payment Systems Report - June of 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-sist-pag.eng.2020.

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With its annual Payment Systems Report, Banco de la República offers a complete overview of the infrastructure of Colombia’s financial market. Each edition of the report has four objectives: 1) to publicize a consolidated account of how the figures for payment infrastructures have evolved with respect to both financial assets and goods and services; 2) to summarize the issues that are being debated internationally and are of interest to the industry that provides payment clearing and settlement services; 3) to offer the public an explanation of the ideas and concepts behind retail-value payment processes and the trends in retail payments within the circuit of individuals and companies; and 4) to familiarize the public, the industry, and all other financial authorities with the methodological progress that has been achieved through applied research to analyze the stability of payment systems. This edition introduces changes that have been made in the structure of the report, which are intended to make it easier and more enjoyable to read. The initial sections in this edition, which is the eleventh, contain an analysis of the statistics on the evolution and performance of financial market infrastructures. These are understood as multilateral systems wherein the participating entities clear, settle and register payments, securities, derivatives and other financial assets. The large-value payment system (CUD) saw less momentum in 2019 than it did the year before, mainly because of a decline in the amount of secondary market operations for government bonds, both in cash and sell/buy-backs, which was offset by an increase in operations with collective investment funds (CIFs) and Banco de la República’s operations to increase the money supply (repos). Consequently, the Central Securities Depository (DCV) registered less activity, due to fewer negotiations on the secondary market for public debt. This trend was also observed in the private debt market, as evidenced by the decline in the average amounts cleared and settled through the Central Securities Depository of Colombia (Deceval) and in the value of operations with financial derivatives cleared and settled through the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC). Section three offers a comprehensive look at the market for retail-value payments; that is, transactions made by individuals and companies. During 2019, electronic transfers increased, and payments made with debit and credit cards continued to trend upward. In contrast, payments by check continued to decline, although the average daily value was almost four times the value of debit and credit card purchases. The same section contains the results of the fourth survey on how the use of retail-value payment instruments (for usual payments) is perceived. Conducted at the end of 2019, the main purpose of the survey was to identify the availability of these payment instruments, the public’s preferences for them, and their acceptance by merchants. It is worth noting that cash continues to be the instrument most used by the population for usual monthly payments (88.1% with respect to the number of payments and 87.4% in value). However, its use in terms of value has declined, having registered 89.6% in the 2017 survey. In turn, the level of acceptance by merchants of payment instruments other than cash is 14.1% for debit cards, 13.4% for credit cards, 8.2% for electronic transfers of funds and 1.8% for checks. The main reason for the use of cash is the absence of point-of-sale terminals at commercial establishments. Considering that the retail-payment market worldwide is influenced by constant innovation in payment services, by the modernization of clearing and settlement systems, and by the efforts of regulators to redefine the payment industry for the future, these trends are addressed in the fourth section of the report. There is an account of how innovations in technology-based financial payment services have developed, and it shows that while this topic is not new, it has evolved, particularly in terms of origin and vocation. One of the boxes that accompanies the fourth section deals with certain payment aspects of open banking and international experience in that regard, which has given the customers of a financial entity sovereignty over their data, allowing them, under transparent and secure conditions, to authorize a third party, other than their financial entity, to request information on their accounts with financial entities, thus enabling the third party to offer various financial services or initiate payments. Innovation also has sparked interest among international organizations, central banks, and research groups concerning the creation of digital currencies. Accordingly, the last box deals with the recent international debate on issuance of central bank digital currencies. In terms of the methodological progress that has been made, it is important to underscore the work that has been done on the role of central counterparties (CCPs) in mitigating liquidity and counterparty risk. The fifth section of the report offers an explanation of a document in which the work of CCPs in financial markets is analyzed and corroborated through an exercise that was built around the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC) in the Colombian market for non-delivery peso-dollar forward exchange transactions, using the methodology of network topology. The results provide empirical support for the different theoretical models developed to study the effect of CCPs on financial markets. Finally, the results of research using artificial intelligence with information from the large-value payment system are presented. Based on the payments made among financial institutions in the large-value payment system, a methodology is used to compare different payment networks, as well as to determine which ones can be considered abnormal. The methodology shows signs that indicate when a network moves away from its historical trend, so it can be studied and monitored. A methodology similar to the one applied to classify images is used to make this comparison, the idea being to extract the main characteristics of the networks and use them as a parameter for comparison. Juan José Echavarría Governor
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