Journal articles: 'Abstract interpreter'

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Weeks, Stephen, Suresh Jagannathan, and James Philbin. "A concurrent abstract interpreter." LISP and Symbolic Computation 7, no. 2-3 (1994): 173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01018693.

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Krystallidou, Demi, Céline Van De Walle, Myriam Deveugele, Evangelia Dougali, Fien Mertens, Amélie Truwant, Ellen Van Praet, and Peter Pype. "Training “doctor-minded” interpreters and “interpreter-minded” doctors." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 20, no. 1 (April 26, 2018): 132–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00005.kry.

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Abstract In response to calls in the literature for more collaborative practice in interpreter training, this paper describes the design, implementation and part of the evaluation of an innovative joint training intervention for interpreting students (Master’s level) and 3rd- and 4th-year medical students at Ghent University. In order to assess the development of the students’ knowledge and skills, we employed self-efficacy questionnaires; the training intervention was evaluated in a debriefing session with trainers from both fields. A development in skills that involve direct interaction with the primary participants and address specific communicative goals was noted. Our initial evaluation suggests that interprofessional education and collaborative practice in interpreter training can create the conditions for interpreting students to develop a more insightful and reflective approach to their interpreting practice.

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Diamond-Falk, Kathryn, and Brian Youth. "Interpreter Use Training Through Simulation (Descriptive Abstract)." Academic Pediatrics 17, no. 5 (July 2017): e3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2017.04.031.

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Hoffmann, Christoph M., Michael J. O'donnell, and Robert I. Strandh. "Implementation of an interpreter for abstract equations." Software: Practice and Experience 15, no. 12 (December 1985): 1185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380151205.

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Kalibera, Tomas, Petr Maj, Floreal Morandat, and Jan Vitek. "A fast abstract syntax tree interpreter for R." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 49, no. 7 (September 25, 2014): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2674025.2576205.

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Delizée, Anne, and Christine Michaux. "The negotiation of meaning in dialogue interpreting." Translation, Cognition & Behavior 2, no. 2 (September 6, 2019): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00029.del.

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Abstract The objective of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of the negotiation of meaning between the participants of a bilingual interpreter-mediated interaction by analysing the effects of the verbalization of the inferences by the interpreter. The conceptual tools of Relevance Theory were applied to three interpreted excerpts of Russian-French psychotherapeutic interactions. The results suggest that, by verbalizing inferences, the interpreter co-creates a shared cognitive environment, reinforces intra- and inter-discursive coherence, diminishes the cognitive efforts of the recipient, and encourages primary parties to cooperate. The analysis of the cognitive processes at work in the excerpts tends to show that what has so far been treated as the interpreter’s “additions” or “expanded renditions” enables the latter to exercise cooperative coordination of interaction, and could therefore be more precisely called collaborative renditions.

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Mellinger, Christopher D., and Thomas A. Hanson. "Interpreter traits and the relationship with technology and visibility." Community Interpreting, Translation, and Technology 13, no. 3 (November 9, 2018): 366–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.00021.mel.

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Abstract Research on technology and interpreting regularly investigates technology-mediated interpreting settings and contrasts various interpreting configurations to better understand how technology changes the interpreting task. This scholarship generally does not account for various personality or character attributes exhibited by interpreters, nor does it examine the actual adoption and usage of these tools. This article presents findings from a survey-based study that examines several interpreter-specific constructs, namely their self-perception of the interpreter’s role and communication apprehension, in conjunction with attitudes toward technology use and adoption. Findings suggest that community interpreters differ from their conference interpreting counterparts and that domain-specific differences emerge between medical and court interpreters with respect to their perceived role and their propensity to adopt new technologies.

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Alexieva, Bistra. "Interpreter Mediated TV Events." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 11, no. 2 (December 31, 1999): 329–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.11.2.08ale.

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Abstract The major claims made here pertain to: (1) The dominant role of the Participants paremeter, where distinction is made between the "on-screen" and the "off-screen" casts, with the Interpreter acting as Mediator in two communicative channels; (2) The specificity of the TV product as a Polysemiotic Text, consisting of a variety of Language and Non-Language components, and the way it affects the Interpreter's performance; (3) The communicative goals of the two casts of Primary Participants and the strategies employed to attain them in a situation highly marked from a kinesthetic and proxemic point of view, which often leads to shifts in the Interpreter's output, and (4) The factors determining the choice of the optimum mode of Interpreting.

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Cheung, Andrew K. F. "Interpreters’ perceived characteristics and perception of quality in interpreting." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 22, no. 1 (April 10, 2020): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00033.che.

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Abstract This study examined the link between listeners’ perceptions of the quality of interpretation and their beliefs about the interpreter. Two groups of Mandarin-speaking participants were shown a video of a speech by President Obama being interpreted into Mandarin Chinese by a non-native Mandarin-speaking interpreter. The participants in one group were shown a photo of a Chinese-looking man alongside the video and those in the other group were shown a photo of a non-Chinese-looking man. The quantitative results showed that those who believed they were listening to a non-Chinese interpreter judged the interpretation more positively than those who believed they were listening to a Chinese interpreter. The qualitative results showed that the participants in the non-Chinese condition attributed the non-native features of the interpretation to the interpreter’s being a foreigner, and that they naturally used the language competence of non-native speakers as the standard of comparison. In this case, the participants’ perceptions of quality could also be explained by the interpreter’s perceived association with a highly esteemed group in China, and his ability to interpret into Chinese generated a sense of national self-esteem among the participants. Overall, the findings show that factors other than the features identifiable in an interpretation can influence the perception of quality of interpretation.

