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Riquelme, Diego Ivan Caroca. "O cinema documentário na integração Latino-Americana : o ABC do inicio." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/284372.
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Orientador: Fernão Vitor Pessoa de Almeida RamosTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: A historiografia da sociedade da América Latina dá um especial destaque às coincidências das políticas de movimentos sociais e culturais através do cinema, entre as décadas dos anos 1960/70, em que surgem novas formas de realização, produção e afirmação conjunta. O foco desta pesquisa é a reunião de procedimentos retóricos e ideológicos através de entrevistas e leituras realizadas de autores precursores dos principais manifestos desta cinematografia da América do Sul e Central. Isto para circunscrever as características singulares do que será o Novo Cinema Latino-Americano - NCLA. Aplica-se uma leitura de análise reflexiva a partir do conceito de "Cinema Moderno", visando não apenas compreender, mas comparar os momentos deste artistas em vida, lançando um olhar menos exultório sobre os autores (como tradicionalmente se faz), e sim tentando reiterar uma memória consagrada e mantida por seus próprios protagonistas
Abstract: The historiography about Latin America's societies gave a special attention to the intertwined relations between political movements and cultural in the 1960's and 1970's. One of those points of entanglement is the cinematographic experiences made by the latin-american cinema of those decades, especially the Nuevo Cine Latino-Americano (NCLA). The main objective of this research is to analyse the rhetorical and ideological procedures used in the realization of this filmography through the reading of the principal manifests related to that Latin-America's particular branch of cinema. Having the same purpose in sight, the interviews of the NCLA's principal exponents will also be consulted. To understand this production, it will be conducted a reflexive analysis from the concept of "Modern Cinema" to not only compare the lives of these cinema-makers, but - differently from the encomiastic approach that has traditionally been done - to restate a consecrated memory that still is maintained by its own protagonists
Doutorado
Multimeios
Doutor em Multimeios
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Bergqvist, Oscar. "Calibration of Breast Cancer Natural History Models Using Approximate Bayesian Computation." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-273605.
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Natural history models for breast cancer describe the unobservable disease progression. These models can either be fitted using likelihood-based estimation to data on individual tumour characteristics, or calibrated to fit statistics at a population level. Likelihood-based inference using individual level data has the advantage of ensuring model parameter identifiability. However, the likelihood function can be computationally heavy to evaluate or even intractable. In this thesis likelihood-free estimation using Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) will be explored. The main objective is to investigate whether ABC can be used to fit models to data collected in the presence of mammography screening. As a background, a literature review of ABC is provided. As a first step an ABC-MCMC algorithm is constructed for two simple models both describing populations in absence of mammography screening, but assuming different functional forms of tumour growth. The algorithm is evaluated for these models in a simulation study using synthetic data, and compared with results obtained using likelihood-based inference. Later, it is investigated whether ABC can be used for the models in presence of screening. The findings of this thesis indicate that ABC is not directly applicable to these models. However, by including a sub-model for tumour onset and assuming that all individuals in the population have the same screening attendance it was possible to develop an ABC-MCMC algorithm that carefully takes individual level data into consideration in the estimation procedure. Finally, the algorithm was tested in a simple simulation study using synthetic data. Future research is still needed to evaluate the statistical properties of the algorithm (using extended simulation) and to test it on observational data where previous estimates are available for reference.Natural history models för bröstcancer är statistiska modeller som beskriver det dolda sjukdomsförloppet. Dessa modeller brukar antingen anpassas till data på individnivå med likelihood-baserade metoder, eller kalibreras mot statistik för hela populationen. Fördelen med att använda data på individnivå är att identifierbarhet hos modellparametrarna kan garanteras. För dessa modeller händer det dock att det är beräkningsintensivt eller rent utav omöjligt att evaluera likelihood-funktionen. Huvudsyftet med denna uppsats är att utforska huruvida metoden Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC), som används för skattning av statistiska modeller där likelihood-funktionen inte är tillgänglig, kan implementeras för en modell som beskriver bröstcancer hos individer som genomgår mammografiscreening. Som en del av bakgrunden presenteras en sammanfattning av modern ABC-forskning. Metoden består av två delar. I den första delen implementeras en ABC-MCMC algoritm för två enklare modeller. Båda dessa modeller beskriver tumörtillväxten hos individer som ej genomgår mammografiscreening, men modellerna antar olika typer av tumörtillväxt. Algoritmen testades i en simulationsstudie med syntetisk data genom att jämföra resultaten med motsvarande från likelihood-baserade metoder. I den andra delen av metoden undersöks huruvida ABC är kompatibelt med modeller för bröstcancer hos individer som genomgår screening. Genom att lägga till en modell för uppkomst av tumörer och göra det förenklande antagandet att alla individer i populationen genomgår screening vid samma ålder, kunde en ABC-MCMC algoritm utvecklas med hänsyn till data på individnivå. Algoritmen testades sedan i en simulationsstudie nyttjande syntetisk data. Framtida studier behövs för att undersöka algoritmens statistiska egenskaper (genom upprepad simulering av flera dataset) och för att testa den mot observationell data där tidigare parameterskattningar finns tillgängliga.
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Hunter, Allison M. "News Is Beginning To Look A Lot Like Christmas: A Critical History of the Holiday Shopping Season and ABC Network's Nightly News." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1417782736.
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Vickery, Edward Louis, and annaeddy@cyberone com au. "Telling Australia's story to the world: The Department of Information 1939-1950." The Australian National University. Faculty of Arts, 2003. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20040721.123626.
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This study focuses on the organisation and operation of the Australian Governments Department of Information that operated from 1939 to 1950. Equal weighting is given to
the wartime and peacetime halves of the Departments existence, allowing a balanced assessment of the Departments role and development from its creation through to its
abolition. The central issue that the Department had to address was: what was an appropriate and acceptable role for a government information organisation in Australias democratic political system? The issue was not primarily one of formal restrictions on the governments power but rather of the accepted conception of the role of government. No societal consensus had been established before the Department was thrust into dealing with this issue on a practical basis. While the application of the Departments censorship function attracted considerable comment, the procedures were clear and accepted.
Practices laid down in World War I were revived and followed, while arguments were over degree rather than kind. It was mainly in the context of its expressive functions that the
Department had to confront the fundamental issue of its role. This study shows that the development of the Department was driven less by sweeping ministerial pronouncements
than through a series of pragmatic incremental responses to circumstances as they arose.
This Departmental approach was reinforced by its organisational weakness. The Departments options in its relations with media organisations and other government agencies were, broadly, competition, compulsion and cooperation. Competition was never
widely pursued and the limits of compulsion in regard to its expressive functions were rapidly reached and withdrawn from. Particularly through to 1943 the Department struggled when it sought to assert its position against the claims of other government
agencies and commercial organisations. Notwithstanding some high profile conflicts, this study shows that the Department primarily adopted a cooperative stance, seeking to
supplement rather than supplant the work of other organisations. Following the 1943 Federal elections the Department was strengthened by stable and focused leadership as well
as the development of its own distribution channels and outlets whose audience was primarily overseas. While some elements, such as the film unit, remained reasonably
politically neutral, the Department as a whole was increasingly employed to promote the message of the Government of the day. This led to a close identification of the Department
with the Labor Party, encouraging the Departments abolition following the Coalition parties victory in the 1949 Federal elections. Nevertheless in developing its role the Department had remained within the mainstream of administrative practice in Australia.
While some of its staff assumed a greater public profile than had been the practice for prewar public servants, this was not unusual or exceptional at that time. Partly through the efforts of the Department, the accepted conception of the role of government had expanded
sufficiently by 1950 that despite the abolition of the Department most of its functions continued within the Australian public sector.
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Santos, Verônica Maria dos. "O PIONEIRISMO DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS MUNICIPAIS PARA ALFABETIZAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS EM DIADEMA/SP: AVANÇOS E DESAFIOS." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2015. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1040.
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Previous issue date: 2015-04-27Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This research attempts to locate the different aspects of pioneer history of municipal public policies, in Diadema (SP), for the education of youth and adults (EJA), specifically in the program for literacy. It updates the program characteristics and focus on the final report of ethnographic qualitative research profile of the youth education and adult service student, conducted between 1993 and 1995, an important service evaluation assessment. It proposes an update based on results presented in that research, using them to confront the development of youth and adult education policies in the city with the latest policies in ABCDMRR (Santo André, São Bernardo do Campo, São Caetano do Sul, Diadema, Mauá, Ribeirão Pires and Rio Grande da Serra) Region, in São Paulo State and Brazil, for this population segment. It searches revitalized measurements and qualitative assessments also gathered by that research to write this thesis.
Esta pesquisa localiza os diferentes aspectos na trajetória pioneira das políticas públicas municipais, em Diadema (SP), para a educação de jovens e adultos (EJA), especificamente no programa para alfabetização. Atualiza as características do programa e aborda o - Relatório Final da Pesquisa Qualitativa Etnográfica Perfil do Aluno do Serviço de Educação de Jovens e Adultos -, conduzida entre 1993 e 1995, importante avaliação do serviço. Propõe uma atualização baseada em resultados apresentados naquela pesquisa, utilizando-os para confrontar o desenvolvimento das políticas de educação de jovens e adultos no município e nas mais recentes políticas na Região do ABCDMRR (Santo André, São Bernardo do Campo, São Caetano do Sul, Diadema, Mauá, Ribeirão Pires e Rio Grande da Serra), no estado de São Paulo e no Brasil, para esse segmento populacional. Também procura reatualizar as mensurações e avaliações qualitativas angariadas naquela pesquisa para compor esta dissertação de mestrado.
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Gustin, Anton. "Är det bara män som får spela i blåsorkester? : En studie om könsfördelningen inom estetiska studiecirklar i ABF Karlstad 1965-1970." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-80029.
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Ringmyr, Felix. "TBV och ABF i Hagfors-Uddeholm : En inblick i den värmländska bruksorten Hagfors folkbildningsväsende under perioden 1953-1954." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och kulturvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-73513.
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Shadchehr, Farah Fatima Golparvaran. "'Abd al-Rahman Jami: Naqshbandi Sufi, Persian Poet." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1217869380.
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Hilloowala, Franak. "An analysis of Ibn Abi Usaybi`ah's `Uyun al-anba' fi tabaqat al-atibba'." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289096.
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This dissertation is a partial translation of the thirteenth-century Islamic physician, Ibn Abi Usaybi'ah's biographical dictionary, the 'Uyun al-anba' fi tabaqat al-atibba' ( Sources of Information on Classes of Physicians) and an historical analysis of the 'Uyun. The 'Uyun is a biographical dictionary which encompasses the biographies of physicians from the ancient Greek period through the author's time, the thirteenth century. It contains the lives and works of the most elite physicians of these periods. The translation portion of the dissertation is of the fourteenth chapter of the 'Uyun which is the chapter on physicians of Egypt from the 'Abbasid period to the early Mamluk period. The historical analysis of this dissertation is an examination of the contents of the 'Uyun to see what it reveals about the status of physicians during this period and about the author's intentions in writing this book. Since the author was from Syria and studied in both Syria and Egypt, I have based my analysis mainly on the translation of the chapter on Egypt and also on evidence found in the fifteenth chapter on Syria. Thus, this dissertation serves to give modern scholars incite into the mentality of the author and his class during this time period in the Islamic world.
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Deramaix, Antoine. "Les enfants d'Héra : une histoire des économies samiennes (VIe - Ve siècles a.C)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30057/document.
