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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Absorption enhancers

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Academic literature on the topic 'Absorption enhancers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Absorption enhancers"

1

Maher, Casettari, and Illum. "Transmucosal Absorption Enhancers in the Drug Delivery Field." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 7 (July 15, 2019): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11070339.

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Drug delivery systems that safely and consistently improve transport of poorly absorbed compounds across epithelial barriers are highly sought within the drug delivery field. The use of chemical permeation enhancers is one of the simplest and widely tested approaches to improve transmucosal permeability via oral, nasal, buccal, ocular and pulmonary routes. To date, only a small number of permeation enhancers have progressed to clinical trials, and only one product that includes a permeation enhancer has reached the pharmaceutical market. This editorial is an introduction to the special issue entitled Transmucosal Absorption Enhancers in the Drug Delivery Field (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/pharmaceutics/special_issues/transmucosal_absorption_enhancers). The guest editors outline the scope of the issue, reflect on the results and the conclusions of the 19 articles published in the issue and provide an outlook on the use of permeation enhancers in the drug delivery field.

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Steyn, Dewald, Lissinda Hester Du Plessis, and Awie Kotze. "Nasal Delivery of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone: In Vivo Evaluation with Pheroid™ Technology and N-Trimethyl Chitosan Chloride." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 2 (August 7, 2010): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3cs3f.

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Purpose. It was the aim of this study to investigate the possible enhancement of the absorption of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in the nasal cavity, in the presence of a polymeric absorption enhancer, N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) and a fatty acid-based delivery system, Pheroid™. Methods. Two types of Pheroid™ formulations, Pheroid™ vesicles and Pheroid™ microsponges were characterized and evaluated with regard to particle size and morphology. In vivo bioavailability studies in rats were performed and the nasal bioavailability of Pheroid™ vesicles and Pheroid ™microsponges were compared relative to subcutaneous administration. The results were also compared with different N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) formulations, TMC H-L and TMC H-H, well studied absorption enhancers. Results. Pheroid™ vesicles and Pheroid™ microsponges showed a size distribution of approxiamately 2-3 µm and 3-4 µm for Pheroid™ vesicles and Pheroid™ microsponges respectively. Using specific RIA, the relative bioavailability of rhGH after comparison with subcutaneous injection was determined to be 38.9, 128.5, 39.9, 136.3, and 8.3 % for Pheroid™ microsponges, Pheroid™ vesicles, TMC H-H, TMC H-L and control group (intranasal rhGH alone), respectively. All the enhancers showed significant absorption enhancement (P < 0.05) with the highest effect observed with TMC H-L. Conclusion. All the enhancers may have promising potential as safe and effective nasal absorption enhancers of rhGH.

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Carpentieri-Rodrigues, Letícia Norma, Juliana Modolo Zanluchi, and Ivanna Hinke Grebogi. "Percutaneous absorption enhancers: mechanisms and potential." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 50, no. 6 (November 2007): 949–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132007000700006.

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Transdermal applications of drugs present many advantages in terms of absorption, however this is not easily obtained through the transdermal route. The principle barrier is the stratum corneum and one of the strategies that have been found to promote cutaneous drug penetration is through the use of absorption enhancers. Many substances have been identified as absorption enhancers. Although the list of substances that promote absorption is growing, in most cases, there is a direct correlation between the effects of absorption enhancers and their skin toxicity. The use of these substances depends therefore on studies which focus on local and systemic toxicity, as well as action mechanisms.

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Aungst, Bruce J. "Absorption Enhancers: Applications and Advances." AAPS Journal 14, no. 1 (November 22, 2011): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12248-011-9307-4.

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Davis, Stanley S., and Lisbeth Illum. "Absorption Enhancers for Nasal Drug Delivery." Clinical Pharmacokinetics 42, no. 13 (2003): 1107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003088-200342130-00003.

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de Boer, A. G., E. J. van Hoogdalem, and D. D. Breimer. "Improvement of drug absorption through enhancers." European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 15, no. 2 (April 1990): 155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03190198.

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Hussain, Alamdar, John J. Arnold, Mansoor A. Khan, and Fakhrul Ahsan. "Absorption enhancers in pulmonary protein delivery." Journal of Controlled Release 94, no. 1 (January 2004): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2003.10.001.

