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1
Deng, Jing Lan, and Ke Huang. "Microwave Absorbing Properties of MnO2/Ni-Zn Ferrite/Graphite Structural Composite." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.201.
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In order to get high microwave absorbing properties, a new kind of three-layer structure composite absorption material was designed and prepared for optimal attenuation. Manganese Oxide was used as the absorbent in the matching layer. Nickel-Zinc ferrite (Ni-Zn ferrite) was used as the absorbent in the dielectric layer and Graphite was used as the absorbent in absorbing layer. The effects of different proportions of absorbents on the microwave absorbing properties were investigated. The results shows that the maximum wave absorbing peak of the 11# sample with the thickness of 5mm is −38.54dB at 14.35GHz and had a bandwidth of 7.1GHz (R<−10dB). This is very important in the design and application of absorbing material.
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Shen, Hao, Xiang Qian Shen, Min Li, Hong Bo Liu, and Zhou Wang. "Microwave Absorption of Double-Layer Absorber Based on Nanocomposite BaFe12O19/α–Fe and Nanocrystalline Alloy Fe0.2(Co0.2Ni0.8)0.8 Microfibers." Advanced Materials Research 1035 (October 2014): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1035.339.
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In this paper, the prepared nanocomposite BaFe12O19/α-Fe microfibers and nanocrystalline magnetic alloy Fe0.2(Co0.2Ni0.8)0.8 microfibers are used as absorbents in the double layer structure for microwave absorption. The double layer absorbers with a total thickness of 2.0 mm, in which various matching and absorbing layers are designed, and their absorption properties are estimated. The results show that the absorbers with the matching layer of nanocomposite BaFe12O19/α-Fe microfibers have a very high microwave absorption performance. The absorption bandwidth (the reflection loss (RL) less than-20 dB) reaches 5.8 GHz ranging from 12.2 to 18 GHz, and the minimum RL value is-61.2 dB at about 15.2 GHz with 0.9 mm matching layer and 1.1mm absorbing layer respectively.
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Korzeniowski, Janusz. "EXPERIMENTAL CHECKING OF ABSORPTION OF MOISTURE ABSORBERS IN VARIOUS CLIMATE CONDITIONS." PROBLEMY TECHNIKI UZBROJENIA 153, no. 1 (July 3, 2020): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.2725.
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The article presents results of tests for moisture absorbers currently used and available on the market. Experimental investigations were carried out for two types of silica gels, the bentonite clay and two types of molecular sieves available on the market, as well as for the reused silica gel currently deployed in weapon systems. As part of the work, the maximum absorbency of moisture absorbers for various climatic conditions, the minimum relative humidity (RH) in the drying measuring chamber for various amounts of absorbent, and the durability of water binding at variable temperature conditions were determined. Analysis of results allowed both to compare advantages and disadvantages of various absorbents, and to assess a degree of the wear for moisture absorbents currently used in armament equipment.
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Purwakusumah, Edy Djauhari, Lusi Royani, and Mohamad Rafi. "Evaluasi Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Perubahan Metabolit Sekunder Mayor Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza) Pada Umur Rimpang Yang Berbeda." Jurnal Jamu Indonesia 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jji.v1i1.3.
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Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan dan perubahan metabolit sekunder mayor temulawak (C. xanthorrhiza) pada umur rimpang yang berbeda. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan menggunakan tiga metode yaitu DPPH (1,1-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), dan CUPRAC (cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity), sedangkan kadar kurkuminoid dan xantorizol ditentukan dengan metode KCKT. Hasil pengukuran aktivitas antioksidan, kadar kurkuminoid dan xantorizol menunjukkan semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya umur rimpang temulawak. Analisis korelasi antara aktivitas antioksidan dan kadar kurkuminoid serta xantorizoldiperoleh bahwa kapasitas antioksidan yang diukur dengan metode DPPH dan FRAP mempunyai korelasi positif dengan nilai sebesar 0.757 r 0.996 dan 0.522 r 0.976 berturut-turut, sedangkan metode CUPRAC berkorelasi tinggi dengan jumlah rendemen (r = 0.986). Analisis spektrum IR pada sampel rimpang temulawak memberikan profil yang identik dengan perbedaan hanya pada nilai absorbansnya. Rimpang temulawak dengan umur 9 bulan memiliki detail spektrum IR yang lebih jelas dan nilai absorbans yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan umur rimpang 7 dan 8 bulan. Evaluasi yang dilakukan dapat memberikan informasi mengenai mutu rimpang temulawak berdasarkan masa tanamnya.
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Djauhari Purwakusumah, Edy, Lusi Royani, and Mohamad Rafi. "Evaluasi Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Perubahan Metabolit Sekunder Mayor Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza) pada Umur Rimpang yang Berbeda." Jurnal Jamu Indonesia 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jjidn.v1i1.30590.
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Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan dan perubahan metabolit sekunder mayor temulawak (C. xanthorrhiza) pada umur rimpang yang berbeda. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan menggunakan tiga metode yaitu DPPH (1,1-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), dan CUPRAC (cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity), sedangkan kadar kurkuminoid dan xantorizol ditentukan dengan metode KCKT. Hasil pengukuran aktivitas antioksidan, kadar kurkuminoid dan xantorizol menunjukkan semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya umur rimpang temulawak. Analisis korelasi antara aktivitas antioksidan dan kadar kurkuminoid serta xantorizoldiperoleh bahwa kapasitas antioksidan yang diukur dengan metode DPPH dan FRAP mempunyai korelasi positif dengan nilai sebesar 0.757 r 0.996 dan 0.522 r 0.976 berturut-turut, sedangkan metode CUPRAC berkorelasi tinggi dengan jumlah rendemen (r = 0.986). Analisis spektrum IR pada sampel rimpang temulawak memberikan profil yang identik dengan perbedaan hanya pada nilai absorbansnya. Rimpang temulawak dengan umur 9 bulan memiliki detail spektrum IR yang lebih jelas dan nilai absorbans yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan umur rimpang 7 dan 8 bulan. Evaluasi yang dilakukan dapat memberikan informasi mengenai mutu rimpang temulawak berdasarkan masa tanamnya.
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Brewster, Jeffrey D., and James L. Anderson. "On Absorbance Measurements in Spatially Inhomogeneous Fields." Applied Spectroscopy 43, no. 4 (May 1989): 710–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702894202427.
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The measured absorbance of a spatially inhomogeneous sample may be strongly affected by the relative spatial distribution of the absorbing medium and the optical beam. The measured absorbance is, in general, not the average of local absorbances across the beam, except when the maximum range of local absorbance values across the entire field is small (<0.1 AU). The measured transmittance of an optically inhomogeneous field is equal to the average transmittance only if incident intensity is everywhere uniform. The general problem is outlined and is illustrated by examples of transient spectroelectrochemical experiments monitoring the time course of reactant consumption or product generation as they traverse a thin optical beam parallel to the electrode.
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Fahselt, Dianne. "UV Absorbance By Thallus Extracts of Umbilicate Lichens." Lichenologist 25, no. 4 (October 1993): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1993.1005.
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AbstractEleven stands of umbilicate lichens exhibiting a range of variabilities in enzyme banding patterns were compared on the basis of the ultraviolet (UV)absorbing properties of thallus extracts. Stands of Umbilicaria veilea, which were some of the most variable enzymatically, had the lowest UV absorbancy in extracts, and stands of Lasallia papulosa, which were among the least variable enzymatically, showed more UV absorbance than others. Umbilicaria deusta, U. muhlenbergii and U. mammulata had intermediate levels of absorbance. Negative correlations (P = 005–007) were found between enzyme polymorphism and UV absorbance in the ranges 215–220, 269–271 and 304–305 nm. There was also a significant negative correlation at P = 003 between enzyme variability and thallus dry weight extractable with either ethanol or acetone.
