Relevant bibliographies by topics / Absorption/adsorption

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Absorption/adsorption'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 29 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Absorption/adsorption"

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Kern, Raymond. "Adsorption, absorption, versus crystal growth." Crystal Research and Technology 48, no. 10 (August 13, 2013): 727–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crat.201200704.

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Tvardovskii, A. V. "A common approach to adsorption and absorption: Polymolecular adsorption." Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences Division of Chemical Science 41, no. 4 (April 1992): 603–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01150877.

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Smith, Gregory N., Isabelle Grillo, Sarah E. Rogers, and Julian Eastoe. "Surfactants with colloids: Adsorption or absorption?" Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 449 (July 2015): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2014.12.048.

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Tvardovskii, A. V. "General approach to adsorption and absorption." Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Division of Chemical Science 40, no. 7 (July 1991): 1307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00961220.

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Yang, Hui Yong, and Qing Song Li. "Adsorption Characters of 17α-Ethynyestradiol by Activated Carbon." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.767.

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This paper studied the activated charcoal absorption EE2 characters by static absorption method. The result showed that EE2 can be removed effectively by activated carbon adsorption. Langmuir isothermal equation can describe the adsorption EE2 characters of activated charcoal well. The relativity adsorption coefficient reached marked or extremely marked level; compared with adsorption performances of different kinds of activated carbon coefficient, the adsorption capacity of PAC3# was the largest to EE2, The adsorption rate of PAC7# was the fastest, but the adsorption capacity of PAC7# was the smaller.
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Smittenberg, J. "Absorption and adsorption of hydrogen by Nickel." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 53, no. 12 (September 3, 2010): 1065–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19340531202.

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Jia, Na, and Chang Liu. "Research on Physical and Mechanical Performance and Formaldehyde Adsorption Characteristics of Self-Adsorption Fiber Board." Advanced Materials Research 113-116 (June 2010): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.547.

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The composite element method（CEM） is utilized to mix wood fiber and activated carbon into the self-adsorption fiber board under certain process condition. The density, bending strength, elastic modulus, internal bond strength and water absorption are tested under the same condition, at the same time, the formaldehyde emission rate is measured with desiccator method. The result shows that all the mechanical properties of self-adsorption fiber board are a bit higher than that of ordinary fiber board. The effect of formaldehyde self-absorption is highly related to the amount of added activated carbon instead of the form. Under the test condition, the emission of formaldehyde of the self-adsorption fiber board added with 10% activated carbon grain can be reduced by 35%. Further more, it is easier for the self-adsorption fiber board added with powder activated carbon to obtain even physical and mechanical performance and absorption effect.
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Liu, Chang, Shuai Shuai, Shuai Cao, Pengyu Wang, and Jiabin Cai. "Hygroscopic properties of six tree species with four tangential thicknesses." BioResources 17, no. 2 (April 6, 2022): 2959–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.2.2959-2976.

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The differences of hygroscopic property among six tree species with four thicknesses were examined. The density, chemical composition, crystallinity, equilibrium moisture content (EMC), and moisture absorption rate were measured by static saturated salt solution method, and the isothermal moisture absorption curve was fitted by the H-H model to analyze monolayer molecular adsorption and multilayer molecular adsorption. The results show that under the same relative humidity (RH), the EMC of Picea asperata and Populus deltoides were increased with increasing thickness, while that of Quercus spp. and Xanthostemon melanoxylon were decreased. The moisture absorption rate of P. asperata was the largest and that of X. melanoxylon was the smallest. When RH ranged from 0 to 97%, the monolayer molecular adsorption water amount of samples with different thicknesses of the six tree species gradually became close. With the increase of tree species density, the monolayer molecular adsorption water amount of the thinner sample is gradually greater than that of the thicker sample. The change of multi-layer molecular adsorption water content is consistent with that of EMC, Moisture absorption rate, monolayer molecular adsorption water, and multilayer molecular adsorption water are related to the chemical composition content, density, and thickness of tree species.
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Zuo, Ke Sheng, Jian Chao Liu, and Peng Shang. "Study on Cu2+ Absorption Characteristics of Bentonite - Acrylic Acid Resin." Advanced Materials Research 581-582 (October 2012): 685–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.685.