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Patil, Nilam H., and Padma V. Devarajan. "Enhanced insulin absorption from sublingual microemulsions: effect of permeation enhancers." Drug Delivery and Translational Research 4, no. 5-6 (October 29, 2014): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13346-014-0205-z.

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Shah, Pranav, Viral Jogani, Pushpa Mishra, Anil Kumar Mishra, Tamishraha Bagchi, and Ambikanandan Misra. "Modulation of Ganciclovir Intestinal Absorption in Presence of Absorption Enhancers." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 96, no. 10 (October 2007): 2710–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.20888.

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Chavanpatil, Mahesh D., and Pradeep R. Vavia. "The influence of absorption enhancers on nasal absorption of acyclovir." European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 57, no. 3 (May 2004): 483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2004.01.001.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Absorption enhancers"

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Williams, Daffydd Griffin. "Mechanism of action of penetration enhancers." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320625.

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Day, S. "Studies on the interfacial activities of some drug absorption enhancers." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233881.

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Pritchard, Kelly. "The effects of some absorption enhancers on the mucociliary clearance mechanism." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289838.

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Tippin, Timothy Kent Thakker Dhiren R. "Novel approaches to assess the efficacy and toxicity of intestinal absorption enhancers." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,691.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Pharmacy." Discipline: Pharmacy; Department/School: Pharmacy.

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Steenekamp, Willem. "The transdermal absorption of 5-Fluorouracil in the presence and absence of terpenes / Wilma Steenekamp." Thesis, North-West University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/234.

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The skin is an amazingly resilient and relatively impermeable barrier that provides protective, perceptive and communication functions to the body (Ramachandran & Fleisher, 2000). The stratum corneum is widely accepted as the barrier of the skin - limiting the transport of molecules into and across the skin. One of the bottlenecks in the successful development of transdermal drug delivery devices is the fact that the skin (more accurately, the stratum corneum - SC) tends to control the rate of drug transport. This makes it very difficult to influence or regulate the transdermal drug absorption kinetics from outside, Le. by means of the vehicle. A possible, and even elegant, solution may be the use of so-called "penetration enhancers", thereby suppressing the dominant role of the stratum corneum penetration barrier (Bodde et al., 1990). For this study 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a polar hydrophilic drug, was chosen as model drug to study its penetration through the stratum corneum. Terpenes used as possible penetration enhancers for 5-FU were menthol, isomenthol, menthone, l3-myrcene, limonene and 1,8-cineole. In previous studies, terpenes with low skin irritancy and low systemic toxicity, were found to be effective penetration enhancers for a number of hydrophilic and lipophillic drugs (Cornwell & Barry, 1994; Cornwell et a/., 1996; Godwin & Michniak, 1999). The objective of this study was to determine the different flux rates of 5-FU in the absence of any pre-treatment of the stratum corneum and also through ethanol and selected terpene pre-treated SC. The effect of each terpene on the penetration of 5-FU was determined. The penetration of the selected terpenes themselves through the human stratum corneum was also determined in vitro permeation studies were performed using vertical Franz diffusion cells with human skin (stratum corneum). A saturated aqueous solution of 5-fluorouracil in the absence and presence of pre-treatment of the SC was used as the donor phase. Pre-treatment was performed by applying a 5 % terpene solution or absolute ethanol to the SC half an hour before the saturated III solution was applied in the donor compartment. A 50/50 ethanol/water solution was used as the receptor phase. All the experiments were conducted over a 24 h period. The 37°C temperature was held constant by means of a water bath. For the analysis of 5-FU flux rates, samples from the receptor compartment were obtained and were analysed by means of high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). In order to determine the cumulative percentage of terpenes penetrated through human stratum corneum, the samples were analysed by gas chromatography (GC). In this study, only menthol and isomenthol (both oxygen-containing terpenes) showed a statistically significant increase on the flux of 5-FU, with flux values of 1.13 +- 0.38 and 1.45 +- 0.68 ug/cm2/h, respectively, compared to untreated skin with a flux value of 0.54 +- 0.23 ug/cm2/h for 5-FU. It was also proved that ethanol itself had an enhancing effect on 5-FU and showed synergistic effects on the enhancement activities of all the terpenes. It was found that all the terpenes (applied as a 5 % solution in ethanol) penetrated through the stratum corneum in the absence of 5-fluorouracil. 5-Fluorouracil had either an increasing or decreasing effect on the penetration of the terpenes. From these findings, it could be concluded that oxygen-containing terpenes had the best penetration enhancing effect on 5-FU and that menthol and isomenthol were the most effective penetration enhancers, although the extend of penetration enhancement is not large enough for clinical application. All the terpenes have the ability to penetrate through human stratum corneum, and 5-FU either had an increasing or decreasing effect on their penetration.
Thesis (M.Sc.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

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Pretorius, Mariska Heleen. "Percutaneous delivery of methotrexate in the absence and presence of natural permeation enhancers / Mariska H. Pretorius." Thesis, North-West University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/164.

