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Puspitasari, Ratna Dewi, Ratna Dewi Puspitasari, Bambang Priyono, and Saiful Ridlo. "The Student Factor Analysis Choosing Biology as A Options Subject of Computer-Based National Examination." Journal of Biology Education 8, no. 2 (September 2, 2019): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jbe.v8i2.26278.
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This study aims to analyze the factors that influence learners in choosing Biology as the subject of choice of UNBK and analyze the most dominant factor in influencing learners choose Biology as the preferred subject of UNBK. This research is a mixed method research using sequential mix method with qualitative-quantitative sequential explanatory strategy. The population in this study are students of science majors class XII who choose Biology in SMA N 1 Pecangaan and SMA N 1 Jepara, amounting to 208 learners. The technique of sampling data using random sampling technique. Determination of the number of samples using Isaac and Michael formula with a 95% confidence level, so that obtained at least 131 samples from 208 members of the population. The results of this study indicate: (1) There are 9 factors that influence the Friends and Parents, Interests and Motivation, Ideals and Profession of Parents, Ability, Teacher and Parents, School Environment, Perception, and Interest and Achievement. The most dominant factor affecting is Friends and Parents with an eigenvalue of 6,922 which can explain the variant variation of 24.723% of cumulative variance percentage of 71,675%.
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Rufus, Robert J., and William Hahn. "Mountain State Sporting Goods: A Case of Fraud? A Case Study in Fraud Examination." Issues in Accounting Education 26, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 201–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2011.26.1.201.
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ABSTRACT: This case, which is derived from an actual fraud occurrence, provides an opportunity for students to employ fraud theory and assess the three conditions generally present when fraud occurs, i.e., incentive, opportunity, and ability to rationalize. Specific applications include the major provisions of SAS No. 99 (American Institute of Certified Public Accountants [AICPA] 2002), e.g., professional skepticism, brainstorming, risk assessment, and communication of findings. The case is designed with a scientific perspective, proceeding through the five sequential steps of a fraud examination (validate the suspicion, create a hypothesis, test, refine, and communicate). The case also provides an opportunity for students to employ financial statement analysis, journal entry testing, indirect methods of income reconstruction, and other evidence-gathering techniques in a realistic context. Additional topics include business valuations, ethics, professional standards, types of engagements, internal control, agency theory, and alternative dispute resolution. This case is suitable for use in an upper-level undergraduate or graduate course in auditing or forensic accounting, as well as practitioner education.
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Selvia, Anisya, Wiwik Kusumawati, Herlin Fitriani, and Mufdlillah Mufdlillah. "The evaluation of objective structure clinical examination (OSCE) implementation within midwifery school." Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Midwifery 2, no. 1 (May 23, 2019): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31101/jhtam.914.
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Assessment during pre registration in midwifery school is one of the necessary process which need to be concerned as it would strengthen the quality of the graduation. It also could become a tool to evaluate ability and competency of the pre registration midwifery student. There is an evaluation which applied in Indonesian midwifery school as national standard i.e. OSCE in which is considered could fulfil the validity, reliability and feasibility within Indonesian context. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of OSCE among midwifery school in Yogyakarta. This research was a mixed methods study used sequential explanatory design method i.e. quantitative phase and qualitative phase. Analytic descriptive study was applied in quantitative phase, whilst a case study was applied in qualitative phase. Quantitative data collection was conducted by using a checklist sheet and analyzed by using descriptive analysis, whilst qualitative data by using in-depth interviews and analyzed by using content analysis. The quantitative result show that the implementation of OSCE among midwifery schools in Yogyakarta has score 68 out of 92. The qualitative analysis showed that OSCE was challenging to be implemented due to technical problems such as broken media of assessment, different phantom model in delivery stages, assessor has been late, assessment rooms were not conducive and there were limited model who skilled as OSCE model. Conclusion: Standardized OSCE implementation has not been carried out properly in midwifery school. Therefore there is a need of national evaluation of the OSCE itself in order to understand the real condition across Indonesian midwifery school.
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Spiegel, Maciej, Tadeusz Andruniów, and Zbigniew Sroka. "Flavones’ and Flavonols’ Antiradical Structure–Activity Relationship—A Quantum Chemical Study." Antioxidants 9, no. 6 (May 27, 2020): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9060461.
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Flavonoids are known for their antiradical capacity, and this ability is strongly structure-dependent. In this research, the activity of flavones and flavonols in a water solvent was studied with the density functional theory methods. These included examination of flavonoids’ molecular and radical structures with natural bonding orbitals analysis, spin density analysis and frontier molecular orbitals theory. Calculations of determinants were performed: specific, for the three possible mechanisms of action—hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), electron transfer–proton transfer (ETPT) and sequential proton loss electron transfer (SPLET); and the unspecific—reorganization enthalpy (RE) and hydrogen abstraction enthalpy (HAE). Intramolecular hydrogen bonding, catechol moiety activity and the probability of electron density swap between rings were all established. Hydrogen bonding seems to be much more important than the conjugation effect, because some structures tends to form more intramolecular hydrogen bonds instead of being completely planar. The very first hydrogen abstraction mechanism in a water solvent is SPLET, and the most privileged abstraction site, indicated by HAE, can be associated with the C3 hydroxyl group of flavonols and C4’ hydroxyl group of flavones. For the catechol moiety, an intramolecular reorganization to an o-benzoquinone-like structure occurs, and the ETPT is favored as the second abstraction mechanism.
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Budi, Yulifah Salistia, and Shanti Wardaningsih. "Hubungan Ketersediaan Sarana untuk Ketrampilan Mahasiswa dengan Kecemasan Menghadapi Ujian Skills Laboratorium." Jurnal Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (JPPNI) 2, no. 3 (August 31, 2018): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.32419/jppni.v2i3.95.
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ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Pembelajaran laboratorium adalah bagian penting dari proses pendidikan yang kompleks untuk mempersiapkan kemampuan mahasiswa dalam melakukan ketrampilan saat menghadapi ujian skills laboratorium. Masalah dalam pembelajaran laboratorium yaitu mahasiswa tidak melakukan redemonstrasi karena kurang motivasi dan meremehkan, kurang keberanian mahasiswa untuk mencoba, merasa sudah tahu, anggapan keterampilan yang dipelajari kurang menantang, waktu yang terbatas, serta keterbatasan alat praktek. Kondisi tersebut dapat memengaruhi kemampuan skill mahasiswa saat ujian ketrampilan laboratorium yang nantinya akan memengaruhi psikologis mahasiswa. Tujuan penelitian: untuk mengetahui bagaimana hubungan ketersediaan sarana sebagai penunjang ketrampilan mahasiswa dengan kecemasan menghadapi ujian skills laboratorium. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian gabungan model sekuensial eksplanatori, yang melibatkan mahasiswa, dosen dan laboran. Data dianalisis dengan uji statistik Kruskal Wallis, dilanjutkan dengan analisis kualitatif secara manual dengan pengkategorian makna final kemudian disimpulkan dari kedua analisis tersebut. Hasil: Hasil penelitian secara kuantitatif dengan uji statistik Kruskal Wallis didapatkan hubungan yang tidak signifikan pada ketrampilan mahasiswa dengan kecemasan mahasiswa program studi (prodi) Diploma III Keperawatan dalam menghadapi ujian skills laboratorium. Hasil uji kualitatif didapatkan empat tema yaitu ketersediaan alat, efektifitas dalam praktek, kecukupan sumber dan metode untuk menurunkan kecemasan. Diskusi: meskipun keberadaan sarana atau alat sebagai sumber belajar dan keefektifan mahasiswa saat praktikum dipandang kurang mendukung ketrampilannya, tetapi mahasiswa mampu mengendalikan kecemasan yang mereka alami. Simpulan: kecemasan mahasiswa berada pada tingkat ringan, tidak terdapat hubungan antara ketersediaan sarana untuk ketrampilan mahasiswa dengan kecemasan dalam menghadapi ujian skills laboratorium.Kata kunci: cemas, mahasiswa keperawatan, ujian skills laboratorium, sarana laboratoriumRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AVAILABILITY OF FACILITIES FOR STUDENT SKILLS WITH ANXIETY IN FACING LABORATORY SKILLS EXAMINATION: A MIXED METHODS STUDYABSTRACTBackground: Laboratory skills is an important part of a complex educational process order to ability of students in performing skills when facing a laboratory skills examination. A problem in laboratory learning is that students do not perform re-demonstration because they lack motivation and underestimate, are afraid to try, think they already know, think that skills are less challenging, have limited time, and equipment is limited. These conditions may affect the ability of student’s skills during the laboratory skills examination which will later affect their psychology. Objective: To identify the relationship between the availability of facilities to support student skills with anxiety in facing the laboratory skills examination. Methods: This research employed a mixed methods research of explanatory sequential models, involving students, lecturers and laboratory staff. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis statistical test, followed by using qualitative analysis manually by categorizing the final significance and concluded from both analyses. Results: The quantitative research results by using the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test indicated that there was no significant relationship of the student skills on the anxiety in students of Diploma Nursing program in facing the laboratory skills examination. The qualitative test results indicatedfour themes, namely availability of equipment, effectiveness in practice, and adequacy of resources and methods to decrease the anxiety. Discussion: Although the availability of facilities or equipment as a source of learning and effectiveness of students during practicum is considered not supporting their skills, students are able to control their anxiety. Conclusion: Students has mild anxiety; there is no significant relationship between the availability offacilities for student skills with anxiety in facing laboratory skills examination.Keywords: anxiety, nursing students, laboratory skills examination, facilities of laboratory
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Wowra, Berndt, and Walter Stummer. "Efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery for nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: a quantitative follow up with magnetic resonance imaging—based volumetric analysis." Journal of Neurosurgery 97 (December 2002): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2002.97.supplement_5.0429.
