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1
Grach, Gaëtan. "L'unité des contrats privés et des contrats publics." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1069.
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La recherche d'une unité entre les contrats privés et les publics revient à vouloir démontrer l'existence d'un socle, d'un droit commun aux contrats privés et aux contrats publics au stade de leur formation. Cependant, si l'unité des éléments essentiels du contrat peut se révéler imparfaite entre le droit privé et le public, deux notions peuvent apporter une cohérence au phénomène juridique d'unité des contrats : la notion générale de contrat en sa qualité de principe fondateur du phénomène d'unité permet la recherche d'une définition unitaire du contrat dont l'expression est la notion de consentement ; alors que les notions d'objet et de cause se révèlent être des instruments d'identification principal et accessoire du phénomène d'unité des contrats. Ainsi, s'il existe une multitude de contrats, il n'existe qu'une notion de contrat. S'il existe une infinité d'objet, de cause et de moyen de consentir, il n'existe qu'une notion d'objet, de cause et de consentement. L'unité des contrats privés et des contrats publics est cela : la réduction d'une pluralité de notions à une notion-cadre fondamentale, la notion de contratSeeking unity between private and public contracts is ultimately intended to demonstrate the existence of a base, a law common to private and public contracts, at the stage of their conclusion. However, if the unity, in terms of private and public law, of the basic elements of the contract may prove to be imperfect, two concepts may bring cohesiveness to the legal phenomenon of the unity of contracts: the general concept of contract in its role as a founding principle of the phenomenon of unity enables a uniform definition for the contract to be sought, the expression of which is the concept of consent whereas the notions of object and cause reveal themselves to be main instruments of identification, ancillary to the phenomenon of the unity of contracts. Thus, if multiple contracts exist, there only exists one concept of the contract. If there are an infinite number of objects, causes and means of consent, there is only one concept of object, cause and consent. The unity of private contracts and public contracts is this: the reduction of a multiplicity of notions into one basic framework, the concept of the contract
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Pérez, Hualde Alejandro. "The Public Services Concession Contract as a "Long Term" Contract." Derecho & Sociedad, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119148.
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In this article, the author highlights the benefits of incorporating the concepts “concession contract” and “long term contract” within the new Civil and Commercial Code of the Nation in Argentina. For the author, these contractual arrangements are fundamental in Administrative Law to understand the scope of the concession of public services, specifically in regard to the introduction of changes in the contract. This also means that foreign police concepts or theories as ius variandi, which only add authoritarian elements under the contract, are not longer required.En el presente artículo, el autor resalta los beneficios de la incorporación de los conceptos “contrato de concesión” y “contrato de larga duración” dentro del nuevo Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación argentina. Así, para el autor, estas figuras contractuales son fundamentales en el Derecho Administrativo para poder comprender los alcances del contrato de concesión de servicios públicos, específicamente, en cuanto a la introducción de variaciones en la ejecución del contrato. Ello conlleva, además, que ya no se tenga que recurrir a conceptospoliciales extraños o a teorías como la del ius variandi que únicamente añaden elementos autoritarios en el marco del contrato.
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Ackerman, David T. "International contracts a quantitative analysis of transnational contract formation." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/8.
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Globalization is the promise of the future, and it presents, quite literally, a world of opportunities not available in the past. International collaborations in science, research, and business now enjoy increased probabilities of success, in part, because of the advance in technology and the possibility of instantaneous communications. The convenience, simplicity and affordability of technology are helping to make the world accessible to almost everyone. With new availability of international concerns and the growth of global partnerships in all areas of interest, an increased need arises for agreements that memorialize collaborators' commitments, responsibilities and obligations. There is a corresponding concern that the agreements be enforceable across national and international lines should anything go wrong. There is no collaboration, partnership or venture that will not be touched in some way by the law. Whose law governs and how rules and regulations of different nations will be applied are of escalating concern. Empirically examining the state of international contract law is the overarching focus of my research. Adopting a research methodology involving both quantitative and qualitative techniques, I am investigating whether any consistency exists between attorneys of different practice sectors (academic, government, corporate and private) considering choice of law, enforcement of contract provisions, and the inclusion of preventative measures of international contracts. My results contribute to the future success of international collaborations of all concerns by empirically identifying the need for increased education on various dispute resolution options, as well as the effect cultural awareness has on the drafting of international contracts.ID: 030476559; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for honors in the major in Legal Studies.; Thesis (B.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.
B.S.
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
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Nguyen, Duc Anh. "Improving Public-Private Partnership Contracts through Risk Characterization, Contract Mechanisms, and Flexibility." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78275.
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Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have become a significant global phenomenon and governments are utilizing them more frequently to deliver projects that satisfy increasing societal demands in infrastructure sectors such as highways. Compared to traditional project delivery approaches, PPPs are long-term contracts between the public and the private sectors, where the private sector is engaged in more project tasks and accepts more risks. However, due to their long-term and complex nature, PPP contracts face many issues. Consequently, each project's contract becomes vital to project success because it: allocates risks, governs project relationships, and can align parties' interests. This dissertation examined 21 project contracts in the US highway PPP market to investigate risk allocation; contract designs and risk sharing mechanisms; and revenue risk guarantees. Using a content analysis framework, the allocation of 31 risks associated with highway PPPs was determined. These risks were mostly transferred to the private sector or shared between public and private parties, and project context had a significant influence on risk allocation. Assessment of contract designs indicated that the public sector imposes extensive monitoring and retains a majority of the decision rights to preclude opportunistic actions by the private sector; further, risk sharing mechanisms were complex and largely dependent on resolution during project implementation, which likely increases ex post transaction costs. Finally, revenue guarantees, commonly structured as standard options to mitigate revenue risk, were redesigned to incorporate exotic option features; quantitative analysis revealed that exotic structures can better serve chief PPP stakeholders' interests through increased robustness and flexibility.Ph. D.
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Fernández, Ruiz Jorge. "The Administrative Contract and the Public Tender." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118986.
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To achieve its goals, the State requires the voluntary collaboration of individuals, which takes form of an administrative contract, whose award is often disrupted by administrative corruption. Public tendering stands out among the mechanisms to prevent and fight administrative corruption in the award of administrative contracts.Para alcanzar sus fines, el Estado requiere de la colaboración voluntaria de los particulares, lo cual se concreta mediante el contrato administrativo, cuya adjudicación suele verse trastocadas por el flagelo de la corrupción. Entre los mecanismos utilizables para evitar y combatir la corrupción administrativa en la adjudicación de los contratos administrativos, destaca la licitación pública.
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Micalef, Romain. "L'internationalisation du droit des contrats publics en France et au Canada." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0525.
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L’internationalisation du droit n’est pas indifférente aux contrats publics. Les deux pourraient même entrer en contact de manière privilégiée. Leur rencontre, voir leur confrontation, pourraient bien réinterroger des pans entiers du droit des contrats publics en France et au Canada. Si chacun des deux systèmes fait état d’un degré de perméabilité différent face à un tel phénomène, de sérieux arguments militent pour leur rapprochement sous l’effet de ce dernier. Il convient ainsi de proposer une étude approfondie des rapports d’influence entre ce phénomène et cette discipline afin de révéler la présence ou l’absence d’une internationalisation du droit des contrats publics en France et au CanadaThe internationalization of law is not indifferent to public contracts. Both would have even come into contact in a privileged way. Their meeting, or even their confrontation, could well re-examine large parts of the law of public contracts in France and Canada. While each of the two systems reports a different degree of permeability in the face of such a phenomenon, there are serious arguments for their rapprochement under the effect of the latter. It will thus be necessary to propose an in-depth study of the relations of influence between this phenomenon and this discipline in order to reveal the presence or the absence of an internationalization of the law of public contracts in France and in Canada
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Hajjej, Ishak. "Contrat optimal pour les partenariats public-privé avec aléa moral : une approche de contrôle stochastique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAG007.