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Qu'il s'agisse d'Hérodote, Thucydide ou Strabon, de nombreux auteurs anciens se sont accordés sur la richesse proverbiale de Samos. La richesse et la prospérité de Samos, notamment du temps du tyran Polycrate, s'imposent comme un topos de l'historiographie ancienne. Une fois cette tradition transmise jusqu'à nous, on a cru pouvoir ou devoir affranchir la mention de l'épanouissement économique samien des précisions nécessaires pour en comprendre l'origine, la nature, les modalités ou encore les limites. En effet, pourquoi chercher à préciser ce qui de toute manière fait consensus chez les Anciens et ce dont l'Héraion est le témoin le plus emblématique ? Ce travail de recherche propose non plus l'illustration de la prospérité économique samienne, mais l'examen des données permettant de dresser un profil de l'économie samienne aux Vie et Ve siècles a.C. Entre les tyrannies samiennes du Vie siècle et la domination athénienne du Ve siècle, cette période semble particulièrement propice à l'examen des changements intervenant dans la vie économique samienne. Ce projet vise à rassembler les informations (littéraires, archéologiques, épigraphiques et numismatiques) pour faire une histoire des économies samiennes. Dans la lignée des travaux de la Nouvelle Économie Institutionnelle (NEI), ce travail propose de placer le groupe samien et ses choix institutionnels au coeur de l'étude. Comment les Samiens entendent-ils gérer la rareté et l'incertitude ? Quelles stratégies mettent-ils en oeuvre ? Quels modes d'organisation économique connaissent-ils ? En particulier, cette thèse traite de la question foncière à Samos, des processus par lesquels les Samiens réussissent à intégrer différents réseaux d'échanges et enfin des différents modes de coordination qui règlent la vie économique samienne aux Vle et Ve siècles a.CIn the manner of Herodotus, Thucydides and Strabon, a lot of ancient authors stress the amazing wealth of Samos in antiquity. The wealth and prosperity of Samos, especially during the tyrant Polycrates' period, became by the way one topos of the ancient historiography. Once this tradition reaching us, one thought that it was not necessary to explain the origine, nature, conditions or limits of the economic flourishing of the Samians behind that topos. Indeed, why should we try to specify what formed anyway a consensus for the Ancients and whose Heraion was the most emblematic witness ? This work of research aims, no more the illustration of the samian economic prosperity, but a discussion of the data available to reach a more accurate view of it during the Vlth and Vth centuries B.C. This period, between samian tyrannies of the VIth century and the athenian domination of the Vth century, seems opportune to examine the economic changes occuring in the economic life of Samos. This project consists in the gathering and discussing of the most pertinent available informations (literary, archaeological, epigraphical and numismatical) to make a history of samian economies. Following the highly stimulating works of the New Institutions Economics (NIE), this project proposes to focus the study on the samian group and its institutionnal choices and options. How do the Samians deal with the scarcity of goods ? What kind of strategies do they enforce ? What economic ways do they know ? Particularly, this thesis is dealing with the land-question at Samos, then, with the ways by which the Samians succeed in integrating differents networks of exchange and, finally, what types of coordination regulate the samian economic life in the Vlth and Vth centuries
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Silva, Suiany Bueno da. "Usos do passado em Tito Lívio: a construção de uma memória romana à época de Augusto (século I a.C.)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4458.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
We will discuss the role of the writing of History in Titus Livius (Livy) and how it defines and consolidates a Roman memory. We have to observe how the narrative structure leads to the understanding of a History conceived as “the master of life” (magistra vitae), that is, the use of the examples; to look at the past is to take from it the examples of behavior. In other words, the importance of studying History is not only in specific lessons, but also in the practice of how and what to look at in this past. In this sense, when he reuses an old historiography and apply it to his writings, Livy aims to develop a historiographic work that reaches his people’s dignity, an aspect that allows the definition of civic Roman behaviors, as well as a definition of a Roman latinity, linked to the troubles of his contemporary context at the time of Augustus, during centuries I B.C to I A.D. We will understand how Livy’s historical speech expresses the political demands of his time, from the relationship among discourse, rethorics, memory, power.
Discutiremos o papel da escrita da História em Tito Lívio e como a mesma define e consolida uma identidade romana, o ser romano. Trata-se de observar como a estrutura da narrativa aponta para a compreensão de uma História concebida como “mestra da vida” (magistra vitae), ou seja, a utilidade dos exemplos; olhar para o passado é extrair dele exemplos de comportamento. O valor do estudo da história, em outras palavras, não reside apenas em lições específicas, mas também no exercício de como e o que se olhar desse passado. Neste sentido, ao retomar uma historiografia antiga e aplicá-la em sua escrita, Tito Lívio pretende realizar um trabalho historiográfico que realce a dignidade de seu povo, um aspecto que permite a definição dos comportamentos cívicos romanos, bem como a definição de uma latinidade romana associada às inquietações do contexto presente de Lívio à época de Augusto, durante o século I a.C. - I d.C. Compreenderemos como o discurso histórico de Lívio expressa as demandas políticas de sua contemporaneidade, a partir da relação entre discurso, memória, poder e identidade.
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Zychowicz-Coghill, Edward. "Conquests of Egypt : making history in 'Abbāsid Egypt." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b8e6cacb-ffd5-48d3-94c6-c06448a337dd.
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This dissertation is a study of the Futūḥ Miṣr (Conquest of Egypt) of Ibn 'Abd al-Ḥakam (d. 257/871), the earliest extant Arabic history of Egypt. Its primary aim is not to assess whether its information is 'authentic' - i.e. corresponding to an objective historical reality - though my findings are of relevance for those engaged in debates over authenticity. My goal instead is to explore the ideas about the past which are conveyed by this particular conglomeration of historical information and to propose methods through which we can expose and analyse different layers and types of authorial activity within a multi-vocal text like Futūḥ Miṣr. Ultimately, I use this analysis as the basis of a case study suggesting how we might more effectively historicise the generation and transmission of historical ideas in the early Islamic period. Part I of the thesis consists of three chapters which explore Futūḥ Miṣr as a whole, literary text which can be understood as an instantiation of the historical worldview of its composer. Part II of the thesis contains three chapters which each illuminate features of Ibn 'Abd al-Ḥakam's historical practice which are important prerequisites for the stratigraphic reading of Futūḥ Miṣr performed in Part III. Part III of the thesis uses the understanding of Ibn 'Abd al-Ḥakam's authorial techniques developed in Part II to expose the earlier packages of historical information which underpin Futūḥ Miṣr. These final three chapters demonstrate how Ibn 'Abd al-Ḥakam reinvested these pre-existing narratives with meaning at a micro-level - by interjecting commentary and accounts from other sources - and at a macro-level - by integrating them into the larger narrative structure of Futūḥ Miṣr. In sum, this thesis is the first systematic study of the sources, structure, and authorship of an early Arabic history, which both tests and expands our current understanding of the dynamics of early Islamic historical writing, and sheds light on numerous aspects of the changing uses of the past among the Muslim scholars of Umayyad and 'Abbāsid Egypt.
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Zerbinato, Luiz Antonio. "Braços cruzados, máquinas fotográficas: as greves dos metalúrgicos no ABC Paulista pela fotografia (1978-1980)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19021.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This dissertation aims to analyze the ABC paulista metalworker strikes during the period between 1978 and 1980 from photographic images. We seek to expand bibliographic production on this subject to bring a new look at the sources with the perspective of finding new issues and updates about the union movement. Thinking about the possibility of opening dialog and contextualizing the strike moment with photojournalism amid the dictatorship and its collusion with big capital, its causes and political, social, and economic consequences that engendered new forms of worker struggle in the activity and organization of unions against the antistrike law and the wage squeeze in Brazil resulting in the movement called "New Unionism". The organization of sources, and the interdisciplinarity in reading, were fundamental in the realization of this work. The bibliographic references gave necessary support both for the historical, social, and economic aspect, as for the semiology in understanding the photographs. The results obtained in this study allowed us to discuss the cultural aspect of workers in the production of art, the aesthetics of photojournalism, and the trends in the reproduction of signs and language of the media. The awareness of the movement was solidified in its own experiences
Esta dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar as greves dos metalúrgicos do ABC paulista, no período entre 1978 e 1980, a partir de imagens fotográficas. Procuramos ampliar a produção bibliográfica sobre o tema, visando um novo olhar sobre as fontes, sob a perspectiva de encontrar novas questões e atualizações acerca do movimento sindical. Pensando na possibilidade de dialogar e contextualizar o momento das greves com o fotojornalismo em meio à ditadura e seu conluio com o grande capital, suas causas e consequências políticas, sociais e econômicas, que engendraram as novas formas de luta dos trabalhadores na organização e atuação sindical contra a lei antigreve e o arrocho salarial no Brasil resultando no movimento chamado “Novo Sindicalismo”. A organização das fontes e a interdisciplinaridade para a leitura foram fundamentais na realização desta dissertação. O referencial bibliográfico deu o suporte necessário tanto para o aspecto histórico, social e econômico, quanto para a semiologia na compreensão das fotografias. Os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa permitiram discutir o aspecto cultural dos trabalhadores na produção da arte, a estética do fotojornalismo e tendências na reprodução dos signos e linguagem dos meios de comunicação. A conscientização do movimento foi solidificada a partir de suas próprias experiências
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Gálvez, García Alexandra Genoveva. "Función y símbolos de los kurganes del Asia Central: el caso escita (VII-III a.C.) y hsiung-nu (V-I a.C.)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/113736.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Licenciada en HistoriaEn la presente investigación se busca determinar y explicar las formas y el contenido de los kurganes de los pueblos más relevantes de la antigüedad en la zona del Asia Central: los escitas y los hsiung-nu con el objetivo de identificar aquellos elementos comunes que nos permiten hablar de la existencia de un horizonte cultural entre los diferentes pueblos de las estepas. A través del análisis de bibliografía, imágenes y fotografías se buscará demostrar que desde el Volga se generó un movimiento de pueblos a partir del 4.500 a.C. que otorgará las principales características de los pueblos nómades en la región, entre ellos los kurganes como forma de enterramiento y que serán perfeccionados por los escitas hacia el siglo VII a.C., siendo estos quienes a partir de influencias culturales extenderán el uso de los kurganes entre los pueblos asiáticos, particularmente a los hsiung-nu.
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Colin, Frédéric. "Les Libyens en Egypte (XVe siècle A.C.-IIe siècle P.C.): onomastique et histoire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212498.
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Marsura, Stefania. "Le figure femmnili nella Gallia romana : esportazione di un modello culturale : (II sec. A.C.-IV sec. D.C.)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20046.