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The transdermal delivery of drugs has a lot of advantages above other routes of delivery, such as the avoidance of first-pass hepatic and intestinal metabolism, the non-invasive infusion of drugs, etc. However, the transdermal delivery of drugs, especially hydrophilic drugs, is limited due to the lipophilic nature of the stratum corneum. Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist with antineoplastic activity and is used for the treatment of psoriasis and Kaposi's sarcoma. The permeation of methotrexate through the skin for systemic use is however limited due to its high molecular weight, the fact that it is mainty dissociated at physiological pH and its hydrophilic nature (Alvarez-Figueroa et al.. 2001). Thus the aim of my study was to enhance the permeation of methotrexate with the use of terpene. Terpenes are lipophilic in nature and have Log P values of around 2-4 (Godwin & Michniak, 1999). These characteristics make them excellent candidates as penetration enhancers. Terpenes are not only used for penetration enhancers, but in a huge number of other products, such as aromatherapeutic oils. For this reason the permeation of the terpenes through human skin and the effect of methotrexate on this permeation were also determined. The following enhancers were used in this study: menthol, menthone. isomenthol, limonene, B-myrcene, a-pinene and 1,8-cineole Five different sets of experiments were done in this study: a) a control experiment with methotrexate in the absence of the terpenes without ethanol; b) a control experiment with methotrexate in the absence of the terpenes with ethanol: c) experiments with methotrexate in the presence of the terpenes; d) control experiments with the terpenes in the absence of methotrexate and e) experiments with tile terpenes in the presence of methotrexate. For this study only human female abdominal skin was used. A saturated solution of methotrexate in water:propylene glycol (50:50) with a pH between 4 and 5 (Vaidyanathan et al., 1985) was used as the model drug and the receptor phase was PBS-buffer (pH=74) and water:ethanol (50:50) for HPLC and GC analysis respectively. The dilfusion apparatus used consisted of Vertical Franz diffusion cells with a capacity of 2 ml and a diffusion area of 1.075 cm2. The cells were placed in a water bath (+- 37 "C) on magnetic stirrers for the duration of the experiment. After the receptor phase was placed in the receptor compartment the cells were equilibrated for an hour before putting 25 ul of a 5% terpene solution in absolute ethanol on the skin in the donor compartment. This was left for half and hour to allow evaporation of the ethanol. The saturated solution of the methotrexate was now placed on the skin in the donor compartment. The experiments for methotrexate stretched over a period of 12 hours and samples were collected every 2 hours. The terpene experiments were performed over a 24-hour period and samples were taken at 2,4,6,12 and 24 hours. The concentration methotrexate permeated was determined by using HPLC-analysis and terpenes by using GC-analysis. The flux (ug/cm2/h), kp(cm/h), lag time (h) and enhancement ratio were calculated to compare the methotrexate permeation in the control and actual experiments. The results showed that a-pinene, B-myrcene and isomenthol enhanced the permeation of methotrexate most, although all the terpenes had an enhancing effect. They produced a 4- fold increase in the flux values of methotrexate. Due to the fact that the terpene experiments were only a semi-quantitative evaluation only the percentage terpenes that permeated was calculated. The experiments were done on all the terpenes except apinene. All the terpenes permeated the skin with menthol having the highest permeation. The results also showed that methotrexate did have an effect on the terpene permeation. Menthone and menthol's permeation was higher in the presence of methotrexate, while the other terpenes had a higher permeation in the absence of methotrexate. The reason for this is not clear. In conclusion, the study revealed that the enhancers used did have an enhancing effect on methotrexate permeation. This could be due to the extraction or disruption of lipids by the terpenes (Zhoa & Singh, 2000) or an increase in diffusivity and partitioning. The terpene experiments also showed that the terpenes do permeate the skin and that methotrexate does have an effect on this permeation.
Thesis (M.Sc.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

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Burch, Charmita P. "The extent of perturbation of skin models by transdermal penetration enhancers investigated by ³¹P NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04252007-133030/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from thesis title screen. Author's name from thesis title screen. Jerry C. Smith, committee chair; Kathryn Grant, Stuart Allison, committee members. Electronic text (148 p. : ill. (some col.)) : digital PDF file. Description based on contents viewed October 5, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-148).

