Books on the topic 'Abstract convex space'

This chapter introduces the geometric preliminaries needed to analyze generalized Kimura diffusions, with particular emphasis on Wright–Fisher geometry. It begins with a discussion of the natural domains of definition for generalized Kimura diffusions: polyhedra in Euclidean space or, more generally, abstract manifolds with corners. Amongst the convex polyhedra, the chapter distinguishes the subclass of regular convex polyhedra P. P is a regular convex polyhedron if it is convex and if near any corner, P is the intersection of no more than N half-spaces with corresponding normal vectors that are linearly independent. These definitions establish that any regular convex polyhedron is a manifold with corners. The chapter concludes by defining the general class of elliptic Kimura operators on a manifold with corners P and shows that there is a local normal form for any operator L in this class.

Abstract This book is an example of applying the feminist perspective in philosophy, ethics, and bioethics to the consideration of future human space missions. Feminism is a thought perspective that is rarely present in the reflection on space and space missions. This book focuses on bioethical issues that may arise in future long-term and long-distance space missions. The issues are primarily human enhancement and human reproduction in space. Applying the perspective of feminist bioethics makes it possible to see potential risks that are not usually raised by nonfeminist bioethics. The book points out the consequences of space missions for traditionally marginalized and excluded groups, such as women, nonwhites, people with disabilities, indigenous people, and the sexually nonbinary. In a manner appropriate to feminism, the book discusses ethical and bioethical issues using such explanatory categories as sex and gender, power, oppression, discrimination, domination, and exclusion. The book offers a broad perspective, going beyond bioethical issues to a wider context that includes the global situation in the world. The book offers an intersectional perspective, highlighting the dangers and risks of overlapping different types of oppression and discrimination. While most attention is given to the situation of women and their potential oppression in space, particularly in the context of their reproductive rights, considerable attention is given to other excluded groups, including the disabled. The book aims to sensitize us to the need to recognize in our activities the risks of inequality and exclusion that may be replicated in space.

This abstract booklet includes the abstracts of the papers that have been presented at International Conference on Mathematics and its Applications in Science and Engineering (ICMASE 2020) which is held in Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University, Ankara, Turkey between 9-10 July, 2020, via Online because of Covid 19 pandemia. The aim of this conference is to exchange ideas, discuss developments in mathematics, develop collaborations and interact with professionals and researchers from all over the world in with some of the following interesting topics: Functional Analysis, Approximation Theory, Real Analysis, Complex Analysis, Harmonic and non-Harmonic Analysis, Applied Analysis, Numerical Analysis, Geometry, Topology and Algebra, Modern Methods in Summability and Approximation, Operator Theory, Fixed Point Theory and Applications, Sequence Spaces and Matrix Transformation, Modern Methods in Summability and Approximation, Spectral Theory and Diferantial Operators, Boundary Value Problems, Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations, Discontinuous Differential Equations, Convex Analysis and its Applications, Optimization and its Application, Mathematics Education, Application on Variable Exponent Lebesgue Spaces, Applications on Differential Equations and Partial Differential Equations, Fourier Analysis, Wavelet and Harmonic Analysis Methods in Function Spaces, Applications on Computer Engineering, Flow Dynamics. However, the talks are not restricted to these subjects only. I am pleased to tell that this conference is also organized as a final multiplier event of the Rules_Math Project, supported by the EU.

Abstract Motion is always relative to something. Is this thing a concrete body like the earth, is it an abstract space, or is it an imagined frame? Do the laws of physics depend on the choice of reference? Is there a choice for which the laws are simplest? Is this choice unique? Is there a physical cause for the choice made? These questions traverse the history of modern physics from Galileo to Einstein. The answers involved Galilean relativity, Newton’s absolute space, the purely relational concepts of Descartes, Leibniz, and Mach, and many forgotten uses of relativity principles in mechanics, optics, and electrodynamics―until the relativity theories of Poincaré, Einstein, Minkowski, and Laue radically redefined space and time to satisfy universal kinds of relativity. Accordingly, this book retraces the emergence of relativity principles in early modern mechanics, documents their constructive use in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century mechanics, optics, and electrodynamics, and gives a well-rooted account of the genesis of special and general relativity in the early twentieth century. As an exercise in long-term history, it demonstrates the connectivity of issues and approaches across several centuries, despite enormous changes in context and culture. As an account of the genesis of relativity theories, it brings unprecedented clarity and fullness by broadening the spectrum of resources on which the principal actors drew.

