Journal articles: 'Abductive analysis'

1

Giacobazzi, R. "Abductive analysis of modular logic programs." Journal of Logic and Computation 8, no. 4 (August 1, 1998): 457–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/8.4.457.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Singer, Burton. "Comment: Implication Analysis as Abductive Inference." Sociological Methodology 38, no. 1 (August 2008): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9531.2008.00209.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Mirza, Noeman A., Noori Akhtar-Danesh, Charlotte Noesgaard, Lynn Martin, and Eric Staples. "A concept analysis of abductive reasoning." Journal of Advanced Nursing 70, no. 9 (March 13, 2014): 1980–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jan.12379.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Subjack, Jeanne. "Book Review: Abductive analysis: Theorizing qualitative research." International Criminal Justice Review 26, no. 3 (July 25, 2016): 280–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1057567716630347.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Charniak, Eugene. "Motivation analysis, abductive unification, and nonmonotonic equality." Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 3 (April 1988): 275–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(88)90063-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Flexer, Michael J. "If p0, then 1: The impossibility of thinking out cases." History of the Human Sciences 33, no. 3-4 (September 3, 2020): 175–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695120944032.

Full text

Abstract:

Forrester’s proposed seventh style of reasoning – thinking in cases – functions as an analogous, dyadic relationship that, whilst indebted philosophically to the logical reasoning and semiotics of Charles Peirce, is prone to creating feedback loops between induction and deduction, precluding novel abductive hypotheses from advancing medical knowledge. Reasoning with a Peircean triadic model opens up the contexts and methods of meaning-making and reasoning through medical cases, and the potent influence of their genre conventions, to intellectual critical scrutiny. Vitally, it offers a third mode – abduction – that this article argues needs to be reintroduced into Forrester’s model of reasoning with cases. This article demonstrates this by applying a Peircean triadic model of reasoning to Forrester’s own model, tracing a shared genealogy but one in which the abductive element was lost. The article goes on to illustrate the explanatory and predictive potential of Peircean abductive reasoning and the necessary re-theorising of the case this entails. This argument is supported through an analysis of early case reports of what would become HIV/Aids, drawn from the Case Records of Massachusetts General Hospital series in the New England Journal of Medicine.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Suganthi, J., and V. Malathi. "Naïve Bayes Classifier with Parallel Abduction Reasoning Ensemble Principal Component Analysis for Prediction Modeling." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 13, no. 10 (October 1, 2016): 6707–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2016.5617.

Full text

Abstract:

The classification could be a latent variable that is probabilistically relating to the discovered variables. In Bayesian algorithmic ways, logical thinking works in probabilistic mode. However PCM based parallel abductive reasoning with Naïve Bayes (NB) on cancer information could be a powerful technique to perform effective prediction in classification. Whereas whilst classifying the cancer information the strategy reads the parallel changes and predicts the severity level for supplementary treatments. Since the Bayesian classifier gives many premises for several supervised learning algorithms thereby the proposed Parallel abductive Naïve Bayes Classifier algorithm based on factor analysis of PCA enhances the granularity of prediction. The Principal components are chosen on multi-perspective domain of curator analysis dataset. Experimental result shows that it is potential to get parallel abductive classifiers that have comparatively high impact on prediction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Olmos, Paula. "An argumentative approach on abduction and on the weighing of explanatory hypotheses." THEORIA. An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science 34, no. 1 (April 11, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/theoria.18292.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper makes use of the concepts and theoretical framework developed within the field of Argumentation Theory to account for the structure and characteristics of abduction and of the comparative processes of weighing explanatory hypothesis. It elaborates an analysis of abduction based on its consideration as a meta-explanatory argumentation scheme while elucidating its relations with abductive reasoning and inference. The conceptualization of comparative processes of weighing explanatory hypothesis as complex and varied argumentative structures is presented as an alternative to the idea of “inference to the best explanation”.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

WELLNER, BEN, LISA FERRO, WARREN GREIFF, and LYNETTE HIRSCHMAN. "Reading comprehension tests for computer-based understanding evaluation." Natural Language Engineering 12, no. 4 (December 6, 2005): 305–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324905004018.

Full text

Abstract:

