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1

Rubil, Goran, and Magnus Sprycha. "Absolute Return Hunters." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Accounting and Finance, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-405.

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Hedge fund investing is a relatively new phenomenon in Sweden. The first Swedish hedge fund was started in 1996. This new financial sector has since showed a steady growth.

Due to the novelty of hedge fund phenomena, it is right to ask whether the investors are prepared for this kind of investments; how they choose their hedge funds investments and whether they have adequate knowl-edge in the field.

This thesis provides a mapping of the investors’ behavior regarding hedge fund investments. We have concluded that Swedish hedge fund investors have a limited basis of knowledge required to fully utilize hedge funds in their portfolios.

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2

Louw, Elbie. "Return-based style analysis of Domestic Targeted Absolute and Real Return unit trust funds in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25183.

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By means of return-based style analysis (RBSA), heterogeneous style sub-categories were identified within the TARR category of the South African unit trust market to create a framework for sub-categorisation. The study dealt with TARR funds and their place within the investment universe. The literature review emphasised the importance of asset allocation, which supports the use of RBSA to identify asset allocation. The literature review further provided a motivation for the semi-strong form of RBSA applied to the sample data. In the study, RBSA was applied to two groups within the sample data, namely funds that have data points for the full measurement period (Group 1) and funds that have less than 75 data points (Group 2). A four-phase process was applied to the sample data. The findings suggest the following:
  • in general, return-based style analysis applied to each fund identifies the asset allocation for the fund and is valid; but it is emphasised that for specific periods, the explanatory power of the regression model may become questionable;
  • the collective results of return-based style analysis applied to the funds can be used to create a framework for sub-categorisation. The framework proposed was the result of nine out of a potential 54 funds. The explanatory power of the regression results was less questionable. The proposed framework was applied to the remaining 45 funds (Group 2), but there were indeed inconsistencies in the application;
  • the framework created did not raise any concerns as a result of the Group 1 analysis. However, it was questionable when applied to the Group 2 funds in its entirety;
  • sub-categorisation based on only the allocation to the domestic short-term asset class was definitely a criterion that was true irrelevant of which sample group it was applied to.

Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Financial Management
unrestricted
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3

Bleser, Sebastian. "Die absolute Return-Strategie unter dem Einsatz von Hedge Funds als Alternative zur Benchmarkorientierung im Portfolio-Management /." München : GRIN Verlag, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017149789&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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4

Koriy, Gabriel, and Johanna Jansson. "Samband mellan svenska aktiefonders avkastning och avgift med hänsyn till risk." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45737.

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Förvaltning och avkastning hos fonder har forskats om i flera studier runt om i världen. Tidigare forskning har gett varierande resultat, där vissa studier visar på att det föreligger ett samband mellan en fonds avgift och avkastning, medan andra inte kan säkerställa ett sådant resultat. Då de svenska hushållen idag sparar mer än någonsin, visar det på att fondsparande är ett aktuellt ämne för ytterligare forskning. Statistik från 2020 visar att fondförmögenheten i Sverige totalt uppgick till 4 554 miljarder kronor och har visat på en fortsatt ökande trend de senaste åren. Dock har endast få studier genomförts på den svenska kapitalmarknaden och de har i huvudsak analyserat ämnet på kort sikt, med en tidsperiod om fem år. Eftersom avgifternas påverkan på fonder är tydligast på lång sikt, ger det utrymme för fortsatt forskning inom ämnet. Syftet med följande forskning är att studera sambandet mellan svenska aktiefonders avkastning och avgift på lång sikt i förhållande till fondernas risk. Studien avgränsas till att undersöka svenska aktiefonder som har varit verksamma i minst tio år, mellan åren 2011-2020. Forskningen antar en kvantitativ forskningsmetod, vilket syftar till att testa teorier. Tillvägagångssätt sker genom en analys av urvalets regression och korrelation i samband med hypotesprövning, där variabler undersöks för att ge underlag till studiens analys av resultat. Studiens resultat visar att svenska aktiefonder i genomsnitt underpresterar den svenska marknaden på lång sikt. Forskningen visar även varierande resultat gällande korrelation mellan riskjusterad avkastning och avgift på lång sikt. Resultaten indikerar att den svenska kapitalmarknaden har en relativ marknadseffektivitet av svag form. I tillägg verkar aktivt förvaltade fonder kunna utnyttja tillfällig trendidentifiering och informationsasymmetri för att uppnå en överavkastning. Forskningen avslutas med slutsatsen att högavgiftsfonder, vilka är mer aktivt förvaltade, indikeras vara ett bättre investeringsalternativ för att uppnå en god långsiktig prestation i jämförelse med passiva fonder.
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Shi, Wensi. "MIDAS Predicting Volatility at Different Frequencies." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126821.