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KUTLUYER, Filiz, BAŞAR ALTINTERİM, and ÖNDER AKSU. "Oksijen Radikal Absorbans Kapasitesi (ORAK) Seviyeleri Farklı Bitki Masere Yağlarının Yoğun Stoklanmış Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarının (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Bazı Kan Parametrelerine Etkileri." Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 13, no. 1 (April 25, 2018): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.296703.
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Kroll, M. H., and R. J. Elin. "Molar absorptivity and the blank correction factor." Clinical Chemistry 31, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 462–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.3.462.
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Abstract In photometry, where both the product formed and one or several reactants absorb light at the same wavelength, the absorbance of the "blank" of the sample at the end of the reaction may be less than that measured at the beginning of the reaction, because of consumption of reactant(s). The blank correction factor for the determined result with one light-absorbing reagent is epsilon P / (epsilon P - epsilon R), where epsilon R and epsilon P are the molar absorptivities of the reagent and the product, respectively. We derived a factor for the case when more than one reagent absorbs light at the same wavelength as the measured product. This factor is independent of the concentration of reagent(s) and can correct the determined result or absorbance for the consumption of light-absorbing reagent(s) during the reaction.
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Arunkumar, V., K. Krishnamurthy, C. Maheswari, B. Meenakshipriya, and R. Vinoth. "Removal of NOX from diesel engine exhaust by using different chemical absorbent in a lab-scale packed column system." Measurement and Control 52, no. 7-8 (June 24, 2019): 1095–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020294019858167.
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Emissions of NOX from automobile causes various environmental impacts. In order to satisfy the emission norms and standards, it is necessary to reduce the toxic gases from emission. This paper concentrates on designing a packed column and analysis on the selection of an effective absorbent to reduce NOX emission from diesel engines. NOX emission is taken from the exhaust of diesel engine (Kirloskar TV1 Diesel engine). Flue gas inlet to the packed column and the treated gas at the outlet of the packed column are measured using NOX inlet and outlet gas sensors, respectively. Absorbent flow is carried out in a lab-scale packed column experimental setup. Various parameters of the packed column such as liquid: gas ratio, diameter, total height and packing height are determined based on the mathematical modeling. The NOX emission was experimentally measured with various combinations of different absorbents with different flow rate. Based on the experiments, effective absorbents are chosen as NaClO2 and NaOH. Experimental results show chemical absorbent combination with 0.5 M concentration of sodium chlorite and 0.3 M concentration of sodium hydroxide at 80% data acquisition card opening condition is absorbing NOX effectively.
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Kalma, Kalma. "PENENTUAN KADAR KALSIUM PADA WANITA MENOPAUSE." Jurnal Media Analis Kesehatan 8, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32382/mak.v8i2.835.
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Menopause merupakan peristiwa alamiah dan normal terjadi pada seorang wanita, tetapi banyak menimbulkan keluhan dan gangguan yang dirasakan oleh wanita atau justru disangka sebagai gejala dari penyakit tertentu. Penurunan hormon estrogen yang terlibat dalam kehidupan wanita, terutama disebabkan oleh kehilangan fungsi ovarium yang semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya usia wanita. Disamping itu penyerapan kalsium usus menurun bila usia bertambah.Terkait dengan itu perlu dteliti kadar kalsium wanita menopause. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah wanita menopause yang memenuhi kriteria sampel penelitian : wanita yang berusia berkisar 45-65 tahun, tidak mengalami menstruasi salama 12 bulan berturut-turut dan bersedia berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Jurusan Analis Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Makassar pada tanggal 07 sampai 11 Agustus 2017. Kadar kalsium ditentukan dengan metode Cresolphthalein-complex (CPC), dengan prinsip: ion kalsim bereaksi dengan 0-cresolphthalein-complexone dalam media basa untuk membentuk kompleks warna ungu. Absorbans kompleks yang terbentuk sebanding dengan konsentrasi kalsium dalam spesimen. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari 20 sampel, 18 (90%) wanita menopause kadar kalsium darahnya kurang dari normal. Untuk itu disarankan memenuhi asupan kalsium harian yang dibutuhkan tubuh pada masa menopause untuk mencegah terjadinya osteoporosis yang disebabkan oleh kekurangan kalsium. Kata kunci: Kadar, Kalsium, Menopause, Wanita
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Jia, Zirui, Kejun Lin, Guanglei Wu, Hui Xing, and Hongjing Wu. "Recent Progresses of High-Temperature Microwave-Absorbing Materials." Nano 13, no. 06 (June 2018): 1830005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292018300050.
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Generally, certain parts of aircraft and weapons, for example, head cone, engine inlet and nozzle, need to be resistant to high-temperature and high-speed heat flow. In order to meet the requirement of stealth of these special parts, the high-temperature structural absorbing materials, for example, ceramic fibers, ceramic matrix composites and creative commons (C/C) materials are being actively developed at home and abroad. Continuous and increasing efforts have also been made in the last decade aiming at developing excellent electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbents, for example, SiC working at high temperature. An ideal EM absorber should be relatively lightweight, thermally stable, capable of broad absorbing frequency and cost effective. Different kinds of high-temperature absorbers including ceramics, carbon-based materials, ferromagnetic materials and metal oxides have been summarized and discussed in this review. This review intends to inspire new concepts and approaches for designing excellent high-temperature microwave-absorbing materials.
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Zilberman, P. "The CO2 Absorber Based on LiOH." Acta Medica Marisiensis 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amma-2015-0023.
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AbstractCarbon dioxide absorbers have been used in anesthesiology for many years. However, this process is not limited to this field of medicine. Removing carbon dioxide from human environment is used in other areas as well: mining industry, submarines, scuba diving, space travel and many others. The rationale to remove carbon dioxide from confined spaces is that cannot be eliminated otherwise. Anesthesia practitioners are well aware of this component of the circle system, the carbon dioxide absorber. In daily practice the clinician is less concerned with what kind of substance fills the dedicated canister, as this is usually in the care of the maintenance personnel. The appearance of Sevoflurane and Desflurane, with their own chemical characteristics, prompted the clinician to dedicate new attention to these absorbents. The classical substances used for this purpose are different combinations of limes. The practical concern of the anesthesiologist is to notice when the absorbent is consumed and call for its replacement. Still, many other aspects remain: compound A formation with Sevoflurane, carbon monoxide formation with Desflurane and dry absorbent for instance. The latest member of these products in the medical field is the LiOH carbon dioxide absorbent. Although used for many years in the space exploration, its way into the operating room is a rather recent achievement. Special chemical properties and high absorptive capacity make this new type of absorbent an attractive option for modern anesthesia practice. The article below invites the reader through a short journey on the history of the CO2 absorbents and anesthesia circuits, Lithiumas a chemical element and, finally, to this new type of absorbent.
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Panyatanmaporn, Thammarat, Jittiporn Kruenate, Chuanchom Aumnate, and Thammarak Sooksomsong. "The Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Emulsion as UV Blocking." Advanced Materials Research 93-94 (January 2010): 635–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.93-94.635.
