Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Absurde (Philosophie) dans la littérature'
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Quémerais, Marie-Pierre. "Existentialisme et absurde dans l'oeuvre de John Fowles." Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20023.
Full textIn John Fowles's books appears such a rich and coherent thematic network made up of concepts such as freedom, choice, responsibility, authenticity, that we almost inevitably end up questioning about the absurd existentialist dimension of the whole work. The characters are driven both by their utmost desire for constant transcendence through their own acts and by their will to assert without restraint their convictions. They try to give meaning to their lives through the behaviour they adopt and the ideas they uphold. Yet, during their quest they encounter obstacles of moral and sociocultural nature. So, they become prey to the harsh reality of the absurd. We have chosen to tackle the notions of existentialism and the absurd in John Fowles's work from the psychological, social and philosophical angles because we consider that if the analysis of the characters is to be relevant, it must incorporate key concepts drawn from these three domains. Moreover, we think that a narratological approach consisting of a study of time and space corroborate the principles of existentialism and the absurd deciphered in the course of our examination of the psychological, sociological and philosophical aspects of John Fowles's work
Rustom-Al, Hallak Pauline. "L' Insolite dans le théâtre de Schehadé : Poésie et Absurde." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30001.
Full textThe dramatic work of Georges Schehadé is part of the French theater of the fifties. The latter distinguished itself by his refusal of the classical form of the theatrical piece and by his aspiration to create new conceptions dramaturgiques. We wondered in our work on the place of the work schehadienne in this new dramaturgy and of which manner this work contributed to express the worries and the anguishes of our playwright facing the contemporary issues. Composed from six pieces: Mister Bob’le, The proverb Evening, History of Vasco, The Trip, THE Emigré of Birsbane and The Violets, this theater is crossed by two completely contradictory wills: it is a matter previously of a praise of life and expression of a lived alliance in the middle of the harmony between the man and the world thanks to the poetic word, but it is a matter in a second time To define itself in the world: a noting of the absurd one. We concluded some that this work characterizes itself by the unusual one because she refuses to give a direction sets up and leaves to feel the hesitation and the uncertainty through his contradictory aspect. The unusual one is located on all the levels, it exists in particular at the level of the theatrical illusion because it shows the theater presence in the theater, it is also in the creation of the personage and in the language usage
Crofts, Isabelle. "Nouveau roman et récit de l'absurde : essai de narratologie comparative sur les oeuvres de Claude Simon et de Roberto Drummond." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA030051.
Full textThe works of claude simon and roberto drummond, representative of the french nouveau roman and brazilian literature of the absurd, are contrasted, and the structural character of their respective fictional universes is axamined. A theoretical basis for comparative literary analysis is proposed, the evolution of the writings of drummond and simon is compared and their writings placed in the context of two complementary currents of contemporary fiction, each of which puts into question the intelligibility of the world and expresses the anxieties of occidental man in the 20th century. A detailed analysis is made of the techniques and narrative structure of two representative texts: a morte de d. J. Em paris, by roberto drummond and lecon des choses, by claude simon
KEBBOUCHE, DONAYAN ANISSA. "Le sentiment de l'absurde chez ernest hemingway." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040310.
Full textIn his early writings and especially in the torrents of spring, hemingway expressed the absurd desintegration of the world by an inarticulate language or by silences. Later he takes an other orientation : he tends towards a symbolism, a research of absolute, a sublimation of mystery in a christian sense. Man can exorcise the vacuity of existence by accepting the effort even though it is to remain vain. Hemingway rejoins albert camus and the myth of sisyphus. The continous effort of the old man takes the proportions of ethics because he olso condamns false solutions. We must imagine him happy, like sisyphus, because the absurd is no longer absurd once recognized and accepted
Chboukat, Jamal. "Ironie et absurde dans le récit bref de Juan José Arreola, Julio Cortázar et Augusto Monterroso." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA083696.
Full textMpakonikóla-Geōrgopoúlou, Chará. "L'absurde dans le théâtre d’Euripide." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040144.
Full textKunesova, Mariana. "L'absurde dans le théâtre français Dada et présurréaliste." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30010/document.
Full textThe aim of this doctoral dissertation is to analyze the absurd as an aesthetic category in French Dada and pre-surrealist theatre between 1916 and 1923, dealing with three texts : La Première aventure céleste de Monsieur Antipyrine by Tristan Tzara (1916), S’il vous plaît, by André Breton et Philippe Soupault (written in 1919) and Les Mystères de l’amour by Roger Vitrac (written in 1923).The absurd as a theatre and drama category was examined especially at the half of the last century by the British drama critic Martin Esslin, author of the conception of the ‘theatre of the absurd’, created in order to caracterize and explain the avant-garde theatre of the 1950´s. This contribution has reached both popularity and deep critics, being considered as poignant as well as imprecise and vague. Thus, this dissertation does not use M. Esslin´s propositions as its starting point, bur attempts to define the category of the absurd in drama and theatre independently. In the conclusion, it proceeds to a comparison with M. Esslin´s contribution.The first chapter of the thesis defines the absurd as an aesthetic and theatre category. Then, it observes the evolution of the aesthetic absurd (named as such or intuitive) in theatre history, before all in France of the post-classical period. The second part analyzes the absurd elements in my corpus, as regards narrative and also discursive structures
Diop, Cheikh. "De la révolte à l'engagement : essai sur l'idée de justice chez Albert Camus." Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990005197040204611&vid=upec.