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Bentonite has better heavy metallic ion adsorption capacity than most of other minerals. But bentonite suspension is stalbe and it makes the solid-liquid separation very difficult. To solve this problem, bentonite was fixed into the resin by copolymerizing with acrylic acid. The reaction mechanism and the effect of bentonite on the properties of the resin were studied. The results show that the addition of bentonite has similar effect on the water-absorption and Cu2+ adsorption properties of the resin. When the mass ratio of bentonite to acrylic acid is below 1∶2, the addition of bentonite improve the water absorption and Cu2+ adsorption properties, and the water absorption and Cu2+ adsorption properties decline with more bentonite added.
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Rahayu, Ulfi. "Kinetika Adsorpsi Zat Warna Direct Brown Menggunakan Hidroksiapatit Dengan Variasi Dosis Adsorben dan pH Larutan." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Kimia 5, no. 1 (January 25, 2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32493/jitk.v5i1.7390.

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Adsorption is a dye absorption process using various adsorbents. Dye waste produced by industry can pollute the environment because it is dangerous and poisonous. In this study, calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite with a Ca / P ratio of more / less than 1.67 was used as the adsorption medium. Utilization of the adsorption process in dye absorption is useful for determining isotherm models and adsorption kinetics. The dye used is direct brown. The dye adsorption process was carried out at variations in pH (6, 7, 8) and adsorbent mass (0.1; 0.15; 0.2 wt%) at a rotating speed of 250 rpm and 30 ppm of dye concentration. The maximum adsorption capacity occurs at pH 6 with an absorption efficiency of 51.4%. The equilibrium model tested is the Langmuir, Freundlich, Harkins Jura, Temkin equilibrium model. and Dubinin-Raduskevich. The isotherm model of the direct brown dye adsorption process follows the Temkin model with a R2 value of 0.9996. The adsorption kinetics tested were Pseudo First Order, Pseudo Second Order, Elovich and Intraparticle Diffusion. The kinetics of the direct brown dye adsorption process followed the intraparticle diffusion order kinetics model with R2 value of 0.9938 in the adsorption process with a pH of 6 and an adsorbent mass of 0.5 grams.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Absorption/adsorption"

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Kalimtgis, Konstandinos. "ADSORPTION OF TRICHLOROETHYLENE AND CARBON TETRACHLORIDE ON SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL ADSORBENTS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275355.

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Mohd, Ali. "Adsorption et électrosorption d'herbicides et de tensioactifs sur charbons actifs en grains." Pau, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PAUU3028.

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Ce travail relatif a l'adsorption et l'electrosorption (adsorption sous potentiel impose) de polluants sur charbons actifs en grains comporte trois parties : la premiere partie a pour but d'etudier l'influence sur l'interaction adsorbat-adsorbant de la nature physique et chimique du charbon actif. Les resultats obtenus, par les methodes de titrage de boehm, de chromatographie gazeuse inverse et d'une combination de ces deux methodes, ont permis d'identifier separement l'effet sur les forces d'interaction de la porosite et des groupements fonctionnels. La deuxieme partie est consacree a l'etude de l'adsorption d'herbicides et de tensioactifs sur charbon actif en grains (cag) en regime dynamique. Les resultats obtenus montrent que la capacite et la cinetique d'adsorption en flux continu sont influencees par les proprietes de l'adsorbat et celles de l'adsorbant. Les parametres utilises sont la solubilite, la charge et la concentration pour les solutes, la porosite et les proprietes acido-basiques pour l'adsorbant. La capacite d'adsorption varie lineairement avec ln t. La derniere partie s'interesse a l'etude de l'electrosorption de deux herbicides et de trois tensioactifs. Les resultats montrent, pour les herbicides atrazine et simazine, que l'application d'un potentiel negatif au cag augmente legerement l'adsorption tandis qu'un potentiel positif diminue nettement la quantite retenue. Pour les tensioactifs anionique (abs) ou non-ionique (triton n-101), l'effet d'un potentiel applique est relativement faible et difficile a interpreter. Pour le cdbac, tensioactif cationique, l'alternance de cycles positifs et negatifs donne lieu a une electrosorption reversible et comprise entre 10 et 15%.
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Johnson, William H. "Sorption models for U, Cs, and Cd on upper Atlantic Coastal Plain soils." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16609.

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Robinson, Andrew William. "Adsorption on platinum (110) : reflection-absorption infra-red studies." Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379555.