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I compared various MIDAS (mixed data sampling) regression models to predict volatility from one week to one month with different regressors based on the records of Chinese Shanghai composite index. The main regressors are in 2 types, one is the realized power (involving 5-min absolute returns), the other is the quadratic variation, computed by squared returns. And realized power performs best at all the forecast horizons. I also compare the effect of lag numbers in regression, form 1 to 200, and it doesn’t change much after 50. In 3 week and month predict horizons, the fitness result with different lag numbers has a waving type among all the regressors, that implies there exists a seasonal effect which is the same as predict horizons in the lagged variables. At last,the out-of -sample and in-sample result of RV and RAV are quite similar, but in sometimes, out-of sample performs better.
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Arbex, Valle Cristiano. "Portfolio optimisation models." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/10343.

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In this thesis we consider three different problems in the domain of portfolio optimisation. The first problem we consider is that of selecting an Absolute Return Portfolio (ARP). ARPs are usually seen as financial portfolios that aim to produce a good return regardless of how the underlying market performs, but our literature review shows that there is little agreement on what constitutes an ARP. We present a clear definition via a three-stage mixed-integer zero-one program for the problem of selecting an ARP. The second problem considered is that of designing a Market Neutral Portfolio (MNP). MNPs are generally defined as financial portfolios that (ideally)exhibit performance independent from that of an underlying market, but, once again, the existing literature is very fragmented. We consider the problem of constructing a MNP as a mixed-integer non-linear program (MINLP) which minimises the absolute value of the correlation between portfolio return and underlying benchmark return. The third problem is related to Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs). ETFs are funds traded on the open market which typically have their performance tied to a benchmark index. They are composed of a basket of assets; most attempt to reproduce the returns of an index, but a growing number try to achieve a multiple of the benchmark return, such as two times or the negative of the return. We present a detailed performance study of the current ETF market and we find, among other conclusions, constant underperformance among ETFs that aim to do more than simply track an index. We present a MINLP for the problem of selecting the basket of assets that compose an ETF, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first in the literature. For all three models we present extensive computational results for portfolios derived from universes defined by S&P international equity indices with up to 1200 stocks. We use CPLEX to solve the ARP problem and the software package Minotaur for both our MINLPs for MNP and an ETF.
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Buchanan, Lauren J. "The Success of Long-Short Equity Strategies versus Traditional Equity Strategies & Market Returns." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/286.

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This study examines the performance of long-short equity trading strategies from January 1990 to December 2010. This study combines two financial screens that will yield candidates for both long and short positions for each month during the aforementioned time period. Two long-short strategies are tested: (1) perfectly-hedged, or equal allocation to long and short positions, and (2) net-long. The results of this thesis reveal that if a long-short equity manager is able to successfully determine what companies are overvalued and undervalued and actively rebalance their portfolio, perfectly-hedged and net-long strategies can generate superior risk-adjusted alpha.
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8

Börjesson, Oscar, and Sebastian Rezwanul HaQ. "Do hedge funds yield greater risk-adjusted rate of returns than mutual funds?A quantitative study comparing hedge funds to mutual funds and hedge fund strategies." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146730.