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Dans cette thèse, on s’intéresse aux contrats de partenariat public-privé (PPP). Un PPP est un contrat à long terme entre une entité publique et une partie privée, aussi appelée consortium, dans lequel le public externalise la construction et/ou la gestion d’un bien public. Le consortium prend le risque et la responsabilité de gérer le projet. Le public s’engage en contre partie à lui verser une rente. Cependant, les efforts du consortium pour améliorer la valeur sociale du projet ne sont pas observables par le public. C’est un problème de principal agent avec aléa moral où le principal est le public et l’agent est le privé. On suppose que le public paie le consortium continûment et l’effort de l’agent affecte le drift de la valeur sociale du projet. On suppose que le public est neutre au risque et le consortium est adverse au risque. Dans le chapitre 2 de la thèse, on considère un contrat perpétuel entre une entité publique et un consortium. On caractérise le contrat optimal dans ce cadre d’aléa moral. On utilise une formulation forte : on considère différentes filtrations correspondant à différents niveaux d’informations comme dans le contexte de contrôle stochastique avec observation partielle. Dans cette approche, on utilise des méthodes de martingale et de contrôle stochastique. Dans le chapitre 3, on considère un problème du partenariat public-privé avec horizon aléatoire, dans lequel le public a la possibilité d’arrêter le contrat à une date aléatoire et donne une compensation au consortium. On résout ce problème de contrôle stochastique avec un problème d’arrêt optimal dans ce cadre d’aléa moral. Dans ce chapitre, on utilise la formulation faible : on suppose que le consortium change la distribution de la valeur sociale du projet en changeant son drift et cela revient à considérer une nouvelle mesure de probabilité qui dépend de l’effort de l’agent. Dans le chapitre 4, on s’intéresse aussi au problème de partenariat public-privé avec un horizon aléatoire mais en utilisant la formulation forte. Puis, on traite la cadre de partage de risque : on suppose que le public et le consortium ont les mêmes informations. On analyse numériquement la valeur d’information. Dans le chapitre 5, on étudie l’existence d’une solution de l’équation d’Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman qui apparaît dans notre étude théorique. Puis, on développe des résultats numériques pour la résolution numérique d’une équation Hamilton Jacobi-Bellman et l’inéquation variationnelle dans le cadre de notre étude numériqueIn this thesis, we are interested in the contract with moral hazard for public private partnerships (PPP). PPP is defined as a long-term contract between a private party and a public entity, for the construction and/or the management of an asset or public service, in which the consortium takes the risks and a responsibility to manage the project. The public undertakes to pay him a rent. However, the effort that the consortium does to improve the social value of the project is not observable by the public. It is a principal-agent problem with moral hazard, in which the principal is the public and the agent is the consortium. We assume that the public pays the consortium continuously and the effort of the consortium affects the drift of the social value of the project. We assume that the agent is risk averse and the public is risk-neutral. In chapter 2 of the thesis, we consider a perpetual contract between a public entity and a consortium. We characterize the optimal contract in this moral hazard framework. We use the strong formulation : we consider different filtrations corresponding to the different level of information as in the context of stochastic control under partial observation. In this approach, we use martingale methods and stochastic control techniques. In chapter 3, we consider a public-private partnership problem with a random horizon, in which the public has the possibility to stop the contract at a fixed or a random time and gives compensation to the consortium. We solve this optimal stochastic control with optimal stopping problem in this context of moral hazard. We use the weak approach, that is the agent changes the distribution of the social value of the project by changing the drift and this amounts to considering a new probability that depends on the effort of the consortium. In the chapter 4, we also consider the problem of public-private partnership with a random horizon but using the strong formulation. Then, we deal with the risk-sharing framework, we assume that the public and the consortium have the same information. We analyze numerically the value of information. Chapter 5 focuses on the existence of a solution of the Hamilton Jacobi-Bellman equation that appears in our theoretical study. Then, we detail the numerical results for the numerical resolution of a Hamilton Jacobi-Bellman equation and variational inequality as part of our numerical study
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Lequet, Pierre. "L'ordre public environnemental et le contrat de droit privé." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV043.
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La protection de l’environnement et le contrat de droit privé apparaissent tantôt antinomiques, tantôt complémentaires. En tant qu’instrument juridique des activités économiques, le contrat concourt à la crise écologique. Cette crise menace la pérennité des conditions d’une vie développée sur terre pour les générations présentes et futures. L’objectif de développement durable requiert l’élaboration d’un ordre public environnemental permettant de contrôler la conformité du contrat de droit privé à la conservation de l’intérêt environnemental.Induisant l’existence d’un ordre public environnemental de la multitude de règles impératives de protection de l’environnement, nous proposons une théorie générale de l’ordre public environnemental ainsi que son articulation avec le contrat de droit privé.Cette dernière révèle que si la validité du contrat de droit privé est conditionnée au respect de l’ordre public environnemental, la bonne réalisation de l’ordre public environnemental est conditionnée à la reconnaissance de la fonction environnementale du contratProtection of the environment and the contract appear to be sometimes contradictory, sometimes complementary. As a legal instrument for economic activities, the contract contributes to the ecological crisis. This crisis threatens the sustainability of the conditions for a life developed on earth for present and future generations. The objective of sustainable development requires the construction of an environmental public policy to control the conformity of the private law contract with the conservation of the environmental interest.Inducing the existence of an environmental public policy from the multitude of mandatory environmental protection rules, we propose a general theory of environmental public policy and its articulation with the private law contract.The latter reveals that while the validity of the private law contract is conditional on compliance with environmental public policy, the proper implementation of environmental public policy is conditional on recognition of the environmental function of the contract
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Ko, Chun Wa Johnason. ""Is adoption of Public Private Partnership (PPP) model in infrastructure contract an effective form of contract to minimize disputes?"." access abstract and table of contents access full-text, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?ma-slw-b21844197a.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2007."Master of Art in arbitration and dispute resolution, LW6409 dissertation" Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on May 22, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Bermejo, Vera José. "The Procurement System of Public Administrations: Object, Evolution and Prospective of the Public Contract." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117419.
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This paper discusses the basics and the ways that generally develops the «Public procurement system» between the government and private sector operators. If the material activity of the Public Administrations usually develops through its own means, economic, material and personal, it is also essential collaboration of the private sector through public procurement. The positive connection to the law is unavoidable in public contracts, but it is also very relevant public expenditure savings applying procurement rules to advertising, equal competition and competitiveness. It serves as a reference the substantive core of Spanish law which, as most of the states of Europe, faithfully follows the rules to compliance with the European Union, undoubtedly one of the forms of state integration policies with greater depth and success in the world.En este trabajo se analizan los fundamentos y las formas en que se desenvuelve generalmente el «sistema de la contratación pública», una de las instituciones jurídicas en que se manifiesta más explícitamente la actuación colaborativa entre las Administraciones Públicas y los agentes económicos del sector privado. Si la actividad material de las Administraciones Públicas se desarrolla generalmente a través de sus propios medios, económicos, materiales y personales, también es fundamental la colaboración del sector privado a través de los contratos públicos.La vinculación positiva a la ley resulta ineludible en los contratos públicos, pero es muy relevante el ahorro de gasto público aplicando normas de contratación con publicidad, igualdad de concurrencia y competitividad. Sirve como referencia el núcleo sustancial del Derecho español que, como la mayor parte de los Estados de Europa, sigue fielmente las normas de obligado acatamiento de la Unión Europea, sin duda una de las fórmulas políticas de integración estatal con mayor calado y éxito en el mundo.
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Kim, Young Woon. "Contract Design in the United States Federal Government." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275446269.
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Mgweba, Asiphe. "A revised role of good faith in the law of contract and employment contracts." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7033.
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Magister Legum - LLMGood faith is an open ended concept which refers to fair and honest dealings. The function of this concept is to give expression to the community’s sense of what is fair, just and reasonable. The concept of good faith has and continues to acquire a meaning wider than mere honesty or the absence of subjective bad faith. It is an objective concept that includes other abstract values such as justice, reasonableness, fairness and equity. There is competition between the two underlying values or cornerstones of the law of contract, namely that of sanctity of contract (pacta sunt servanda) and fairness.
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McGlashan, Asha. "Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Obtaining Public Procurement Contract Awards." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5573.
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The dominance of federal and state contracts by large enterprises reduces the share of contracts small and medium-sized enterprises' (SMEs) business leaders obtain. As of the last census reading in 2016, SMEs received only 23% of contracts. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies of 3 small business leaders, operating in south Florida, for obtaining state contracts through public procurement. The thematic findings were in the context of the principal-agent theory as the conceptual framework. The participants answered 10 questions in semistructured interviews and provided organizational procurement documents for review. The methodological triangulation of multiple data sources and data analysis led to the identification of 3 primary themes: business performance, overcoming barriers, and strategic initiatives. Enabling proper business performance protocols for revenue, company reputation, pricing, and compliance benefitted the 3 participants as a strategy for successfully winning state contracts. The participants first identified the barriers they experienced, which included access, bargaining power, funding, and labels. The barriers encountered by the participants became less overwhelming with the implementation of strategic initiatives based on knowledge, relationship building, skilled personnel, and taking action. Findings included the importance of SME business leaders and personnel educating themselves on the public procurement process and building relationships with individuals in the various agencies. Application of the findings may lead to a social change of higher small business employment rates, increased revenue, and improved innovation for business leaders.
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Buchanan, Steven M., Jayson W. Cabell, and Daniel C. McCrary. "Acquiring combat capability through innovative uses of public private partnerships." Thesis, Monterey, California, Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/38035.
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MBA Professional ReportApproved for public release; distribution in unlimited.
The purpose of this research is to study the federal government's historical use of public-private partnerships (PPPs) and their view on the issue. Then we study recent applications (case studies) of innovative financing arrangements by Hannon Armstrong, LLC, an Annapolis, Maryland based financial services firm. The intention is to build upon previous Naval Postgraduate School research efforts is this subject; specifically, expanding upon the efforts of Professor San Miguel, Shank and Summers by investigating current examples of PPPs. First, we examine Hannon Armstrong's "fee for service contract" solution to the lack of appropriated capital funds needed for a vital fiber-optic link near the Arctic Circle. Then, we will explore the history of the Energy Saving Performance Contracts (ESPCs), which have been a useful tool in reducing the energy consumption throughout the federal government. Historically, this program has only been used for fixed assets. There is little debate over the success of these contracts in reducing energy consumption. The authors believe that applying Energy Saving Performance Contracts to mobile assets could further reduce the energy consumption of the Department of Defense (DoD) and save tax-payers millions of dollars.
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Li, Bing. "Risk management of construction public private partnership projects." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270518.
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Srisomwong, Rung, and n/a. "The protection of pre-registration rights in land: a comparative study of gazumping in Australian and other juridictions." University of Canberra. Law, 2005. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060725.124549.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the problem of gazumping, to consider the various factors which give rise to it, to examine the adequacy of existing legal doctrine in redressing it, to explore statutory provisions designed to reduce gazumping and to propose reform of the law to address the problem.