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Merino, Jose Carlos Alvarez, and Kazuo Hatakeyama. "Technology surveillance of the solar refrigeration by absorption/adsorption." Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622310.

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PICMET 2016 - Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology: Technology Management For Social Innovation, Proceedings4 January 2017, Article number 7806767, Pages 1976-19822016 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology, PICMET 2016; Honolulu; United States; 4 September 2016 through 8 September 2016; Category numberCFP16766-ART; Code 125891
In order to establish networks of cooperation looking for not to duplicate research and even to make use of existing research in a remote form, it is necessary to identify and classify (around the world) the researchers and laboratories, that are researching in the topic of solar refrigeration by absorption/adsorption. The methodology consists in: i) the technology's classification, ii) technological trajectory Identification, iii) a thematic bibliographic review, and iv) patent's analysis. In this way, with the previous determination of keywords, will be identified main authors and their respective institutions. With the same keywords, are determined the licensed patents (in certain span of time). In addition, the analysis of publications, patents, and commercial products give us an opportunity to establish comparisons between prototypes and tests (in several conditions). The larger results implicate the use of actor's network and the remote access to the data and tests, for a collaborative research, overcoming the lack of laboratory resource and accelerating the knowledge acquisition
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Deyme, Michel. "Modification de la composition chimique superficielle de polymères : étude de l'adsorption du collagène aux interfaces air ou polymère/solutions aqueuses." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA114804.

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Mercury, Maud Chloé. "Etude de méthodes et moyens d'adsorption/désorption pour l'analyse en ligne de traces de dioxines/furannes à l'émission de sources fixes." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX11049.

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La gestion des déchets est un problème majeur de notre société de consommation. En 2008, la France a produit 868 millions de tonnes de déchets. Aujourd’hui, un des principaux moyens de valoriser et d’éliminer nos déchets ultimes est l’incinération. Cependant, depuis la découverte des « dioxines » issues des procédés de combustion, cette technique est devenue un sujet d’inquiétude. L’application de la réglementation fixant des seuils limites à l’émission a engendré une forte diminution des émissions des sources fixes. Toutefois, il apparaît important de connaître et maîtriser en « temps réel » les taux de dioxines émis en sortie d’incinérateur. Ces travaux s'intègrent dans une étude globale d'un dispositif de mesure en ligne, "temps réel" et directe de dioxines/furannes à l'émission de sources industrielles fixes. Ils concernent plus spécifiquement l’étude de nouveaux moyens d’adsorption sélectifs de congénères toxiques vis-à-vis des autres congénères et des composés de la matrice gazeuse des rejets, matériaux qui seront implantés dans ce dispositif en ligne. Dans un premier temps, ces travaux se sont focalisés sur l'étude, la synthèse et la caractérisation de nouveaux matériaux adsorbants sélectifs de type zéolithique. Ces matériaux ont été utilisés comme supports lors de l’adsorption de dioxines en solution (2,3-DCDD et 1,2,3,4-TCDD) et ont été comparés aux adsorbants utilisés dans la norme NF EN 1948 lors du prélèvement à l’émission. Cette étude de l’adsorption de dioxines en solution dans l’isooctane a permis d’identifier la zéolithe NaX comme la plus efficace pour le piégeage sélectif des dioxines. En parallèle, un appareillage polyvalent d’adsorption/désorption thermique en ligne de dioxines en phase, gazeuse a été conçu et mis au point. Ce dispositif est couplé à un chromatographe en phase gazeuse et à un spectromètre de masse. Il permet l’analyse en ligne de flux de gaz étalon de dioxines et l’analyse de dioxines piégées dans un tube d’adsorbants. L’ensemble de ces travaux ont permis de démontrer l’intérêt d’utiliser les zéolithes pour le piégeage sélectif des dioxines en phase gazeuse dans un pré-dispositif de terrain d’adsorption/désorption thermique en ligne de dioxines à l’émission de sources fixes
Waste management is a major problem of our society where the amount of waste is still increasing. In 2008, in France, 868 million tons of waste were produced. Today, incineration is considered to be an effective method for disposing of waste. However, since the discovery dioxins generated in all waste plants, this technique becomes a topic of great concern. The authorities require a regulation of dioxin emissions lower than 0. 1 ng ITEQ. M-3 in Europe. Consequently it appears very important to measure and control in “real time” dioxin emission levels from waste incinerators. The major focus of this dissertation work centers on the development of an on-line, real time and direct monitoring technique to study stationary emission sources of dioxins/furans. It concerns the study of new classes of selective adsorbents; in relation to the complexity of the gas mixture in the incinerator’s emissions and to the possible existence of the gas phase dioxin congeners. In a first time, these works focus on study, synthesis and characterization of new selective adsorbent materials as zeolites. These materials have been used as supports for adsorption of solutions of dioxins (2,3- DCDD and 1,2,3,4-TCDD in isooctane) and they have been compared to adsorbents used in NF EN 1948 standard during emission sampling. This study shows that NaX zeolite was the best adsorbent for selective trapping on dioxins. In a second time, an analytical method for on line monitoring of gas phase dioxin at the emission of waste incinerators is designed and developed. This method is based on an adsorption/ thermal desorption device coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The device allows the on-line analysis of the standard gas flue of dioxins and the analysis of dioxins trapped in an adsorbent tube. To conclude, these works shows the interest of use zeolites for selective trapping of gas phase dioxins in an on-line field device of adsorption/ thermal desorption of dioxins from stationary sources
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Caja, Monique. "Adsorption du gaz naturel sur les charbons en conditions anhydres et saturées en eau : Etude des quantités adsorbées et du fractionnement isotopique." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22019.

