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1
Adama-Ajonye, Onyanta. "Governing from above : solid waste management in Nigeria's new capital city of Abuja /." Stockholm : Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis (AUS) : Almqvist & Wiksell International [distributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6845.
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Ukoha, Onyekwere M. "Satisfaction with public housing : the case of Abuja, Nigeria /." Diss., This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-155306/.
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Ebo, Ifeoma Nkemdilim. "City design and social exclusion : Abuja, Nigeria in review." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37664.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62).
This thesis investigation explores the relationship between city design and social exclusion, and more specifically, how modernist principles of urban design and development policy have contributed to social exclusion in Abuja - the capital city of Nigeria. This study is facilitated through reading the city and its unique and common characteristics. Based on my experiences in the city over a three month period, I use my understanding of urban development, and relevant documents to examine the nature of exclusion in the Abuja plan and process of development. Front the results of this analysis the presence of exclusion in Abuja is enhanced by the use of colonial policies and selective use of modernist planning/processes of development. Furthermore, the relationship between social exclusion and city design in Abuja is the continuation of a legacy of colonial urban development and divisive urban form in traditional Nigerian cities.
by Ifeoma N. Ebo.
M.C.P.
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Aliyu, Ramatu. "Designing for sustainable communities : the Abuja Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/13115.
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The planned Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria - Abuja is the context of this research. Abuja was conceived and conceptualised under a Master Plan designed by Kenzo Tange and Utec to replace Lagos as the new Capital City for the Federal Republic of Nigeria in 1977. This came about because of the unstructured and unplanned facilities characteristically evident in buildings, communities and some critical infrastructure in Lagos. These have combined, with the rapid rates of urbanisation, and relative to lack of supporting infrastructure and services, to render Lagos as one of the most overcrowded and dysfunctional cities in the world. Housing shortages, urban sprawl, traffic congestion, overburdened and dilapidating physical infrastructures and services, and poor quality environment have become the defining characteristics of Lagos. These were the issues that forced the idea of relocating the Capital City elsewhere in the country that resulted in Abuja’s selection as the New Capital City for Nigeria in 1977. Kenzo Tange Associates, an authority in urban design was appointed that resulted in a Master Plan to guide the development of the new city. The resultant Master Plan was designed with the specific peculiarities of Lagos in mind to avoid reoccurrence, although, the concept of environmental sustainability and development was not the preoccupation of urban design and planning in the 1970s, Abuja Master Plan incorporated the concepts, principles, and practice of sustainable development today. Nevertheless, the implementation of the Abuja Master Plan has drawn consternation from built environment professionals. Anecdotal evidences exist to suggest that Abuja is rapidly incubating all the urban problems experienced in Lagos in the 1970s. Sequel to the above therefore, this thesis aims to develop a conceptual framework that will enable Abuja develop into a 21st century functional and resilient City of sustainable communities. The view pushed in this thesis is that not only does sustainable approach to design, implementation and management of urban communities holds huge capacity for bridging urban inequalities and prudent resource management; it holds the key to the survival of cities. The main aim of the research; to produce a conceptual framework to guide the development of Abuja Capital Territory into a 21st Century City of Sustainable Communities. To accomplish this aim, a mixed method of research methodology has been used for data gathering, an approach informed by the epistemological and ontological positioning of the researcher. Data obtained were analysed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSSx) and the results resulted in a conceptual model illustrating ‘the road map’ to sustainable community development approach to Abuja in becoming a 21st century sustainable city. The study has successfully highlighted and resolved key issues centred around the sustainability of Abuja. It has also answered fundamental questions of whether Abuja can, and how it can develop into a 21st Century City of Sustainable Communities. Therefore, it is expected that the conceptual framework which is the outcome of this research becomes a reference manual to both urban decision makers, built environment professionals, and other stakeholders in planning the development of Abuja Capital Territory into a 21st Century City of Sustainable Communities.
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Ikomi, Emmanuel Oritsejolomi. "Implementation of Abuja II accord and post-conflict security in Liberia." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Jun%5FIkomi.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Stabilization And Reconstruction))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): Letitia Lawson. "June 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-79). Also available in print.
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Eze, Patience. "Chronic Kidney Disease Awareness and Quality of Care in Abuja Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4054.
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a non-communicable progressive disease that can lead to kidney failure or end-stage renal disease. In Nigeria, many people do not have access to health care due to extreme poverty, which means that those suffering from diabetes or high blood pressure, or both diseases, which have been identified as the 2 main risk factors, may not know their health status. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the level of CKD awareness among Nigerians and if cultural beliefs affect individuals' health seeking behaviors because of the diverse nature of the Nigerian population. The protection motivation theory provided the framework for the study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 14 participants, and data analysis included traditional coding. Findings indicated that CKD awareness in Nigeria is low. The social change implication is that the findings may be used to increase awareness of the CKD mortality and morbidity rate in Nigeria to facilitate the development and implementation of health policies that could lower the morbidity and mortality rate of CKD.
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Jibir, Sani Dukku. "The social and cultural implications of public housing provision in Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1988. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21309.
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On 4 February 1976 the Federal Military Government of Nigeria promulgated Decree No. 6, initiating the removal of the national capital from Lagos to Abuja. Thus Nigeria followed Brazil, Botswana, Malawi, Pakistan, and Tanzania to become the most recent developing country to arrange for a transfer of its centre of government. Abuja is now a city of 60,000 people where the citizens experience considerable crowding especially in public housing estates. Occupancy rates of three people per room are now the norm. Recent setbacks in oil revenues and soaring trade deficits have slowed down the overall construction programme of the Federal Capital and have led to a lack of new houses to relieve the growing congestion. The water and sanitation services can be seen to be severely overused especially in areas outside Phase One and there is an evident need for urgent action in housing supply. Policies developed by John Turner and others, and adopted by International Agencies, have been used in some African cities to secure substantial increases in housing stock through self-help both for new building and for improvement of existing housing environments. Through an examination of traditional Hausa culture, which can be seen to have survived almost intact to the present day, it was found that most of the assumptions which underlie such policies as slum upgrading and site and services are absent from, or in conflict with, Hausa culture. An advocative strategy has been developed which attempts to avoid the problems imposed by the sacral nature of housing and to benefit from the resources which are present in the culture and in the present characteristics of Abuja. It is aimed at providing a hospitable environment in which the more prosperous low-income households will be encouraged to build houses for themselves and some tenants. The existing Local Government Authorities in the Federal Capital Territory would be involved in planning and implementation, the economic potential of rental housing would be restored and the building of compounds in traditional materials would be encouraged.
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Umoh, Nse (Nseabasi Effiong). "Exploring the enabling approach to housing through the Abuja Mass Housing Scheme." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73831.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-69).
The magnitude of the housing problem in Nigeria is immense; the current deficit is around 12 to 16 million units. Government attempts to address housing availability has been a recurring theme throughout Nigeria's history. Yet, many government led interventions of direct provision have been unable to significantly impact access to and supply of housing for low and moderate income populations. While messy political realities are acknowledged as contributing to the failure of many of these past housing programs, the analysis of the necessary solutions are more focused on financial and property rights institutions, the broad economic environment and physical capital. Articulating the solutions to the challenges around housing production and access in Nigeria in this way, has led to the embrace and official endorsement of the "enabling" framework, which advances private sector participation in the housing market through prioritizing the aforementioned "necessary solutions," as critical to solving Nigeria's housing access issues. This thesis explores the "enabling" approach to housing by investigating one particular program in Nigeria, the Abuja Mass Housing Scheme (MHS). On paper, the MHS seems to adopt this framework as a mechanism for strengthening housing supply and demand in Abuja, Nigeria. This thesis explores the challenges that have been encountered in the MHS with a particular emphasis on understanding why the "enabling" framework as implemented in this case has not worked? The sub-questions include: What might the application of the enabling framework for housing in the Abuja MHS suggest about the challenges of the approach? What is required to actually make "enabling" work in a context like Nigeria? This thesis tries to answer these questions through applying a historical exploration of why and how Abuja was created and an analysis of the land institutions that deeply impact the housing development process in Abuja to an investigation of the MHS. The analysis of the MHS suggests that applications of the "enabling" framework need to aggressively consider the political realities on the ground in order to have any chance at working. This thesis argues that the "enabling" literature seems to have overemphasized market functions to the exclusion of politics, governance and accountability and that if politics are not considered in the framing or embrace of the "enabling approach" the intended impact of the framework cannot be successfully achieved. Moreover, it argues that the attempts to implement an "enabling approach" ought to be grounded in a deep analysis of which actors are being enabled and the potential unintended consequences of this.
by Nse Umoh.