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The solar light consists of ultraviolet, visible and infrared ray. The ultraviolet and infrared rays, unlike visible ray, are not benefit to photosynthesis. Inorganic ultraviolet absorbing materials are mostly in crystallised phase such as TiO2, ZnO and CeO2 which caused lower transmittion in visible range. As known that, the commercial organic UV absorbers can absorb only the appointed UV wavelength. TiO2 emulsion for ultraviolet blocking was synthesized in this project in order to overcome such poor transmittion behavior. The preparative TiO2 emulsion can absorb UV completely without interfering the visible light transmittance. This is because the synthesized TiO2 via emulsion method was mainly an amorphous phase. The obtained composite film containing amorphous phase of TiO2 shows 80-90% transmittance of the visible light, 20-70% absorbance of ultraviolet A and 70-95 % absorbance of ultraviolet B.
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Johnson, P. N. "The effect of sugar beet pulp and rolled barley as absorbents on effluent production, silage fermentation and animal performance." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1991 (March 1991): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600020419.
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Silage effluent represents a potential pollutant and a loss of ensiled nutrients. An absorbent provides the possibility of absorbing effluent, aiding fermentation and increasing the feeding value of the silage. Sugar beet pulp (SBP) nuts and rolled barley (RB) were evaluated as absorbents with direct cut grass silage.Perennial ryegrass swards of 222 g/kg average dry matter were direct cut between 10 and 12 July 1989. Grass was ensiled with the following rates of absorbent per tonne of fresh material:1.20 kg SBP (S20).2.40 kg SBP (S40).3.40 kg RB (B40).4.Untreated (U).Production of silage effluent was measured with a tippler mechanism attached to an electronic logger and recorded daily until 22 September. The silages were individually fed through Calan Broadbent doors to 48 x 12 month old Friesian steers between 24 October and 19 December.
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Qian, Cheng. "Modification Research of Nonwoven Ultra-Thin Absorbing Cores Used in Disposable Sanitary Products." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.249.
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In order to investigate the possibility of reducing the amount of super-absorbing polymer (SAP) now used in the disposable sanitary products, sodium hydroxide(NaOH) was adopted to treat the cellulosic fibers used in the nonwoven absorbing cores. Firstly, NaOH of three different concentrations were used，fibers treated with the concentration of 10% have the best absorbent capacity and were filtered out for making absorbing core samples. Then, three nonwoven absorbing core samples with different treated fiber contents plus one sample of untreated fibers were developed and their absorbent capacity and absorbency rate tests were made. After analyzing, the results show that when NaOH treated fiber (concentration of 10%，finishing time of 50s) contents are 50%, nonwoven absorbing core sample has the best absorbent capacity. In the end, the possibility of using complex nonwoven structure to increase the absorbent capacity was also discussed. As a result, the absorbent capacity of the spunlacing nonwoven with complex structure is higher than the single layer spunlacing nonwoven by 33.3%.
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Sivakoti, Kavya Kumari, Mamatha Basava, Rao Venkata Balaga, and Balarama Murty Sannidhi. "Design Optimization of Radar Absorbing Materials Using Particle Swarm Optimization." International Journal of Applied Metaheuristic Computing 8, no. 4 (October 2017): 113–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijamc.2017100107.
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Microwave absorbers have numerous applications in the modern-day military and civil industries. This paper presents the performance of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to obtain optimal designs for multilayer microwave absorber over different frequency ranges. The goal of this optimization is to make decision about number of layers, selection of suitable combination of materials from a predefined database, thereby minimizing the overall reflection coefficient and designing a low weight electromagnetic absorber, which absorbs the maximum amount of incident electromagnetic energy. Microwave absorbers or radar absorbing materials (RAM) performance is studied by varying thickness and number of layers. For each different configuration obtained with PSO, simulated results are presented. The best results obtained using PSO are compared with those obtained using another optimization technique, genetic algorithm and also compared with the results computed using standard RCS computation software.
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Angelia, Tisa, and Eko Budi Santoso. "Identifikasi Area Pengembangan RTH sebagai Fungsi Ekologis Penyerap Air Hujan di Kecamatan Rungkut Kota Surabaya." Jurnal Planoearth 4, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jpe.v4i1.719.
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Changes in land use have resulted in decreasing green open space as part of green infrastructure. Identification of areas that have potential to develop green open space as rain water absorbers aims to reduce flooding/puddle in Rungkut Distric. The type of research used is quantitative, with overlay analysis techniques. Based on the results of the overlay analysis, there are some areas had the highest weight for developing rainwater absorbent green open space, namely Tulus Harapan Housing (11,7%) and Rungkut Harapan Housing (11,7%). The results of this research were the Kalirungkut Subdistrict as the smallest administrative area that would facilitate goverment policy making related to the development of rainwater absorbing green open space.
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Bharita, Wahyu Giatri, Dewi Yunita, and Anshar Patria. "Kitosan dari Kulit Udang sebagai Pendeteksi Borak pada Mie Basah, Formalin pada Tahu dan Merkuri pada Ikan Segar." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v4i1.6440.
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Abstrak: Kitosan adalah turunan dari kitin yang merupakan komponen penyusun dari kulit udang. Kitosan berfungai untuk mendeteksi bahan kimia berbahaya seperti boraks, formalin dan merkuri, didasari oleh kemampuan kitosan sebagai absorben. Ekstraksi kitosan dari kulit udang dilakukan secara kimiawi dengan melibatkan beberapa proses yaitu deproteinisasi, demineralisasi, depigmentasi dan deasetilasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahuan pengaruh perbedaan jumlah kitosan (0,2 g, 0,4 g dan 0,6 g) dan perbedaan bahan kimia (boraks, formalin dan merkuri) terhadap perubahan fisik dari mie basah, tahu dan ikan segar. Hasil analisis kitosan menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis menunjukkan nilai penyerapan tertinggi oleh merkuri, kedua boraks dan ketiga formalin. Analisis Lab color pada kitosan memiliki hasil yang berkesinambungan dengan nilai absorbansi kitosan. Hasil analisis pada bahan makanan mie basah, tahu dan ikan segar, perubahan terbaik diperoleh pada interaksi konsentrasi kitosan 15 g dan waktu 20 menit. Chitosan of Shirimp Shells to Detect Hazardous Chemicals in Food such as Borax of Wet Noodle, Formalin of Tofu and Mercury of Fresh Fish Abstract: Chitosan is derivative of kitin which is the constituent component of shrimp shells. Chitosan serves to detect hazardous chemicals in food such as borax, formalin and mercury, which is based on the ability of chitosan as absorbent. Chitosan extraction from shrimp shells is done chemically though several processes that are deproteinization, demineralization, depigmentation, deasetilation. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of difference of chitosan (0.2 g, 0.4 g dan 0.6 g) and difference of chemical (borax, formalin and mercury) toward physical changes of wet noodle, tofu and fresh fish. The result of chitosan using UV-Vis Spechtrofotometer showed the highest value of absorbance is mercury, the second is borax an the third is formalin. The analyze of chitosan Lab color has the same result with chitosan absorbance. Analysis results on wet noodle, tofu and fresh fish, the best changes was obtained with inteaction treatment 15 g consentration of chitosan and 20 minutes.
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Wardhana, Krisna Adhitya, Saepulloh Saepulloh, and Reynaldo Biantoro. "Pemanfaatan Lumpur Primer Industri Kertas sebagai Absorben." JURNAL SELULOSA 8, no. 01 (October 16, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.25269/jsel.v1i01.220.