Chapter 1, “Out of Context,” in A New Narrative for Psychology, argues that one of the main consequences of the overreliance on variable-centered methods is a misinterpretation of the nature of psychological processes. Although variable-centered research seems to argue that we can understand the process outside of the person and outside of the social world as an abstract entity, this is not really possible. Psychological processes are aspects of subjective experience that have meanings specific to a person who is situated in a definite time and space. The chapter reviews the debate on the stability of personality traits over time and argues that it makes no sense to ask if personality changes or stays the same. Personality doesn’t do anything, but variables are characterized as if they have a life of their own. Outside of the context of the person, one misunderstands what personality is and means.

Abstract Amid its groundbreaking political reforms and the “largest mass migration ever seen in human history,” China created over 3,800 new towns to accommodate its burgeoning urban population and sustain economic growth. Economic marketization, global trade, intercity competition, and the exponentially growing real estate industry have driven tremendous investment in infrastructure and large-scale developments, stimulating continuous urban expansion. Surpassing any urbanization initiatives in history, contemporary Chinese new towns emerged as the national campaign to reimagine Chinese cities while reshaping the global geo-economic landscape. Constructing Utopias examines four decades of Chinese urbanization through the lenses of urbanism and utopianism. After exploring the theoretical foundations and historical precedents of new town development, the book delves into a series of “model new towns” that showcase innovative planning, design, technologies, policies, and China’s broader vision for a modern urban nation. Case studies of the Suzhou Industrial Park, One City, and Nine Towns in Shanghai, prototypical eco-cities, and the notorious “ghost towns” form the core of this book, highlighting fundamental issues in urbanization, including economic vitality, cultural identity, environmental sustainability, and socio-spatial dynamics. The author scrutinizes these new towns not only as grand visions of governments, planners, and developers but also as physical spaces embodying the struggles and aspirations of residents and migrant workers. By examining both the successes and failures of Chinese new town planning and development, this book illuminates the complex interplay between space production and social transformation within the context of neoliberalism and globalization.

Abstract Storytelling in Motion: Cinematic Choreography and the Film Musical demonstrates how figure movement can serve as a versatile strategy of meaning-making, particularly when filmmakers attend to the relationship between choreographed movement and film style. Using Franco-American film musicals as its main examples, this book analyzes the narrative and stylistic impact of figure movement in cinema and the subtle power of cinematic choreography, those moments when filmmakers deliberately combine the strengths of film style and organized figure movement to convey narrative meaning through motion. Integrating vocabularies and analytical systems from Laban/Bartenieff Movement Studies, film studies, and related fields to parse cinematic figure movement on multiple formal levels, this book uses performative research methods from videographic criticism to show the poetic and oblique connections between films through videographic as well as written chapters. Storytelling in Motion centers the crucial material conditions needed to make figure movement a significant component of narrative filmmaking: time, money, rehearsal space, industrial support, and performers and crew with the necessary embodied and institutional knowledge. The films discussed tell a clear story of how cinematic choreography was used by transnational filmmaking teams to innovate storytelling through figure movement, inspired by their predecessors’ aesthetics while working within differing industrial conditions.