Full textThis present study has for object to light up the nature and purpose of Camus's justice. The question's examination has shown the necessity to realize that first the Camus's spiritual itinerary that goes absurd to commitment to revolting. For author the existence is absurd because that put on human consciousness and world. This confrontation is the cause of metaphysical injustice. Facing the last, the human being rise up and want to justice differently this world's unite. He protests against authority's god and men. But wanting to get to absolute, this protestation become a murder and change the human being into headsman. For avoid this tyranny, Camus invites to "throught of midday". The "throught of midday" is the throught that don't just at this end, not to search for the absolute and ideal. She likes to think measured, moderate, and relative. All this determining gives back his just act because the justice is the acceptance and gratefulness of the modesty and boundary of the human conditions. There is not justice, there is only boundary
Bencze-Rovez, Ludovic. "Le Ludique et l'absurde dans la littérature du XXè siècle : Raymond Devos et Raymond Queneau." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CERG0569.
Full textThe absurd along with that of the “ludic” can no longer be confirmed to the domain of literary prose, but are in fact essential elements to twentieth-century intellectual thought at large. The literary fundamentals are based on the observation of the capacity of the absurd and the “ludic” to adapt to inherent constraints of the novelistic, theatrical and poetic. Our first section argue for a re-evaluation of that message focusing on specific writers that critics thus far have failed to appreciate as part of a distinctive “ludico-absurd” form. The second section focus on this emerging capacity based on studies of the work of R. Devos and R. Queneau, whose “ludico-absurd” rhetoric holds in common a surrealism. It remains popular as audiences are ever sensitive to the message of the “ludico-absurd”, while the latters having integrated it intellectually. The third section focus on the socio-cultural dimensions of the literature, concentrating on the position of the artist as well as that of the beholder. Ultimately, this paper look at the way in which the philosophy of the Absurd continue to elaborate and indeed herald a new relationship between the individual and the contemporary world
Rousseau, Guillaume. "L’expérience du Néant dans les oeuvres romanesques de Georges Bataille et Raymond Queneau." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040068.
Full textThis PhD work is devoted to the subject of Nothingness in the fiction works by George Bataille and Raymond Queneau. A comparative reading of those two authors is far from obvious in theory because their works are so remote from each other, from a thematic point of view as well as from a stylistic point of view. However, both authors are intent upon turning the novel, and literature in general, into a thought provoking place enabling them to face the fundamental problems of Man. It is for that reason that they address the nothingness of life, a source of anguish prone to provoke vertigo. In a first part, we will reflect upon the building of that experience of nothingness, by underlining that it derives from a frame of mind as varied as heterodox, mirroring the intellectual emulation that is a key feature of the friendship between Bataille and Queneau. In a second part, we will more specifically wonder about the interest of fiction writing to deal with the subject of nothingness, in particular in relation with philosophy. The last part focuses on the question of reading which enables to turn Nothingness inscribed in the texts into a real experience. Throughout this work, we thus show the uniqueness of a literary thinking in its problematic relation with philosophy
Choi, Yun-Joo. "Esthétique de l'absurde, éthique de la révolte : l'inquiétant et l'étrangeté dans l'oeuvre d'Albert Camus." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070047.
Full textReverse to the "roman à thèse", the constituents of which such as the events or characters may be held as a pretext to pass on a message, Camus novels seem to be resulting from a work matured in the long term on the "form" on which the elaborating process of the "sense" lies. In this work, we aim at tracing how such a creating process winds round an underlying unity which may be characterized under three themes - repetition, border line and vacuum - in order to penetrate the aesthetics of the "absurd" and the ethics of the "revolt". To this end, we first intend to assess the way in which those two notions of "absurd and revolt" were embodied in the three mythical characters Sisyphe, Don Giovanni and Prometheus as described in Camus essays : le Mythe de Sisyphe, L'Homme révolté. Thereafter we must question on the narrative structures in the novels - L'Etranger, La Peste et la Chute - to follow up the scriptural dynamics of Camus to the nearest point. Under such approach, we do believe to hear the echo of the "uncanny" a concept elaborated by Freud who, while inquiring the meaning of the feeling of anxiety raises a question which is ours : the main springs of artistic creation
Rabin, Jacques. "De l'absurde dans les romans de Muriel Spark." Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20017.
Full textMrs Spark's novels present the reader with a paradox: her stories focus on the absurdities of life, and yet many of her characters proclaim their christian - i. E. Roman catholic - beliefs. Her plots centre around the irrationality of human behaviour as men and women, apparently oblivious to their ineluctable ultimate fate, let themselves be driven by their passions. They live routine, empty lives dominated by sex in an imperfect world amidst uncomprehending, and as often as not hostile, fellow human beings. They spend much time and energy trying to avoid their fate or grappling with the problem of truth: meanwhile, the world is prey to suffering, social evils, war and death. Evil is the work of the devil acting under the guise of men, and increasingly of men alone. Indeed, at first imbued with religiosity and the uncanny, her fiction, which ranges from comedy to tragedy and even accommodates the gothic, has gradually become less christian and more absurd. Her novels reflect a deeply fractured world and stand in their unmistakable terse style as stark statements of the human condition. Art, a central theme in the novelist's work, has replaced religion as a transcendental value and as an antidote to the absurd
Taha, Adel. "La sociologie du roman, et l'evolution romanesque chez albert camus. Etude et critique litteraire de l'oeuvre." Caen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CAEN1109.