Reading comprehension (RC) tests involve reading a short passage of text and answering a series of questions pertaining to that text. We present a methodology for evaluation of the application of modern natural language technologies to the task of responding to RC tests. Our work is based on ABCs (Abduction Based Comprehension system), an automated system for taking tests requiring short answer phrases as responses. A central goal of ABCs is to serve as a testbed for understanding the role that various linguistic components play in responding to reading comprehension questions. The heart of ABCs is an abductive inference engine that provides three key capabilities: (1) first-order logical representation of relations between entities and events in the text and rules to perform inference over such relations, (2) graceful degradation due to the inclusion of abduction in the reasoning engine, which avoids the brittleness that can be problematic in knowledge representation and reasoning systems and (3) system transparency such that the types of abductive inferences made over an entire corpus provide cues as to where the system is performing poorly and indications as to where existing knowledge is inaccurate or new knowledge is required. ABCs, with certain sub-components not yet automated, finds the correct answer phrase nearly 35 percent of the time using a strict evaluation metric and 45 percent of the time using a looser inexact metric on held out evaluation data. Performance varied for the different question types, ranging from over 50 percent on who questions to over 10 percent on what questions. We present analysis of the roles of individual components and analysis of the impact of various characteristics of the abductive proof procedure on overall system performance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Shodikin, Ali. "EFFECT OF LEARNING WITH ABDUCTIVE-DEDUCTIVE STRATEGY TOWARDS THE ACHIEVEMENT OF REASONING ABILITY OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS." Infinity Journal 6, no. 2 (September 12, 2017): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/infinity.v6i2.p111-120.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of learning with abductive-deductive strategy towards the achievement of mathematical reasoning abilities of high school students. Research carried out an experimental pretest-posttest design and the control group was not randomized in class XI student at one high school in Pati, Central Java, Indonesia. Data analysis was conducted quantitative research based on early mathematical ability categories (KAM) and overall. The results showed that the achievement of mathematical reasoning abilities that students acquire learning abductive-deductive strategy better than students who received the expository learning. In more detail of KAM categories, only middle category that show achievement of mathematical reasoning abilities better. While in upper and under categories have the same reasoning abilities achievements. This research is expected teachers can encourage students to do abduction and deduction in the learning achievement of students’ mathematical reasoning abilities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Meyer, Samantha B., and Belinda Lunnay. "The Application of Abductive and Retroductive Inference for the Design and Analysis of Theory-Driven Sociological Research." Sociological Research Online 18, no. 1 (February 2013): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2819.

Full text

Abstract:

Abductive and retroductive inference are innovative tools of analysis which enable researchers to refine and redevelop social theory. This paper describes and demonstrates how to apply these tools to strengthen sociological theory-driven empirical research outputs. To illustrate how abductive and retroductive inference work for the benefit of enhanced qualitative analysis we present the findings of a qualitative study that investigated heart disease patients’ trust in medical professionals (n=37). We outline the research process using a six-stage model developed by Danermark et al. (1997) that will guide researchers doing exploratory research in how to use abductive and retroductive inference in qualitative research design and analysis. A snapshot of the study findings are provided for illustration purposes. The reader will learn how the application of these under-utilized methodological tools provides a novel way of analyzing sociological research.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Kroll, Ehud, and Lauri Koskela. "Explicating concepts in reasoning from function to form by two-step innovative abductions." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 30, no. 2 (April 18, 2016): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060416000020.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe mechanism of design reasoning from function to form is suggested to consist of a two-step inference of the innovative abduction type. First is an inference from a desired functional aspect to an idea, concept, or solution principle to satisfy the function. This is followed by a second innovative abduction, from the latest concept to form, structure, or mechanism. The intermediate entity in the logical reasoning, the concept, is thus made explicit, which is significant in following and understanding a specific design process, for educating designers, and to build a logic-based computational model of design. The idea of a two-step abductive reasoning process is developed from the critical examination of several propositions made by others. We use the notion of innovative abduction in design, as opposed to such abduction where the question is about selecting among known alternatives, and we adopt a previously proposed two-step process of abductive reasoning. However, our model is different in that the two abductions used follow the syllogistic pattern of innovative abduction. In addition to using a schematic example from the literature to demonstrate our derivation, we apply the model to an existing, empirically derived method of conceptual design called “parameter analysis” and use two examples of real design processes. The two synthetic steps of the method are shown to follow the proposed double innovative abduction scheme, and the design processes are presented as sequences of double abductions from function to concept and from concept to form, with a subsequent deductive evaluation step.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Huang, Zhu, Tao Wang, Wei Liu, Luis Valencia-Cabrera, Mario J. Pérez-Jiménez, and Pengpeng Li. "A Fault Analysis Method for Three-Phase Induction Motors Based on Spiking Neural P Systems." Complexity 2021 (January 13, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2087027.

Full text

Abstract:

The fault prediction and abductive fault diagnosis of three-phase induction motors are of great importance for improving their working safety, reliability, and economy; however, it is difficult to succeed in solving these issues. This paper proposes a fault analysis method of motors based on modified fuzzy reasoning spiking neural P systems with real numbers (rMFRSNPSs) for fault prediction and abductive fault diagnosis. To achieve this goal, fault fuzzy production rules of three-phase induction motors are first proposed. Then, the rMFRSNPS is presented to model the rules, which provides an intuitive way for modelling the motors. Moreover, to realize the parallel data computing and information reasoning in the fault prediction and diagnosis process, three reasoning algorithms for the rMFRSNPS are proposed: the pulse value reasoning algorithm, the forward fault prediction reasoning algorithm, and the backward abductive fault diagnosis reasoning algorithm. Finally, some case studies are given, in order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Bajc, Vida. "Abductive Ethnography of Practice in Highly Uncertain Conditions." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 642, no. 1 (June 4, 2012): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716212438197.

Full text

Abstract:

The highly contextual nature of ethnographic inquiry allows a researcher to develop and adjust data collection and analysis to specific social situations. This methodological flexibility also makes it possible to choose for analytic attention specific instances of human activity and experience that show potential to illuminate conceptual issues or alter our theoretical understandings. Theoretically interesting social activity can be identified using Peircean abduction. In the field, the researcher embraces serendipity and intuition. Data analysis begins neither with inductive nor deductive reasoning. By initially disassociating the data from their context, specific theoretical debates, and the experience of data collection in the field, the ethnographer is able to play with the data freely and let this process generate a surprising discovery. This discovery is then articulated through a dialog among insight, contextualized empirical evidence, and theoretical knowledge. Leaving open the possibilities of insight and discovery, abductive ethnography is a strategy of unforeclosed possibilities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Caiata-Zufferey, Maria. "The Abductive Art of Discovery." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 17, no. 1 (January 24, 2018): 160940691775097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406917750973.