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Nelson, Peter Robert. "Oxygen from air by pressure swing adsorption." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1281.

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Thesis (Masters Diploma (Mechanical engineering)--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 1993
The main objective of the work outlined in tills project is to create an awareness of Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) Processes, their application to oxygen production systems in the RSA and the construction and testing of a pilot plant, built to assess an overseas design. Available oxygen PSA technology was examined from a theoretical approach, right through to practical applications. The aim was not to re-invent the technology, but to review what technology is available and to assess its suitability for the South African Industrial Sectors. This was undertaken by investigating all PSA processes that are available to market the product to industry. The technology review includes an investigation of overseas PSA technologies and compares these modes of technology with the technology that is readily available to Afrox Limited, a major gas supplier in South Africa. This resulted in the technology from the British Oxygen Company being thoroughly reviewed, examined and compared to various other modes of technology. The basic principals of adsorption are discussed to give the reader an understanding of the factors that influence efficient adsorption and adsorbent regeneration. The parameters that defme when adsorption separation processes are applicable to the separation of atmospheric gases are also discussed. The different types of PSA plant layout are discussed in great detail and it is explained when each plant layout type would be used.
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Nanakassé, Sidiki. "Sur l'utilisation du gel de silice dans des machines frigorifiques à affinité : adsorption de l'eau et du méthanol." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS070.

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Etude théorique de l'évolution morphologique du gel de silice (Rhône-Poulenc, Prolabo) sous l'action combinée de la température et de la vapeur d'adsorbat (eau, méthanol). Application à la réfrigération. Le système gel de silice-adsorbat (eau, méthanol) est très efficace dans le cas des faibles différences de température entre la source froide et la source chaude, et la source froide et la température de l'évaporateur; mais il est très sensible aux écarts de température au niveau de l'adsorbeur. La faible vitesse d'adsorption entraine quelques difficultés à utiliser ce système pour la mise en froid d'une charge. Par contre, il sera facilement utilisable pour la compensation des pertes thermiques.
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Books on the topic "Absorption/adsorption"

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Adsorption by carbons. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2008.

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Zarzycki, Roman. Absorption: Fundamentals & applications. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1993.

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McLean, Stuart. The density of adsorbing materials. [Toronto]: University Library, pub. by the Librarian, 1996.

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McLean, Stuart. The absorption [i.e. adsorption] of helium by charcoal. [Toronto]: University Library, pub. by the Librarian, 1996.

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Collision-induced absorption in gases. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

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McLean, Stuart. The absorption [i.e. adsorption] of gases by carbonized lignites. [Toronto]: University Library, pub. by the Librarian, 1996.

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Gas separation by adsorption processes. London: Imperial College Press, 1997.

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Yang, R. T. Gas separation by adsorption processes. Singapore: World Scientific, 1997.

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Yang, R. T. Gas separation by adsorption processes. Boston: Butterworths, 1987.

