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1

Rao, Nyapati R. "A Raisin Brings the Sun." Psychiatric Services 68, no. 8 (2017): 762–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.68602.

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Ali, Muhammad Azhar, and Tabish Hassan. "VALUE ADDITION OF GRAPES USING HOT AIR DRYERS." Engineering Heritage Journal 6, no. 1 (2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/gwk.01.2022.19.24.

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This study includes to study the effect of air temperature on raisins and to study the economic analysis of proposed methodology and compare the output with conventional techniques. It can be seen from the results that both the hot air dryers e.g. solar and electric dryer produce raisins in a much lower time in comparison to the traditional method of raisin dryer. Solar dryer takes 96 hours to produce raisin while electric dryer takes 15 hours for raisin production. This time frame for raisin production is much lower than that of 336 hours or 2 weeks, an average time for raisin production usin
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3

Washington, J. Charles. "A Raisin in the Sun Revisited." Black American Literature Forum 22, no. 1 (1988): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2904153.

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4

Ardolino, Frank. "Hansberry's a Raisin in the Sun." Explicator 63, no. 3 (2005): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940509596934.

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5

Cooper, David. "Hansberry's a Raisin in the Sun." Explicator 52, no. 1 (1993): 59–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1993.9938741.

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6

Striegler, R. Keith, Carter P. Clary, David R. Wineman, Gina A. Wagy, and Steve Glossner. "EFFECT OF SIMULATED RAINFALL ON RAISIN QUALITY." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 677c—677. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.677c.

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Natural sun-dried raisins are susceptible to crop loss and quality reduction when rainfall occurs during the 2-3 week drying period. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of rainfall at selected stages of the raisin drying period on raisin quality. Thompson Seedless grapes were harvested and dried in the field using normal commercial practices. Raisins were moved to a humid chamber at the green, brown, turn, and roll stages of the drying period. Then, raisins were misted with 6.4 or 25.4 mm of water to simulate rainfall. Samples remained under humid conditions for approxim
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7

KARA, Gökçen. "RACISIM IN A RAISIN IN THE SUN." SOCIAL MENTALITY AND RESEARCHER THINKERS JOURNAL 7, no. 45 (2021): 977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31576/smryj.884.

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8

Javed, Hafiz Umer, Dong Wang, Rani Andaleeb, et al. "Drying Treatments Change the Composition of Aromatic Compounds from Fresh to Dried Centennial Seedless Grapes." Foods 10, no. 3 (2021): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10030559.

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Raisin aroma is a vital sensory characteristic that determines consumers’ acceptance. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in fresh grapes, air-dried (AD), pre-treated air-dried (PAD), sun-dried (SD), and pre-treated sun-dried (PSD) raisins were analyzed, with 99 and 77 free- and bound-form compounds identified in centennial seedless grapes, respectively. The hexenal, (E)-2-hexenal, 1-hexanol, ethyl alcohol, and ethyl acetate in free-form while benzyl alcohol, β-damascenone, gerenic acid in bound-form were the leading compounds. Overall, the concentration of aldehydes, alcohols, esters, acids, te
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9

Lund, Charles. "TeachingA Raisin in the Sun: Literature and Life." College Teaching 37, no. 4 (1989): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87567555.1989.10532166.

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10

이은주. "Micropolitics of Power in A Raisin in the Sun." Jungang Journal of English Language and Literature 57, no. 3 (2015): 397–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.18853/jjell.2015.57.3.020.

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11

Çağlarırmak, Necla, and Ahmet Zeki Hepçimen. "Evaluation Data of Dried Vegetables and Fruits." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, sp (2022): 2649–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9isp.2649-2658.4801.

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Drying is the process of removing of the water that has destroying effect in food products by evaporation and. Research project on the basis of direct sun drying and solar greenhouse. Basic operations research in food engineering, food chemistry, food quality control and toxicology has been established over such a broad spectrum. Subjects of investigation were in accordance with all of the values of dry matter basis. The study of dry matter and water activity values of each product (aw), direct sun drying, drying in the greenhouse. It was determined comparing nutrients of samples those were ap
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Botirova, Durdigul Rustam qizi. "DETERMINATION OF EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE TECHNOLOGIES OF DRYING VEGETABLES OF KISHMISHBOP AND MAYIZBOP." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH 1, no. 3 (2021): 564–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5046167.