Full text

Abstract:

Qualitative analysis requires intuition, imagination, sensitivity, the creative linking of ideas, and a certain degree of luck. Interpreting and making sense of qualitative data have thus often been seen more as an art than a systematic activity. Because of its unstandardized character, the process of interpreting qualitative data has remained insufficiently described. This article looks retrospectively at the interpretation procedures that were used in a recent qualitative study, with the aim of identifying recurring mechanisms and basic conditions of discovery. The study was designed according to the grounded theory approach and dealt with the way unaffected women manage their genetic risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Specifically, this article offers various examples of the analytical reasoning that led to the transformation of observations into intelligible accounts. Based on these examples, the article concludes by identifying and illustrating five key moments in the process of knowledge construction: making a surprising observation, adopting a general principle of meaning, formulating hypotheses, verifying hypotheses, and constructing plausible explanations. These moments are not necessarily sequential but are instead intermingled in a typically abductive way. The complex process of discovery described may provide guidance to qualitative researchers in approaching their data and help them make their interpretative reasoning explicit, thus improving the transparency and credibility of qualitative reports.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Klichowicz, Anja, Sascha Strehlau, Martin RK Baumann, Josef F. Krems, and Agnes Rosner. "Tracing current explanations in memory: A process analysis based on eye-tracking." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 73, no. 10 (June 2, 2020): 1703–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021820922509.

Full text

Abstract:

Sequential abductive reasoning is the process of finding the best explanation for a set of observations. Explanations can be multicausal and require the retrieval of previously found ones from memory. The theory of abductive reasoning (TAR) allows detailed predictions on what information is stored and retrieved from memory during reasoning. In the research to date, however, these predictions have never been directly tested. In this study, we tested process assumptions such as the construction of a mental representation from TAR using memory indexing, an eye-tracking method that makes it possible to trace the retrieval of explanations currently held in working memory. Gaze analysis revealed that participants encode the presented evidence (i.e., observations) together with possible explanations into memory. When new observations are presented, the previously presented evidence and explanations are retrieved. Observations that are not explained immediately are encoded as abstractly explained. Abstract explanations enter a refinement process in which they become concrete before they enter the situation model. With the memory indexing method, we were able to assess the process of information retrieval in abductive reasoning, which was previously believed to be unobservable. We discuss the results in the light of TAR and other current theories on the diagnostic reasoning process.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Gyarmathy, Zsófia, and Daniel Altshuler. "(Non)culmination by abduction." Linguistics 58, no. 5 (November 26, 2020): 1373–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2020-0103.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractRecent literature has aimed to explain (non-)culminating accomplishment inferences, which often involve the perfective aspect, but can also involve the imperfective. The goal of our paper is to explore how these inferences come about with the Hindi perfective and the Russian imperfective. We propose that abduction, that is, inference to the best explanation, is ideally suited for this task. We show how the occurrence of a (non-)culminated event is abduced in the relevant cases based on a semantic analysis which adopts the distinction between culminated and maximal events, as well as a set of non-defeasible rules encoding general mereological principles. We also show how our abductive framework can take into account facts about the conversation. This, among other things, allows us to make more nuanced predictions about what speakers will infer and when, thereby addressing possible worries of overgeneralization that an abductive framework inevitably faces. We end the paper with two outstanding issues warranting further research. First, we raise questions about the nature of (non-)culminating accomplishment inferences, which have previously been taken to be conversational implicatures. Second, we take some preliminary steps towards extending our analysis to defeasible causatives in Germanic and Romance languages.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Gupta, Puneet, Scott D. Stoller, and Zhongyuan Xu. "Abductive Analysis of Administrative Policies in Rule-Based Access Control." IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 11, no. 5 (September 2014): 412–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2013.42.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

El-Alfy, El-Sayed M., and Radwan E. Abdel-Aal. "Construction and analysis of educational tests using abductive machine learning." Computers & Education 51, no. 1 (August 2008): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2007.03.003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Kroll, Ehud, and Lauri Koskela. "Abductive Inferences in Strategic Design Decisions." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 1055–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.111.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe overall strategy of designing is addressed. The design decisions that have a major impact on the direction in which the process evolves are termed “strategic”, and here we study them from the perspective of abduction. The aim is to clarify the role of abduction (in the sense of inference to the best explanation) in strategic decision making in design. Four cases are used for demonstration and discussion: functional decomposition in novel situations; the ordering of subfunctions in a function structure; the order of development of design tasks; and managing the design iterations. We focus on two specific design strategies: systematic design and parameter analysis, and show that strategic abductions often take place within the chosen strategy for the sake of efficiency of the process. Such abductions are often triggered by rules (like focusing first on the issue with greatest uncertainty in the total design task) that derive from Peirce's principle for economy of research. It is found that strategic abductions may have a decisive impact on the outcome of a design process. Two potential ways of improving design strategies and related strategic abductions are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Agarwal, Anurag. "Abductive Networks For Two-Group Classification: A Comparison With Neural Networks." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 15, no. 2 (August 30, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v15i2.5675.