M.C.P.
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Ogunsola, S. A. "Social sustainability : guidelines for urban development and practice in Abuja City, Nigeria." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2016. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/30381/.
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This thesis presents an explorative study of sustainable urban development practice in Nigeria's capital city, Abuja. The attainment of sustainable development has been a focal point for urban planning researchers and policy makers globally. Despite the Brundtland Commission's report that defined and integrated the pillars of sustainability, the implementation of sustainable urban planning remains a challenge with conflicting perspectives between sustainable development stakeholders through policy programme and practice in developed and developing countries. This research explores the sustainability of Abuja's urban development framework from the triple bottom-line perspective, evaluating current urban planning and experience from both policy and occupant perspectives. Employing qualitative strategies, an ethnographic methodology was used for primary data collection with phenomenology as a theoretical lens for content analysis. Empirical work involved 73 semi-structured interviews that were conducted alongside ethnographic observations; with the resulting data analysis performed using NVivo 11 software. Additionally, archival documents were reviewed, and contributed to the reported findings. The findings highlight social issues as the main area of sustainability challenge with inequalities, urban exclusions, policy inconsistencies, illegal property developments and neighbourhood contrasts as some key outcomes. These factors were linked to public corruption, data limitations and nepotistic practices that created these problems and they highlighted reoccurring defects within the existing policy framework. This thesis contributes to existing knowledge and practice by proffering a set of guidelines for improving social development and practice within the Abuja area. It also contributes to knowledge development in terms of identifying social sustainability challenges and engendering factors in developing nations.
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Ezekwe-Anya, Dorothy Ijeoma. "Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy and Prenatal Care Attendance in Abuja, Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4283.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) among women poses a significant threat to maternal mortality during pregnancy in Nigeria with a prevalence rate of 14% in the southern region versus 43% in the northern region. Early and adequate prenatal care is essential for improving pregnancy outcomes and the reduction of the maternal mortality rate. Previous studies in several countries have demonstrated a unique barrier to healthcare access among women exposed to IPV. This study assessed the association between IPV during pregnancy and prenatal clinic attendance, using a cross-sectional quantitative study design guided by the social learning theory. The modified Conflict Tactile Scale module and the Adequacy of Prenatal Care Utilization index were used to assess 467 pregnant women attending prenatal care at two government hospitals in Abuja, Nigeria. Results showed a 55.2% IPV prevalence among studied pregnant women in Abuja. A significant relationship was not established between IPV and prenatal clinic visits and its early initiation. However, media exposure (p = .016) was positively associated with prenatal clinic visits, while parity (p < .001) and wealth index (p = .017) had significant associations with prenatal clinic initiation using a chi-square test of association analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis further showed that pregnant women who were exposed to IPV were less likely to have inadequate prenatal visits; however, this was not statistically significant (OR = 0.795, Cl = 0.491-1.287, p = .351). Women in the lower wealth index (OR = 2.297, Cl = 1.101-4.794, p = .027) and those with inadequate media exposure (OR = 1.999, Cl = 1.020-3.916, p = .043) were more likely to have inadequate prenatal clinic visits. The impact of the study on positive social change will guide discussions on the need for standardized IPV abuse screening and evaluation at all levels of healthcare entry for Abuja women.
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Adama, Onyanta. "Governing from Above : Solid Waste Management in Nigeria's New Capital City of Abuja." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Human Geography, Stockholm Univeristy, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6845.
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Otura, Kingsley. "Stigma in access to antiretroviral treatment in Abuja, Nigeria : the importance of social connections." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2013. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7455.
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Access to anti-retroviral drug (ARV) therapy in Nigeria has been a big challenge. Despite the fact that ARVs have been demonstrated to improve quality of life, reduce AIDS prevalence and AIDS deaths, many people in Nigeria still do not have access to ARV therapy. At the time this study was started, the ARV access rate was 16.6%. This Grounded Theory study examines the experiences of HIV positive people accessing ARVs in Abuja, Nigeria. 30 Patients living with HIV/AIDS were interviewed in an iterative manner. The results of the Grounded Theory analysis were triangulated with the documentary analysis of preliminary and secondary literature. As reported by the participants of the study, patients initially found it very difficult to access treatment. Stigma emerged as the main concern of the research participants. Although access to anti retroviral treatment has improved over the years, different forms of stigma still pose important barriers to access in this group of participants. The results of this research suggest that stigma occurs at individual, familial, community, organisational and national levels. The main concern of research participants was resolved mainly through the use of social connections. The contribution to knowledge is the development of the Social Connection Theory. 5 main stages that patients pass through when they attempt to access ARVs were identified in this study. During each of these stages, the patient may experience barriers through stigma or other forms of structural issues such as poverty. They may also move from one stage to another through social connectors who assist them to access ARVs. In the Social Connection Theory, it is argued that in African settings, social connectors play a vital role in influencing the way that patients access antiretroviral treatment. Social connectors are social acquaintances of the patient who help shape their health care seeking decisions. They play a vital role in supporting and linking HIV positive persons to where they can access ARVS. Social connection serves as a useful tool for empowering HIV patients to overcome different obstacles and access treatment. However, these processes do not occur in a structural vacuum. Structural factors such as religion, gender, politics and the economy were also found to shape the way stigma is experienced in Nigeria and how people access HIV treatment. To improve access to ARVs, it is suggested that while taking cognisance of structural forces, multidisciplinary strategies should be developed that integrate social connectors at different critical points in the access continuum.
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Chima, C. I. "Monitoring and modelling of urban land use in Abuja Nigeria, using geospatial information technologies." Thesis, Coventry University, 2012. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/286e264c-3d26-4448-8049-6f2ef3fda727/1.
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This thesis addresses three research gaps in published literature. These are, the absence of Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA) methods for urban Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) analysis in Nigeria; the inability to use Nigeriasat-1 satellite data for urban LULC analysis and monitoring urban growth in Nigeria with Shannon’s Entropy Index. Using Abuja as a case study, this research investigated the nature of land use/land cover change (LULCC). Specific objectives were: design of an object based classification method to extract urban LULC; validate a method to extract LULC in developing countries from multiple sources of remotely sensed data; apply the method to extract LULC data; use the outputs to validate an Urban Growth Model (UGM); optimise an UGM to represent patterns and trends and through this iterative process identify and prioritise the driving forces of urban change; and finally use the outputs of the land use maps to determine if planning has controlled land use development. Landsat 7 ETM (2001), Nigeriasat-1 SLIM (2003) and SPOT 5 HRG (2006) sensor data were merged with land use cadastre in OBIA, to produce land use maps. Overall classification accuracies were 92%, 89% and 96% respectively. Post classification analysis of LULCC indicated 4.43% annual urban spread. Shannon’s Entropy index for the study period were 0.804 (2001), 0.898 (2003) and 0.930 (2006). Cellular Automata/Markov analysis was also used to predict urban growth trend of 0.89% per annum. For the first time OBIA has been used for LULC analysis in Nigeria. This research has established that Nigeriasat-1 data can contribute to urban studies using innovative OBIA methods. In addition, that Shannon’s Entropy Index can be used to understand the nature of urban growth in Nigeria. Finally, the drivers of LULCC in Abuja are similar to those of planned capital cities in other developing economies. Land use developments in Abuja can provide an insight into urban dynamics in a developing country’s capital region. OBIA, Shannon’s Entropy Index and UGM can aid urban administrators and provide information for sustainable urban planning and development.
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Iwuagwu, Stella C. "Sexual and Reproductive Decisions and Experiences of Women Living With HIV/AIDS in Abuja, Nigeria." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1879009251&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Nor, Chiahemba Jesse. "Complexities of land use planning and nation building in Nigeria's new capital city of Abuja." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3911.
