Academic literature on the topic 'Abilité dynamique'

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Journal articles on the topic "Abilité dynamique"

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Lu, Hai Tao, Wei Bing Li, Xiao Ming Wang, Wen Bin Li, and Chun Chen. "Study on Damage Ability of Anti-Armor Composite Warhead." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.395.

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To improve the damage ability of the hollow-charge warhead, and the utilization of the dynamite, added the prefabricated fragments at the circumferential of the shaped warhead, used the finite element software to calculate the influence of different prefabricated fragments, different shell structure on warhead's EFP and fragments performance, and also the penetration capability of them. The results show that: the performance of the damage elements formed by this anti-armor composite warhead are very well, it can damage the armored vehicles, ships and other targets, the sphere fragment can penetrate 12mm thick armor steel in 60m, and damage personnel in the 240m, EFP can penetrate the armor steel more than 0.5 times of the charge's diameter, this research can provide reference for the further research on multi-using warhead.
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M. Anobla, Adingra Odette Marie, and Justin Kassi N’Dja. "Dynamique De La Végétation De Bamo Et Stocks De Carbone Dans La Mosaïque De Végétation." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 18 (June 29, 2016): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n18p359.

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This study was conducted in Agboville, Ivory Coast. The objective was (1) to characterize the floristic composition, dynamics, and structure of tree diversity of postcultural fallows; and (2) establish the relationship between the diversity and storage of carbon in timber biomass. The study relied on a network of 50 temporary plots. There were 31 postcultural fallows and 19 plots of primary forest. This study has identified 417 plant species distributed in 306 genera and 83 families. Tree density within postcultural fallows varied between 1025 to 5975 stems / ha, and the analysis showed that the density increases with the age of the postcultural fallows. Tree sampling was non-destructive and to estimate C storage, an allomectric models for above and belowground biomasses was used. Mean estimate of carbon (C) stocks in biomass were 80.25 tC / ha for groupe A (fallows from 4 to 8 years) and 256.5 tC / ha for group D (fallows from 14 to 24 years). These values remain far below those seen in the groups of primary forests with lateritic soil (1335.25 tC / ha). Results showed the ability of some postcultural fallows to store much C. It demonstrated that storage depends mainly on age and conserved species. This supports the idea of employing REDD+ processes in enhancing the ecological value associated with carbon.
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Zeroulou, Zaïha. "Transgressions d’immigrés pour l’accès à d’autres « places » dans la société." Voix Plurielles 12, no. 2 (December 12, 2015): 282–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/vp.v12i2.1288.

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Prendre la décision d’émigrer est un acte de transgression qui implique des processus de rupture, de remise en cause des normes traditionnelles. L’émigration déclenche une dynamique de transgressions plurielles qui met en jeu les capacités à agir des immigrés pour s’émanciper du groupe d’origine et réaliser le rêve «d’une vie autre» ailleurs. S’appropriant l’héritage parental des «compétences d’émigration», les enfants s’inscrivent dans la continuité en refusant la «condition immigrée». Fortement diplômés, ils occupent des «places» socialement valorisées. Immigrant transgression allowing access to other « roles » in society Abstract: Deciding to emigrate is an act of transgression that involves breaking away and challenging traditional norms. Emigrating triggers a multiple transgressions dynamic that jeopardizes the immigrants' ability to cut off ties with their group of origin and to realize the dream of “another life” elsewhere. Children appropriate the parental legacy of “emigration skills” which they are perpetuating by refusing the “immigrant condition”. Highly qualified, they occupy socially valued “roles”.
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Ramstein, Gilles, Adeline Fabre, Sophie Pinot, Catherine Ritz, and Sylvie Joussaume. "Ice-sheet mass balance during the last glacial maximum." Annals of Glaciology 25 (1997): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026030550001394x.