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Della Greca, Marco. "Abstract: Maurice Merleau-Ponty as Interpreter of Paul Valéry." Chiasmi International 9 (2007): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/chiasmi2007954.

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Ward, Andrew. "Skepticism and Davidson's Omniscient Interpreter Argument." Crítica (México D. F. En línea) 21, no. 61 (December 11, 1989): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iifs.18704905e.1989.705.

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Rosiers, Alexandra, Koen Plevoets, and June Eyckmans. "Choosing to become an interpreter." Translation, Cognition & Behavior 3, no. 1 (May 13, 2020): 25–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00033.ros.

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Abstract Within the world of interpreting, persistent clichés exist about an interpreter’s required personality and cognitive traits. For instance, an interpreter is thought to be communicative, stress-resistant and to have excellent memory skills. Yet, while research has been conducted into interpreters’ personality type and into their cognitive skills, these two aspects have not yet been combined in one research design. In this contribution we will explore whether some of these traits increase the likelihood of a language major opting for a study programme in interpreting and for a language professional opting for an interpreting career. Through a principal component analysis, we identified five latent components (personality, inhibition, updating, shifting, and working memory span) in a battery of personality and cognitive variables. Binary logistic regression showed that personality and working memory span are strong predictors of language majors and language professionals’ choice for a study programme or career path in interpreting.

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Horváth, Ildikó. "What does sport psychology have to offer interpreting?" Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 63, no. 2 (August 31, 2017): 230–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.63.2.05hor.

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Abstract Sports psychology has a great deal of potential for interpreting and interpreter training, as stress seems to be one of the major psychological factors influencing an interpreter’s professional behaviour. A competitive sports situation is similar to an interpreting assignment, as both are characterized by the need of the performers, the athlete or the interpreter to achieve. They cannot escape from the situation, and they need to achieve what they have undertaken to do. Their performance on the day depends on external and internal factors that they need to control efficiently. Stress is and has for some time been a widely-researched topic in interpreting studies, as it seems to be a fact of life for interpreters. Stress research in interpreting has, however, focused mainly on the external factors influencing an interpreter’s performance. This paper presents an outline of sports psychology and reviews the literature on the psychology of stress. It then presents research conducted on stress in the context of interpreting. Finally, it examines how we can help our students cope with stress and control the internal factors influencing their performance as interpreters.

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Braun, Sabine. "Video-mediated interpreting in legal settings in England." Community Interpreting, Translation, and Technology 13, no. 3 (November 9, 2018): 393–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.00022.bra.

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Abstract The increasing use of videoconferencing technology in legal proceedings has led to different configurations of video-mediated interpreting (VMI). Few studies have explored interpreter perceptions of VMI, each focusing on one country, configuration (e.g., interpreter-assisted video links between courts and remote participants) and setting (e.g., immigration). The present study is the first that draws on multiple data sets, countries, settings and configurations to investigate interpreter perceptions of VMI. It compares perceptions in England with other countries, covering common configurations (e.g., court-prison video links, links to remote interpreters) and settings (e.g., police, court, immigration), and considers the sociopolitical context in which VMI has emerged. The aim is to gain systematic insights into factors shaping the interpreters’ perceptions as a step toward improving VMI.

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CURTIS, BYRON G. "Calvin: Interpreter of the Prophets." Unio Cum Christo 3, no. 2 (October 1, 2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35285/ucc3.2.2017.art2.

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Abstract: This article explores the hermeneutical principles behind John Calvin’s commentaries and lectures on Isaiah (1550/1559), Hosea (1557), the Minor Prophets (1559), Daniel (1561), Jeremiah (1563), and Ezekiel 1–20 (posthumous, 1565). Calvin is not the founder of historical-grammatical exegesis, the precursor of the historical-critical method, or a literalist. He crystallizes earlier medieval practices with his expanded sensus literalis. His use of history, grammar, allegory, anagogy, and analogy receive attention, as do the sources of Calvin’s historical and chronological errors. Calvin takes ancient Israel’s return from exile, Christ’s death and resurrection, and the church’s present condition as embraced within the literal sense of the prophetic word. This inclusiveness allures us as Calvin’s pastoral passion comes out and the prophetic word addresses us.

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Patra. "JAVASCRIPT INTERPRETER USING NON RECURSIVE ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE BASED STACK." American Journal of Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 403–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2013.403.413.

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Roux, Pierre, Rémi Delmas, and Pierre-Loïc Garoche. "SMT-AI: an Abstract Interpreter as Oracle for k-induction." Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 267, no. 2 (October 2010): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2010.09.018.

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Domínguez Araújo, Lara. "Feedback in conference interpreter education." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 21, no. 1 (March 13, 2019): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00023.dom.

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Abstract Feedback is a key part of the teaching and learning process in conference interpreter education. However, there is little research on how feedback should be performed in order to promote learning, or on what trainers and trainees think of its role. This paper, based on a larger PhD research project, seeks to fill this gap by reporting on perceptions and practices in three postgraduate conference interpreter training programs. Data were collected from trainers and trainees through individual interviews, focus groups, and questionnaires, complemented by direct observation of lessons. Content analysis was used to identify points of divergence and convergence between the views of trainers and trainees regarding the usefulness of feedback, preferred practices, and the difficulty of providing feedback. Main findings include that feedback should be honest, concise, and meaningful for the trainees, and provide an analysis of the problems encountered as well as recommend specific strategies for overcoming them.