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Object. The authors assessed the efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NPAs) by sequential quantitative determinations of tumor volume and neurological and endocrinological follow-up examinations. Methods. Through May of 2000, 45 patients with NPA were treated by GKS. Complete neurological and endocrinological follow-up information was obtained. In 30 patients (67%), follow-up examinations included stereotactic magnetic resonance imaging involving the GammaPlan software for sequential measurements of the NPA volume. These patients constitute the basis of this study. Sequential volume measurements after GKS were compared with initial tumor volumes at the date of GKS to quantify the therapeutic result. All data were stored prospectively in a computerized database. The median dose to the tumor margin was 16 Gy (range 11–20 Gy). The mean prescription isodose was 55% (range 45–75%). All except one patient (97%) underwent surgery for NPA before GKS. Fractionated radiotherapy was not administered. Median follow up after GKS was 55 months (range 28–86 months). The actuarial long-term recurrence-free survival was 93% with respect to a single GKS and 100% if a repeated GKS was included. Neurological side effects were not detected. The actuarial risk of radiosurgery-induced pituitary damage was calculated to be 14% after 6 years. The volumetric analysis revealed a temporary swelling of the NPA in four patients, followed by shrinkage of the lesion. This is the first time this has been observed in pituitary adenomas. Conclusions. Postoperative GKS for residual or recurrent small fragments of NPAs is effective and safe. With regard to the issues of radioprotection and therapeutic morbidity, it seems superior to fractionated radiotherapy. Quantification of tumor reduction is a valuable tool for documenting a therapeutic response and for identifying tumor recurrence. As part of a radiosurgical standard protocol, the follow-up examination for NPAs should include tumor volumetric analysis.
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Brevini, T. A. L., F. Cillo, and F. Gandolfi. "168 ESTABLISHMENT AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF PIG PARTHENOGENETIC EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 2 (2005): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv17n2ab168.
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Parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells have been obtained in mouse and in primates. However, it would be desirable to have an alternative experimental model that could be used to investigate the therapeutic potential of these cells. For this purpose, we generated parthenogenetic pig blastocysts from in vitro-matured oocytes activated by sequential exposure to 10 μM ionomycin for 5 min and 2 mM 6-DMAP for 3 h. Inner cell masses were isolated by immunosurgery and plated on mitotically inactivated STO fibroblast feeder layers in 4-well dishes. Cells were incubated in 5% CO2 at 37°C in low glucose DMEM/F10 medium supplemented with 1000 IU/mL of mouse recombinant LIF, 10% Knockout serum replacer (Gibco, Italy), and 5% FBS. Within 3 days, circular colonies with distinct margins of small round cells were observed on both substrates. When a colony enlarged enough to cover half or more of the well surface, cells were trypsinized in clumps never reaching single-cell suspension and passaged to a newly prepared well. The expression of a gene panel was examined by RT-PCR on a portion of the cells at each passage. Oct-4 and nanog were used as markers of pluripotency. Interferon-τ, α-Amilase, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4, and Neurofilament were used as markers of trophectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm differentiation respectively. After 4 passages, three colonies expressed Oct-4 and nanog and were negative for all four differentiation markers. Two colonies at the 5th and 7th passages maintained nanog but not Oct-4 expression, while remaining negative to all of the other genes. To induce the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs), cells were cultured in 50-μL droplets of medium without LIF. Initiation of differentiation of EBs was confirmed through both morphological examination and molecular analysis; mesodermal, ectodermal, and endodermal markers were all expressed by Day 9 of culture and Oct-4 and nanog expression was completely down-regulated. Interestingly, when EBs were returned to adherent culture conditions patches of differentiated cells tended to form, spontaneously differentiating into mesodermal, endodermal, or neuroectodermal cell monolayers. The present data suggest that it is possible to establish putative embryonic stem cells from pig parthenotes. Further studies are in progress to determine their ability to stably maintain the undifferentiated state. This work was supported by MIUR COFIN 20022074357 and Fondazione CARIPLO.
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Steidl, Christian, Rainer Schabla, Ulrich Germing, Barbara Hildebrandt, Thomas Noesslinger, Michael Pfeilstocker, Peter Haas, Michael Lübbert, Lorenz H. Truemper, and Detlef Haase. "Sequential Cytogenetic Analysis of 322 Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Delineation of Genetic Evolution and Clinical Implications." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 2368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.2368.2368.
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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Myelodysplastic syndromes are dynamic diseases affecting the stem cell compartment in bone marrow presenting with different clinical courses ranging from stable, indolent disease to rapid progression to acute myeloid leukemias. So far, only 3 studies on karyotype analysis in MDS with a minimum of 30 patients have been published. Most knowledge about genetic evolution in MDS is based on the description of parallely existing subclones within one single examination. Thus, little is known about the real frequency, the time spans and the clinical impact of karyotype evolution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: So far, data from 322 patients with MDS or secondary AML and at least two successfully performed classical cytogenetic analyses are available from four centres of the Competence Network Acute and Chronic Leukemias. As yet, we retrospectively examined 268 patients out of this data set. Karyotype evolution (KE) was defined as acquisition of additional aberrations, expansion of an aberrant clone (>20%) or development of a completely aberrant karyotype after an initial mosaic karyotype. RESULTS: In 44 cases (16%) KE was observed. In the mean 2.8 (range 2–9) cytogenetic examinations have been performed. In 27 cases additional aberrations occurred and in 17 cases the abnormal clone expanded in a subsequent analysis. Compared to stable courses, patients with KE had a tendency towards a shorter survival (p=0.15). In the group of patients with expansion of the aberrant clone the most frequent karyotypes were −7/7q- (4x), complex (3x), 5q- (3x) and +8 (3x). The most frequent karyotypes in which during the course of the disease additional aberrations occurred were complex (4x) and karyotypes with two miscellaneous aberrations (4x). The most frequent additional aberrations were 5q- (3x) and −17/17p- (3x). CONCLUSIONS: In sequential cytogenetic examinations KE is a frequent event. Patients with KE tend to have a shortened survival. In our collective no long-term survivor could be observed in the group displaying KE regardless of the therapy strategies (excluding allogeneic transplantation). In this multicentric study which encompasses the largest data base on sequential analyses in MDS to date, frequency, evolution patterns and prognostic relevance of karyotype changes have been studied allowing a better insight into the genetic dynamics of MDS.
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Sharma, Shalini, and Angshul Majumdar. "Sequential Transform Learning." ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data 15, no. 5 (June 26, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447394.
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This work proposes a new approach for dynamical modeling; we call it sequential transform learning. This is loosely based on the transform (analysis dictionary) learning formulation. This is the first work on this topic. Transform learning, was originally developed for static problems; we modify it to model dynamical systems by introducing a feedback loop. The learnt transform coefficients for the t th instant are fed back along with the t + 1st sample, thereby establishing a Markovian relationship. Furthermore, the formulation is made supervised by the label consistency cost. Our approach keeps the best of two worlds, marrying the interpretability and uncertainty measure of signal processing with the function approximation ability of neural networks. We have carried out experiments on one of the most challenging problems in dynamical modeling - stock forecasting. Benchmarking with the state-of-the-art has shown that our method excels over the rest.
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Knight, Samantha JL, Elham Sadighi Akha, Adele Timbs, Tariq Enver, Andrew R. Pettitt, Jenny Taylor, Chris S. Hatton, and Anna Schuh. "Identification of Novel Recurrent Copy Number Variations and Regions of Copy-Neutral Loss of Heterozygosity by High Resolution Genomic Array in Pre-Treatment and Relapsed B-CLL." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.1098.1098.