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Cette étude a permis d’analyser un aspect de la condition féminine en Gaule, en partant du présupposé qu'il y ait eu des réalités différentes, unifiées par l’appartenance à une «couche sociale» complexe, divisée à l'intérieur, mais réglé par des lois universellement admises. Non seulement les femmes, mais les hommes également ont cherchés une intégration avec la culture romaine, condition nécessaire pour maintenir leurs privilèges et pour en acquérir de nouveaux. Cette recherche a identifié, dans la mesure du possible, le rôle joué par les femmes dans chaque couche sociale, en se référant plus particulièrement à leur perception du monde romain. Les femmes qui ont habité dans la Gaule, étaient étrangers aux mores romains, et ont été considérées par les romains comme l'antithèse du modèle romain de la pia et pudica matrona. Dans les représentations de elles mêmes, les femmes barbares se représentaient comme des romaines, en suivant les stéréotypes qui on retrouve dans tout l’Empire. Nous avons donc vérifier de quelle manière les provinciales se sont adaptées au modèle romain de la lanifica, c’est à dire la summa des stéréotypes qui voyait la femme comme un annexe du mari, et comme, au contraire, elles en ont refusé quelques aspects, mais aussi de quelle manière un tel modèle culturel a pu s'introduire dans une province, par quelles voies, pour quelles raisons historiques et culturelles, et comme il ait été accepté ou refusé par quelques régions de la Gaule. Notre tentative a donc été celui de tracer le rôle joué par les femmes dans une région qui faisait partie de l'Empire, et que elle en était pour ceci influencée, mais que elle a présenté également des particularités régionales non négligeablesThis research has tried to analyse an aspect of the female condition in Gauls, based on the assumption that there were different realities, unified anyway by a complex class system that was itself divided and settled by laws universally accepted. Not only the women but also the men looked for integration with the Roman culture, the necessary condition for the provincials to maintain their privileges and to acquire new ones. This study identified the role played by the women in every sector of the society, with a particular attention to their perception of the Roman world they were living in. These women were obviously unfamiliar to the Roman mores and were considered by the Roman themselves as the antithesis of the model of pia et pudica matrona. In their own representations, the barbaric women appeared as Romains, following the stereotypes common in all the Empire. This research has also tried to verify how the provincials adapted themselves to the Roman model of the lanifica, the summa of the stereotypes, or, on the contrary, they refused some aspects of it; but also analysed how such a cultural model got into a province, the ways used to diffuse it, the historical and cultural reasons, and how it was accepted or refused by some regions of the Gauls.This work is an attempt to draw the role played by the women in a province that was a part of the Roman Republic and Empire, and was influenced by it, but also had significant regional peculiarities
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Vargas, Carrillo María Soledad. "Estilos de vida, ética y estética en los dominicales de los diarios ABC, La Vanguardia y El País (1974-1999)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4194.
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Consiste en un análisis sistemático y comparativo, durante los últimos 25 años, periodo de importantes transformaciones históricas, sociales y culturales en España (1974-1999). El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo han presentado los dominicales, tanto en las informaciones y artículos de opinión como en la publicidad, dichos cambios sociales, poniendo atención en los nuevos estilos de vida, en los valores éticos y estéticos que impone la sociedad de consumo. Asimismo, sistematizar algunas pautas para la lectura crítica de las informaciones y la publicidad de la prensa, que den una visión más amplia y plural de la realidad social. Otra finalidad es contrastar los textos periodísticos seleccionados con el contexto histórico y la explicación histórica del periodo, elaborada por los historiadores, con el objetivo de dar a conocer aspectos de la realidad social que el discurso historiográfico ha invisibilizado.
La hipótesis central de esta investigación es que los dominicales han jugado un papel fundamental en la consolidación de la sociedad de consumo en España durante los últimos 25 años, estableciendo modelos de conducta, estilos de vida y valores éticos y estéticos dirigidos principalmente a las elites dominantes como una forma de identificación y a la sociedad en general, como una forma de control. La muestra del análisis la constituyen los suplementos dominicales de tres diarios publicados entre 1974 y 1999 de difusión nacional (España). Para el análisis cuantitativo se revisaron 15 ejemplares, o sea, un total de 776 unidades comunicativas y para el análisis cualitativo se revisaron aproximadamente 440 ejemplares.
This doctoral thesis is a systematic and comparative analysis, during last twenty five years, an important historical, social and cultural period of transformations in Spain (1974-1999). The objective of this investigation is to analyze how the newspapers magazines have presented these social changes in the information, opinion articles and publicity, paying attention in the new life styles, in the ethical and aesthetic values that the consumer society imposes. Also, to systematize some guidelines for the critical reading of the press information and publicity, that give an ampler and plural vision of the social reality. Another proposal is to compare selected journalistic texts with the historical context and the historiographic works of period, in order to demonstrate to social reality aspects that the historians silence. The investigation main hypothesis is that the newspapers magazines have played a fundamental role in the consolidation of the consumer society in Spain during last twenty five years, establishing conduct models, life styles and ethical and aesthetic values directed mainly to the dominant elites as a identification form and to all the society, as a control form. The analysis sample is the newspapers magazines of three newspapers published between 1974 and 1999 of national diffusion (Spain). For the quantitative analysis 15 units were reviewed, corresponding to 776 communication units and for the qualitative analysis reviewed approximately 440 units.
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Caparroy, Benjamin. "Géographie et morphologie des lieux sacrés maritimes dans le détroit de Gibraltar, du VIe siècle a.C. au Ier siècle p.C." Thesis, Pau, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PAUU1045/document.
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Au cours du XIe siècle avant notre ère la zone du détroit de Gibraltar assiste à l’arrivée sur ses côtes de populations phéniciennes venues du Proche-Orient. Ces peuples traversent en effet la mer Méditerranée pour venir s’installer et commercer avec les populations locales dans le but d’approvisionner la métropole de Tyr en métaux, pourpre et autres denrées susceptibles d’alimenter le commerce méditerranéen. C’est dans ce contexte, riche en contacts et en échanges, que se développe notre étude. Elle a pour objet les espaces sacrés qui jalonnent le parcours des pilotes, des voyageurs et des commerçants qui sillonnent le Détroit à bord de leurs navires. Les auteurs antiques, qu’ils soient poètes, géographes ou historiens, signalent un grand nombre d’autels, de temples ou même d’anecdotes mythologiques qui mettent en lumière un paysage sacré particulièrement riche dans cette zone de confins. Notre travail consiste à synthétiser toutes ces informations littéraires pour les mettre en parallèle avec les données obtenues par l’archéologie depuis la fin du siècle dernier. Au fil de l’analyse se révèle en filigrane l’existence d’un réseau d’espaces sacrés et de mythes qui viennent offrir un cadre religieux dans le Détroit. Cette synthèse inédite des données religieuses, recueillies sur les deux rives, permet une analyse et une première approche des phénomènes religieux maritimes dans la zone.Cette compilation des données religieuses doit nous permettre de mieux appréhender et de décrire avec plus d’acuité ce que devait être la vie religieuse des marins qui fréquentaient les colonnes d’Hercule. Il s’agit de déterminer les motivations qui justifient une présence si forte du religieux sur ces rivages : besoin de protection pendant la traversée, motifs économiques, contrôle des côtes et guide de la navigation… Il est également question de caractériser ces dévotions, de savoir par quels moyens et en quels types de lieux s’exprime la religion des marins. Il faut aussi s’interroger sur les émetteurs et les récepteurs de ce type de dévotions : les commerçants sont-ils les seuls à faire des offrandes ? Et quelles divinités sont mises en avant par la religion maritime de ces populations ?L’objectif de la démonstration est clairement de mettre en lumière et de mieux définir les différents éléments qui composent le paysage religieux maritime du détroit de Gibraltar. Le résultat est un essai de définition, de description et de mise en lien des divers éléments de ce réseau fait d’hommes, de divinités, de mythes, de lieux sacrés et de marques de dévotions, qui ont tous un point commun : la merThis work deals with the localisation and functions of the Punic sacred places located at the strait of Gibraltar. The main purpose of this PHD is to discuss the links between those sacred spaces and navigation in this special part of the Mediterranean antique world. Using ancient writers’ quotes, talking about consecrated places on the shore of the south of Spain and the north of Morocco, we shall try and reveal a part of the sacred landscape that sailors and sea-sellers used to frequent. Many sites that have been excavated can be linked to a religious function (temple, sacred areas, holy caves or springs), we aim at discussing the evolution of those sites and the place they have in shore navigations and ports of trade
Este trabajo de tesis se centra en la localización y las funciones de los lugares sagrados púnicos del estrecho de Gibraltar. El objetivo principal de este proyecto es de describir los vínculos que existen entre estos espacios consagrados del litoral y la navegación en la zona del estrecho. Utilizando principalmente las referencias proporcionadas por los autores antiguos y los datos arqueológicos recuperados en las excavaciones de ambas orillas del estrecho (Andalucía, Algarve, Norte de Marruecos), intentamos describir, dibujar de la forma mas precisa posible el paisaje sagrado que los navegantes y comerciantes de esa época conocían. Varios de los sitios excavados tienen una función religiosa (templos, áreas sagradas, cuevas-santuario, fuentes consagradas), el objetivo del trabajo nuestro es presentar una síntesis de estos sitios, describiendo su evolución y el papel que ocupaban en las navegaciones costeras y en la red de puertos del estrecho
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Gregorio, Pierre-Paul. "Guerre civile et information. Etude contrastive des deux editions du journal abc dans le contexte de la guerre civile espagnole (mille neuf cent trente-six-mille neuf cent trente-neuf)." Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20073.
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Prisonnier du contexte trouble de la guerre civile espagnole, le journal abc - edite a madrid et a seville - fait figure de cas particulier dans le monde de la presse contemporaine. Pendant trente-deux mois, en effet, parurent sous le meme titre deux journaux, aux ideologies et aux espoirs diametralement opposes. Nationaliste a seville, republicain a madrid, abc se fit le porte-parole d'un courant minoritaire au sein de sa propre zone. Confrontes a des evenements d'un brutal dramatisme, les deux quotidiens rendirent compte - aussi fidelement que possible - de l'espagne dont ils etaient les temoins privilegies. Les domaines militaire et politique, la realite economique et sociale, aucun aspect de la vie nationale n'echappa aux deux redactions. Cette situation exceptionnelle ne connut son point final qu'avec l'entree des troupes franquistes dans la capitale espagnoleImprisoned in the troubled context of the spanish civil war, the newspaper abc - published in madrid and in seville - stands out as a particular case in the world of the contemporary press. Indeed, for thirty-two months, two newspapers, with diametrically opposed ideologiesand hopes appeared under the same title. Nationalistic in seville, republican in madrid, abc became the mouthpiece of a minority current in its own area: confronted with brutally dramatic events, both dailies related - as accurately as possible - the situation in spain to which they were the privileged witnesses. The military and political fields, the social and economic reality, no aspect whatsoever of the life of the nation was overlooked by either newspaper. This exceptional situation only ended with the entrance of franco's troops into the spanish capital
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Silva, Marcos Amâncio da. "O negro no mercado de trabalho: a reiteração da histórica exclusão na década de 1990 - sua expressão no ABC Paulista." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13197.