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Today, due to the growing demand of the population for dried grape products, several drying technologies are used. Regardless of which drying technology we use, the intended goal is to obtain products with high quality performance and deliver them to the population. Therefore, we will get acquainted with the effectiveness of several drying technologies of white raisin and black raisin varieties of grapes.
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13

Wilkerson, Margaret B. ""A Raisin in the Sun": Anniversary of an American Classic." Theatre Journal 38, no. 4 (1986): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3208286.

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14

Shih, Yi-chin. "Dance Scenes in Lorraine Hansberry's A RAISIN IN THE SUN." Explicator 72, no. 4 (2014): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.2014.962454.

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15

김정호. "A Raisin in the Screen: A Study of Film Adaptation of Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun." Studies in English Language & Literature 35, no. 2 (2009): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21559/aellk.2009.35.2.004.

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16

S. Hama, Bakhtiar. "Intra-racism in Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun: A Sociological Study." Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani Part (B - for Humanities) 20, no. 2 (2000): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzsb.10903.

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17

Matthews, Kristin L. "The Politics of “Home” in Lorraine Hansberry'sA Raisin in the Sun." Modern Drama 51, no. 4 (2008): 556–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.51.4.556.

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18

Dr., Sathe Dhananjay Tukaram. "Racial Discrimination and Quest for Identity in Lorraine Hansberry's A Raisin in the Sun." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research S6, no. 36 (2025): 30–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15544063.

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<em>The present research paper aimed to investigate racial discrimination and the quest for identity in Lorraine Hansberry's renowned play A Raisin in the Sun. The present play addresses the segregation and racial problems that exist in American society. This play is written by an African-American playwright Lorraine Hansberry, who uses her personal experiences in American society as the basis for her work. In fact, she has been experiencing hardship due to racial discrimination and segregation in different parts of American society. However, she has powerfully been presented with racial discr
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19

Researcher. "RACISM AND THE AMERICAN DREAM IN LORRAINE HANSBERRY'S "A RAISIN IN THE SUN"." International Journal of English Language and Literature Studies (IJELLS) 3, no. 2 (2024): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13300151.

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This paper explores the intersection of racism and the American Dream in Lorraine Hansberry's play "A Raisin in the Sun." Through the experiences of the Younger family, the play highlights systemic racial barriers that impede African Americans' pursuit of happiness and success. Key themes examined include discrimination in housing, economic challenges, and the impact of racism on personal aspirations. The family's decision to move to Clybourne Park symbolizes a defiance against racial oppression, while their unity and resilience reflect the enduring struggle for equality and justice. Hansberry
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20

Shritama, Mukhopadhyay, Dutta Ratna, and Adak Arunima. "Microwave assisted vacuum drying of thompson seedless grapes: Analysis of characteristics and kinetic modelling." i-manager's Journal on Chemical Sciences 1, no. 1 (2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jchem.1.1.16340.

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A laboratory Microwave Assisted Vacuum Dryer (MAVD) was used in the present study to investigate the drying behaviour of Thompson seedless grapes under different microwave power levels, vacuum levels and thickness of grapes. It resulted in very low drying time as moisture diffusivity in grapes under MAVD process is few orders of magnitude more than that noted in sun-dried method. Drying kinetics study was done and the non-linear empirical model was found to be best fitted for describing the drying behaviour in this case. The effect of variation of process variables was studied and with respect
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21

Chappell, Michaele F., and Denisse R. Thompson. "A Raisin in the Sun: Fostering Cultural Connections with a Classic Movie." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 6, no. 4 (2000): 222–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.6.4.0222.

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WE LIVE IN AN ERA IN which students are more media savvy than ever. Throughout their school years, students encounter numerous media, such as videotapes, CD-ROMs, video games, and the World Wide Web. When planning mathematics instruction, it seems reasonable to use media resources, such as classic movies, that have rich potential for engaging students in the learning process.
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22

Neupane, Dipesh. "Racial and Cultural Tension in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun." Cognition 4, no. 1 (2022): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/cognition.v4i1.46438.

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The culture in which we are brought up shapes our traits and identity. When people move from one place to another, they get acquainted with new cultures. Then, they vacillate on the conflicting modes of dilemma – whether to follow the new culture or not. Cultural conflict arises when people cannot discard the original culture they carry from their birth. This paper explores how an African-American family confronts racial discrimination and culture clash in America, and how they react against the racial injustice. The voices that African-America people raise against racial discrimination and se
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23

Alaqeel, Ohood. "A Marxist Reading of Lorraine Hansberry’s a Raisin in the Sun (1959)." Arab World English Journal For Translation and Literary Studies 6, no. 2 (2022): 176–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol6no2.13.