The term gazumping refers to a practice by which a vendor accepts a purchaser's offer to purchase land or property, and before exchanging contracts, withdraws from the existing agreement in order to accept a higher price from another purchaser.
This thesis proceeds on the assumption that gazumping is an undesirable practice, particularly from the prospective purchaser' perspective. The practice of gazumping initially boomed in a volatile property market with constantly rising house prices and where demand exceeded supply. A purchaser who believes he or she has secured the purchase of his or her desired property may suffer emotional stress and significant costs which cannot be recovered when the vendor reneges on his or her agreement.
The thesis notes that gazumping occurs at the pre-contractual stage in the sale of property because there is no legally binding relationship before the formal exchange of contracts. The thesis posits that the existing law in various Australian jurisdictions offers inadequate protection to prospective purchasers of property. The thesis examines the inadequacy of existing legal doctrines and remedies in addressing the problem of gazumping at the pre-contractual stage and arrives at the conclusion that existing legal doctrine is inadequate. The thesis notes legislative and other measures in response to gazumping in Australia and other common law jurisdictions and concludes that these too were inadequate in not going far enough to eliminate or reduce gazumping. The competing merits of these approaches are considered.
The thesis establishes that the solution to gazumping lies in an early protection of the purchaser�s interest in land. This is because as soon as an agreement is enforceable the purchaser acquires an equitable interest and in the event of any breach of the agreement by the vendor, the purchaser, as a general rule, can obtain either damages or specific performance.
The thesis raises seven key recommendations for law reform aimed to minimise the occurrence of gazumping and to provide the purchaser with tools against the practice of gazumping. It considers that the recommendations can minimise the undesirable practice of gazumping where the current law is inadequate and also achieve several other objectives.
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Byrdsong, Ricardo Crespo Luis A. Holland George A. Parker Christopher D. Torunoglu Emine Gulsen. "Transformation of Department of Defense contract closeout /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FByrdsong.pdf.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003."MBA professional report."--Cover. Joint authors: Luis A. Crespo, George A. Holland, Christopher D. Parker, Emine Gulsen Torunoglu. Thesis advisor(s): David V. Lamm, Phil J. Candreva. Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-198). Also available online.
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Dean, Chad E. Vosters Nathan P. "Update of the Navy Contract Writing Guide /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FDean%5FMBA.pdf.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003."MBA professional report"--Cover. Thesis advisor(s): E. Marshall Engelbeck, Jeffrey Cuskey. Includes bibliographical references (p. 19-22). Also available online.
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Dean, Chad E., and Nathan P. Vosters. "Update of the Navy Contract Writing Guide." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/452.
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MBA Professional ReportAcquisition research (Graduate School of Business & Public Policy)
The purpose of this MBA Project is to provide a comprehensive update of the Navy Contract Writing Guide. The project was conducted with the sponsorship and assistance of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research, Development, and Acquisition. The now out of date guide was originally written in 1996 in an effort to reduce problem disbursements as related to contract wording and organization. Extensive research, incorporating interviews, websites, periodicals, and texts, was employed to make the guide current. It has been reorganized to address issues and solutions in the same order in which the forms used by contracting officers and administrators have them listed. New issues have been raised since the original writing of this guide and are now incorporated with their recommended solutions. Individuals new to Naval contracting or those who have decades of experience will find the information provided useful to the efficient and effective writing and administration of government contracts.-- p.i.
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Manenti, Olivier. "Le marché en droit des marchés publics : enjeux théoriques et perspectives analytiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1000.
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Cette thèse a un objet théorique et un objet pratique. L'objet théorique est double. Il s'agit de démontrer la possibilité d'une réception juridique de l'analyse économique du droit. Cela nécessite de se placer dans les postulats de la postmodernité tant dans l'approche du concept d'Etat que dans celle de la règle juridique. La recherche se place alors résolument dans la doctrine théorique de l'approche de la règle juridique à travers le paradigme du réseau. Dans cette perspective théorique, le droit des marchés publics n'est que le support de cette démonstration. Mais il en devient aussi l'objet pratique. Le marché public est ainsi un acte dans l'économique et un acte économique. En tant que contrat de l'achat public, le marché public place la personne publique ou assimilée dans une relation d'échange économique. La notion générale de contrat permet de percevoir le marché public comme le support juridique d'un échange économique. Mais le recours aux marchés publics est aussi un choix de gestion. Il est est alors l'une des options possibles dans la gestion administrative contemporaine axée sur la recherche de la rationalisation de l'action administrative. Le marché public est alors perçu comme un acte juridique ayant aussi une source économique. En tant qu'acte économique, le marché public entretient alors des rapports d'interaction avec les règles de droit de la concurrence. Or le droit des marchés publics est lui-même le droit d'une concurrence spécifique. Cette mutation de la réception de l'économique dans les marchés publics et les règles les encadrant permet l'avènement d'un juge administratif du contrat économisteThis research deals with how the French and the European public procurement laws integrate the economic analysis of contract. The theoretical approach is based on Law taken under the network theory. In a first point, the public contract is taken under the relation between the general definition of contract and the economic notion of exchange. The second point deals with the new public management theories and the public procurement contracts. In this point, It is examined how the choice of buying influences the organization of public agencies. The third and the fourth points deal with consequences of taking the public procurement contract as an economic action. It is discussed the relation between the public procurement law and the competition law; especially how the public procurement law is, in itself, a specialized competition law. This new evolution offers to French administrative judge, taken as the judge of all the administrative contracts, a way to become an economic judge
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Mrad, Djamila. "Subjectivisation du contentieux et contrat administratif." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV065.
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Le contentieux du contrat administratif a fait l’objet d’une restructuration qui se traduit par un phénomène de subjectivisation. Celui-ci repose sur une spécialisation des actions. Ce mouvement s’est construit en opposition avec la figure traditionnelle du requérant co-participant à la mise en œuvre du principe de légalité. Cette spécialisation des actions s’exprime d’abord par un renforcement des conditions d’appréciation de l’existence de l’action et se manifeste ensuite, de manière éloquente, au stade de l’examen des moyens. Enfin, le juge administratif a centré son office sur la norme contractuelle dont il détermine, à l’appui des pouvoirs dont il s’est doté et au regard des « circonstances de l’espèce », l’opportunité de son maintien dans l’ordre juridique. Il apparait ainsi que les modalités du contrôle juridictionnel de l’administration ont changé : il ne s’agit plus de contrôler un rapport de norme à norme mais de mettre en rapport une norme à la situation concrète dont le juge est saisi. Cette subjectivisation du contentieux accompagne la mutation du contrat administratif, objet du litige. En effet, l’étude des rapports entre le contrat administratif et le marché a mis en lumière la manière dont la notion de contrat administratif a été restructurée autour du marché concurrentiel. Le contrat administratif, en tant que contrat, s’appuie sur le marché concurrentiel avec la perspective de mieux satisfaire l’intérêt général. Son caractère administratif lui permet, dans le même temps, de faire prévaloir l’intérêt général sur le marché, lorsque celui-ci n’est pas en mesure de répondre aux impératifs poursuivis par l’action publique. Le contrat administratif permet à l’État de composer avec le marché, tout autant qu’il maintient les possibilités de s’y opposer. Aussi, la subjectivisation du contentieux intervient à rebours de l’objectivisme du contrat administratif, tel que pensé dans le marché concurrentiel. Le juge administratif a ainsi confirmé son rôle d’organe protecteur des intérêts étatiques. En dernière analyse, la mutation du contrôle juridictionnel de l’administration se fait l’écho de la mutation même du rôle de l’État et de son administration, dans son rapport au marchéThe litigation of the administrative contract has been the subject of a restructuring which is reflected in a phenomenon of subjectivization. This is based on a specialization of actions. This movement was constructed in opposition to the traditional figure of the applicant co-participating in the implementation of the principle of legality. This specialization of the actions is expressed first of all by a strengthening of the conditions of appreciation of the existence of the action and is then eloquently manifested in the examination of the defense. Finally, the administrative judge focused his function on the contractual norm. He determines, regarding his jurisdictional powers and in the light of the “circumstances of the case”, if the contract has to be kept in the legal order. Therefore, the terms of the jurisdictional control of the administration have changed: the judge is not anymore analyzing a norm to norm relation but a norm to concrete situation relation. This subjectivization of the litigation accompanies the mutation of the administrative contract, object of the litigation. Indeed, the study of the relationship between the administrative contract and the market has revealed how the notion of administrative contract has been restructured around the competitive market. As a contract, the administrative contract relies on the competitive market with the aim of better satisfying the general interest. Its administrative nature allows, at the same time, to impose the general interest to the market, when it is not able to respond to the imperatives pursued by public action. The administrative contract allows the state to be a part of the market, as well as to oppose it. The subjectivization of the litigation contravenes the objectivism of the administrative contract in a competitive approach. The administrative judge confirmed his role as a legal body protecting state interests. Ultimately, the mutation of the administration’s jurisdictional control reflects the evolution in the role of the state and its administration in its relationship to the market
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Tessier, Emmanuel. "Le stade en droit public." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05D010.