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In recent times, the popularity of hedge funds has undoubtedly increased. There are shared opinions on whether hedge funds generate absolute rates of returns and whether they provide a strong alternative investment to mutual funds. This thesis aims to examine whether hedge funds with different investment strategies create absolute returns and if certain investment strategies outperform others. This thesis compares hedge funds risk-adjusted rate of return towards mutual funds, such as mutual funds, to see if certain investment strategies are more lucrative than the corresponding investments in terms of excess returns to corresponding indices. An econometric approach was applied to search for significant differences in risk-adjusted returns of hedge funds in contrast to mutual funds. Our results show that Swedish hedge funds do not generate as high risk-adjusted returns as Swedish mutual funds. In regard to the best performing hedge fund strategy, the results are inconclusive. Also, we do not find any evidence that hedge funds violate the effective market hypothesis.
Hedgefonder har den senaste tiden ökat i popularitet. Samtidigt finns det delade meningar huruvida hedgefonder genererar absolutavkastning och om de fungerar som bra alternativ till traditionella fonder. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka huruvida hedgefonder skapar absolutavkastning samt om det finns investeringsstrategier som presterar bättre än andra. Denna uppsats jämför hedgefonders riskjusterade avkastning med traditionella fonder, för att på sätt se om en viss investeringsstrategi ar mer lukrativ i termer av överavkastning i förhållande till motsvarande index. Vi har använt ekonometriska metoder för att söka efter statistiskt signifikanta skillnader mellan avkastningen för hedgefonder och traditionella fonder. Våra resultat visar att svenska hedgefonder inte genererar högre risk-justerade avkastningar än svenska aktiefonder. Våra resultat visar inga signifikanta skillnader vad gäller avkastning mellan olika strategier. Slutligen finner vi heller inga bevis för att hedgefonder går emot den effektiva marknadshypotesen
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9

Avancini, Gabriel Tambarussi. "Estudo da volatilidade da série de preços da soja por meio de modelos GARCH e modelos ARFIMA." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11134/tde-22042015-174305/.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o comportamento da volatilidade do preço da soja negociada em contratos futuros na BM&FBOVESPA (série SFI). O estudo foi realizado por meio da comparação entre duas abordagens: na primeira, foi utilizada a série de retornos absolutos da série em questão para representar a volatilidade da mesma, que se mostrou persistente ao longo do tempo, comprovando o fato de que a série possui o comportamento de memória longa. Por ter apresentado tal comportamento, fez-se necessária a utilização de modelos ARFIMA (\"Autorregressivos Fracionários Integrados de Médias Móveis\") estes, que são capazes de capturar de maneira efetiva tal comportamento. Ainda dentro desta abordagem, os modelos foram estimados de duas maneiras distintas: a primeira, em que todos os parâmetros foram estimados simultaneamente e a segunda, em que primeiramente foi estimado o parâmetro de memória longa, diferenciada a série e, posteriormente, foram ajustados os modelos ARIMA nos dados diferenciados. Por fim, a segunda abordagem utilizada no trabalho é a mais comum em pesquisas acadêmicas: foi realizada a estimação dos modelos GARCH (\"Autorregressivos Generalizados de Heteroscedasticidade Condicional\") diretamente na série de retornos. Neste estudo, concluímos que a primeira abordagem se mostrou mais eficiente, dados os critérios de comparação utilizados.
The purpose of this article was to study the volatility of the soybean price traded in futures contracts on the BM&FBOVESPA (SFI series). The study was conduct by comparison between two approaches: first, was use the series of absolute returns of the respective series, to represent its volatility, which was persistent over time, proving the fact that the series has a long memory behavior. Because of such behavior, it was necessary to use ARFIMA models (\"Autoregressive Fractional Integrated Moving Average\"), which are able to capture effectively such behavior. Still using this approach, the models were estimate in two different ways: first, which all parameters were estimate simultaneously, and the second one, that was first estimated the long memory parameter, differentiated the series and, later, adjusted the ARIMA models in differentiated data. Finally, the second approach used in this work is the most common in academic research: the estimation of GARCH models (\"Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heretoscskedasticity\") directly in the returns series of the studied series. In this study, we conclude that the first approach was more effective, given the comparison criteria used.
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10

Liberal, Gonçalo Maria Oliveira Dá Mesquita. "Do hedge fund indices enhance portfolio performance?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12550.