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Abstract Abstract 1098 Poster Board I-120 Background B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) is the most common form of adult leukaemia in the Western World. It is a heterogeneous disease and important biological and clinical differences have been identified. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying emergence and maintenance of B-CLL after treatment remain elusive. Array based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) has revolutionized our ability to perform genome wide analyses of copy number variation (CNV) within cancer genomes. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism arrays (aSNP) provide genotyping and copy number variation data and detect regions of copy neutral Loss of Heterozygosity (cnLOH) with the potential to indicate genes involved in leukaemia pathogenesis. Both technologies are evolving rapidly and emerging platforms are thought to allow high resolution (HR) of abnormalities down to a single gene level. Aim The aim of the current study was therefore to test a HR-aCGH and a HR-aSNP platform for their ability to detect large and small CNVs and regions of cnLOH in B-CLL. More specifically, we wanted to: Method We used a high resolution 244K aCGH platform and a 1Mio SNP array in parallel to test and characterize enriched B-CLL peripheral blood samples (>80% CD19+;CD5+) from 44 clinically annotated patients collected at our institution. To distinguish CNVs seen commonly in the general population the results were compared with ‘in house’ control data sets and the Database of Genomic Variants (http://projects.tcag.ca/variation/). Results Our results show that large abnormalities, already noted by FISH, were reliably identified and the boundaries of abnormalities at 11q22.3, 13q14.2 and 17p could be defined more precisely. In addition, novel and recurrent CNVs within the sample set were identified (1p33; 3p24.3; 3p14.2; 4q12; 4q13.3; 6q21; 6q27; 8p22; 10q24; 11p15.4; 11q12; 11q13.4; 11q14.1; 11q22.1; 11q23.3; 13q14.11; 14q21.1; 15q15.1; 15q25.3; 17p13.3; 17q22; 18p11.32; 18p23; 19p13.13; 19p13.12; 19p13.32; 22q11.21; 22q11.22). Interestingly, some of these abnormalities contain single gene alterations involving oncogenes, chemokine receptors, kinases and transcription factors important in B cell development and differentiation. Assessment of smaller CNVs (less then 10 consecutive oligonucleotides) also revealed recurrent CNVs involving single genes that were clustered according to function and pathways. Comparison of paired pre-treatment and relapse samples showed differences in large CNVs in 6 out of the 14 pairs with the majority being losses within the relapse sample. In particular, relapse samples contained new losses within 2q33.1-2q37.1; 4q13.2-4q13.3; 5q31.3-5q34; 7q36.3; 10q23.1-10q25.1 11q12.3 and multiple losses within 13q14.1-13q14.3. Taken together, these data indicates that genomic instability plays a role in clonal evolution and selection after treatment in at least some patients. Analysis of a bigger cohort of matched pre-treatment and relapse samples is on-going. The importance of copy neutral LOH in B-CLL has been a subject of debate. Using the 1Mio HR-aSNP, we were able to detect multiple regions of cnLOH throughout the genome. Examination of the four regions that are known to have prognostic significance when deleted identified cnLOH involving 13q11-13q34(ter) and cnLOH of 13q21.1-q34(ter) outside the FISH region. Deletions of the 17p13.1 locus including the p53 gene confer poor prognosis in B-CLL and direct treatment decisions. Interestingly, we were able to identify cnLOH involving this region in 5% of samples. In addition, we also noticed cnLOH in 17p13.2 containing genes previously implicated in cancer. The exact pathogenetic and prognostic implications of these findings remain to be established. Conclusion Using HR-aCGH and HR-aSNP we have identified novel recurrent CNVs and regions of cnLOH in patients with B-CLL. Sequential analysis of the same patients over time suggests that at least in some patients, clonal complexity and dynamics are driven by genomic instability. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Gaj, Kazimierz, and Hanna Cybulska-Szulc. "Time changeability model of the bog ore sorption ability." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2014-0010.
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Abstract Basing on long-standing cyclic measurements of sludge-originated biogas composition and considering statistical analysis of their results, a regression model describing time variation of biogas desulfurization using bog iron ore has been developed. The model was verified by theoretical calculations and results from laboratory examinations of the sorbent. It was also used to estimate the depletion time and sorption capacity of the bed and to determine the demand index for bog ore.
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Morris, Gerald P., Geoffrey L. Uy, David L. Donermeyer, Paul M. Allen, and John F. DiPersio. "Donor Dual TCR T Cells Preferentially Expand and Mediate Pathologic Alloreactivity in Acute Graft Versus Host Disease." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 1972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.1972.1972.
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Abstract Abstract 1972 The nature of the T cell repertoire mediating pathologic in vivo alloreactivity is an important question for understanding the development of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) following clinical allogeneic transplantation. We have previously demonstrated that the small proportion of T cells that naturally express 2 T cell receptors (TCR) as a consequence of incomplete TCRa allelic exclusion during thymic development contribute disproportionately to the alloreactive T cell repertoire, both in vitro and in vivo in a mouse model of graft versus host disease (GvHD) (J. Immunol., 182:6639, 2009). Here, we extend these findings to human biology, examining dual TCR T cells from healthy volunteer donors (n = 12) and patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) (n = 19). Peripheral blood was collected at day 30 post-HSCT or at the time of presentation with symptomatic acute GvHD. Dual TCR T cells were measured in peripheral blood by pair-wise staining with 3 commercially-available and 2 novel TCRa mAbs. Dual TCR T cells were consistently and significantly expanded in patients with symptomatic aGvHD, representing 5.3±3.8 % of peripheral T cells, compared to 1.7±0.8 % of T cells in healthy controls (p < 0.005) (Figure 1). There was no correlation between dual TCR T cell frequency and GvHD severity. Furthermore, sequential analysis of peripheral blood in 2 patients demonstrated expansion of dual TCR T cells concurrent with the development of aGvHD (Figure 2). Dual TCR T cells from patients with symptomatic aGvHD demonstrated increased expression of CD69 as compared to T cells expressing a single TCR, indicative of preferential activation of dual TCR T cells during aGvHD. Similarly, dual TCR T cells isolated from patients with symptomatic aGvHD demonstrate increased production of IFN-g ex vivo, indicative of the ability to mediate pathogenic alloreactive responses. Dual TCR T cell clones isolated from healthy donors and patients post-HSCT by single cell FACS sorting demonstrate alloreactive responses against a range of allogeneic cell lines in vitro. We propose that the increased alloreactivity of dual TCR T cells results from the less stringent thymic selection for secondary TCR, and thus provides a link between thymic selection, the TCR repertoire, and alloreactivity. These findings may lead to simple ways of phenotypically identifying specific T cells predisposed to inducing aGvHD for subsequent examination of T cell repertoires and functional studies. Furthermore, these data suggest that dual TCR T cells represent a potential predictive biomarker for aGvHD and a potential target for selective T cell depletion in HSCT. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Jafer, Mohammed, Rik Crutzen, Abdalla Ibrahim, Ibtisam Moafa, Haitham Zaylaee, Mohammad Ajeely, Bart van den Borne, Alessio Zanza, Luca Testarelli, and Shankargouda Patil. "Using the Exploratory Sequential Mixed Methods Design to Investigate Dental Patients’ Perceptions and Needs Concerning Oral Cancer Information, Examination, Prevention and Behavior." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14 (July 16, 2021): 7562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147562.
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Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate dental patients’ behavior, thoughts, opinions and needs for oral cancer information, and dentists’ behavior regarding prevention and examination of oral cancer. Materials and Methods: This study utilized an exploratory sequential mixed methods design. Semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were conducted for forty dental patients of both sexes. Based on the qualitative analysis, a structured questionnaire was developed and distributed among the participants. Data were analyzed for 315 participants to quantify their thoughts, needs, behavior and behavior expected from dentists regarding oral cancer. Frequency, percentages and cumulative percentages were calculated. Results: This study reveals that patients’ oral cancer knowledge levels were adequate, but most reported that their dentist had never examined them for oral cancer. Additionally, the participants had never performed self-examinations for oral cancer, nor were they aware of the possibility of doing so. Participants showed a preference for being examined and educated by their dentist about oral cancer and believed it would help early detection. Conclusions: The study participants are aware of oral cancer and its risk factors. The practice of oral cancer examinations and patient education of its risk factors by dental practitioners is limited. Patients feel a need for more attention to be paid to oral cancer examinations, preventive measures and targeted information on oral cancer risk factors.
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Sallow, Amira Bibo. "Implementation and Analysis of Fractals Shapes using GPU-CUDA Model." Academic Journal of Nawroz University 10, no. 2 (April 28, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v10n2a1030.
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The rapid evolution of floating-point computing capacity and memory in recent years has resulted graphics processing units (GPUs) an increasingly attractive platform to speed scientific applications and are popular rapidly due to the large amount of data that processes the data on time. Fractals have many implementations that involve faster computation and massive amounts of floating-point computation. In this paper, constructing the fractal image algorithm has been implemented both sequential and parallel versions using fractal Mandelbrot and Julia sets. CPU was used for the execution in sequential mode while GPUarray and CUDA kernel was used for the parallel mode. The evaluation of the performance of the constructed algorithms for sequential structure using CPUs (2.20 GHz and 2.60 GHz) and parallelism structure for various models of GPU (GeForce GTX 1060 and GeForce GTX 1660 Ti ) devices, calculated in terms of execution time and speedup to compare between CPU and GPU maximum ability. The results showed that the execution on GPU using GPUArray or GUDA kernel is faster than its sequential implementation using CPU. And the execution using the GUDA kernel is faster than the execution using GPUArray, and the execution time between GPU devices was different, GPU with (Ti) series execute faster than the other models.
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Astria, Widya Juli. "An Analysis of Students' Reading Ability in Identifying Generic Structure of News Item Text." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Scholastic 3, no. 2 (August 27, 2019): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36057/jips.v3i2.357.
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This research aims to determine the ability of students to identify the generic structure of the news item text. This research uses a descriptive method. Data is taken through examinations in the form of multiple choice questions. The results showed that the ability of students to identify newsworthy events, event backgrounds and sources of news item texts was at a moderate level. This is evidenced by the percentage of student scores for each of the generic structures is 58.46%, 69, 23% and 61, 54%. Therefore, teachers are advised to discuss more and provide training on generic structure of the news item text. Then, students are advised to study harder to understand and do generic structure exercises from news item text. Furthermore, the next researcher is expected to conduct research related to the problems faced by students in identifying the generic structure of the news item text.
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Bergman, Philip J., Gregory K. Ogilvie, and Barbara E. Powers. "Monoclonal Antibody C219 Immunohistochemistry Against P-Glycoprotein: Sequential Analysis and Predictive Ability in Dogs With Lymphoma." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 10, no. 6 (November 1996): 354–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.1996.tb02080.x.