Full textMarashi, Ardian. "Les vérités d'Albert Camus." Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20066.
Full textThe very important thing for Camus was the research of verity, so well as the verity became the unifying principale of his both life and work, the center where everything turned around. The verities of Albert Camus reveal, in fact, what is substantive in the life of this autor, what is consistent in his thought and what is relevant in his art. This thread of verities permits just to keep at the center of camusian phenomenon and to redefine his work as well as his personality in the function of this essential criterion. This thesis consists in fifteen chapters, regrouped in five sections : original, metaphysical, hisorical, mythical and artistic verities : the analysis concerns the integral Camus's work : essays, fictions, theatre, in order to give an account as equitable as possible on the manner he uses to think, to write and to play. The subtle management of the polysemy of antic, biblical or original myths and parabolas, like Sisyphus, Prometheus, the Stranger, the Plague, the Fall, results in verities situated within the limits of contradiction : The Plague, for instance, is the example on how a realistic chronicle becomes a masterpiece of fiction and how the myth, encrusted in the everyday routine, reproduces and almost replaces the reality in its very depths and diversities dimensions. Before all, Camus was an artist of the language and our first preoccupation was to elucidate by which methods and especially by which techniques and proceedings of style him becomes the writer of reference that we know
Kasongo, Mbuyu Joseph. "Le paradoxe "vitalogique" comme source et horizon de la pensée philosophique en rapport à l'homme chez Albert Camus." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211144.
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Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation philosophie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bastian, Aeneas. "Le mythe littéraire de Sisyphe." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040020.
Full textThis thesis aims at studying the myth of Sisyphus in European and American literature. Adopting a comparative approach, the thesis retraces its chronological evolution from its origins in Homeric poetry to the present day. The investigation of the numerous versions of the myth sheds light on its development throughout the ages and gives an account of its principal constant and varying elements. The thesis analyses the foundation of the myth in Greek and Latin literature as well as its reinterpretations since the Middle Ages, especially in the nineteenth and in the twentieth century. This study shows the fertility and the adaptability of the myth of Sisyphus, a person considered to be crafty and immoderate in ancient literature. The punished serves as a term of comparison in a diversity of contexts: he represents the suffering of the unfortunate lover, the vanity of ambition and the futility of certain types of labour. Linked to the absurd by Albert Camus, the myth is frequently politicised in the second half of the twentieth century
Salazar-Ferrer, Olivier. "La révolte existentielle dans l'œuvre française de Benjamin Fondane." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA084182.
Full textVoutsadaki, Antonia. "L'absurde d'albert camus et le cineaste grec takis kanellopoulos." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070104.
Full textWu, Yafei. "La réception en Chine du sentiment de l'absurde dans le théâtre d'Eugène Ionesco." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3027.
Full textThe reception of Eugène Ionesco's theatre in China has witnessed several different periods since the 1960s. This thesis involves researching the reception from three principal forms: the critique, the staging, the Chinese dramatic creation under his influence. The study is begun from a recurring reflection in reception of 'the other' and constitution of 'the self'. The Chinese traditional and modern conception of 'the other' influence always the perception of heterogeneous cultures, while her evolution since the foundation of People's Republic of China has a profound effect on reception of occidental art and literature. From critique to consecration, the interpretation of Ionesco's theatre passed by the process of rejection, refusal, distinction and identification of 'the other'. Due to an incomplete lecture, it is focused on several key words and preconceived ideas, although his political conscience remains a 'blind point'. The practice scenic of Ionesco' theatre experienced two condensed periods. These creations which are not numerous convey already the particularities of 'sinicization' and the will to construct the Chinese own cultural identity. As for the Chinese dramatic creation, the appearance of the Chinese theatre of the absurd seems to attain the equilibrium in the wobble between two poles which are borrowing from 'the other' and return to 'the self'. Instead of referring to the whole occidental theatre of the absurd, but to Ionesco's theatre, this theatre demonstrates the similitude.The reception of Ionesco's theatre, a specific case of reception of the other's culture, retraces also the way of the cultural identity's re-establishment in contemporary China
Tokarev, Dimitri. "Le phénomène de la littérature de l'absurde en France et en Russie au 20eme siècle : Samuel Beckett et Daniil Harms." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10070.
Full textAmir, Amal. "La poétique de l'Absurde dans le théâtre de Jean Tardieu." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040025.
Full textThe poetic of absurd in the theatre of Jean Tardieu. Our study comprises three parts, each part contains two chapters. The first part entitled : l'absurde through the language of Jean Tardieu, tries to determine the objectif essence of its writing, they used tools and the processes of the absurd language, which is borrowed from the other absurd playwrights as well as the new processes of written, and of theatrical speech. The second part is the study of relationship between the language of Tardieu and its character. The absurd does it emanate of the character or of the language ? It is shown that the language is the pivot in absurdity of its theatre : this nonsense the language plays a part in the communication of subjectivity of Tardieu, the way it puts together or keeps it away from the linguist. What's influence exerts on the possibility of translating and the variety of the possible translations of its theatrical text
Banes, Gardonne Marie-Stéphanie de. "La voix intimiste d'un poète de la terre." Bordeaux 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR30054.