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Le stade est un lieu de concentration du droit public. La focale se porte donc sur l’étude du régime juridique des « grands stades » pour reprendre l’appellation retenue par le rapport de la Commission Euro 2016. L’objet de cette étude est de démontrer les interactions réciproques entre le stade et le droit public. Notre étude se concentrera sur les problématiques juridiques nationales portées par les profondes mutations du stade et de son droit. Marqué par la diversité des contrats qui sont à la source de leurs constructions ou rénovations, le régime juridique de la propriété du stade détermine ses modes de gestion. Longtemps lieu du service public du sport, la professionnalisation de celui-ci a engendré quelques mutations quant au régime juridique de la domanialité du stade. Cette concentration se révèle également dans l’opération d’urbanisme et d’aménagement du territoire que constitue un stade. S’inscrivant dans une politique globale de financement du sport où l’intervention publique demeure élevée, le stade se confronte aux contraintes des finances publiques. Le stade est lieu de rassemblement où le public vient assister à un spectacle sportif. Il convient d’encadrer tout débordement susceptible de troubler l’ordre public. En tant que réceptacle du spectacle sportif, le stade est un lieu d’exploitation commercialeStadiums are places where public law cannot be overlooked. This thesis focuses therefore on the juridical regime of the so called “grands stades” (stadiums contrary to sport fields) quoted as such in the Euro 2016 commission report. The main purpose is to demonstrate interlinks between stadiums and public law. This study concentrates on national juridical issues raised by changes in stadiums and thus in laws related to it. Indeed the juridical regime of stadium property, through the wide diversity of contracts qualifying the frame for construction or renovation, defines how stadiums are managed. For a long time stadiums have been considered for public sport practices, however professionalization led to modifying this juridical regime. Urbanism and spatial planning operations prior to stadium constructions have also underlined this evolution. The global financial policy for stadium development requires high public sector intervention therefore making it also subject to public financing constraints. Stadiums gather people to watch sport events. It is important to provide a frame to avoid any excess that could lead to disturbances of public order. As a recipient of sport events, stadiums are places of commercial exploitation
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Vigren, Andreas. "Costs in Swedish Public Transport : An analysis of cost drivers and cost efficiency in public transport contracts." Licentiate thesis, Transportekonomi, TEK, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-174378.
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During the last seven years, the total cost for Swedish public transport provision has increased by over 30 percent in real terms according to figures from the government agency Transport Analysis. A similar pattern is found if considering a longer time span. Part of the cost increase can be attributed to an increased supply, and part is due to price increases on input factors that are measured by an industry index produced by the public transport industry. The fact that about half of the costs in Swedish public transport are covered by public funds calls for responsibility in how these funds are used, and this means that information about cost drivers and cost efficiency is necessary. The lack of information about these factors in the Swedish public transport sector is the main motivation for the two papers included in this thesis. In this cover essay, the developments over the last decades in Swedish public transport are described, and there is a focus on the last ten years with the Doubling Project and the market in 2012. As mentioned, the costs as a whole, as well as per unit costs such as cost per vehicle kilometer, have increased in real terms since 2007. Even though parts of the cost increase can be attributed to an increased supply or the price of input factors, this development might be problematic for at least two reasons. First, the ambition of the industry to double the number of travelers by the year 2020 seems to have resulted in a supply increase around year 2010 and a similar increase in the number of boardings. However, the cost per vehicle kilometer and cost per boarding have both increased since then, which can bring into question whether the supply increases have been made at the right places and to the proper extent to have the desired effect on travel. Second, it is not clear whether a price increase for input factors can be viewed as an ``acceptable'' explanation for the cost increase. To the extent that the Public Transport Authority (PTA) or operator can affect the price of input factors such as buses (detailed or environmental requirements, etc.) or labor (demands on take-over of previous staff), an endogenous relationship is possible, which could disguise these potentially cost-driving factors as general price increases. At the end of this essay, a discussion about the lack of publicly available data highlights the non-compliance with EU regulations related to this. More data resources, perhaps with open access, would enable more comparisons between contractual forms, PTAs, and operators, which would provide examples of good and poor solutions and concepts in the industry and would have the potential to ensure better use of public funds. Below is a summary over the two paper included in this licentiate thesis. Papper I - “Costs for Swedish Public Transport Authorities” - uses contract-level data for the year 2012 and econometric methodology to investigate how contract factors affect costs for bus contracts. A theoretical framework is established to show some of the cost mechanisms that are at work in the two most popular contractual forms in Sweden, and the paper provides some insights into what results to expect from the empirical analysis. The most important results from the econometric analysis are that higher population density and a contract being operated by a publicly owned (municipal or county council) operator are both associated with having higher costs. Also, no statistically significant differences could be found when using incentive payments in the contracts. Papper II - “Cost Efficiency in Swedish Public Transport” -has a similar perspective as Paper I, but it uses stochastic frontier analysis to focus on cost efficiency and differences across PTAs. Data for the year 2013 are used, along with other data sources, to derive a cost frontier from which some of the deviations from this can be attributed to cost inefficiencies. The results are similar to those of Paper I, namely that cost efficiency is lower in high-density areas and in contracts that are directly awarded to a publicly owned operator. When comparing the cost efficiency of the PTAs (or counties), most exhibit small differences. The difference between the 1st and 15th-ranked county is only about 8 percent. The difference is somewhat larger when turning to the third and second least efficient counties of Stockholm and Skåne. The least efficient county of Västmanland is about 30 less cost efficient than the 1st-ranked county.De senaste sju åren har de totala kostnaderna för att bedriva kollektivtrafik i Sverige ökat med över 30 procent i reala termer enligt siffror från myndigheten Trafikanalys. Jämförs en längre tidsperiod hittas samma mönster. En del av kostnadsökningen kan förklaras med ett ökat utbud under perioden, och en del med ökade priser på insatsfaktorer vilket kan mätas med ett prisindex sammansatt av kollektivtrafikbranschen. Det faktum att ungefär hälften av kollektivtrafikens kostnader täcks av offentliga medel ställer krav på ett ansvarsfullt utnyttjande, vilket i sin tur kräver information om hur kostnader och kostnadseffektivitet påverkas. Dylik information är begränsad för svensk kollektivtrafik, vilket är den huvudsakliga motiveringen till de två papperen i denna uppsats. I den tillhörande kappan beskrivs de senaste decenniernas utveckling i den svenska kollektivtrafiken, med ett större fokus på de senaste tio åren med branschens fördubblingsprojekt samt marknadsöppningen år 2012. Som nämndes tidigare har kostnaderna som helhet, samt olika typer av styckkostnader såsom kostnad per körd utbudskilometer, ökat i reala termer sedan 2007. Även om delar av kostnadsökningarna kan attribueras till ett ökat utbud eller prisökningar i insatsfaktorer kan utvecklingen ändå vara problematisk av åtminstone två anledningar. För det första verkar branschens ambition att fördubbla resandet till år 2020 ha gett en utbudsökning under åren kring 2010, och en resandeökning något år senare. Vad som är tydligt är dock att både kostnaden per utbudskilometer och passagerare ökat. I ljuset av detta blir det tveksamt om utbudsökningarna skett på rätt ställen. För det andra är det oklart om en prisökning i insatsfaktorerna kan ses som ”acceptabla” anledningar till branschens kostnadsökning. I den mån kollektivtrafikmyndigheter och/eller operatörer kan påverka priset på insatsfaktorer såsom bussar (särkrav, miljökrav etc.) eller personal (personalövertagande etc.) riskerar man ett endogent samband vilket gör att dessa, potentiellt kostnadsdrivande, faktorer lätt kan sorteras bort som allmänna prisökningar. I slutet av kappan förs även en diskussion om den bristande tillgången på offentlig data i svensk kollektivtrafik, och att kollektivtrafikmyndigheterna inte följer uppsatta EU förordningar relaterat till detta. Ett större utbud av data, och helst ett öppet sådant, skulle möjliggöra för mer jämförelser mellan kontrakt, utförare och kollektivtrafikmyndigheter, vilket i förlängningen tydligare skulle kunna påvisa bra och dåliga exempel i branschen och bidra ett bättre resursutnyttjande av skattemedel. Nedan följer en sammanfattning av de två papper som ingår i licentiatuppsatsen. Papper I, “Costs for Swedish Public Transport Authorities”, använder data från år 2012 på kontraktsnivå för att med ekonometriska metoder analysera hur olika kontraktsfaktorer påverkar kostnaderna i busskontrakt. Analysen utgår från en teoretisk modell visar på kostnadsmekanismer i de två vanligaste kontraktstyperna, och som ger några insikter om vilka resultat som kan förväntas från den empiriska analysen. De viktigaste resultaten från den ekonometriska analysen är att kostnaderna är högre om kontraktet körs i ett område med hög befolkningstäthet, eller om operatören av ett kontrakt har en offentlig ägare (kommun eller landsting). Incitamentsersättning till operatören kan inte påvisas ha en statistiskt signifikant påverkan på kostnaderna. Papper II, “Cost Efficiency in Swedish Public Transport” , har en liknande utgångspunkt som Papper I, men använder stokastisk frontanalys för att fokusera på kostnadseffektivitet och skillnader i denna mellan kollektivtrafikmyndigheter. Data från år 2013 används tillsammans med ett antal andra datakällor för att ta fram en kostnadsfront, där vissa avvikelser från denna attribueras som kostnadsineffektivitet. Resultaten påminner om de i Papper I, nämligen att kostnadseffektiviteten är lägre i tätbefolkade områden, samt i kontrakt som direkttilldelas en offentligt ägd operatör. En jämförelse av kollektivtrafikmyndigheternas (länens) kostnadseffektivitet visar att de flesta län inte skiljer sig åt. Skillnaden mellan den mest effektiva och 15e mest effektiva länet är ca 8 procent. Skillnaden är något större till Stockholms och Skåne län, som har tredje respektive näst lägsta kostnadseffektivitet, samt det sist placerade länet, Västmanland, som är cirka 30 procent mer ineffektiv än det bäst placerade.