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Marks, Annie. "“Hold the phone!”." Signed Language Interpreting and Translation 13, no. 1 (March 2, 2018): 87–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.00006.mar.

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Abstract The initial paradigm of Video Relay Service (VRS) in the United States viewed interpreters as merely conduits for telephone communication; however, this paradigm has begun to shift. Recent research suggests that VRS interpreters are actively involved in coordinating interpreted interaction (Marks 2015; Warnicke and Plejert 2012, 2016). This study aims add to the body of VRS research by analyzing features of turn management in ASL-English video relay interpreted calls. These features of turn management are grouped into two categories: techniques and strategies. Techniques denote acts that are performed in addition to the rendition, and strategies refer to instances of turn management that are embedded within renditions. Results show that VRS interpreters employ a variety of turn management techniques and strategies, especially in cases of overlapping talk between Deaf and hearing callers. The findings presented are relevant to the shifting paradigm of VRS interpreter work and training.

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Goloboff, Pablo A., and Martín E. Morales. "A phylogenetic C interpreter for TNT." Bioinformatics 36, no. 13 (March 28, 2020): 3988–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa214.

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Abstract Motivation TNT (a widely used program for phylogenetic analysis) includes an interpreter for a scripting language, but that implementation is nonstandard and uses several conventions of its own. This article describes the implementation and basic usage of a C interpreter (with all the ISO essentials) now included in TNT. A phylogenetic library includes functions that can be used for manipulating trees and data, as well as other phylogeny-specific tasks. This greatly extends the capabilities of TNT. Availability and implementation Versions of TNT including the C interpreter for scripts can be downloaded from http://www.lillo.org.ar/phylogeny/tnt/.

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Vranjes, Jelena, Geert Brône, and Kurt Feyaerts. "On the role of gaze in the organization of turn-taking and sequence organization in interpreter-mediated dialogue." Language and Dialogue 8, no. 3 (November 2, 2018): 439–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ld.00025.vra.

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Abstract This paper contributes to the growing line of research that takes a multimodal approach in the study of interpreter-mediated dialogues. Drawing on insights from Conversation Analysis and multimodal analysis, we investigate how extended multi-unit turns unfold with interventions of an interpreter and, more specifically, what is the role of gaze in this process. The analysis is based on videos of interpreter-mediated dialogues (Dutch-Russian) recorded with mobile eye-tracking glasses. We argue that the interpreter’s gaze direction contributes both to the local management of turn-taking (next-speaker selection) and to sequence organization. More specifically, we show how interpreter’s gaze orientation bears on the negotiation of possible transition relevance places and how it contributes to the smooth continuation of the projected extended multi-unit turn.

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Menzel, Birgit. "The interpreter as a citizen diplomat." Translation and Interpreting Studies 14, no. 3 (July 24, 2019): 464–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.19030.men.

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Abstract The article presents a case of interpretation as a political activity during the Cold War. In the 1980s and 1990s, a grassroots citizen diplomacy movement was initiated by the Californian Esalen Institute, the center of the American Human Potential Movement. In and around its Soviet-American exchange program, numerous individuals, NGOs and organizations established personal relationships and professional exchange with citizens of the two super powers and travelled in both directions. Interpreters had a complex and crucial role in this exchange which was different from both the professional experience of conference and of communal interpreting.

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Nilsson, Anna-Lena. "Expressing time through space." Signed Language Interpreting and Translation 13, no. 1 (March 2, 2018): 6–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.00002.nil.

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Abstract This study describes how temporal discourse content is expressed in signing space in Swedish Sign Language (SSL) and identifies and describes the differences between L1- and L2-interpreters’ signed target language output. The study found that L1-interpreters systematically use complex simultaneous combinations of lexical signs and various hand, arm and body movements on and along time lines. The L2-interpreters stand more still, and their use of body movements differs from that of the L1-interpreters. Though the L2-interpreters in the study often succeed in showing that two or more entities/events are separate, they are less successful in showing the more specific, temporal and/or other, relationship(s) between them. This crucial aspect of idiomatic signed language production, therefore, should be included in interpreter training to improve the quality of interpreted target language output.

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Vigier Moreno, Francisco J. "Interpreting in Spanish criminal courts." Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 5, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00038.vig.

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Abstract The quality of the interpreting carried out in criminal courts has come to the fore in Spain with the entry into force of domestic legislation transposing Directive 2010/64/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 October 2010, on the right to interpretation and translation in criminal proceedings, and Directive 2012/13/EU of 22 May 2012, on the right to information in criminal proceedings, which enshrines translation and interpreting as an essential element within procedural guarantees. The TIPp project was aimed at developing resources that facilitate court interpreters’ tasks based on the data obtained from a representative corpus of authentic interpreter-mediated criminal proceedings. In this contribution we describe and analyse the corpus, highlighting aspects such as the interpreter’s mother tongue, the type of offence that was tried, the procedural situation of the non Spanish-speaking user and whether there was whispered interpreting or the interpreter was given any instruction.

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Zhao, Hongming, and Yanping Dong. "The early presence and developmental trend of interpreter advantages incognitive flexibility." Translation, Cognition & Behavior 3, no. 2 (November 10, 2020): 241–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00043.zha.