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In the framework of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP), simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) have- been performed. More than 10 different atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) have been used with the same boundary conditions: sea-surface temperatures prescribed by CLIMAP (1981), ice-sheet reconstruction provided by Peltier (1994), change in insolation, and reduced CO2 content. One of the major questions is to investigate whether the simulations of the LGM are in equilibrium with the prescribed ice-sheet reconstruction. To answer this question, we have used two different approaches. First, we analyze the results of a sel of LGM simulations performed with different versions of the Laboratoire de Meteorolo-gie Dynamique (LMD) AGCM and study the hydrologic and snow- budgets over the Laurcntide and Fennoscandian ice sheets. Second, we use the AGCM outputs to force an ice-sheet model in order to investigate its ability to maintain the ice sheets as reconstructed by CLIMAP (1981) or Peltier (1994).
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Ramstein, Gilles, Adeline Fabre, Sophie Pinot, Catherine Ritz, and Sylvie Joussaume. "Ice-sheet mass balance during the last glacial maximum." Annals of Glaciology 25 (1997): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s026030550001394x.

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In the framework of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP), simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) have- been performed. More than 10 different atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) have been used with the same boundary conditions: sea-surface temperatures prescribed by CLIMAP (1981), ice-sheet reconstruction provided by Peltier (1994), change in insolation, and reduced CO2 content. One of the major questions is to investigate whether the simulations of the LGM are in equilibrium with the prescribed ice-sheet reconstruction. To answer this question, we have used two different approaches. First, we analyze the results of a sel of LGM simulations performed with different versions of the Laboratoire de Meteorolo-gie Dynamique (LMD) AGCM and study the hydrologic and snow- budgets over the Laurcntide and Fennoscandian ice sheets. Second, we use the AGCM outputs to force an ice-sheet model in order to investigate its ability to maintain the ice sheets as reconstructed by CLIMAP (1981) or Peltier (1994).
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Verma, S., O. Boucher, M. S. Reddy, S. K. Deb, H. C. Upadhyaya, P. Le Van, F. S. Binkowski, and O. P. Sharma. "Tropospheric distribution of sulphate aerosol mass and number concentration during INDOEX-IFP and its transport over the Indian Ocean: a GCM study." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2005): 395–436. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-5-395-2005.

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Abstract. An interactive sulphate aerosol chemistry module has been incorporated in the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique General Circulation Model (LMD-GCM) to simulate the sulphur chemistry during the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) Intensive Field Phase-1999 (INDOEX-IFP). The originality of this module is its ability to predict particle mass and number concentration for the Aitken and accumulation modes. The model qualitatively reproduces the spatial patterns of observations on sulphate aerosol during INDOEX. On the basis of size distribution retrieved from the observations made along the cruise route during 1998 and 1999, the model successfully simulates the order of magnitude and the general north-south gradient in aerosol number concentration. The result shows the southward migration of minimum concentrations, which follows ITCZ (Inter Tropical Convergence Zone) migration. Sulphate surface concentration during INDOEX-IFP at Kaashidhoo (73.46° E, 4.96° N) gives an agreement within a factor of 2 to 3. Predicted sulphate aerosol optical depth (AOD) matches reasonably with measured values, indicating the capability of this model to predict the vertically integrated column sulphate burden. The Indian contribution to estimated sulphate burden over India is more than 60% with values upto 40% over the Arabian Sea.
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Salami, Eniola, and Bonnie Lashewicz. "MORE THAN MEETS THE EYE: RELATIONAL AUTONOMY AND DECISION-MAKING BY ADULTS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 32, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v32i2.4683.