Full text

Abstract:

<span>In this study, a new Artificial Intelligence technique for non-linear mapping called Abductive Networks is used for two-group classification of firms. The results are compared with Neural Networks, another AI technique, which has been shown to perform better than the traditional statistical techniques such as multivariate discriminant analysis and logit. In empirical tests, Abductive Networks perform as well or better than Neural Networks on various criteria of measurement such as Type 1 / Type II accuracy criteria and Distance Between Centroids.</span>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Arieli, O., M. Denecker, B. Van Nuffelen, and M. Bruynooghe. "Coherent Integration of Databases by Abductive Logic Programming." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 21 (March 1, 2004): 245–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1322.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract: We introduce an abductive method for a coherent integration of independent data-sources. The idea is to compute a list of data-facts that should be inserted to the amalgamated database or retracted from it in order to restore its consistency. This method is implemented by an abductive solver, called Asystem, that applies SLDNFA-resolution on a meta-theory that relates different, possibly contradicting, input databases. We also give a pure model-theoretic analysis of the possible ways to `recover' consistent data from an inconsistent database in terms of those models of the database that exhibit as minimal inconsistent information as reasonably possible. This allows us to characterize the `recovered databases' in terms of the `preferred' (i.e., most consistent) models of the theory. The outcome is an abductive-based application that is sound and complete with respect to a corresponding model-based, preferential semantics, and -- to the best of our knowledge -- is more expressive (thus more general) than any other implementation of coherent integration of databases.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Hammersley, Martyn. "Book Review: Iddo Tavory and Stefan Timmermans, Abductive Analysis: Theorizing Qualitative Research." Qualitative Research 16, no. 6 (November 25, 2016): 748–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794115592572.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Stoopendaal, Annemiek, Kor Grit, and Rik Wehrens. "Book Review: Iddo Tavory and Stefan Timmermans, Abductive Analysis: Theorizing Qualitative Research." Qualitative Research 17, no. 1 (January 28, 2017): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794116641484.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Yang, Tung Sheng, Jen Chuan Yeh, and Sheng Yi Chang. "Application of FEM Simulation and Abductive Network to Predict the Springback of U-Shaped Bending Process with Counter Force." Advanced Materials Research 579 (October 2012): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.579.32.

Full text

Abstract:

This study applies the finite element method (FEM) in con-junction with an abductive network to predict springback’s angle during the U-shaped bending process with counter force. To verify the prediction of FEM simulation for springback, the experimental data are compared with the results of current simulation. Bending force, effective stress distribution and springback are investigated for different process parameters, such as profile radius of die, blank holder force and counter force of U-shaped bending process, by finite element analysis. The abductive network is then utilized to synthesize the data sets obtained from numerical simulations. Finally, prediction model is established for predicting springback’s angle under a suitable range of process parameters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Morgan, M., J. L. Bradshaw, J. G. Phillips, J. B. Mattingley, R. Iansek, and J. A. Bradshaw. "Effects of Hand and Age upon Abductive and Adductive Movements: A Kinematic Analysis." Brain and Cognition 25, no. 2 (July 1994): 194–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/brcg.1994.1030.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Yang, Tung Sheng, and Huai Shiun Lu. "Predictions of Springback of Strain-Hardening Material in U-Shaped Bending Process." Key Engineering Materials 419-420 (October 2009): 481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.419-420.481.

Full text

Abstract:

This study applies the finite element method (FEM) in conjunction with an abductive network to predict springback of different strain-hardening material in U-shaped bending process.Springback is investigated for different material parameters, such as strength coefficient of material, strain-hardening exponent and Young’s modulus, by finite element analysis during U-shaped bending process. The abductive network is then applied to synthesize the data sets obtained from the numerical simulations. Prediction results of the springback of different strain-hardening material in U-shaped bending process are consistent with the results obtained from FEM simulation quite well. After employing the predictive model can provide valuable references in prediction of the springback of U-shaped bending process under a suitable range of material parameters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Yang, Tung Sheng, Sheng Yi Chang, and Jian Chang Chou. "Predictions of Scratch Characters for Engineering Material by Using FEM and Abductive Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 232 (November 2012): 659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.232.659.

Full text

Abstract:

Scratch test is mainly used to study mechanical properties of materials near their surface. This study applies the finite element method (FEM) in conjunction with an abductive network to predict the scratch character such as rear contact angle, shape ratio and hardness for strain hardening bulk material of scratch process. To verify the prediction of FEM simulation of scratch process, the experimental data are compared with the results of current simulation. A finite element analysis is also utilized to investigate the material properties on side view contour, rear contact angle, hardness and shape ratio. Additionally, the abductive network was applied to synthesize the data sets obtained from the numerical simulation. The prediction models are then established for the rear contact angle, hardness and shape ratio of nanoscratch process under a suitable range of material parameters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Yang, Tung Sheng, S. Q. Lee, J. Y. Li, and C. Y. Liu. "Prediction of Surface Parameters for Strain Hardening Material of Asperity Flattening in Metal Forming." Materials Science Forum 697-698 (September 2011): 470–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.697-698.470.