QC 20151007
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Quintero, Múnera Andrés, and Ibáñez María Alejandra Páez. "The Sanctioning Power of the Administration in the Public Procurement Scope: The Cases of Peru and Colombia." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118194.
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Initially the exercise of sanctioning powers is contextualized in the field of government procurement in Colombia, regulatory and jurisprudential development of this power and the procedure envisaged by the legislature for the imposition of sanctions is exposed when a violation or breach of it becomes apparent the contractor’s obligations, specifying the scope and gaps that the process involves. Then the consecration of the sanctioning power of the administration is presented in the Peruvian law, marking the differences with the model adopted by the Colombian law, to conclude with some perspectives on the subject.Inicialmente se contextualiza el ejercicio de la potestad sancionadora en el ámbito de la contratación estatal en Colombia. Se expone el desarrollo normativo y jurisprudencial de esta facultad y el procedimiento que ha previsto el legislador para la imposición de sanciones cuando se evidencie una infracción o incumplimiento de las obligaciones del contratista, precisándose el alcance y los vacíos que el procedimiento comporta. En seguida, se presenta la consagración de la potestad sancionadora de la administración en el derecho peruano, marcando las diferencias con el modelo adoptado por la legislación colombiana, para concluir con algunas perspectivas sobre el tema.
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Shimabukuro, Tokashiki Néstor Raúl. "The Principle of Mutability or Flexibility in the Modification of the Contract of Concession of Public Services and Public Works of Infrastructure Subscribed in the Legal Framework of Public-Private Partnerships "." Derecho & Sociedad, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118969.
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The present article seeks to show the aplication of the mutability principle in amendments on concession contracts that are made on the legal frame of public-private partnership, giving a doctrinaire vision and also the Peruvian normative treatment.El presente artículo busca dar luces de la aplicación del principio de mutabilidad en la modificación de los contratos de concesión que se realizan bajo el marco jurídico de asociaciones público-privadas, dando una reflexión doctrinaria y su contraparte normativa en el sistema peruano.
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Schwartz, Brett M., Jadon Lincoln, Jose L. Sanchez, and Leslie S. Beltz. "Update of the Navy Contract Writing Guide Phase III." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/34230.
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The purpose of this MBA Project is to provide a comprehensive update of the Navy Contract Writing Guide. The project was conducted with the sponsorship and assistance of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research, Development, and Acquisition. The guide was updated in December 2003 in an effort to provide organization and clear and concise solutions to current contract issues. Extensive research, incorporating interviews, websites, and regulations were utilized in updating this guide. It has been reorganized to better reflect actual contract writing and to address issues and solutions that were not previously addressed within the guide. This guide will provide a comprehensive instruction on contract writing with invaluable information relating to the most common contract issue, problem disbursements.
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Chen, Bin, and 陈斌. "Two essays on the economics of contract and organization." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44547444.
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Pang, Oi Ling Irene. "Dispute resolution for construction contracts adopting the 1999 general conditions of contract of the HKSAR deficiencies in the GCC /." access abstract and table of contents access full-text, 2006. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?ma-slw-b21847691a.pdf.
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Sundelius, Peter. "Beyond the Standards : Appropriate to the subject matter of a public procurement contract." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-265193.
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Lepse, James LeVoy. "What to Buy: the Underexplored Dimension of the Smart-buyer Problem." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50623.
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Using one question of Donald Kettl\'s smart-buyer problem as the basis of investigation, this study empirically examines the relationship between five selected services contract characteristics related to requirements and evaluation ratings of 120 federal information technology investments. The five contract characteristics selected for investigation were: Contract Type, Extent Competed, Performance-Based Acquisition, Integrated Process Team, and Program Manager Qualification. Analysis of these characteristics is relevant because current federal acquisition policy advocates particular contract characteristics as the preferred methods of procurement and others as widely accepted best practices. The five selected contract characteristics were analyzed for over 200 information technology services contracts using two separate statistical tests and four variants of information technology investment ratings as the dependent variable. Empirical evidence failed to reject the null hypothesis that there is no statistically significant correlation between selected service contract characteristics related to contract requirements and investment ratings. This failure of rejection through multiple tests led to the conclusion that service contract requirements are not better defined in cases when they should be based on selected contract characteristics. In order to better inform and understand the quantitative findings, interviews were conducted with over 20 senior acquisition and information technology executives representing 11 different federal departments and industry. None of the senior executives interviewed disputed the null finding and nearly 70 percent of subject matter experts interviewed were unsurprised that the selected service contract characteristics did not correlate with investment ratings.The lack of correlation between selected contract characteristics related to requirements and investment ratings indicates that service contract requirements definition is a significant problem for federal agencies. That conclusion was confirmed by interviews with senior subject matter experts who consistently stated that accurately defining and managing information technology service contract requirements is a genuine challenge facing the federal government today.
Although empirical evidence failed to reject the null hypothesis, subsequent interviews revealed other factors that may have greater bearing on requirements and acquisition program outcomes than the five selected service contract characteristics. They present promising topics that merit further research.
Ph. D.
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Ko, Jaekwon. "Values Public Managers Hold, Organizational Environments, and Public Service Characteristics in Explaining the Choice of Public Service Delivery Modes: Focused on County and City Governments in Virginia." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/19330.
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Over the past several decades, local governments have provided public services through a dynamic process including direct public delivery and market contracts. These public service delivery modes have been influenced by the dominant paradigms in contemporary public administration such as New Public Management (NPM) and Public Value Management (PVM). This study aims to examine factors influential in choosing public service delivery modes in local governments. Influential factors are divided into three main categories. The first category is public values as perceived by public managers. The second category is related to organizational environments. The third category is associated with characteristics of public services. This study focuses on public service delivery in County and City governments in Virginia. In order to test hypotheses, I use two sets of data: a survey and the U.S. Census. First, the survey measures public values, organizational environments, and public service characteristics. The survey population consists of 95 Counties and 39 Independent Cities in Virginia. The total number of County Administrators and City Managers who responded to the survey was 70. Second, the U.S. Census provides demographic information. In analyzing data to address research questions, I use descriptive analysis and a binary logistical regression model. Findings indicate that the more County Administrators and City Managers perceive the importance of efficiency and customer orientation values from New Public Management in determining public service delivery modes, the more local governments choose contracting out. In contrast, the more County Administrators and City Managers perceive the importance of fairness, political accountability, and employee safety values from Public Value Management in determining public service delivery modes, the more local governments choose delivery by public.Ph. D.
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Enonchong, Nelson Egbe. "Ordre public and public policy in French and English law : a study in contract and conflict of laws." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260607.
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Harries, Andrew William. "Public dimensions of private contracting : the institutional ordering of trans-sectoral exchange in the NHS." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2002. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/19049/.
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Socio-legal studies of the role of legal institutions in ordering contracting behaviour in both commercial and government sectors are in broad agreement that exchange is effected by a variety of legal, extra-legal and economic norms and modes of enforcement. The present study evaluates the adequacy of current socio-legal analyses of the use, function and relevance of legal institutions in contracting practice in the particular trans-sectoral context of NIHS purchasing of cleaning, catering, and computing services involving a regional health authority in the North of England. Rejecting an instrumentalist conception of the relationship between law and social action, the thesis analyses the static and dynamic dimensions of order in these transactions with reference to an institutionalist theoretical model distinguishing: first, institutional environment (formal structure); second, institutional arrangements (relational structure); and third, the processes through which these institutional levels are mediated and negotiated. The case studies demonstrate in depth how the NHS policy-regulatory context affected the form and degree of performance and risk planning; how the planning of contract contents was oriented to both rights-in-law and the business deal; how different co-operative outcomes resulted from the use, displacement and supplementation of contract in the governance of the transactions; and how decisionmaking in regard to the various uses and non-uses of contract was guided by common understandings ('norms about norms') about the institutional environment and governance of institutional arrangements. Two types of contractual orientation with different governance implications are distinguished: first, circumstances where contracting was regarded as part of NHS administration, and where the contract was supplemented mainly by administrative hierarchical norms; and second, where contract management occurred more independently of hierarchical influences, and where the contract was supplemented by norms more akin to those of ordinary commercial dealing. Generally, the key factor accounting for the quality of the newly established exchange relationships in the case studies is shown to be the influence of the NHS as a public purchasing organisation on the institutional environment of trans-sectoral exchange and on the institutional arrangements made within it.
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Smith, Katie Louise. "Contract adjustments and public procurement : an analysis of the law and its application." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41936/.