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W, Cole Milton, and Zaremba Eugene 1946-, eds. Physical adsorption: Forces and phenomena. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Absorption/adsorption"

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Boyadjiev, Christo, Maria Doichinova, Boyan Boyadjiev, and Petya Popova-Krumova. "Absorption-Adsorption Method." In Modeling of Column Apparatus Processes, 283–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28259-6_11.

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Boyadjiev, Christo, Maria Doichinova, Boyan Boyadjiev, and Petya Popova-Krumova. "Absorption–Adsorption Method." In Modeling of Column Apparatus Processes, 417–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89966-4_16.

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Yang, Wansheng, Shuli Liu, Xiaoqiang Zhai, Yin Bi, Zhangyuan Wang, and Xudong Zhao. "Solar Desiccant (Absorption/Adsorption) Cooling/Dehumidification Technologies." In Advanced Energy Efficiency Technologies for Solar Heating, Cooling and Power Generation, 211–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17283-1_7.

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Kaplan, Drora. "Absorption and Adsorption of Heavy Metals by Microalgae." In Handbook of Microalgal Culture, 602–11. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118567166.ch32.

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Noll, Kenneth E., and Jerry W. Crowder. "Control of Gases and Vapors by Adsorption, Absorption and Condensation." In Industrial Air Pollution, 145–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76051-8_16.

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Pan, Yong, Zhe Zhang, Xiong-Shi Tong, Hai Li, Xiao-Hui Wang, Bei Liu, Chang-Yu Sun, Lan-Ying Yang, and Guang-Jin Chen. "Separation of Methane from Biogas by Absorption-Adsorption Hybrid Method." In Acid Gas Extraction for Disposal and Related Topics, 359–76. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118938652.ch23.

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Shah, Dimple V. "Role of Absorption and Adsorption in the Removal of Waste." In Emerging Trends in Environmental Biotechnology, 33–47. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003186304-4.

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Carbajal, Jose L., and Ralph E. White. "Adsorption and Absorption of Hydrogen in Metals FTIR and RT Approach." In Electrochemistry in Transition, 339–57. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9576-2_19.

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Santhanam, P., S. Dinesh Kumar, M. Divya, N. Krishnaveni, and P. Perumal. "Application of Phycoremediation Techniques Toward Nutrients Removal from Wastewaters: Evaluation of Adsorption and Absorption Methods." In Emerging Contaminants and Associated Treatment Technologies, 457–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72441-2_18.

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Chechevatov, A. I., Y. S. Miroshnichenko, T. N. Myasoyedova, Yu V. Popov, and G. E. Yalovega. "Investigations of the Capability to Heavy Metals Adsorption Humic Acids: Correlation Between Structure and Absorption Properties." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 99–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56062-5_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Absorption/adsorption"

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Alvarez Merino, Jose Carlos, and Kazuo Hatakeyama. "Technology surveillance of the solar refrigeration by absorption/adsorption." In 2016 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/picmet.2016.7806767.

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Kusrini, Eny, Maya Lukita, Misri Gozan, Bambang Heru Susanto, Dedy Alharis Nasution, Arif Rahman, and Cindy Gunawan. "Enrichment process of biogas using simultaneous Absorption - Adsorption methods." In RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: Proceedings of the International Tropical Renewable Energy Conference (i-TREC) 2016. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4979244.

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Øi, Lars Erik, Philip Nitsche, and Solomon Aromada. "Comparison of Absorption and Adsorption Processes for CO2 Dehydration." In The First SIMS EUROSIM Conference on Modelling and Simulation, SIMS EUROSIM 2021, and 62nd International Conference of Scandinavian Simulation Society, SIMS 2021, September 21-23, Virtual Conference, Finland. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp21185287.

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Samarina, Tatiana, and Esther Takaluoma. "Ammonia Recovery from Wastewaters by Adsorption with subsequent Transmembrane Chemical Absorption." In The 6th World Congress on New Technologies. Avestia Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icepr20.146.

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Sakamaki, Masako, Hirokazu Takahashi, Takehisa Konishi, Atsuyuki Inoue, and Takashi Fujikawa. "X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy Study of Arsenate Adsorption on Schwertmannite." In X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE - XAFS13: 13th International Conference. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2644498.