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Previous issue date: 2009-11-18Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo
The 90 s were marked by the productive restructuring of the labour market due to the neoliberal economic politics. The replacement of the Taylorism and Fordism methods of production by the Toyotism method generated the exclusion of thousands of workers from the productive sectors leaving for the remaining workers the submission to what was denominated work flexibility, that is, the submission to subcontracting, contraction of temporary services and labour (as means of intermediating labour) and the return to household production. Such flexibility, which has enlarged workers exploitation, affected more intensively the Africandescendants that have historically been inferiorized. The objective of this work was then to analyze evidences of such discrimination that not only continues to disqualify the African-descendant workers in the labour market but also amplifies it focusing directly in their life conditions and self-esteem. Despite the official discourse guarantees the social inclusion of the Africandescendant population and the democratization of the labour market, the objective conditions of these social subjects in terms of recognition of equal living conditions is not present. For this analysis, we have as support several documents that range from statistics data corroborating the maintenance of this subaltern condition, the discourse of businessmen, parties, governments, financial institutions and the discourses of the African-descendants movement. We emphasized such issues in the region of the ABC (which stands for Santo André, São Bernardo do Campo and São Caetano do Sul ) where we analyzed the incidence of the productive restructuring in the 90 s and the modifications that took place in the labour market where we have noticed almost an entire absence of the African-descendant as workforce. In conclusion, we observe a repetition of a historical pattern of racism that greatly contributed to enlarge the current difficulties of social ascent, deepened for those who are in conditions of productive restructuring
Os anos 90 foram marcados no mundo do trabalho pela reestruturação produtiva, decorrente das políticas econômicas neoliberais. A substituição de trabalho Taylorista e fordista pelo toyotismo geraram a exclusão de milhares de trabalhadores dos setores produtivos, restando aos que ficaram a submissão ao que se denominou flexibilização do trabalho. Ou seja, a submissão à subcontratação, à empreita de trabalhos e serviços temporários (formas de intermediação de mão-deobra), o retorno à produção a domicílio. Esta flexibilização que ampliou a exploração do trabalhador, afetou mais intensamente os negros, já inferiorizados historicamente, para o que incidem diversos fatores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as evidências desta discriminação que não apenas dá continuidade à desqualificação do trabalhador negro no mercado de trabalho, mas a amplia, incidindo diretamente em suas condições de vida e autoestima. Apesar do discurso oficial de garantia da inclusão social da população afrodescendente e de democratização do mundo do trabalho, a condição objetiva destes sujeitos sociais em termos de reconhecimento de condições iguais não se verifica. Para esta análise nos apoiamos em documentos vários, que vão desde dados estatísticos comprobatórios da manutenção desta condição de subalternidade, até discursos de empresários, sindicatos, governos, instituição financeira, além dos do movimento negro. Enfatizamos tais questões na região do grande ABC, onde analisamos a incidência da reestruturação produtiva na década de 1990 e as modificações ocorridas no mundo trabalho, onde se verifica a quase ausência da força de trabalho afro-descendente. Em conclusão observamos a reiteração de um padrão histórico de racismo, que em muito contribui para ampliar as já vigentes dificuldades de ascensão social, aprofundadas para todos nas condições da reestruturação produtiva
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Pringle, Yolana. "Psychiatry's 'golden age' : making sense of mental health care in Uganda, 1894-1972." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2efdc4c7-5465-4ef8-abec-4f3328ca9c50.
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This thesis investigates the emergence of an internationally renowned psychiatric community in Uganda. Starting at the beginning of colonial rule in 1894, it traces the changing nature of mental health care both within and beyond the state, examining the conditions that allowed psychiatry to develop as a significant intellectual tradition in the years following Independence in 1962. This ‘golden age’ of psychiatry saw Uganda establish itself as a leader of mental health care in Africa, an aspect of history that is all the more marked for its contrast with the almost complete collapse of mental health care after the expulsion of the Asian population by Idi Amin in 1972. Using a wide range of new source material, including interviews with psychiatrists, traditional healers, and community elders, this thesis pushes the history of psychiatry in Africa beyond the examination of government policy and colonial hegemony. It brings together the history of psychiatry with the histories of missionary medicine, medical education, and international health by asking what types of people, institutions, and organisations were involved in the provision of mental health care; how important the growth of Makerere Medical School was for intellectual and institutional psychiatry; and how ‘African’ mental health care had become by the end of the period. It presents a history of mental health care in a country that has tended to be overshadowed by Kenya in the historiography, yet whose engagement with medical missionaries and efforts to advance medical training meant that the trajectory of psychiatry came to be quite different. Focusing in particular on the significance of western-trained Ugandan medical practitioners for mental health care, the thesis not only analyses African psychiatrists as historical actors in their own right, but represents the first attempt to examine the development of psychiatric education in Africa.
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Pihl, Skoog Emma. "Europeiska arkivhandlingar : Europeiskt identitetsskapande i samtida ABM-projekt." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of ALM, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126343.
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The aim of this master’s thesis is to analyse the construction of European identity in three ofcontemporary EU initiated projects for the digitisation of collections from museums, archives, andlibraries. The source material consists of the web pages of the projects Minerva, MICHAEL, andEuropeana, as well as some other policy documents on digitisation and access from EU authorities.Theories on nationalism and construction of heritage are used as an overall context to the problem.After a brief description of the mentioned projects, the author undertakes an analysis of theways that the concept of ‘European heritage’ is depicted in the source material. The result is thefollowing: normally, the true European heritage is considered being united even though it isdiveded culturally, historically and linguistically. The real European spirit is seen as consisting intolerating and celebrating these internal differences. There is also a discourse on the idealEuropean citizen, who actively strives to enlargen her knowledge on (European) culture andhistory.However, there is also a narrower conception of European heritage, which can be discernedfrom some of the analysed sources. This latter definition of Europeanness, stresses Christianityand a tradition of civilisation, rationalism, and science. The ‘Other’, the non-Europeans, can thusbe interpreted as the negation of these ideals.
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Monnot, Guy. "Histoire musulmane des religions (ensemble de travaux)." Paris 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA030064.
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Le titre ci-dessus n'est pas celui d'une these, mais exprime l'axe reel de l'ensemble de travaux que je presente en soutenance: les trois quarts d'entre eux portent sur ce secteur de recherche et j'en ai donc retenu le titre dans l'expose general de synthese. Les travaux consistent en 19 articles et 3 livres, a savoir: penseurs musulmans et religions iraniennes: "abd al-jabbar et ses devanciers, paris 1974 (etudes musulmanes, xvi); islam et religions, paris 1986 (islam d'hier et d'aujourd'hui,27); les parties traitant des juifs, des chretiens, des mazdeens et des dualistes dans al-shahrastani, livre des religions et des sectes, 1ere partie: "islam et autres religions scripturaires", traduction avec introduction et notes par daniel gimaret et guy monnot, a paraitre a leuven en decembre 1986. "histoire musulmane des religions" designe ici l'ensemble des ecrits qui manifestent l'interet et enregistrent l'attitude des musulmans envers les religions autres que l'islam. L'etude est menee jusqu'au debut du xxe siecle. Trois domaines ont davantage polarise les recherches de ces auteurs et leurs prises de position. 1e, le christianisme. Nous apportons ici, avec des vues de synthese, l'etude des oeuvres correspondantes de "abd al-jabbar et de shahrastani. 2e, les "dualismes iraniens": mazdeisme des majus et manicheisme. Ce domaine nous a longtemps retenu: traduction richement annotee de shahrastani, mais aussi traduction et etude, absolument neuves, des ecrits concernes chez les trois grands auteurs de kalam au ive s. De l'h. : al-maturidi, al-baqillani, "abd al-jabbar. 3e, l'hindouisme aux mille visages. La, malgre de nombreux passages d'islam et religions, notre apport est mince. L'etude globale de cette litterature nous en a ouvert une science plus stricte: histoire et caractere des genres litteraires, role des mobiles personnels, subordination des connaissances acquises a l'autorite du coran, infaillibilite culturelle de stereotypes fixes aux premiers siecles de l'islamThe above title is not the title of a thesis, but expresses the actual axis of the set of studies that i am presenting to obtain the state doctorate, and the three quarters of which are about this very range of research: whence the title chosen for the synthesis of my expose general. Those studies consist in 19 articles and 3 books, namely: penseurs musulmans et religions iraniennes: "abd al-jabbar et ses devanciers, paris 1974 (etudes musulmanes, xvi); islam et religions, paris 1986 (islam d'hier et d'aujourd'hui, 27); the parts dealing with jews, christians, mazdaeans and dualists in al-shahrastani, livre des religions et des sectes, ist part: "islam and other scriptural religions", translation with introduction and foot-notes by daniel gimaret and guy monnot, to be published in leuven, december 1986. "muslim history of religions" intends here to refer as a whole to the writings in which muslims showed their concern and recorded their attitude of mind about religions other than islam. This study is extended up to the beginning of our century. Three fields have chiefly attracted the research of muslim authors and made clear their views. 1e, christianism. Our contribution consists here, besides synthetic views, in the study of the corresponding works of "abd al-jabbar and of shahrastani. 2e,"iranian dualisms", that is mazdaeism of the majus, and manichaeism. We have paid much attention to this field: a copiously annotated translation of shahrastani, but also the translation and study, utterly new, of the corresponding writings of the three great kalam authors in the ivth century of the h. : maturidi, baqillani, "abd al-jab. 3e,multifarious hinduism. There, our results remain very modest. The embracing study of this literature allowed us to see it in a more scientific way: "genres litteraires", interference of personal motivations, subordination of factual knowledge to the koran, old stereotypes
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Silva, Fernando Cândido da [UNESP]. "Conflitos proféticos: a posição da profecia no campo religioso judaíta do século VIII a.C." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93423.
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Esta dissertação objetiva estudar os conflitos proféticos no Antigo Testamento, especialmente os caracterizados em Mq 2,6-11; 3,5-8 e Is 28,7-13. Ao fundamentar-se teoricamente nas noções de campo e habitus de Pierre Bourdieu, a análise coloca o problema de forma distinta da historiografia bíblica. Ao invés de tratar do “falso profetismo” e suas implicações teológicas, a pesquisa opta por buscar as bases sociais da polêmica profética: Isaías e Miquéias produzem seus discursos de um lugar específico no campo religioso na Judá do século VIII a.C. e é este ponto de vista diferente – entre profetas canônicos e nebî’îm – que produz a disputa pela palavra profética. Diferentemente da História Deuteronomista (Js-Re) e de Jeremias, nos textos proféticos do século VIII o leitmotiv dos conflitos não é a mentira (sheqer), mas a crítica às autoridades que exercem a liderança de forma irresponsável no nível sócio-político. Para Miquéias e Isaías, os nebî’îm estão sob a influência de bebida alcoólica e só pensam no seu próprio bem-estar. O lugar de descanso para os pobres (hammenûhah) não é a prioridade dos nebî’îm, afinal estes falam em favor dos poderosos de Judá. Eis a base da polêmica em Miquéias e Isaías: o habitus que origina suas visões de mundo é diverso daquele que sustenta as pregações dos nebî’îm. Isso resulta em grupos de suporte diferentes e, por fim, em projetos sociais divergentes.
This dissertation aims to study the prophetic conflicts in the Old Testament, especially as they are characterized in Mic 2,6-11; 3,5-8 and Isa 28,7-13. Theoretically, we are basing in Pierre Bourdieu notions of field and habitus, therefore, the analyses puts the problem in a distinct way of the biblical historiography. Instead of treating of the false prophetism and its theological implication, the research opts to look for the social bases of the prophetic controversy: Isaiah and Micah produce their speeches from a specific place in the religious field in Judah of the VIII century and it is this different point of view – between canonical prophets and nebî’îm – that produce the dispute for the prophetic word. Differently of Deuteronomistc History (Joshua-Kings) and Jeremiah, in the VIII century prophetic texts, the leitmotiv of the conflicts is not the lie (sheqer), but the critic of the authorities that exercise the leadership in an irresponsible way in the socio-political level. For Micah and Isaiah, the nebî’îm are under the influence of alcoholic drink and only think about their own well-being. The rest place for the poor (hammenûhah) is not the priority of the nebî’îm, after all, they speak in favor of powerful people of Judah. Here is the base of the controversy in Micah and Isaiah: the habitus that originates their world visions is quite different of that sustaining the nebî’îm preaching. This results in different support groups and, finally, in rival social projects.
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Sánchez, Pérez Carolaine. "Recuerdos silenciados: percepción de la niñez en la Grecia antigua." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/167978.
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Valdés, Matías Pau. "La logística del ejército romano durante la República Media (264-188 a.C.)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/434479.
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La tesis doctoral “La logística del ejército romano en la república media (264-188 a.C.)” plantea como objetivo principal ofrecer una visión de conjunto de la logística romana desde la Primera Guerra Púnica (264 a.C.) hasta la Paz de Apamea (188 a.C.), así como del coste e impacto en las estructuras socioeconómicas de los territorios donde tuvo lugar y de la propia Roma.