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In Canadian law, the concept of autonomy is individualistic in nature, manifest as the capacity, or legal ability of an individual to actively understand the purpose and consequences of their actions according to whether they have faculties to comprehend and weigh risks and benefits. Feminist scholars critique such conceptualizations of autonomy and, instead, argue the importance of “relational autonomy” which is predicated on the view that actions result from one’s own volition in combination with the influence of one’s social and relational connections. In this paper, we examine the dynamics and implications of relational autonomy in decision-making by adults with developmental disabilities by studying adults with developmental disabilities in interaction with their caregiving family members. Our purpose is to contribute understandings of how and in what ways family caregiving relational contexts both support and hinder decision-making by adults with developmental disabilities. We begin with an overview of conceptualizations and applications of autonomy, then illustrate relational autonomy dynamics through comparative analysis of data from two women with developmental disabilities who were interviewed together with their family caregivers about successes and struggles in giving and receiving care and making decisions. These two women, and their family caregivers (N=9) are selected from a larger sample of adults with developmental disabilities and their family caregivers (N = 26) because the contrasts, as well as the similarities, between their family care situations are striking, and taken together, illustrate a range of ways in which decision-making is supported and hindered. We conclude by upholding the importance of relational autonomy for legal understandings of decision-making, yet we caution that critical examination of relationship dynamics is vital. En droit canadien, le concept de l’autonomie est un concept individualiste de par sa nature et est perçu comme l’aptitude, physique ou juridique, d’une personne à comprendre activement l’objet et les conséquences de ses actes en fonction de la question de savoir si elle possède les facultés voulues pour apprécier et soupeser les risques et les avantages en jeu. Des universitaires féministes critiquent ces conceptualisations de l’autonomie et mettent plutôt l’accent sur l’importance de l’« autonomie relationnelle », qui repose sur l’interaction entre la volonté de la personne et l’influence de ses contacts sociaux et relationnels. Dans le présent document, nous nous penchons sur la dynamique et sur les incidences de l’autonomie relationnelle dans les décisions que prennent les adultes handicapés en étudiant l’interaction d’adultes handicapés avec leurs aidants familiaux. Notre but est de favoriser une meilleure compréhension de la mesure dans laquelle les contextes relationnels dans lesquels se trouvent les aidants familiaux peuvent à la fois appuyer et entraver le processus de prise de décisions chez les adultes handicapés. Après avoir présenté un bref aperçu des conceptualisations et des applications de l’autonomie, nous illustrons la dynamique de l’autonomie relationnelle au moyen d’une analyse comparative de données provenant de deux femmes handicapées qui ont été interrogées ainsi que leurs aidants familiaux au sujet des défis et des réussites liés à la prestation et à la réception de soins et à la prise de décisions. Ces deux femmes et leurs aidants familiaux (N=9) ont été choisis à partir d’un plus grand échantillon d’adultes handicapés et de leurs aidants familiaux (N=26), parce que les contrastes, tout comme les similitudes, entre leurs situations sont frappants et que, examinées ensemble, ces données illustrent différentes façons dont la prise de décisions est appuyée et entravée. Nous concluons en insistant sur l’importance de l’autonomie relationnelle pour la compréhension des aspects juridiques de la prise de décisions, tout en soulignant qu’un examen critique de la dynamique des relations est vital.
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Wasiołek, Barbara. "Innowacyjne rozwiązania banków w zakresie płatności mobilnych w Polsce." Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace, no. 2 (November 26, 2017): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/kkessip.2017.2.9.

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Social and economic changes in Poland force commercial banks to face new challenges. Fierce international competition forces them to search for new ways of increasing their competitiveness. Flexibility and responsiveness to the rapidly changing needs and expectations of customers seem to be a prerequisite for main- taining the market position and building competitive advantage. This reąuires banks to develop an ability to introduce changes such as innovative financial Solutions. The widespread presence of the Internet combined with dynamie development of payment services opens new possibilities for application of innovations in mobile payments. One of the examples of applying innovative Solutions in the sector of financial services is the launching of the BLIK mobile payments system
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Schneider, Stefan, Yong Wang, Wolfgang Wagner, and Jean-Francois Mahfouf. "Impact of ASCAT Soil Moisture Assimilation on Regional Precipitation Forecasts: A Case Study for Austria." Monthly Weather Review 142, no. 4 (March 27, 2014): 1525–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-12-00311.1.

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Abstract In this study, remotely sensed soil moisture data from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) on board the Meteorological Operational (MetOp) series of satellites are assimilated in the regional forecasting model, Aire Limitée Adaptation Dynamique Développement International (ALADIN-Austria), using a simplified extended Kalman filter. A pointwise bias correction method is applied to the ASCAT data as well as quality flags prepared by the data provider. The ASCAT assimilation case study is performed over central Europe during a 1-month period in July 2009. Forecasts of those assimilation experiments are compared to the control run provided by the operational ALADIN version of the Austrian Met Service, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (ZAMG). Forecasts are furthermore verified versus in situ data. For a single-day case study the ability of the approach to improve precipitation forecast quality in the presence of high impact weather is demonstrated. Results show that 1) based on a one station in situ data evaluation, soil moisture analysis is improved, compared to the operational analysis, when ASCAT soil moisture data is assimilated; 2) pointwise bias correction of the satellite data is beneficial for forecast quality; 3) screen level parameter forecasts can be slightly improved as a result of this approach; and 4) convective precipitation forecast is improved over flatland for the investigation period while over mountainous regions the impact is neutral.
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Castebrunet, H., P. Martinerie, C. Genthon, and E. Cosme. "A three-dimensional model study of methanesulphonic acid to non sea salt sulphate ratio at mid and high-southern latitudes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 4 (July 13, 2009): 14995–5043. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-14995-2009.