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Policy implementation tends to be a nightmare in the South as they mostly end up unimplemented. New capital cities of the South also reflect this nightmare. In Nigeria’s new capital city of Abuja, master plan making is considered of intrinsic importance toward promoting national identity in a diverse ethnic society. However, despite a history with series of master plan making spanning over 3 decades, implementing the land uses captured in these plans tend to be difficult. This thesis explores the complexities that underline land use implementation in Abuja’s Central Area. It seeks to make sense of the problems undermining implementation in Abuja’s Central Area. But beyond that the thesis explores the Western notions that have gone into Post-Independence nation building in new capital cities. Investigating these concerns draw insights from a multi-disciplinary body of knowledge. From policy implementation, rational planning process and action-based notions of implementation, relational planning, political economy, post-colonial critique of planning in the South, nationalism, and a wide range of themes on national capital cities. Using these insights, I develop a framework of exploring these concerns of the thesis through an inductive and qualitative process. The thesis’ findings center around what I refer to as plan gravity. Plan gravity is the privileging of Abuja’s master plans as not only being the most important thing in Abuja, but the answer to the aspirations that Abuja as a new national capital city seeks to achieve. But the privileging leads to the marginalisation and neglect of other factors that are vital to implementation; for instance the planning system under which these plans are expected to be implemented. Again, despite the privileging, implementation is undermined by a multiplicity of actors’ interests, power play and politics, the influx of global mega projects into Abuja’s Central Area, and the kinds of Western knowledge that have driven nation building in Abuja.
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Audu, Bridget. "The contribution of pharmacy to the management of HIV patients at Maitama District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/298242.
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a worldwide problem, with more than 34 million people infected with HIV/AIDS in 2011. At the end of 2011, in Nigeria, an estimated 3.7% of the adult population were living with HIV/AIDS. HIV services in Nigeria are secondary-care led, involving multidisciplinary teams and access to free antiretroviral. However, evaluations of service provision from both patient and healthcare professional perspectives, especially, pharmacists in Nigeria have never been conducted, and are the aims of this research. This study involved grounded theory methodology, using In-depth semi-structured interviews with adults infected with HIV, pharmacists, and administrators involved in the management and care of those patients at Maitama District Hospital in Abuja. HIV pharmacists working for the NHS in the UK were interviewed for comparative purposes. Thirty-five patients were interviewed. Five concepts were identified that influenced how they accessed hospital services after diagnosis. These include faith in God and antiretroviral, social issues with emphasis on HIV stigma and discrimination, patient journeys at the hospital with delays and repeat visits, obstacles such as ARV unavailability and their expectations. Also, five concepts were identified from the pharmacists’ interviews which include clinical service, impressions of service provided, social issues the patients encountered, the obstacles faced with clinical service provided and expectations for improvement. Ten patients were shadowed on their clinic days to observe the patient journey articulated. Furthermore, the administrators interviewed re-affirmed the opinions of the patients and pharmacists about many patients attending HIV clinic, few staff attending to patients, medicines unavailability, especially ARV drugs, and lack of working space for staff. Delays, few pharmacists/many patients and shortage of ART as barriers to service provision ii emerged as dominant themes across the three groups of interviewees in Nigeria. Also, it has been found that there is a wide gap between HIV patients’ hospital management in the UK and Nigeria as regards availability of antiretroviral, staff strength, number of patients in attendance on clinic days and weekly clinic days. Pharmacy was found to have a substantial role in the management of HIV/AID patients but it appears from this study that service improvements, both human and material resources are needed. Twenty three recommendations, which are further synthesised into six potential areas, are made, which, if implemented, would dramatically improve the service provision for HIV/AIDS patients at Maitama District Hospital.
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Fabiunke, Luke L. "Mediation outcomes from the second Sudan civil war: an analysis of Abuja and IGAD peace initiatives." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/38925.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.Context and process factors influenced mediation outcomes between the Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement/Army and the government of Sudan during the second Sudanese civil war. This research analyzed the impact of the nature of the parties, mediator, mediator strategy, and mediation timing as contributing factors toward conflict resolution during the Abuja peace process and Inter-Governmental Authority for Development peace initiatives on mediation outcomes. The factors most influential to mediation outcomes were based primarily on belligerents perceptions of the usefulness of mediation. Third-party intervention created a forum for the disputants to negotiate, but mediator attributes and strategy had a negligible effect on mediation outcomes. Mediation resulted in failure when parties had not yet encountered conditions that made mediation a viable option to achieve their goals; however, mediation conducted at the right time, when parties were ready to negotiate, resulted in successful outcomes. No single factor determined mediation outcomes, but context variables were the primary determinant of mediation outcomes in Sudan civil war mediations.
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Rhodes-Vivour, Patrick. "Traditional revolution : formalizing the informal : a proposal for the "periphery urbanite" Lagos, Abuja & Port-Harcourt." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43816.
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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-71).
The inherited modernist principles of urban design and development policy have left Social exclusion in its wake.The cities founded during colonial times and there-after continue the legacy of colonial urban development. Within these formal networks of roads and infrastructure, there exist a dynamic relationship between the excluded and the included. An informal network permeates the system with an aim to constantly push against barriers and force their way further in amidst the included. At the bottom of this network exist the Waste pickers also known as scavengers. Perceived as the poorest of the poor and marginal to mainstream economy and society.The individualistic nature of their activities makes them vulnerable to exploitation, but with people migrating to the city everyday from rural areas,The job as a waste picker is where they start their climb up the social ladder.This thesis investigation explores the part played by these individual waste pickers in the collection of refuse and proposes a system that formalizes the informal, A system in which Instead of being a problem, waste pickers can be part of the solution to the seemingly intractable problem of collection and disposal of solid wastes in Nigeria.
by Patrick Rhodes-Vivour.
M.Arch.
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Akpabio, Charles G. "An Assessment of factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral treatment in Albert Horsfall Medical Center, Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7192_1256206209.
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The aim of the study is to determine the characteristics associated with ART adherence to , in Albert Horsfall Medicacal Center (AHMC), Abuja, Nigeria. The Objectives are to measure the adherence to ART, assess the association of the demographic characteristic of patients on ART with adherence to medications in the facility
and to establish patients' perspectivesto adherence and impediments to compliance to ART in the center.
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Ojo, Victor Olanrewaju. "Customer satisfaction : a framework for assessing the service quality of urban water service providers in Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9133.
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In recent years, the usual measure of service quality through recorded complaint alone in natural monopolies such as urban water service provision is regarded by literature as inadequate. The aim of this study is to develop and test a model customer satisfaction framework for assessing the performance of public water . t utilities in Nigeria; in terms of service quality from the customers' point of view, and ! identify priority areas for improvement. I A two phased qualitative/quantitative approach was adopted for data collection. Qualitative methods involved observation of complaint handling procedures at the customer care centres, customer forums and document scanning, using a pre- determined assessment checklist; individual interviews of water utility employees and key government functionaries, using semi-structured questionnaires; and customer focus group discussions to identify customers' important requirements. Quantitative method involved questionnaires derived from the qualitative data obtained during the exploratory phase; which was piloted, refined and administered face-to-face to a stratified random sample of 1,045 connected water utility customers across the ten service areas of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) in Nigeria, to determine the level satisfaction and priorities areas for improvement and encourage public water service providers to improve their performances, Findings from the obtained data showed an overall Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) of 73.4%. The customers living in the outskirts of the FCT recorded a lower minimum Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) of 63% and are less satisfied with the service quality provided by FCT Water Board. In comparison, the medium and low density areas recorded a higher minimum CSI of 71%. Also, among the satisfaction variables, reliability of supply predicts substantial (67%) variation in overall customer satisfaction, which in turn is the best predictor of service quality. The research findings also highlighted colour· and taste (water quality), as the most important customer requirements. Likewise, the priorities areas for improvement are (i) Billing; (ii) Reliability; (iii) Pressure; (iv) Helpfulness of staff; (v) Colour of water; (vi) Knowledge of staff; (vii) Taste and (viii) Courtesy of staff respectively. One major implication of the findings is that water service providers should improve the avenues of communication between them and the customers; and not see complaint and customer satisfaction surveys as an indictment, but as a tool for capturing customers' voice about the quality of service.
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Abdulkareem, Mahmood. "Investigation of the daylighting and the thermal environment of Nigeria's low-income housing : the case of Abuja." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2016. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigation-of-the-daylighting-and-the-thermal-environment-of-nigerias-lowincome-housing(82f10804-4fec-437f-9a57-a4bc477feb2b).html.