A nivel cronológico el trabajo cuenta con unos límites claramente definidos. El punto de partida es el inicio de la expansión de Roma fuera de la península ibérica a raíz de la Primera Guerra Púnica. El punto final del trabajo está marcado por la Paz de Apamea. Este tratado de paz entre la monarquía seleucida y Roma marca la confirmación de Roma como potencia hegemónica a escala mediterránea. A nivel geográfico el ámbito de estudio del trabajo se extiende a toda la zona mediterránea.
Para llevar a cabo este estudio hemos decidido dividir nuestro trabajo en cinco capítulos.
El primer capítulo plantea un recorrido historiográfico de la historia militar y la logística del ejército romano. Partiendo de diversos de los problemas que se han apuntado en el repaso historiográfico, en el segundo capítulo planteamos una revisión de los datos con los que contamos para el estudio de la logística. El tercer capítulo se centra en definir qué elementos formaban parte de la logística del ejército romano en base a las evidencias con las que contamos a nivel escrito y arqueológico. En el cuarto capítulo plantea un estudio de los mecanismos que empleaba Roma como estado y los ejércitos para la obtención y gestión de los recursos. En el último capítulo planteamos cinco estudios de caso. En el primero de ellos nos centramos en el asedio de Agrigento y la problemática que planteó para la logística romana. En el segundo caso de estudio analizamos el despliegue de las fuerzas romanas del 225 a.C. Éste se ha planteado como una respuesta a las acciones de Cartago. Por esta razón, llevamos a cabo una contraposición entre la disposición de ese año y los del año 218 a.C. En el tercer caso nos centramos en la logística de los ejércitos romanos durante la Segunda Guerra Púnica en la península ibérica tomando como base la información obtenida del yacimiento de La Palma. En cuarto lugar, analizamos la importancia del estrés bélico sobre Roma a raíz del final de la Segunda Guerra Púnica y el inicio de la Segunda Guerra Macedónica. Finalmente, el último caso de estudio, se corresponde con la importancia que tuvo el saqueo dentro de la logística de Vulso en Asia Menor en el 189 a.C.
El trabajo realizado aporta una revisión profunda de los datos con los que contamos sobre la logística de época republicana. De este modo, una de las principales conclusiones que se extrae es la enorme complejidad de la logística y el gran impacto que tuvo tanto para el estado como para la zona donde actuaba el ejército. Partiendo de esta premisa, convienen destacar varios puntos clave en las aportaciones de este trabajo.
En primer lugar, la complejidad que queda patente a raíz del apartado 3 implica que la logística debe ser considerada como un elemento básico en la definición de las estrategias y organización tanto de las campañas como territorios por parte de Roma. Si bien por factores historiográficos ha contado con un papel secundario, creemos que a raíz de nuestro trabajo debe empezar a gozar de mayor protagonismo.
En segundo lugar, la variedad de recursos implican diferentes métodos de captación. De este modo, no existe un patrón fijo sobre la gestión de los recursos ni un método predominante para obtener abastecimientos. Por consiguiente, asignarle un rol preponderante a elementos como el saqueo plantea problemas. Desde nuestro trabajo planteamos una revisión de las diferentes prácticas y su interrelación con aspectos políticos, tácticos y logísticos.
En tercer lugar, y como apunte final, hay que resaltar el carácter temporal de la logística. Las estructuras, métodos de obtención de recursos e incluso las rutas están sujetas a fuertes variaciones y cambios en función de las demandas estratégicas.“La logística del ejército romano en la república media (264-188 a.C.)” (The logistics of the roman army during the Middle Republic (264-188 BC) offers an overview of the logistics of the roman army from the First Punic War (264 BC) to the Apamea Treaty (188 BC), as well as a study concerning the impact in the economical and social structures of the areas and Rome during this period. Our research is framed within defined chronological boundaries. The starting point is marked by the expansion of Rome outside the Italian Peninsula as consequence of the First Punic War. The ending point of our research is defined by the Treaty of Apamea. This treaty between the Seleucid monarchy and Rome signals the moment Rome became a hegemonic power in the Mediterranean. The geographical area of this work encompasses all the Mediterranean. To develop our research aims we divided our study in five chapters. The first chapter offer a survey of the development of the military history and the study of roman logistics, highlighting the most relevant historiographical problems. The second one examines the evidences available and the issues concerning the acquisition, management and consumption. The third chapter focuses on defining what elements were supplied and required by the army and the problems they posed. In the final chapter we develop five study cases which deal with a specific problem highlighted in the previous chapters.
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Pino, Benardis Estefano. "En la indefinición del tiempo: Stásis y Xenía: principios conciliados en los orígenes de la Tiranía Griega Arcaica (siglos VII y VI a.C.)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/168757.
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Àlamo, Santos Juan Manuel. "A Performance Guide and Theorical Study of Keiko Abe's Marimba d'Amore and Prism Rhapsody for Marimba and Orchestra." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9803/.
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Keiko Abe's contributions to the contemporary marimba repertoire have been a milestone in the development of the marimba as a solo concert instrument. Besides the creation of a new repertoire through commissions and her own compositions, Abe's contributions to the marimba include the improvement of the sound quality of the marimba and the establishment of the five octave instrument as the standard concert marimba. During the last four decades, Abe's compositions have been performed and studied worldwide and become standard literature for the marimba. Abe has written more than sixty compositions for marimba, including concertos, duets and solo pieces. The goal of this dissertation is to provide a comprehensive method for the performance and preparation of two major Keiko Abe's compositions, Marimba d'Amore composed by Abe in 1998 and Prism Rhapsody for Marimba and Orchestra composed in 1996. This dissertation will discuss theoretical as well as performance issues related to these two compositions. Each piece is discussed with regard to its distinctive compositional approach and inherent performances issues. In order to provide the reader an explanation of the compositional procedures used by Abe, specific directions for the performance and preparation of these two works are offered.
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Park, Simon. "Diogo Bernardes and 'O Lima' (1596) : poetry, patronage, and print in early modern Portugal." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cc5da494-8e61-4e94-abbc-2093396352ba.
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This thesis examines how the fortunes of poets and the status of poetry were changing at the end of the sixteenth century in Portugal. Centring on the long-neglected verse epistles in Diogo Bernardes's 'O Lima' (1596), I re-evaluate our sense of what it meant to be a poet when writing verse was not a sure-fire way to earn a living and when lyric poetry was regularly lampooned as trifling and immoral. Bernardes's surprisingly forthright cartas, I argue, offer new insights into the protagonists and procedures of literary patronage in Portugal. I use a combination of close readings and sociological methods to illuminate the practical strategies and rhetorical brinkmanship that Bernardes deployed in his quest for favour and highlight the frustrations and moral dilemmas of seeking the support of powerful, but fickle, patrons. Bernardes was a particularly remarkable writer for having printed his verse during his lifetime, and so I also trace how lyric verse was slowly legitimated as a cultural product during the sixteenth century and offer a case study of how an author's reputation was forged in the collaborative enterprise of print, then re-formed by the work of readers, thereby shedding light on the complex mechanisms of early modern canon formation. Paradoxically, I demonstrate that unequivocal praise of a writer's work can harm, rather than help, their chances of remaining in the canon. Although Bernardes's work is an echo chamber for these deep reverberations from the broader history of literature, this thesis also listens closely to Bernardes's distinctive poetic voice and allows it to speak out. Playful, candid, mercurial, it is a poetic voice that here seeks a wider audience.
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Scoleso, Fabiana. "Reestruturação produtiva e sindicalismo metalúrgico do ABC Paulista: as misérias da era neoliberal na década de 1990." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13136.
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The object of this work is the action of metallurgist Union Trade from ABC in the decade of 1990, period of the productive restructuring of its several new dimensions in the work world. The absorption by the state of the union trade movement and the Partido dos Trabalhadores and the objective relations that defined the capitalism, through the decade of 1990, characterized the peculiar way assumed by the work in the brazilian society. In this way, the brazilian neoliberalism got a different manner and content and revealed more an engagement of the state than a distance of the so called market power . With intense participation, the government of Fernando Collor de Mello and Fernando Henrique Cardoso implemented the new basis for the productive restructuring of the capital. This engagement Capital x State had as main content to the social organization of the production, the principles politics and the credits for the capital expansion and, fundamentally a new kind of capture of the work subjectivity. The Metallurgist Union Trade from 1990 ABC, so combative in the decade of 1980 and a deep class character abandon this profile and assume a new corporative sector manner dominating the Union Trade action propositive. The union trade neocorporatist , of propositive nature is assumed, fundamentally, after the IV (4 th) Congress of Central Única dos Trabalhadores in 1991 and developed by the Metallurgist Union Trade from ABC, main union trade of cutistas basis, and of the Automotive Sector Board (1992-1994). The new assumed abandoned this profile the practices to the basis and assume the neocorporatist and adherence to the negotiation with the government s companies. The substantive criticism to the political and economical order is replaced by negotiated content. The losses are absolutely bigger than the gains for the working class. The indices of unemployment of the period don t leave doubts about the role of the restructuring and about the tiny union trade influence in the changes in the sector and in the directions of economy. In our point of view, it is clear that the decade of 1990 was a period of several dimensions of the restructuring and that the Metallurgist Union Trade actions from ABC, following the guidelines of the Central Única dos Trabalhadores, assumed the propositivo profile, understood by us, a adherence to the state driven by the politicist bias
O objeto deste trabalho é a atuação do Sindicato dos Metalúrgicos do ABC na década de 1990, período da reestruturação produtiva e das suas novas dimensões do mundo do trabalho. A cooptação pelo Estado do movimento sindical e do Partido dos Trabalhadores e as relações objetivas que definiram o capitalismo, ao longo da década de 1990, caracterizaram a forma peculiar assumida pelo sindicalismo na sociedade brasileira. Assim, o neoliberalismo brasileiro adquiriu forma e conteúdo distintos como anel auto-perpetuador e revelou mais um engajamento do Estado do que um distanciamento das chamadas forças do mercado . Com intensa participação, o governo de Fernando Collor de Mello e o de Fernando Henrique Cardoso implementaram as novas bases para a reestruturação produtiva e para a reestruturação do capital. Esse engajamento Capital-Estado teve como principais conteúdos à organização social da produção, os princípios políticos e creditícios para a expansão do capital e, fundamentalmente, um novo tipo de captura da subjetividade do trabalho. O sindicalismo metalúrgico do ABC, tão combativo na década de 1980 e com profundo caráter classista, abandona esse perfil e assume uma nova lógica corporativa setorial denominado sindicalismo propositivo. O neocorporativismo sindical, de cariz propositivo, é assumido, fundamentalmente, após o IV Congresso da Central Única dos Trabalhadores em 1991 e desempenhado pelo Sindicato dos Metalúrgicos do ABC, principal sindicato da base cutista, e na Câmara Setorial Automotiva (1992-1994). O novo perfil assumido abandona as práticas junto à base e assume o cupulismo e a aderência às negociações junto às empresas e governo. A crítica substantiva à ordem política e econômica é substituída pelo conteúdo negociativo. As perdas são absolutamente maiores que os ganhos para a classe trabalhadora. Os índices de desemprego do período não deixam dúvidas sobre o papel da reestruturação e sobre a ínfima influência sindical nas mudanças do setor e nos rumos da economia. Para nós, fica claro que a década de 1990 foi o período das múltiplas dimensões da reestruturação e que o Sindicalismo Metalúrgico do ABC, seguindo as orientações da Central Única dos Trabalhadores, assumiu uma posição caudatária da lógica politicista, entendido por nós, como aderência do Estado não acenando para uma lógica onímoda do trabalho
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Funaiole, Matthew. "History and hierarchy : the foreign policy evolution of modern Japan." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5843.