Full text

Abstract:

This study applies the finite element method (FEM) in conjunction with an abductive network to predict the surface parameters for strain hardening material of asperity flattening in metal forming process. To verify the prediction of FEM simulation for surface parameters, the experimental data are compared with the results of current simulation. Contact area ratio, surface roughness, skewness and kurtosis are investigated for different process and material parameters, such as normal pressure, bulk strain rate, yielding stress, strength coefficient and strain hardening exponent of surface asperity flattening in metal forming, by finite element analysis. The abductive network is then utilized to synthesize the data sets obtained from numerical simulations, and the prediction model is established for predicting surface parameters. The predicted results of the surface parameters from the prediction model are in good agreement with the results obtained from the FEM simulation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Yang, Tung Sheng, Shuai Qiang Li, and Sheng Yi Chang. "Study on Surface Parameters of Asperity Flattening in Sliding Contact for Metallic Thin Film on Die Material during Metal Forming." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 896–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.896.

Full text

Abstract:

This study applies the finite element method (FEM) in conjunction with an abductive network to predict the workpiece surface parameters, including contact area ratio, surface roughness, skewness and kurtosis, of asperity flattening in sliding contact for metallic thin film on die material during the metal forming process. Contact area ratio, surface roughness, skewness and kurtosis are investigated for different process and material parameters, such as sliding distance, elastic modulus of film, normal pressure and bulk strain rate by finite element analysis. The abductive network is then utilized to synthesize the data sets obtained from numerical simulations, and the prediction model is established for predicting surface parameters. The predicted results of the surface parameters from the prediction model are in good agreement with the results obtained from the FEM simulation of workpiece asperity flattening in sliding contact for metallic thin film on die material.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Abdel-Aal, M., M. Mohamed, R. Smits, R. E. Abdel-Aal, K. De Gussem, A. Schellart, and S. Tait. "Predicting wastewater temperatures in sewer pipes using abductive network models." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 1 (November 22, 2014): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.398.

Full text

Abstract:

A predictive modelling technique was employed to estimate wastewater temperatures in sewer pipes. The simplicity of abductive predictive models attracts large numbers of users due to their minimal computation time and limited number of measurable input parameters. Data measured from five sewer pipes over a period of 12 months provide 33,900 training entries and 39,000 evaluation entries to support the models' development. Two simple predictive models for urban upstream combined sewers and large downstream collector sewers were developed. They delivered good correlation between measured and predicted wastewater temperatures proven by their R2 values of up to 0.98 and root mean square error (RMSE) of the temperature change along the sewer pipe ranging from 0.15 °C to 0.33 °C. Analysis of a number of potential input parameters indicated that upstream wastewater temperature and downstream in-sewer air temperature were the only input parameters that are needed in the developed models to deliver this level of accuracy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Lai, Jingjuan, Hanxiong Chen, and Yuzuru Fujiwara. "An information-base system based on the self-organization of concepts represented by terms." Terminology 3, no. 2 (January 1, 1996): 313–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.3.2.05lai.

Full text

Abstract:

Since multimedia information is complicated inform and vast in amount, conventional database-management systems or knowledge-base-management systems are hardly appropriate to store, manage, and utilize expertise effectively. A new type of information model is developed according to an analysis of the information used by specialists for research and development, and a prototype information-management system is implemented. The system consists of three parts: (1) flexible storage without special constraints on format and representation; (2) self-organization of terms by extracting semantic relationships among them; and (3) advanced utilization functions such as analogical reasoning, inductive inference, abductive inference, as well as information retrieval, numerical calculation, and deductive inference. Thesauri which are automatically compiled and refined are used as conceptual structures of the information. Thus obtained, conceptual structures can be used for sophisticated applications, including analogical reasoning, induction, and abduction. The principle of open-world reasoning and an algorithm of analogy are developed. An example of practical application to polymer information is presented.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

KIM, Hee-Yeon, Beodeul KANG, and Pyoung-Kil YOO. "A Study on Analysis of Elementary School Students' Perception on Science Classes Using Abductive Strategies." Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education 28, no. 5 (October 31, 2016): 1492–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.13000/jfmse.2016.28.5.1492.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Yang, Tung Sheng, and Tsung Hsien Yang. "Predictions of Maximum Forging Load and Effective Stress for Strain-Hardening Material of near Net-Shape Helical Gear Forging." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 894–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.894.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, the use of the finite element method in conjunction with abductive network is presented to predict the maximum forging force and effective stress for strain-hardening material during near net-shape helical forging. The maximum forging load and effective stress are influenced by the material properties such as yielding stress, strength coefficient and strain hardening exponent. A finite element method is used to investigate the clamping-type forging of helical gear. In order to verify the prediction of FEM simulation for forging load, the experimental data are compared with the results of current simulation. A finite element analysis is also utilized to investigate the material properties on forging load and maximum effective stress. Additionally, the abductive network was applied to synthesize the data sets obtained from the numerical simulation. The prediction models are then established for the maximum forging load and maximum effective stress of near net-shape helical gear forging under a suitable range of material parameters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Ong, Beng Kok. "Grounded Theory Method (GTM) and the Abductive Research Strategy (ARS): a critical analysis of their differences." International Journal of Social Research Methodology 15, no. 5 (September 2012): 417–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2011.607003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Wu, Amery D., Jake E. Stone, and Yan Liu. "Developing a Validity Argument Through Abductive Reasoning with an Empirical Demonstration of the Latent Class Analysis." International Journal of Testing 16, no. 1 (September 18, 2015): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15305058.2015.1057826.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Eastwood, John, Lynn Kemp, and Bin Jalaludin. "Each Is in Different Circumstances Anyway." SAGE Open 6, no. 4 (October 2016): 215824401667686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244016676863.