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The focus of this study is on the public procurement law applicable where UK contracting authorities seek to adjust the provisions of existing contracts. This study aims firstly to identify the law applicable to contract adjustments and secondly to establish how that law is applied in practice. In order to achieve the first objective, chapter 2 of this study set out the substantive law applicable to contract adjustments (including that arising from the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union , the Public Contracts Regulations 2006 and 2015, and case law) and chapters 3, 4, and 5 consider respectively the content of that law specifically in the cases of review clauses, adjustments upon operation of law, and other adjustments. The second objective is met through considering the findings of relevant case law and also through undertaking empirical research. Chapter 6 set out the empirical research method, which focuses on adjustments to public private partnership contracts in the health, secure accommodation and education sectors. Data was collected through semi-structured questionnaires from private practice lawyers who advise contracting authorities on adjustments to those contracts within the scope of this research and contracting authorities themselves. Chapter 7 then sets out the findings of that empirical research. In the concluding chapter 8 the findings of the research are set out including an explanation of the ambiguities identified in the existing legal framework, and an articulation of the overall approach taken by contracting authorities when adjusting contracts, which suggests that a pragmatic approach (including assessment of likelihood of successful procurement law challenge) is taken to best enable the attainment of the contracting authorities’ procurement objectives. The study closes by setting out ways in which the law on contract adjustments could be clarified or improved.
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Champauzac, Matthieu. "Contrats publics et domaine privé." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON10062.
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Alors que les contrats d'occupation du domaine public focalisent l'attention de la doctrine, cette dernière délaisse largement l'analyse et la compréhension des éléments de particularité des contrats conclus sur le domaine privé. La présente recherche propose ainsi d'appréhender les évolutions textuelles et, surtout, jurisprudentielles qui intéressent la définition, la nature ou encore le régime juridique des contrats qui prennent pour objet ce domaine. L'intérêt de la thèse réside alors tant dans son champ d'étude que dans l'hypothèse formulée. Au travers du prisme du caractère public des contrats, la recherche met en exergue les éléments de convergence de ces différentes techniques contractuelles portant sur le domaine privé. Cette approche théorique permet de dépasser l'analyse doctrinale classique qui consiste à présenter et opposer ces contrats par rapport à leur dualité de nature juridique.Ainsi, une classification des contrats publics portant sur le domaine privé fondée sur leur prestation caractéristique et le lien plus ou moins ténu qu'ils entretiennent avec l'intérêt général, se montre en premier lieu pertinente. Le contentieux relatif à ces contrats connaît d'autre part certains bouleversements et incertitudes qui nécessitent d'être analysés et éclaircis.La seconde partie de la thèse se recentre sur la spécialisation de leur régime juridique, non pas à l'égard des seuls contrats ayant une nature administrative, mais bien au titre d'un examen d'ensemble des contrats publics portant sur le domaine privé. Au-delà de la nature juridique particulière de chaque contrat, les effets de droit liés au critère organique confirment que celui-ci est partiellement opérant en ce qu'il caractérise une certaine spécialisation de leurs régimes de formation et d'exécution. Leur régime illustre en fin de compte l'existence d'une certaine originalité des règles spécifiquement applicables à cette catégorie de contrats publicsWhen the law teaches mainly about the use of the public domain, we need to understand the specific elements relative to the contracts on the private domain as well. This research paper will show how the texts, as well as the jurisprudence, have affected the definition, the nature and the legal status of these contracts, particularly in relation to the private domain. The specifics of this research lay in the study of the different contracts relative to the private domain and how these techniques can converge on the issue of the public property of the public persons. This particular theory will allow to widen the classic analysis which is opposing contracts on their nature.In a first part, we will classify the public contracts relative to the private domain, according to their characteristics and their relation to the general interest. The different litigations related to these contracts have been changing and some uncertainties need to be clarified and analysed.The second part of the thesis will focus on the legal status of these contracts, not only from their administative's nature, but also the contracts related to the private domain as a whole. Beyond the specific nature of each contract, being a public person implies specific legal rights as far as the constitution of the contract and its execution. In the end, their status illustrates a certain originality in the rules relative to this particular category of public contracts
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Clerc, François. "Les contrats d'assurance des collectivités territoriales ou la difficile conciliation entre des logiques juridiques différentes." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOD014.
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La décentralisation en transférant des compétences et des responsabilités aux collectivités territoriales a créé des centres de décision susceptibles de s’assurer, et a entrainé une modification de la gestion des risques. Cette gestion des risques constitue une opération à logique à la fois économique et assurantielle de segmentation, fondée sur le calcul actuariel, qui ignore la notion d’égalité et de solidarité des communes entre elles et qui met en vérité celles-ci dans une situation de faiblesse contractuelle en contradiction avec les prérogatives de puissance publique qui sont leur apanage. L’application du code des marchés publics organise certes, la concurrence par une objectivation des procédures, mais n’aboutit pas nécessairement à un choix fondé sur la qualité, tant la spécificité du droit des assurances limite les vertus attribuées au processus de mise en concurrence. La qualification critiquée de contrat administratif des marchés publics d’assurance n’a pas atteint son objectif d’unification des contentieux, précontractuel et contractuel, du fait des règles spécifiques de l’assurance mais n’a pas non plus rétabli, dans le cadre du rapport contractuel une égalité entre les contractants. De plus, malgré l’élargissement des possibilités de recours et en l’absence de contrôle sur le contenu des contrats, le mécanisme de subrogation, associé aux accords de règlement entre assureurs fait échapper quasi totalement le règlement des litiges aux collectivités territoriales. La coexistence entre le droit des assurances de source législative, le droit administratif encore largement d’origine jurisprudentielle, et le droit privé se révèle donc pour le moins difficileDecentralization by transferring powers and responsibilities to local governments has created decision centers that are likely to be insured, and has led to a change in risk management. This risk management is a logical operation in the economic and insurance-time segmentation, based on the actuarial calculation that ignores the notion of equality and solidarity, common between them and puts them in a situation of contractual weakness inconsistent with the public powers that are their prerogative. The application of the public procurement code certainly organizes competition objectification procedures, but does not necessarily lead to a choice based on quality, as the specificity of insurance law limits the virtues attributed to the process of competition. Qualification criticized administrative contract procurement insurance has not reached its goal of unification of pre-contractual and contractual disputes because of the specific insurance rules and has not either restored within the contractual relationship equality between the contracting parties. Moreover, despite the expansion of recourse and in the absence of control over the content of contracts, subrogation mechanism associated with settlement agreements between insurers is almost entirely escape the settlement of disputes with local authorities. Coexistence between insurance law legislative source, administrative law still largely based on jurisprudence law, and private law thus appears to be quite difficult
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Azrafil, Lama. "La durée des délégations de service public : l'exemple de la France et du Liban." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD021/document.
Full textAbstract:
L’étude de la durée des délégations de service public a été pour longtemps marginalisée bien que cette notion constitue un élément essentiel du contrat. Néanmoins, depuis le début des années 1990 et notamment avec l’adoption de la loi Sapin, la conception de la fixation de la durée et de l’encadrement de sa prolongation a connu une importance grandissante. Elle a été conçue comme le moyen le plus apte à garantir la lutte contre la corruption et les rentes de situations. Cependant les modalités de la détermination de la durée ont été rattachées à des notions variables tel l’amortissement, ce qui a rendu la fixation préalable de la durée d’une impossibilité évidente. De ce fait, cette fixation telle qu’exercée aujourd’hui en matière des délégations de service public, souffre d’une grave incohérence tant dans sa conceptualisation que dans son application. Par conséquent, cette théorie n’a pas réussi à préserver le service public et à trouver une sorte de compromis entre le délégant et le délégataire qui tient compte primordialement de l’intérêt du service et de l’usager. Il semble que seule la théorie de la durée variable, liée aux résultats de l’exploitation saurait remédier aux difficultés que soulève une constante variation des circonstances. Dans cette perspective, désencombrer la durée nous pousse à amplifier le contrôle et à élargir l’imperium du magistrat pour assurer la sauvegarde du service publicThe study of the duration of delegation of public services has long been marginalized despiet it being an essential element of the contract. However, since the early nineties, and with the adoption of the Sapin law, the concept of the determination of the duration and of the frames setting out its extension has received increased attention. It has been seen as the most appropriate means to guarantee the fight against corruption. Nonetheless, the modalities of determination of the duration have been linked to multiple notions such as amortization, which has rendered an early determination of the duration impossible. As a consequence, the determination of the duration, as practised today, suffers from serious incoherences in both concept and application. Therefore, this theory has failed to protect public services and permit compromise between the delegate and the person being delegated to, primarily taking into account the best interests of the service and the user. It appears that only a theory of a variable duration, linked to the results of the operation would remedy the difficulties raized by the ever-changing circonstances. In this perspective, simplifiying the duration would lead to increased control and power of the judge in order to safeguard public services
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Mrňová, Zuzana. "Řízení veřejné stavební zakázky malého rozsahu se zaměřením na cenu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372172.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this Master’s thesis is to propose a procedure for the management of small-scale public construction contracts for municipalities. The procedure is designed based on information obtained from an analysis of the development of the existence and quality of internal regulations, an analysis of the development of information openness and in particular, a questionnaire completed amongst the mayors of municipalities. The resulting procedure for the awarding of small-scale public construction contracts is divided into three categories according to the expected value of the public contract. For each category, the number of suppliers contacted, the address of the suppliers, the decision-making entity and the bid evaluation process are set out in such a way that small municipalities can use this procedure as an internal rule for small-scale public construction contracts.