Abstract This book shows that early twentieth-century Chinese writers drew upon Russian texts about the socially downtrodden to describe poverty, in a bid to enrich Chinese culture by creating a syncretic new realism. Modern Chinese realist writers turned to the topic of material poverty—peasants suffering from famine, exploited urban laborers, homeless orphans—to convey their sense of textual poverty and national backwardness. The combination of a radically new subject matter and experimentation with diverse literary resources, indigenous and foreign, generated major innovations in narrative technique. Depicting poverty allowed writers to revolutionize the nascent forms of modern Chinese narrative, innovating strategies of representing the nation, the social other, time, and space, while problematizing their deployment of squalor for aesthetic purposes. This book examines why Russian literature, itself long preoccupied with a problem of belatedness vis-à-vis Western Europe, occupied a privileged place for Chinese intellectuals of this era. Comparing Chinese fiction about poverty to Russian intertexts by Gogol, Andreev, Chekhov, Turgenev, and others, the book shows how Chinese writers drew and innovated upon themes (such as madness or human animality) and formal elements (such as metonymy). The book’s multi-scalar approach emphasizing close textual analysis situates modern Chinese realism in the trans-Eurasian axis of world literature.

The International Conference on Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Equality and Diversity in Sports (ICMPEDS) is organized by GESPORT with the support of the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union from the 14th to the 16th of July 2021. The conference is an excellent forum for academics, researchers, practitioners, athletes, man- agers and professionals of federations, associations and sport organizations, and those other- wise involved in sport to share and exchange ideas in different areas of sport related equality worldwide. We will keep you informed by email and post the latest information on this matter on the GESPORT website and social media. Sport and its management continues to be a field where men and masculinity strongly prevail. This conference aims to investigate the complexities attached to the following questions: What does gender openness mean in the context of sport in the 21st century? What persists as gen- der closure in the same context? What are the gender cultures that signify sport continuing to be defined by regimes that resort to a dominant masculinity embodied in a strong and athletic male body? Moreover, and albeit some exceptions, athletes, practitioners, decision and policy makers, and sports spectators are predominantly men. In this sense, gender discrimination and segregation are present in multiple aspects of sport. Some illustrations include: a) male athletes have high salaries, more career opportunities, and get more recognition by society than female athletes; b) management and leadership positions in sports organizations are mainly occupied by men, including in sports traditionally considered as feminine and which have become feminised (e.g. gymnastics and dance); c) masculinised sports and its male athletes have much more attention and recognition from the media than female athletes; d) sports journalism continues to be predominantly produced and managed by men; e) some sports spectatorships cultures are marked by rituals and interactions that resort to masculine tribalism, often leading to aggressive and violent behaviours. Gender discrimination in sport is somehow socially normalised and accepted through a dis- course that essentialises the embodied sexual differences between genders. This gender dis- course legitimises the exclusion of women in some sports modalities and traps female bodies in sociocultural constructions as less able to exercise and engage in sport, or as the second and weaker version of the ideal masculine body. However, there are signs that the context of sport may be changing. The European Union and some national governments have made an effort to promote gender equality and diversity by fostering the adoption of gender equality codes/policies in different modalities and in in- ternational and local sports organizations. These new policies aim to increase female partic- ipation and recognition in sport, their access to leadership positions and involvement in the decision-making in sport structures. Additionally, the number of women practising non-com- petitive sport and as sports spectators have started growing, leading to new representations of sport and challenging the role of women in such a context. Finally, different body constructions and the emergence of alternative embodied femininities and masculinities are also challeng- ing how athletes of both genders experience their bodies and sports practice. Yet, research is scarce about the impact of these changes/challenges in the sports context. This conference will focus on mapping gender relations in sport and its management by taking into account the different modalities, contexts, institutional policies, organizational structures and actors (e.g. athletes, spectators, media professionals, sport decision makers and man- agers). It will treat sport and its management as one avenue where gender segregation and inequality occurs, but also adopt such as a space that presents an opportunity for change and does so as a widely applicable topic whose traits and culture are reflected in organizations and work more broadly. In this sense, the conference is interested in theoretical and empirical research work that may explore, but are not limited to the following issues: • Women representativeness in sports modalities and in sport organizational structures in different countries; • Women and management accounting in sport organizations; • The gender regimes that (re)produce different sports policies, modalities, and institu- tions in sport; • The stories of resistance/conformity of women that already occupy different roles in sport contexts; • The challenges and impact of conventional and new body representations in sports institutions and including athletes of both genders; • The discourses of masculinities in sport and its effect on women and men athletes; • The emergence of nationalism and populist discourses in political and governments states and their impact on the (re)shaping of masculinity and femininity constructions in sport; • The gendered transformations of the spectators’ gaze in what concerns different sports modalities; • The effects of new groups of sports spectators on gender relations in sport; • The discourses in media and its participation in the sports gender (in)equality; • The impact of new technologies, and new practices of training/coaching in the body- work and identities of athletes of both genders.