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Koenig, Michael S., Gershon Grossman, and Khaled Gommed. "The Role of Surfactant Adsorption Rate in Heat and Mass Transfer Enhancement in Absorption Heat Pumps." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1311.

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Abstract The importance of heat and mass transfer additives in absorption chillers and heat pumps has been recognized for over three decades. However, a universally accepted model for the mechanisms responsible for enhanced absorption rates has yet to be proposed. The Marangoni effect — an instability arising from gradients in surface tension at the liquid-vapor interface — is generally accepted as the cause of the convective flows that enhance transfer rates. Certain surfactant additives can significantly improve absorption rates and thus reduce the overall transfer area required by a given machine. Any means available that can increase the efficiency and acceptability of absorption machines is to be welcomed, as this technology provides an alternative to vapor compression systems which is both environmentally friendly and more versatile with regards to energy sources. This study investigates the rate at which a surfactant additive adsorbs at a liquid-vapor interface. The residence time of the falling liquid solution in an absorber is quite short. An effective additive must not only reduce the surface tension of the solution; it must do so quickly enough to cause the Marangoni instability within the short absorption process time. The entrance region of an absorber features a freshly exposed interface at which no surfactant has adsorbed. A numerical model is used to analyze surfactant relaxation rates in a static film of additive-laced solution. Kinetic parameters for the combination of the working pair LiBr-H2O and the additive 2-ethyl-1-hexanol are derived from data in the literature for static and dynamic surface tension measurements. Bulk, interfacial and boundary parameters influencing relaxation rates are discussed for surfactant adsorption occurring in the absence of absorption, as well as for concurrent adsorption and stable vapor absorption. Initial solution conditions and absorption driving force are shown to impact the potential for instability in the effect they have on the rate of interfacial additive adsorption.
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Joos, Andreas, Karin Dietl, and Gerhard Schmitz. "Thermal Separation: An Approach for a Modelica Library for Absorption, Adsorption and Rectification." In The 7 International Modelica Conference, Como, Italy. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp09430102.

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8

Chen, Pin-Chuan, Hong Wang, Daniel S. Park, Sunggook Park, Dimitris E. Nikitopoulos, Steven A. Soper, and Michael C. Murphy. "Protein Adsorption in a Continuous Flow Microchannel Environment." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68094.

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Protein adsorption is a critical issue in microfluidic devices especially for those reactions depending on proteins like the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Understanding protein absorption phenomena in different geometry microchannels and evaluating the efficiency of dynamic coating, which has been using as a method to prevent protein adsorption, are important tasks. Two different sets of microchannels were designed and fabricated on polymers. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as a model protein for quantification of and monitoring the protein loss in different microchannel geometries. Up to 58% of the BSA was lost after flowing a 2030 mm long microchannel. The BSA adsorption rate changed along the microchannel. Smaller microchannels required a longer time to achieve protein saturation point. Dynamic coating was shown to be a time consuming and inefficient method to prevent protein adsorption in a continuous flow environment.
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Grzebielec, Andrzej, Rafał Laskowski, and Adam Ruciński. "Influence of Outside Temperature on the Operation of the Adsorption Chiller." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.255.

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Adsorption refrigeration systems are characterized by a lower coefficient of performance than the compressor type device or even absorption, but can utilize waste heat at lower temperature. The aim of the study was to determine which external parameter has the greatest impact on the efficiency of the adsorption device. As a result of experimental studies there was found that this is not the temperature of the feed but particularly the temperature of external air. For this reason, it is recommended that the adsorption device should cooperate with evaporative spray coolers, instead of with popular dry coolers. This solution will increase annual efficiency of adsorption unit approx. by 25% and significantly reduce the costs of cold generation.
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Ravel, B., S. D. Kelly, D. Gorman-Lewis, M. I. Boyanov, J. B. Fein, and K. M. Kemner. "A pH-Dependent X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study of U Adsorption to Bacterial Cell Walls." In X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE - XAFS13: 13th International Conference. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2644474.

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Reports on the topic "Absorption/adsorption"

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Rogers, V., K. Nielson, and G. Merrell. Radon generation, adsorption, absorption, and transport in porous media. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6004618.

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Croft, David T., and David K. Friday. Predicting Absorption Equilibria of Mixtures: Comparison of Potential Theory and Ideal Adsorption Solution Theory. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada370837.