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Sion, Delphine. "De l'apport de l'enrichissement sans cause au droit des contrats administratifs : contribution au règlement indemnitaire des situations péri-contractuelles." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1062/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les situations péri-contractuelles se caractérisent par le fait qu'une tierce personne a réalisé des prestations au profit d'une personne publique en l'absence de contrat valide. Le prestataire ne peut réclamer le paiement du service rendu à la collectivité en invoquant les obligations résultant de l'accord qu'il a passé avec l'Administration. Pour sa part, la personne publique ne bénéficie d'aucune garantie contractuelle, ou post-contractuelle, au titre des malfaçons affectant l'ouvrage livré. Afin de garantir les divers intérêts en présence, le juge administratif a progressivement élaboré une solution juridique équitable, qui permet de régler le déséquilibre entre les situations financières des parties, en combinant les fondements de responsabilité, soit quasi-contractuelle, soit quasi-délictuelle. L'indemnité d'enrichissement sans cause permettra ainsi de couvrir l'ensemble des dépenses que le prestataire a utilement exposées au profit de la personne publique et une indemnisation complémentaire pourra lui être accordée afin de compenser le manque à gagner qu'il a subi du fait de l'inexistence d'un contrat. De plus les dommages résultant pour la personne publique, de la livraison d'un ouvrage non conforme à sa destination, pour avoir été construit en méconnaissance des règles de l'art, ouvrent droit à réparation sur le fondement de la responsabilité quasi-délictuelle des entreprisesThe situations peri-contract are characterized by the fact that a third person realizes services for the benefit of a public person in the absence of valid contract. The person receiving benefits cannot demand the payment of the service provided in the community by calling upon the obligations resulting from an agreement spent with the Administration. The public person does'nt benefit from any contractual guarantee, or post-contractual, in conformance for the faults affecting the delivered work. To guarantee the diverse interests in presence, the administrative judge gradually developes a legal solution which enables to adjust the imbalance between the financial situations of the parts by combining the foundations of quasi-contractual or quasi-delictual responsibility. The compensation of enrichment without cause will in that way allows to cover the total expense that the person receiving benefits usefully exposed for the benefit of the public person and a complementary compensation can be granted to him to compensate for the loss of income which he suffered because of the absence of contract. More the damage resulting for the public person, of the delivery of a work not in compliance with its destination, to have been built in misunderstanding of the rules of the art, opens straight ahead to repair on the foundation of the quasi-delictual responsibility of companies
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Elston, Jackie Cook. "Higher Education and the Social Contract: Achieving Alignment with the Service Mission in the Liberal Arts/Sciences at Urban Universities." VCU Scholars Compass, 1999. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4540.
Full textAbstract:
American higher education exists today in an environment of accountability. The public is demanding full participation in addressing the considerable social, health and economic problems facing society. Despite explicit statements of commitment to public service and community outreach however, according to numerous studies conducted over the past twenty years, universities are not articulating this commitment in faculty roles and rewards.
This study advances the discussion of roles and rewards at one particular model of institution — the urban university. The focus is on the behavior and attitudes of academic leaders at these unique institutions to determine the extent to which faculty public service activities are valued . The liberal arts/humanities/sciences schools at urban universities are the unit. of analysis based on the knowledge these faculty can contribute to the solution of social problems.
A descriptive research design was developed to determine the prevalence of certain attitudes at a sample of urban universities. Cross-sectional and case study methods were used to survey 70 institutions. Based on the findings of the study, the conclusion is drawn that, overall, strategies, rewards and structures at the majority of liberal arts/humanities/sciences schools that were part of this study are not in alignment with the public service mission.
Authors of organizational theory claim that congruence — alignment of goals and rewards — is necessary for success. Interviews with deans of schools that were determined to be "successful" in aligning rewards yielded common philosophies regarding articulating the service mission. For example:
• Boyer's broadest view of scholarship has been incorporated into efforts to redefine faculty roles and rewards.
• "The partnership is the new concept that replaces volunteer work with creative, mutually-rewarded research and teaching in the community setting."
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Navid, Babak. "Analysing different quality situations within public-private partnership of infrastructure." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190785.
Full textAbstract:
Due to the increasing amount of private-public partnership procurements, the pros and cons of this subject area is of great concern for economists and stakeholders. Previous studies regarding the rationale of this type of procurement argued on the externalities of private-public partnership. Most arguments were upon the negative externalities, which can reduce the private-public partnership’s value. In this thesis, externalities in private-public partnership for infrastructure projects are explained by using operation and maintenance, and user’s quality in more detail and compared in different situations. This study carries that with having positively correlated qualities, the private sector will have maximum profit and by having uncorrelated qualities, and the private sector will have more profit compared to negatively correlated qualities. Furthermore the ways to design optimal contract for public sector, which gives the incentive to the private sector to enhance quality and reduce life-cycle costs, is analyzed.
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Butler, Luke R. A. "Public contract law as a barrier to, and instrument for, Transatlantic defence trade liberalization." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4993/.
Full textAbstract:
The European Union recently adopted a Defence Procurement Directive. Designed to regulate an internal market for defence material, the development is highly controversial. For many years, the U.S. has received privileged access to the national defence markets of the Member States. A lack of competition has resulted in stagnated markets with decreased increased possibilities of dependence on the U.S. In respective to the Directive, U.S. commentators have identified the possibility for its provisions to discriminate against U.S. contractors. This forces a fundamental assessment of the role of legal institutions which regulate transatlantic defence trade. This thesis aims to subject the EU and U.S. defence procurement regimes to critical description and analysis.
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Hlekani, Mphakamisi Witness. "Termination of the employment contract due to ill-health in the public education sector." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020969.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of the present treatise concerns termination of employment contracts that are effected as a result of an employee’s incapacity on the grounds of ill-health or injury. Every employee has the right not to be dismissed unfairly. The Labour Relations Act, 1995 recognises three grounds on which termination of employment might be legitimate. These include the conduct of the employee, the capacity of the employee and the operational requirements of the employer’s business. However, fundamental to any contract of employment is the obligation that rests on an employee not to be absent from work without justification. The Incapacity Code and Procedure in respect of Ill-health or Injury applicable to Educators is contained in Schedule 1 to the Employment of Educators Act, 1998. In addition there are collective agreements which are the products of collective bargaining that are also applicable to all categories of employees employed in the public education sector. Notably, PSCBC Resolution 7 of 2000 forms part of the subject of our discussion. The Department of Education determined the use of independent Health-risk Managers to provide advice on the management of incapacity leave and ill-health retirement, thereby ensuring objective and impartial evaluation which are largely acceptable to employees and their labour representatives. This is the Policy and Procedure on Incapacity Leave and Ill-Health Retirement in the Public Service. The appointed Health-risk Managers make recommendations to the Head of Department who thereafter implement the recommendations and deal with issues of a case to absolute finality. More importantly, the Policy and Procedure for incapacity leave and ill-health retirement in the Public Service is issued in terms of legislation, that is, section 3(3) of the Public Service Act, 1994 and therefore is not a collective agreement. Under the circumstances, it is not always easy to determine a real dispute and an issue in dispute. Because of this uncertainty arbitrators often found that bargaining councils have no jurisdiction to entertain these disputes, while on the other hand some arbitrators opined that bargaining councils do have jurisdiction In this treatise the general principles of the employment contract, the legislative framework applicable in the public education sector in determining an application for temporary incapacity leave and ill-health retirement and procedural and substantive issues in the termination of employment contract due to ill-health are considered and explained. The legal questions around the issue of discretion exercised by the Head of Department in granting or declining applications for ill-health are also examined. The primary aim of the treatise is to provide a clear exposition of the rather complicated law relating to incapacity due to ill-health and injury in public education.
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Silva, Maria de Jesus Lopes. "FiscalizaÃÃo de contratos administrativos na Universidade Federal do CearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14307.
Full textAbstract:
O alcance do interesse pÃblico nÃo se concretiza apenas com as etapas do planejamento, da licitaÃÃo e da contrataÃÃo. Chega-se ao momento de proceder à execuÃÃo do contrato e, sob o aspecto legal, o administrador pÃblico deve designar servidor para fiscalizar essa execuÃÃo. A fiscalizaÃÃo funciona como mecanismo garantidor da melhor execuÃÃo do contrato e da fidelidade ao seu objeto, alÃm de assegurar o cumprimento do princÃpio da eficiÃncia na AdministraÃÃo PÃblica. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a fiscalizaÃÃo de contratos administrativos de natureza contÃnua, no perÃodo de 2012 a 2014, na Universidade Federal do CearÃ. A abordagem teÃrica està baseada nos conceitos do processo da contrataÃÃo pÃblica brasileira e suas fases, de contratos administrativos e suas caracterÃsticas e de gestÃo e fiscalizaÃÃo de contratos, focada na atuaÃÃo e responsabilidades dos fiscais. Caracteriza-se como pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa e estudo de caso, feito com suporte bibliogrÃfico, documental e de campo. Como instrumento de pesquisa foi utilizado questionÃrio, o qual foi aplicado aos fiscais e ex-fiscais de contratos administrativos de natureza continuada da instituiÃÃo. Os resultados encontrados apontam que o gestor da UFC escolheu acertadamente o agente executor do contrato, porÃm, falta a ele apoio administrativo, o conhecimento e a aplicaÃÃo de instrumentos padronizados de fiscalizaÃÃo e, principalmente treinamento e capacitaÃÃo.The scope of the public interest is not realized only through the steps of planning, bidding and contracting. You get to the point to carry out the contract and under the legal aspect, the public administrator must designate server to monitor their implementation. The supervision functions as guarantor mechanism of best execution of the contract and fidelity to its object, and ensure compliance with the principle of efficiency in public administration. This study aims to analyze the supervision of administrative contracts of continuous nature, in the period 2012-2014, the Universidade Federal do CearÃ. The theoretical approach is based on the process of the concepts of the Brazilian public procurement and its phases of administrative contracts and their characteristics and management and supervision of contracts, focused on the role and responsibilities of tax. It is characterized as descriptive research with qualitative approach and case study, done with bibliographic support, documentary and field. The research instrument was used questionnaire, which was applied to tax and former tax administrative contracts continuing nature of the institution. The results show that the UFC manager rightly chose the executive agent of the contract, however, he lacks administrative support, knowledge and the application of standardized instruments of surveillance and especially training and capacity building.