Full textJoseph Rouffanche was born in 1922, French teacher in 1961 and doctor in French literature in 1985, his poetry deals with the great elements of the literature and modern poetry in France : childhodd, the passion for the nature, the time and its own fate, the feeling of unfairness, feeling the life and the boarding school's experience like the most terrifying jail. Carrying on the Jean Follain's poetry in a certain way, Joseph Rouffanche finds his own answers to the strange and persistent questions which any man is confronted with one time, at least, in his life. With nostalgia and the most deep feeling of love for the disappeared childhood's world, Joseph Rouffanche sings the deep mystery of his world which focus on him writing and writing again
Shimada, Kaoru. "Absurdité, théâtralité, fictionnalité: essai sur le texte de théâtre : l'écriture théâtrale d'Albert Camus." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040006.
Full textHow can we read the theatre works of Albert Camus, as he wished them to be read, from a purely aesthetic angle, without reducing them to the demonstration of the thesis expressed in his philosophical essays? In the current context of aesthetics and poetics, this question is inseparable from another question: what is the theatricality of theatre and theatrical text? The case of Camus reveals some specific features of the theatrical text that appear to point towards its fictionality. However, theatricality is not synonymous with fictionality, although these notions are both closely connected with absurdity. Absurdity, which is to be found in the fundamental principle of communication, allows us to recognize both theatricality and fictionality. In the case of Camus's theatre, which exemplifies more than it represents absurdity, the aesthetic experience of the reader-spectator consists above all in grasping the full meaning of the distance that separates the artistic intention and the works that realize it
Al-Ibadi, Khudhair Abbas Mathi. "L'intertextualité avec les textes religieux dans l'oeuvre d'Albert Camus." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON30016.
Full textThis thesis deals with the occurrence of the religious texts in the works of Albert Camus. The point is to find out the different aspects of intertextuality embodied in the novels and the philosophical essays of the author. The thesis is organized around two axis. The first one has to do with the biblical intertext that is found in the texts of Camus. In fact, this process is done by the direct borrowing from the religious register. The second axis deals with the occurrence of the religious intertext linked to some previous and contemporary authors-philosophers : Saint Augustin, Pascal, Kierkegaard, Dostoïevski, Nietzsche or Heidegger. As a matter of fact, the intertextuality appears in the works of Camus in an explicit way or an implicit one. The thesis focuses, at each step, on the intertextual techniques that are used by Camus, on the role played by the intertext in the analysis of the camusian text, on the effect of the intertext on the reader and who is aware of the perception of the work. To conclude, this work shows the systematic implication of Camus’s masterpieces in a progressive intertextual process. It starts by the use of a simple form of commentary to a most complex form of intertextuality which becomes the framework of Albert Camus’s works
Audin, Marie-Louise. "Pour une sémiotique du "Mythe de Sisyphe" de Camus : Thèmes et métaphores au service de l'absurde." Nancy 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NAN21012.
Full textHosseini, Peiman. "La nostalgie d'un idéal religieux : Albert Camus et Sadegh Hedâyat." Limoges, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIMO2004.
Full textIto, Tadashi. "Le temps dans les essais d'Albert Camus." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030063.
Full textTo this day, there have been written numerous and remarkable studies which analyze the literary, philosophical, journalistic, and epistolary texts of Albert Camus from diverse perspectives : stylistic, narratological, linguistic, psychoanalytical, symbolic, thematic, biographical, intertextual, sociological, political, esthetic, ethical, philosophical, among others. Rare are studies which examine the idea and the image of time as conceived by this 20th century French writer, as evidenced in his philosophical-literary essays. Camus considers the conception of time by associating it with the circular movement of the Mediterranean world, beautiful and eternal, and that of the cosmos (Betwixt and Between, Nuptials), with the functioning of the human conscience which hopes, remembers, rebels (The Myth of Sisyphus), or with the course of both human and European history (The Rebel). By studying the complete works of Camus, especially, the following four essays—Betwixt and Between, Nuptipals, The Myth of Sysiphus, and The Rebel— our thesis aims to study three temporal notions which have not received sufficient critical attention: eternity, triple temporality (past, present, and future), and historical time
Tremblay, Frédéric. "La machine dodue, création littéraire suivie d'une analyse portant sur la littérature absurde /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2002. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textCorbic, Arnaud. "Les fondements d'une philosophie de l'homme sans Dieu dans l'oeuvre d'Albert Camus." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010547.