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Abstract Findings about interpreter advantages in cognitive flexibility have been discrepant. To examine whether task differences and interpreters’ L2 proficiency contributed to the discrepancy, we tested two groups of university students (interpreting trainees vs. control participants) with two color-shape switching tasks differing in stimulus valence (univalent vs. bivalent). The results showed that: (1) only the univalent task detected a switch cost advantage for the interpreter group, indicating the task condition for observing interpreting trainees’ early advantage in local switching ability (as indexed by switch cost); (2) only the interpreter group with an advanced L2 proficiency showed a marginally significant mixing cost advantage over the control group, indicating a tendency toward an advantage in more global and sustained control. These findings suggest tentative explanations for the discrepant results in the literature and conditions for the presence and development of interpreter advantages in cognitive flexibility.

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Chmiel, Agnieszka. "Meaning and words in the conference interpreter’s mind." Translation, Cognition & Behavior 1, no. 1 (March 2, 2018): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00002.chm.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to examine how interpreter training and experience influence word recognition and cross-linguistic connections in the bilingual mental lexicon. Sixty-eight professional interpreters, interpreter trainees (tested at the beginning and end of their training) and bilingual controls were asked to complete a semantic priming study. Priming is a psycholinguistic research method used to examine connections between words and languages in the mind. Data analysis conducted by means of linear mixed models revealed that advanced trainees recognised words faster than beginners, but were not outperformed by professionals. A priming effect was found only in the L1-L2 direction, suggesting similar asymmetries between languages irrespective of the interpreting experience. It is the first study to adopt a priming paradigm and a longitudinal design to examine the interpreters’ mental lexicon. The study shows that word recognition is faster due to interpreter training, but is not modulated further by interpreting experience.

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Nour, Soudabeh, Esli Struys, Evy Woumans, Ily Hollebeke, and Hélène Stengers. "An interpreter advantage in executive functions?" Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 22, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 163–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00045.nou.

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Abstract The aim of this systematic literature review was to answer the question of which executive function is most affected by interpreter training and experience. We used the ‘unity and diversity’ framework of executive functions to distinguish between three executive components: Response and Distractor Inhibition, Shifting, and Updating. Among the seventeen studies included in the review, we only found evidence for an interpreter advantage on Shifting and Updating, but with a different pattern for each of these. With regard to Updating, groups of interpreters scored better than comparison groups, but general trend in longitudinal studies did not show an improvement for interpreter trainees. In contrast, for Shifting, scores improved as a result of interpreting training. Our systematic review stresses the importance of understanding the diversity of executive processes when investigating the relationship between interpreting and cognitive performance.

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Berge, Sigrid Slettebakk. "How sign language interpreters use multimodal actions to coordinate turn-taking in group work between deaf and hearing upper secondary school students." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 20, no. 1 (April 26, 2018): 102–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00004.ber.

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Abstract This study examines interpreted group work situations involving deaf and hearing senior high school students, using Norwegian Sign Language and spoken Norwegian. The research question is: how does the sign language interpreter explicitly coordinate turn-taking in group work dialogues among deaf and hearing students? Video recordings of authentic learning situations constitute the basis for analysis of how a sign language interpreter uses multimodal actions to convey information that is used by the deaf and hearing students in establishing a shared focus of attention and thus coordinating their turn-taking. Five types of actions were recurrently identified: construction of visual gestures; timing of the interpreter’s input; use of gaze to negotiate for the deaf students’ speaking turns; left-right shifts in body position to convey information about which of the hearing students is speaking; and backward-forward shifts in body position to negotiate for shared attention. The analysis draws mainly on concepts developed by Goffman (1959, 1981), Goodwin (1994, 2000, 2007) and Wadensjö (1998). The discussion examines implications for the educational interpreter’s role set (Sarangi 2010, 2011), and the dual responsibility s/he fulfils by not only interpreting the students’ utterances, but also explicitly coordinating their interaction.

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Jackman, Zora. "Reporting on the “Guidelines for Communicating Rights to Non-Native Speakers of English in Australia, England and Wales, and the USA” and their application in England and Wales." Sociolinguistica 33, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/soci-2019-0007.

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Abstract Abstract: The article discusses a set of Guidelines which result from the work of the Communication of Rights Group comprising linguists, psychologists, lawyers and interpreters. The Guidelines document’s primary aim is to inform police, lawyers and judicial officers about linguistic issues which impact non-native speakers of English in police interviews, particularly in the communication of rights. The recommendations address the wording and grammar of the rights as well as their wider communication to non-native speaker suspects, including informing those suspects about access to an interpreter, and evaluation of whether or not a non-native speaker of English has understood the rights. It is not the purpose of the Guidelines to replace the right to a professional interpreter; such right needs to be clearly defined. The role of the interpreter in exercising such right also needs to be considered. The article examines the current relevant legislation and guidelines in England and Wales and compares them with the proposed recommendations.

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Böser, Ursula, and David LaRooy. "Interpreter-mediated investigative interviews with minors." Translation and Interpreting Studies 13, no. 2 (October 12, 2018): 208–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.00012.bos.