Full text

Abstract:

We present here a realist multilevel situational analysis of maternal depression. We use situational analysis to identify the interaction of mothers with social structures and the possible causal influence of those social structures on her well-being. The analysis moves from an emergent empirical approach toward the more reflexive and abductive approach of situational analysis, thus better informing our abductive reasoning and the generation of theory. Critical realism and symbolic interactionism provide the methodological underpinning for the study. The setting was South Western Sydney, Australia. Interviews of mothers and practitioners were analyzed using open coding to enable maximum emergence. Situational analysis was then undertaken using situational and social worlds/arena maps. Home and neighborhood situational analysis mapping and analysis of relations identified the following concepts: (a) expectations and dreams, (b) marginalization and being alone, (c) loss or absence of power and control, and (d) support and nurturing. The neighborhood and macro-arena situational analysis mapping and analysis of relations identified the following concepts: (a) social support networks, social cohesion and social capital; (b) services planning and delivery and social policy; and (c) global economy, business, and media. Emerging was the centrality of being alone and expectations lost as possible triggers of stress and depression within circumstances where media portrays expectations of motherhood that are shattered by reality and social marginalization. We further observe that powerful global economic and political forces are having an impact on the local situations. The challenge for policy and practice is to support families within this adverse regional and global economic context.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Burget, Mirjam, Emanuele Bardone, Margus Pedaste, and Katrin Saage. "SCIENCE TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THE EMERGENCE OF RESPONSIBLE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SCHOOL." Journal of Baltic Science Education 17, no. 4 (August 20, 2018): 590–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/18.17.590.

Full text

Abstract:

Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has recently gained wider importance in the European Union (EU) as an emergent framework informing the governance of science. While a growing body of literature describing RRI and its main conceptual dimensions has appeared in the last seven years or so and in several policy documents, the European Commission has emphasized the need to promote science education in the RRI context, there is no theoretical elaboration of how RRI can be meaningfully integrated into the practice of science education. In order to address this problem, the present research aimed at inquiring into the way in which science teachers make sense of RRI in school. Data were gathered with individual semi-structured interviews from 29 science teachers working in comprehensive schools and hobby schools. Abductive content analysis combining data and conceptual dimensions of RRI was used. In the light of how the science teachers in our sample have made sense of RRI, four theoretical categories have emerged: (1) meaning making; (2) taking action; (3) exploring; and (4) inclusion. These findings have important implications for developing a theory of RRI which can be beneficial for researchers as well as teachers for meaningfully integrating RRI into science education. Keywords: abductive content analysis, responsibility as care, Responsible Research and Innovation, science education, science teacher.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Ratna Juwita, Nivia Putri, Atiqa Sabardila, and Markhamah Markhamah. "UTILIZATION OF FILM GENRE AS PRIOR TEXT STUDY IN TITLE WRITING OF STUDENT CREATIVITY PROGRAM." Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) 4, no. 2 (October 12, 2020): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/lire.v4i2.86.

Full text

Abstract:

This study aims to describe the relationship of intertextuality between the titles of the Student Creativity Program (SCP) with film genres. This research is in the form of qualitative descriptive research that is naturalistic in character. The data source used in this study originates from 5 fields of SCP funded in 2018. Data collection is performed in the form of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences through document study. Observation and note-taking techniques are utilized to collect data. The method of data analysis uses translational identity, referential identity, and abductive inferences. The referential identity method is used to identify the relationship of intertextuality in the writing of the SCP titles and film genres. An intertextual study is carried out comprehensively, by finding similarities and differences between the two. Furthermore, the abductive inferences method is utilized to draw conclusions. The data validity test uses theory triangulation. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that the relationship of intertextuality contained in the SCP titles involves three film genres: (1) animation; (2) drama; and (3) horror. The results of this study indicate that the use of film genres of animation and drama genres as reference texts has high appeal in the writing of the titles of SCP

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Sastre, Raquel. "The Meaning of Work. A Semiotic Perspective for a Cross Cultural Analysis." Journal of Intercultural Management 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/joim-2018-0004.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective: to compare the meaning of work for three different samples of people working in private companies and in the public sector in one hand, and living in two different countries: Argentina and the Canary Islands. Methodology: original semiotics-based methodology Findings: most of the variables that were ranked in the top three average results match in all three samples; Canarians and Argentineans have a different perspective about the State’s role; Canarian workers prefer social relationships over economic and security aspects while Argentineans prefer job stability due to a job insecurity context in the country. Value Added: the new methodology helps in organizing thought using abductive logic. It helps understanding the meaning of complex phenomena. Recommendations: it may be useful for managers and researchers in the area of Management for creating creative answers and solutions through the analysis of facts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Yang, Tung Sheng, and Yu Liang Chang. "Application of FEM and Abductive Network to Determine Forging Force and Billet Dimensions of Near Net-Shape Helical Bevel Gear Forging." Materials Science Forum 920 (April 2018): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.920.205.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, the use of the finite element method in conjunction with abductive network is presented to predict the maximum forging force and the volume of billet during near net-shape helical bevel gear forging. The maximum forging load and volume of billet are influenced by the process parameters such as modules, number of teeth, and die temperature. A finite element method is used to investigate the forging of helical bevel gear. In order to verify the prediction of FEM simulation for forging load, the experimental data are compared with the results of current simulation. A finite element analysis is also utilized to investigate the process parameters on forging load and volume of billet. Additionally, the abductive network was applied to synthesize the data sets obtained from the numerical simulation. The prediction models are then established for the maximum forging load and volume of billet of near net-shape helical bevel gear forging under a suitable range of process parameters. After the predictions of the maximum forging force and the volume of billet, the optimum of the power of forging machine and the dimensions of billet are determined.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Abdel-Aal, R. E., and M. Raashid. "Using Abductive Machine Learning for Online Vibration Monitoring of Turbo Molecular Pumps." Shock and Vibration 6, no. 5-6 (1999): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/560297.