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The housing schemes that were developed as part of Abuja’s master plan over 30 years ago are still in use today as prototypes for low-income housing developments. At the early stage of the city’s development, the designers involved in the process were mainly focused on providing the required quantity of dwellings to accommodate those involved in the construction. There were no weather stations set up to monitor the climatic conditions of the area and no urban areas within a hundred kilometres of the city’s location. Thus, the value of the region’s unique climatic conditions received only cursory consideration during the early phases of development. More records of the climate of the region have become available since the mid-1990s. Yet, despite the availability of such data and the global interest in an energy efficient approach to building design, it is still not clear whether the concern about energy conservation has led to a different design practice in the housing sector. On the contrary, recent statistics on energy consumption in Nigerian residential buildings indicate an increase in energy use due to the growing use of mechanical air conditioning units for meeting comfort requirements. Previous studies have shown that space air conditioning and lighting have been accounting for some 80% of domestic energy consumption in Nigeria. Given that the region is already struggling to meet its current energy demands, it is important to examine whether improvements made to the design approach for future buildings can assist in reducing overheating indoors and energy consumption. The aim of this study is to develop passive design guidelines that will help improve the thermal and daylighting conditions in residential buildings in Nigeria, thereby reducing the need for active energy sources to keep occupants comfortable. To achieve this, the study has four main parts. Firstly, the literature relating to the environment and phases of architectural development in Abuja, Nigeria is reviewed in order to identify the unique elements of the climate and socio-economic context of the city. Secondly, the literature relating to human comfort as well as the thermal and visual performance of buildings, is reviewed in order to identify the design parameters that are crucial for improving occupants’ comfort in dwellings, especially in tropical regions. Thirdly, using computer based simulations, the research investigated the performance of eight housing types in Abuja in their current state and examined the impact changing key design parameter has on occupants comfort. Finally, the findings from the investigations are used to deduce which passive design approaches are more relevant for improving the thermal and visual conditions in residential buildings in the region. Evaluating the performance of the buildings in their existing state revealed clear overheating problems and excessive natural lighting for most of the year. However, among the key findings from the investigation, it was found that a 6-11% decrease in the frequency of thermal discomfort and a 16-54% decrease in the frequency of visual discomfort can be achieved by adjusting the orientation of the facades. The results also showed that the frequency of thermal and visual discomfort can be reduced by about 6.5% and 71% respectively, using façade and window shading components.
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Morah, Erasmus Uchenna. "The implementation of public policy in developing countries : a case study of housing in Nigeria's new capital city at Abuja." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30741.
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This dissertation is concerned with the implementation process for housing in Nigeria's new capital at Abuja. It explores the inability of the Nigerian government to provide affordable housing for all income groups in the new capital as was originally planned. Based on nominal income, no resident in the city can afford to pay market rents for the housing provided, and less than 15 per cent of wage earners in the civil service (not to mention irregular wage earners in the informal sector) can afford the least expensive houses provided if they were unsubsidized.
The purpose of this study is both to elucidate factors contributing to policy performances and the imperfect correspondence between policy goals and outcomes in developing countries, and to raise basic policy issues pertaining to housing provision in the new capital. The main hypothesis tested is that of Van Meter and Van Horn (1975) who maintain that the outcome of public policy is ultimately determined by the disposition of implementing officials. While recognizing that the gap in the provision of housing in the new capital can be related to a host of factors including financial constraints in the face of apparently unlimited demand, the argument is developed that the disjunction is due primarily to the disposition of policy officials in Abuja, which has been to build a high-class, western-type administrative capital. Premised on this belief, the dissertation then argues that policy officials perceive medium- and high-cost housing to be more germane to the image of the new capital than low-cost dwellings affordable by the low-income population. Consequently, tastes and preferences in housing were in favor of the sophisticated western type of house design, material and layout, which meant that housing delivery strategies in the city were not based on the nature of the local demand and available resources.
To look for evidence in support of this hypothesis, the dissertation first determines the disposition of officials towards the Abuja project. The findings leave no doubt that Abuja was not to be just a western inspired alternative to the former capital of Lagos, but rather a visionary sort rescue from the latter's intractable problems. It then relates this disposition to the current housing situation in the city, through effects on the planning/implementation process. The conclusion to emerge is that the disposition of policy officials greatly influences implementation outcome regardless of planning intentions, and that the wider framework proposed by Van Meter and Van Horn (1975) is an effective way of focusing research on factors that impinge on policy performance. A related conclusion is that the essentially western model of implementation proposed by Van Meter and Van Horn applies with equal, if not more, validity to the developing world where past explanations for the problems of implementation have tended to focus on such variables as: (1) financial resources; (2) administrative and technical know-how; (3) imported theories and technologies; and (4) indigenous regime or political characteristics. However, the unique politico-administrative context of policy remains a crucial factor.
In light of the fact that the key to improved affordability is not sophistication, and that the goal of providing low-cost housing in the new capital would ultimately require non-western standards and styles of delivery, the chief pragmatic implication of the study is that a dispositional change to encourage a more "Nigerian" city is a precondition for a successful housing strategy in the new capital. This means discarding the current imported development practices in the city and replacing them with a more functional orientation based on the nature of the local demand for dwellings. A more "Nigerian" city is one in which the majority of housing and related services are accessible by the average citizen, whether in the civil service or not.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Ikejiofor, Cosmas Uchenna. "Shelter and nascent capital city development in the Third World : middle and low income housing in Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284714.
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Obasi, Goomsu Affiong. "Public space in the context of transformation of the Nigerian city : the cases of Arochukwu, Enugu and Abuja." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442313.
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Adaji, Michael Utenwojo. "Thermal comfort in a hot-humid climate through passive cooling in low-income residential buildings in Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Kent, 2017. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/67935/.
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The research investigates the thermal performance of residential buildings in Abuja, Nigeria during the dry and rainy seasons. A field study was conducted to understand the real and preferred conditions of thermal comfort in low-income residential buildings, which represent the largest single housing sector. Knowing the temperatures people are experiencing in their houses and the limits that residents can tolerate is a first step to proffer passive solutions to reduce discomfort and energy demand and then satisfy the energy demand passively. During the survey, 222 people responded to a post occupancy questionnaire and for the ten selected case study dwellings, a comfort survey questionnaire was used. Physical measurements were taken simultaneously during the comfort survey in both air-conditioned and naturally ventilated residential buildings. The ASHRAE and air flow sensation scales were chosen as voting scales. This survey further looked at possible barriers to the implementation of more sustainable approaches that would enhance passive solutions in Nigeria, since the conventional means of cooling in this hot-humid climate is becoming expensive and less satisfactory. The results from the study showed that during the dry season monitoring period, the average and maximum temperatures in the air-conditioned case studies were 32°C and 34°C; and 31°C and 36°C for the naturally ventilated buildings. This compares with the external average and maximum air temperatures of 31°C and more than 40°C. Dynamic simulation modelling was used to reveal the sensitivity of the cooling loads to various thermal interventions (e.g. insulation and shading) in the case study buildings. The optimum passive cooling intervention (involving roof and wall insulation and shading) proved to be effective in reducing the indoor maximum temperatures by more than 5°C for naturally ventilated cases and the cooling load. This translates to a monthly cost saving in the air-conditioned model of N8,110 (£16.97) which is significant compared to the Nigerian National Minimum Wage of N18,000 (£37.66). This study makes a significant contribution to understanding the real and ideal thermal conditions occupants experience in low and middle income residential buildings in Abuja and demonstrates the effectiveness of passive interventions in reducing indoor temperatures and cooling loads.
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Ezeah, Chukwunonye. "Analysis of barriers and success factors affecting the adoption of sustainable management of municipal solid waste in Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/110155.