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Ward, Donald K., Xiaowang Zhou, Richard A. Karnesky, Robert Kolasinski, Michael E. Foster, Konrad Thurmer, Paul Chao, et al. Understanding H isotope adsorption and absorption of Al-alloys using modeling and experiments (LDRD: #165724). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1222665.

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Litaor, Iggy, James Ippolito, Iris Zohar, and Michael Massey. Phosphorus capture recycling and utilization for sustainable agriculture using Al/organic composite water treatment residuals. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600037.bard.

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Objectives: 1) develop a thorough understanding of the sorption mechanisms of Pi and Po onto the Al/O- WTR; 2) determine the breakthrough range of the composite Al/O-WTR during P capturing from agro- wastewaters; and 3) critically evaluate the performance of the composite Al/O-WTR as a fertilizer using selected plants grown in lysimeters and test-field studies. Instead of lysimeters we used pots (Israel) and one- liter cone-tainers (USA). We conducted one field study but in spite of major pretreatments the soils still exhibited high enough P from previous experiments so no differences between control and P additions were noticeable. Due to time constrains the field study was discontinued. Background: Phosphorous, a non-renewable resource, has been applied extensively in fields to increase crop yield, yet consequently has increased the potential of waterway eutrophication. Our proposal impetus is the need to develop an innovative method of P capturing, recycling and reuse that will sustain agricultural productivity while concurrently reducing the level of P discharge from and to agricultural settings. Major Conclusions & Achievements: An innovative approach was developed for P removal from soil leachate, dairy wastewater (Israel), and swine effluents (USA) using Al-based water treatment residuals (Al- WTR) to create an organic-Al-WTR composite (Al/O-WTR), potentially capable of serving as a P fertilizer source. The Al-WTR removed 95% inorganic-P, 80% to 99.9% organic P, and over 60% dissolved organic carbon from the agro-industrial waste streams. Organic C accumulation on particles surfaces possibly enhanced weak P bonding and facilitated P desorption. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDS), indicated that P was sparsely sorbed on both calcic and Al (hydr)oxide surfaces. Sorption of P onto WW-Al/O-WTR was reversible due to weak Ca-P and Al-P bonds induced by the slight alkaline nature and in the presence of organic moieties. Synchrotron-based microfocused X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy indicated that adsorption was the primary P retention mechanism in the Al- WTR materials. However, distinct apatite- or octocalciumphosphatelike P grains were also observed. Synchrotron micro-XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al-WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K-edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. In screen houses experiments (Israel) we showed that the highest additions of Al/O-WTR (5 and 7 g kg⁻¹) produced the highest lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolial) yield. Lettuce yield and P concentration were similar across treatments, indicating that Al/O- WTR can provide sufficient P to perform similarly to common fertilizers. A greenhouse study (USA) was utilized to compare increasing rates of swine wastewater derived Al/O-WTR and inorganic P fertilizer (both applied at 33.6, 67.3, and 134.5 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) to supply plant-available P to spring wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) in either sandy loam or sandy clay loam soil. Spring wheat straw and grain P uptake were comparable across all treatments in the sandy loam, while Al/O-WTR application to the sandy clay loam reduced straw and grain P uptake. The Al/O-WTR did not affect soil organic P concentrations, but did increase phosphatase activity in both soils; this suggests that Al/O-WTR application stimulated microorganisms and enhance the extent to which microbial communities can mineralize Al/O-WTR-bound organic P. Implications: Overall, results suggest that creating a new P fertilizer from Al-WTR and agro-industrial waste sources may be a feasible alternative to mining inorganic P fertilizer sources, while protecting the environment from unnecessary waste disposal.
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Lahav, Ori, Albert Heber, and David Broday. Elimination of emissions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide from confined animal and feeding operations (CAFO) using an adsorption/liquid-redox process with biological regeneration. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695589.bard.