Full text

Abstract:

Turbo molecular vacuum pumps constitute a critical component in many accelerator installations, where failures can be costly in terms of both money and lost beam time. Catastrophic failures can be averted if prior warning is given through a continuous online monitoring scheme. This paper describes the use of modern machine learning techniques for online monitoring of the pump condition through the measurement and analysis of pump vibrations. Abductive machine learning is used for modeling the pump status as ‘good’ or ‘bad’ using both radial and axial vibration signals measured close to the pump bearing. Compared to other statistical methods and neural network techniques, this approach offers faster and highly automated model synthesis, requiring little or no user intervention. Normalized 50-channel spectra derived from the low frequency region (0–10 kHz) of the pump vibration spectra provided data inputs for model development. Models derived by training on only 10 observations predict the correct value of the logical pump status output with 100% accuracy for an evaluation population as large as 500 cases. Radial vibration signals lead to simpler models and smaller errors in the computed value of the status output. Performance is comparable with literature data on a similar diagnosis scheme for compressor valves using neural networks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Chan, Mei Lan. "An Explicit Pragmatic Approach to Integrative Data Analysis Strategies for Mixed Methods Research." International Journal of Linguistics 9, no. 3 (June 26, 2017): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v9i3.11246.

Full text

Abstract:

Mixed methods research is becoming an important methodology for the investigation of various topics in applied linguistics. However, data integration remains a challenge for mixed methods researchers and thus needs further development. This study discusses the integrative data analysis strategies used in an embedded mixed methods study in applied linguistics, illustrated through two phases of the study, and the way in which the adoption of a pragmatic approach explicitly aids data integration by abductive reflection on the knowledge acquired. This study investigated the language learning strategies used by English as a Foreign Language nursing students in higher education in Macao, and the effectiveness of the students’ learning outcomes as a result of strategy instruction. Six integrative data analysis strategies are discussed, and the explicit pragmatic approach that guided the exploratory sequential design sheds further light on the integrative data analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

FITZHUGH, KIRK. "The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses." Zootaxa 1145, no. 1 (March 10, 2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1145.1.1.

Full text

Abstract:

The formal structure of the inference of a phylogenetic hypothesis is analyzed in the context of the different classes of reasoning applied in all fields of science. Rather than making the traditional distinction between deductive and inductive reasoning, it is shown that phylogenetic hypotheses are derived from a form of non-deductive inference commonly known as abduction. In making distinctions between abductive, deductive, and inductive inferences, the relationships between the origins of hypotheses and their testing become apparent. Abduction serves to provide explanatory hypotheses as tentative answers to specifiable causal questions. It is by way of deduction that specific potential test consequences are determined, whereas induction sensu stricto characterizes the act of carrying out a particular test. The formal structure of phylogenetic inference as a form of abduction is presented. Significant implications arise in recognizing that phylogenetic hypotheses are the products of abductive inference. The most apparent of these are that the distinctions between parsimony and likelihood as methodological criteria are unfounded. Parsimony refers to the relation between a causal question(s) and the hypothesis that serves as an answer for that question(s), whereas likelihood refers to the relation between the evidence as premises and the hypothesis allowed by those premises. The consequence is that parsimony has logical priority over likelihood in abduction, such that the likelihood of any hypothesis is maximized in the event that a causal theory of descent with modification is applied as fully as possible to observed shared similarities. In contrast, the application of rate-dependent theories, under the guise of maximum likelihood, are at odds with observations of shared similarities among two or more species and the causal questions regarding such observations; any rate-dependent theory only pertains to effects that are only tokogenetic in scope, not phylogenetic (sensu Hennig 1966). In recognizing phylogenetic hypotheses as answers to causal questions, the popular conception of testing such hypotheses by the introduction of new characters is incorrect. New character distributions cannot be deduced from a cladogram since such a structure only has causal relevance to the characters for which the hypothesis was inferred. The proper testing of a phylogenetic hypothesis requires the deduction of specific consequences as closely related as possible to the specified causal events of character origins and fixation, and subsequent speciation events. Such consequences must be effects that are independent of the class of effects the hypothesis was intended to explain, i.e., character data. As a result, effects that stand as legitimate potential test evidence are those effects that best support the different sets of causal events presented in the hypothesis. Problems with the popular applications of support indices, as offered by the bootstrap, jackknife, and permutation tests, are discussed. The main problem with these techniques is that they are only useful for testing statistical hypotheses, not explanatory hypotheses. Similarly, Bremer support analysis cannot provide indications of clade support because it is empirically meaningless to compare cladograms of different length, as each hypothesis only has relevance to the respective observations it explains.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Lin, Hai. "A Novel Method for Model Based Diagnosis Using Case Based Reasoning." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 2581–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.2581.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, we propose a method for model based diagnosis using case based reasoning. This method can effectively use results from previous diagnosis, other than do everything from scratch. According to our analysis, this method has lower time complexity than other methods. People have attempted to use case based reasoning to do abductive diagnosis. We propose a better mechanism for case based reasoning and model based diagnosis to interact with each other so that it can be used for diagnosis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Lichański, Jakub Z. "About the hypothetical source of fake news: apagogical reasoning in the interpretation of work by Quintus Cornificius’ Rhetorica ad Herennium." Kształcenie Językowe 18 (March 4, 2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1642-5782.18(28).2.