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The state of solid waste management in cities of most developing countries is fast assuming the scale of a major social and environmental challenge. In Sub-Saharan Africa in particular, the combined influence of poverty, population growth and rapid urbanization has tended to worsen the situation. The gravity of this problem is perhaps best reflected in the level of attention given to it in the United Nations (UN) Millennium Declaration. Three of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) outlined in the declaration have waste or resource efficiency implications. In response to the waste challenge many developed countries have embarked upon ambitious environmental reforms, recording remarkable advances in best practises and sustainable management of their Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). However, many developing countries such as Nigeria have fared less well in this regard as a result of several barriers militating against sustainable management of MSW. The principal aim of this research is therefore to carry out a critical analysis of the various barriers as well as success factors that affect the sustainable management of MSW using Abuja, Nigeria, as a case study. The study adopts a largely quantitative methodological approach, employing waste composition analysis of samples from the case study area, questionnaire survey and focus group interviews of stakeholders in MSW management as key methods for generation of data. Results from analysis of data, using the Statistical Programme for the Social Sciences (SPSS), indicate that between 65-70% of MSW samples from Abuja is biodegradable, mostly comprising of high wet weight and high moisture content kitchen wastes. On the other hand between 11%-30% of MSW samples from the City comprises mostly of non-degradable but recyclable materials such as glass, metals and cans, non-ferrous metals and waste electrical and electronic equipment. The implication of the high levels of moisture content in the biodegradable components is that samples are not suitable for incineration but are ideal for composting and other mechanical and biological management options. Data analysis also reveals that the main barriers to sustainable MSW management in the City include low public awareness/education on MSW management, obsolete and insufficient equipment and funding limitations. On the other hand, the most important success factor affecting sustainable MSW management in Abuja was found to be the bourgeoning City population which has a huge potential for uptake of recycled products. In summary, this research concludes that the factors affecting MSW management in Abuja are typical of many tropical urban environments. Fundamental shifts in current practises towards waste prevention; driven by a structured public education programme in MSW management is recommended, so as to bring about a more sustainable management regime. As a result of resource and time limitations, it was not possible to complete several potential lines of investigation related to this study. To fully understand the character of the Abuja waste stream however, further chemical characterization including proximate and ultimate analysis is required. Future research in this genre must endeavour to collect data from a larger sample to increase the precision of the analysis and to enable firmer conclusions to be drawn.
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Mu’azu, Abbas Ibrahim. "Sustainable design strategy : assessment of the impact of design variables on energy consumption of office buildings in Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/sustainable-design-strategy(93be196e-2d81-4284-8997-c67ea42cc942).html.
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Buildings account for about 40% of global energy consumption and contribute 30% of all CO2 emissions. This research project investigated extant office building development in Abuja, Nigeria with a view to establishing typical energy performances. Energy end uses were critically analysed to identify energy saving potentials. The research evaluated design variables that can be used to facilitate low energy building design and determine enhanced performances in the Nigerian and regional context. The research initially adopted a case study approach that involved fieldwork surveys and walk-through energy audits in which 22 office buildings were investigated belonging to four performance based categories developed for the research. Also, based on a building inventory survey form developed for this research, building information obtained included the buildings physical components, energy use management and energy end uses. This enabled typical energy performances of the office building categories to be deduced using three widely used indicators; the Energy Use Index (EUI), the Energy Cost Index (ECI) and the Carbon Emission Index (CEI). Also, disaggregated energy end use showed an average distribution pattern of air conditioning, lighting, equipment and building services in the ratio 59%, 15%, 43% and 4% respectively. This showed the potentials of energy savings by reducing cooling load. With the aid of computer based simulation (using IES-VE software) the research further evaluated the impacts of nine architectural design variables (identified from design guidance for low energy buildings as well as design recommendations for tropical climates) on building energy consumption using simplified models of the case study office building categories. From all these, an impact hierarchy of the design variables was deduced and the appropriate low energy design strategies were developed. This showed potential energy savings of up to 20% was achievable. Also benchmarks for enhanced building performance targets for all the categories were proposed for the furtherance of a sustainable built environment in a developing world context.
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Razak, Sherif Yinka. "Application of spatial planning strategies to achieve sustainable transport systems in rapidly urbanizing cities : a study of Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Salford, 2016. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/40162/.
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It has become increasingly clear that the level of road traffic in cities has created high levels of congestion with implications on man-hour, fuel loss and growing transport-related greenhouse gas emissions. Earlier studies have attributed these impacts to the legacy of the Modernist Planning/Master Planning paradigm which prevails in rapidly urbanizing cities in the global south region. While this strategic instrument is considered relevant and dominate the centre-stage of physical planning in most global south cities, earlier studies argue that it may have created the extensive spatial pattern which continues to produce unsustainable transport-related problems such as increases in commuter trips and greater distances between core-city employment areas and suburban residential areas. Implicit in the Modernist Planning approach is “predict and provide” engineering solutions which skew investments in transportation towards the building and expansion of roads for addressing traffic congestion challenges. It is widely argued that this situation create incentives that permit the ownership and use of private automobile vehicles at the expense of public transportation. This research investigates the contention that the prevailing Master Planning system in expanding cities of the global south region has fueled the growth of suburbia and car-dependent mobility patterns resulting in inefficiencies such as traffic congestion, the waste of human time and fuel, and emission of greenhouse gases (GHG). The study offers an alternative model that provides solutions to traffic-related and suburban sprawl impacts in expanding cities of the global south region. This alternative is based on a framework for the combination of spatial planning strategies of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Transit Oriented Development (TOD), and congestion pricing to overcome the shortcomings of inefficient strategic planning tools and improve sustainable outcomes for global south cities.
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Willis, Natalie Renee. "Postpartum Hemorrhage in Developing Regions of Abuja, Nigeria: A Best Practice Proposal of an Educational Intervention for Unskilled Birth Attendants." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/322106.
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Okolai, J. T. "Gendered approach to managing change in organisations : differences in the way men and women manage organisational change in Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, Coventry University, 2017. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/38965cd6-8315-4316-8ca0-8e92bf4d9f75/1.
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Examining the impact of gender leadership differences on organisational change management outcomes in Nigeria, Africa was one of the main aims of this study. Existing literature reports that only one third (30 per cent) of change programmes in organisations meet the desired outcomes, thereby leaving 70 per cent of organisational change programmes failing to achieve anticipated expectations. Some scholars (e.g., Paton and Dempster, 2002) report that the gendered aspect of organisational change management has been largely ignored, and may be one of the contributing factors to organisational change programmes not meeting desired outcomes. Given the increasing rate of change implementations in organisations and the reported failure rate, this study reviews the current trends, strategies and approaches adopted by change leaders. Furthermore, it examines men and women’s differences in their approach to organisational change management in Nigeria, and the impact that this might have on organisational change management outcomes. This research was undertaken in order to identify and recommend strategies that will assist with successfully managing change programmes in organisations. Qualitative research methods through the use of 40 semi-structured interviews were conducted in five organisations (one federal medical health centre, two banking organisations and two government parastatal/ministries). Analytical tools including inductive content analysis, descriptive data analysis, thematic template and cross-case analysis were used to analyse the obtained data. The results show that there may be some differences in the way that men and women approach and manage change scenarios in organisations, which may have some potential impacts on OCM outcomes. However, certain factors appear to affect the observed leadership behaviour and adopted styles. Firstly, leaders’ behaviour and choice of leadership style is influenced by national and sector culture, therefore some of the leaders are unable to adopt their preferred way of approaching and managing the implemented changes as they have to conform to organisational set principles in managing the change programmes. Secondly, the results further show that leaders’ leadership behaviour and style is influenced by the gender and behaviour of the followers. Thirdly, gender leadership differences emerge as a result of leaders’ age and personality, and not necessarily because of their gender or sex. In summary, both men and women may bring intrinsic benefits to the management of organisational change programmes, and these may have a significant and positive impact on the outcome of organisational change programmes. This is based on the perspective of the larger sample of this study’s respondents and some existing views in the literature. This study suggests a gender-inclusive methodology developed from the empirical findings of this study and existing literature, which provides comprehensive guideline on how organisational change programmes can be approached and managed from a more gender-inclusive perspective. The results from the present study raise many interesting issues for both the academic community and practising managers and agents. This is the first study of its kind that has looked at the impact of gender leadership differences on organisational change management outcome in developing countries like Nigeria.
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Agba, Ebelechukwu Godwin. "A study of problems in new urban development and construction : the case of Abuja the new federal capital of Nigeria." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62893.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1986.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Bibliography: leaves 468-475.
by Ebelechukwu Godwin Agba.
Ph.D.
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Oyewale, Bimpe Aderinre. "Factors affecting the implementation of the Family Life and HIV/AIDS Education curriculum in Junior Secondary Schools in Abuja, Nigeria." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5379.