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Mestrado em Finanças
As carteiras de investimento tradicionais são focadas apenas em duas classes de ativos: Ações e Obrigações. Nas últimas décadas as carteiras institucionais, e de investidores privados, para perfis de risco equilibrados têm colocado o foco em 60% de ações globais, usualmente através do índice americano S&P500, e em 40% de obrigações através do índice Barclays US Aggregate Bond. A componente de obrigações tende a baixar a volatilidade das ações, resultando numa menor volatilidade destas carteiras. Dadas as atuais baixas taxas de juros, e as baixas yields das obrigações, esta classe de ativos poderá aumentar a sua volatilidade contribuindo para um maior risco destas carteiras. Posto isto, poderá fazer sentido aumentar a exposição a outros instrumentos financeiros por forma a diversificar estas carteiras e diminuir os riscos sistemáticos dos mercados financeiros. Torna-se assim necessário considerar alternativas de investimento, com o objetivo de obter retornos ajustados ao risco na constituição de carteiras de investimento. Os fundos de investimento de retorno absoluto, ou hedge funds, podem constituir alternativas de investimento válidas em períodos de alta volatilidade, e têm ganho visibilidade originando um aumento da procura, ou seja, a um aumento dos ativos sobre gestão. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a combinação de índices investíveis de Hedge Funds numa carteira tradicional de 60% de ações e 40% de obrigações. Pretende-se determinar a carteira de variância mínima e de Markowitz e os respetivos pesos dos índices de hedge funds na carteira de referência e comparar a sua performance.
Traditional investment portfolios are focused only on two asset classes: Stocks and Bonds. In recent decades institutional portfolios and private investors have, for balanced risk profiles, focused on 60% of global stock usually through the US S&P500 and 40% bonds through the Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index. Therefore, it is necessary to increase exposure to other financial instruments in order to diversify these portfolios and reduce systemic risks in financial markets. If so, investors should consider adding alternatives to their traditional investments as a way to potentially reduce their portfolios sensitivity to financial markets. It is therefore necessary to consider investment alternatives, in order to get adjusted returns to risk in setting up investment portfolios. Absolute return funds or hedge funds, may present a valid alternative investment in times of high volatility, and have gained visibility in periods of bear markets compared to stock index funds, consequently leading to an increase in demand, i.e., an increase of assets under management for these assets. This study aims to analyze the combination of investable indices of hedge funds in a traditional portfolio of 60% stocks and 40% bonds. It is intended to determine the minimum variance portfolio and Markowitz and the respective weights of hedge fund indices in the reference portfolio and compare their performance considering time windows of two, five and ten years.
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Gómez, Espinosa Juan Pablo. "Plan de negocios para Fondo Mutuo de Retorno Absoluto en el mercado chileno." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/140992.

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Magíster en Gestión para la Globalización
En la siguiente Tesis se desarrolla un Plan de Negocios que analiza la factibilidad de incorporar un Fondo Mutuo de Retorno Absoluto (FMRA) dentro de los productos que actualmente ofrece EuroAmerica Administradora General de Fondos (AGF), satisfaciendo las necesidades de inversionistas chilenos que buscan nuevas alternativas de inversión y diversificación en la industria de Fondos Mutuos (FFMM). Debido al incremento en la correlación en las rentabilidades de los productos de inversión tradicionales, se ha perdido la capacidad de diversificación. Esto ha generado una búsqueda de instrumentos de inversión denominados alternativos que además de buscar retornos atractivos con niveles de volatilidad acotados, tengan comportamientos que no sigan los movimientos de mercados bursátiles mundiales. En los principales mercados de fondos mutuos a nivel global, cerca de un 8% de los fondos corresponden este tipo de activos. En el mercado local, no existen fondos mutuos que tengan dichos comportamientos, generando una oportunidad para el lanzamiento de un FMRA que utilice activos internacionales. Para desarrollar este proyecto, la metodología comenzó analizando el mercado actual de fondos mutuos en Chile, industria que posee un patrimonio administrado que bordea los 30 billones de pesos (millones de millones), y que en los últimos cuatro años ha presentado tasas de crecimiento que alcanzan el 13% anualmente. Para analizar la industria y los potenciales de crecimiento de EuroAmerica AGF como del FMRA se realizaron los análisis Cinco Fuerzas de Porter y FODA. A su vez, se utilizó la metodología de negocios Canvas que permitió estructurar el Modelo de Negocios del proyecto y desarrollar la Propuesta de Valor. Por otra parte se desarrollaron Planes Funcionales: Operacional, Plan de Recursos Humanos, Plan Comercial y de Marketing, y Plan financiero. Mediante la evaluación económica, el escenario base del proyecto FMRA genera un VAN del flujo de caja de $83.551.454 pesos, lo que equivale a una TIR de 24,29 por ciento. Además, considerando que los escenarios propuestos en el análisis de sensibilidad se utilizan tasas de crecimiento, participación de mercado, nivel de penetración y remuneraciones acotadas, los resultados parecen potencialmente atractivos. Por último, debido a que EuroAmerica AGF cuenta con la estructura, capacidad y recursos, y dado a que el interés y la demanda por este tipo de productos crecen sostenidamente en el mercado local, se recomienda la implementación del FMRA en el corto plazo.
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Strebeľová, Veronika. "Financial Planning and Financial Analysis of a Limited Liability Company." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124842.