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The Utilization of Primary Sludge from Paper Mills as AbsorbentAbstractThe primary sludge from paper mill contains cellulose fiber that has high absorption capacity and potential to be used as an absorbent for hydrophobic compounds. The utilization of primary sludge from paper mill using raw material of waste paper and virgin pulp to be used as an absorbent has been conducted. The stages process of absorbent fabrication was consisted of three stages such as drying, mechanical and chemical processes. Mechanical process conducted were crushing and grinding methods to increase surface area and pore volume of sludge. Meanwhile silanization process as chemical treatment using solution of γ-metacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane in ethanol to improve the hydrophobic properties of primary sludge was also done. Absorbent products were tested for the maximum sorbency, the sorbent performance, absorption of hydrophobic liquid, absorption of hydrophobic dust, and contact angle test to conduct their performance. The absorbency of absorbent product which is covered by cushion material was also tested. Result indicated that the absorption performance of some absorbent product is higher than commercial absorbent on hydrophobic liquid and hydrophobic dust absorption test. But it was lower than commercial absorbent on maximum sorbency and the sorbent performance test. The use of cushion material as a wrapper could make it easy in the collection and could increase the absorbency.Keywords: primary sludge; mechanical; silanization; absorbent; hydrophobic AbstrakLumpur primer dari industri kertas mengandung serat selulosa yang memiliki daya serap tinggi dan memiliki potensi dimanfaatkan sebagai absorben senyawa hidrofobik. Pemanfaatan lumpur primer industri kertas berbahan baku kertas bekas dan virgin pulp sebagai absorben telah dilakukan. Tahapan proses pembuatan absorben dari lumpur primer meliputi proses pengeringan, proses mekanis, dan proses kimia. Proses mekanis yang dilakukan adalah crushing dan grinding untuk meningkatkan luas permukaan dan volume pori-pori lumpur dilanjutkan dengan proses silanisasi (silanization) sebagai perlakuan kimia menggunakan larutan γ-metacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane dalam etanol untuk meningkatkan sifat hidrofobik lumpur. Produk absorben diuji daya serap maksimum (maximum sorbency), kinerja absorben, penyerapan cairan hidrofobik, penyerapan debu hidrofobik, dan pengujian sudut kontak. Daya serap produk absorben yang ditutup bahan bahan cushion juga diuji. Hasil menunjukkan kemampuan absorbsi cairan hidrofobik dan debu hidrofobik dari beberapa perlakuan produk absorben lebih tinggi dari absorben komersial, sedangkan hasil maximum sorbency dan uji kinerja absorben menunjukkan hasil lebih rendah dari absorben komersial. Penggunaan bahan cushion sebagai pembungkus dapat memudahkan dalam pengumpulan dan dapat meningkatkan penyerapan.Kata kunci: lumpur primer; mekanis; silanisasi; absorben; hidrofobik
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Mazari, Funda, Adnan Mazari, Antonin Havelka, and Jakub Wiener. "Effect of a Superabsorbent for the Improvement of Car Seat Thermal Comfort." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 25 (April 30, 2017): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12303666.1228187.
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The use of super absorbent polymers (SAP) for moisture absorption and comfort is still unexplored. The aim of this work was to observe the application of super absorbent fibres in car seats for comfort purposes. In this research the efficiency of different SAP fibrous webs were determined under different moisture percentages to examine the sorption and desorption efficiency. A SAP fibrous web with low thickness and high moisture absorption were tested with a multilayer sandwich structure of a car seat cover to determine moisture absorption through the cover material. The standard Cup method was used to determine the moisture permeability of different car seat covers with a superabsorbent layer closed with impermeable polyurethane foam. It was observed that the SAP fibrous layers are very effective in absorbing and desorbing water vapour under extremely high and low moisture percentages. In extreme humid conditions (95%RH), 20g of the SAP layer absorbs nearly 70% of its weight in water vapour, reaching the maximum absorption capacity in 6 hours.
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Wei, Sai Nan, Rui Zhou Li, Li Chen, and Ji Ming Yao. "Research of Fiber Radar Absorbing Materials." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.835.
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Electromagnetic parameters and absorbing properties of fiber absorbents (carbon fiber, SiC fiber and polycrystalline iron fiber) were introduced. The influences of the arrangement, thickness and content of the fibers on radar absorbing property were summarized. New development directions of the fiber absorbents were also indicated.
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Mardison, NFN, Usman Ahmad, NFN Sutrisno, and Slamet Widodo. "KARAKTERISASI ABSORBANSI LARUTAN DAN PENDUGAAN DERAJAT SOSOH BERAS BERDASARKAN ABSORBANSI PADA SPEKTRUM ULTRA- VIOLET." Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian 15, no. 1 (November 5, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jpasca.v15n1.2018.43-51.
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<p>Teknologi non-destruktif seperti penggunaan gelombang ultra-violet (UV) dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif dalam menentukan kualitas beras sosoh. Pengembangan metode pengukuran dan karakterisasi beras sosoh berdasarkan absorbansi spektrumnya pada daerah UV sangat berpotensi dalam evaluasi kualitas beras secara non-destruktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis spektrum absorbansi UV pada beberapa varietas beras dengan tingkat penyosohan bervariasi dan menentukan hubungan derajat sosoh beras varietas Ciherang dengan spektrum absorbansi UV dari larutan beras dalam pelarut n-heksana. Larutan beras dibuat dengan pelarut n-heksana dengan perlakuan waktu perendaman dan konsentrasi n-heksana, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran absorbansi larutan pada spektrum UV, dan terakhir dilakukan analisis terhadap absorbansi larutan, dalam hubungannya dengan derajat sosoh. Sebelum analisis absorbansi pada spektrum UV dilakukan, didahului dengan dua pra-pengolahan data yaitu derivatif pertama dan normalisasi. Hasil analisis adalah karakteristik spektra untuk enam varietas beras yang diuji memiliki profil dan pola absorbansi pada spektrum UV dan hubungannya dengan dengan derajat sosoh beras varietas Ciherang adalah dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0.927. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan metode persiapan sampel terbaik dengan waktu perendaman 2-3 jam, dan dengan konsentrasi larutan beras dalam pelarut n-heksanasebesar 43.3% absorbansi pada spektrum UV paling besar terjadi pada panjang gelombang 330-335 nm.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Non-destructive technology such as the use of ultra-violet (UV) waves can be used as an alternative in determining the quality of milled rice</strong></p><p>The development of method of measuring and characterizing milled rice based on the absorbance of spectra in the UV area is highly potential in milled rice quality evaluation non-destructively. This study aims to analyze the spectrum of UV absorbance for some rice varieties with varying degree of milling and determining relation degree of milling for ciherang rice varieties with the absorption on UV area of rice solution in n-hexane solvent. The rice solution was prepared with n-hexane solvent by treatment of immersion time and n-hexane concentration, then measured the absorbance of the solution on the UV spectrum, and finally analyzed the absorbance of the solution, in relation to the rice degree of milling. Prior to the analysis of absorbance on the UV spectrum, by two pre-processing data, first derivative and data normalization were performed. The results of the analysis are spectral characteristics for the six rice varieties tested were absorbance profile and pattern on the UV spectrum and its relation with the degree of milling for ciherang rice varieties with the correlation coefficient value (r) of 0.927. It was observed from this research the best sample preparation method was that with 2-3 hours of soaking time, and the concentration of rice solution in 43.3% n-hexane solvent, resulted maximum absorbance on UV spectrum by rice solution at wavelengths of 330-335 nm.</p>
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Liu, Xin, Yuan Sheng Wang, Hong Wei Yu, Zheng Wei, and Nian Liu. "Research Progress and Application Prospect of High Oil-Absorbing Resins." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 1199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.1199.