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This article investigates the political and social background of Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun through the lens of Marxist theory. By asserting the thought that above all her commitments, Hansberry was devoted to the struggle for the progress of the human race. However, she recognized that this struggle had to be made according to the specific terms dictated by the time and country in which one lived. Her actions and writings left little doubt about what kinds of the stand she wanted her fellow humans to take in America in her day. The main question this article investigates is: How
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24

Schwartz, Benjamin. "The Unfinishedness & Untimeliness of A Raisin in the Sun." Texas Studies in Literature and Language 64, no. 4 (2022): 396–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/tsll64403.

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25

Aakash Sharma. "The Generational Question in A Raisin in the Sun: A Critical Analysis." Creative Saplings 1, no. 11 (2023): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.56062/gtrs.2023.1.11.210.

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One of the seminal works in the African American body of theatre, Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun accurately represents the experiences of African American life in urban centres of the US when segregation was in its last stages. Its portrayal of the black community’s repression is realistic in the themes of limited opportunities and acute poverty. This paper focuses on Hansberry’s accurate rendering of black culture and society in the play and how she penetrates the deception and hypocrisy of segregation that eroded the Black community's confidence in American society (and dream). The
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26

Fisch, Audrey A., and Susan Chenelle. "Using Nonfiction to Enhance Our Teaching of Literature." English Journal 105, no. 4 (2016): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ej201628391.

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The authors used vocabulary activities, photographs, group work, and writing with tenth-grade students to unpack a commission report on violence associated with housing desegregation in 1950s Chicago to deepen students’ engagement with Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun.
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27

RAYMOS, ARIELLE. "Lesbian Identity and “Personal Dishonesty” in Lorraine Hansberry’s “Flowers for the General”." Resources for American Literary Study 43, no. 1-2 (2021): 102–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/resoamerlitestud.43.1-2.0102.

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ABSTRACT Misconceptions and myths that surround Hansberry and her most famous play, A Raisin in the Sun (1959), are examined through a close reading of an unpublished play from Lorraine Hansberry’s archived papers, “Flowers for the General” (1955). In this play, Hansberry articulates lesbian identity fully in the character Marcia. The play’s major themes of the importance of upholding sociopolitical beliefs, the possibility of a sustainable lesbian identity, and the commonalities between the lesbian, Jewish, African American, and working-class characters combine to create a significant stateme
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28

Pratiwi, Ricka Galuh. "Gender Inequality Portrayed in Hansberry’s A Raisin in The Sun and Hill’s Heart in The Ground." Journal of Literature, Linguistics, & Cultural Studies 2, no. 2 (2024): 158–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/lilics.v2i2.3707.

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Gender inequality is the term used to describe how men and women are treated differently. The target individual or group typically suffers or is disadvantaged as a result of inequality. This study's goal is to describe several types of gender inequality as they appear in Mansour Fakih's theory. Aside from that, consider how female characters approach gender inequity. Using data from the dramas A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry and Heart in the Ground by Doughlas Hill, this study adopts a feminist methodology and Mansour Fakih's concept of gender inequality. Literary criticism is the te
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29

Khatoon, Yamna. "A Raisin in the Sun: The Impacts of Racial Segregation and Identity Crisis." PAKISTAN LANGUAGES AND HUMANITIES REVIEW 5, no. II (2021): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.47205/plhr.2021(5-ii)1.8.

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30

Cabat, Josh. "High School Matters: A Raisin in the Sun and Clybourne Park in Conversation." English Journal 110, no. 3 (2021): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ej202131060.

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31

El Bakal, Mohamed, and Mohamed Amesnaou. "A Comparative Analysis of Dramatic Structure in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun (1959) and August Wilson’s Fences (1986)." European Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 1, no. 5 (2024): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejahss.2024.1(5).05.