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Carneiro, Echevarría Max. "Towards a Finalist Conception of the Concession Contract." Derecho & Sociedad, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118897.
Full textAbstract:
This article analyzes the need to adopt a strictly contractual vision of the concession contract, that limits the discretionary actions of the State, in order to allow legal framework permit the development of infraestructure for public use.En el presente artículo se analiza la necesidad de adoptar una visión estrictamentecontractual del contrato de concesión, que limite las actuaciones discrecionales del Estado, a fin de que el marco legal aplicable permita el desarrollo de la infraestructura de uso público.
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Bartolucci, Mattéo. "L'acte plurilatéral en droit public." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2020. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247218813.
Full textAbstract:
La notion d’acte plurilatéral est issue d’une doctrine importée en France par Léon Duguit au début du XXe siècle. D’origine allemande, cette doctrine consiste à subsumer tous les accords de volontés sous une méta-catégorie nommée « acte plurilatéral », dont le contrat n’est qu’une sous-catégorie. Avec l’acte unilatéral, l’acte plurilatéral forme la summa divisio des actes juridiques. Comme l’acte unilatéral, l’acte plurilatéral connaît plusieurs subdivisions catégorielles auxquelles sont attachés des régimes juridiques distincts. Face à la crise contractuelle que traverse notre ordre juridique et à la multiplication des pseudo-contrats, le concept d’acte plurilatéral constitue un palliatif nécessaire. Remis au goût du jour, il permet ainsi une classification des accords de volontés à même de clarifier une matière en proie à un certain désordreThe notion of plurilateral decision comes from a doctrine imported in France by Leon Duguit at the beginning of the 20th century. Of German origin, this doctrine consists in subsuming all the agreements under a meta-category called “plurilateral decision”, the contract of which is only a subcategory. Along with the unilateral decision, the plurilateral decision constitutes the summa divisio of legal acts. Like the unilateral decision, the plurilateral decision has several categorial subdivisions to wich distinct legal regimes are attached. Faced with the contractual crisis our legal order is going through and the multiplication of pseudo contracts, the concept of plurilateral decision represents a necessary stopgap. Modernized, it thus provides a classification of agreements able to clarify a subject presently faced to some disorder
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Apsokardou, Eirini. "Le domaine de la loi et du règlement dans le droit des contrats administratifs." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020004.
Full textAbstract:
Tant pour la jurisprudence (constitutionnelle et administrative) que pour une partie de la doctrine, l’encadrement de la passation et de l’exécution des contrats administratifs de l’État et de ses établissements publics ainsi que des marchés des collectivités territoriales et de leurs établissements relève du domaine du règlement. Et ce, car à l’origine, l’association du droit de la commande publique aux matières relevant traditionnellement du pouvoir réglementaire autonome, telles que la procédure administrative non contentieuse et l’organisation des services publics est un fait établi. Pourtant, le désordre normatif dans les sources législatives et réglementaires du droit des contrats de la commande publique est largement dû à la place marquée du pouvoir réglementaire. Malgré la consolidation jurisprudentielle de cette dernière, des textes législatifs destinés à s’articuler avec les textes réglementaires se sont multipliés, accentuant la complexité de la matière. En général, le mouvement ascendant des sources du droit des contrats administratifs de la commande publique dans la hiérarchie des normes ces dernières années, y compris sa dimension communautaire, exige l’intervention préalable du législateur. De la sorte, la réorganisation des sources textuelles du droit des contrats de la commande publique s’impose avec la plus grande acuité par la ré-détermination des fondements constitutionnels des compétences normatives en la matière et, consécutivement, des rapports entre la loi et le règlement en faveur de la première dans l’encadrement du régime de la passation et d’exécution des contrats respectifs. L’unification du fondement constitutionnel de la compétence de la loi en matière contractuelle sur le fondement de l’article 34 qui attribue au législateur le soin de déterminer les principes fondamentaux des obligations civiles contribuera décisivement à la cohérence et à la systématisation des sources du droit de la commande publique. Une fois la compétence de la loi sauvegardée, le règlement se limitera à son rôle habituel, à savoir, un rôle secondaire et subordonné à l’égard de celle-ciAccording to the case law of the Constitutional Council and the administrative courts as well as to some public law theorists, the definition of the rules governing the award and the performance of Government administrative contracts, administrative contracts of State-depended public bodies and public contracts of local authorities falls within the scope of the regulatory powers of Government. More specifically it is argued that public procurement law is part of the rules governing the procedure of administrative decision making and the organisation of public services which are matters traditionally reserved to the autonomous regulatory power. The lack of coherence within the legislative and regulatory sources of public procurement law is mainly due to the predominant role of regulations. Despite the latter’s consolidation by the French courts, the growing number of legislative texts intended to build a coherent set of rules in this field has become a source of complexity. The transformation of the sources of the law of administrative contracts in the last few years – including the Community law dimension – requires the prior intervention of the Legislature. Therefore, the provisions governing the law of public procurement contracts should necessarily be restructured. This could be achieved through the redefinition of the constitutional basis of legislative and regulatory powers in the field of public contract law and consequently through a new balance between law and regulation with the intention of safeguarding the predominance of the former. Drafting the rules on the basis of Article 34 of the French Constitution which enables the Legislature to define the fundamental principles of civil obligations will clearly contribute to a more coherent and systematic approach regarding the sources of public procurement law.. Should the powers of the Legislature be safeguarded, the regulations will then be confined to their usual role, which is secondary and subordinate to Parliamentary Acts
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Wu, Jo-Ping, and 吳若萍. "Delayed Completion in Public Construction Contract with No Imputation to the Contractor." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34528067740089990809.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
法律學研究所
96
Due to the uncertainty, unpredictable factors during the performance of the construction, delay in completion are one of the most common types of construction disputes; however, the legal principles relating to delay claims have not been well developed yet. Among all the disputes, the situation to which the contractor is not imputed is the most controversial. This thesis, accordingly, focuses on such cases. As for the research method, except the analysis based on the domestic legel cases and the opinions of the scholars, this thesis also attempts to conduct a detail analysis on the foreign construction law, including their legislation and some of the acceptable standard contracts like FIDIC, JCT, AIA, as well as VOB/B. There are two key characters of the public construction contract law in Taiwan which result in most issues relating to delayed completion. The first one is that the terms or the conditions set in a standard contract are often unclear or unfair; the second is that the governing laws like Civil Code are implicit or ambiguous in such events. To response to the above-mentioned problems, the discussion over the interpretation and the validity of the provisions which substantially involves in the risk allocation in construction project is necessary. Suppose that the provisions relating to the unfair risk allocation are void, the acceptable petitions of fair and reasonable, good faith, or change of circumstances may be referred to; however, these uncertain legal terms could result in the consequence of the violation the legal certainty rule. For this sake, this thesis intends to structure a scheme of the delay claims by categorizing the delay-causative factors to concrete the law application. At last, some revision proposals will be submitted with an aim of achieving a sound legal order for public construction contract.
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Hung, Chia-ju, and 洪佳如. "The Penalty of Public Construction Procurement Contract." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01946173012527713010.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
法律學研究所
95
The Penalty of Public Construction Procurement Contract has been used broadly in practice. This article refers to the standard form of construction contract and several related regulations ordained by Public Construction Commission, Executive Yuan, listing penalty terms under a variety of conditions which is used to promote the execution and to prevent the violation of agreements by compensation or punishment. Even though both are restrictive to either side of the contract, the “compensative penalty” differs from “punitive penalty” in guidelines, conditions and effects. In addition to the definition of the occasions when the punitive penalty comes to effect, the essentiality of individual penalty clause, whether it’s compensative penalty or punitive penalty, is discussed. Furthermore, the rationality of the amount to be stipulated in the contract is another emphasized focal point while the reference penalty clause in standard form of construction contract is reviewed and some advice has been announced for future promotion.
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Kuo, Mei-ling, and 郭美伶. "Research on Contract Regulations for Public Construction." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96795236001567679852.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
88
The problems about public construction such as incomplete in construction contracts and unfair about risk sharing cause an infinite dispute. Further more, It even results in behind schedule and inferior construction quality, etc. Therefore, how to properly frame the contract clauses about public construction are essential issues worth to study now. In this study, literatures review and investigate on the contents of public construction about the right and responsibilities between both parties at first. Next, identify problems about contract on public construction from some case studies and investigation reports on contract disputes. Then, referenced some comprehensive literature and proposed a feasible checking list of construction contracts which is more practical. Unfair laws, uncertain rules and incomplete on contracts commonly in current construction contracts which induce to argument and dispute are waiting for improved. As a result, the guidelines and relative measures such as proclaiming contract regulations and revising construction contract model are proposed consequently for concerned authorities.