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Nechaeva, O. E., I. S. Gruzdev, Yu V. Popov, A. G. Kedrova, V. N. Lesnyak, and N. S. Nosenko. "Retrospective analysis of ultrasound criteria for newly diagnosed extragenital endometriosis detected during preventive examinations." Tumors of female reproductive system 16, no. 2 (November 17, 2020): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1994-4098-2020-16-2-44-49.
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Endometriosis is a common pathological condition characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus, most frequently in the pelvis. Despite the ability to demonstrate infiltrative growth and tendency to local recurrence and invasion, endometriosis is considered as a benign proliferative disease. An increasing incidence of extragenital endometriosis (including that in young patients) and difficulties associated with its visualization during ultrasonography lead to a delayed diagnosis, resulting in an increase in the number of cases of advanced endometriosis, which requires long-term treatment. The improvement of a screening ultrasound tomography technique and development of specific ultrasound criteria for preventive examination will ensure rapid identification of patients requiring treatment. In this retrospective study, we analyzed 57 cases of extragenital endometriosis detected during preventive examinations of women between 2014 and 2019. Each case was analyzed with the consideration of ultrasound characteristics together with clinical and gynecological data. We evaluated location, size, contours, and structure of foci. We propose a method of extended ultrasound examination in women with suspected extragenital endometriosis.
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Finkel, Deborah, Nancy L. Pedersen, Gerald E. McClearn, Robert Plomin, and Stig Berg. "Cross-sequential analysis of genetic influences on cognitive ability in the swedish adoption/twin study of aging." Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13825589608256614.
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K. AL-Taie, Rana Riad, Basma Jumaa Saleh, Ahmed Yousif Falih Saedi, and Lamees Abdalhasan Salman. "Analysis of WEKA data mining algorithms Bayes net, random forest, MLP and SMO for heart disease prediction system: A case study in Iraq." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 6 (December 1, 2021): 5229. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i6.pp5229-5239.
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Data mining is defined as a search through large amounts of data for valuable information. The association rules, grouping, clustering, prediction, sequence modeling is some essential and most general strategies for data extraction. The processing of data plays a major role in the healthcare industry's disease detection. A variety of disease evaluations should be required to diagnose the patient. However, using data mining strategies, the number of examinations should be decreased. This decreased examination plays a crucial role in terms of time and results. Heart disease is a death-provoking disorder. In this recent instance, health issues are immense because of the availability of health issues and the grouping of various situations. Today, secret information is important in the healthcare industry to make decisions. For the prediction of cardiovascular problems, (Weka 3.8.3) tools for this analysis are used for the prediction of data extraction algorithms like sequential minimal optimization (SMO), multilayer perceptron (MLP), random forest and Bayes net. The data collected combine the prediction accuracy results, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the PRC value. The performance of Bayes net (94.5%) and random forest (94%) technologies indicates optimum performance rather than the sequential minimal optimization (SMO) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) methods.
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Liodorova, J., K. Mamikonyan, and O. Markina. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE METHODS OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC EXAMINATIONS TO DETERMINE INSOLVENCY." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 20, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 351–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2.2019.27.
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The article describes the methods of financial and economic examinations to determine the insolvency of a company in the Baltic countries, Republic of Armenia, Ukraine, Republic of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Republic of Kazakhstan. The signs of insolvency regulated in legislation of the countries, and international requirements for the validation of expert methods are presented in the article. The authors present the results of a comparative analysis of the considered methods for assessing insolvency and results of testing methods based on data of annual reports of focus group of five Latvian bankrupt companies.
The research has shown that the expert methods of all eight countries are based on a normative approach — comparing the calculated financial ratios with their normative value. In Ukraine, Republic of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Republic of Kazakhstan, the financial ratios and their normative values are approved in the legislation of the countries. In the Baltic countries and Republic of Armenia, these ratios and their values are developed in approved expert methodologies. The method of «net assets» is also used to assess the solvency of large companies.
The test results showed that the methods of the countries reviewed are applicable in practice and give a similar assessment of the solvency of companies as a whole. More similar results present the methods of the Baltic countries, Ukraine and Republic of Belarus. The results of the methods of Republic of Armenia, Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation are more similar to each other, but slightly differ from the previously listed group of countries.
The authors demonstrated the ability to validate the expert methods, which is necessary to use an expert conclusion on the assessment of insolvency as an evidence base in another country.
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Allan, Walter C. "Intraventricular Hemorrhage." Journal of Child Neurology 4, no. 1_suppl (January 1989): S12—S22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073889004001s05.
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A review of the role of ultrasound imaging in the diagnosis and study of intraventricular hemorrhage is presented. The characteristics of both early and late scans of germinal matrix, intraventricular, and intraparenchymal hemorrhage, as well as periventricular leukomalacia, have been worked out over the past decade. There is good agreement between the images and pathologic findings. A system of classification that recognizes the importance of parenchymal lesions and their evolution is suggested. The ability to perform repeated ultrasound examinations of sick premature infants has allowed the gathering of important information about pathophysiology, natural history, and outcome. In turn, these studies allow better interpretation of ultrasound scans in the individual infant. Using sequential scans when parenchymal lesions are found improves prognostic information. Prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage is still a goal. However, judging from the experience at our institution it may be that the subtle application of principles demonstrated by the study of this problem with ultrasound imaging has already begun to prevent intraventricular hemorrhage in some patients. (J Child Neurol 1989;4:S12- S22).
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Seo, Dong Gi. "Overview and current management of computerized adaptive testing in licensing/certification examinations." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 14 (July 26, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2017.14.17.
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Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) has been implemented in high-stakes examinations such as the National Council Licensure Examination-Registered Nurses in the United States since 1994. Subsequently, the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians in the United States adopted CAT for certifying emergency medical technicians in 2007. This was done with the goal of introducing the implementation of CAT for medical health licensing examinations. Most implementations of CAT are based on item response theory, which hypothesizes that both the examinee and items have their own characteristics that do not change. There are 5 steps for implementing CAT: first, determining whether the CAT approach is feasible for a given testing program; second, establishing an item bank; third, pretesting, calibrating, and linking item parameters via statistical analysis; fourth, determining the specification for the final CAT related to the 5 components of the CAT algorithm; and finally, deploying the final CAT after specifying all the necessary components. The 5 components of the CAT algorithm are as follows: item bank, starting item, item selection rule, scoring procedure, and termination criterion. CAT management includes content balancing, item analysis, item scoring, standard setting, practice analysis, and item bank updates. Remaining issues include the cost of constructing CAT platforms and deploying the computer technology required to build an item bank. In conclusion, in order to ensure more accurate estimations of examinees’ ability, CAT may be a good option for national licensing examinations. Measurement theory can support its implementation for high-stakes examinations.
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Hofmeister, Sabrina, Thomas R. O'Neill, and Dennis J. Butler. "Comparative Analysis of the American Board of Family Medicine and American College of Osteopathic Family Physicians In-Training Examinations." Family Medicine 50, no. 10 (November 2, 2018): 746–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2018.205747.
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Background and Objectives: Family medicine residency programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and the American Osteopathic Association typically require their residents to take the American Board of Family Medicine’s In-Training Examination (ITE) and the American College of Osteopathic Family Physicians’ In-Service Examination (ISE). With implementation of the single accreditation system (SAS), is it necessary to administer both examinations? This pilot study assessed whether the degree of similarity for the construct of family medicine knowledge and clinical decision making as measured by both exams is high enough to be considered equivalent and analyzed resident ability distribution on both exams. Methods: A repeated measures design was used to determine how similar and how different the rankings of PGY-3s were with regard to their knowledge of family medicine as measured by the ISE and ITE. Eighteen third-year osteopathic residents participated in the analysis, and the response rate was 100%. Results: The correlation between ISE and ITE rankings was moderately high and significantly different from zero (rs=.76, P<0.05). A Wilcoxon signed rank test indicated that the median ISE score of 62 was not statistically significantly different than the median ITE score of 71 (Z=-0.74, P=0.46, 2-tailed). Conclusions: The lack of a difference on statistical analysis of ISE scores and the ITE scores of the PGY-3 residents suggests that the cohort of osteopathic residents in family residency programs and the cohort of residents in ACGME-accredited programs seem to be of comparable ability, therefore there is no clear justification for administering both examinations.
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Kim, W. G., J. K. Park, H. K. Moon, and J. R. Roh. "Autologous Cardiomyocyte Transplantation Using a Biodegradable Polymer Scaffold." International Journal of Artificial Organs 26, no. 5 (May 2003): 401–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139880302600505.
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Background To achieve a more reliable way of transplanting cardiomyocytes, we conducted an autologous cardiomyocyte transplantation using a biodegradable scaffold, instead of a syringe injection, as a vehicle for transporting cells in an ovine myocardial infarction model. Materials and Methods A myocardial infarction was created in sheep using sequential ligation of the homonymous artery and its diagonal branch. Autologous cardiomyocytes from the right ventricular infundibulum were cultured and seeded onto a biodegradable polymer scaffold. Three months after creating myocardial infarction, the two animals were re-anesthetized and cardiomyocyte-seeded scaffolds were implanted in the infarcted area. The animals were kept alive for a further month, and then sacrificed for postmortem heart examinations. Light microscopic analysis and an immunohistochemical study for myoglobin were performed. Results On postmortem gross examinations, the polymer scaffolds were visible in the background of well-demarcated thin-walled anteroseptal myocardial infarcts. Microscopic analysis showed abundant myoglobin-stained cells between the fiber strands of the polymer scaffolds. However, there is a possibility that some of these cells might have been giant cells reacting to foreign material. Conclusion The transplantation of cultured autologous cardiomyocytes into an infarct region using a biodegradable scaffold instead of syringe injection provides another promising option for cardiomyocyte transplantation, which warrants further study.