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This thesis examines the foreign policy evolution of Japan from the time of its modernization during the mid-nineteenth century though the present. It is argued that infringements upon Japanese sovereignty and geopolitical vulnerabilities have conditioned Japanese leaders towards power seeking policy objectives. The core variables of statehood, namely power and sovereignty, and the perception of state elites are traced over this broad time period to provide a historical foundation for framing contemporary analyses of Japanese foreign policy. To facilitate this research, a unique framework that accounts for both the foreign policy preferences of Japanese leaders and the external constraints of the international system is developed. Neoclassical realist understandings of self-help and relative power distributions form the basis of the presented analysis, while constructivism offers crucial insights into ideational factors that influence state elites. Social Identity Theory, a social psychology theory that examines group behavior, is integrated to conceptualize the available policy options. Surveying Japanese foreign policy through this framework clarifies the seemingly irreconcilable shifts in Japan's foreign policy history and clearly delineates between political groups that embody distinct policy strategies and norms. Consequently, the main contribution of this thesis lies in the development of a theoretical framework that is uniquely positioned to identify historical trends in foreign policy. Owing to the numerous shifts in modern Japan's foreign policy history, this research identifies and examines three distinguishable Japanese “states”: Meiji Japan (1868 - 1912), Imperial Japan (1912 - 1945), and postwar Japan (1945 - present).
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José, Natália Frazão. "Imagens discursivas sobre Augusto nas biografias e histórias do principado romano (séculos I a.C. a III d.C.) /." Franca, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/142009.
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Orientador: Margarida Maria de CarvalhoBanca: Ana Teresa Marques Gonçalves
Banca: Luciane Munhoz de Omena
Banca: Renata Senna Garraffoni
Banca: Vagner Carvalheiro Porto
Resumo: Neste momento, propomo-nos a analisar as imagens discursivas sobre Augusto nas Biografias e Histórias do Principado Romano, séculos I a.C. a III d.C. Para isto, selecionamos a obra de Veléio Patérculo, História Romana (séculos I a.C. - I d.C.), as biografias de Plutarco de Queronéia, César e Antônio (séculos I e II d.C.), as biografias de Caio Suetônio Tranquilo, O Divino Júlio e o Divino Augusto (séculos I e II d.C.), os escritos de Lúcio Anneu Floro, Epítome de Tito Lívio (séculos I e II d.C.), e, por fim, a obra de Dion Cássio, História Romana(século II e III d.C.). Através desse corpus documental, torna-se possível uma comparação entre as imagens discursivas sobre esse imperador Júlio-Claudiano, imagens estas que foram elaboradas em contextos diferentes, através de abordagens distintas e, em nossa concepção, partindo de múltiplas motivações destes autores. Ainda, faz-se possível compreender como as figuras de Júlio César e Marco Antônio são utilizadas nessas criações sobre Augusto, sendo que o primeiro passa a representar o modelo a ser seguindo; enquanto o segundo, a sua antítese. Nesta análise, partimos do pressuposto que os elementos da sociedade do Principado Romano não são homogêneos e que as diferenças entre os relatos, assim como as similaridades, também nos levam à legitimação da estrutura política do Principado Romano.
Abstract: In this new academic trajectory, we propose to analyze the discursive images of Augustus in Biographies and Histories of the Roman Principality, between centuries I BC to III AD. For this, we selected the work of Velleius Paterculus, Roman History (centuries I BC to I AD), the Plutarch biographies, Caesar and Antony (first and second centuries AD), the Suetonius biographies, The Divine Julius and The Divine Augustus (first and second centuries AD), the writings of Lucius Florus, Epitome of Titus Livy (first and second centuries AD), and finally, the Dion Cassius work, Roman History (II and III century AD). Through his documentary corpus, it becomes possible to compare the discursive images of Julio-Claudian Emperor, which images have been developed in different contexts, through different approaches and, in our view, from multiple motivations of these authors. Still, it is possible to understand how the figures of Julius Caesar and Mark Antony are used in these creations of Augustus, the first of which happens to represent the model to be followed, while the second, its antithesis. In this analysis, we assume that the elements of Roman society in the Principality are not homogeneous and that the differences between the accounts, as well as the similarities, also lead us to the legitimacy of the political structure of the Roman Principality.
Resume: En ce moment, nous nous proposons d'analyser les images discursives sur Auguste parmi les biographies et histoires de la Principauté romaine, du Ier siècle av. J.-C. au IIIe s. ap. J.-C. Dans ce but, nous avons sélectionné l'oeuvre de Velleius Paterculus, Histoire romaine (du Ier siècle av. J.-C. au Ier s. ap. J.-C.), les biographies de Plutarque de Chéronée, César et Antoine (Ier et IIe siècles ap. J.-C.), les biographies de Suétone (Caius Suetonius Tranquillus), Vie de Jules César et Vie d'Auguste (Ier et IIe siècles ap. J.-C.), les écrits de Florus (Publius Annius Florus), Épitomé de Tite- Live (Ier et IIe siècles ap. J.-C.), et, finalement, l'oeuvre de Dion Cassius, Histoire romaine (IIe et IIIe siècles ap. J.-C.). Par ce corpus documentaire, il est possible de faire une comparaison entre les images discursives sur cet empereur Julio-Claudien. Celles-ci ont été élaborées dans différents contextes, à travers plusieurs abordages et, selon notre compréhension, à partir de multiples motivations de ces auteurs. D'ailleurs, on peut comprendre comment les figures de Jules César et Marc Antoine sont utilisées dans ces créations sur Auguste : le premier représente le modèle à suivre pendant que le dernier symbolise son antithèse. Dans cette analyse, nous partons de la présupposition que les éléments de la société de la Principauté Romaine ne sont pas homogènes et que les différences entre les récits, ainsi que les similarités, nous mènent aussi à la légitimation de la structure politique de la Principauté romaine...
Doutor
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Inrig, Stephen. "Staring out the window at Europe's pain an analysis of European current events as chronicled by A.C. Gaebelein in the 1930s /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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Elshayyal, M. F. "A critical edition of volume II of Tarikh Al-Duwal Wa'l Muluk by Muhammad B. Abd Al-Rahim B. Ali Ibn Al-Furat." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382923.
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Montlahuc, Pascal. "Le pouvoir des bons mots : "faire rire" et politique à Rome du milieu du IIIe siècle a.C. à l'avènement des Antonins." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC130.
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Ce travail reconstitue les mécanismes humoristiques propres à la concurrence politique des époques tardo-républicaine et impériale, dans le but de montrer les adaptations du risum mouere aux changements politiques et sociaux intervenus durant cette période. Il s’agit de dépasser une lecture théorique centrée sur le rire de l’homo urbanus et du bon orateur proposée par Cicéron et Quintilien pour lui préférer une lecture historicisée et combinatoire, considérant les orateurs, les traits d’esprit, les auditoires et les causes politiques comme un tout à l’agencement variable de ce que les Modernes nomment l’« humour politique ». Scrutant les divers contextes politiques de cet humour (les procès, le Sénat, les contiones, le Forum, la campagne militaire ou encore la rue), la recherche souligne également le passage, selon des rythmes syncopés résultant d’un repli de la causticité aristocratique face à César mais qui perdure à l’époque triumvirale, d’un « faire rire » frontal articulé autour du succès oratoire vers un humour fondé sur l’anonymat des correspondances, des graffitis ou des chants du triomphe. La dernière partie du travail, centrée sur le premier siècle du Principat, part de l’opposition établie par des sources pro-sénatoriales entre les « bons princes » et les « tyrans » pour mieux montrer que, ne se limitant pas à refuser ou à accepter le rire politique selon son degré de dangerosité pour leur autorité politique, les princes utilisèrent également le rire à leur profit, entretenant par là une « inaccessible accessibilité » au fondement du charisme impérial, permettant l’aboutissement de la « Révolution romaine »This work explores the links between risum mouere and Roman political competition from the two last centuries of the Republic to the beginnings of the Principate. It is necessary to go beyond a critical discussion of the influential theories of the good orator and homo urbanus (mostly conceptualized by Cicero and Quintilian) and instead to adopt a historicizing and complex reading of the phenomenon, conceiving political humor as an ever-changing object shaped by orators, jokes, audiences, and political struggles. In order to understand its role in the roman city, political humor thus needs to be considered as a contextualized whole. The first part of the dissertation considers risum mouere in the context of trials, in the Senate, on the Forum, in the street or at war. Each of these case studies reveals a type of political humor that is freely and openly used in public life. The second part tries to determine what impact Caesar’s rise and the triumvirs had on political competition and, at the same time, on the possibilities of using political humor in the city. This section sheds light on the multiple ways in which the aristocrats and people of Rome continued to mock the powerful (Caesar, Antony and Octavian) by using more discreet channels (correspondence, graffiti, triumphal songs), and how these enabled them to keep expressing strong political opposition, which was otherwise dangerous to address in broad daylight. The third and last part focuses on the first century A.D. and discusses the opposition elaborated by ancient authors between the “good prince”, who was naturally comfortable with political humor, and the repressive “tyrant”. A critical study of the literary documentation shows that every Princeps tended to discourage political humor when it meant an effective danger for the imperial authority, but also that emperors knew how to use laughter and humor to create a form of “inapproachable approachability” which constituted a foundation of imperial charisma and strengthened the new regime, born from the “Roman revolution”
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Silva, Fernando Cândido da. "Conflitos proféticos : a posição da profecia no campo religioso judaíta do século VIII a.C. /." Assis : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93423.
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Orientador: Ivan Esperança RochaBanca: Milton Schwantes
Banca: Andrea Lucia Dorini de Oliveira Carvalho Rossi
Resumo: Esta dissertação objetiva estudar os conflitos proféticos no Antigo Testamento, especialmente os caracterizados em Mq 2,6-11; 3,5-8 e Is 28,7-13. Ao fundamentar-se teoricamente nas noções de campo e habitus de Pierre Bourdieu, a análise coloca o problema de forma distinta da historiografia bíblica. Ao invés de tratar do "falso profetismo" e suas implicações teológicas, a pesquisa opta por buscar as bases sociais da polêmica profética: Isaías e Miquéias produzem seus discursos de um lugar específico no campo religioso na Judá do século VIII a.C. e é este ponto de vista diferente - entre profetas canônicos e nebî'îm - que produz a disputa pela palavra profética. Diferentemente da História Deuteronomista (Js-Re) e de Jeremias, nos textos proféticos do século VIII o leitmotiv dos conflitos não é a mentira (sheqer), mas a crítica às autoridades que exercem a liderança de forma irresponsável no nível sócio-político. Para Miquéias e Isaías, os nebî'îm estão sob a influência de bebida alcoólica e só pensam no seu próprio bem-estar. O lugar de descanso para os pobres (hammenûhah) não é a prioridade dos nebî'îm, afinal estes falam em favor dos poderosos de Judá. Eis a base da polêmica em Miquéias e Isaías: o habitus que origina suas visões de mundo é diverso daquele que sustenta as pregações dos nebî'îm. Isso resulta em grupos de suporte diferentes e, por fim, em projetos sociais divergentes.