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This paper conducts a comparative analysis of the dramatic structures in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and August Wilson’s Fences, utilizing Freytag’s Pyramid as a framework. Despite differences in scene and act composition, both plays share a similar narrative structure marked by multiple climactic points rather than a single one. Each play presents the lives of African American families in mid-20th century America, grappling with themes of racial oppression, economic hardship, and personal aspirations. Hansberry’s work primarily addresses the relationship between African Americans
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32

Yadav, Aditya Arvind, Pravin A. Prabhu, and Jaydeep S. Bagi. "Response surface modelling and performance evaluation of solar dryer for drying of grapes." Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering 5, no. 2 (2021): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30464/10.30464/jmee.2021.5.2.157.

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The current study focuses on the performance of Solar Greenhouse Dryer for drying of grapes for raisin making in Solar Dryer and Open sun condition in Western Maharashtra. The Maharashtra state ranks first in the production of grapes, probably Western Maharashtra produces nearly 800 thousand tons of grapes every year. The major wastage of grapes is due to low sugar content, glossy appearance, shrinkage, excess water in berry, scorching and size variation. Therefore, there is a need to preserve the grapes by drying and making raisins for a non-seasonal requirement. The experiment was conducted
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33

Seriki, Vanessa Dodo, and Cory T. Brown. "A Dream Deferred: A Retrospective View of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 119, no. 1 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811711900101.

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What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore— And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over— like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode? —Langston Hughes (1951)
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34

Ferreira, Kelly Cristina Torres de Barros. "SELF-DEVELOPMENT AND MATURITY: THE PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNEY OF THREE BLACK WOMEN CHARACTERS IN A RAISIN IN THE SUN." Em Tese 9 (December 31, 2005): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1982-0739.9.0.153-161.

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This study aims at analyzing the psychological journey towardsself-development and maturity of Mama, Ruth and Beneatha,the triangle of black women characters of A Raisin in theSun. I argue here that each of these three female charactersundergoes a process of personal growth in the play.
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35

Gourdine, Amgeletta. "TheDramaof Lynching in Two Blackwomen's Drama, or Relating Grimke'sRachelto Hansberry'sA Raisin in the Sun." Modern Drama 41, no. 4 (1998): 533–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.41.4.533.

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36

Kiser, Kelsey. "The Domestic Sphere as Counter-Surveillance in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun." Modern Drama 63, no. 4 (2020): 435–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.63.4.1069.

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37

Matthews, Kristin L. "The Politics of “Home” in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun." Modern Drama 51, no. 4 (2008): 556–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mdr.0.0077.

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38

Orem, Sarah. "Signifyin(g) When Vexed: Black Feminist Revision, Anger, and A Raisin in the Sun." Modern Drama 60, no. 2 (2017): 189–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.0800.

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39

Idowu, Samuel O. "The Role of Gender in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun: Societal Influences on Character Development." Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature 6, no. 1 (2024): 52–57. https://doi.org/10.46809/jcsll.v6i1.320.

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Lorraine Hansberry's A Raisin in the Sun is a deep examination of the intersection of race, gender, and class in 1950s America. This paper examines how social gender norms, compounded by the economic and racial oppression of the period, influence the identities and relationships of the Younger family. Set in a period of rigid gender expectations, Hansberry challenges the limiting roles assigned to both men and women, especially within the African American community. The play depicts Mama as an emblem of parental fortitude and stability, while Ruth embodies the quiet resilience of working-class
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40

El, Bakal Mohamed, and Mohamed Amesnaou. "A Comparative Analysis of Dramatic Structure in Lorraine Hansberry's A Raisin in the Sun (1959) and August Wilson's Fences (1986)." European Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 1, no. 5 (2024): 85–88. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejahss.2024.1(5).05.

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This paper conducts a comparative analysis of the dramatic structures in Lorraine Hansberry&rsquo;s&nbsp;<em>A Raisin in the Sun</em>&nbsp;and August Wilson&rsquo;s&nbsp;<em>Fences</em>, utilizing Freytag&rsquo;s Pyramid as a framework. Despite differences in scene and act composition, both plays share a similar narrative structure marked by multiple climactic points rather than a single one. Each play presents the lives of African American families in mid-20th century America, grappling with themes of racial oppression, economic hardship, and personal aspirations. Hansberry&rsquo;s work prima
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41

Haj, Sumaya. "The (Ir)Representability of the Belated Traumatic Wound in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun." Journal of Black Studies 53, no. 1 (2021): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219347211047877.