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Composition of financial plan for year 2012 and executing financial analysis of a limited liability company. In composition of financial plan were used three variant -- an optimistic, a realistic and a pesimistic. Used methods of financial analysis were analysis of absolute indicators and financial ratios, including logaritmical decomposition of Return on Equity. Comparing each of those variants with reality valid on May 31, 2012.
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Couty, Patrice. "Contribution à l'étude des domaines de stabilité absolue des méthodes linéaires à pas multiples pour les équations différentielles à retard constant." Pau, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PAUU1029.

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Londinová, Iveta. "Analýza vybrané firmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223671.

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This thesis focuses on complex appraisal of XYZ from 2006 to 2010. Its first part deals with theoretical knowledges of financial analysis and with presentation of the company. These knowledges are used to analyze the financial situation of the company in the second part. The final section of this work evaluates the results of each analysis, highlights the critical areas and suggests some possible recommendations towards improving the efficiency of the company.
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Dericquebourg, Guy. "Contribution à l'élaboration d'une méthodologie de conception des interfaces opérateur incluant une commande visuelle." Valenciennes, 1991. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/9ce4fb47-1fb5-4c7e-9549-bd476a4b84de.

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Le contexte de cette thèse concerne l'analyse des problèmes liés à la conception et à la mise en œuvre d'une commande visuelle. Un dispositif à commande visuelle est constitué de quatre éléments: deux éléments amont qui permettent l'acquisition et le traitement des coordonnées du regard et deux éléments aval qui assurent la gestion de ces coordonnées et leur utilisation. Le recueil de la direction absolue du regard est obtenu par l'intermédiaire de capteurs oculométriques fixes ou portables associés, soit à une chaine parallèle de repérage de la position de la tête, soit à un dispositif de matérialisation du champ visuel de l'opérateur. L’originalité essentielle de ce travail est constituée par l'étude du comportement théorique et pratique du système oculaire humain, en présence d'un retour visuel matérialisant, en temps réel, la position calculée de l'œil de l'opérateur. Cette étude permet, après une analyse des domaines d'application et des moyens d'obtention des coordonnées oculaires, de prescrire les modes d'utilisation d'un retour visuel et d'appliquer tous les résultats à la mise en œuvre d'une commande visuelle sur un prototype de laboratoire. Ce prototype sert de base pour la réalisation de commandes visuelles industrialisables.
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Bai, Jing. "Commande des Systèmes Multi-agent d'Ordre Fractionnaire." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECLI0019/document.