Abstract: This dissertation aims to study the prophetic conflicts in the Old Testament, especially as they are characterized in Mic 2,6-11; 3,5-8 and Isa 28,7-13. Theoretically, we are basing in Pierre Bourdieu notions of field and habitus, therefore, the analyses puts the problem in a distinct way of the biblical historiography. Instead of treating of the false prophetism and its theological implication, the research opts to look for the social bases of the prophetic controversy: Isaiah and Micah produce their speeches from a specific place in the religious field in Judah of the VIII century and it is this different point of view - between canonical prophets and nebî'îm - that produce the dispute for the prophetic word. Differently of Deuteronomistc History (Joshua-Kings) and Jeremiah, in the VIII century prophetic texts, the leitmotiv of the conflicts is not the lie (sheqer), but the critic of the authorities that exercise the leadership in an irresponsible way in the socio-political level. For Micah and Isaiah, the nebî'îm are under the influence of alcoholic drink and only think about their own well-being. The rest place for the poor (hammenûhah) is not the priority of the nebî'îm, after all, they speak in favor of powerful people of Judah. Here is the base of the controversy in Micah and Isaiah: the habitus that originates their world visions is quite different of that sustaining the nebî'îm preaching. This results in different support groups and, finally, in rival social projects.
Mestre
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Hilloowala, Yasmin 1969. "The history of the conquest of Egypt, being a partial translation of Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam's "Futuh Misr" and an analysis of this translation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282810.
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This dissertation consists of two parts. Part one is a translation of the Egyptian history within the Futuh Misr wa Akhbaruha of Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam. The Futuh Misr, as I refer to it in this dissertation, is a ninth century history written by the Egyptian historian/legalist, Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam. Its pages encompass the history of pre-Islamic Egypt, as Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam saw it, the conquest of Egypt, North Africa and Spain. The section on Egypt, and even North Africa and Spain, is one of the oldest histories we have dealing with this conquest. The second half of this dissertation is an historical analysis of Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam's history on the conquest of Egypt. Although at first glance the Futuh Misr does not seem to yield much useful information, it is surprisingly deceptive, particularly the Egyptian section. I have examined this section and have analyzed the contents to see what they reveal about the history of that time. From the themes that emerge, it is obvious that Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam's Futuh Misr not only provides useful information about the Arab conquest of 640 CE, but gives modern scholars an incite into the mentality of the author and his time period, and thus adds to our understanding of the attitude of historians during the medieval period in the Islamic world.
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Hudson, John. "Legal aspects of seignorial control of land in the century after the Norman Conquest." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:25f05e5f-5a7c-4663-aabc-8b5e0fe03afe.
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In order to reveal the functioning and development of lordship and law within society, this thesis examines the control of land and other immoveable possessions during the century after 1066. This involves subjects central to the emergence of the Common Law: how notions of property developed, how succession and inheritance evolved, how disposal of land was controlled by various interests, and how lords enforced the services owed to them. I argue that a view too narrowly restricted by modern legal definitions can miss important developments, and seek to place the various developments in their social and political context. By examining cases, I introduce the element of power as a determinant of the operation and development of law, a feature some recent writings lack. The answers to the questions posed above are thus of interest to all historians of this period, since they illuminate the distribution and functioning of power within Anglo-Norman society. I also align the changes with other developments in thought. In particular, I suggest links between the church reform movement and developing notions of land tenure. I take issue with some legal historians who argue that property, strictly defined, only emerged from the third quarter of the twelfth century. They define property as involving the tenant's secure possession of land for life; his freedom to dispose of that land; and the automatic inheritance of the land by his heir. All these required regular enforcement by the external authority of law administered by royal power. In the century after 1066, they argue, landholding was controlled by the personal relationship of lord and man, within sovereign lordships. Royal involvement was exceptional. In the later twelfth century, property emerged with a shift of control to royal jurisdiction. I argue that a similar, if limited, shift of control occurred under Henry I, particularly in relation to ecclesiastical lordships.
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SILVA, Tatielly Fernandes. "As Metamorfoses de Helena nas Tragédias de Eurípides (Século V a.C.)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2334.
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Previous issue date: 2012-04-27The present Dissertation aims to understand the many representations of the mythic character Helen, as they have been elaborated by the tragedian Euripides. Selected as sources for this research, three tragedies shall be analysed in our work: The Trojan Women (415 AD), Orestes (408 AD) , and Helen (412 AD). Whenever it may come necessary, we will use the other tragedies as supporting documents to the subject we are attending to endorse, for which we may appeal also to the works of Homer, Hesiod and the sophist Gorgias of Leontini, as well as the plays of other great tragedians from the Classical Athens, Aeschylus and Sophocles. By the utilization of the concept representation , which have been largely discussed by most historians in the last decades of 20th century, we will be intending to make an association between representation and other common concepts used by the New Social History, such as memory and mythology. This is due to the multiple understanding we can achieve over the character Helen as a mytheme as it is presented both in narrative and interpretations in the Greek mythological system as it was known in the Classical Athens. The image of Helen was reinterpreted by Euripides tragedy, mainly because Helen s Pan-Hellenic characteristics, which were determinant for the tragedian s work as a ideal condition guaranteed by its eminent poetic/narrative style. By reinventing his Helens, Euripides has increased through the tragic mimesis a particular representation which was intertwined with the mythic traditions and the poetical and philosophical view of his contemporaries.
Esta Dissertação tem como objetivo compreender as representações da personagem mítica Helena elaboradas pelo tragediógrafo Eurípides. Selecionamos como fontes principais para análise as tragédias, As Troianas (415), Orestes (408) e Helena (412) e como aportes necessários à elaboração de nosso argumento recorremos às demais tragédias do poeta, bem como a Homero, Hesíodo, ao filósofo sofista Górgias de Leontinos e aos outros grandes tragediógrafos, Ésquilo e Sófocles. Utilizamos o conceito de representação, que tem sido amplamente discutido pela historiografia desde as últimas décadas do século XX, buscando aplicá-lo associado aos conceitos de memória e mitologia, principalmente, pois, entendemos as variantes narrativas e interpretativas do mitema de Helena, conhecidas no período clássico de Atenas e reelaboradas por Eurípides, como condições necessárias e determinantes do conjunto mitológico pan-helênico por seu caráter eminentemente poético narrativo. Eurípides ao reescrever suas Helenas através da mimese trágica desenvolve uma representação particular, mas entrelaçada com a tradição mítica e com as reelaborações poéticas e filosóficas desenvolvidas por seus contemporâneos.
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Fernández, de Mata Ignacio García González Juan José. "Antropología, ecología e historia de los pueblos centro-septentrionales de la Península Ibérica (siglos II. a.C.-X d.C.)." Burgos : Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Burgos, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10259/71.
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Calonga, Tania Aparecida da Silva. "A DUPLA FACE DE SALOMÃO MEMÓRIAS DE UMA ESCOLA DE ESCRIBAS NO SÉCULO X A.C." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2012. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/237.
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Previous issue date: 2012-05-11The memorable king Solomon entered into history as a wise man for excellence. Even nowadays most people link his name to wisdom. But, when we get knowledge of texts that refer to Solomon, of how they were written and which ideologies they have (the favourable and the opposite ones), then many questions are made, in special when they search methodically to dissociate the history from memory. It seems the traditional historiography about Solomon has been found much dependent of his idealized figure yet. Result of a construction made as since his time by his scribes s hands as in later times, too, according to interests of each epoch. The conclusion is that Solomon s wisdom is not more than an ideological construction. Since this perspective, urge the challenge in searching another memory of Solomon, with the aim of suggesting an alternative way which may allow us to produce a new historiography about him. A historiography that may not be based on the oficial memory , but that one which may follow in the opposite way, from memories of those who were not influenced by the ideology of power. And, finally, to verify our thesis about the existence of two opposite memories about Solomon in the school of scribes in the court of Jerusalenm in 10th century b. C. Unfortunately, available sources about this issue are scarce, for we only have texts or memories about Solomon. We refer to 1Rs 1-2, that belongs to the so called History of succession believing that, from that narrative, it is possible to construct a historiography that might be different of that traditional one. We conclude that within the Solomonic school of scribes there were two opposite ideologies: Those which were favourable to Solomon and were used to defend the urban interests, and those that belonged to anti-Solomonic school and anti-Jerusalem, which were used to represent the interests of peasants who were explored and oppressed by the power.
O memóravel rei Salomão passou para a história como um sábio por excelência. Ainda na atualidade, a maioria das pessoas relaciona o seu nome com a sabedoria. Mas a partir do momento que passamos a ter conhecimento dos textos que se referem a Salomão, de como foram construídos e quais as ideologias ali presentes (tanto as favoráveis quanto as contrárias), surgem muitos questionamentos, em especial, quando se busca metodicamente dissociar a história da memória. Ao que parece a historiografia tradicional sobre Salomão, ainda encontra-se muito dependente da figura idealizada de Salomão. Resultado de uma construção feita desde a sua época, pelas mãos de seus escribas, como também em tempos posteriores, de acordo com os interesses de cada época. Concluí-se que a sabedoria de Salomão nada mais é do que uma construção ideológica. A partir dessa perspectiva, surge o desafio de buscar outra memória de Salomão, a fim de propor um caminho alternativo, que nos permita produzir uma nova historiografia a respeito de Salomão. Uma historiografia que não se firma na memória oficial , mas que siga na direção contrária, a partir das memórias dos que não se deixaram influenciar pela ideologia do poder. Dessa forma, poderemos alcançar a comprovação de nossa tese: a existência de duas memórias conflitantes a respeito de Salomão, dentro da Escola de Escribas da corte de Jerusalém no século X a.C. Infelizmente, as fontes disponíveis sobre esse assunto são realmente escassas, o que temos são textos, isto é, memórias sobre Salomão. Escolheu-se um texto crítico a Salomão. Trata-se de 1Rs 1-2, texto que pertence a chamada História da Sucessão de Davi, acreditando-se que a partir dele, consiga-se produzir uma historiografia diferente da historiografia tradicional. Concluímos que dentro da Escola de Escribas Salomônica existiam duas ideologias conflitantes. Os que eram a favor de Salomão, defendiam os interesses urbanos. Aqueles que pertenciam à escola anti-Salomônica e anti-Jerusalém, representavam os interesses dos camponeses explorados e oprimidos pelo poder.
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Inloes, Amina. "Negotiating Shīʿī identity and Orthodoxy through canonizing ideologies about women in Twelver Shīʿī Aḥādīth on Pre-Islamic sacred history in the Qurʾān." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/21786.