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Master of Public Health - MPHThe Family Life and HIV/AIDS Education (FLHE) curriculum was introduced into Junior Secondary Schools (JSS) in Nigeria to provide young people with life skills and knowledge essential for protecting themselves from HIV/AIDS. However, coverage of schools with the FLHE curriculum implementation is low. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that affect the implementation of the FLHE curriculum in JSS in Abuja, Nigeria. This study was a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional survey. The study populations were teachers from public JSS implementing the FLHE curriculum in Abuja, among whom 300 teachers selected using systematic random sampling constituted the sample size. A close-ended anonymous questionnaire was administered to the research respondents as a self-administered questionnaire in English Language in their schools. A total of 300 questionnaires were administered of which 251 completed questionnaires were returned and analysed. Data analysis was undertaken using SPSS version 17 and included frequency distribution, mean score and standard deviation (univariate analysis), and cross tabulations of dependent variable (teaching of FLHE curriculum) and independent variables (awareness of HIV/AIDS policy and government directive; level of knowledge of the FLHE curriculum; level of comfort to teach FLHE curriculum; religious belief and affiliation; and cultural values of respondents). Chi-square tests and p-values were calculated to determine relationship between variables. Throughout this study, the autonomy of the respondents and dignity were respected; and their participation was voluntary. There was full disclosure of the purpose of the study. The respondents were assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of the information collected; and their written consent were secured prior to participation in the study. The majority (72%) of teachers in this study were aware of the National HIV/AIDS Policy and the government directive to mainstream topics in the FLHE curriculum into existing subjects (78%). Just above one-third (36%) of the teachers had ever seen a copy of the HIV/AIDS policy and knew all the content of the policy. The study revealed that only 5% of the teachers in schools implementing the FLHE curriculum had sufficient level of knowledge of the FLHE curriculum. Majority of the teachers (71%) knew the content of only one (HIV infection) out of the five themes in the curriculum, and 4 out of 5 of the teachers were comfortable in teaching the curriculum to students. The lack of sufficient level of knowledge of the FLHE curriculum and the content of the HIV/AIDS policy and government directive among majority of the teachers were major factors that affected the implementation of the curriculum. Awareness of the government directive (P= 0.000) as opposed to the HIV/AIDS policy (P= 0.772) among the teachers was found to be an important factor to harmonize implementation modalities of the curriculum. The study also noted that personal perception (P = 0.000), cultural values (P = 0.000) and religious belief (P = 0.000) of the teachers as opposed to their religious affiliation (P= 0.218) were important factors in the teaching of FLHE curriculum to students. This study has established that several factors among teachers that included awareness of the government directive to mainstream topics in the FLHE curriculum into subjects, knowledge of the content of the FLHE curriculum and personal perception to the teaching of the curriculum, as well as religious belief and cultural values affected the implementation of FLHE curriculum in JSS in Abuja, Nigeria.
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Amlogu, Abraham. "Public health nutrition intervention to delay the progression of HIV to AIDS among people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2015. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/97054/public-health-nutrition-intervention-to-delay-the-progression-of-hiv-to-aids-among-people-living-with-hiv-plwhiv-in-abuja-nigeria.
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Introduction: HIV/AIDS is a pandemic disease and its scourge has had a devastating impact on health, nutrition, food security and overall socioeconomic development in countries that have been greatly affected by the disease. The engagement of HIV/AIDS with under nutrition form a symbiotic relationship and one increases the prevalence and severity of the other. Aim: The main goal of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of public health-nutrition intervention programme designed to attenuate the progression of HIV to AIDS among people living with HIV in Abuja, Nigeria. Methods: Local foods, which were known for their availability, accessibility, micro and macronutrient strengths were selected and optimised into a nutritional functional meal (Amtewa). 1000 PLWHIV were invited to participate in the research from all the HIV treatment centres in Abuja, Nigeria. Based on the sample size calculation, inclusion and exclusion criteria, 400 participants (adult, male and female from different religious background) were selected through simple randomisation. Out of these 400 participants, 100 were randomly selected for the pilot study. The participants in the pilot study overlapped to form part of the scale-up participants. The effect of daily consumption of Amtewa meal (354.92 kcal/d) for six and twelve months was ascertained through the nutritional status and biochemical indices of the study participants (n=100 pilot and n=400 scale-up interventions) who were/were not taking anti-retroviral drug therapy (ART). Results: Mean CD4 cell count (cell/mm3) for ART-Test group at baseline and sixth months increased by 12.12%. Mean mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) (cm) also increased by 2.52% within the same period (n=400). On the contrary, there were decreases in control groups of 14.9% CD4 count and 2.28% MUAC. Student‘s t-test analysis suggests a strong association between the intervention meal and mean CD4 count (It increased by 54.40 cells/mm3 in the ART Test group (p=0.05)) on prolong use of Amtewa (up to 12 months). Conclusion: These results ascertained the effectiveness of Amtewa meal on health status of HIV infected subjects and also underpinned its significant position within the National Health Services framework as innovative nutritional approach to delay the progression of HIV to AIDS in Nigeria.
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Gabriel, Israel Olatunji. "Effects of a psychosocial intervention on the quality of life or primary caregivers of women with breast cancer in Abuja, Nigeria." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27474.
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Studies have shown that limited attention has been paid to the psychosocial wellbeing of caregivers of patients undergoing care and treatment for breast cancer in Nigeria. There are no interventions in place to cater for their needs despite, the psychological problems faced by this group of people. This study investigated the effectiveness of a psychosocial intervention in term of impact on the quality of life (QOL) of primary caregivers of women with breast cancer in Abuja, Nigeria. Using a quasiexperimental design, sample of 108 participants assigned to the intervention and control groups, the study made use of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) and Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer (CQOLC) to measure caregiver burden and QOL respectively. The hypothesis for the study was that the primary caregivers of women with breast cancer who receive a psychosocial intervention programme will report improved QOL compared with caregivers who do not attend a psychosocial intervention programme. The study established that there were a negative linear relationship between caregiver burden and QOL (R = -0.45, p < 0.001) as a basis for intervention, and also that 29% variance of QOL could be explained by caregiver burden. The intervention results showed that at baseline 51.9% participants reported moderate to severe burden and 48.1% reported severe burden. These figures reduced to 22.3% and 12.6% for moderate to severe and severe burden respectively at 6 weeks after intervention, and further reduced to 18.6% and 4.9% respectively at 12 weeks after intervention. Comparing the QOL of the intervention and control groups, the results showed a significant difference on the score at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. However, looking at performance of the intervention group, there was no significant different at baseline and 6 weeks (t=0.83, p < 0.05), and baseline and 12 weeks (t=1.65, p < 0.05). With reference to the caregiver burden of the intervention and control groups, it was found that a significant difference existed at baseline (t=9.33, p < 0.001). In respect of the impact of the intervention on caregiver burden of the intervention group, results showed a significant difference between baseline and 6 weeks (t=30.34, p < 0.001) and between baseline and 12 weeks (t = 36.80, p < 0.001) after intervention. The study concluded that the psycho-education intervention significantly affected caregiver burden but did not affect caregivers' QOL. Therefore, there is a need for a psycho-education intervention for caregivers of patients with breast cancer, in order to reduce the burden and help them cope with the work of caregiving. Appropriate supportive interventions should be made available to support the close family members of patients with breast cancer in order to reduce caregiver burden. Relevant stakeholders in the healthcare sector especially in palliative care should promote awareness of carer needs. The provision of intervention programmes for caregivers requires further research to develop contextually specific programmes and services which will improve the QOL of caregivers.
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Adagiri, Stella O. "A comparative study of teachers' continuing professional development (CPD) in Nigeria and England : a study of primary schools in Abuja and Portsmouth." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2014. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-comparative-study-of-teachers-continuing-professional-development-cpd-in-nigeria-and-england(92d3e1df-fcce-40bd-a774-b9cfbb25da26).html.
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This thesis provides a comparative theoretical analysis and empirical description of teachers' Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in Abuja and Portsmouth. The theoretical sections comprise a comprehensive review of literature that examines teaching as a profession and key developments and the contribution of CPD towards teacher professionalization in both countries. The empirical aspect investigates and discusses the findings relating to teacher professional development, providing a comparative analysis of teacher profile and CPD in both countries. The aim of this research is to identify, compare and evaluate teachers' CPD in English and Nigerian primary schools, in order to explore any transferable best practices that can enhance the quality of teachers in an urban district of Abuja. It draws upon literature on comparative education research as an underpinning concept, and examines the peculiarities between the public and private primary schools foregrounding the unique context of urban Abuja. The study uses qualitative research design and a combination of mixed methods including interviews, questionnaires and a comprehensive review of literature and documents over the last two decades. Field work was carried out between September 2009 and June 2010, and the survey sample consisted of 205 teachers in Abuja, 48 in Portsmouth, and interviews with headteachers and CPD coordinators. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and cross tabulations using PASW 18 which are presented in tables, figures and charts. Findings suggest that teaching conditions and opportunities for CPD in both countries may differ based on contextual factors; however, there is a common drive towards professionalism and teacher quality. Better opportunity for teacher professional development exists in private schools in Abuja, which is attributable to more autonomy, competitive market and high demand for quality education. The study highlights some transferable practices which include a planning and implementation model, and a SPARC framework for teachers' CPD which constitutes skills, professional training, attitude, and research and collaborative activities. It suggests implications for further research and recommendations for school leaders, researchers and policy makers.