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Ce travail concerne la commande des systèmes multi-agent d’ordre fractionnaire utilisant une topologie de communication fixe. Premièrement, la production en formation avec atténuation absolue et retard de communication est étudiée. Pour cela, une loi de commande et des conditions suffisantes sont proposées. Toutefois, dans certains scénarios, il est souhaitable que tous les agents atteignent la formation souhaitée tout en se déplacent en groupe, au lieu d’un rendez-vous à un point fixe. Ce cas sera traité en étudiant la production en formation avec atténuation relative et retard de communication. Troisièmement, la poursuite par consensus des systèmes avec un état de référence variable dans le temps est étudiée. Une loi de commande commune et une seconde basée sur la prédiction d’erreur sont proposées, et le problème du consensus est résolu quand le graphe de communication contient un arbre dirigé. Il a été prouvé que la convergence du système est plus rapide en utilisant la loi basée sur la prédiction d’erreur plutôt que celle de commande commune. Enfin, les lois de commande ci-dessus sont étendues au cas de la poursuite en formation. En effet, dans de nombreux cas, l'information peut être envoyée à partir d'un état de référence vers les agents voisins uniquement et non pas à l’ensemble des agents. Afin de résoudre ce problème, une loi de commande est proposée afin de résoudre le problème du consensus avec un état de référence constant. Puis, deux lois de commande sont proposées afin de résoudre le problème du consensus avec un état de référence variant dans le temps. Ces lois sont étendues pour résoudre le problème de la poursuite en formation
This thesis focuses on the distributed coordination of fractional-order multi-agent systems under fixed directed communication graph. Firstly, formation producing with absolute damping and communication delay of fractional-order multi-agent systems is studied. A control law is proposed and some sufficient conditions are derived for achieving formation producing. However, in some scenarios, it might be desirable that all agents achieve formation and move as a group, instead of rendezvous at a stationary point. Therefore, secondly, formation producing with relative damping and communication delay is considered. Thirdly, consensus tracking of fractional-order multi-agent systems with a time-varying reference state is studied. A common control law and a control law based on error predictor are proposed, and it is shown that the control laws are effective when a communication graph has directed spanning trees. Meanwhile, it is proved that the convergence of systems is faster using the control law based on error predictor than by the common one. Finally, the above control laws are extended to achieve formation-tracking problems. In fact, in many cases information can be sent from a reference state to only its neighbor agents not to all the agents. In order to solve the above problem, an effective control law is given to achieve consensus with a constant reference state. Then, an effective general control law and an effective particular one are proposed to achieve consensus with a time-varying reference state. Furthermore, the above control laws are extended to achieve the formation tracking problems
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Jourdan, Guillaume. "Vers un microscope de force de Casimir : mesure quantitative de forces faibles et nanopositionnement absolu." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00273933.

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Les fluctuations quantiques de point zéro du champ électromagnétique (EM) produisent un effet mécanique remarquable entre deux objets macroscopiques, quelles que soient la forme et la nature de leurs matériaux : la force de Casimir, du nom du physicien hollandais qui en 1948 prédit l'existence d'une force attractive dans la configuration idéale de deux miroirs plans parfaits, neutres et parallèles.
Depuis sa mise en évidence théorique, cet effet attire l'intérêt de communautés scientifiques d'horizons tous azimuts, des cosmologistes aux concepteurs de micro/nanosystèmes mécaniques en passant par les physiciens de la théorie quantique des champs et de la gravitation. Cette force qui se situe au coeur de nombreux problèmes actuels de physique théoriques, à l'interface de la physique de la gravitation et de la théorie quantique des champs (divergence de l'énergie du vide), joue en effet un rôle majeur dans le fonctionnement de nanosystèmes mécaniques en cours de développement, qui sont appelés dans les années futures à révolutionner toute l'industrie de la microélectronique. Les effets des conditions aux limites imposées au champ EM soulèvent en particulier de nombreuses interrogations sur le comportement de ce phénomène quantique. Son contrôle, par ce biais, constitue ainsi l'une des principales motivations du travail expérimental développé durant cette thèse : la conception d'un appareil de mesure de forces faibles entre deux surfaces de tailles micrométriques présentant une structuration à l'échelle du nanomètre en vue de l'étude de la force de Casimir. La sonde de force, développée au cours de la thèse de Gauthier Torricelli qui a lancé cette activité dans l'équipe Piconewton, est constituée d'une micropoutre au bout de laquelle est collée une sphère de quelques dizaines de micromètres de rayon et recouverte d'or.
Cette thèse propose tout d'abord une caractérisation expérimentale et théorique de son comportement mécanique en présence de son environnement et des appareils de mesure qui l'entourent. La mise au point d'une procédure de calibration de force constitue ensuite une étape incontournable pour obtenir des mesures de forces absolues et ainsi réaliser des comparaisons théorie/expérience significatives.
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18

Ben, Hamed Bassem. "Sur les déformations isomonodromiques et la stabilité des équations différentielles." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00599446.