Full textArtous-Bouvet, Guillaume. "Statut de la littérature dans le discours philosophique français après 1950." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/133291286#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThis academic thesis concerns French philosophical discourses of the second half of the twentieth century. Among the essential features of these discourses is the constant concern with literature. Such a concern had two main consequences: in the first place, redefining the philosophical concept of literature; in the second place, affecting in return the style of these philosophical discourses. Such a redefinition of the mere concept of literature is drastic: literature is no more to be thought as expression or representation. It is, above all, language: the autonomous power of a play upon meanings, strictly remote from all others discourses. This redefinition put literature at a certain limit of knowledge: literature appears from now on as an outside object, according to the traditional criteria of philosophical knowledge. Dealing with this specific object, the philosophical discourses begin to wonder about their intercourse with the very act of writing. It is the birth of a French philosophical style, coined by authors of notable formal invention abilities - namely Jacques Derrida or Jean-François Lyotard. Philosophy is no more the simple commentary of literature; it has turned into inscription, imitation, and creation. Thereby, philosophy becomes a literary philosophy. With literature, knowledge is transcended - but literature still carries a truth, although it is not the philosophical truth. It is the truth which philosophy can not deliver: the truth about life
Polloli, François. "Dimension de l'absurde dans les musiques de György Ligeti et de György Kurtág /." Saint-Denis : U.F.R. Arts-Philosophie-Esthétique, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40029721z.
Full textAqelsaravani, Zahra. "L'homme, l'humain et l'humanisme dans les oeuvres d'Albert Camus." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30032.
Full textAlbert Camus himself distinguished three phases in his work: that of the absurd (awareness of non-meaning of life led Camus to the idea that man is ‘’ free to live without appeal’’, take a risk to pay the consciences of his errors and must exhaust the joys of this earth. Life accepts the non-sense of the world and finds happiness in even the absurd. Camus says that the absurd is not in man nor in the world, but in their common presences, in their ‘’ confrontation’’ and defines it as ‘’ indifference to the future and the passion to exhaust all that is given’’), that of the revolt: (revolt is considered by him as the only tenable position to face the absurd. It appears with the freedom and passion, as a valid solution and capable of ensuring justice. It alone can assure emotional action capable of overcoming unproductiveness and anxiety created by the absurd), that of the love (Camus meant here the love of man as he is, with its forces and intelligence as well as its limitations and weaknesses. Camus expresses his affection and solidarity towards man. This is not only a classical humanism which expresses itself, not just a moral position, but the position of a sensitive man. Camus still tries to approach these ‘’ few things’’ this ‘’obscure part’’ which is in every man, and himself in particular. This study examines the remarkable prose of Camus that concerns the issue of man, who progresses and changes over the years; attachment to the service of justice, relating to man whose idea is not separable from that of happiness; adherence to human and humanist ethics which are pushing the human mind to perfection. His art is not ‘’ a solitary joy’’. Camus formulates his expectation from man because art is the way of expression of communion between people
Ndong, Ntoutoume Alain. "La poétique de l'incertitude dans l'œuvre romanesque d'Ahmadou Kourouma." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR2016/document.
Full textThe dissertation examines four novels by Amadou Kourouma through the perspective of uncertainty. It analyses the connections between texts and the ruling discourses at the foundation of ontological insecurity and values confusion. It also tackles narrative and temporal representation of uncertainty in Kourouma's novelistic style, underlying the difficulty to fathom discourse and its confused form. Finally, the work highlights the notions of absurdity, disenchantement and postcolonial nausea dealing with the concept of bastardy, which symbolizes anguish and unefficiency in the african being facing the tragedies of history
Helberi, Mirela. "Aliénation et absurde dans le "nouveau théâtre" : eugène Ionesco, Samuel Beckett, Arthur Adamov." Thesis, Artois, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ARTO0003/document.
Full textHaving lived through the tremendous disasters of the two world wars, three playwrights from different cultural backgrounds with different views, Eugene Ionesco the Romanian, Samuel Beckett the Irish and Arthur Adamov the Armenian opened up a new way in the 1950’s theatrical scenery, by expressing their feeling of alienation in an incomprehensible and irrational orld where human beings live the incurable experience of the Absurd. Exposing, each one in his particular manner, the condition of the human being thrown into the abyss of life, condemned to a meaningless existence which leads inevitably to strangement, the three playwrights are also building a “new”, metaphysical, symbolic and allegorical theatre, based on old raditional aesthetic and artistic procedures, yet serving a modern philosophical approach, profoundly related to existentialism. The interpretative hypothesis of this new allegorical theatre questions human life as a possible act of liberty tested in its confrontation with the feelings of alienation and absurd, capable of enlightening it by giving it meaning, throughout the analysis of each and every one of its successive strata: the philosophical and dramatic basis, the perception of the theatrical space, unveiling estranged human beings using distorted speech, presented in a devastated duration by the means of primary urges
Puccini-Delbey, Géraldine. "Amour et désir dans les Métamorphoses d'Apulée : réalités, poétique, philosophie." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040231.
Full textLove, as the subject of the most of the inserted tales, may be a key to understand the global sense of the roman. Apuleius provides a moral reflexion on the human love, essentially based on insatiable desire and condemned to failure and seems at the same time to propose a solution that conciliates platonism with isiac syncretism
Diop, Alioune. "L'imaginaire animalier dans la littérature arabe." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040180.
Full textAbdeljaouad, Firyel. "Les figures de l'autre dans l'oeuvre de romain gary et emile ajar ou comment le vif saisit le mort." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030034.
Full textKim, Sun Nyeo. "Tomi Ungerer ˸ l'oeil et l'oeuvre. Poétique des albums d'un raconteur double." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA089/document.