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Shīʿī aḥādīth, particularly on women, are an immensely understudied area. Studies on Shīʿī aḥādīth on women usually centre on Fāṭimah al-Zahrāʾ, and little research explores pre-Islamic sacred female figures in Shīʿī aḥādīth. At the same time, there an urgent interest in Shīʿism as well as women in Islam, and a desire for new methods to be applied as well as new questions to be asked. This thesis will analyse Shīʿī aḥādīth about women in pre-Islamic sacred history who appear in the Qurʾān (focusing on Eve, Sārah, Hājar, Zulaykhā, Bilqīs, and the Virgin Mary), and apply the methodologies of ideological criticism and feminist hermeneutics (to be explained in Chapter 1) to explore the subtexts about the essential nature and role of women communicated through these narrations. In addition to exploring the roots of these ideas, it will compare them against the contemporary Shīʿī ideology of gender referred to as the ‘separate-but-equal’ ideology to explore how well this ideology corresponds to Shīʿī narrations. (What constitutes an ‘ideology’ will be explored in Chapter 1.) Rather than attempting to derive the ‘authentic’ teachings of the Prophet or the Imāms, this study will take a stance of inauthenticity with respect to narrations and treat narrations as socio-cultural artefacts representing the diversity of views and beliefs of the Shīʿī community. This distinguishes it from other works which either attempt to derive the ‘authentic’ teachings of the Prophet, or else which presume that all narrations equally reflect what the Prophet and Imāms actually said. This avoids the sticky question of which narrations are actually ‘true’ and allows them to be treated equally as cultural artifacts in negotiating a Shīʿī ideology of gender. Because this study focuses on sacred female figures shared with the Judaeo-Christian tradition, it allows for the exploration of how ideas about women from outside the Islamic tradition were integrated into the Shīʿī corpus through isrāʾīlīyāt, particularly through the intertextual synthesis of pre-Islamic material (such as the Bible) with post-Prophetic notions (such as normative paradigms of jurisprudential discourse). Two trends will emerge from these narrations. The first heavily reinforces patriarchal norms, such as women’s seclusion, the need for male authority, and male guardianship over women. These narrations reflect jurisprudential discourse and are largely found in two of the four most prominent books of Shīʿī ḥadīth, al-Kāfī and al-Faqīh. However, in the second, other narrations form a ‘counter-narrative’ in which women and men are portrayed as equals; these narrations invoke the imagery of esoteric Shīʿism and focus on the narrative of wilāyah (loyalty to and love of the Prophet, Fāṭimah al-Zahrāʾ, and the Shīʿī Imāms). Since both sets of narrations address uniquely Shīʿī concerns, such as the Imāmate, it can be deduced that these differing portrayals of women reflect competing concerns in the early and mediaeval Shīʿī communities with respect to determining Shīʿī identity and orthodoxy, and may also reflect the spread of and resistance to Arabization. Lastly, because many narrations attributed to Imam ʿAlī convey strikingly different views about women, the penultimate chapter will explore whether Imam ʿAlī was misogynistic through a comparison of two foundational Shīʿī texts: Kitāb Sulaym ibn Qays al-Hilālī (c. 100 AH) and Nahj al-Balāghah (c. 400 AH).
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Clément, Jérémy. "Les cultures équestres du monde grec : une histoire culturelle de la guerre à cheval (ca. 350 - ca. 50 a.C.)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30087.
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Les campagnes militaires de Philippe II et d’Alexandre le Grand ont bouleversé les équilibres politiques et militaires du monde grec classique. En développant une pensée militaire fondée sur la coordination des armes et non sur le primat de l’infanterie, ils ont donné à la cavalerie une importance tactique qu’elle n’avait pas dans les armées civiques de la période classique. L’épopée d’Alexandre représente, à cet égard, une aventure collective de dizaines de milliers d’hommes et de chevaux. Elle initie une conception de la guerre dans laquelle les chevaux sont des acteurs incontournables, infléchissant la stratégie, la tactique et la logistique de campagne. Dès lors, la production, la formation et la remonte des chevaux de guerre constituent des enjeux primordiaux de la construction des royaumes hellénistiques, car les dynasties des successeurs d’Alexandre se sont constamment préoccupées d’entretenir de cavaleries puissantes.Dans cette aventure cavalière, les cités emboitent le pas aux royaumes hellénistiques avec les ressources dont elles disposent, réformant leurs cavaleries ou en constituant de nouvelles, souvent dans une perspective fédérale leur permettant de nourrir de plus grandes ambitions militaires. Cela implique de trouver des chevaux, mais aussi des hommes capables de les monter et de les entretenir. Le consensus social établi entre les autorités civiques et les élites cavalières – une « classe d’écuyers » loin d’être homogène – diffère fortement d’une cité à l’autre en fonction de la culture équestre locale, c’est-à-dire des usages, pratiques et représentations des hommes de cheval dans le cadre – politique, économique et social – de la communauté civique à laquelle ils appartiennent. Les cultures équestres régionales ont donc en partie déterminé la capacité des cités à développer leurs cavaleries, mais, en retour, les mutations politiques et militaires de l’époque hellénistique ont considérablement influencé la culture équestre des élites en en renouvelant les pratiques – du prestige de l’hippotrophia aux réalités de l’équitation militaire – et en l’associant plus fortement qu’avant aux destinées politiques de la cité, à ses valeurs et à son système de représentationThe military campaigns of Philip II and Alexander the Great upset the political and military balance of the classical Greek world. By developing a military way of thinking based on the coordination of arms and not on the primacy of the infantry, they gave the cavalry unprecedented tactical importance compared to other civil armies in the classical period. Alexander the Great's epic is, in this respect, a collective adventure of tens of thousands of men and horses. It introduced a conception of war in which horses were key players, bending strategy, tactics and campaign logistics. From then on, the production, training and upbringing of war horses became primordial issues in the construction of the Hellenistic kingdoms, because Alexander's successors' dynasties were constantly concerned with maintaining a powerful cavalry.In this equestrian adventure, the cities followed in the Hellenistic kingdoms' footsteps with the resources available to them: they reformed the cavalry or created new units, often in a federal perspective allowing them to feed greater military ambitions. This involved finding horses, but also men to mount and care for them. The social consensus established between the civic authorities and the cavalier elites - a far from homogeneous "squire class" - which differed greatly from one city to another depending on the local equestrian culture, i.e. the uses, practices and representations of horsemen in the political, economic and social context of the civic community to which they belonged. Regional equestrian cultures thus partly determined the capacity of cities to develop their cavalry, but, in return, the political and military changes of the Hellenistic period considerably influenced the elite's equestrian culture by renewing its practices - from the prestige of hippotrophia to the realities of military riding - and associating it more strongly than before with the political destinies of the city, its values and its system of representation
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D'AGOSTINI, MONICA. "Re Filippo V, i Macedoni e le leghe greche (229-217 a.C.)." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/39108.
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Sebbene Filippo V sia uno dei monarchi antichi meglio attestati nella tradizione letteraria ed epigrafica, la complessità della sua regalità sfugge ancora alla ricerca storica moderna, che finora ha preferito concentrarsi sulla coeva espansione romana nel Mediterraneo. Dopo la vecchia monografia di Walbank (1940; 19602), la tesi costituisce dunque la prima analisi politica della basileia di Filippo V e della sua relazione con le leghe greche alla fine del III secolo a.C. La ricerca collega all'orizzonte politico e istituzionale ellenistico i primi 12 anni di governo di Filippo V (229-217 a.C.) ripercorrendo le fasi dell’azione politica del re: una prima fase riguarda principalmente il ruolo di Filippo durante la reggenza e il regno di Antigono Dosone; una seconda fase esplora tra il 222 e il 220 l'inizio della guerra con gli Etoli; una terza sezione è dedicata all'apertura di un fronte navale nel 219 e al successo della campagna etolica. La quarta parte indaga sull'impegno del 218 in Peloponneso di Filippo, mentre l'ultima sezione approfondisce l’azione diplomatica e militare di Filippo nel 217 e gli accordi di pace a Naupatto. Anche grazie alla buona documentazione epigrafica e letteraria, Filippo V è un paradigma unico per ridefinire il significato della regalità ellenistica. Considerando i suoi legami dinastici, la politica giudiziaria, le innovazioni militari, le relazioni diplomatiche e le riforme amministrative prima dell'intervento romano in Oriente, la ricerca tenta di fornire una prima descrizione e un'analisi della monarchia macedone matura e della sua relazione con il mondo greco; cerca inoltre di stabilire le caratteristiche della regalità ellenistica macedone nel momento dell’incontro con la potenza romana, nel tentativo di distinguere le sue peculiarità nel III secolo rispetto a quelle dell'età di Alessandro, a prescindere dalle deformazioni della propaganda di parte romana.Although Philip V is one of the best epigraphically and literarily attested ancient monarchs, the structure, performance, and the rationale of his kingship still elude modern scholarship, which has hitherto preferred to focus on the coeval Roman expansion in the Mediterranean. The following is the first political analysis of the ancient Macedonian basileia and its relation with the Greek Leagues at the end of the 3rd century BC. The research connects the first 12 years of rule of Philip V (229-217 BC.) to the Hellenistic political and institutional horizon, and distinguishes five chronological stages of Philip’s reign according to the political agency of the king: an early stage between Demetrios II’s death in 229 and 222, mainly concerned with Philip’s role during Antigonos Doson’s rule and the ascension to the throne; a second phase between 222 and 220 exploring the beginning of the war with the Aitolians; a third section devoted to the opening of a naval front in 219 and the successful Aitolian campaign. Part four investigates Philip’s 218 Peloponnesian engagement, while the last section expands on Philip’s 217 diplomatic and military agency and the peace agreements in Naupactos. Considering his dynastic ties, court politics, military innovations, diplomatic relations and administrative reforms before the Roman intervention in the East, the work attempts to provide a source-based first description and analysis of the mature Macedonian monarchy and its relation with the Greek world. It tries to establish the features of the Mediterranean kingship encountered by the Roman expansion, in the attempt to distinguish those attested in 3rd century Macedonia from those inferred from Alexander’s age evidence, and from the Roman biased propaganda.
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Inzulza, Sanhueza Cristián. "Proyección del heroísmo romano en los desfiles militares de Julio César y Octavio Augusto: el triunfo como recurso pedagógico." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/146640.
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Hatzinger, Kyle. "Democracy of Death: US Army Graves Registration and Its Burial of the World War I Dead." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707387/.
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The United States entered World War I without a policy governing the burial of its overseas dead. Armed only with institutional knowledge from the Spanish-American War twenty years prior, the Army struggled to create a policy amidst social turmoil in the United States and political tension between France and the United States.
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Medina, García Mauricio. "La Hélade ilusoria: el desarrollo de la identidad étnica en la Época Arcaica (siglos VIII-V): entre las identidades locales y lo helénico." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144230.
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Trépanier, Marie-Hélène. "À la recherche d'un idéal politique : analyse des discours des orateurs attiques du IVe siècle a.C." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29468.
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Ce mémoire propose d’analyser les discours des orateurs attiques du IVe siècle a.C. dans le but de déterminer s’il existait pour cette période un idéal au sein de la politique active et, le cas échéant, à quel type de constitution appartenait cet idéal. Pour ce faire, l’analyse porte d’abord sur les critiques liées au régime démocratique alors en place à Athènes. Elle établit que bien que les orateurs aient prôné de manière générale le système démocratique, une grande partie de ces louanges découlaient de la structure du système qui favorisait les flatteries grâce à l’utilisation de la rhétorique. La monarchie et l’oligarchie, autres régimes potentiels pour une cité, sont par la suite abordées. Il s’avère qu’aucun de ces deux systèmes politiques ne put représenter une option viable pour la cité d’Athènes, puisque les Athéniens avaient developpé de manière générale une vision bien trop néfaste de leurs contemporains usant de tels modèles politiques et que la cité s’était munie de mesures légales et culturelles pour maintenir constamment la peur de la tyrannie dans l’esprit de ses citoyens. Pourtant, les orateurs reconnurent certains points positifs à la monarchie et mirent bien souvent l’accent sur les raisons pour lesquelles Athènes méritait d’être un meneur parmi les cités grecques. C’est pourquoi, en dernier lieu, un parallèle est effectué dans ce travail entre les caractéristiques que l’on reconnaissait à Athènes et les attributs décernés par les philosophes au monarque idéal, le tout pour montrer un déplacement des idéaux politiques de la politique interne à externe et de la démocratie vers la bonne monarchie.
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Lajeunesse, Maude. "Les lois funéraires dans le monde grec du VIIe au IIIe siècle A.C. : analyse des motivations des législateurs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26013/26013.pdf.
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Barros, Germain Martín. "Vivir para morir: la cultura de la muerte en Etruria entre los siglos X y I a.C.: características y transformaciones." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144231.
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