Full text

Abstract:

In the work of Quintus Cornificius Rhetorica ad Herennium (CORN., II.25.39) we encounter arguments that are considered flawed by the Roman rhetorician but resemble apagogical arguments. The article is devoted to the analysis of this fragment of deliberations from Rhetorica ad Herennium. The author shows that they can be considered both as quasi-enthymematic reasoning and as an imperfect form of apagogical reasoning and maybe also abductive reasoning. This type of reasoning, according to the researcher, is one of the possible sources of fake news.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Skačkauskienė, Ilona, and Jurga Vestertė. "TASKS FOR SERVICE MODULARIZATION PLANNING." Business: Theory and Practice 21, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 813–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/btp.2020.12776.

Full text

Abstract:

Service modularization is gaining increasing attention from scholars and practitioners. However, it must be noted that the essence of service modularization is still not well understood, and its purposefulness of practical application has not yet been well explored. This conceptual paper presents the results of ongoing research addressing service modularization planning issues. The study examines the relationships between the premises and the outcomes of service modularisation. Based on the obtained results, the authors provide the purpose statement for service modularisation. Further, the work outlines the activities that are critical to planning as a management function, analyses their content in the context of service modularization, and identifies the problems that require management decisions. The paper employs comparative analysis, systemic analysis, abstraction, synthesis, abductive reasoning for achieving the research results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Haryanti, Eka. "KOALISI MASYARAKAT LOKAL PRIBUMI GUGAT AMNT : ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS." Jurnal TAMBORA 4, no. 1 (February 21, 2020): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36761/jt.v4i1.572.

Full text

Abstract:

Every choice of meaning is ideologically motivated. Ideology is most effective when the work is not visible. Interpreting ideology in the text can be seen from the choice of vocabulary and grammatical construction. To analyze it we need to interpret not only the text but also the relationship between the text, and its social conditions. According to Fairclough, they can be grouped into three stages, namely description, interpretation and explanation. Stages of description relate to the formal nature of texts, interpretations relating to the relationship between texts and their interactions, explanations relating to the relationship between interpretations and social context.To analyze data using referential methods, substitution methods and abductive inference methods. The referential method is to analyze the system of assessment and discourse intertextuality of texts. To carry out an analysis of a valid grading system a substitution method is needed. Then the abductive inference method is needed to analyze the relationship between texts.From the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that each media has its own way of expressing its ideology. Ideology has closed the relationship with the target market that is the reader. Rungan Samawa is an online place for Sumbawa people, the news is very clear and concise, with a sharp choice of vocabulary, all related to the genre of news they have. The Case of the Local Indigenous Community Coalition Sued Amnt is a form of concern for the Samawa people who are all over the world.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Malakhov, O. A., I. V. Levanova, S. E. Kralina, V. D. Sharpar', O. A. Malakhov, I. V. Levanova, S. E. Kralina, and V. D. Sharpar. "Mistakes and Complications in Conservative Treatmen of Congenital Hip Dislocation in Children." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 10, no. 4 (December 15, 2003): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto200310428-33.

Full text

Abstract:

Retrospective analysis of treatment of 183 patients, aged 1 month-18 months, with congenital hip dislocation was performed. 146 patients had failed hip reduction. It was detected that in 134 cases (91.8%) inadequate treatment and/or wrong management and behavior of parents took place. Failed treatment with Frejka pillow, abductive splint, Pavlic device, functional plaster bandage, closed reduction were considered. Main mistakes in application of those methods as well as violation of treatment tactics were described. It was shown that repeated failed femoral head reductions were unfavorable factors for the following development of hip joint.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Bisogni, Felice, Francesca Dolcetti, and Stefano Pirrotta. "Emotional textual analysis as a semiotic action–research method to work with emotions within organisations." Twentieth Anniversary Special Issue 21, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 152–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33212/osd.v21n1.2021.152.

Full text

Abstract:

This article aims to contribute to the special issue for the twentieth anniversary of the Organisational and Social Dynamics journal presenting a semiotic action–research method called emotional textual analysis (ETA). ETA, developed in Italy by the Studio of Psychosociology and the Chair of Clinical Psychology at Sapienza University of Rome, is an explorative abductive method that consents to analyse how the organisation symbolically interacts with its context. In ETA methodology the interdependence between the organisational system and the client system is considered as the product of socially shared emotional cultures. This article describes the theoretical and methodological foundation of the ETA method and presents the results of a recent action–research project carried out by the authors within a National Health System organisation. In the conclusion, the added value of using ETA to work with organisations facing contextual changes in the current historical period is discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Abductive analysis'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles