Journal articles: 'Abrasion resistance'

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Kouketsu, Fernanda, Daniel Pacholok, Tiago Cousseau, and Carlos Henrique da Silva. "Abrasive wear resistance of idler roll polymeric materials." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 10, no. 3 (August 26, 2022): 034002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/ac89a2.

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Abstract Idler rolls are an integral part of belt conveyors. Recently, steel idler rolls have been replaced with polymeric ones in low to middle load applications, bringing several advantages due to the polymer’s lightweight and low abrasiveness in the conveyor belt. However, using polymeric material for high load application brings challenges, particularly presenting similar structural and abrasion resistance to steel. This work puts forwards a methodology using a rubber-wheel tribometer to evaluate the abrasion resistance of polymeric idler rolls in their most severe operating condition (halted idler roll) and defines a threshold limit based on the results obtained with steel idler rolls. The methodology was applied to 07 different polymeric materials. To further understand materials abrasions resistance, scratching tests were performed, and the main wear mechanisms, verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and abrasion factor (FAB), were discussed along with the material properties. The main conclusions are: i) some polymeric materials present abrasion resistance similar to steel rolls; ii) the wear micromechanisms, verified by SEM and FAB, are good indicators of abrasion resistance of the materials but insufficient because they do not include temperature and fatigue effects resulting from multi abrasive events; iii) the additive fillers significantly altered the abrasive resistance of materials, although they do not change the material properties significantly.

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ZDRAVECKÁ, E., J. TKÁČOVÁ, and M. ONDÁČ. "Effect of microstructure factors on abrasion resistance of high-strength steels." Research in Agricultural Engineering 60, No. 3 (September 12, 2014): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/20/2013-rae.

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Current development of high strength abrasion resistant steels is mostly oriented on high hardness, martensitic concept following the hypothesis that the abrasion resistance holds a proportional tendency with hardness. The various experimental observations have suggested that the high hardness of martenzite does not guarantee a high abrasion resistance because the brittle nature of martensite can lead to decrease their abrasive wear. The aim of this work was to analyse the influence of microstructure on abrasion resistance of selected high-strength low-alloyed steels used in the industry. The abrasive wear resistance of selected steels was obtained using an ASTM-G65 three-body abrasive wear test, microstructure and wear resistance determination. It was observed that grain refinement is an effective way of enhancing the abrasion resistance. In this context, micro alloyed steels offer an attractive combination of price and performance.

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Suherna, Suherna, Patunru P, and Maspah Maspah. "ANALISIS KETAHANAN ABRASI MATERIAL OUTSOLE POLYURETHANE (PU) & NITRILE BUTADINE RUBBER (NBR) PADA SAFETY SHOES CHEETAH DI PT. X." SINTEK JURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/sintek.13.1.26-31.

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Improved quality, strength and life time in terms of abrasion resistance on safety shoes outsole Cheetah material where the process use of some material has decreased in quality, besides due to usage factors, maintenance factors, and some of these materials also experience problems during use. This study is done to determine the abrasion resistance of each Outsole Polyurethane (PU) material and Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR). Abrasion resistance test on the material method used the DIN Abrasion tester. Retrieval of data on outsole material was carried out on the outsole material with new conditions and that has been used in the field for a period of 1 year with a method of measuring abrasion resistance index and density of material. Calculation of average abrasion resistance for new Polyurethane (PU) type was 37 , 11 mm3 / year, while the average abrasion resistance for Polyurethane (PU) type that has been used for 1 year was 33.19 mm3 / year so that the difference is 3.92 mm3 / year or about 11% quality decrease of abrasion resistance. The average abrasion resistance with the new Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) type was 108.26 mm3 / year, the average abrasion resistance for Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) type with conditions already used in 1 year period was 107.44 mm3 / year so that the difference is 0.82 mm3 / year or about 1% decrease in quality decrease of abrasion resistance. Abrasion tolerance limits that have been set according to the SOP (Standard Operational Procedure) against abrasion resistance if SG ≥ 0.9 then the Abrasive Max is 150 and if SG ≤ 0.9 Then the Abrasive Max is 250.

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Kawalec, M., and E. Olejnik. "Abrasive Wear Resistance of Cast Iron with Precipitates of Spheroidal VC Carbides." Archives of Foundry Engineering 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10266-012-0065-2.

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Abrasive Wear Resistance of Cast Iron with Precipitates of Spheroidal VC Carbides The paper presents the results of abrasive wear resistance tests carried out on high-vanadium cast iron with spheroidal VC carbides. The cast iron of eutectic composition was subjected to spheroidising treatment using magnesium master alloy. The tribological properties were examined for the base cast iron (W), for the cast iron subjected to spheroidising treatment (S) and for the abrasion-resistant steel (SH). Studies have shown that high-vanadium cast iron with both eutectic carbides and spheroidal carbides has the abrasion resistance twice as high as the abrasion-resistant cast steel. The spheroidisation of VC carbides did not change the abrasion resistance compared to the base high-vanadium grade.

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Jerkovic, Ivona, Josep Maria Pallarés, Monica Ardanuy, and Xavier Capdevila. "Abrasive Elements and Abrasion Resistance Tests for Car Seat Upholstery." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 8, no. 3 (September 2013): 155892501300800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501300800304.

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The weight of textile components in automobiles is expected to rise to 35 kg by 2020, and the average lifetime of a vehicle is about 12 years. Car seats are the most important part of the interior decoration, and polyester is the most widely used material in car seat covering. Abrasion resistance tests are used to quantify the duration of car seat upholstery in normal usage, and this is one of the most important requirements. Several testing methods, standards, and car producer specifications have been developed to define the abrasion resistance of specified materials, and pre-tests have been taken to identify parameters for this research. The objective of this study was to compare three abrasion tests with different abrasive elements using car seat upholstery structures. Comparison among abrasion testers and abrasive papers shows statistically significant differences. The relationship between weight loss and abrasion cycles can be modelled by regression equations.

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Liu, Yong Hong, Yun Zhe Deng, and Xi Shu Deng. "Effect of Chemical Composition and Microstructure on Abrasion Resistance of Surfacing Materials." Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.111.

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The influence of chemical composition, hardness and microstructure on resistance to abrasive wear of four kinds surfacing materials was studied. According to the results, coarse and massive carbides are not benefit for abrasion resistance, by decreasing continuity of matrix. Tiny and fine dispersed carbides combined with high toughness matrix, despite the relatively low hardness, ensure excellent abrasion resistance. Besides, material with single phase of martensite shows low hardness and low abrasion resistance.

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Takino, H., N. Isobe, H. Tobori, and S. Kohjiya. "Effect of Cohesion Loss Factor on Wet Skid Resistance of Tread Rubber." Tire Science and Technology 26, no. 4 (October 1, 1998): 258–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2135972.

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Abstract The effect of cohesion loss factor on wet skid resistance has not been studied systematically using three major factors, i.e., adhesion, hysteresis, and cohesion. Two different abrasions, PICO and BPST, as the cohesion loss factor were investigated for different polymers, carbon black grades, and carbon black/oil loadings. These two abrasion mechanisms are quite different, and BPST abrasion was concluded to be more suitable as a cohesion loss factor for the BPST (wsn) and tire wet μa. From the difference between PICO and BPST abrasions, superior material factors were analyzed from the viewpoint of the compatibility of both abrasion life and wet skid resistance of tire.

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MUNTEANU, CORNELIU, DANIELA-LUCIA CHICET, BOGDAN ISTRATE, MARCELIN BENCHEA, and C. PAULIN. "Evaluation of abrasive wear resistance of self-fluxing Ni-base coatings by scratch testing." Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation 8, no. 1 (March 24, 2023): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2023.8.1.31.

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"Abrasion wear is one of the most dominant types of wear in many applications, causing over 50% of all wear failures [1]. The abrasive wear phenomenon could be classified regarding several aspects: a) the position of the abrasive particles: two-body abrasion if they are fixed, or three-body abrasion if they are free to slide and/or roll, b) the stresses involved: gouging abrasion, high-stress abrasion (grinding) and low-stress abrasion (scratching), c) the surface appearance: ploughing, cutting, fatigue and fracture (cracking). In this study was approached the possibility of abrasion wear resistance evaluation of selffluxing Ni-base coatings by scratch testing. Materials used in tests were: three self-fluxing Ni-base coatings deposited on low-alloyed steel substrate using flame spraying process (referred to as S1, S2 and S3). The wear of the samples and the friction coefficient were investigated with scratch tester and analyzed in correlation with their mechanical properties. "

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Strzałkowski, Paweł, Urszula Kaźmierczak, and Michał Wolny. "Assessment of the method for abrasion resistance determination of sandstones on Böhme abrasion test apparatus." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 79, no. 9 (June 9, 2020): 4947–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10064-020-01868-x.

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Abstract The article analyses the method of testing the abrasion resistance of sandstones on Böhme abrasion test apparatus and describes the problems related to the implementation of this test, as well as the interpretation of the results. The tests were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the EN14157 standard on 14 samples of dry and water-saturated sandstones. The analysis of the results showed that the correlation coefficient for the results obtained in the case of dry samples tests in relation to water saturation was 0.944. It was also observed that the loss of volume during the abrasion process in the individual stages of the test is smaller with the increase of rotation on the disc. In the case of dry samples abrasion, the reason for this is the mixing of abrasive grain and worn stone. In the case of samples tested under conditions of water saturation, the sample is covered with the abrasive grain, which in further phases is liquefied and mixed with the worn stone mass. In this case, however, the abrasion is worse in comparison with the samples tested in the dry condition, because the liquid and mixed abrasive grain with the worn rock mass causes the sample to slide, which in turn results in the abrasion volume loss. The control of the abrasion resistance results obtained from the stone abrasion according to the EN14157 standard should be a comparison with the abrasion resistance results obtained in the process of calculating the abrasion volume loss of sample determined from height.

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Takino, H., H. Takahashi, K. Yamano, and S. Kohjiya. "Effects of Carbon Black and Process Oil on Viscoelastic Properties and Tire Wet Skid Resistance." Tire Science and Technology 26, no. 4 (October 1, 1998): 241–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2135971.

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Abstract Wet skid resistance for rubbers with a wide range of carbon black loadings and process oil loadings was investigated from the viewpoints of viscoelastic properties and abrasion properties. An analysis of wet skid resistance by the factors of Tα and BPST abrasion, which was effectively performed on a wide range of polymers in a previous report, gave a poor correlation this time. In the case of a wide range of carbon black loadings and oil loadings, the factors of tan δ and BPST abrasion had a good relationship with wet skid resistance. In this study, tan δ at 7°C was found to be a suitable factor corresponding to adhesion loss and hysteresis loss in rubber friction. By the evaluation of abrasions, BPST abrasion and PICO abrasion were estimated to be governed by different mechanisms.

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Liu, Yu-Wen, Yu-Yuan Lin, and Shih-Wei Cho. "Abrasion Behavior of Steel-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete in Hydraulic Structures." Applied Sciences 10, no. 16 (August 11, 2020): 5562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165562.

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This study investigated two types of abrasion resistance of steel–fiber-reinforced concrete in hydraulic structures, friction abrasion and impact abrasion using the ASTM C1138 underwater test and the water-borne sand test, respectively. Three water-to-cementitious-material ratios (0.50, 0.36, and 0.28), two impact angles (45° and 90°), plain concrete, and steel–fiber-reinforced concrete were employed. Test results showed that the abrasive action and principal resistance varied between the two test methods. The average impact abrasion rates (IARs) of concrete were approximately 8–17 times greater than the average friction abrasion rate (FARs). In general, the impact abrasion loss of the concrete surface impacted at a vertical angle was higher than that of impacted at a 45 degree angle. Moreover, the average FAR and IAR decreased when the concrete was reinforced with steel fibers. The steel fibers acted as shields to prevent the concrete material behind the fibers from abrasion, thus improving abrasion resistance. In both the underwater and waterborne sand flow methods, the resistance to abrasion of concrete without steel fibers increased as the water/cementitious material ratio (w/cm) decreased, and the concrete compressive strength also increased.

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Qi, Lujie, Yamin Liu, Zhongliang Liu, Congcong Zhang, Zhenshan Chen, Jin Lv, and Haifeng Wan. "Skid Resistance Attenuation of Asphalt Pavement Based on Multifactor Accelerated Wear Test." Coatings 13, no. 4 (March 31, 2023): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13040717.

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To describe the skid resistance attenuation of asphalt pavement during its life cycle, this paper selected a multi-variable accelerated abrasion machine to simulate the abrasion process, and British Pendulum Number was selected to evaluate the skid resistance after various abrasive cycles. During the abrasion process, three factors influencing the skid resistance were considered, including aggregate types (diorite, limestone, granite, and basalt), nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS), and gradations (dense, gap, and open). The results show that with increasing abrasion cycles, the skid resistance of asphalt pavement firstly decreases rapidly in the first abrasion stage (0–8000 cycles), then at a relatively gentle rate in the second abrasion stage (8000–20,000 cycles), and finally at the lowest rate in the third abrasion stage (after 20,000 cycles). The skid-resistance durability and stability of pavement are ranked as basalt > granite > amphibolite > limestone. Moreover, the effect of aggregate parameters on skid resistance is in the order: angularity > PSV > WSV > CSV. The skid resistance and its stability improve as NMAS increases. The pavement skid durability is in the order: SMA > OGFC > AC. In addition, the sizes of 16 mm, 13.2 mm, 9.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.3 mm and 0.15 mm are the critical sieve sizes to improve the skid resistance of asphalt pavement.

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Zverev, Anton A., Aleksandr T. Bekker, Tatiana E. Uvarova, and Tamara D. Belyaeva. "THE METHOD OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF ICE ABRASIVE EFFECTS ON BERTHING FACILITIES." International Journal of Advanced Studies 11, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2227-930x-2021-11-2-36-51.

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The ice cover has a significant abrasive effect on the surface of marine engineering structures. In areas with high dynamics of ice cover drift, one of the most important problems of providing load-bearing capacity of structural elements is to determine the intensity of their wear from abrasion by drifting ice. The magnitude of ice abrasion depends on many factors, the main of which are: contact pressure, abrasion path length and material resistance to ice abrasion. The length of the abrasion path and the magnitude of the contact pressure are determined by the processes of drift of ice formations and their interaction with the structure. To assess them, it is necessary to have a mathematical model for calculating the ice load. At the same time, experimental studies of various materials for resistance to ice abrasion make it possible to establish an empirical dependence of the intensity of ice abrasion. The combined use of a theoretical model of interaction and an empirical model of material destruction makes it possible to create a method for calculating the depth of ice abrasion. The article discusses the method of mathematical modeling of ice abrasive effects on berthing facilities.

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Pikna, Ondřej, Martin Ťažký, and Rudolf Hela. "New Possibilities of Determining the Resistance of Cement Composite to Abrasion by Fast Flowing Water." Solid State Phenomena 325 (October 11, 2021): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.325.34.

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The current view on the determination of the abrasion resistance of a cement composite is mainly focused on the resistance of the composite to the effects of mechanical abrasion. However, many concrete structures are exposed to the abrasive effects of flowing liquids. One of the test procedures simulating this principle of abrasion is based on the creation of a very fast flow of liquids, often including abrasive media. Based on worldwide published research on the given topic, the use of the action of ultrasonic waves in a liquid, leading to the simulation of the cavitation stress of a composite, which is a very dangerous phenomenon, is considered a suitable method for creating the mentioned abrasion effects. The following article discusses new possibilities for simulating and evaluating the abrasive effects of cavitation on cement composites using the action of ultrasonic waves in a liquid. These effects will be monitored on cement pastes, which will be modified with several types of commonly used admixtures. Furthermore, the connection between the effects of the mentioned abrasive action and several physical-mechanical parameters will be monitored.

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Pan, Jingsheng, Ping Li, Liu Zhao, Qiang Pan, Jiaming Ni, and Yong Wang. "Study on the Attenuation of Long-Term Skid Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures under Aeolian Sand Conditions." Materials 16, no. 23 (November 21, 2023): 7247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16237247.

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In this work, the long-term skid resistance attenuation law of asphalt mixtures in the presence of aeolian sand was studied. Four types of asphalt mixtures underwent skid resistance abrasion tests using an accelerated loading tester. The pendulum value (BPN) and structure depth (MTD) of these four mixtures were determined under various conditions of sand density and abrasion times. The correlation between the BPN and density and the number of times of abrasion were investigated, respectively, to analyze the skid resistance attenuation law at the microscopic and macroscopic levels. Our results indicate that the skid resistance of the four types of asphalt mixtures initially decreased and subsequently reached a stable state. Sand density primarily influences skid resistance during the initial stage, while the number of abrasions becomes the dominant factor affecting skid resistance in the later stages.

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Guo, Jinjun, Minghao Gao, Kun Wang, and Peng Zhang. "Mechanisms and influential variables on the abrasion resistance hydraulic concrete." Nanotechnology Reviews 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 2997–3019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0488.

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Abstract Abrasion damage is inevitable for hydraulic structure concrete, to increase the service life of large water conservancies and to keep them running safely and reliably, hydraulic concrete requires a high abrasion resistance. This review synthesizes current practices defined by scientific literature in a format focused on allowing quick comparison and understanding of the current scenario of anti-abrasion concrete enhancing mechanism, measuring methods, and approaches to enhance concrete abrasion resistance. Besides, the review highlights the application of widely used materials and potential materials application, like silica fume and fibers which are mature research at present, and effective but preliminary used materials like nanoparticles, to better understand the development of higher abrasion resistance of concrete. According to the present research, it indicate that incorporating enhancement materials into concrete to achieve better abrasion resistance are basically through the way of hardening cement paste, controlling internal crack propagation, or using stronger coarse aggregate to enhance its ability for anti-abrasive. Finally, based on the systematic literature review, a discussion on major areas holding the significant potential to improve current practices is presented and practical recommendations are provided to advance toward more direct and optimized methods.

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Yang, Zheng Zheng, Jian Zhang, and Xin Hai Yu. "Preparation of WC/Ni Flexible Cloth Coating by Vacuum Brazing." Key Engineering Materials 871 (January 2021): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.871.112.

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In this study, one novel WC/Ni flexible cloth coatings were prepared to enhance the abrasion and erosion resistances and meanwhile to accommodate the complicated component surfaces. Neither precipitation of WC particle nor pores or cracks were detected in the coating. The scarification extent of WC particle decreased with the increase in the WC content. With the abrasion mechanism of three body abrasive wear, the WC/Ni coating with 59.8 wt.% WC (WC/Ni-59.8 wt.%) showed the best abrasion resistance with the wear rate of 0.3% of 304 stainless steel. At 30° of impact angle, the WC/Ni-59.8 wt. % exhibited a superior erosion resistance to that of WC coating developed by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF). The application potential of WC/Ni flexible cloth coating for the commercial components was testified by developing the coating on a ball valve disc.

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Budinski, K. G., and L. K. Ives. "Measuring abrasion resistance with a fixed abrasive loop." Wear 258, no. 1-4 (January 2005): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2004.09.078.

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TARASIUK, Wojciech, Jerzy NAPIÓRKOWSKI, Krzysztof LIGIER, and Bazyli KRUPICZ. "COMPARISON OF THE WEAR RESISTANCE OF HARDOX 500 STEEL AND 20MnCr5." Tribologia 273, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6254.

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The paper presents the results of experimental studies on abrasion resistance of Hardox 500 steel and 20MnCr5 steel subjected to thermo-chemical treatment. These types of steel are often used for agricultural or construction machinery. Abrasion tests were performed on a T-11 pin using a disc tester. The test conditions correspond to the wear caused by micro-grinding and grain-cutting using particles from the product as well as a result of abrasion produced by loose abrasive material created through the chipping of silica sand grains. The obtained results can be useful in the selection of materials for machine components.

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Priss, Jelena, Ivan Klevtsov, Andrei Dedov, Maksim Antonov, Harald Rojacz, and Ewald Badisch. "High Temperature Cyclic Impact/Abrasion Testing of Boiler Steels." Key Engineering Materials 604 (March 2014): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.604.289.

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In the present study the high temperature impact/abrasion resistance of several boiler steels which are used in Estonian power plants were determined experimentally using the High Temperature Cyclic Impact Abrasion Test (HT-CIAT) at 500 and 600°C. Results indicate a strong dependence of the wear resistance on the materials microstructure and formation of the mechanically mixed layer with incorporated abrasive particles.

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Hu, Cheng, Xingzhong Weng, Xiangcheng Yan, Pengcheng Liu, and Tianxiong Guo. "Study on frost resistance and abrasion resistance of fiber mesh reinforced concrete." E3S Web of Conferences 206 (2020): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020602020.

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The frost resistance and abrasion resistance of the fiber mesh reinforced concrete under the simulated treatment of external environment were studied through the frost resistance test and abrasion test. The relative dynamic modulus, the amount of spalling per unit area, the amount of abrasion per unit area and abrasion depth were used as evaluation indexes. The result shows that the frost resistance and abrasion resistance of concrete can be enhanced by fiber mesh. For the frost resistance, enhancement effect of carbon fiber mesh is better than that of basalt fiber mesh, and better than that of aramid fiber mesh. For the abrasion resistance, enhancement effect of aramid fiber mesh is better than that of basalt fiber mesh, and better than that of carbon fiber mesh. On the whole, the frost resistance and abrasion resistance of basalt fiber mesh reinforced concrete are better. Therefore, basalt fiber mesh is recommended to strengthen the frost resistance and abrasion resistance of concrete in engineering practice.

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Liu, Jin Hai, Guo Lu Li, Xue Bo Zhao, Xiao Yan Hao, and Jian Jun Zhang. "Effect of Austempering Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Carbidic Austempered Ductile Iron." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 1085–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.1085.

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The microstructure and properties of austempered ductile iron with carbides was studied to increase the abrasive resistance of ADI. It was proven that the austempering temperature influences greatly the microstructure, impact toughness, hardness and abrasion resistance of CADI. With increase of austempering temperature, the acicular ferrite becomes thicker and bigger, the impact toughness rises, and the hardness decreases. But there is a complicated effect of austempering temperature on wet abrasion resistance. In addition, the CADI grinding balls were cast and the field testing was performed. The CADI ball is one third of abrasion loss of low chromium cast iron, zero rate of breakage and no loosing round.

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Melesse, Getinet, Hibretu Kaske Kassa, Minale Geta, Tigist Simachew, Tewodros Mamo, Adal Mengesha, and Tegegn Asale. "A Study on the Abrasion Resistance of Hydraulic Structures with Different Repair Mortars." Journal of Engineering 2023 (May 18, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3077902.

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One of the main problems with hydraulic structures is that floating silt, gravel, ice sand, boulders, and other materials circulating over a concrete surface have an abrasive effect that causes hydraulic structures to abrade. Abrasion causes concrete to degrade, which could eventually expose the reinforcing to corrosion. In addition to section loss, reinforced concrete hydraulic structures’ endurance may also be a problem. Repair mortars are used to restore surfaces that have been abraded. The suitability of various repair materials for use as a repair layer on concrete surfaces is examined in this study. In order to apply different repair mortars to concrete specimens and subject them to abrasive forces, this work employs an experimental methodology. The ASTM C 1138 standard was followed for testing the abrasion resistance of the samples repaired using repair mortars underwater. Both silica fume mortar and polymer-modified mortar were employed in the study as forms of repair mortar. For each type of repair mortar, three cylindrical concrete specimens were cast, along with control specimens. Hence, nine cylindrical concrete samples in total were employed in this study. In order to quantify the effect of abrasion and, consequently, to assess the efficacy of various repair materials, abrasion volume loss was measured. Important findings about each type of repair material’s resistance to underwater abrasion are included in the study. The findings show that in terms of abrasion resistance underwater, the polymer-modified mortar performs better than the silica fume mortar.

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Fan, Yu Jin, Zhe Kun Li, Teng Han, and Wei Da Wang. "Finite Element Simulation of Abrasive Wear and Study of Wear Resistance of Material." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 3192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.3192.

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This paper presented the abrasive wear process of a particle pressing into the material and sliding on the surface simulated by finite element method to reveal wear characteristics and effect factors. The contact stress and surface deformation of material were indicated and material wear resistance was studied, it was found that the stress and the deformation of subsurface not only depends on mechanical properties of material and original surface shape, but also on deformed surface profile due to sliding. In order to prove the effects of material yield stress and deformation harden property on surface deformation and abrasion resistance property, the abrasive wear of three kinds of carbon steel were taken for examples, the simulation results were presented that the larger yield stress of carbon steel, the less surface deformation and the better abrasion resistance property when a particle sliding on the surface. The simulation results also shown that the deformation harden of carbon steel could reduce surface deformation, but couldnt always improve abrasion resistance property.

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UEMURA, Isamu, and Kiyoshi IKEDA. "Abrasion Resistance of Thermoplastic Polyurethane in Abrasion Resistance Test Using Abrasives." KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 49, no. 12 (1992): 1025–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/koron.49.1025.

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Jaic, Milan, Jovan Dobic, and Tanja Palija. "The influence of surface finishing of Paulownia Siebold et Zucc. on the mechanical properties of lacquered surface." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 102 (2010): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf1002007j.

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This paper presents the research of influence of sanding, staining and the use of polyurethane and acrylic coating on the adhesion, scratch resistance and abrasion resistance of the coating. Objective was to determine the most important mechanical properties of lacquered surfaces, considering the application of Paulownia elongata and Paulownia fortunei, by using different systems of surface finishing. Cross cut method was used for measurement of adhesion. More accurate view of coating adhesion was obtained by measuring the scratch resistance. Abrasion resistance was tested by the method of free falling of abrasive particles. The applied system of sanding had no effect on the examined mechanical properties. Stained samples lacquered with PU coating showed better adhesion to the non-stained samples. Impact of staining on scratch resistance is not established. Stained samples showed greater resistance to abrasion for both wood species. Samples lacquered with PU coating showed the higher values of mechanical properties compared with samples lacquered with UV acrylic coating. Application of PU coating for surface finishing of Paulownia elongata and Paulownia fortunei is more adequate than the application of UV acrylic coatings, from the point of scratch resistance and abrasion resistance.

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Bodnárová, Lenka, Martin Ťažký, Lucia Ťažká, Rudolf Hela, Ondřej Pikna, and Libor Sitek. "Abrasive Wear Resistance of Concrete in Connection with the Use of Crushed and Mined Aggregate, Active and Non-Active Mineral Additives, and the Use of Fibers in Concrete." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (November 27, 2020): 9920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12239920.

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Virtually every concrete structure comes into contact with abrasive effects of flowing media or solids, which have a direct impact on the durability of concrete. An abrasive effect is most pronounced in transport or water management structures, and these structures are often designed for a significantly longer service life (usually 100 years). This research evaluates the influence of the filler component in terms of the type of aggregate and its mineralogical composition on concrete abrasion resistance. As part of the impact of the binder component, several concrete mixtures were produced using the same aggregate and maintaining the same strength class with the addition of different types of active and inert mineral additives. In other parts of the research, the effect of adding fiber reinforcement on the abrasion resistance of concrete was verified. Mutual connections and correlations in different age groups (7, 28 and 90 days) were sought for all obtained results. The abrasion resistance of the composite was monitored by using standard procedures, especially using a Böhm device. It was found that for good abrasion resistance of concrete, it is not necessary to produce concretes with high strength classes using often expensive mineral additives (microsilica) and quality aggregates, but the maturation time of the composite and its microstructure plays an important role.

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Zhao, De Ping, Jiang Hao Liu, Bei Qing Huang, and Xian Fu Wei. "Study on Scratch-Resistance and Abrasion-Resistance of Water-Based Varnish." Advanced Materials Research 380 (November 2011): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.380.24.

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To improve scratch-resistance and abrasion-resistance of water-based varnish, change the type of water-based resin, the type and content of wax emulsion and flow agent, then test scratch-resistance and abrasion-resistance of water-based varnish. The results show that resin and wax emulsion has a great influence on the scratch-resistance and abrasion-resistance of water-based varnish. Adding appropriate amount of wax emulsion can improve scratch-resistance and abrasion-resistance to some extent. Adding flow agent has certain influence on scratch-resistance of water-based varnish.

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Dziubek, Mateusz, Małgorzata Rutkowska-Gorczyca, and Dominika Grygier. "The effect of the austenitisation temperaturefor the two-stage heat treatment of high-manganesesteels on its wear resistance under abrasiveconditions." Tribologia 305, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9426.

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Fine-grained high-manganese X120Mn12 grade steel was subjected to a two-stage heat treatment consisting oflong-term isothermal annealing at 510C, which was followed by resaturation in order to reduce the negativeeffect of the brittle carbide carbides of manganese cementite (Fe,Mn)3C. The objective of the experimentwas to elucidate the effects of distinct stages of heat treatment on the properties of high manganese steelwith regard to its resistance to abrasive wear. Supersaturation was performed for eleven different variationsof temperature values ranging from 600C to 1100C to verify its effect on the resistance to abrasion wearunder abrasion conditions. An increase in the supersaturation temperature results in the gradual coagulationand disintegration of the colonies of pearlite and needle-like carbides (Fe,Mn)3C formed during isothermalannealing. At the same time, as a result of the PSN (particle stimulated nucleation) process, the microstructureof austenite undergoes partial refinement, which ultimately increases the resistance to abrasive wear. As aresult of the final microstructural changes resulted in an increase in the resistance to abrasion of approximately6% compared to the initial state.

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30

Wang, Lei, Xiaoman Zeng, Yang Li, Huamei Yang, and Shengwen Tang. "Influences of MgO and PVA Fiber on the Abrasion and Cracking Resistance, Pore Structure and Fractal Features of Hydraulic Concrete." Fractal and Fractional 6, no. 11 (November 15, 2022): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract6110674.

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Abrasion resistance and cracking resistance are two important properties determining the normal operation and reliability of hydropower projects that are subjected to erosion and abrasive action. In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (abbreviated as PVA) fiber and magnesium oxide expansive agents (abbreviated as MgO) were used together to solve the problems of cracking and abrasive damage. The effects of PVA fiber and MgO on the mechanical property, abrasion and cracking resistance, pore structures and fractal features of high-strength hydraulic concrete were investigated. The main results are: (1) The incorporation of 4–8% Type I MgO reduced the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and the abrasion resistance by about 5–12% at 3, 28 and 180 days. Adding 1.2–2.4 kg/m3 PVA fibers raised the splitting tensile strength of concrete by about 8.5–15.7% and slightly enhanced the compressive strength and abrasion resistance of concrete. (2) The incorporation of 4–8% Type I MgO prolongs the initial cracking time of concrete rings under drying by about 6.5–11.4 h, increased the cracking tensile stress by about 6–11% and lowered the cracking temperature by 2.3–4.5 °C during the cooling down stage. Adding 1.2–2.4 kg/m3 PVA fibers was more efficient than adding 4–8% MgO in enhancing the cracking resistance to drying and temperature decline. (3) Although adding 4% MgO and 1.2–2.4 kg/m3 PVA fibers together could not enhance the compressive strength and abrasion resistance, it could clearly prolong the cracking time, noticeably increase the tensile stress and greatly lower the racking temperature; that is, it efficiently improved the cracking resistance to drying and thermal shrinkage compared with the addition of MgO or PVA fiber alone. The utilization of a high dosage of Type I MgO of less than 8% and PVA fiber of no more than 2.4 kg/m3 together is a practical technique to enhance the cracking resistance of hydraulic mass concretes, which are easy to crack. (4) The inclusion of MgO refined the pores, whereas the PVA fiber incorporation marginally coarsened the pores. The compressive strength and the abrasion resistance of hydraulic concretes incorporated with MgO and/or PVA fiber are not correlated with the pore structure parameters and the pore surface fractal dimensions.

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31

Chotěborský, R., P. Hrabě, M. Müller, J. Savková, M. Jirka, and M. Navrátilová. "Effect of abrasive particle size on abrasive wear of hardfacing alloys." Research in Agricultural Engineering 55, No. 3 (September 22, 2009): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/24/2008-rae.

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Hardfacing is one of the most useful and economical ways to improve the performance of components submitted to severe wear conditions. This study has been made for the comparison of microstructure and abrasion resistance of hardfacing alloys reinforced with chromium carbides or complex carbides. The hardfacing alloys were deposited onto ČNS EN S235JR low carbon steel plates by the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) method. Different commercial hardfacing electrodes were applied to investigate the effect of abrasive particle size on abrasive wear resistance. The abrasion tests were made using the two-body abrasion test according to ČSN 01 5084 standard, abrasive cloths were of grits 80, 120, 240, and 400. Microstructure characterisation and surface analysis were made using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results show the different influence of abrasive particles size on the wear rate for different structures of Fe-Cr-C system. The structures without primary carbides are of high abrasive wear rate, which increases nonlinearly with the increasing abrasive particle size. On the contrary, the structures containing primary carbides are of low abrasive rates and theses rates increase linearly with the increasing abrasive particle size.

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32

Kübarsepp, Jakob, Kristjan Juhani, and Marek Tarraste. "Abrasion and Erosion Resistance of Cermets: A Review." Materials 15, no. 1 (December 22, 2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15010069.

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WC-based hardmetals are employed widely as wear-resistant ceramic–metal composites for tools and wear parts. Raw materials supply, environmental concerns and some limitations of hardmetals have directed efforts toward development of alternative wear-resistant composites–cermets. We present a current state of knowledge in the field of ceramic-rich (≥50 vol%) cermets behavior in abrasion and erosion conditions, which are the dominant types of wear in many industrial applications. Distinction is made between two-body and three-body abrasion, solid-particle erosion, and slurry erosion. Cermets, in particular TiC-, Ti(C,N)- and Cr3C2-based composites and hardmetals, are compared for their abrasive and erosive wear performance and mechanism. The review enabled formulation of tribological conditions in which cermets may be comparable or have potential to outperform WC-Co hardmetals. Hardmetals, in general, outperform cermets in abrasion and solid-particle erosion at room and moderate temperatures. However, cermets demonstrate their potential mainly in severe conditions—at elevated temperatures and corrosive (oxidation, electrochemical corrosion) environments.

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33

Adresi, Mostafa, and Giuseppe Lacidogna. "Investigating the Micro/Macro-Texture Performance of Roller-Compacted Concrete Pavement under Simulated Traffic Abrasion." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 19, 2021): 5704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125704.

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Since the roller-compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) is almost smooth due to roller vibrations in the construction process, the lack of macro-texture prevents it from being used as a final surface. This study has made efforts to improve the RCCP by proposing different scenarios to create new micro-/macro-texture surfaces and investigate their durability and skid resistance under traffic abrasion conditions. To prepare the micro-texture, eight RCCP specimens were cast using various 50–50% mixing proportions, and each of them alone in the form of siliceous and calcareous fine aggregates (natural and manufactured). For the macro-texture, each specimen was textured using such methods as seeding (three cases), stamping (two cases), and brooming (two cases). Since the durable texture should withstand the abrasive traffic flow, the RCCP-surface abrasion resistance was measured by the simulation method proposed in ASTM C944, and their skid resistance was evaluated by measuring the British pendulum test according to ASTM E303 before and after abrasion. The results showed that abrasion resistance of RCCP samples to changes in mixing design and skid resistance to changes in macro-texture have significant changes. In addition, different siliceous-calcareous sand combinations not only made the concrete mix more economical but also improved its performance in case of abrasion and skid resistance. The more was the manufactured sand proportion, the higher the fracture rate was and, hence, the abrasion resistance. Different macro-textures created on RCCP specimens generally showed acceptable skid resistance. In this regard, stamping had the highest mean texture depth (MTD) as well as BPN, and seeding had the lowest.

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34

Xiao, G. J., Y. Huang, R. K. Cheng, and Y. Lu. "Experimental Research on the Mathematical Model of Abrasion Ratio Based on the Abrasive Belt Grinding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 328 (June 2013): 480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.328.480.

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Abrasion ratio is an important parameter to estimate the wear resistance of abrasive belt grinding, reacting the relationship between the material removal and the abrasive belt wear, and also, its value is an important basis to instruct the process of abrasive belt grinding. The mathematical model of material removal is obtained by analyzing the basic mechanism theory of centerless cylindrical grinding in this paper, and the impact curve which react the relationship between the abrasion ration and the material removal or cutting depth is obtained by using the software of Mathematica. The abrasion ratio is testified in this paper by the experiment test of abrasive belt grinding for the titanium alloy, 45# steel and 304# stainless steel, systematic analyzing the affection of abrasion ratio on the hardness ratio and the belt speed. Experimental result shows that: belt speed is superior than hardness ratio to the abrasion ratio, and the mathematical model of material removal is testified by this experimental research. So the mathematical model of material removal could be used with theoretical basis in belt grinding process.

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35

Stachowicz, M., B. Opyd, and K. Granat. "Comprehensive Assessment of Polymeric Materials for Foundry Tooling Used in Microwave Field." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0055.

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AbstractThe paper presents a research on abrasion resistance of selected construction materials designed for foundry tooling applied in the innovative microwave heating process of moulding and core sands. One of the main selection criteria of the materials for foundry tooling, in particular for models, moulding boards, moulding boxes and core boxes, is their good abrasive wear resistance. Usability of the selected polymeric materials, designed for foundry tooling used in electromagnetic field, is decided also by other evaluation criteria determined in the examinations, like thermal resistance and electrical properties. Abrasion resistance of the selected materials was determined for three grades of the moulding sand matrixes. Combined analysis of the determined abrasion resistance, considering also electrical properties and thermal resistance of the foundry tooling materials, characterising their usability for microwave heating of moulding and core sands, will make possible their systemising with respect to effectiveness and efficiency of the heating process, taking under consideration durability of such foundry tooling to be used in industrial conditions.

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36

Laplante, P., P. ‐C Aitcin, and D. Vézina. "Abrasion Resistance of Concrete." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 3, no. 1 (February 1991): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(1991)3:1(19).

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37

Palaniswamy, Kolandaisamy, and Peer Mohamed. "EFFECT OF THE SINGLE-YARN TWIST AND PLY TO SINGLE-YARN TWIST RATIO ON THE HAIRINESS AND ABRASION RESISTANCE OF COTTON TWO-PLY YARN." AUTEX Research Journal 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2006): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2006-060201.

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Abstract The effect of single-yarn twist and ply to single-yarn twist ratio on the evenness, hairiness and abrasion resistance of two-ply cotton yarn has been studied. The hairiness of two-ply yarn decreases as either the single-yarn or ply twist increases. The rate of reduction in hairiness with respect to twist is more for the single-yarn twist than for the ply twist, particularly for the finer two-ply yarn. Variation in hairiness decreases as the ply twist increases. Yarn-to-yarn abrasion shows a different trend as compared to yarn-to-emery abrasion at a low ply twist level. Two-ply yarn with 3/4 of the single-yarn twist shows the highest abrasion resistance in both yarn-to-yarn abrasion and yarn-to-emery abrasion. The abrasion resistance of the two-ply yarn depends on both single-yarn twist and ply twist. Single-yarn twist and ply twist have a more influential effect on the yarn-to-yarn and yarn-to-emery abrasion resistances respectively of cotton two-ply yarns.

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38

Slota, Ján, Andrzej Kubit, Ivan Gajdoš, Tomasz Trzepieciński, and Ľuboš Kaščák. "A Comparative Study of Hardfacing Deposits Using a Modified Tribological Testing Strategy." Lubricants 10, no. 8 (August 18, 2022): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10080187.

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In this study, hardfacing deposits using materials of different surface hardness are investigated using an innovative strategy for tribological testing. The abrasive wear behaviour of AISI 316L stainless steel is compared to the Cr–Ni–Mn alloy (OK Autrod 16.95) and the Cr-Mo alloy (Fluxofil 58), deposited on a substrate of S355JR steel. A modified three-body abrasion test and a modified scratch test were used to evaluate the tribological behaviour and wear mechanisms of these materials. The modified double-pass scratch test on the abraded surfaces is analysed using the geometrical parameters of grooves to aid in predicting the lifetime of machinery parts in abrasive working conditions. This leads to a shortening of the resistance to abrasion wear time of the evaluation of the abrasion wear resistance of materials. The validation of the results obtained in the double-pass scratch tests was carried out using three-body abrasion tests, according to the ASTM G65 standard. Wear mechanism investigations were carried out by scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional surface topography and was analysed using an optical microscope. The results obtained from experimental research show that double-pass scratch tests demonstrated that it is possible to shorten the time needed to predict the abrasive behaviour of materials using this method.

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Montedo, Oscar Rubem Klegues, and Antonio Pedro Novaes de Oliveira. "Relationship between Surface Abrasion Wear and Brightness in Glazed Porcelainized Stoneware Tiles." ISRN Ceramics 2011 (September 8, 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/548129.

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This paper reports the results of a research work whose main objective is related to the development of a technical solution that takes into account the relationship between the surface abrasion wear resistance and brightness of glazed ceramic tile products. Thus, glazes formulated from a glass-ceramic composition belonging to the LZSA system reinforced with crystalline particles of zircon were prepared and characterized with respect to their scratching and surface abrasion wear resistances and brightness. In this context, a bright (71.2 UB) porcelainized stoneware ceramic tile with high scratching resistance (9 Mohs), high surface abrasion wear resistance (PEI 5), and good staining resistance (Class 4) was obtained.

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Moldamuratov, Zh N., B. Piatek, S. M. Kultayeva, and Z. A. Ussenkulov. "THE EFFECT OF SURFACTANTS ON THE RESISTANCE TO ABRASIVE ABRASION OF HYDRAULIC CONCRETE." Bulletin of Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Construction 88, no. 2 (June 15, 2023): 226–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51488/1680-080x/2023.2-23.

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The effect of surfactants and water-cement ratio on abrasion resistance of hydraulic concrete are presented. A series of laboratory tests and field surveys of hydraulic structures were carried out to determine the effect of various factors on wear resistance of hydraulic concrete to abrasive effects. Studies were carried out by comparison of laboratory tests for abrasion of mortar and concrete. Sulfite-alcohol bard (SAB) was used as a hydrophilic surface-active additive and as a hydrophobic soap. Structural changes of properties were studied by electron microscopic analysis. The presence of dependencies of the abrasion of concrete on several factors was established: water-cement ratio and strength, the type of filler, the fineness of cement grinding, the age of the samples, the use of surfactant additives, and the method of laying.

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41

Pulford, Carl T. R. "Failure of Rubber by Abrasion." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 58, no. 3 (July 1, 1985): 653–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536083.

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Abstract This short review presents the landmark discoveries and ideas in rubber abrasion that have brought the field to where it is today. First, the important features of rubber abrasion are reviewed as background for a physical model for the abrasion of rubber. The model, due to Thomas, is described in detail, since it clearly shows the connection between the failure of rubber by abrasive wear and the appropriate rubber fracture properties. The implications of the model for improved abrasion resistance are also discussed. Then, physical principles are applied to the failure of rubber by abrasion in actual products, such as tires. The tire wear model of Schallamach and Turner is described, together with its success in explaining several features of tire wear.

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Březina, R., J. Filípek, and J. Šenberger. "Application of ductile iron in the manufacture of ploughshares." Research in Agricultural Engineering 50, No. 2 (February 8, 2012): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4930-rae.

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The service life and reliability of machines for basic soil cultivation is mainly affected by abrasive wear. The working tools of these machines are mostly made of steel. The paper deals with the possibility of manufacturing ploughshares and reversible points of austempered ductile iron (ADI). The authors examine the abrasion resistance of ADI working tools and compare it with that of the material applied by a leading world manufacturer of ploughshares. Using an appropriate mode of the heat treatment of ADI, abrasion resistance comparable to that of the original tools can be obtained.

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Szymura, Michał, and Artur Czupryński. "The Effect of a Welding Technology on the Abrasive Wear Resistance of Joints in Abrasion-Resistant Plates." Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa, no. 5 (October 2020): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17729/ebis.2020.5/6.

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The article presents results of tests concerning the metal-mineral abrasive wear resistance of butt welded joints with abrasion-resistance overlay weld HARDPLATE 100S 5+3 made using a covered electrode with the solid core and the flux core as well as a self-shielded flux-cored wire. The significance of the above-named effect was determined using a completely randomized design. The scope of tests also included the analysis of the chemical and phase compositions, hardness measurements as well as the macro and microscopic metallographic tests of welded joints in abrasion-resistant plates.

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Xie, Yan, Bin Yu, Xiao Mei Wu, and Yue Ming Fan. "Influence of Mineral Admixture on Concrete Abrasion Resistance." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.78.

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The abrasion resistance of concrete has been becoming more and more attention, this paper used ball bearing abrasion resistance test (GB/T16925-1997) to investigate the influence of mineral admixture on concrete abrasion resistance. Results indicates that concrete which is higher w/b (w/b = 0.5) can improve its abrasion resistance at 90d age when mixed with fly-ash, while mixed with both fly-ash and slag can improve its 28d and 90d abrasion resistance. Concrete which is lower w/b (w/b = 0.31), either mixed with fly-ash or with both fly-ash and slag, its abrasion resistance at 28d and 90d descends as well as the mixture content increased.

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Kim, Hyeong-Ki, Keum-Il Song, Jin-Kyu Song, and Jeong Gook Jang. "Effect of Carbonation on Abrasion Resistance of Alkali-Activated Slag with Various Activators." Materials 12, no. 17 (September 2, 2019): 2812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12172812.

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The effect of carbonation on the abrasion resistance of alkali-activated slag (AAS) was investigated. Various activator sets were selected for synthesizing AAS specimens, and the compressive strength was measured before and after carbonation. The abrasion resistance of the specimens was measured in accordance with the ASTM C944 test method. The relationship between the mass loss caused by abrasion and compressive strength was analyzed to understand the effect of matrix strength on abrasion resistance. Test results showed that the decrease in compressive strength of AAS specimens by carbonation reduced their abrasion resistance. In addition, the abrasion resistance of AAS before and after carbonation was sensitively influenced by activator type. It can be concluded that additional caution is required when using AAS where abrasion may have occurred.

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Braga, D., Amilcar Ramalho, Pedro Nuno Silva, and Albano Cavaleiro. "Study of Abrasion Resistance of Steels by Micro-Scale Tests." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 544–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.544.