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The high oil-absorbing resin is a new type functional polymer material. The recent development of high oil-absorbent resin and its properties and synthesis were introduced in this reviewpaper. The absorption principle and process of highoil-absorbent resin are also presented. The effect of monomer, crosslinking agent and pore forming agent on high oil-absorption properties of oil-absorbing resin is investigated. At last, the present applications of the high oil-absorbing resin in environmental protection and other industrial purpose are also mentioned.
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Teong, Lee Keat, Abdul Rahman Mohamed, and Subhash Bhatia. "REMOVAL OF SULFUR DIOXIDE FROM FLUE GAS USING ABSORBENT PREPARED BY WATER AND STEAM HYDRATION." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 20, no. 1 (December 21, 2017): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.374.
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Active absorbent for flue gas desulfurization was prepared from coal fly ash, calcium oxide (CaO) and calcium sulfate (CaSO4 ) by hydro-thermal process; steam and water hydration. The absorbents were examined and compared for its micro-structural properties. The experiments were conducted based on Design of Experiments (DOE) according to 24 factorial design. The effect of various absorbent preparation variables such as hydration period (Factor A), ratio of CaO to fly ash (Factor B), amount of calcium sulfate used (Factor C) and drying temperature (Factor D) towards the BET surface area of the absorbent were studied. The BET surface area of the absorbent was in the range of 12.9-169.3 m2/g. Fisher’s test showed that there is a strong influence of factor A, B and D towards the absorbent surface area, while its dependence on factor C is negligible. Comparison between absorbents prepared from water and steam hydration showed that the BET surface area of absorbents prepared from water hydration gives a higher surface area, but at a lower rate. The optimum BET surface area for the prepared absorbent 169.3 m 2 /g, was obtained at the following absorbent preparation variables using water hydration; hydration period of 24 hours, ratio of CaO to fly ash of 1:2, CaSO4 amount of 3 g and drying temperature of 200°C.
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Wu, Ying Long, Hua Zhao, Guo Gang Zhang, and Meng Wang. "Optimization Rules of Hydraulic Absorbers Energy Absorbing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 312 (February 2013): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.312.119.
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For optimizing hydraulic absorbers energy absorbing, weve studied the effects of the velocity point (Vmax), the valves opening gate (V0), the stage after the valve is open and the hysteretic lag. The equations of the F-V history curve and the F-S curve at the stage before the valve is open (T1) and after the valve is open (T2) were set up. When Vmax was bigger, T1 was shorter and the displacement of the opening gate (S0) was smaller. But S0 was approximate to A. If we advanced V0, S0 would be smaller, but S0 was was still close to A and it might cause an abnormal vibration. The F-S curve was an ellipse curve at T2. The area of this ellipse was close to k2, but the plumpness degree (φ) was a constant. The damping forces hysteretic lag would induce the F-S curves un-plumpness and over-plumpness. The un-plumpness is more severe than the over-plumpness. It is proper to use the opening gate instead of Φ to describe the damping forces hysteretic lag.
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Tian, Jing, Hongyu Shi, Haoquan Hu, Bo Chen, Yongfang Bao, and Pu Tang. "Implementation of Atomically Thick Graphene and Its Derivatives in Electromagnetic Absorbers." Applied Sciences 9, no. 3 (January 23, 2019): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9030388.
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To reduce the radar cross section at microwave frequencies, it is necessary to implement electromagnetic (EM) absorbing devices/materials to decrease the strength of reflected waves. In addition, EM absorbers also find their applications at higher spectrum such as THz and optical frequencies. As an atomic-thick two-dimensional (2D) material, graphene has been widely used in the development of EM devices. The conductivity of graphene can be electrostatically or chemically tuned from microwave to optical light frequencies, enabling the design of reconfigurable graphene EM absorbers. Meanwhile, the derivatives of graphene such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) also demonstrate excellent wave absorbing properties when mixed with other materials. In this article, the research progress of graphene and its derivatives based EM absorbers are introduced and the future development of graphene EM absorbing devices are also discussed.
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Han, Nara, Sol Park, Byung Kwon Kaang, Wooree Jang, Hye Young Koo, and Won San Choi. "An Active Absorbent for Cleanup of High-Concentration Strong Acid and Base Solutions." Materials 12, no. 20 (October 17, 2019): 3389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12203389.
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There is significant interest in developing novel absorbents for hazardous material cleanup. Iron oxide-coated melamine formaldehyde sponge (MFS/IO) absorbents with various IO layer thicknesses were synthesized. Various other absorbents were also synthesized and compared to evaluate the absorption capability of the MFS/IO absorbents for strong acid (15%, v/v) and base (50%, m/m) solutions. Specifically, absorbent and solution drop tests, dust tests, and droplet fragment tests were performed. Among the various absorbents, MFS/IO absorbents possessing a needlelike surface morphology showed several unique characteristics not observed in other absorbents. The MFS/IO absorbents naturally absorbed a strong base solution (absorption time: 0.71–0.5 s, absorption capacity: 10,000–34,000%) without an additional external force and immediately absorbed a strong acid solution (0.31–0.43 s, 9830–10,810%) without absorption delay/overflow during absorbent and solution drop tests, respectively. The MFS/IO absorbents were also demonstrated to be ideal absorbents that generated fewer dust particles (semiclass 1 (ISO 3) level of 280 piece/L) than the level of a clean room (class 100). Furthermore, the MFS/IO absorbents were able to prevent the formation of droplet fragments and solution overflow during the solution drop test due to their unique surface morphology and extremely high absorption speed/capacity, respectively.
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Arvidsson, Emma, Erling Nilsson, Delphine Bard Hagberg, and Ola J. I. Karlsson. "The Effect on Room Acoustical Parameters Using a Combination of Absorbers and Diffusers—An Experimental Study in a Classroom." Acoustics 2, no. 3 (July 4, 2020): 505–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics2030027.
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Several room acoustic parameters have to be considered in ordinary public rooms, such as offices and classrooms, in order to present the actual conditions, thus increasing demands on the acoustic treatment. The most common acoustical treatment in ordinary rooms is a suspended absorbent ceiling. Due to the non-uniform distribution of the absorbent material, the classical diffuse field assumption is not fulfilled in such cases. Further, the sound scattering effect of non-absorbing objects such as furniture are considerable in these types of rooms. Even the directional characteristic of the sound scattering objects are of importance. The sound decay curve in rooms with absorbent ceilings often demonstrate a double slope. Thus, it is not possible to use reverberation time as room parameter as a representative standalone acoustic measure. An evaluation that captures the true room acoustical conditions therefore needs supplementary parameters. The aim of this experimental study is to show how various acoustical treatments affect reverberation time T20, speech clarity C50 and sound strength G. The experiment was performed in a mock-up of a classroom. The results demonstrated how absorbers, diffusers and scattering objects influence room acoustical parameters. It is shown that to some extent the parameters can be adjusted individually by using different treatments or combination of treatments. This allows for the fine-tuning of the acoustical conditions, in order to fulfill the requirements for achieving a high-quality sound environment.
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Sun, Yafei, Min Chen, Peiwei Gao, Tianshu Zhou, Hongwei Liu, and Yong Xun. "Microstructure and microwave absorbing properties of reduced graphene oxide/Ni/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/Fe3O4 filled monolayer cement–based absorber." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 1 (January 2019): 168781401882288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018822886.