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WIMSCHNEIDER, CHRISTINE, and ALEXANDER BREM. "THE PERCEPTION OF CREATIVITY THROUGH MULTICULTURAL EXPERIENCE — RESULTS FROM AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS." International Journal of Innovation Management 23, no. 07 (August 23, 2019): 1950065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919619500658.
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This research is an approach to connect creativity and multicultural experiences (MCEs): we give insights into how and what type of MCE influences people’s perceptive abilities such as creativity. We offer one of the first empirical examinations that links the perception of creativity concept to strategy of acculturation. This study addresses an often-mentioned research gap by examining laypersons’ ability to perceive different levels of creativity. For this, a sample of 195 participants from 26 countries with and without MCE was researched. Findings indicate that attitudes as well as personal and professional goals apparently influence people’s creativity perception. The acculturation strategy integration seems to be a determining factor in this respect. As MCE has become a firm part of many people’s CV, the present paper adds to an omnipresent phenomenon in today’s society, which is worth studying.
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Tromiadis, Ramona, and Radu Hanzu-Pazara. "Applying Determination Models for Human Errors in Sequential Analysis of Maritime Accidents." Advanced Materials Research 837 (November 2013): 780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.837.780.
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Human part in the socio-technical system in which they operate in order to achieve the object of work is essential. This system, because of the technological progress is characterized by a high level of technicality, continuing growth in complexity and danger. In this context, the human operator is required to make a substantial effort, which includes besides standard procedure and operations also emergency resolution calling for the ability to make judgments and assumptions based on the knowledge one holds.The main cause of the growing number of accidents has been attributed specifically to "human error". It is generally considered the fact that human factors contribute to accidents. But there are different opinions on the importance of this factor. Suggestions regarding the proportion of marine accidents caused by human errors vary from 50 to 90% of the total number of accidents. Some research considered that 60% of the total number is due to human error as a direct cause and the remaining of 30% human error is from indirect contributory cause. Effects of active cause are usually noticed almost immediately, while consequences of indirect cause may remain invisible in the system for a long time, until in combination with other factors compromise the system and lead to an accident.Different methodologies are developed, adopted from the investigations on risk analysis to performe the models that will determine the human errors in sequential analysis of maritime accidents.According to IMO resolution, human factors which contribute to marine casualties and incidents may be broadly defined as the acts or omissions, intentional or otherwise, which adversely affect the proper functioning of a particular system, or the successful performance of a particular task. Understanding human factors thus requires a study and analysis of the design of the equipment, the interaction of the human operator with the equipment, and the procedures followed by crew and management.Since human factors are triggered by human errors, which are the main source of risk in maritime activities, it seems important to develop different methodologies that allow a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the real incidence of several human factors over maritime accidents with the aim of taking human factors into account in properly developed risk management plans.
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Snyder, Wayne G. "An Analysis of Michigan EMT Licensure Examination Results as a Predictor of Paramedic Licensure Examination Success." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 11, no. 3 (September 1996): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00042965.
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AbstractIntroduction:Predicting paramedic candidate performance on the written Iicensure examination is of considerable importance to educators, students, employers, and state regulators. There has been little investigation of the available statistical data regarding examinee pass rate and examination score. No studies have measured an examinee's sequential success pattern on the basic emergency medical technician (EMT) or paramedic examinations. There has been no analysis of the relationship between the number of examinations required for successful paramedic Iicensure and examination score.Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency with which paramedic Iicensure examinees successfully pass the State of Michigan written examination on the first or subsequent attempts; to determine the frequency with which the paramedic examinees pass the prerequisite basic EMT Iicensure examination; to determine whether the frequency of paramedic examination attempts is related to examination score; and to determine whether there is a relationship between successfully passing the basic EMT examination and successfully passing the paramedic examination.Methods:A retrospective study of Michigan paramedic Iicensure examination results for 1994 was done on the basis of a review of reports prepared for Michigan Department of Public Health Emergency Medical Services (MDPH-EMS) by Professional Examination Services. Analysis of paramedic examination score and the number of examination attempts is correlated to EMT score and number of attempts required to pass. Success in the first or subsequent paramedic examinations is correlated to paramedic score, and success in passing the first or subsequent EMT examination is then related to success in passing the paramedic examination.Results:Paramedic examinees (n = 869) generated a 72.1% pass rate in 1994 (mean score = 82.2%). The minimum passing score is 80%. The average score for examinees who passed (n = 627) was 86.2 % (95% confidence interval [CI] = 85.8–86.6%); those who failed (n = 242) averaged 71.9% (95% CI = 71.1–72.6%). Paramedic examinees successful on the first attempt (n = 500) had higher average scores (mean = 87.1%; 95% CI = 86.7–87.5%) than did those who required multiple attempts (mean = 82.8%; 95% CI = 82.3–83.3%; n = 127).A total of 702 (90.5%) paramedic examinees passed the EMT examination on the first attempt. Examinees who passed the EMT examination the first time averaged fewer attempts on the paramedic examination (mean 1.5; 95% CI = 1.4–1.6) than did those who required multiple EMT examinations (mean 2.3; 95% CI = 2.0–2.6). Paramedic examinees passing the EMT examination in one attempt had higher average paramedic scores (82.6%; 95% CI = 82.1–83.2%) than those needing multiple EMT attempts (75.5%; 95% CI = 73.4–77.5%).Conclusion:Paramedic examinees who pass their EMT Iicensure examination on the first attempt have a significantly better chance of passing the paramedic Iicensure examination. Paramedic Iicensure examinees who pass the paramedic examination on the first attempt score significantly higher than do examinees who require additional attempts. Paramedic programs should incorporate EMT examination performance into their student selection criteria. Further study of variables predictive of success is needed.
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Mahoto, Naeem Ahmed, Asadullah Shaikh, Mana Saleh Al Reshan, Muhammad Ali Memon, and Adel Sulaiman. "Knowledge Discovery from Healthcare Electronic Records for Sustainable Environment." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 9, 2021): 8900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168900.
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The medical history of a patient is an essential piece of information in healthcare agencies, which keep records of patients. Due to the fact that each person may have different medical complications, healthcare data remain sparse, high-dimensional and possibly inconsistent. The knowledge discovery from such data is not easily manageable for patient behaviors. It becomes a challenge for both physicians and healthcare agencies to discover knowledge from many healthcare electronic records. Data mining, as evidenced from the existing published literature, has proven its effectiveness in transforming large data collections into meaningful information and knowledge. This paper proposes an overview of the data mining techniques used for knowledge discovery in medical records. Furthermore, based on real healthcare data, this paper also demonstrates a case study of discovering knowledge with the help of three data mining techniques: (1) association analysis; (2) sequential pattern mining; (3) clustering. Particularly, association analysis is used to extract frequent correlations among examinations done by patients with a specific disease, sequential pattern mining allows extracting frequent patterns of medical events and clustering is used to find groups of similar patients. The discovered knowledge may enrich healthcare guidelines, improve their processes and detect anomalous patients’ behavior with respect to the medical guidelines.
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Mills, Charles D., Klaus Ley, Kurt Buchmann, and Johnathan Canton. "Sequential Immune Responses: The Weapons of Immunity." Journal of Innate Immunity 7, no. 5 (2015): 443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000380910.
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Sequential immune responses (SIR) is a new model that describes what ‘immunity' means in higher animals. Existing models, such as self/nonself discrimination or danger, focus on how immune responses are initiated. However, initiation is not protection. SIR describes the actual immune responses that provide protection. SIR resulted from a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of immune systems that revealed that several very different types of host innate responses occur (and at different tempos) which together provide host protection. SIR1 uses rapidly activated enzymes like the NADPH oxidases and is present in all animal cells. SIR2 is mediated by the first ‘immune' cells: macrophage-like cells. SIR3 evolved in animals like invertebrates and provides enhanced protection through advanced macrophage recognition and killing of pathogens and through other innate immune cells such as neutrophils. Finally, in vertebrates, macrophages developed SIR4: the ability to present antigens to T cells. Though much slower than SIR1-3, adaptive responses provide a unique new protection for higher vertebrates. Importantly, newer SIR responses were added on top of older, evolutionarily conserved functions to provide ‘layers' of host protection. SIR transcends existing models by elucidating the different weapons of immunity that provide host protection in higher animals.
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Alhajouj, Mohammed S., Ghadah S. Alsharif, and Ahmed A. Mirza. "Impact of Sequential Passaging on Protein Expression of E. coli Using Proteomics Analysis." International Journal of Microbiology 2020 (July 30, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2716202.
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Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most prevalent bacterial infections in the world affecting the bladder and the kidney. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the main causative agent of 80–90% of community-acquired UTIs, about 40% of nosocomial UTIs, and 25% of recurrent UTIs. The field of proteomics has emerged as a great tool to analyze expressed proteins to identify possible biomarkers associated with many pathological states and, to the same extent, those associated with bacterial pathogenesis and their ability to cause recurrent infections. Here, in a descriptive cross-sectional pilot study, we employed proteomic techniques to investigate the effects of environmental stress on protein profiles of E. coli simulated by sequential passaging of samples from patients with UTIs to screen for unique proteins that arise under stressful environment and could aid in the early detection of UTIs. Four urine samples were collected from individuals with recurrent UTI and sequentially subcultured; protein samples were extracted from bacterial pellets and analyzed using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE). Protein spots of interest arising from changes in the protein profile were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and matched against known databases to identify related proteins. We identified ATPB_ECOBW, ASPA ECOLI, DPS ECOL6, and DCEB ECOLI as proteins associated with higher passaging. We concluded that passaging resulted in identifiable changes in the protein profile of E. coli, namely, proteins that are associated with survival and possible adaptation of bacteria, suggestive of factors contributing to antibiotic resistance and recurrent UTIs. Furthermore, our method could be further used to identify indicator-protein candidates that could be a part of a growing protein database to diagnose and identify causative agents in UTIs.