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Abstract When information is elicited from children in a criminal context, both their ability and willingness to disclose is at stake. In law, the communicative vulnerability of children is manifest in forensic protocols for interviewing children. These are designed to retrieve information in a child-aware fashion, as well as to produce evidence with sufficient integrity to stand up under the scrutiny of the criminal process. This article will consider some of the added challenges of interpreter-mediated interviews for minors. Drawing on research into monolingual child interviewing, the article proposes how some of the interpreting related aspects of this challenge may be addressed through the adaptation of elements of reflexive coordination in the widely used NICHD child interviewing protocol. The authors call for the data-based testing of these adaptations and suggests that modifications of institutional speech genres for bilingual use may be a component of mainstreaming public service interpreting.

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Liao, Sixin, and Li Pan. "Interpreter mediation at political press conferences." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 20, no. 2 (September 24, 2018): 188–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00009.lia.

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Abstract Political press conferences, while playing a significant role in international communication by heads of state and government, are still largely underexplored in interpreting studies. More scholarly attention is needed, particularly to examine the interpreter’s mediating role in these uniquely constrained communicative settings. Drawing on narrative theory and Wadensjö’s model of renditions, this paper investigates the interpreter’s mediating role at a 2011 joint press conference with the American and Chinese Presidents, at that time Barack Obama and Hu Jintao respectively. Specifically, the study examines how the interpretation comprises reduced, expanded and summarized renditions of the speakers’ narratives, and how the resulting mediation can affect not only their image, but also the outcome of the diplomatic communication between their respective countries. Here, the interpreter’s performance is subject not only to his language competence, but also to a number of other factors. On the one hand, his mediation can be facilitated rather than restricted by the constraints of the setting where the interpreting occurs, such as technical problems and time limitations. On the other hand, the mediation can also reflect the interpreter’s institutional role and the public narratives within the socio-cultural context.

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Vranjes, Jelena, Hanneke Bot, Kurt Feyaerts, and Geert Brône. "Affiliation in interpreter-mediated therapeutic talk." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 21, no. 2 (November 11, 2019): 220–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00028.vra.

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Abstract The aim of this article is to explore how affiliation (Stivers 2008) with the patient is displayed and interactionally achieved in the context of an interpreter-mediated therapeutic dialogue. More specifically, we focus on the interplay between affiliative listener responses – especially head nods – and gaze in this setting. Interpreter-mediated therapeutic talk is not only a setting that has received very little systematic scrutiny in the literature, but it is also particularly interesting for the study of listener responses. Drawing on the insights from Conversation Analysis, a naturally occurring interpreter-mediated therapeutic session was analysed that had been recorded using mobile eye-tracking technology. This approach allowed for a detailed analysis of the interlocutors’ synchronous gaze behaviour in relation to speech and head nods during the interaction. The results revealed differences in the interpreter’s and the therapist’s affiliative listener responses that were linked to the interactional goals of the encounter and to their social roles. Moreover, we found a strong relationship between mutual gaze and head nods as tokens of affiliation. Thus, these findings provide support for the inclusion of gaze in studies of interpreter-mediated dialogue and, more broadly, in the study of affiliation in social interaction.

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Darden, Vicki, and Elisa M. Maroney. "“Craving to hear from you…”." Community Interpreting, Translation, and Technology 13, no. 3 (November 9, 2018): 442–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.00024.dar.

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Abstract This study examines the feasibility of mobile technology for interpreter education. While interpreter education and its use of technology is well-established and documented in developed countries, educational opportunities for signed language interpreters in developing countries are scarce. One innovation, mobile phone technology, appears to be changing patterns of technological adoption in developed and developing countries, connecting those previously denied access by geography or income. Education through mobile applications, or m-learning, was used to provide professional development to interpreters from the U.S. and Ghana in an action research pilot study. Surveys, discussions, and reflections were analyzed to identify the types of technologies employed, challenges encountered, evidence of learning, and collegial interactions. While successful outcomes were documented, findings indicate feasibility is still dependent on several factors.

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Defrancq, Bart, and Sofie Verliefde. "Interpreter-mediated drafting of written records in police interviews." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 30, no. 2 (March 27, 2018): 212–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.16141.def.

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Abstract Text drafting is an essential component of many of the contexts in which interpreters are called in to ensure communication (Määttä 2015). As Komter (2006) shows, the drafting process itself can be considered a turn in the interaction. Interpreters involved in such contexts thus perform a communicative pas de quatre, crossing not only the language divide, but also the modal divide (oral vs. written). In this paper, we analyse how an interpreter in a Belgian police interview handles this complex task. It appears that she procedurally and declaratively recognises a written turn in the interaction and uses its authoritative voice to silence the witness by sight-translating the turn as it is being typed on the screen. In line with previous research on interpreters’ handling of dialogues (Hale 1997), the interpreter also shapes turns, including the written turn, to the needs of the addressees: upgrading the register properties of the interviewee’s talk and downgrading those of the written turn.

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Ruiz Rosendo, Lucía, and Manuel Barea Muñoz. "Towards a typology of interpreters in war-related scenarios in the Middle East." Translation Spaces 6, no. 2 (December 4, 2017): 182–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ts.6.2.01rui.