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Steels continue to have a preponderant role in mechanical components under all type of wear solicitations namely, abrasion. The ability of micro-scale abrasion test for evaluating the properties of bulk materials has been widely demonstrated. However, only recently this technique was especially developed to characterize thin-coated materials. This study presents results obtained in micro-scale abrasion tests performed on different low and high alloy steels. These steel samples underwent thermal and chemical (nitriding) treatments with the aim of enhancing their surface hardness. Nitriding parameters were varied so as to obtain different structures (with and without formation of a “white layer” of iron nitrides (ε-Fe2-3N or γ’-Fe4N compound layer). Test conditions such as normal load and concentration of the abrasive medium (SiC particles in distilled water) were changed in order to obtain a 2 or 3 body wear contact type. Results obtained allowed to compare the specific wear rate ks for the different steels and treatments tested as well as to relate the influence of surface hardness and test parameters on the wear mechanisms.

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Pinto, Gustavo Filipe, Andresa Baptista, Vitor F. C. Sousa, Francisco J. G. Silva, Manuel Evaristo, and Filipe Fernandes. "Study on the Wear Modes of PVD Films Using Different Concentrations of Al2O3 Abrasive Particles and Textured Rotating Balls." Coatings 13, no. 3 (March 16, 2023): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13030628.

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Abrasive wear is a wear mechanism that results in a loss of material from the interaction of a surface with hard particles. This type of wear is frequently found in the surface of machining tools. Microscale abrasion equipment is often used to characterize the resistance to abrasive wear of a surface. The different parameters able to control micro-abrasion wear tests, such as ball rotation, sliding distance between ball and surface sample, abrasive slurry concentration, normal load acting on the sample, and abrasive flow rate over the sample, have been widely studied. The combination of different variables, including sliding distance, concentration of abrasive particles, their hardness, and size of abrasive particles, promotes the transition between two-body, three-body, or mixed abrasive wear modes. However, the influence of the ball surface on the dragging of abrasive particles, which is reflected in the wear modes, is still poorly studied. One of the variables possible to control and less studied is the influence of the ball surface texture on the dragging of abrasive particles in micro-abrasion wear tests. This work intends to correlate the effect of different testing times (500, 1000, and 1500 cycles) and different concentrations of 3 μm Al2O3 abrasive slurry (25, 35, and 45 g/100 mL) on the micro abrasion resistance of a TiN thin coating film, using balls of AISI 52100 steel whose texture and roughness were prepared by 60 s chemical etching. The rotation speed of each test was 80 rpm, applying a normal load of 2 N. Subsequently, the craters were carefully analyzed using SEM to evaluate the transition of the wear mode as a function of the applied load, the abrasive particle concentration, and the sliding distance. The textured ball tracks were observed via SEM to assess the particle dynamics. The results showed that, contrarily to what is reported in the literature regarding wear modes where rolling is promoted with increasing abrasive concentration, in this work grooving took place instead. This is a result of the rough balls use in the experiments which, due to the embedment of abrasive particles in the ball grooves, promotes the abrasion mechanism. The higher the abrasive concentration, the higher the grooving mechanism, since more particles are available to scratch the surface.

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48

Liu, Zong De, Bin Li, Li Ping Zhao, and Yong Chen. "Wear Resistance of TiC Ceramic Particulate-Reinforced Metal Matrix Cermets." Key Engineering Materials 434-435 (March 2010): 120–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.434-435.120.

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To characterize wear behaviors of TiC ceramic particulate-reinforced metal matrix cermets in abominable condition, wear-resistance test was practiced in grain abrasive wear with the TiC-xNi cermets in-situ fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method combined with pseudo hot iso-static pressing. Grain abrasion test was conducted with the MLS-225 type tester. Wear resistance was evaluated as weight loss obtained after each period of 10 minutes. Wear resistance of the cermets increased with the increase of TiC content in the composites. SEM was employed to analyze the wear process and wear mechanism. SEM examination of the wear tracks in the worn surface suggests that abrasive wear mechanisms of different binder content cermets are similar. The worn surface is characterized by long and deep parallel grooves. The fracturing of bigger carbide grains and carbide framework by a fatigue process under repeated abrasion is followed by weight loss of the material.

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Sebastián, Laino, Jorge Antonio Sikora, and Ricardo C. Dommarco. "Advances in the Development of Carbidic ADI." Key Engineering Materials 457 (December 2010): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.457.187.

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Carbidic ADI (CADI) is a new type of Austempered Ductile Iron containing free carbides in the microstructure, providing a particular combination of wear resistance and impact toughness. In this work, four CADI variants were evaluated, in which carbides were promoted by alloying with chromium. Tests performed under the low stress abrasion condition imposed by the ASTM G65 standard show that CADI can increase the wear resistance up to 100 % when compared with conventional ADI austempered at the same temperature. The carbide content must be higher than 10 % to promote a considerable reinforcing effect. However, at this carbide content level, the impact toughness varies between 7 and 11 J/cm2 for unnotched samples. These values are much lower than those of conventional ADI, but higher than those of other abrasion resistant materials, like white irons. Some CADI variants were also evaluated in field tests, producing abrasion under either low stress or high stress conditions. For this purpose, two CADI prototype parts were studied: screw segments for animal food extruders (low stress abrasion) and wheel loader bucket edges (high stress abrasion). The results gathered showed that CADI behaves satisfactorily under low stress abrasion, but the performance is not so good under high stress conditions. To analyze the differences in the abrasion response, scratch tests were performed in order to evaluate the interaction between the abrasive tip and the microstructure.

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Tóth, László, Tünde Kovács, Zoltán Nyikes, and Mhatre Umesh. "The Abrasion Behaviour of X40CrMoV5-1 Steel Under Various Surface Treatments." Acta Materialia Transylvanica 3, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33924/amt-2020-01-09.

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AbstractFor evolving a surface layer on the X40CrMoV5-1 steel, a plasma-nitridation and PVD coating process was applied. In our experiments, the samples were heat-treated (high-temperature hardening, annealed three times) and surface treatments (plasma-nitridation, PVD coating by TiAlN, duplex surface treating by plasma nitridation and after that, PVD coating TiAlN). After the heat treatments, we performed hardness tests and surface abrasion wear tests. The abrasion wear resistance of the specimens was studied in order to understand the heat treatment effects on abrasion behaviour. It was observed that the heat treatment and surface treatment process greatly influence the tool steel surface hardness and abrasion resistance behaviour. By plasma-nitridation the surface hardness doubled compared to the quenched surface hardness while the PVD coated TiAlN surface layer hardness is more than five times that of the hardened one. There was no relevant difference between the PVD coated (TiAlN) surface hardness and the duplex surface-treated hardness. On the basis of the results of the comparative abrasive wear tests, it can be concluded that the duplex surface treatment resulted in the greatest wear resistance..

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Journal articles on the topic 'Abrasion resistance'

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