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Watanabe, Masako Ema. "Typology of Abilities Tested in University Entrance Examinations: Comparisons of the United States, Japan, Iran and France." Comparative Sociology 14, no. 1 (April 29, 2015): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341339.
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This study proposes a typology of abilities tested by university entrance examinations with types of knowledge (experiential versus academic) and objective (instrumental versus value) as indices. Four types of abilities are extracted: generic, communal, nomothetic, and political. The proposed typology is examined by past questions on literature subject exams in four countries. The analysis reveals that the sat in the United States measures effective reasoning for versatile application, whereas the National Center Test in Japan examines the ability to infer human emotions for the creation of inner-community. The Iranian konkur tests the understanding of universal laws for guiding principle in life and French baccalauréat tests the mastery of dialectical procedure for innovation. Entrance examinations reveal the types of abilities and attitude each society values. The proposed typology aids in understanding their qualitative differences, which past studies were unable to elucidate.
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Stewart, Ethan, Megan Stewart, Jeffrey Simpson, Adam Knight, Harish Chander, and Robert Shapiro. "Sequential order of swing phase initiation in baseball." Journal of Sports Analytics 6, no. 3 (September 17, 2020): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jsa-200394.
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In order to successfully hit a baseball, hitters must utilize a series of preparatory movements (swing phases) which include shifting their body weight, stepping, landing, and swinging. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences between start times for swing phases (shifting, stepping, landing, and swinging)for currently active baseball players. Participants (n = 12) were all current collegiate baseball athletes. Retroreflective markers, surface electromyography (EMG) and two force platforms were utilized to complete a swing analysis. Each participant completed five swinging trials off a tee. All dependent variables were compared using a repeated measures 1×4 ANOVA with LSD post hoc comparison (p < 0.05) if necessary. The results demonstrated that the participants started the swing phases in a statistically significant sequence of shifting, stepping, landing, and swinging. The ability of the athletes to start the swing phases in this sequential order may be advantageous to regulate spatial parameters of their swing and provide more time to generate power. These results allow for coaches to better understand how to instruct their athletes to be successful at the plate.
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Yang, Yoonhee, and Dongsun Yim. "A Meta-analysis of Language Abilities and Executive Function for Children with Cochlear Implants." Audiology and Speech Research 17, no. 3 (July 31, 2021): 278–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21848/asr.210006.
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The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in language ability and executive functions of children with cochlear implants (CI) and their peer normal hearing (NH) children, and to find out whether the auditory history (duration of CI use, age at implantation) of CI group plays a role as a moderator in controlling the effect size of the differences of the CI and NH groups. A total of 77 articles were searched, 11 studies which met the inclusive and exclusive criteria were selected from three electronic databases (Academic Search Complete, PsycInfo, PubMed). As a result, significant differences were identified in language ability and the five executive function subtypes (working memory, inhibition, shifting, emotion control, and sustained sequential processing) between two groups. But, the hearing history of CI group (duration of CI use, age at implantation) did not appear as a significant moderator. In conclusion, CI children’s language ability and executive function should be precisely monitored and regularly evaluated. In addition, we discussed the possibility that some executive function abilities (plan/organize, attention, and visuo-spatial organization) will remain in CI group. For the follow-up study, we need to identify various factors that support the CI children.
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Jiang, Zhen, and Yong-Zhao Zhan. "A Novel Diversity-Based Semi-Supervised Learning Framework with Related Theoretical Analysis." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 24, no. 03 (June 2015): 1550011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213015500116.
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We present a new co-training style framework and combine it with ensemble learning to further improve the generalization ability. By employing different strategies to combine co-training with ensemble learning, two learning algorithms, Sequential Ensemble Co-Learning (SECL) and Parallel Ensemble Co-Learning (PECL) are developed. Furthermore, we propose a weighted bagging method in PECL to generate an ensemble of diverse classifiers at the end of co-training. Finally, based on the voting margin, an upper bound on the generalization error of multi-classifier voting systems is given in the presence of both classification noise and distribution noise. Experimental results on six datasets show that our method performs better than other compared algorithms.
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Li, Yi, and Zhengxing Sun. "Articulated Human Motion Tracking Using Sequential Immune Genetic Algorithm." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/921510.
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We formulate human motion tracking as a high-dimensional constrained optimization problem. A novel generative method is proposed for human motion tracking in the framework of evolutionary computation. The main contribution is that we introduce immune genetic algorithm (IGA) for pose optimization in latent space of human motion. Firstly, we perform human motion analysis in the learnt latent space of human motion. As the latent space is low dimensional and contents the prior knowledge of human motion, it makes pose analysis more efficient and accurate. Then, in the search strategy, we apply IGA for pose optimization. Compared with genetic algorithm and other evolutionary methods, its main advantage is the ability to use the prior knowledge of human motion. We design an IGA-based method to estimate human pose from static images for initialization of motion tracking. And we propose a sequential IGA (S-IGA) algorithm for motion tracking by incorporating the temporal continuity information into the traditional IGA. Experimental results on different videos of different motion types show that our IGA-based pose estimation method can be used for initialization of motion tracking. The S-IGA-based motion tracking method can achieve accurate and stable tracking of 3D human motion.
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Aoyama, Norio, Toshiya Fujii, Sayuri Kida, Ichirota Nozawa, Kentaro Taniguchi, Motoki Fujiwara, Taizo Iwane, Katsushi Tamaki, and Masato Minabe. "Association of Periodontal Status, Number of Teeth, and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study in Japan." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020208.
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Recent reports have shown an association between obesity and periodontitis, but the precise relationship between these conditions has yet to be clarified. The purpose of this study was to compare the status of periodontitis, tooth loss, and obesity. Participants comprised 235 patients at the Center for Medical and Dental Collaboration in Kanagawa Dental University Hospital between 2018 and 2020. Clinical examinations such as blood testing, body composition analysis, periodontal measurement, assessment of chewing ability, salivary testing, and oral malodor analysis were performed. Periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) was significantly associated with the number of teeth and body mass index (BMI). The number of teeth was negatively associated with age, but positively with chewing ability. Chewing ability was associated negatively with age, and positively with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). The level of methyl-mercaptan in breath and protein and leukocyte scores from salivary testing were positively associated with PISA. The rate of insufficient chewing ability was increased in subjects with hemoglobin (Hb)A1c ≥ 7%. The high PISA group showed increased hsCRP. BMI as an obesity marker was positively associated with PISA, indicating periodontal inflammation. Chewing ability was related to serum markers such as HbA1c and hsCRP.
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Aoyama, Norio, Toshiya Fujii, Sayuri Kida, Ichirota Nozawa, Kentaro Taniguchi, Motoki Fujiwara, Taizo Iwane, Katsushi Tamaki, and Masato Minabe. "Association of Periodontal Status, Number of Teeth, and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study in Japan." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020208.
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Recent reports have shown an association between obesity and periodontitis, but the precise relationship between these conditions has yet to be clarified. The purpose of this study was to compare the status of periodontitis, tooth loss, and obesity. Participants comprised 235 patients at the Center for Medical and Dental Collaboration in Kanagawa Dental University Hospital between 2018 and 2020. Clinical examinations such as blood testing, body composition analysis, periodontal measurement, assessment of chewing ability, salivary testing, and oral malodor analysis were performed. Periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) was significantly associated with the number of teeth and body mass index (BMI). The number of teeth was negatively associated with age, but positively with chewing ability. Chewing ability was associated negatively with age, and positively with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). The level of methyl-mercaptan in breath and protein and leukocyte scores from salivary testing were positively associated with PISA. The rate of insufficient chewing ability was increased in subjects with hemoglobin (Hb)A1c ≥ 7%. The high PISA group showed increased hsCRP. BMI as an obesity marker was positively associated with PISA, indicating periodontal inflammation. Chewing ability was related to serum markers such as HbA1c and hsCRP.
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Martin, Wolfgang, and Friedrich Weber. "Regression of the Time-Keeping Ability in Carabid Beetles by Phylogenetic Adaptation to Cave Conditions." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 40, no. 5-6 (June 1, 1985): 438–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1985-5-625.
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Abstract Locomotor activity patterns of six cavernicolous carabid species representing the course of regressive evolution have been investigated under constant conditions. The analysis establishes new relationships between the circadian structure of the activity patterns observed under constant conditions (LL and D D) and the phylogenetic adaptation to cave conditions. This is due to the mathematical method used for investigating the activity patterns, i. e. the Wigner-Ville spectrum that enables the evaluation of nonstationarities. It overcomes the hypothesis of stationarity which was the base of previous examinations. The new method delivers a more refined gradual decrease of the stability of the circadian pattern of activity in cavernicolous beetles than could be achieved by classical periodogram analysis. It is also shown that the locomotion patterns of extremely evolved troglobitic clearly deviate from a purely signal-free (white noise) structure. Possible timekeeping mechanisms that may cause the measured stabilities and regressive lines of possible evolutionary development are discussed.