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Abstract. The Antarctic and sub-Antarctic methanesulphonic acid (MSA) to non sea salt sulphate (nssSO4) ratio is simulated with the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Atmospheric General Circulation Model including an atmospheric sulphur chemistry module. Spatial variations of the MSA/nssSO4 ratio in different regions have been suggested to be mostly dependent on temperature or sulphur source contributions. Its past variations in ice cores have been interpreted as related to the DMS precursor source location. Our model results are compared with available field measurements in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions. This suggests that the MSA/nssSO4 ratio in the extra-tropical south hemisphere is mostly dependent on the relative importance of various DMS oxidation pathways. In order to evaluate the effect of a rapid conversion of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) into MSA, not implemented in the model, the MSA+DMSO to nssSO4 ratio is also discussed. Using this modified ratio, the model mostly captures the seasonal variations of MSA/nssSO4 at mid and high-southern latitudes. In addition, the model qualitatively reproduces the bell shaped meridional variations of the ratio, which is highly dependent on the adopted relative reaction rates for the DMS+OH addition and abstraction pathways, and on the assumed reaction products of the MSIA+OH reaction. MSA/nssSO4 ratio in Antarctic snow is fairly well reproduced except at the most inland sites characterized with very low snow accumulation rates. Our results also suggest that atmospheric chemistry plays an important role in the observed decrease of the ratio in snow between coastal regions and central Antarctica. The still insufficient understanding of the DMS oxidation scheme limits our ability to model the MSA/nssSO4 ratio. Specifically, reaction products of the MSIA+OH reaction should be better quantified, and the impact of a fast DMSO conversion to MSA in spring to fall over Antarctica should be evaluated. Direct measurements of MSA and nssSO4 dry deposition velocities on Antarctic snow would improve our ability to model MSA and nssSO4 in ice cores.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Abilité dynamique"

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Gonzalez, Karen. "contribution à l'étude des processus Markoviens déterministes par morceaux. Etude d'un cas-test de la sûreté de fonctionnement et Problème d'arrêt optimal à horizon aléatoire." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00938591.

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Les Processus Markoviens D eterministes par Morceaux (PDMP) ont et e introduits dans la litt erature par M.H.A Davis comme une classe g en erale de mod eles stochastiques. Les PDMP forment une famille de processus markoviens qui d ecrivent une trajectoire d eterministe ponctu ee par des sauts al eatoires. Dans une premi ere partie, les PDMP sont utilis es pour calculer des probabilit es d' ev enements redout es pour un cas-test de la abilit e dynamique (le r eservoir chau e) par deux m ethodes num eriques di erentes : la premi ere est bas ee sur la r esolution du syst eme di erentiel d ecrivant l' evolution physique du r eservoir et la seconde utilise le calcul de l'esp erance de la fonctionnelle d'un PDMP par un syst eme d' equations int egro-di erentielles. Dans la seconde partie, nous proposons une m ethode num erique pour approcher la fonction valeur du probl eme d'arr^et optimal pour un PDMP. Notre approche est bas ee sur la quanti cation de la position apr es saut et le temps inter-sauts de la chaî ne de Markov sous-jacente au PDMP, et la discr etisation en temps adapt ee a la trajectoire du processus. Ceci nous permet d'obtenir une vitesse de convergence de notre sch ema num erique et de calculer un temps d'arrêt epsilon-optimal.
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Arseneau, Louise. "Créativité et gestion du stress en situation d'apprentissage : une étude exploratoire de leur dynamique auprès de chercheurs universitaires /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1990. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Gerges, Joseph. "Numerical study of the physical factors responsible for the ability to vitrify / crystallize of model materials of pharmaceutical interest." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10119/document.