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In this article, reduced graphene oxide/Ni/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/Fe3O4 filled paste is synthesized with the aim of developing a novel shielding material. To do so, nano-dispersion presenting homogeneous distribution is made by ultrasonic dispersing technology. Next, the effects of nano-absorbent content on the fluidity, mechanical strength, pore structure, resistivity, and absorbing reflectivity of paste are studied. At the end, the microstructure of composite is uncovered by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transformer infrared, X-ray diffraction images as well as the pore size distribution and absorbing reflectivity are revealed. The results indicate that a small load of reduced graphene oxide and other nano-absorbents can significantly reduce the fluidity and resistivity of paste, but its pore structure is improved so that its mechanical properties are increased. Scanning electron microscopy images indicate that reduced graphene oxide promotes the increasing and thickening of the cement hydration products as well as the growth of a large number of flower-like and compact bulk crystals. Furthermore, the minimum reflectivity of −10.6 dB is obtained in the range of 2–18 GHz while the effective bandwidth of 16 GHz is obtained when reflectivity is less than −5 dB. This research provides a new pathway for the preparation of monolayer cement–based absorber.
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Laureau, Constance, Sylvie Meyer, Xavier Baudin, Christophe Huignard, and Peter Streb. "In vivo epidermal UV-A absorbance is induced by sunlight and protects Soldanella alpina leaves from photoinhibition." Functional Plant Biology 42, no. 7 (2015): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp14240.
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Alpine plants like Soldanella alpina L. are subjected to high PAR and high UV radiation. Among the important photoprotective mechanisms that prevent photoinhibition under such conditions, passive optical barriers such as UV-absorbing compounds were investigated. In this study, temporal and spatial patterns of epidermal UV-A absorbance for S. alpina leaves were investigated with a combination of absorbance measurements at 375 nm and imaging methods. UV-A absorbance was highest in plants acclimated to full sunlight and was markedly stable during the leaves’ lifetime. UV-A absorbance was correlated with leaf structure (leaf mass per area ratio, density of epidermal cells and stomata) and biochemical features such as chlorophyll and carotenoid content and ratio, which are characteristics of light acclimation. UV-A-absorbing compounds were mainly localised in the epidermal vacuoles and trichomes. Leaves with low UV-A absorbance were significantly more photosensitive than leaves with high UV-A absorbance. However, the epidermal UV-A absorbance increased in low-absorbance leaves under full sunlight even in the absence of UV radiation. Results suggest that high epidermal UV-A absorbance protects S. alpina leaves from photoinactivation, which is especially important after snowmelt, when plants are suddenly exposed to full sunlight.
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Gao, Cheng, Yangsheng Jiang, Dayong Cai, Jinyong Xu, and Weiyao Xiao. "Effect of Temperature on the Microwave-Absorbing Properties of an Al2O3–MoSi2 Coating Mixed with Copper." Coatings 11, no. 8 (August 5, 2021): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11080940.
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To obtain a high temperature-resistant microwave absorbing coating, an Al2O3–MoSi2/Cu composite coating was prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying. Compared with a normal temperature environment, there are a few reports on Cu as an absorbent for high temperature microwave absorbing coatings. Therefore, in this regard, wave absorbing property can be improved by using a Cu absorbent. The microstructure of a Al2O3–MoSi2/Cu coating was observed, and the dielectric properties of the composite coating in the high-temperature environment of the X-band were tested. The experimental results show that with the increase in temperature, Cu transforms Cu2O in the high-temperature environment and improves the coating’s wave absorption performance with MoSi2. In addition, a 1.4 mm-thick coating showed best microwave absorbing performance at 700 °C. The reflection loss was −19.09 dB, and the effective microwave absorbing bandwidth was 2.83 GHz (Reflection Loss < −10 dB). It was found that the Al2O3–MoSi2/Cu composite coating has good wave-absorbing performance in a 700 °C high-temperature environment.
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Valuev, N. P., I. Y. Isaeva, E. A. Mashintsov, and P. M. Yudanov. "MODEL OF COMPOUND ABSORBENT OF INCREASED CAPACITY BASING ON POLYMER WASTES FOR ELIMINATION OF OIL SPILLS." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 4, no. 1 (2019): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2019-4-1-24-32.
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In this paper results of experimental research of applying the compound absorbent for the elimination of oil spills are provided. Numerical scheme, reflecting the connection between components and quantities of the absorbent and its absorbing capacity was developed. Assessment of effectiveness of using the absorbent for elimination the consequences of oil spills was presented.
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Kirpichnikov, Valery, and Alexander Syatkovskiy. "EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH OF POLYMER FILM-BASED VIBRATION ABSORBERS." Akustika 32 (March 1, 2019): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika20193236.
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The paper describes possibility of a significant improvement in the vibration performance of resonating plates with vibration absorbing coatings or mass-saving resonating vibration absorbers. Vinyl acetate polymer film was used for a dissipative layer in coatings and vibration absorbers.
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Wu, Li Yan, Zhao Mei Qiu, and Yu Qiu Song. "Bionic Study on Structural Solar Absorption Materials Based on Microstructure Pattern of Butterfly Scales." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.190.
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With development of solar technology, high absorbance is no longer a hard problem in solar heat utilization. Many solar absorbing coating can easily get absorbance over 90%, but the coating materials and their manufacturing processes may harm seriously to human and environment. A typical plateau butterfly-- Lycaenidae was studied with bionic method in this work. It has considerable solar absorbing capacity for the physical microstructure in its wing scales but not chemicals. The 3D microstructure of the wing scales was measured and analyzed with SEM (Scanning Electronic Microscope) and TEM (Transition Electronic Microscope). The solar absorbing mechanism of the ridge and bottom microstructure was analyzed respectively based on geometrical optics and photon crystal theories. This study may promote solar heat utilization through a bionic structural material way.
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Handoko, Erfan, Iwan Sugihartono, Mangasi Alion Marpaung, Ucu Cahyana, Sovian Aritonang, Zulkarnain Jalil, Rusmono, Ahmad Taufiq, Sunaryono, and Mudrik Alaydrus. "Enhanced Microwave Absorbing Capabilities of Multilayer Absorbers Based on BaFe12O19 and Fe3O4." Materials Science Forum 966 (August 2019): 338–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.966.338.
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In order to enhance a new microwave absorbing capabilities in the X-band frequency range, polycrystalline magnetic materials of BaFe12O19 barium hexaferrite were fabricated through conventional ceramic method and the Fe3O4 powder from iron sand were prepared through magnetic separation after milling process by using planetary ball mill. Microwave absorbing capabilities of multilayer absorbers, composed of BaFe12O19 barium hexaferrite and the Fe3O4 powder, with a total thickness of 10 mm, were investigated by a vector network analyzer (VNA) in the range of 8.2 –12.4 GHz. According to transmission line theory, reflection of microwave radiations from multilayer magnetic materials is calculated. The reflection loss (RL) strongly depends on thickness of multilayer absorbers and showed an optimal RL. Keywords : BaFe12O19, Fe3O4 powder, reflection loss, multilayer absorbers.
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Yang, Xiang Ping, Yu Ze Jiang, Shi Jian Lu, and Di Wen Jiang. "The Developing of High Efficiency Coal-Fired Flue Gas CO2 Capturing Absorbent." Advanced Materials Research 641-642 (January 2013): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.641-642.136.
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For developing the high efficiency and new-style CO2 absorbent, the CO2 absorbing ability, separating performance, causticity to steel and decomposition performance were studied and contrasted for various kinds of absorbent. It was suggested that 12%MEA+7.5%AMP is the best composite absorbent. The rich liquid regeneration temperature is 100°C. Adding 1% sodium metavanadate could reduce the corrosion and decomposition.