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De, Bruyn Tanile. "Nasal delivery of insulin with Pheroid technology / Tanile de Bruyn." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/730.

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Approximately 350 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes mellitus (DM) and this number increases yearly. Since the discovery and clinical application of insulin in 1921, subcutaneous injections have been the standard treatment for DM. Because insulin is hydrophilic and has a high molecular weight and low bioavailability, this molecule is poorly absorbed if administered orally. The aim of this study is to evaluate nasal delivery systems for insulin, using Sprague Dawley rats as the nasal absorption model. Pheroid technology and N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) with different dosages of insulin (4, 8 and 12 IU/kg bodyweight insulin) was administered in the left nostril of the rat by using a micropipette. Pheroid technology is a patented (North-West University) carrier system consisting of a unique oil/water emulsion that actively transports drug actives through various physiological barriers. These formulations were administered nasally to rats in a volume of 100 p/kg bodyweight in different types of Pheroids (vesicles, with a size of 1.7 1 - 1.94 pm and microsponges, with a size of 5.7 1 - 8.25 pm). The systemic absorption of insulin was monitored by measuring arterial blood glucose levels over a period of 3 hours. The TMC formulation with 4 IU/kg insulin produced clinically relevant levels of insulin in the blood and as a result also the maximal hypoglycaemic effect. TMC is a quaternary derivative of chitosan and is able to enhance the absorption of various peptide drugs by opening tight junctions between epithelial cells. Pheroid formulations were also effective in lowering blood glucose levels but only at higher doses (8 and 12 IU/kg) of insulin. This study indicated that Pheroid rnicrosponges had a faster onset of action and a slightly better absorption of insulin when compared to Pheroid vesicles, but many more studies are needed in this field. Although the results of this study with absorption enhancers are encouraging, nasal insulin bioavailability is still very low, and the Pheroid formulations and long-term safety of nasal insulin therapy have yet to be investigated.
Thesis (M.Sc. (Pharmaceutics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

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Fiedler, Sven E. "Incoherent broad band cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97431966X.

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Higgins, Kieran. "Quantum technologies for enhanced sensing and light absorption." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f21e691a-f83e-4c9f-bc51-d94c4703e16e.

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The counterintuitive properties of quantum mechanics have the potential to produce revolutionary new technology. The applications of these devices are both vital and diverse: the efficient generation of energy from light, sensing and measuring with exquisite precision, and information processing with unparalleled speed. In this thesis, I use the theory of open quantum systems to investigate quantum technologies for enhanced sensing and light absorption. In the first research chapter, we develop a new method for describing qubit dynamics in the Rabi model. We obtain a new expression for the ac Stark shift, which enables practical and precise qubit thermometry of an oscillator. In the second research chapter, we demonstrate that it is possible to invert the phenomenon of Dicke Superradiance using nanostructures and quantum control. This creates the possibility of a new class of quantum light absorption technologies with a super-linear scaling in the absorption rate. In the final research chapter, we investigate another means of enhancing light absorption. We show that phonon assisted transitions to ratchet states in rings allow absorbed excitions to be protected from reemission.

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Books on the topic "Absorption enhancers"

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Day, Stephen. Studies on the interfacial activities of some drug absorption enhancers. Leicester: Leicester Polytechnic, 1988.

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Evanson, Ian Edward John. Removal of volatile organic compounds by absorption with catalytic enhanced chemical reaction. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1999.

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V, Garimella S., and American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Heat Transfer Division., eds. Enhanced cooling techniques for electronics applications: Presented at the 1993 ASME Winter Annual Meeting, New Orleans, Louisiana, November 28-December 3, 1993. New York, N.Y: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993.

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Dixon, Michael. Cardiovascular disease: Potentiated magnesium and the true fountain of youth : enhanced magnesium absorption and utilization, its role in the prevention and reversal of atherosclerosis, and its link to the aging process through balanced moderation. Costa Mesa, CA: BodySense Publications, 2000.

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W, Smith Eric, and Maibach Howard I, eds. Percutaneous penetration enhancers. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1995.