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The dissociation of the traumatic moment from memory makes articulating the traumatic experience problematic. Henceforth, trauma becomes an inexplicable wound that can be narrated in a myriad of ways, yet none of which has a closure. The traumatized subjects are in need for expressing their pain, especially that telling one’s story and finding witnesses to the experience is therapeutic in the case of trauma. Thus, writers strive to represent their personal trauma and/or their collective one through various techniques to convey the experience as authentically as possible. Lorraine Hansberry’s A
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42

Bernstein, Robin. "Inventing a Fishbowl: White Supremacy and the Critical Reception of Lorraine Hansberry'sA Raisin in the Sun." Modern Drama 42, no. 1 (1999): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.42.1.16.

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43

Nowrouzi, Tayebeh, Sohila Faghfori, and Esmaeil Zohdi. "In Search of Equality: A Dream Deferred for African Americans in A Raisin in the Sun." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 5, no. 11 (2015): 2269. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0511.10.

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44

King, Eric S. "African Americans and the Crisis of Modernity." Ethnic Studies Review 41, no. 1-2 (2018): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2018.411207.

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This article examines Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun by exploring the conflict between a traditionally Southern, Afro-Christian, communitarian worldview and certain more destabilizing elements of the worldview of modernity. In addition to examining the socio-economic problems confronted by some African Americans in the play, this article investigates the worldviews by which these Black people frame their problems as well as the dynamics within the relationships of a Black family that lives at the intersection of racial, class, and gender inequality in Chicago during the latter 1
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45

Javed, Hafiz Umer, Dong Wang, Abdullah, et al. "Interrogating Raisin Associated Unsaturated Fatty Acid Derived Volatile Compounds Using HS–SPME with GC–MS." Foods 12, no. 3 (2023): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12030428.

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This study proposed to investigate the generation mechanism of raisins-derived volatile compounds during unsaturated fatty acids oxidation (UFAO) using a mixture of fatty acids (FAs) and four individual FA at different time intervals (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 days; 60 °C). During the sun-drying of ‘Thompson Seedless’ grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), a total of 39 UFAO-derived volatiles were characterized by the GC-MS. Firstly a pH value of 4.2 was optimized to proceed with a raisin drying-like UFAO model reaction. Afterward, GC-MS quantification revealed 45 UFAO-derived volatiles, and the maximum nu
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46

Glover, Eric M. "Clifford Mason, Macbeth in Harlem: Black Theater in America from the Beginning to Raisin in the Sun." Modern Drama 64, no. 2 (2021): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.64.2.br03.

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Ira Frederick Aldridge is often believed by historians to herald the zenith of Black theatre, but he may instead herald the nadir of Black theatre. So argues actor, director, dramatic critic, and playwright Clifford Mason in his book Macbeth in Harlem, which presents thoughtful and provocative interpretations of musicals and plays by and about Black people before, during, and after freedom.
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47

Shulman, Max. "Macbeth in Harlem: Black Theater in America from the Beginning to Raisin in the Sun." Eugene O'Neill Review 45, no. 2 (2024): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/eugeoneirevi.45.2.0199.

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48

Čerče, Danica. "Race and politics in the twentieth-century Black American play: Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun." Neohelicon 46, no. 1 (2018): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11059-018-0464-7.

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49

Chauhan, Parul. "Black women’s quest for identity: A critical Study of Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (2023): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.81.22.

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Tracing the history of black feminism, it becomes evident that the social construction of racism, sexism and classism was the driving force behind the widespread violence and discrimination against black women. They are found searching and struggling to attain their identity in this patriarchal world. Black feminist thought leads to certain ideas that clarify a standpoint of and for black women. Black feminist perspectives focus on the social domination on the basis of gender, race and class oppression. These oppressions are densely interwoven into social structures and work collectively to de
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50

Fidelibus, Matthew W. "Grapevine Cultivars, Trellis Systems, and Mechanization of the California Raisin Industry." HortTechnology 24, no. 3 (2014): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.24.3.285.

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Growers in California’s San Joaquin Valley produced &gt;25% of the world’s raisins in 2012, with a farm-gate value of &gt;$590 million, making the United States the leading global producer of raisins. California’s traditional raisin-making method is a laborious process in which clusters of grapes (Vitis vinifera) are harvested by hand onto paper trays, which are left in the vineyard to dry. The drying fruit may need to be turned or rolled, tasks requiring manual labor, and the trays of dried raisins are also picked up by hand. Most California raisins continue to be made in this way, but in rec
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