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The project was originally aimed at investigating and developing new efficient methods for cost effective removal of ammonia (NH₃) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) from Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO), in particular broiler and laying houses (NH₃) and hog houses (H₂S). In both cases, the principal idea was to design and operate a dedicated air collection system that would be used for the treatment of the gases, and that would work independently from the general ventilation system. The advantages envisaged: (1) if collected at a point close to the source of generation, pollutants would arrive at the treatment system at higher concentrations; (2) the air in the vicinity of the animals would be cleaner, a fact that would promote animal growth rates; and (3) collection efficiency would be improved and adverse environmental impact reduced. For practical reasons, the project was divided in two: one effort concentrated on NH₃₍g₎ removal from chicken houses and another on H₂S₍g₎ removal from hog houses. NH₃₍g₎ removal: a novel approach was developed to reduce ammonia emissions from CAFOs in general, and poultry houses in particular. Air sucked by the dedicated air capturing system from close to the litter was shown to have NH₃₍g₎ concentrations an order of magnitude higher than at the vents of the ventilation system. The NH₃₍g₎ rich waste air was conveyed to an acidic (0<pH<~5) bubble column reactor where NH₃ was converted to NH₄⁺. The reactor operated in batch mode, starting at pH 0 and was switched to a new acidic absorption solution just before NH₃₍g₎ breakthrough occurred, at pH ~5. Experiments with a wide range of NH₃₍g₎ concentrations showed that the absorption efficiency was practically 100% throughout the process as long as the face velocity was below 4 cm/s. The potential advantages of the method include high absorption efficiency, lower NH₃₍g₎ concentrations in the vicinity of the birds, generation of a valuable product and the separation between the ventilation and ammonia treatment systems. A small scale pilot operation conducted for 5 weeks in a broiler house showed the approach to be technically feasible. H₂S₍g₎ removal: The main goal of this part was to develop a specific treatment process for minimizing H₂S₍g₎ emissions from hog houses. The proposed process consists of three units: In the 1ˢᵗ H₂S₍g₎ is absorbed into an acidic (pH<2) ferric iron solution and oxidized by Fe(III) to S⁰ in a bubble column reactor. In parallel, Fe(III) is reduced to Fe(II). In the 2ⁿᵈ unit Fe(II) is bio-oxidized back to Fe(III) by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (AF).In the 3ʳᵈ unit S⁰ is separated from solution in a gravity settler. The work focused on three sub-processes: the kinetics of H₂S absorption into a ferric solution at low pH, the kinetics of Fe²⁺ oxidation by AF and the factors that affect ferric iron precipitation (a main obstacle for a continuous operation of the process) under the operational conditions. H₂S removal efficiency was found higher at a higher Fe(III) concentration and also higher for higher H₂S₍g₎ concentrations and lower flow rates of the treated air. The rate limiting step of the H₂S reactive absorption was found to be the chemical reaction rather than the transition from gas to liquid phase. H₂S₍g₎ removal efficiency of >95% was recorded with Fe(III) concentration of 9 g/L using typical AFO air compositions. The 2ⁿᵈ part of the work focused on kinetics of Fe(II) oxidation by AF. A new lab technique was developed for determining the kinetic equation and kinetic parameters (KS, Kₚ and mₘₐₓ) for the bacteria. The 3ʳᵈ part focused on iron oxide precipitation under the operational conditions. It was found that at lower pH (1.5) jarosite accumulation is slower and that the performance of the AF at this pH was sufficient for successive operation of the proposed process at the H₂S fluxes predicted from AFOs. A laboratory-scale test was carried out at Purdue University on the use of the integrated system for simultaneous hydrogen sulfide removal from a H₂S bubble column filled with ferric sulfate solution and biological regeneration of ferric ions in a packed column immobilized with enriched AFbacteria. Results demonstrated the technical feasibility of the integrated system for H₂S removal and simultaneous biological regeneration of Fe(III) for potential continuous treatment of H₂S released from CAFO. NH₃ and H₂S gradient measurements at egg layer and swine barns were conducted in winter and summer at Purdue. Results showed high potential to concentrate NH₃ and H₂S in hog buildings, and NH₃ in layer houses. H₂S emissions from layer houses were too low for a significant gradient. An NH₃ capturing system was designed and tested in a 100-chicken broiler room. Five bell-type collecting devices were installed over the litter to collect NH₃ emissions. While the air extraction system moved only 10% of the total room ventilation airflow rate, the fraction of total ammonia removed was 18%, because of the higher concentration air taken from near the litter. The system demonstrated the potential to reduce emissions from broiler facilities and to concentrate the NH₃ effluent for use in an emission control system. In summary, the project laid a solid foundation for the implementation of both processes, and also resulted in a significant scientific contribution related to AF kinetic studies and ferrous analytical measurements.
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