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(Editor), Eric Wane Smith, and Howard I. Maibach (Editor), eds. Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers, Second Edition. 2nd ed. CRC, 2005.

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Transmucosal Absorption Enhancers in the Drug Delivery Field. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03921-849-3.

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Kodali, Anil K., and Rohit Bhargava. Nanostructured probes to enhance optical and vibrational spectroscopic imaging for biomedical applications. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533060.013.15.

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This article describes the use of nanostructured probes to enhance optical and vibrational spectroscopic imaging for biomedical applications. Engineered probes and surfaces are promising tools for enhancing signals for ultrasensitive detection of diseases like carcinoma. Two methods of interest are surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for IR and Raman modalities, respectively. SERS and SEIRA can be broadly categorized under a common modality termed surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy. This article first reviews various breakthrough findings reported in SERS and SEIRA, along with different types ofsubstrates and contrast agents used in realizing the enhancement and theories proposed to explain these findings. It then considers the configurations of nano-LAMPs and presents example results demonstrating their optical resonances and tunability. Finally, it evaluates a few techniques for fabricating multilayered nanoparticles and highlights some issues with respect to fabrication.

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Nutt, David J., and Liam J. Nestor. Drug pharmacokinetics and abuse liability. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198797746.003.0005.

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Pharmacokinetics refers to the effect of the body on drugs. Pharmacokinetics is divided into several areas including the extent and rate of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of substances. The rapid delivery of drugs like cocaine and nicotine, for example, enhances their effects in reward brain circuitry, and the rate at which the body can metabolize a substance may also make it more reinforcing. Pharmacokinetics, therefore, plays an important role in substance abuse and addiction and its treatment.

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John P, Pace. The United Nations Commission on Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198863151.001.0001.

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This book provides the most complete account to date of the UN human rights programme, both in substance and in chronological breadth. The author worked at the heart of this programme for over thirty years, including as the Secretary of the Commission on Human Rights, and Coordinator of the World Conference on Human Rights, which took place in Vienna in 1993. The book traces the issues taken up by the Commission after its launch in 1946, and the methods undertaken to enhance absorption and domestication of international human rights standards. It lays out the special procedures carried out by the United Nations, and the emergence of international human rights law. It then turns to the establishment of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the mainstreaming of human rights across the UN system, eventually leading to the establishment of the Human Rights Council to replace the Commission in 2006. Many of the problems we face today, including conflict, poverty and environmental issues, have their roots in human rights problems. This book identifies what has been done at the international level in the past, and points towards what still needs to be done for the future.

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Book chapters on the topic "Absorption enhancers"

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Junginger, Hans E. "Excipients as Absorption Enhancers." In Biopharmaceutics Applications in Drug Development, 139–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72379-2_6.

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Loth, Helmut. "Percutaneous Absorption and Conventional Penetration Enhancers." In Liposome Dermatics, 3–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48391-2_1.

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Kuswahyuning, Rina, Jeffrey E. Grice, Hamid R. Moghimi, and Michael S. Roberts. "Formulation Effects in Percutaneous Absorption." In Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Chemical Methods in Penetration Enhancement, 109–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45013-0_9.

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Selzer, Dominik, Ulrich F. Schaefer, Claus-Michael Lehr, and Steffi Hansen. "Basic Mathematics in Skin Absorption." In Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Drug Penetration Into/Through the Skin, 3–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53270-6_1.

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Fang, Liang, and Yang Chen. "Application of Biomaterials in Percutaneous Absorption Enhancement." In Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Chemical Methods in Penetration Enhancement, 363–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47039-8_23.

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Levin, Jacquelyn, and Howard I. Maibach. "The Correlation Between Transepidermal Water Loss and Percutaneous Absorption." In Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Chemical Methods in Penetration Enhancement, 55–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45013-0_6.

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Grice, Jeffrey E., Hamid R. Moghimi, Elizabeth Ryan, Qian Zhang, Isha Haridass, Yousuf Mohammed, and Michael S. Roberts. "Non-formulation Parameters That Affect Penetrant-Skin-Vehicle Interactions and Percutaneous Absorption." In Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Drug Penetration Into/Through the Skin, 45–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53270-6_4.

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Lee, Vincent H. L. "Enzymatic Barriers to Peptide and Protein Absorption and the Use of Penetration Enhancers to Modify Absorption." In Delivery Systems for Peptide Drugs, 87–104. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9960-6_7.