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La cristallisation se décompose en deux étapes principales de nucléation et de croissance au cours desquelles les mêmes ingrédients physiques apparaissent: i) la mobilité moléculaire, ii) la différence d’énergie libre de Gibbs entre l’état liquide et cristallin et iii) l’énergie libre d’interface entre le liquide et le cristal. La connaissance de ces paramètres couplée à l’utilisation d’approches théoriques comme la théorie classique de la nucléation et certains modèles de croissance (continue, 2d, dislocation vis) peut fournir a priori une estimation de la facilité d’un matériau à cristalliser ou pas. La détermination expérimentale de l’énergie libre d’interface représente un vrai défi. La modélisation moléculaire offre une alternative intéressante pour pallier cette difficulté. Au cours de ce travail, à l’aide de simulations de dynamique moléculaire nous avons déterminé les principaux paramètres impliqués dans la nucléation et la croissance de différents matériaux: des systèmes atomiques modèles de type Lennard-Jones et des systèmes moléculaires d’intérêt pharmaceutique. Ces investigations nous ont permis d’analyser les tendances à la cristallisation de ces matériaux et notamment de souligner le rôle fondamental de l’énergie libre d’interface. Dans le cas des matériaux pharmaceutiques, les valeurs de l'énergie libre d’interface à la température de fusion ont été déterminées pour la première fois. Le recouvrement des zones de nucléation et de croissance qui sont particulièrement bien reproduites a été étudié. Cette analyse permet de comprendre l’origine qui était jusqu’à présent mal comprise de la cristallisation préférentielle de certains polymorphes métastables
The crystallization occurs in general in two steps of nucleation and growth during which the same fundamental factors appear: i) the molecular mobility, ii) the difference in the Gibbs free energy between the liquid and the crystalline states and iii) the interfacial free energy between the liquid and the solid. The knowledge of these parameters coupled with theoretical approaches like the classical nucleation theory and some growth models (normal, 2d, screw dislocation) can provide an estimation of the ability of a material to crystallize or not. The experimental determination of the interfacial free energy presents a real challenge. Molecular modeling offers a very interesting alternative to overcome this challenge. In this work, by means of molecular dynamic simulations, we determined the main factors involved in the nucleation and the growth of different materials: model Lennard-Jones atomic systems and molecular systems having a pharmaceutical interest. Those investigations enabled us to analyze the crystallization tendency of these materials and especially emphasis the role of the crystal-liquid interfacial free energy. In the case of the pharmaceutical materials, the values of the crystal−liquid interfacial free energy at the melting temperature have been determined for the first time. The overlap of the nucleation and growth zones, which are accurately reproduced, was studied. This analyze allowed to clarify the preferential crystallization of certain metastable polymorphs
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Beaugency, Aurélie. "Capacités dynamiques et compréhension des enjeux sectoriels : apports de l’intelligence technologique au cas de l’avionique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0290/document.