Full textTo spread peace in the world, Tomi Ungerer tells his personal and impersonal myths, such as Janus. During his childhood, he was traumatized by the Second World War and also brainwashed by the Nazis: he has thus witnessed History. In this research, we study his provocative and awakening art through the albums he made for children. The rebellious artist armed himself with his “T”, his graphic and identity ax, in order to oppose his new fable to a society he regards as absurd. In its telling-editing, the poetics of the “O” symbolizes a perfect and cosmological form, but also an infinite repetitive, whirling rhythm. This poetics concerns form, movement, observation, voice, but also depth, with a fair and plural voice the “I” of identities and History vocally pluralizes. Thus, the letters of his first name would reflect the poetics of the picture books of Tomi Ungerer, the double storyteller, since his picture books are not only intended for the children but also constitute a major work of literature
세계의 평화를 건설하기 위해, 토미 웅게러는 야누스 신처럼 개인적인 동시에 보편적인 신화를 이야기한다. 어린시절, 그는 제 2차세계대전에 충격을 받았고 나치의 정권 아래 학교 교육을 받는다. 그때부터 그는 역사의 증언자이다. 그러므로 본 연구는 그의 선동 예술과 그가 들려주는 그림책을 분석한다. 강요된 복종을 거부하는 이야기꾼 웅게러는 부조리한 사회를 반대하는 새로운 우화를 이야기 하기 위해 그래픽과 정체성을 나타내는 도끼를 상징하는 그의 이름 Tomi의 이니셜 ‘T’는 예술적 힘을 상징한다. 그는 ‘이야기 합성’ 안에서 완벽하고 우주적인 형태와 영원히 반복적이고 소용돌이같은 리듬으로 ‘O’ 시학을 이야기 한다. 이는 ‘달의 시학’이자 ‘시간의 시학’이다. 이 시학은 형태, 운동( mouvement), 관찰, 목소리, 공(vacuité) 과 동시에 끊임없이 변화(metamorphoses) 를 상징하는 ‘M’의 리듬이다. 이는 삶과 모두가 평화롭게 살기 위한 멜로디와 리듬이다. ‘이야기 합성’은 유머와 웃음의 간결한 문체의 메커니즘과 그림을 통한 음악적, 테마적 오브제들의 함축적 요소들은, 정체성( identité)과 다중적 목소리 이야기의 ‘I’로서 간결함과 다중적인 깊은 의미가 축적되어 있다. 그러므로 작가의 이름을 상징하는 알파벳 문자는 토미 웅게러의 ‘존재적 시학’을 상징하며, 그림책이 단지 어린이 전용이 아닌 문학 전반의 작품성을 구성하는 그림과 글로서의 종합적 예술장르의 가치를 가지며, 그림책 작가는 그래픽언어와 텍스트언어의 경계를 넘나드는 이중(겹)으로 표현하는 이야기꾼이다
Bourgne, Florence. "Écriture et philosophie dans le "Troilus" de Chaucer." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040227.
Full textChaucer's Troilus seethes with allusions to Boethius' Consolatio, translated simultaneously. Contemporaries praised Chaucer's qualities as a translator, and called him a philosopher. This must be set against the backdrop of medieval philosophy, its width and its oral teaching, which promotes figures of authorities whose works are commented upon. The glosses in the Troilus manuscripts are summary notes, dialogical marks or genealogical and mythological notations, inkeeping with school commentaries. Boece's influence on Troilus is mostly structural, yet the interpolating of boethian elements entails a new re-writing mode, to be examined in the light of the nominalist realist debates (Chaucer was friends with a former oxonian logician). This intrusion of philosophy in the realm of writing submits literature to orality, although literature is seeking its independence. The translating technique used by Chaucer in Troilus and his coining policy make him part and parcel of the Tanslatio Studii movement, which upholds vernaculary languages. Chaucer is eager to establish a canon of his works, as were Dante or Machaut. Yet, Troilus' narrator poses as a monk, and references to books are unable to counter orality's supremacy over literacy
Masseran, Anne. "Sciences, femmes, littérature : étude de la dissociation de la science et de la littérature dans les écrits de Diderot, Rousseau et Goethe." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR13167.
Full textThis study aims at a refined understanding of the process of dissociation of science and literature in the second half of the eighteenth century. This period seems revealing with regard to the establishment of new principles ordering the available knowledge. These changes finally led to our modern conception of links or disruptions between science and literature. However, it is also the moment for another major change closely interconnected with the first one the woman copy of the man or radically different, human being conceived as similar to the man while being simultaneously represented as the complete opposite was attracting the researcher's attention. Yet, with the act of scientific construction (fiction) the multifaceted aspects of women's lives (which had before been integral part of their representation) gradually vanished from the scientific sphere. The historic, heroic and symbolic aspects of her life will be more and more confined to the literature. Thus, the line separating science from literature finds it manifestation precisely in the different discourses dealing with the boundary-object "woman". In order to shed light on the dissociation process of science and literature with regard to the representation of women we chose to use the work of three authors: diderot, rousseau and goethe. Departing from their writings we also investigated closely the ideas put forward by scientists working at that period on similar issues such as buffon, maupertuis, bordeu, bergmann and others. The scientific, philosophical and ideological background for our study was constituted by l'encyclopedie edited by diderot et d'alembert (1751/1765) and l'encyclopedie methodique (1782/1832)
Muckensturm-Poulle, Claire. "Les gymnosophistes dans la littérature grecque de l'époque impériale." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100156.