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Chittenden, Jason T., and Jim E. Riviere. "The Effects of Vehicle Mixtures on Transdermal Absorption: Thermodynamics, Mechanisms, Assessment, and Prediction." In Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Drug Penetration Into/Through the Skin, 95–117. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53270-6_6.

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Bucks, Daniel, and Howard I. Maibach. "Occlusion Does Not Uniformly Enhance Penetration In Vivo." In Percutaneous Absorption, 219–36. 5th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429202971-15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Absorption enhancers"

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Lou, Minhan, Hua Bao, and Changying Zhao. "Light Trapping in Semiconductor Thin Film With Disordered Nanoholes." In ASME 2013 4th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2013-22175.

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Finite-difference time-domain method is employed to investigate the optical properties of a semiconductor thin film patterned with circular holes. The presence of hole arrays, although reduces the amount of material usage, can greatly enhance the integrated absorption of the thin film. The optimal square hole lattice can enhance the integrated absorption by a factor of 5.6 over a bare thin film. It is also found that disorderness, including non-uniform radius and random position, can further enhance the absorption efficiency and broaden the absorption spectra. The effects of random position and non-uniform radius are found to be quite different: while absorption spectrum for thin film containing randomly positioned holes is almost broadband, the non-uniform hole radius only slightly broadens the absorption peaks of the periodic structures. The absorption enhancement in the disordered structure is attributed to the increased number of guided resonances in the structure. We also show that with carefully designed hole pattern the overall absorption can be further enhanced.

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2

Taguchi, Takeyoshi. "REX2000 Version 2.5: Improved DATA Handling and Enhanced User-Interface." In X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE - XAFS13: 13th International Conference. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2644462.

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3

Field, Robert A. "Enhanced absorption diagnostic coatings." In SPIE's 1994 International Symposium on Optics, Imaging, and Instrumentation, edited by James D. Rancourt. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.185785.

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4

Tay, Li-Lin, John Hulse, Shawn Poirier, Ali Ghaemi, and Sarah Milliken. "Multilayered Au nanorod arrays for surface enhanced Raman and infrared absorption spectroscopies." In Enhanced Spectroscopies and Nanoimaging 2020, edited by Prabhat Verma and Yung Doug Suh. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2575028.

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5

Myers, Philip D., D. Yogi Goswami, and Elias Stefanakos. "Molten Salt Spectroscopy for Quantification of Radiative Absorption in Novel Metal Chloride-Enhanced Thermal Storage Media." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-40157.

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This study describes the development and characterization of novel high-temperature thermal storage media, based on inclusion of transition metal chlorides in the potassium-sodium chloride eutectic system, (K-Na)Cl (melting temperature of 657°C, latent heat of 278 J/g). At the melting temperature of (K-Na)Cl, infrared (IR) radiation can play a major role in the overall heat transfer process — 90 percent of spectral blackbody radiation falls in the range of 2 to 13 μm. The authors propose inclusion of small amounts (less than 0.2 wt %) of IR-active transition metal chlorides to increase radiative absorption and thereby enhance heat transfer rates. A new IR reflectance apparatus was developed to allow for determination of the spectral absorption coefficient of the newly formulated PCMs in the molten state. The apparatus consisted of an alumina crucible coated at the bottom with a reflective (platinum) or absorptive (graphite) surface, a heated ceramic crucible-holder, and a combination of zinc sulfide (ZnS) and zinc selenide (ZnSe) windows for containment of the salt and allowance of inert purge gas flow. Using this apparatus, IR spectra were obtained for various transition metal chloride additives in (K-Na)Cl, and improved infrared activity and radiative transfer properties were quantified. Further, thermophysical properties relevant to thermal energy storage (i.e., melting temperature, latent heat) are measured for the pure and additive-enhanced thermal storage medium.

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6

Ishikawa, Atsushi, and Takuo Tanaka. "Metamaterial-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy." In JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2014.20a_c3_4.

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7

Lee, Hwang, and Jonathan P. Dowling. "Entanglement enhanced two-photon absorption." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2003.maa4.

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8

Liu, Yunshan, and Ebrahim Al Hajri. "Mass and Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Single-High Aspect Ratio Microchannel Absorber." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89787.