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Abstract The figure of the interpreter in conflict is as interesting as it is elusive to the rest of the profession and academia. One of the regions that has caught the attention and the interest of scholars is the Middle East. The literature tends to focus on one specific category – locally recruited interpreters – and the application of different theoretical concepts to their role and consideration by the parties involved, and does not delve too deeply into the intricacies of the specific role of other categories of interpreter in this context. Also, the existing narratives do not always frame this role through the typology of the conflict in which it is developed. This paper identifies narratives included in the literature that represent interpreters working in armed conflicts in the Middle East in order to examine the different existing categories. The paper then draws on the results of a qualitative study carried out with staff interpreters at an international organisation with the aim of completing this categorisation. Our focus will be on the characteristics of the different categories of interpreter in terms of their involvement in the different stages of the conflict, their positionality, working conditions, status and recognition by the parties involved in the conflict.

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Semsch, Marlene. "A Report on the Arctic College Interpreter-Translators Program." section II 38, no. 1 (September 30, 2002): 96–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004087ar.

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Abstract This report briefly outlines the historical developments of interpreter I translator training in the Northwest Territories. It describes the origins of the present Arctic College I IT programs at the Thebacha Campus in Fort Smith and Nunatta Campus in Iqaluit and describes their similarities and differences. It outlines admission requirements and course offerings and discusses some of the challenges faced in training aboriginal translators and interpreters.

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Hijazo-Gascón, Alberto. "Translating accurately or sounding natural?" Pragmatics and Society 10, no. 1 (May 28, 2019): 72–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.00016.hij.

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Abstract Police interview interpreting is a complex task, as interpreters make difficult choices under pressure and time constraints. The main dilemma of the interpreter is whether to remain faithful to the original text, with the risk of rendering non-idiomatic translations, or to give preference to more idiomatic versions that may entail an addition or an omission from the original text. This article presents an analysis of Spanish-English bilingual police interviews in California. The analysis is based on the discrepancies found between an interpreter present in the interrogation and a control interpreter who translates the whole interview post-hoc. This is an original methodology that can be used for future research in this and other contexts. The results show different types of inaccuracies in the interpretation, which can be attributed to contextual pressures and overall challenges of interpreting and to challenges related to typological differences between the two languages involved.

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Warnicke, Camilla, and Charlotta Plejert. "The headset as an interactional resource in a video relay interpreting (VRI) setting." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 20, no. 2 (September 24, 2018): 285–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00013.war.

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Abstract Video relay interpreting (VRI) enables communication between a signed language user, remotely connected to an interpreter by videophone, and an interlocutor in spoken contact with the interpreter by telephone. Both users of the service are physically separated from each other and from the interpreter, who is in a studio. Essential technical components of the system include such items as videophones, telephones, computers, software, and a headset. This article explores how the interpreter orients towards the headset, turning it into an interactional resource. Examples of how this is done are identified in extracts from a corpus of VRI conversations between users of Swedish Sign Language (SSL) and spoken Swedish. Ethical approval and all participants’ consent were obtained. Three practices were identified: pointing towards the headset, orienting towards it in other ways (positioning, gesturing, direction of gaze), and holding it. All these practices have concrete pragmatic implications for the various steps in communication, such as establishing reference, repairs, and turn allocation. Enhancing VRI interpreters’ awareness of how equipment like a headset helps to organize the interaction is important, with a view to ensuring that the available technology is used to best effect for purposes of communication.

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Hamidi, Miriam, and Franz Pöchhacker. "Simultaneous Consecutive Interpreting: A New Technique Put to the Test." Meta 52, no. 2 (August 2, 2007): 276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/016070ar.

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Abstract The paper reports a small-scale experimental study to test the viability or even superiority of technology-assisted consecutive interpreting as a new working method for conference interpreters. In this technique, pioneered in 1999 by an EU staff interpreter, a digital voice recorder is used to record the original speech which the interpreter then plays back into earphones and renders in the simultaneous mode. The performances of three experienced professional interpreters (French-German) in the conventional consecutive and the ‘simultaneous consecutive’ mode were assessed and compared on the basis of transcript analysis, self-assessment and audience response. Our findings suggest that simultaneous consecutive permits enhanced interpreting performances, as reflected in more fluent delivery, closer source–target correspondence, and fewer prosodic deviations. Though the interpreters’ personal working experience and preferences appeared to have a significant influence on their performance, all three subjects easily adopted the technology-assisted interpreting mode and considered it a viable technique.

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Takeda, Kayoko. "The Interpreter, the Monitor and the Language Arbiter*." Meta 54, no. 2 (July 16, 2009): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037675ar.

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Abstract The trustworthiness of translators and interpreters has long been an issue in the profession. In some cases, a set of procedures are established to ensure the trust of clients and end-users. In the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (1946-1948), such procedures took on remarkable form. During the trial, three ethnically and socially different groups of language personnel engaged in three different functions within the overall interpreting process: Japanese nationals as interpreters, Japanese Americans as monitors, and U.S. military officers as language arbiters who ruled on the disputed interpretations. Sociopolitical aspects such as trust, power and control are evident in this hierarchical structure. In such political settings, and in others seen today, the trustworthiness of the interpreter may override the quality of interpreting.

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Wehrmeyer, Ella. "Shifts in signed media interpreting." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 25, no. 3 (October 14, 2020): 270–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.18059.weh.

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Abstract This study offers a unique contribution through the construction of an annotated text-based sign language interpreting corpus and its application in analyzing shifts (defined as deviations from source semantic content), which in turn enables researchers to identify and categorize interpreter strategies and norms. The corpus comprises ten half-hour news broadcasts in English and their simultaneously signed interpretations into South African Sign Language. The analysis of shifts shows that interpreters mainly strive to produce a fluent output, combatting cognitive overload through condensation, use of synonyms and omission. However, they also cater for target language norms through attention to discourse features and syntactic reformulation and by addressing perceived target audience knowledge gaps through explanations. Time constraints limit full deverbalization and repair strategies, and Deaf communicative norms occasionally conflict with interpreting norms. Although most shifts could be related to interpreter strategies and norms, the interpreters occasionally made syntactic errors, hindering comprehension.