Full textYamazaki, Atsushi. "Bouvard et Pécuchet, le roman philosophique : classification, magnétisme, philosophie." Thesis, Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080050.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to investigate the unfinished work of Gustave Flaubert, Bouvard and Pécuchet, focusing on its own triple dimensions : encyclopedic, critical and comic, in order to reveal the philosophical meaning of this novel.The first part of this paper highlights the method how Bouvard and Pécuchet approach knowledge, and analyzes two models of their learning : the usage of signs and the classification. How to classify plants, animals, men ? This is the question to annoy them all the time during their encyclopedic journey. The question remains even in the Copy.The second part of the paper is devoted to the analysis of the episode of animal magnetism in chapter VIII of the novel. The general structure of the episode is based on the immense corpus of magnetism (Mesmer, Puységur). The theories and practices of the two magnetizers are full of epistemological implications, as long as each of their theories and practices refers to a certain moment of the history of magnetism. In order to clarify those implications, the “Mysticism-Magnetism” file must be explored. In other words, the purpose of the second part is to make this novel restore an epistemological scheme.The third part of the paper firstly discusses the epistemological scenario that closely links two episodes of chapter VIII, and secondly explores the “Philosophy” file. To the philosophical library in this novel, various philosophers such as Descartes, Cousin, Hegel, Spinoza and Montaigne are summoned. How did the novelist generate a narrative fiction from metaphysical questions such as final causes, free will and criterion of truth ? This is the main question studied in the third part
Rouan, Michel. "Le langage et son dehors dans la littérature contemporaine." Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20066.
Full textFirst part. Starting from the werks of jean paulhan, we study the impossiblility to isolate the two terms of the linguistic sign, the singifier and the signified, we reject the idea that there could be a stratun or a rhetoric avant in language, and theorefore a stratum of the proper. Language is not divisible in identities. Second part. In the works of blanchot, we dispute the possibility that language could be outside or separated from the world. This time we refuse the idea that the reference is sufficient to account for the connection between language and the world, and therefore the possibility that thore could be, through this language which is supposed without any refrence, a language that would out of totality, third part. It is not necessary to suppose, as derrida does, that language is a pure form, inaudible and invisible, and so as to show its aporia we study the double position of nothingness, which is at the core of the logic of hegel. La conclusion, if language is paradoxically inaudible and invisible, it is so for reasons different form those given by derrida: it is exactly like any event, neither more, nor different
Vincent, Manon. "Les animaux dans la littérature hellénistique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040225.
Full textOur study focuses on animals in Hellenistic literature. We deliberately chose to work on a large text corpus in order to highlight the multiple representations of the animal appearing in the texts of the period. The first part of this study is devoted to animal imagery through which the authors describe the characters and human qualities, exposing, to a lesser extent, the analogue relationship between animals. The second part aims to show existing relationships, symbolic or real, between man and animal. The staging of the animals in the story reflects thepractices and ways of thinking of the Hellenistic society towards the animal. The last part of this study presents the attempts to objectify the behaviours and qualities of the animal. In that sense, it shows the rise of philosophical schools and sciences of the period by the philosophical and didactic approach to animal nature. In texts, Hellenistic thought reveals the continual tension between belief and knowledge, between cultural representations and "scientific data" of the animal. If the authors conceive man as belonging to the animal biological continuum, they stand out by the assertion of their superiority in an intellective perspective
Daney, de Marcillac Marie. "Le nom Ulysse dans les textes philosophiques occidentaux depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083391.
Full textThis dissertation is a cartography of the name Ulysses in various philosophical texts of Western post-1945 tradition, built around a common reference to Ulysses. It offers an alternative reading of philosophical texts, which is not set on a philosophical hermeneutics, but focuses rather upon a hermeneutics that tries to determine the textual variants of Ulysses and their interpretations. This hermeneutics highlights the existence of a unique moment in the memory of Ulysses as corpus, which is demonstrated as a new version of the myth of Ulysses. The present interest in the figure of Ulysses proceeds from its capacity to trouble the border between various disciplines, especially that which divides philosophical and literary traditions. A study of the areas of textual interbreeding between philosophical texts and literary intertexts of Ulysses, the Odyssey and the literary tradition of its rewritings, the revelation of the character of Ulysses' intelligence in the philosophical texts as well as its figural dimension, demonstrate that Ulysses is in fact the alibi of philosophy. As non-disciplinary figure, his role serves to establish an opening towards that which lies beyond the philosophical texts in which he appears
Passavanti, Sandro. "Délire et pathologie de la perception dans l’Antiquité classique : Littérature, philosophie, médecine." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP067.