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Lyu, Li-Hua, Wen-Di Liu, and Bao-Zhong Sun. "Electromagnetic Wave-Absorbing and Bending Properties of Three-Dimensional Honeycomb Woven Composites." Polymers 13, no. 9 (May 5, 2021): 1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091485.
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To avoid the delamination of the traditional three-dimensional (3-D) honeycomb electromagnetic (EM) absorbing composites and improving the defects of low mechanical properties, the 3-D honeycomb woven fabrics were woven on the ordinary loom by practical design. The fabrication of 3-D honeycomb woven EM absorbing composites was based on carbon black/carbonyl iron powder/basalt fiber/carbon fiber/epoxy resin (CB/CIP/BF/CF/EP) by the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. A CB/CIP composite absorbent study showed that CB/CIP composite absorbent belongs to a magnetic loss type absorbent. Adding CB/CIP significantly improved the absorption performance of composite, increased the absorption peak and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB), but the bending performance decreased. The normalization analysis results showed that when the thickness was 15 mm, the mechanical properties and EM wave-absorbing properties of the 3-D honeycomb woven composite were the best matches. The morphological characteristics and displacement load curves of the composite after fracture were analyzed. The bending failure modes were brittle fracture of the fiber bundle, matrix cracking, and typical shear failure. Despite the above failure mechanism, the 3-D honeycomb woven EM absorbing composites still has good integrity without delamination.
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Yalamanchili, Sisir, Paul A. Kempler, Kimberly M. Papadantonakis, Harry A. Atwater, and Nathan S. Lewis. "Integration of electrocatalysts with silicon microcone arrays for minimization of optical and overpotential losses during sunlight-driven hydrogen evolution." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 3, no. 9 (2019): 2227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9se00294d.
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Shin, J. Y., and J. H. Oh. "The microwave absorbing phenomena of ferrite microwave absorbers." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 29, no. 6 (November 1993): 3437–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.281188.
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Das, Padmalaya, Danielle Lisnek, Krushna Chandra Sahoo, Shalini Sinha, JyotiRanjan Mohanty, Pranati Sahoo, Bibiana Bilung, Bijaya Panda, Clare Tanton, and Belen Torondel. "Identifying Risk Factors for Lower Reproductive Tract Infections among Women Using Reusable Absorbents in Odisha, India." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (April 29, 2021): 4778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094778.
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A large proportion of women in Odisha, India, use reusable absorbents to manage their menstruation. Yet, the risk factors for lower reproductive tract infections (RTIs) related to menstrual hygiene management (MHM) have not been studied among reusable absorbent users. Women of reproductive age attending one of two hospitals from two different cities in Odisha during two separate study intervals were recruited for the study. Laboratory diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) were conducted. A questionnaire was used to collect information on MHM practices, water, sanitation, and socio-demographic factors. Among the 509 women who used reusable absorbents, 71.7% were diagnosed with at least one infection. After adjusting for confounders, women with BV were more likely to identify as being a housewife (aOR: 1.8 (1.1–2.9)). Frequent absorbent changing was protective against BV (aOR: 0.5 (0.3–0.8)), whereas frequent body washing increased the odds of BV (aOR: 1.5 (1.0–2.2)). Women with VVC were more likely to be older (aOR: 1.6 (1.0–2.5)), live below the poverty line (aOR: 1.5 (1.1–2.2)), have a non-private household latrine (aOR: 2.2 (1.3–4.0)), dry their absorbents inside the house (aOR: 3.7 (2.5–4.5)), and store absorbents in the latrine area (aOR: 2.0 (1.3–2.9)). Washing absorbents outside the house was protective against VVC (aOR: 0.7 (0.4–1.0)). This study highlights the importance of improving MHM practices among reusable absorbent users to prevent lower RTIs among women reusing menstrual materials in Odisha.
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Wu, Chao, Xue Song Cao, Jing Chang Ji, and Wei Zhong. "Contrast between Modification Methods for Magnetism Absorbents." Materials Science Forum 852 (April 2016): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.852.73.
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Two methods are widely used to improve absorbing properties of the microwave magnetism absorbing agent: mixing with the other material such as resistance carbon fiber absorbent, or wrapping the microwave magnetism-absorbing agent in that material. However, do these two methods coincide with each other? If not, which method should be used as better way to represent the absorbing properties of magnetism-absorbing agents? To answer these questions, both methods are carried out on the same magnetism absorbing agents, of which the results are compared. Distinct difference between these measured results is found, and the possible reasons for the difference are also discussed.
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Zambrano, Judith, Sagrario Briceño, Clara Mendez, and Eliseo Castellano. "Response of Mango Fruit to Potassium Permanganate as an Ethylene Absorbent during Storage." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 638c—638. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.638c.
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Mango fruit of `Palmer' and `Keitt' were harvested at the preclimacteric stage. An inexpensive ethylene absorbent was made by mixing aqueous KMnO4 with vermiculite and silicagel as support material. Fruits were treated with the mixture of vermiculite–KMnO4 and silicagel–KMnO4 as ethylene absorbents and stored at 10 and 15°C for 18 days. Fruits were evaluated for skin and pulp color, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and weight loss at interval of 3 days. Ethylene absorbents had no significant effect on skin color parameters (lightness, hue, and chroma). However differences due to ethylene absorbents and temperature storage were evident on pulp color parameters. Soluble solids content and titratable acidity were affected by ethylene absorbent and temperature storage. The percent of weight loss increased with temperature and with duration of storage.
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Karpel Vel Leitner, N., E. Le Bras, E. Foucault, and J. L. Bousgarbiès. "A new photochemical reactor design for the treatment of absorbing solutions." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 4 (February 1, 1997): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0122.
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The recent developments in the field of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) require improvements in reactor design. Indeed, light-induced procedures cannot be used for the removal of micropollutants in strong absorbing solutions. In this work, the technical design concept for mixing in a cylindrical reactor has been approached in a rational way for the treatment of compounds in highly absorbing solutions. The new photochemical reactor perfected in our laboratory consists of an annular reactor with one UV lamp in axial position. However, this reactor differs from classical ones since the rotation of the quartz sleeve protecting the lamp associated with the flux of the solution establishes a Couette-Taylor type flow. This means that toroïcal eddies are formed between the two surfaces of the cylindrical reactor and thus, periodically, each fraction of liquid comes near the UV source. Three photochemical processes with irradiation at 254 nm have been examined: direct photolysis, H2O2/UV and TiO2/UV for the removal of organic micropollutants such as atrazine and aliphatic acids in strongly absorbant solutions. Para-nitrophenol in the concentration range 1.0 to 2.3 mmol.L−1 (3.0-6.4 cm−1) has been added to the water to be treated as a product that absorbs the 254 nm light. The overall effect simulates that of an inner filter absorbing incident photons. In several experiments, para-nitrophenol was replaced by a mineral component bentonite. Experiments showed that under these experimental conditions, for the three photochemical systems, the yield of oxidation was significantly increased as a result of the rotating movement of the central cylinder. This new design will be able to improve the efficiency of commonly used industrial reactors.
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Dong, Wei Fang, Li Hua Zang, and Xin Pang. "Comparative Study of Phenol Adsorption from Aqueous Solution onto Four Kinds of Absorbents." Advanced Materials Research 1056 (October 2014): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1056.134.