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La compréhension des dynamiques d’un environnement, qu’elles soient technologiques ouconcurrentielles, tient une place importante dans les réflexions sur l’adaptation et la survie des firmes.Dans le cas de l’avionique, les bouleversements des années 2000 sont les conséquences de profondschangements dans ses deux secteurs de référence, l’aéronautique et l’électronique, ce qui amène leDépartement Calculateurs de la Division Avionique du Groupe Thales à s’interroger sur sa capacité àsaisir ces changements. Dans ces travaux, nous proposons d’examiner l’un de ces mécanismes, lescapacités dynamiques sensing (définies comme les aptitudes déployées par les firmes pour adapter lesroutines et capacités organisationnelles) et de l’opérationnaliser au travers de la capacité d’intelligencetechnologique.Par l’étude du déploiement de cette capacité au sein du Département, nous montrons en quoil’intelligence technologique est une capacité participant du processus d’apprentissage de la firme,déployée par les managers pour agir sur les processus de définition des Politiques Produits. Pouratteindre cet objectif, nous avons adopté une démarche de recherche-intervention (menée dans le cadred’une Convention Industrielle CIFRE) s’articulant en deux temps. Premièrement, nous montrons autravers de l’opérationnalisation de la capacité d’intelligence technologique au sein du Département quecette dernière sert les managers dans la définition des Politiques Produits. Deuxièmement, les résultatsdes études techniques menées pour ce déploiement contribuent à la compréhension des dynamiquesscientifiques et techniques du secteur avionique
The understanding of the scientific dynamics of an environment, whether technological orcompetitive, occupies a predominant place in the discussion of adaption and survival of firms. In thecase of avionics, the upheaval in the 2000’s is the consequence of profound changes in its two mainsectors, aeronautics and electronics. This drove the Computer Department, part of the AvionicsDivision of Thales Group, to question its ability to handle these evolutions. In this thesis, we examineone of these mechanisms, the sensing dynamic capability (defined as the aptitudes deployed by firmsin order to adapt routines and organizational capabilities) and we put it into practice throughtechnological intelligence capability.By studying the deployment of this ability inside the Department, we show how technologicalintelligence contributes to the learning process of the firm, as it is used by managers in order toinfluence the selection process of Product Policy. In order to achieve this, we adopted a researchinterventionmethodology (with the support of an industrial agreement CIFRE) based on two steps.First of all, we show that through the operationalization of the technological intelligence ability in thedepartment, managers put the latter to use in the selection of product policies. Secondly, the results ofthe technical studies conducted for this deployment add to the understanding of the scientific andtechnological dynamics of the avionics sector
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Hosseinpoor, Masoud. "Numerical simulation of fresh SCC flow in wall and beam elements using flow dynamics models." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9808.