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Rodríguez Melchor, María Dolores, Manuela Motta, Elena Aguirre Fernández Bravo, Olga Egorova, Kate Ferguson, and Tamara Mikolič Južnič. "Expertise and resources for interpreter training online." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 66, no. 6 (December 9, 2020): 950–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00198.ego.

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Abstract The development of online interactive resources for interpreter training has been at the centre of the agenda in terms of pedagogical assistance and cooperation both for the European Institutions and for their partner universities. Modern videoconferencing systems and online learning technologies provide an excellent alternative to face-to-face classes, offering solutions to the problem of trainers’ availability and engaging learners in synchronous and asynchronous task-oriented activities. In this context, the European Parliament-funded ERITON project was launched in 2014 with the aim of facilitating the dissemination of best practices and enhancing collaboration between EU and non-EU partner universities in the field of conference interpreter training. Forming the strategic core of this project was the use of innovative training methodologies, such as virtual classes and virtual mock-conferences. This paper presents the pedagogical framework of the VCs and discusses the results of an online survey conducted from 2015 to 2017 among students who actively participated in the virtual classes held within the ERITON project. The aim of the survey was to obtain anonymous feedback on the technical set-up of the VCs and on the helpfulness of this format in terms of skill acquisition and progress. The results show that the new medium was well-received and appreciated by respondents, especially since it gave them the possibility to interact in ways and with people that would otherwise be impossible.

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Lambert, Sylvie. "The Cloze Technique as A Pedagogical Tool for the Training of Translators and Interpreters." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 4, no. 2 (January 1, 1992): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.4.2.06lam.

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Abstract This article focuses on the versatility of the cloze technique, as a tool not only for measuring second-language proficiency, but also for selecting and training both translators (written cloze) and interpreters (aural cloze). When presented auditorily, the cloze test discriminates pass and fail interpreter students, given the external pacing and speed stress experienced by simultaneous interpreters in real life. The article offers several ways to administer the cloze technique as well as examples of such doctored material.

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Sasaki, Anna. "Reconsidering the contents of interpreters’ notes: A human-centered approach to classification." Yearbook of the Poznan Linguistic Meeting 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/yplm-2020-0004.

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Abstract This paper tackles the issue of the lack of a substantially new approach to classifying the interpreters’ notes. In my paper, I highlight the fact that the researchers in the field are yet to agree on the contents of interpreters’ notes, and that is, in my opinion, the problem that is numerously stumbled upon in consecutive interpretation research in general and note-taking research in particular. Not only do researchers invent new classifications within an excising paradigm, sometimes they contradict each other presenting different definitions for the same concepts. This paper attempts to solve the issue by introducing a new perspective on the contents of interpreters’ notes by adapting the human-centered approach and turning to the “writers” of the notes, the interpreters. The interpreter trainees who participated in this research were interviewed to obtain an in-depth understanding of what is included in interpreters’ notes. Under the semiotic perspective, which assumes both linguistic and non-linguistic notes as a system of signs, I classified the interpreters’ notes based on the subject’s comments to the notes they had written. This retrospective approach unveiled how interpreter trainees perceive their notes which prompt meaning-making and facilitate the memory when delivering interpretation.

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Cheung, Andrew K. F. "Non-renditions and the court interpreter’s perceived impartiality." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 20, no. 2 (September 24, 2018): 232–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00011.che.

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Abstract This experimental study examined whether non-renditions are linked to the court interpreter’s perceived impartiality. A witness examination was simulated in three variations on a scripted role play, with consecutive interpreting between Cantonese and English. A sample of female Cantonese speakers, divided into two experimental groups and a control group, each played the part of the witness in one role play; the interpreter and the English-speaking bench (judge and defense attorney) were always played by the same three actors. In two experimental groups, the interpretation included some utterances with no source speech counterpart (non-renditions): a Cantonese non-rendition group (16 individuals) had procedural and textual non-renditions addressed to them in Cantonese, without English interpretation for the bench; an English non-rendition group (15 individuals) heard some brief exchanges between the interpreter and the bench, with no Cantonese interpretation. A control group (15 individuals) was not exposed to non-renditions. All three groups completed a questionnaire after the role play. The English non-rendition group rated the interpreter significantly lower than the others on impartiality, and was also the only group to comment unfavorably on the interpreter. A possible explanation is that the Cantonese speakers in this group could not follow the English non-renditions and felt excluded.

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Bahadır, Şebnem. "Moving In-Between: The Interpreter as Ethnographer and the Interpreting-Researcher as Anthropologist." Meta 49, no. 4 (January 13, 2005): 805–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009783ar.