Full text«The Greeks and Romans did not analyze the trouble of mind deeply enough to give a common denomination to a kind of its symptoms, as relevant as they may be. They surely observed and knew hallucinations, of which we are talking about. But they did not recollect them under a general definition». This was the opinion of the French physician L.-F. Lélut (L’amulette de Pascal, 1846), a statement which clearly reflects the opinion of scientists of his time about ancient analysis of psychopathological sensory alterations. Exception made for a positivistic interest, aiming at recognizing psychiatric categories in some pathological phenomena depicted in classical literature, no general study has ever been devoted to the relationship between cognitive alterations and pathological disorders of perception. This research intends to address such shortcoming through a long-term investigation of classical texts, by taking into account this cluster of pathological experiences, from Pre-Socratic physiology to the medical treatises of Late Antiquity. This work is structured in three sections: first, a methodological introduction and an analysis of the current state of art leads to an inquiry on Hippocratic texts about cognitive and sensory alterations (5th- 4th centuries BC). A comparison between medical literature and theatrical episodes of visionary madness reveals the chronological and speculative priority of Euripidean representations of morbid visions as deceptive phenomena, in opposition to the archaic image of the visionary as ‘master of truth’. The second part of the thesis focuses on the history of philosophical thought about troubles of perception, from Alcmæon to Epictetus, through the twofold lens of physiology of perception and epistemology. By refusing the Pre-Socratic materialistic model, Plato and Aristotle openly formulated the problem of distorted perceptions of madness in terms of truth and falsehood and physiological explicability, in order to push back sophistic and relativistic arguments. The development of Hellenistic Stoic/Academic debates originated from an analogous opposition between dogmatic conceptions – resting upon a ‘pre-established harmony’ between men and their objects of knowledge – and, on the other side, skeptical objections about the supposed indiscernibility of sane and mad perceptions. The core of this debate, which lasted until the end of the Platonic Academy in the 1st century BC, was perpetuated by the Middle Stoicism and then received by the subsequent medical tradition: in the third section, particular attention is devoted to the treatises written by Celsus, Aretæaus of Cappadocia, Asclepiades, Galen, Cælius Aurelianus, in which the Hellenistic philosophical heritage grafted on to the earlier clinical and pharmacological traditions. This turning point represents the very foundation of every medical consideration about sensory disorders until the end of Classical Antiquity
Teodoro, Noe͏̈l. "Le réalisme dans les littératures d'Indonésie et des Philippines : comparaison entre Pramoedya Ananta Toer et Amado Hernandez." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0320.
Full textThe social histories of the literary traditions of the malay world, studied and analyzed from the comparative point of view, has yet to be undertaken. The present doctoral dissertation takes up a limited but an extremely important aspect of this area of research: the realist tradition in indonesian and philippine literatures with particular emphasis on the literary works of two contemporary and committed writers of the region: pramoedya ananta toer (1925 - ) of indonesian nationality and amado hernandez (1903-1970) of filipino nationality, with the end in view of bringing out the numerous intersting parallels or comparisons between the historical settings, the social contexts they describe and analyze. The goal or the raison d'etre of this comparative study is to present a number of significant "documentary sources" relating to the intellectual and social histories of island southeast asia
Ouriachi, Katia. "Si la philosophie m’était contée : figures de philosophes dans les fictions narratives contemporaines." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL168.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the renegotiation of the relationship between literature and philosophy in narrative fiction at the turn of the 20th and 19th centuries, through the representation of philosophical figures. These figures, which the author sees as objects of value, reveal a claim to the cognitive scope of fiction and the proximity of novelistic thought to philosophical discourse. In the 20th century, the philosopher was the foil of the artist, the thought of the novel took shape against him, manifesting itself in fictional essays. Today, while philosophy is increasingly staged and valorized within fiction, theoretical developments in fiction are rarer. Fiction thus asserts that its own regime of veracity lies in its capacity to imagine. Staging philosophers allows to articulate living and thinking. By emphasizing the story of the philosopher's life and actions, fictional narrative brings philosophical thought down into the realm of sensible experience, and puts it to the test. Literature is often presented as the place where discourses of knowledge come undone. But contemporary texts are part of a form of thought that is enriched by its proximity to philosophy. A dynamic relationship between philosophical discourse and the thinking of the novel is emerging. Where the novel of the previous century thought against philosophy, today's novel thinks with philosophy. Renewing the dialogue with philosophy, the narrative renews its own aesthetic. Contemporary authors are forging original narrative forms to tell the story of philosophy, rather than to expound it
Courtinat, Nicolas. "Philosophie, histoire et imaginaire dans le Voyage en Orient" de Lamartine." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF20012.
Full textPrunet, Anne Gwenn Marie. "Victor Segalen, Alain Daniélou, Michel Leiris, Nicolas Bouvier : poétiques du voyage au XXeme siècle." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA083326.
Full textHow to describe traveling on the 20th century? The genre of travel story implies a fundamental paradox: it lies between the expression of a necessary subjectivity and a reference anchoring, which highlights during the century which witnesses the questioning of the definition of the subject. Consequently, a travel work emerges and expresses the need to instill beyond the criteria which have been defining the genre of traveling until now. These four authors contribute to this questioning as well as a remodeling of the constants of the genre of traveling, while expressing in a dialectical way: between native land and the target countries; between oneself and the other. They also propose some patterns consistent with the poetics of traveling: archaism, closed spaces, incompleteness, death – reexamining the concepts of time and space, which influence the structure of the works as well as the language in use