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The absorbents including MnO2, fly ash, NaY zeolite and activated carbon powder were used to study the adsorption capacity of phenol. The effect of contact time and dosage of absorbents on the removal efficiency were investigated. The experimental results suggested that activated carbon powder is most effective absorbent, following as fly ash, MnO2 and NaY zeolite which the removal efficiency could reached 98.41%,77.65%, 60.19% and 24.13% at 90min respectively. The data indicated that the activated carbon powder was favorable for adsorption while NaY zeolite was unfit for absorbent of phenol from aqueous solution due to lower removal.
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Rhodin, N. H. P., L. Christensen, P. Møller, T. Zafar, and J. P. U. Fynbo. "Stellar masses, metallicity gradients, and suppressed star formation revealed in a new sample of absorption selected galaxies." Astronomy & Astrophysics 618 (October 2018): A129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832992.
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Context. Absorbing galaxies are selected via the detection of characteristic absorption lines which their gas-rich media imprint in the spectra of distant light-beacons. The proximity of the typically faint foreground absorbing galaxies to bright background sources makes it challenging to robustly identify these in emission, and hence to characterise their relation to the general galaxy population. Aims. We search for emission to confirm and characterise ten galaxies hosting damped, metal-rich quasar absorbers at redshift z < 1. Methods. We identified the absorbing galaxies by matching spectroscopic absorption -and emission redshifts and from projected separations. Combining emission-line diagnostics with existing absorption spectroscopy and photometry of quasar-fields hosting metal-rich, damped absorbers, we compare our new detections with reference samples and place them on scaling relations. Results. We spectroscopically confirm seven galaxies harbouring damped absorbers (a 70% success-rate). Our results conform to the emerging picture that neutral gas on scales of tens of kpc in galaxies is what causes the characteristic H I absorption. Our key results are: (I) Absorbing galaxies with log10[M⋆,(M⊙)] ≳ 10 have star formation rates that are lower than predicted for the main sequence of star formation. (II) The distribution of impact parameter with H I column density and with absorption-metallicity for absorbing galaxies at z ∼ 2–3 extends to z ∼ 0.7 and to lower H I column densities. (III) A robust mean metallicity gradient of ⟨Γ⟩ = −0.022 ± 0.001 dex kpc−1. (IV) By correcting absorption metallicities for ⟨Γ⟩ and imposing a truncation-radius at 12 kpc, absorbing galaxies fall on top of predicted mass-metallicity relations, with a statistically significant decrease in scatter.
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Ye, Longfang, Fang Zeng, Yong Zhang, Xiong Xu, Xiaofan Yang, and Qing Liu. "Frequency-Reconfigurable Wide-Angle Terahertz Absorbers Using Single- and Double-Layer Decussate Graphene Ribbon Arrays." Nanomaterials 8, no. 10 (October 14, 2018): 834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8100834.
Full textAbstract:
We propose and numerically demonstrate two novel terahertz absorbers made up of periodic single- and double-layer decussate graphene ribbon arrays. The simulated results show that the proposed absorbers have narrowband near-unity terahertz absorption with ultra-wide frequency reconfiguration and angular stability. By tuning the Fermi level of graphene ribbons, the over 90% absorbance peak frequency of the absorber with single-layer graphene structure can be flexibly adjusted from 6.85 to 9.85 THz for both the transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) polarizations. This absorber with single-layer graphene demonstrates excellent angular stability with the absorbance peaks of the reconfigurable absorption bands remaining over 99.8% in a wide angle of incidence ranging from 0 to 70°. The tuning frequency can be significantly enhanced by using the absorber with double-layer graphene structure from 5.50 to 11.28 THz and 5.62 to 10.65 THz, approaching two octaves under TM and TE polarizations, respectively. The absorbance peaks of the reconfigurable absorption band of this absorber for both polarizations maintain over 70%, even at a large angle of incidence up to 70°. Furthermore, an analytical fitting model is also proposed to accurately predict the absorbance peak frequencies for this variety of absorbers. Benefitting from these attractive properties, the proposed absorber may have great potential applications in tunable terahertz trapping, detecting, sensing, and various terahertz optoelectronic devices.
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Zhang, Yuefang, Shunhua Liu, and wanJun Hao. "Microwave absorption and mechanical properties of double-layer cement-based composites containing different replacement levels of fly ash." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 25, no. 4 (July 26, 2018): 707–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2016-0325.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Double-layer absorbing cement-based composites with the thickness of 10 mm were prepared, including different replacement levels of fly ash (FA) in the absorbing layer as well as the matching layer for impedance matching. Waste polyethylene terephthalate bottle fragment was introduced as electromagnetic transparent reinforcement aggregate. Carbon black was used to be original absorbent in the absorbing layer. The microstructure and electromagnetic parameters of FA were closely looked at through scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and analyzer of vector network. The absorption and mechanical properties of cement-based composites were tested. It turned out that when the optimal replacement ratio of FA in the absorbing layer and matching layer gets to 50%:30%, the minimum value of reflection loss achieves −22.3 dB at 13.2 GHz; also, the value of absorption bandwidth that is effective (<−8 dB) is 6.4 GHz. Ni-Zn ferrite proves to be a feasible absorbent that is additional for the matching layer compared to what is added to the absorbing layer. The compressive strength of all the mixtures decreased, while the flexural strength decreased first and then increased with the rise of the FA replacement level.
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Li, Jia Zhu Li, Zhan Bin Huang, Yuan Yuan Feng, and Wei Chen. "Interactive Effects of Super Absorbent Polymer and Nitrate Nitrogen." Advanced Materials Research 598 (November 2012): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.598.323.
Full textAbstract:
The superfluous application and low use efficiency of chemical nitrate nitrogen fertilizer account for the nitrogen pollution of soil and water, threatening human’s health. In order to raise the fertilizer use efficiency, prevent from non- point pollution and nitrogen pollution of groundwater, and select superior material, five different kinds of super absorbent polymer (SAP) were selected as the objects. Through the analysis of the characteristics change of water and fertilizer absorbing of the five SAPs within different concentration of NO3--N, and the discussion of interactive effects between the SAPs and NO3--N, it is showed that: the water absorbent ability of all kinds of SAP exhibits a negative relationship with the concentration of KNO3 by decreasing of more than 50%. For all the five types of SAPs, the type of polyacrylate shows the strongest ability of water absorbing in all kinds of KNO3 concentration and the type of humic acid- polyacrylate is least affected by saline solution. The type of PAM- inorganic mineral SAP does well in nitrogen absorbing, whose absorbing amount linearly increases with the KNO3 concentration increasing, while the other types of SAP shows no obvious ability for nitrogen absorbing.
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Harnly, James M. "Evaluation of Calibration Methods for Zeeman Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Using Computer Modeling." Applied Spectroscopy 48, no. 9 (September 1994): 1156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702944029541.
Full textAbstract:
Computer modeling was used to compare calibration curves and relative concentration errors for normal, linearized, and three-field Zeeman GF-AAS. The model assumed that either photon shot noise or the combination of photon shot and analyte fluctuation noise were limiting and that the sole source of nonlinearity was stray light. For absorbance, the calibration range and the relative concentration error for all three methods are almost identical. The difference is a reduced-sensitivity curve for three-field Zeeman, which offers a relative concentration error advantage in the concentration region where the most sensitive curve rolls over. For integrated absorbance, the sum of absorbances over the analytical peak, linearized Zeeman provides a significant relative concentration error advantage over the other methods at the high concentration end of the calibration curve. The calibration range is effectively extended by at least 1.5 orders of magnitude. This advantage arises from integration of absorbances which have a linear relationship to concentration. At high concentrations, absorbances computed for normal and three-field Zeeman are nonlinear with respect to concentration. Three-field Zeeman offers no advantage over normal Zeeman for integrated absorbance.