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Abstract My starting point in this article is the community interpreter who works in social, medical and legal settings, under specific conditions, confronting very delicate ethical problems. In search of a theoretical framework that accounts for the social roles and cultural identities of the community interpreter I began to re-read the German anthropologist and conference interpreter Heinz Göhring. His articles can be positioned between German Studies (‘Deutsch als Fremdsprache‘), intercultural communication studies (including cultural anthropology) and translation studies. I start out with his view of an ideal translator/ interpreter as cultural expert acting like a “mini-ethnographer” and try to go beyond Göhring by connecting his ideas to the concept of the critical ethnographer as model for a professional community interpreter. In this theoretical discussion I want to show how a synthesis of the framework proposed by Göhring and recent anthropological theories can be used for a new professional profile of the interpreter, not only in community settings but in general. Besides aspects concerning translation/ interpreting politics, I wish to foreground that a re-thinking of interpreter roles would/ should also affect translation/ interpreting pedagogy and research.

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Martin, Anne, and María Gómez-Amich. "Ideology, positionality and war." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 23, no. 2 (July 12, 2021): 269–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00063.mar.

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Abstract The objective of this article is to explore issues of ideology in situations of interpreting in conflict zones. Research into interpreting in conflict zones is quite recent and has shed light on interesting aspects. Ideology is clearly present in war situations and may condition the interpreter’s role. This article seeks to identify examples of power relations and ideology by drawing on the narratives of five local interpreters who worked with Spanish troops stationed in Afghanistan as part of the International Security Assistance Force between 2003 and 2015. The narratives were collected using a semi-structured interview technique. The findings indicate that ideology is reflected in the interpreters’ perception of their own role as agents working for the good of their country against a common enemy, even though they were potentially perceived by both sides in the conflict as possible traitors. The traditional narrative of the interpreter as an invisible and impartial facilitator of communication would not appear to be applicable in this context.

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Rosiers, Alexandra, Evy Woumans, Wouter Duyck, and June Eyckmans. "Investigating the presumed cognitive advantage of aspiring interpreters." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 21, no. 1 (March 13, 2019): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00022.ros.

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Abstract In complex tasks such as interpreting, the importance of a well-functioning working memory can hardly be overestimated. However, empirical studies have failed to produce consistent results with regard to an interpreter advantage in working memory. Recent studies tend to focus on the executive component of working memory. To our knowledge, no such study has compared the possible cognitive advantage of aspiring interpreters relative to other multilinguals before training takes place, in spite of the fact that excellent cognitive abilities are considered important in many interpreter selection procedures. In this study, we compared the working memory capacity and executive functions of a group of 20 student interpreters with two other groups of advanced language users who were all at the start of their Master’s training. Data were collected on three executive control functions: inhibition, shifting and updating. A forward and a backward digit span task for measuring the participants’ working memory capacity was also included in this study. Results revealed only negligible differences between the three groups at onset of training. The presumed cognitive advantage of aspiring interpreters with regard to executive control was not found.

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Felberg, Tatjana Radanović, and Gry Sagli. "Training Public Service Employees in How to Communicate Via Interpreter in Norway: Achievements and Challenges." FITISPos International Journal 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/fitispos-ij.2019.6.1.194.

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Abstract: The comprehensive governmental approach to interpreting in the public sector in Norway includes interpreter accreditation, interpreter training, and the Norwegian National Register of Interpreters. In this article, we argue that training public service employees in how to communicate via interpreters should also be a crucial element to ensure quality interpreting and thus equal access to services for everyone. We analyze the training options in Norway, not as an isolated phenomenon, but in the context of the actors, relations, and systems that constitute interpreting in the public sector. The analysis consists of two main parts: 1) mapping the field of interpreting in the Norwegian public sector based on Ozolins’s (2000; 2010) model of governmental responses and the role of interpreter-user training and 2) examining the underlying dynamics of the current state, focusing on the role of the market and the connections between training interpreter-users and attitudes toward interpreting in the public sector.Resumen: La estrategia nacional noruega sobre interpretación en los servicios públicos abarca la acreditación y formación de intérpretes y el llamado Registro Nacional de Intérpretes. En este artículo defendemos la necesidad de formar también a los empleados públicos en la comunicación mediada por intérprete para garantizar la calidad de la interpretación y el acceso igualitario a estos servicios. Las opciones formativas en Noruega se analizan no como fenómenos aislados, sino en el contexto de los actores, relaciones y sistemas que conforman la interpretación social. Nuestro análisis tiene dos partes: 1) radiografía de la interpretación en los servicios públicos noruegos según el modelo de respuestas gubernamentales de Ozolins (2000; 2010) y papel de la formación de los usuarios de interpretación y 2) análisis de las dinámicas que hoy día subyacen a esta cuestión, especialmente el papel del mercado y la relación entre formación y actitud de los usuarios de interpretación en el sector público.

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Bartłomiejczyk, Magdalena. "How much noise can you make through an interpreter?" Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 22, no. 2 (March 30, 2020): 238–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00042.bar.

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Abstract The paper employs critical discourse analysis for a pragmatically-oriented exploration of several racist statements by a Polish Eurosceptic Member of the European Parliament (MEP), Janusz Korwin-Mikke. The original fragments in English or in Polish were extracted from a larger corpus containing all the plenary contributions of the MEP (2014–2018). They are compared with their interpretations into German and, respectively, either Polish or English. The qualitative analysis reveals that the approach to racist statements by interpreters is inconsistent, both across all the three language units and when the output of each is considered separately. In the analysed interpretations, there is evidence of preservation of the pragmatic effect, slight/radical mitigation, and strengthening. Slight mitigation seems to be the most popular option. The interpreters tended to tone down anthroponyms functioning as racial slurs and to omit implicit racism.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Abstract interpreter'

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