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Abstract : Recently, there is a great interest to study the flow characteristics of suspensions in different environmental and industrial applications, such as snow avalanches, debris flows, hydrotransport systems, and material casting processes. Regarding rheological aspects, the majority of these suspensions, such as fresh concrete, behave mostly as non-Newtonian fluids. Concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world. Due to the limitations that exist in terms of workability and formwork filling abilities of normal concrete, a new class of concrete that is able to flow under its own weight, especially through narrow gaps in the congested areas of the formwork was developed. Accordingly, self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is a novel construction material that is gaining market acceptance in various applications. Higher fluidity characteristics of SCC enable it to be used in a number of special applications, such as densely reinforced sections. However, higher flowability of SCC makes it more sensitive to segregation of coarse particles during flow (i.e., dynamic segregation) and thereafter at rest (i.e., static segregation). Dynamic segregation can increase when SCC flows over a long distance or in the presence of obstacles. Therefore, there is always a need to establish a trade-off between the flowability, passing ability, and stability properties of SCC suspensions. This should be taken into consideration to design the casting process and the mixture proportioning of SCC. This is called “workability design” of SCC. An efficient and non-expensive workability design approach consists of the prediction and optimization of the workability of the concrete mixtures for the selected construction processes, such as transportation, pumping, casting, compaction, and finishing. Indeed, the mixture proportioning of SCC should ensure the construction quality demands, such as demanded levels of flowability, passing ability, filling ability, and stability (dynamic and static). This is necessary to develop some theoretical tools to assess under what conditions the construction quality demands are satisfied. Accordingly, this thesis is dedicated to carry out analytical and numerical simulations to predict flow performance of SCC under different casting processes, such as pumping and tremie applications, or casting using buckets. The L-Box and T-Box set-ups can evaluate flow performance properties of SCC (e.g., flowability, passing ability, filling ability, shear-induced and gravitational dynamic segregation) in casting process of wall and beam elements. The specific objective of the study consists of relating numerical results of flow simulation of SCC in L-Box and T-Box test set-ups, reported in this thesis, to the flow performance properties of SCC during casting. Accordingly, the SCC is modeled as a heterogeneous material. Furthermore, an analytical model is proposed to predict flow performance of SCC in L-Box set-up using the Dam Break Theory. On the other hand, results of the numerical simulation of SCC casting in a reinforced beam are verified by experimental free surface profiles. The results of numerical simulations of SCC casting (modeled as a single homogeneous fluid), are used to determine the critical zones corresponding to the higher risks of segregation and blocking. The effects of rheological parameters, density, particle contents, distribution of reinforcing bars, and particle-bar interactions on flow performance of SCC are evaluated using CFD simulations of SCC flow in L-Box and T-box test set-ups (modeled as a heterogeneous material). Two new approaches are proposed to classify the SCC mixtures based on filling ability and performability properties, as a contribution of flowability, passing ability, and dynamic stability of SCC.
Résumé : Récemment, il y a un grand intérêt à étudier les caractéristiques d'écoulement des suspensions dans différentes applications environnementales et industrielles, telles que les avalanches des neiges, les coulées de débris, les systèmes de transport et les processus d’écoulement des matériaux. En ce qui concerne les aspects rhéologiques, la plupart des suspensions, comme le béton frais, se comportent comme un fluide non-Newtonien. Le béton est le matériau de construction le plus largement utilisé dans le monde. En raison de limites qui caractérisent le béton normal en termes de maniabilité et de capacité de remplissage de coffrage, il était nécessaire de développer une nouvelle classe de béton qui peut couler sous son propre poids, en particulier à travers les zones congestionnées du coffrage. Par conséquent, le béton autoplaçant (BAP) est un nouveau matériau de construction qui est de plus en plus utilisé dans les différentes applications. Étant donné sa fluidité élevée de BAP peut être utilisé dans certaines applications particulières, notamment dans la section densément renforcée. Cependant, la fluidité élevée rend le béton plus sensible à la ségrégation des gros granulats pendant l'écoulement (la ségrégation dynamique) et ensuite au repos (ségrégation statique). La ségrégation dynamique peut augmenter lorsque le BAP est coulé sur une longue distance ou en présence d'obstacles. Par conséquent, il est toujours nécessaire d'établir un compromis entre la fluidité, la capacité de passage, et la stabilité du BAP. Ceci doit être pris en considération afin de concevoir le processus de coulée et dosage des mélanges du BAP. Ceci est appelé la conception d'ouvrabilité du BAP. Une conception de maniabilité efficace et non coûteuse peut être achevée à travers la e prévision et l'optimisation de l'ouvrabilité des mélanges de béton pour les procédés de construction sélectionnés, notamment le transport, le pompage, la mise en place, le compactage, la finition, etc. En effet, les formulations de mélange doivent se confirmer à la qualité de la construction demandée, par exemple les niveaux exigés de fluidité, la capacité de passage, la capacité de remplissage, et la stabilité (statique et dynamique). Celui est nécessaire pour développer des outils théoriques afin d’évaluer dans quelles conditions les exigences de qualité de la construction sont satisfaites. Cette thèse est consacrée à la réaliser des simulations analytiques et numériques pour prédire la performance d'écoulement du BAP dans différents procédés de la mise en place du béton. L'objectif spécifique de cette étude consiste à simuler l'écoulement du BAP dans essais empiriques, notamment la boite en L et la boite en T pour évaluer la performance du BAP pendent la mise en place (la fluidité, la capacité de passage, la capacité de remplissage, et la ségrégation dynamique induite par cisaillement ou par gravité). Par conséquent, le BAP est modélisé comme matériau hétérogène. En outre, un modèle analytique est proposé pour prédire la performance à l'écoulement du BAP dans la boite en L en utilisant la théorie de Dam Break. D'autre part, les résultats des simulations numériques de l’écoulement du BAP dans une poutre renforcée sont comparés aux résultats expérimentaux par des profils de surface libres. Les résultats des simulations numériques de BAP coulée (modélisée comme un fluide homogène unique), sont utilisés pour déterminer les zones critiques correspondant à des risques plus élevés de ségrégation et de blocage. Les effets des paramètres rhéologiques, la masse volumique, le contenu des particules, la distribution de barres d'armature, et les interactions particule-barres sur les performances d'écoulement du BAP sont évaluées à l'aide de simulations MFN d’écoulement du BAP par les essais des L-Box et T-box (modélisée comme une matériau hétérogène). Deux nouvelles approches sont proposées pour classifier les mélanges du BAP sur la base de la capacité de remplissage, et les propriétés de performabilité, en fonction de la fluidité, la capacité de passage et de la stabilité dynamique du BAP.
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Books on the topic "Abilité dynamique"

1

Chartier, Philippe. Évaluer l'intelligence logique: Approche cognitive et dynamique. Paris: Dunod, 2008.

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L'expérience dynamique: Complexité, neurodynamique et esthétique. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2012.

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Le développement du potentiel des managers: La dynamique du coaching. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1995.

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