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Recently, study on a microscale-based absorption refrigeration system has sprung up motivated by the need of efficient energy utilization. Heat-driven absorption systems offer a possibility of generating both power and cooling with environment friendly refrigerants, such as ammonia/water and LiBr/water. However, these systems are often large in size and low in COP especially in single stage absorption systems. These characteristics of absorptions systems make them unattractive in most cases. This work introduces the utilization of micro-channel enhanced surfaces as heat exchangers to enhance the component and system performance, to reduce the system size and to reduce the cost of the system as well. In this work, a new concept of enhancing heat and mass transfer processes is applied in the absorber part of the absorption cycle by using a single micro-channel. Due to its merit of high area to volume ratio, microchannel technology has been well theoretically validated to be a very effective and potential choice for enhancing heat transfer performance. But there is a lack of research work on the mass transfer performance in micro-channels. This work investigated simultaneous mass and heat transfer characteristics of a novel microchannel absorber that uses LiBr/water as the working fluid. A microchannel with hydraulic diameter of 0.7mm is employed in this characterization study. Velocity distribution, pressure drop, concentration and temperature profile inside the microchannel as well as effects of the inlet absorbent concentration, flow rate and temperature together with the refrigerant flow rate on the heat/mass transfer are predicted. Investigations on the optimum inlet angle design of a single channel absorber are also presented in the end of this work. Feasibility of this novel absorber design was proved via this numerical simulation as the mass transfer taking place inside the mixing channel was observed to achieve the identical performance but with a size reduction by 1/27 compared to a conventional falling film absorber. A 7 times enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient was also achieved with the comparison of a macro-scale based absorber configuration.

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Sul, Hea Youn, Jung-Yeul Jung, and Yong Tae Kang. "Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of Binary Nanoemulsions (O/S)." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22556.

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Binary nanoemulsions, nano-sized oil-droplet suspensions in binary solution (H2O/LiBr), are developed to enhance the heat and mass transfer performance of absorption refrigeration systems. In this study, a novel four-step method is proposed to prepare the stable oil-in-binary solution (O/S) emulsion. To stabilize the nanoemulsions in a strong electrolyte, a polymeric stabilizer (Gum Arabic) is used as a steric stabilizer. The droplet size and the thermal conductivity of binary nanoemulsions are measured by the dynamic light scattering method and the transient hot-wire method, respectively. It is concluded that the ratio of 2:1 (oil:surfactant) is the best condition for distribution stability. It is also found that the measured thermal conductivity of the oil-in-water nanoemulsion enhances up to 6.4% at 0.1 vol% of oil, and the binary nanoemulsion enhances up to 3.6% at 1.0 vol% of oil in 30 wt% H2O/LiBr compared with the estimated one from the Maxwell’s model. This result is compared with electric conductivity of LiBr solution and it is found both conductivities have similar trend. It is finally proposed that the thermal conductivity of the binary nanoemulsion could be enhanced by adding nano-sized droplets of n-decane oil, which has a lower thermal conductivity than that of the base fluid.

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Jahromi, Ali K., and Ayman F. Abouraddy. "Greatly Enhanced Absorption in Weakly-Doped Fibers through Coherent Perfect Absorption." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2017.ftu5a.5.

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Reports on the topic "Absorption enhancers"

1

Grossman, G., and M. Wilk. Enhanced absorption cycle computer model. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10191717.

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2

Liang Hu. CARBON DIOXIDE SEPARATION BY PHASE ENHANCED GAS-LIQUID ABSORPTION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/890991.

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3

Liang Hu and Adeyinka A. Adeyiga. CARBON DIOXIDE SEPARATION BY PHASE ENHANCED GAS-LIQUID ABSORPTION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/825592.

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Kiehl, J. Sensitivity of the CCM climate to enhanced cloud absorption. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/232597.

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Liang Hu. Carbon Dioxide Separation from Flue Gas by Phase Enhanced Absorption. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/901079.

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6

Sheps, Leonid, and David Chandler. Time-resolved broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy for chemical kinetics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1095949.

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7

Dhali, S. K. Corona enhanced absorption of SO sub 2 /NO sub x. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6322589.

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Liang Hu, Jr Victor Roberts, and Monica J. Wood. Carbon Dioxide Separation from Flue Gas By Phase Enhanced Absorption. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861526.

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Tim Fout. Carbon Dioxide Separation from Flue Gas by Phase Enhanced Absorption. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/945929.

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Atwater, Harry. Solar Cells from Earth-Abundant Semiconductors with Plasmon-Enhanced Light Absorption. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1131343.

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