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Batagar, Amina. "Assessing the thermal performance of phase change materials in composite hot humid/hot dry climates : an examination of office buildings in Abuja-Nigeria." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2146.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of using Phase Change Materials (PCM) in improving indoor thermal comfort while conserving electricity in office buildings in the composite Hot Humid/Hot Dry climate of Abuja, Nigeria. The first stage is a quantitative investigation of electricity consumption in 15 Nigerian office Buildings. Purpose-built mechanically cooled office buildings are selectively chosen across major Nigerian cities and climates. The surveyed data is analysed and used to construct a hypothetical office building as a base case. Scientifically validated software DesignBuilder v3 and EnergyPlus V6 and V7 are used for the parametric analysis of simulation results. The building simulations are used in two stages, firstly to test passive and climatically responsive scenarios to reduce electricity consumption then secondly to study the potential benefit of incorporating PCM in the building fabric and its effect on thermal comfort and electricity conservation. Results show that cooling, lighting, and appliance loads account for approximately 40%, 12% and 48% respectively of electricity consumption in the buildings audited. Power outages are frequently experienced necessitating alternative power usage. A data collection method is presented for energy auditors in locations where alternative back-up power is essential. Simulation results indicate that the magnitude of energy saving can be achieved by optimizing the passive and climate sensitive design aspects of the building and an electricity saving of 26% is predicted. Analysis indicates that it is difficult to achieve thermal comfort in office buildings in Abuja without mechanical cooling. Adding such a PCM to the building fabric of a cyclically cooled mechanical building may alleviate indoor discomfort for about 2 hours in case of power outage and is predicted to save 7% of cooling load. Cyclic cooling is the cooling of the interiors long enough to maintain comfort for a maximum duration within the working hours. The use of lightweight partitions instead of the heavyweight ones common in Nigeria is shown to a 2-fold improvement in consumption. Adding a PCM to light-weight partition walls with transition temperature of 24°C, conductivity of 0.5W/m K, and a thickness of 10mm gives the best predicted energy savings.
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Akande, Adewale Tajudeen. "Risky Driving Attitudes and Behaviours among Commercial Drivers and the Rate of Accidents on Nigerian Roads: A Case Study of Abuja and Lagos State." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671638.
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Introducció: Cada any 1.3 milions de persones moren en accidents de trànsit. el 90% de els morts i lesions es produeixdn en els països d’ingresos baixos i mitjos. Africa està documentada com la proporció més altra d’usuaris de carreteres vulnerables amb una tass de mortalitat alarmant, impacte de danys inesgotable i evitable. fins fa poc tems Nigeria ha estat testimoni d’accidents de trànsit horribles i sense precedents al llarg i ample, com es mostra en les fonts documentals i les morts afecten la pèrdua de recursos individuals i la carga econòmica del pais. Això es deu en gran part al fet que Nigeria, com a pais més poblat i heterongeni y amb la segona xarxa de carreteres
més gran d’Africa, té el nombre estimat més alt de vehicles comercials, conduits per més usuaris i amb menys consideració per al viabilitat viària que aquells amb l’estricte compliment de les normes de trànsit
Objectius: L’estudi examina els detalls de les característiques demogràfiques i cognitives del conductor amb l’historial de maneig i l’efecte de la conducció en l’accidentalitat.
Materials i mètodes: investigació comparativa, per evaluar les dues ubicacions de l’enquesta de las capitals nova i antiga de Nigeria, amb diferències i similituds geogràfiques i econòmiques. S’han emprat mètodes quantitatius i qualitatius, amb la tècnica de recollidaobservació particilpant per complementar les quatre fases de la recerca. Autoinforme directe dels factors cognitius i les característiques sociodemogràfiques dels enquestats, a través de l’instrument de meidció del comportament cinc en un recentment adaptat i probat LOMICS-DBQ.
Resultats: El resulat de l’eestudi mostra que les caracterísques sociodemográfiques com l’edat, la religió, l’origen ètnic, l’estat salarial i l’estat de la llicència ofereixen una relació més significativa amb el desenvolupament de la tasca del conductor i la probabilitat d’accident. El risc d’accident s’explica conjuntament per les actituds dels seus conductors, com excés de velocitat, us del mòbil, fatiga, visió borrosa i alcohol o sustànciess tòxiques consumides abans de conduir amb nivells estadísticamente significatius entre 1 y 5 %. L’eestudi reocmoana un inici urgent de l’exàmen genuí de la teoria de la conducció a nivell nacional en anglès, i en els idiomes locals i després d’una capacitació pràctica intensiva, intruduir la conducció i la seguretat en els plans d’esstudi de les escoles primària i secundària. També la introducció de campanyes d’aplicació i vigilància i sensibilització amb alta visibilitat sobre les normes i reglaments de trànsit.
Conclusions: Aquest estudi ha omplert un buit significatiu llenado un vacío significativo: cap eina de recerca de mesura del comprtament ha tingut en compte les variables de creences socioculturals i religioses com a possibles factors que influeixen en les actituds i comportaments de conducció en paisos de rendes baixes i mitjanes. L’estudi bàsicament posa l’èmfasi en l’aplicació de la llei i el canvi de comportament i la intervenció d’aprenentatge que podria minimitzar el comportament de la conducció de risc.Introducción: Cada año 1.3 millones de personas mueren por accidentes de tráfico, y el 90% de estas muertes y lesiones se producen en los países de ingresos bajos y medios. África está documentada como proporción más alta de usuarios de carreteras vulnerables con una tasa de mortalidad alarmante, impacto de estos daños es inagotable y evitable. Hasta hace poco, Nigeria ha sido testigo de accidentes de tránsito horribles y sin precedentes a lo largo y ancho, como se muestra en fuentes documentadas, y las muertes afectan la perdida de recursos individuales y la carga económica del país. Esto se debe en parte al hecho de que Nigeria, como el país más poblado, heterogéneo y con la segunda red de carreteras más grande de África, tiene el número estimado más alto de vehículos comerciales, conducidos por más usuarios con menos consideración por la viabilidad vial, que aquellos con estricto cumplimiento de las normas de tráfico. Objetivo/Objetivos: El estudio examina los detalles de las características demográficas, y cognitivas de un conductor con el historial de manejo y el efecto de estos en las muertes por riesgo de accidentes. El estudio también busca una intervención estratégica para reducir la extrema mortalidad en las carreteras. Materiales y métodos: investigación comparativa, para evaluar las dos ubicaciones de la encuesta de las capitales nuevas y antiguas de Nigeria, con diferencias y similitudes geográficas y económicas. Se utilizaron métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos, con la técnica de recolección de datos de observación participante para complementar las cuatro fases de la investigación. Autoinforme directo de los factores cognitivos y las características sociodemográficas de los encuestados, a través del instrumento de medición del comportamiento cinco en uno recientemente adaptado y probado llamado LOMICS-DBQ. Resultados: El resultado del estudio mostró que las características sociodemográficas como la edad, la religión, el origen étnico, el estado salarial y el estado de la licencia, ofrecen una relación más significativa con el desempeño real de la tarea del conductor y la probabilidad de accidente. Además, el 61% de la variación en un accidente (el 50% en Lagos) se explican conjuntamente por las actitudes de sus conductores, como exceso de velocidad, uso móvil, fatiga, visión borrosa y alcohol o sustancias tóxicas tomadas antes de conducir con nivel estadísticamente significativo entre 1 y 5 %. El estudio recomienda, un comienzo urgente de un examen genuino de la teoría de la conducción a nivel nacional en inglés, y en los idiomas locales después de una capacitación práctica intensiva; introducir la conducción y la seguridad en los planes de estudio de las escuelas primarias y secundarias. La introducción de campañas de aplicación, vigilancia y sensibilización de alta visibilidad sobre las normas y reglamentos de tráfico. Conclusiones: Este estudio ha llenado un vacío significativo: ninguna herramienta de investigación de medición de comportamiento ha tenido en cuenta las variables de creencias socioculturales y religiosas como posibles factores que influyen en las actitudes y los comportamientos de conducción en los países de ingresos bajos y medianos. El estudio básicamente hace hincapié en la aplicación de la ley, el cambio de comportamiento y la intervención de aprendizaje que podrían minimizar el comportamiento de conducción riesgo.