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Les activités de recherches menées dans le cadre de cette thèse sont divisées en deux parties: Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous allons présenter un cas particulier du problème de classification des solutions algébriques de l'équation de Painlevé 6. Ce cas simple se produit quand une solution algébrique donnée satisfait chaque membre d'une famille non-triviale d'équations. Une telle famille non-triviale d'équations contenant au moins deux éléments distincts satisfait toute la famille correspondante à la droite affine contenant ces deux éléments. Ainsi, toute famille non-triviale définie comme précédent, correspondant à un plan affine de l'espace des paramètres. Dans cette partie, nous donnons une classification de tous ces espaces affines avec leurs solutions algébriques associées. La preuve du théorème n'utilise pas la notion d'équations de Picard-Fuchs. On pourra constater que les solutions coïncident avec les solutions obtenues récemment par Doran qui a utilisé des déformations des surfaces elliptiques avec quatres fibres singulières et leurs équations de Picard-Fuchs associées. Dans la suite, on va essayer de donner une explication partielle de cette coïncidence. Rappelons que chaque solution d'une équation de Painlevé 6 donnée est gouvernée par une déformation isomonodromique d'un système Fuchsian approprié possédant quatre points singuliers. Nous disons qu'une telle déformation est géométrique si le système fondamental de solutions est entièrement constituté d'intégrales Abéliennes, qui dépendent algébriquement du paramètre de déformation. Une déformation géométrique d'un système Fuchsien est isomonodormique et définit une solution algébrique d'une équation de Painlevé 6 appropriée. Quand ceci est vrai, nous disons que la solution algébrique de l'équation de Painlevé 6 est d'origine géométrique. Nous montrons que lorsque une solution satisfait une famille d'équations de Painlevé 6, alors ils existent aux moins deux autres familles d'équations de Painlevé 6, telles que cette solution soient d'origine géométrique pour les deux familles. Dans le deuxième partie, on va présenter quelques définitions et notions de base sur les systèmes à retard. Le modèle choisi sera présenté, ainsi que l'existence et l'unicité des solutions pour les équations différentielles fonctionnelles (EDFR) associées. On introduit les méthodes des fonctionnelles de Lyapunov-Krasovskii et de fonction de Razumikhin, qui donnent des conditions suffisantes pour assurer la stabilité de ces systèmes à retard. Puis, on considère des classes de systèmes incertains à retard dans l'état et dans la commande. En utilisant des techniques de Lyapunov, on propose des classes de contrôleurs continus, qui assurent la stabilité globale uniforme exponentielle de ces systèmes en boucle fermée, en imposant quelques conditions assorties sur les incertitudes. La fonction de Laypunov quadratique du système nominal stable (c'est-à-dire, le système assosié en l'absence des incertitudes et du retard) est utilisé comme fonction de Lyapunov candidate du système global. Puis, on va étudier la stabilité absolue d'une classe de systèmes à retard de type de Lurie. Cette classe est présentée comme une interconnexion du feedback d'un système dynamique linéaire et d'une non-linéarité staisfaisant la condition du secteur. En utilisant quelques inégalités intégrales, on obtient une nouvelle condition suffisante de stabilité absolue présentée sous forme d'inégalités matricielles linéaires (LMI). Cette condition améliore celle donnée par Han. Par la suite, on utilisera cette nouvelle condition pour construire un contrôleur basé sur un observateur dépendant du retard, tel que le système erreur soit présenté comme une interconnexion du feedback d'un système linéaire et d'une non-linéarité multiple dépendante aussi du retard et satisfaisant la condition du secteur. Dans la conception de l'observateur, on va étendre les travaux d'Arcak, Kokotovic et Fan dans le cas sans retard.
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19

Jaworski, Piotr. "Efektywność i ryzyko polskich funduszy absolutnej stopy zwrotu." Doctoral thesis, 2015.