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Farrell, Lesley. "Making Grades." Australian Journal of Education 41, no. 2 (August 1997): 134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419704100204.
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THE focus of this paper is on the role that culture plays in shaping the way examiners arrive at assessments of candidates' relative academic ability in tertiary entrance examinations. In attempting to understand this process, I call on notions of ‘Discourse’, especially of the kind developed by Gee (1991, 1992, 1994). When examiners ‘make grades’, they call on culturally specific understandings of what counts as a ‘literate essay’, a ‘relevant’ argument, and an appropriate relationship between candidate and examiner. I start with a discussion of tertiary entrance examinations, move to a discussion of Discourse and conclude with an analysis of one set of examiners' reports. Examiners use underlying discourse structure as the basis on which they make their judgements about academic merit, and that these judgements are culturally situated and do, therefore, realise cultural values. However, although they are clearly culturally situated, they gain their legitimacy in the public arena by an appeal to the universality of standards of academic merit.
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Arbelot, Charlotte, Felippe Leopoldo Dexheimer Neto, Yuzhi Gao, Hélène Brisson, Wang Chunyao, Jie Lv, Carmen Silvia Valente Barbas, et al. "Lung Ultrasound in Emergency and Critically Ill Patients." Anesthesiology 132, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 899–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000003096.
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Abstract Background Lung ultrasound is increasingly used in critically ill patients as an alternative to bedside chest radiography, but the best training method remains uncertain. This study describes a training curriculum allowing trainees to acquire basic competence. Methods This multicenter, prospective, and educational study was conducted in 10 Intensive Care Units in Brazil, China, France and Uruguay. One hundred residents, respiratory therapists, and critical care physicians without expertise in transthoracic ultrasound (trainees) were trained by 18 experts. The main study objective was to determine the number of supervised exams required to get the basic competence, defined as the trainees’ ability to adequately classify lung regions with normal aeration, interstitial–alveolar syndrome, and lung consolidation. An initial 2-h video lecture provided the rationale for image formation and described the ultrasound patterns commonly observed in critically ill and emergency patients. Each trainee performed 25 bedside ultrasound examinations supervised by an expert. The progression in competence was assessed every five supervised examinations. In a new patient, 12 pulmonary regions were independently classified by the trainee and the expert. Results Progression in competence was derived from the analysis of 7,330 lung regions in 2,562 critically ill and emergency patients. After 25 supervised examinations, 80% of lung regions were adequately classified by trainees. The ultrasound examination mean duration was 8 to 10 min in experts and decreased from 19 to 12 min in trainees (after 5 vs. 25 supervised examinations). The median training duration was 52 (42, 82) days. Conclusions A training curriculum including 25 transthoracic ultrasound examinations supervised by an expert provides the basic skills for diagnosing normal lung aeration, interstitial–alveolar syndrome, and consolidation in emergency and critically ill patients. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New
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Steidl, Christian, Rainer Schabla, Ulrich Germing, Barbara Hildebrandt, Thomas Noesslinger, Michael Pfeilstoecker, Aristoteles Giagounidis, et al. "Sequential Cytogenetic Analyses of 577 Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Correlations between Initial Karyotype, Cytogenetic Dynamics, and Clinical Course." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 2531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.2531.2531.
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Abstract Myelodysplastic syndromes are dynamic diseases presenting with different clinical courses ranging from almost stable courses to rapid progression to acute myeloid leukemias. Karyotype is one of the most important prognostic factors and defines subgroups of favorable, intermediate and adverse prognosis. So far, comparably low attention has been payed on karyotypic changes occuring in sequential cytogentic examinations during the course of the disease. We retrospectively examined karyotypes of 577 patients with MDS or AML with previous history of MDS and at least two successfully performed metaphase analyses. The cytogenetic and clinical data was collected from 5 different centres of the “Kompetenznetz Akute und Chronische Leukaemien” (Duesseldorf, Duisburg, Freiburg, Goettingen, Vienna). Compared to the inital karyotype, karyotype evolution was defined as acquisition of additional aberrations, expansion of an aberrant clone by more than 20% or development of a completely aberrant karyotype after a former mosaic karyotype. According to these criteria, we found karyotype evolution in 155 cases (27%). 2–8 cytogenetic examinations have been performed per case. In 121 cases additional aberrations occured and in 34 cases the aberrant clone expanded in a subsequent analysis. In the group of patients with expansion of the aberrant clone the most frequent karyotypes were 5q- (9x) and +8 (7x). The most frequent aberrant karyotypes later acquiring additional aberrations were complex (22x) and karyotypes with two aberrations (11x), but in the vast majority of cases additional aberrations occurred on basis of a normal karyotype (70x). The most frequent additional aberrations were −7/7q- (23x), 5q- (11x) and +8 (11x). In the group of initially normal karyotypes patients with karyotype evolution had a shorter survivial (p<0.05). In summary, partial or complete momosomy 7 is the most frequent additional aberration in sequential cytogenetic analyses, indicating progression of disease. Due to their genetic instability complex karyotypes or karyotypes with 2 aberrations typically acquire additional anomalies in the course, whereas karyotypes with 5q- and +8 tend to have comparably stable courses. Furthermore, we show that also cases with a normal karyotype can harbour genetic instability as in 12% of all cases a normal karyotype evolved into an aberrant karyotype which was associated with a worse prognosis compared to stable normal karyotypes. Subgroup analyses are necessary to address correlations with therapy, time to AML progression, and the dependency on examination intervals.
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Toyoizumi, Taro. "Nearly Extensive Sequential Memory Lifetime Achieved by Coupled Nonlinear Neurons." Neural Computation 24, no. 10 (October 2012): 2678–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00324.
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Many cognitive processes rely on the ability of the brain to hold sequences of events in short-term memory. Recent studies have revealed that such memory can be read out from the transient dynamics of a network of neurons. However, the memory performance of such a network in buffering past information has been rigorously estimated only in networks of linear neurons. When signal gain is kept low, so that neurons operate primarily in the linear part of their response nonlinearity, the memory lifetime is bounded by the square root of the network size. In this work, I demonstrate that it is possible to achieve a memory lifetime almost proportional to the network size, “an extensive memory lifetime,” when the nonlinearity of neurons is appropriately used. The analysis of neural activity revealed that nonlinear dynamics prevented the accumulation of noise by partially removing noise in each time step. With this error-correcting mechanism, I demonstrate that a memory lifetime of order [Formula: see text] can be achieved.
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Zheng, Yafeng, Haogang Bao, Jun Shen, and Xuesong Zhai. "Investigating Sequence Patterns of Collaborative Problem-Solving Behavior in Online Collaborative Discussion Activity." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 15, 2020): 8522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208522.
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Collaborative problem solving (CPS) is an influential human behavior affecting working performance and well-being. Previous studies examined CPS behavior from the perspective of either social or cognitive dimensions, which leave a research gap from the interactive perspective. In addition, the traditional sequence analysis method failed to combine time sequences and sub-problem sequences together while analyzing behavioral patterns in CPS. This study proposes a developed schema for the multidimensional analysis of CPS. A combination sequential analysis approach that comprises time sequences and sub-problem sequences is also employed to explore CPS patterns. A total of 191 students were recruited and randomly grouped into 38 teams (four to six students per team) in the online collaborative discussion activity. Their discussion transcripts were coded while they conducted CPS, followed by the assessment of high- and low- performance groups according to the developed schema and sequential analysis. With the help of the new analysis method, the findings indicate that a deep exploratory discussion is generated from conflicting viewpoints, which promotes improved problem-solving outcomes and perceptions. In addition, evidence-based rationalization can motivate collaborative behavior effectively. The results demonstrated the potential power of automatic sequential analysis with multidimensional behavior and its ability to provide quantitative descriptions of group interactions in the investigated threaded discussions.
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Wang, Chuncheng. "Efficient English Translation Method and Analysis Based on the Hybrid Neural Network." Mobile Information Systems 2021 (May 13, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9985251.
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Neural machine translation has been widely concerned in recent years. The traditional sequential neural network framework of English translation has obvious disadvantages because of its poor ability to capture long-distance information, and the current improved framework, such as the recurrent neural network, still cannot solve this problem very well. In this paper, we propose a hybrid neural network that combines the convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) and introduce the attention mechanism based on the encoder-decoder structure to improve the translation accuracy, especially for long sentences. In the experiment, this model is implemented based on TensorFlow, and the results show that the BLEU value of the proposed method is obviously improved compared with the traditional machine learning model, which proves the effectiveness of our method in English-Chinese translation.
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Habib, Md Ahsan, Humayun Kabir Talukder, Md Mahbubur Rahman, and Shahnila Ferdousi. "Post-application Quality Analysis of MCQs of Preclinical Examination Using Item Analysis." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education 7, no. 1 (April 18, 2017): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjme.v7i1.32220.