Abstract This book explores the revival of classical drama at ancient venues as a sociopolitical apparatus of the European nation-states in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The modern use of Graeco-Roman theatres, odeons, amphitheatres, and stadiums depended on social or artistic influences and interconnections. In particular, the Spanish and Greek cases developed parallelly and addressed similar sociopolitical concepts, while the Italian example served as a model for their theatrical tradition in the first decades of the twentieth century. In theatrical terms, this book argues that the repertoire and orientation of classical drama were influenced by (inter)national trends, while power relations among theatrical directors, companies, and institutions determined the course of these artistic traditions. Staging classical drama in Greece and Spain transformed Graeco-Roman venues into sociopolitical powerhouses that generated collective narratives, theatrical modernisation, and economic development. Despite the distinct degree of ideological engagement with classical culture, political conditions in Greece and Spain during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries offer a space for reflection and critical comparison. In this context, this study discusses how historical realities led to the staging of classical drama at Graeco-Roman venues and how each country appropriated and showcased this classical heritage as sociopolitical capital.

Abstract The programme of ‘constructive axiomatics’, promulgated by Hans Reichenbach in 1924, seeks to build up the architecture of our best theories of physics from basic axioms supposedly imbued with immediate and indubitable empirical content. Taking inspiration from Reichenbach, Hermann Weyl proposed his own ‘causal-inertial’ approach to the constructive axiomatisation of Einstein’s general relativity, according to which a relativistic spacetime can be constructed solely from the trajectories of light rays and freely-falling particles; this project, however, came to fruition only in 1972, with the constructive axiomatisation of general relativity due to Ehlers, Pirani, and Schild (‘EPS’).One century since Reichenbach, and fifty years since EPS, this book is a celebration of the constructive axiomatic methodology. It achieves four main tasks. First, it provides a thoroughgoing presentation of the EPS axiomatisation, closing missing loopholes, identifying problematic axioms, and so forth—in this way, one gains a much-improved appreciation of the extent to which a causal-inertial approach to general relativity might succeed, and of what such an approach might offer. Second, it synthesises and assesses the vast but disparate literature on constructive axiomatics which has arisen over the past century and sets the methodology in its proper philosophical context. Third, it generalises the approach to apply to quantum spacetimes. And fourth, it applies the approach to the context of non-relativistic spacetime physics. All in all, the book demonstrates that constructive axiomatics is live-and-kicking; the book will become the go-to resource for this way of philosophising about the nature of space and time.

Abstract Sowing the Sacred traces the development of Mexican Pentecostalism in the context of migrant labor in California’s industrial agriculture from the 1920s to the 1960s. During this time period, many believed Pentecostalism to be a distasteful new sect rife with cultish and fanatical tendencies; U.S. growers thought that Mexicans were not fit to be citizens and were a mere workforce; and industrial agriculture was celebrated for feeding American families, but its exploitation of workers was largely ignored. Contrary to the image of farmworkers as culturally vacuous, lacking creative genius, and mere bodies of labor in a vertiginous cycle of migrant labor in California’s industrial agricultural system, this book argues that Pentecostal farmworkers from La Asamblea Apostólica de la Fe en Cristo Jesús carved out a robust socio-religious existence in these conditions and in doing so produced a vast record of cultural vibrancy. Sowing the Sacred queries what stories are portrayed about racialized Mexican workers and their religious life if we examine the photographs taken by the farmworkers themselves. The oral histories, photographs, and material from new archival collections tell an intimate story of sacred-space making in the form of mapping out churches, outdoors baptisms in grower-controlled waterways, building houses of worship in the fields, artistic creations of handmade goods and decor, and the role of historical memory in telling these stories.