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Abstract:
Niniejsza praca dotyczy badania efektywności i efektywności polskich funduszy absolutnej stopy zwrotu. Praca składa się z pięciu rozdziałów. Pierwszy prezentuje definicję i rodzaje funduszy inwestycyjnych. W drugim została zaprezentowana koncepcja funduszy absolutnej stopy zwrotu. Rozdział trzeci to analiza efektywności analizowanych funduszy w kontekście osiągania przez nie ponadprzeciętnych stóp zwrotu oraz ich ryzyka. W czwartym rozdziale zostały zaprezentowane badania efektywności funduszy w kontekście słabej formy hipotez rynku efektywnego. Piąty rozdział analizuje możliwości osiągania absolutnych stóp zwrotu na rodzimym rynku kapitałowym przy wykorzystaniu kointegracji. Przeprowadzone badania pozwoliły stwierdzić, że fundusze są efektywne, nie realizują ponadprzeciętnych stóp zwrotu, mają niższe ryzyko niż inne klasy aktywów. Potwierdzono także, wykorzystując kointegrację można budować strategie inwestycyjne realizujące absolutne stopy zwrotu.
The work concerns the measurement of effectiveness and risks of Polish absolute return funds. The work consists of five chapters. The first presents the definition and types of investment funds. In the second was presented the concept of absolute return funds. The third chapter is an analysis of the effectiveness of the analyzed funds in the context of achieving by them superior returns and their risks. In the fourth chapter were presented studies of the effectiveness of the funds in the context of a weak form efficient market hypothesis. The fifth chapter analyzes the abilities of achieving absolute returns on the domestic capital market using cointegration. The study revealed that the funds are efficient, do not realize superior returns, have a lower risk than other asset classes. It was also confirmed using cointegration one can build investment strategies giving absolute returns.
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20

Gaspar, Renato João Mirrado. "Climatologia do oceano." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/30293.

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O objetivo da presente dissertação foi o de, através da construção de software em linguagem de programação MATLAB, proporcionar uma ferramenta que sirva de apoio a estudos de oceanografia regional, neste trabalho o do oceano envolvente à África Austral. Para isso, o software lê a climatologia (temperaturas in situ e salinidades práticas) da World Ocean Database 2018, da NOAA, nas resoluções espaciais de 10 e de (1/4)0, a batimetria GEBCO na resolução de 30 segundos de arco (cerca de 0,5 milhas) e as funções padrão da International Thermodynamic Equation of State for Seawater (TEOS 2010) para os cálculos de temperaturas conservativas, salinidades absolutas, densidades, velocidades do som e velocidades de correntes geostróficas, dos quais irão ser produzidos os perfis e secções (verticais e horizontais), bem como os perfis batimétricos e mapa batimétrico da zona, numa interface gráfica. Para a área oceânica da África Austral foram produzidos gráficos de perfis verticais, de secções verticais e horizontais daquelas propriedades. Foi possível reconhecer as estruturas de massas de água e das correntes oceânicas presentes na área, como sejam: a Água Central do Índico Sul, a Água Central do Atlântico Sul, a Água de Superfície Subantártica, a Água Equatorial do Índico, a Água Intermédia da Antártica, Água Intermédia do Mar Vermelho e Golfo Pérsico e a Água de Fundo da Antártica; a Corrente das Agulhas, a Contra Corrente das Agulhas, a Corrente de Benguela, a Corrente de Moçambique e a Corrente Circumpolar Antártica. A ferramenta desenvolvida tem bom potencial para apoio do ensino de Oceanografia, no respeitante à distribuição de propriedades nas três dimensões do oceano e na área da Navegação para a realização dos estudos de viagens.
The objective of the present dissertation was, through the construction of MATLAB programming language software, to provide a tool to support regional oceanography studies, in this case of the ocean surrounding southern Africa. For this purpose the software reads the climatology (in situ temperatures and practical salinities) of NOAA's World Ocean Database 2018, at spatial resolutions of 10 and (1/4)0, the GEBCO bathymetry at 30 seconds-arc resolution (about 0,5 miles) and the International Thermodynamic Equation of State for Seawater (TEOS 2010) standard functions for calculations of conservative temperature, absolute salinity, density, sound velocity, and geostrophic current velocity from which the profiles and sections (vertical and horizontal), as well as bathymetric profiles and bathymetric map of the zone, in a graphical interface. For the Southern African ocean area, graphs of vertical profiles, vertical and horizontal sections of those properties were produced. It was possible to recognize the structures of water bodies and ocean currents present in the area, such as: Central South Indian Water, Central South Atlantic Water, Sub-Antarctic Surface Water, Equatorial Indian Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, Intermediate Water of the Red Sea and Persian Gulf, and Antarctic Bottom Water; the Agulhas Current, the Agulhas Counter Current, the Benguela Current, the Mozambique Current and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The developed tool has good potential to support the teaching of Oceanography, regarding the distribution of properties in the three dimensions of the ocean and in the area of Navigation for the realization of travel studies.
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