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) have considerable role in the preclinical medical assessment, both formative as well as summative. This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted to observe the quality of MC items (completion type) of anatomy, biochemistry and physiology used in preclinical undergraduate medical examinations of 2012 and 2013 of a public university of Bangladesh. Each MC item had a stem and 5 options, and 1200 options were analyzed for difficulty and discrimination indices. Total 556 options were false statements (distracters) and were analyzed to observe their effectiveness as distracter. The study revealed that 18.67% of options were with appropriate difficulty (0.660.80). Highest frequency (43.5%) of difficulty indices was in easy class interval (0.911). Over all frequencies of items of three subjects in the ascending order were difficult, appropriate, marginal and easy as per their difficulty indices. Satisfactory or better discrimination indices (=0.20) were observed in 29.33% options. The mean difficulty and discrimination indices observed were respectively 0.82±0.18 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81 to 0.83) and 0.13±0.14 (95% CI 0.122 to 0.138). Out of the options, 6.75% had negative discrimination indices. Items with difficulty index around 0.60 had maximum discriminatory power (up to 0.68) and more difficult as well as easy items had less discriminatory ability. Out of the distracters 83.45% were observed effective and the mean effectiveness was 22.3±18.7% (95% CI 20.75% to 23.85%). The study recommended using the method and findings to improve the quality of the items leading to development of a standard Question Bank.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.7(1) 2016: 2-7
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Warwick, Neil R., Garry G. Graham, and Thomas A. Torda. "Pharmacokinetic Analysis of the Effect of Vecuronium in Surgical Patients." Anesthesiology 88, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 874–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199804000-00005.
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Background Methods of the kinetic analysis of vecuronium based on effect only were developed but have been limited by the short time period of the studies. Using a multicompartment model and sequential dosing, the authors studied the ability of tests to determine most pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of vecuronium without measuring plasma concentrations. Methods The time course of neuromuscular blockade by successive bolus doses of vecuronium was recorded using electromyography. Inhibition of neuromuscular transmission by vecuronium was modeled by a biexponential decline in the concentrations in the central compartment and first-order transfer between the central and the effect compartments responsible for the inhibition of the first (T1) and fourth (T4) responses to train-of-four stimulation. Results The time course of the effect of vecuronium was described well by the model. The mean half-lives of equilibration between plasma and the effect compartments to inhibit T1 and T4 were 2.5 and 3.2 min, respectively. The mean half-lives of distribution and elimination from the central compartment were 7.7 and 7.8 min, respectively. From the kinetic and dynamic parameters calculated after two and three doses, the time taken to recover to 50% of the maximal block of T1 was predicted for the succeeding dose. The mean prediction errors (100 x [absolute difference between actual and predicted times]/actual) were 13.6% (range, 0-40%) and 15% (range, 0-25%) after three and four doses, respectively. Conclusions After sequential doses, measurement of the time course of the effect of vecuronium yields pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters with clinically acceptable accuracy in individual patients.
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Chen, C. F., D. E. Robinson, L. S. Wilson, K. A. Griffiths, A. Manoharan, and B. D. Doust. "Clinical Sound Speed Measurement in Liver and Spleen in Vivo." Ultrasonic Imaging 9, no. 4 (October 1987): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173468700900401.
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The paper describes an implementation of clinical sound speed measurement using either a commercial water path scanner or a specially developed dual transducer real time scanner, each interfaced to a general purpose minicomputer for off-line analysis. It describes the examination technique to obtain suitable in vivo clinical data from the liver and the spleen. It develops signal processing methods to achieve clinical confidence in individual measurements. Forty-five liver patients and 46 spleen patients were examined. Sound speed was found to correlate closely with fibrosis content in both the liver and the spleen with an increase in fibrosis resulting in a decrease in sound speed. Sound speed in various pathological conditions are discussed. Clinical results of sequential examinations on patients under treatment are presented and successful monitoring of the disease status is demonstrated. The potential clinical role of sound speed measurement is suggested.
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Harasym, P. H., E. J. Leong, B. B. Juschka, G. E. Lucier, and F. L. Lorscheider. "Relationship between Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and Gregorc Style Delineator." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 3_suppl (June 1996): 1203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.3c.1203.
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The relationship between the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and Gregorc Style Delineator, and achievement was examined by administering these instruments to 259 first-year nursing students enrolled in an introductory human anatomy and physiology course. A principal component factor analysis using a varimax rotation of the scores from the two psychometric instruments, achievement examinations, and an over-all grade point average indicated that each learning style from the Gregorc Style Delineator corresponds to certain traits on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. An individual who had a preference for the learning style of Concrete Sequential tended to have the traits of sensing and judging on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, while an individual who used the learning style of Concrete Random tended to have the traits of intuition and perceiving on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. One who had a preference for the learning style of Abstract Sequential tended to use the trait of thinking while another who used the learning style of Abstract Random tended to have the trait of feeling. The factor analysis also indicates no relationship of any scores of the traits on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator or learning styles of the Gregore Style Delineator with the examination scores achieved in the human anatomy and physiology course or to the students' over-all grade point average. However, factor analysis indicates that the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator traits of Judging vs Perceiving collapsed into the Sensing vs Intuition scale, and that the Gregore Style Delineator consists of two bipolar scales that are different from those proposed by Gregorc.
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Miksad, Rebecca A., Mithat Gönen, Thomas J. Lynch, and Thomas G. Roberts. "Interpreting Trial Results in Light of Conflicting Evidence: A Bayesian Analysis of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 13 (May 1, 2009): 2245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.16.2586.
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PurposeWhen successive randomized trials contradict prior evidence, clinicians may be unsure how to evaluate them: Does accumulating evidence warrant changing practice? An increasingly popular solution, Bayesian statistics quantitatively evaluate new results in context. This study provides a clinically relevant example of Bayesian methods.MethodsThree recent non–small-cell lung cancer adjuvant chemotherapy trials were evaluated in light of prior conflicting data. Results were used from International Adjuvant Lung Trial (IALT), JBR.10, and Adjuvant Navelbine International Trialist Association (ANITA). Prior evidence was sequentially updated to calculate the probability of each survival benefit level (overall and by stage) and variance. Sensitivity analysis was performed using expert opinion and uninformed estimates of survival benefit prior probability.ResultsThe probability of a 4% survival benefit increased from 33% before IALT to 64% after IALT. After sequential updating with JBR.10 and ANITA, this probability was 82% (hazard ratio = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.91). IALT produced the largest decrease in variance (61%) and decreased the chance of survival decrement to 0%. Sensitivity analysis did not support a survival benefit after IALT. However, sequential updating substantiated a 4% survival benefit and, for stage II and III, more than 90% probability of a 6% benefit and 50% probability of a 12% benefit.ConclusionWhen evaluated in context with prior data, IALT did not support a 4% survival benefit. However, sequential updating with JBR.10 and ANITA did. A model for future assessments, this study demonstrates the unique ability of Bayesian analysis to evaluate results that contradict prior evidence.
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Bondarenko, Irina, and Kristinа Velikodna. "Analysis of interbreeding and age-dependent indexes of reproductive ability of cows." Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Veterinary Medicine, no. 2 (49) (October 28, 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.vet.2020.2.7.
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Comparative estimation of the periods sexual cycle under futile inseminations cortex and heifers sexual mature age in facilities Sumy region.
The profitability of dairy farming in the farms of Sumy region will remain an unresolved issue to this day, as the indicators of reproductive capacity of breeding cows and repair heifers need analysis and correction. Inadequate feeding and inadequate care of pregnant cows and parturients are often added to this. As a consequence of the above - the reproductive capacity inherent in this species of animals is not fully realized, most cows remain infertile, and farms are short of calves and milk. The percentage of barren animals can be calculated only at the end of the calendar year, taking into account the data of statistical reporting, while infertility must be fought daily. Detection of infertile animals is effective only in the case of regular obstetric and gynecological medical examinations on the farm. It is during this time that experts find out the causes and calculate the percentage of the main components of infertility, which includes anaphrodisia. The article presents the results of the study of the main folds of anaphrodisia of cows and repair heifers of the experimental farm of Sumy region. The results of obstetric and gynecological examination, indicators of reproductive capacity of cows and heifers of mating age, reflect the basis of technology used in the economy, the intensity of use of breeding stock, as well as determine the economic feasibility of livestock in general. The main indicators of reproductive capacity of cows in the conditions of livestock farms are: indicators of inseminations, fertility, number of hotels, indicators of fruitless inseminations, and also duration of the service period The aim of the research was to study and analyze the components of anaphrodisia of cows and repair heifers of the farm during the experimental years. The results obtained will be a criterion for assessing the state of reproductive function of the uterine population of cattle. The research was conducted at Kosivshchynska Agricultural Company, Sumy District, Sumy Region, on Holstein-Friesian cows during 2019-2020. The main indicators of reproduction of uterine cattle were studied on the basis of annual reports. The obtained digital material was processed by methods of variation statistics using Student's parametric t-test. It was found that a significant percentage of culled animals occurred due to functional disorders of reproductive ability, namely due to repeated and ineffective inseminations. It was found that in 2019, 19.3% showed a sexual cycle after calving in less than 30 days, in 2020 - 18.9%, in 31-60 days in 2019 - 27%, in 2020 - 26%, in 61 -90 days in 2020 - 52.7%, in 2019 - 51.8%, for 91-120 days in 2019 - 22.1%, in 2020 - 23.5%. There is a steady growth of the service period, which worsens the performance of the experimental economy. It was found that the largest percentage of culled cows and repair heifers were animals with anaphrodisia: in 2019 33.7% of the total number of culled animals, in 2020 - 51.10%. The number of inseminations during the experimental years decreased, and the insemination index increased : in 2019 it was equal to 60, and in 2020 -80. Studies in this area highlight the problem of infertility in cattle, which encourages the study of this issue, and the search for ways to solve this problem.