Abstract This book delves into the lived experiences of Muslim prayer in the context of contemporary American public life, offering a nuanced exploration of how Muslims navigate their Islamic ritual obligations within the framework of a secular society fraught with discrimination. In its chapters, the book examines a wide range of challenges that arise in various domains, including schools, workplaces, media representations, and religious debates, among others. Furthermore, it uncovers the dynamic ways in which prayer intersects with protest movements and virtual spaces, revealing the creative adaptations that Muslims employ to uphold their religious practices. By delving into the multifaceted realm of Muslim prayer, the book argues that comprehending these practices sheds light on the intricate processes of identity integration, diversity, and complexity within the U.S. Muslim community. Despite facing hostility, Muslims assert their sense of belonging through embodied and spiritual acts of prayer. Through their struggles, they illuminate the ongoing negotiations with secularism, rights, discrimination, and the quest for a sense of belonging. The book provides a valuable contextualization of the challenges and efforts faced by Muslims in their quest to maintain and express their faith within the ever-changing landscape of the nation.

Abstract The general aim of the book is to demonstrate that the grammatical systems of individual languages code unique semantic structures. These semantic structures should be the main object of semantic description. The role of semantic structures encoded in grammatical systems is examined within a specific area, namely, how languages convey a presumably universal task such as information about the location of an entity or an event in a place and movements of an entity in space. The demonstration is based on non-aprioristic analyses of all of the formal coding means used for locative expressions in eight typologically distinct languages that belong to three branches of the Chadic family (Afroasiatic phylum), spoken in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, and Niger. Chadic languages were chosen because some of them represent semantic and syntactic characteristics involving locative expressions that have not been observed in or described in other languages. The most important of these characteristics is the coding of the locative domain in the grammatical system. The crucial contribution of the volume is that it demonstrates the existence of the semantic structure coded by the grammatical system of the language, and that the forms of the utterances in the language are determined by the functions encoded in the grammatical system, by means of coding found in the language, and by the locus within the utterance where various functions are coded. The volume also demonstrates that the syntactic properties of some lexical items are determined by the functions encoded in the grammatical system.

Abstract Faith in the Town explores the ways in which religious faith affected the lives of men, women, and children in the increasingly urban and industrialized context of eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century northern England. The picture it presents is one in which faith does not fade away with the growth of towns, but where the new conditions of life allowed for greater religious freedom on the part of the laity. The proliferation of religious services and meetings witnessed in urban centres, as well as the emergence of new forms of working environment and associational culture, meant that towns were home to myriad arenas for the expression, exploration, and inculcation of faith. Within the busy, complex, risky, and opportunity-rich environment of northern towns, faith provided a way to understand the new urban world in which individuals found themselves. It helped make sense of success and failure, marked the passage of time, and could provide a feeling of belonging and purpose. But whilst the new conditions of urban living helped shaped religious faith, faith also acted to influence the development of towns. Faith was not just an internal disposition, but it altered the ways in which individuals acted in the world. This meant that civic identities, understandings of urban space and time, and conceptions of social hierarchies were all affected by the religious faith of individual men, women, and children. In addition, faith helped shape business practices and understandings of the economy, and influenced behaviour in the spheres of work, home and family life.

Abstract Drawing on 5 years of work and research on simulated learning experiences with actors, this book describes their implementation in social work classes on social work practice, policy, and research in the School of Social Work at the University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign (UIUC). Doctoral (PhD) students took the lead in developing and implementing many simulations, worked with instructors to tie the simulations to learning objectives, and facilitated student discussion and reflection. Emphasis was given to understanding social work competencies in the context of issues of social injustice, diversity, equity, and inclusion. Staged in a simulation house, in classrooms, in a library setting, and online, the simulations included a collaboration with the UIUC police and with librarians at UIUC and the University of Washington, Tacoma. The book describes how brave spaces were created to facilitate difficult conversations, sharing, and reflections rather than grading performance. Challenges included resource and time constraints, concerns about retraumatizing students or stereotyping experiences, and reluctance to include simulations in social work classes. It provides an immersive learning experience for students and instructors alike; simulations emerge as a paradigm shift in social work education as it allows them to become more alive and accountable to the multifaceted, complex, and human elements of social work practice. The text includes a wealth of case studies and material to build ethical simulations in practice.

Abstract Opéra de salon emerged in the early 1850s out of a much longer tradition of théâtre de société: the cultivation of performing plays in aristocratic town houses and châteaux which continued into the Second Empire of the 1850s and 1860s and beyond. It consisted of a one-act opérette with between six and nine musical compositions separated by spoken dialogue that carried the action in the same way as opéra comique or opérette itself. Opéra de salon was separated from opérette and related genres by its performance context: never shared with the regulated theatre, opéra de salon was cultivated in domestic living spaces that were repurposed in ways that ranged from simply pushing back the furniture to building a fully fledged theatre in one’s own home. Opéra de salon furthermore found its way into the concert culture hosted by Parisian piano manufacturers (Herz, Erard, Pleyel, and so on). The approximately 120 opéras de salon that were composed and performed up to around 1875 represent a significant generic trajectory in the history of nineteenth-century music and theatre. Composed by the major composers and librettists of the day, opéra de salon plays into questions of gender, age, and urban topography in ways that illuminate the culture of the nineteenth century in ways impossible for other musical and theatrical genres.

Disorienting Empire is the first book to examine Republican Latin poetry’s recurring interest in characters who become lost. The book explains the prevalence of this theme with reference to the rapid expansion of Rome’s empire in the Middle and Late Republic. It was both a threatening and an enticing prospect, the book argues, to imagine the ever-widening spaces of Roman power as a place where one could become disoriented, both in terms of geographical wandering and in a more abstract sense connected with identity and identification, especially as it concerned gender and sexuality. Plautus, Terence, Lucretius, and Catullus, as well as the “triumviral” Horace of Satires, book 1, all reveal an interest in such experiences, particularly in relation to journeys into the Greek world from which these writers drew their source material. Fragmentary authors such as Naevius, Ennius, and Lucilius, as well as prose historians including Polybius and Livy, add depth and context to the discussion. Setting the Republican poets in dialogue with queer theory and postcolonial theory, the book brings to light both anxieties latent in the theme and the exuberance it suggests over new creative possibilities opened up by reorienting oneself toward new horizons and new identifications—by discovering with pleasure that one could be other than one thought. Further, in showing that the Republican poets had been experimenting with such techniques for generations before the Augustan Age, Disorienting Empire offers its close readings as a preface to the interpretation of Aeneas’s wandering journey in Vergil’s Aeneid.

Abstract In the Time of Sky-Rhyming: How Hip Hop Resonated in Brown Los Angeles tracks the reception of Hip Hop by Latines in Los Angeles, when it first arrived there. The era when Hip Hop was first transposed onto the West Coast context, what this book calls the “time of sky-rhyming,” was an important step in Hip Hop’s global expansion, and Brown Los Angeles participated in its adaptation. Many creatives from Brown Los Angeles found their place in early underground expressions of Hip Hop, including in breaking, rhyming, DJing, and graffiti elements. The movement resonated in Brown Los Angeles through channels of cultural exchange, especially the regional histories of Black American and Latine interaction, transregional connections of Caribbean-origin migrants, and Borderland legacies of resistance and innovation. During this period, Central American immigrants were settling in the urban corridors of the region, young Chicanos were coming of age in the post–civil rights era, Caribbean migrants carried resources from east to west, South American immigrants established networks across cities, and Latines were interacting with other minoritized populations such as Black Americans, ethnic Samoans, Filipinos, and Koreans. At sites like Club Radio and Radiotron, at church events, and in neighborhoods around the Los Angeles basin, spaces that often included Latines, West Coast Hip Hop was being defined. Though West Coast Hip Hop is often cast as a deleterious movement, based on original oral history interviews, the chapter demonstrates demonstrate how Hip Hop empowered Latine creatives in the greater Los Angeles area to positively address societal challenges.