Introduction: Every year, 1.3 million people are killed by road accidents, with 90% of these deaths and injuries recorded in low-and middle-income countries. Wherein Africa is documented as the highest proportion of vulnerable road users with an alarming death rate, the impact of these damages is inexhaustible and avoidable. Until lately, Nigeria has witnessed unprecedented, horrible road crashes from its length and breadth as featured in documented sources, and the fatalities affect the loss of individuals resources and economic burden of the nation. This is partly due to the fact that Nigeria as the most populous, heterogeneous, and second-largest road network country in Africa. Aim/Objectives: The study examines the details of a driver's demographic and cognitive characteristics with driving history and its effect on crash risk fatalities. It seeks to analyse strategic interventions in reducing carnage on the roads. This study aims to provide a practical framework for an effective and efficient measuring technique, to assess the individual´s driving description vis description vis-a-vis the differences in accident involvement. Materials and Methods: This study applied a comparative research design to evaluate Nigeria's new and old capital cities; hence, two survey locations with geographical and economic differences was chosen. This study administered quantitative and qualitative methods with the Participant Observation data collecting technique to complement the investigation's four phases. Direct self - report respondent´s cognitive and socio-demographic characteristics via the newly adapted and tested five-in-one behaviour measuring instrument called LOMICS-DBQ with the constructs of Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Results: The study result showed that socio-demographic characteristics such as age, religion, ethnicity, wages status, and license status offer a more significant relation to driver´s actual task performance and accident likelihood. Besides, 61% of the variation in an accident (and 50% in Lagos) is explained jointly by drivers' attitudes such as over-speeding, mobile use, fatigue driving, blurred vision, and alcohol or intoxicants before driving with statistically significant between 1 and 5 % level. The study recommends an urgent commencement of a genuine nationwide driving theory test in English and local languages followed by intensive practical training, the introduction of driving and safety education in both the primary and secondary schools curriculums, and the introduction of high visibility enforcement, surveillance, and awareness campaigns of traffic rules and regulations. Conclusions: This study has filled a significant gap - no single behaviour measuring research tool has considered socio-cultural and religious beliefs variables as possible factors that influences driving attitudes and behaviours in low-and middle-income countries. The study emphasizes enforcement, behavioural change, and learning intervention to minimize risky driving behaviour.
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Lawson, Lovett. "Improving the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in resource constrained setting and the role of micronutrients in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423946.
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Barnabas, Sylvanus. "The role of international law in determining land rights of indigenous peoples : the case study of Abuja Nigeria and a comparative analysis with Kenya." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2017. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/32544/.
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In 1976, the Nigerian Government compulsorily acquired the ancestral lands of Abuja peoples of Nigeria without payment of compensation or resettlement. This is legitimised under Nigerian State laws. Indigenous peoples (IPs) suffer from injustices in relation to land globally. The purpose of this thesis is to find answers to the research questions emanating from this case study. One avenue explored herein in addressing dispossession of IPs’ lands in Africa, is through considering the relevance of international law on their rights. However, there is no universally agreed definition of IPs. In the determination of whether international law provides solutions to the challenges of protecting land rights of Abuja peoples, the existing description of IPs is challenged. The second avenue explored herein, is through a comparative approach to understanding how Kenya has resolved these challenges and how Nigeria should respond to similar challenges. The case study is used to illustrate the need for a viable relationship between State law, IPs’ customary law and international law. The choice of Nigeria is because the case study is in Nigeria. The choice of Kenya as a comparator is because like Nigeria, Kenya is Anglophone with a plural legal system and has recently embarked on law reforms in relation to customary land rights and the place of international law within its legal system. Drawing from theories of legal pluralism and post-colonialism, this doctrinal, case study and comparative enquiry, makes the following original contributions to knowledge. Firstly, the case study is used to argue that international law should expand its description of IPs to include collective of peoples with different cultures. Secondly, it draws from international child rights law to advance the argument that international law on IPs should present them more positively. Finally, the comparative analysis between Nigeria and Kenya on the above subjects has not been made by any known literature at the time of writing.
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Mamudu, Rashidat Amanosi. "Knowledge, attitude and practices of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV(PMTCT) among women of child bearing age, in Karu Village, Abuja, Nigeria." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86249.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: An estimated 34 million people worldwide are infected with HIV with 52% of them being women (UNAIDS, 2011), of this figure, an estimated 3.4 million are said to be children below the age of 15years. Sub Saharan Africa accounts for up to 90% of this burden in children. Nigeria, the most populous nation is Saharan African still contributes up to 30% of the global burden of mother to child transmission of HIV which is a major source of infection in children. According to the Federal ministry of health 2010 ANC survey report, the country has a prevalence of 4.1%. The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) where Karu village is located ranked 5th among the 36 states and Federal capital territory in Nigeria with a prevalence of 8.7%. Urban prevalence is 8.6% while the rural prevalence is 8.2%. An exploratory descriptive study was conducted among women of child bearing age (18 to 49years) living in Karu village, Abuja, FCT, North central Nigeria. A semi structured questionnaire designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV was administered by the researcher on 120 women of child bearing age living in Karu village after obtaining their consent. The study received an ethical review and approval from FCT human research ethics committee at the Health Department of the Federal capital development agency and Stellenbosch University, ethic committee. Findings from the 120 women who gave consent to participate showed that 28.33% had sufficient knowledge of how MTCT can occur with 77% having insufficient knowledge of how MTCT occur, 51.67% of them have sufficient knowledge of how PMTCT can be achieved while 48.33% do not. Of the participant surveyed, 89.17% of them have ever been pregnant while 24.17% were pregnant at the time of the survey, the bulk of the participants were between the ages of 18 to 34 with only 22.5% of them within the age of 35 – 49 years. From this study, women in Karu village were identified to have high level of general knowledge regarding MTCT and PMTCT of HIV but in-depth knowledge of both is still insufficient among a large group of women. Health workers and mass media were identified as key sources of information regarding MTCT and PMTCT of HIV and majority of women have favourable attitude towards PMTCT interventions but practices of these interventions is still relatively low.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ongeveer 34 miljoen mense is wêreldwyd aangetas deur MIV, waarvan 52% vroue is (UNAIDS, 2011). Hiervan is ongeveer 3.4 miljoen na bewering kinders onder die ouderdom van 15 jaar. Tot 90% van hierdie infeksie by kinders kom in sub-Sahara-Afrika voor. Nigerië, die digsbevolkte staat in sub-Sahara-Afrika, dra tot 30% van die globale las van moeder-tot-kind-oordrag van MIV, wat ’n groot bron van infeksie onder kinders is. Volgens die Federale Ministerie van Gesondheid 2010 ANC-opnameverslag het die land ’n voorkomssyfer van 4.1%. Die Federal Capital Territory (FCT), waar die dorp Karu geleë is, is as 5de van die 36 state in Nigerië geklassifiseer met ’n voorkomssyfer van 8.7%. Die stedelike voorkomssyfer is 8.6% teenoor die landelike voorkomssyfer van 8.2%. ’n Ondersoekende, beskrywende studie is uitgevoer onder vroue van vrugbare leeftyd (18 tot 49 jaar) wat in die dorp Karu, Abuja, FCT, Noord-sentrale Nigerië, woon. ’n Halfgestruktureerde vraelys is ontwerp om die kennis, houdings en voorkomingspraktyke van moeder-tot-kind-oordrag (MTCT) van MIV te beoordeel. Dit is deur die navorser toegepas op 120 vroue van vrugbare leeftyd wat in die dorp Karu woon nadat hul toestemming daartoe verkry is. Die studie het ’n etiese oorsig en goedkeuring van die FCT mensenavorsing-etiekkomitee by die Departement van Gesondheid van die federale hoofstad se ontwikkelingsagentskap en die Universiteit Stellenbosch se etiekkomitee ontvang. Bevindings van die 120 vroue wat ingestem het om deel te neem het getoon dat 28.33% toereikende kennis gehad het van hoe MTCT kan voorkom, met 77% wat onvoldoende kennis gehad het van hoe MTCT voorkom. Van hulle het 51.67% genoegsame kennis gehad van hoe PMTCT verkry kan word, terwyl 48.33% nie oor hierdie kennis beskik het nie. Van die deelnemers wat waargeneem is, was 89.17% al swanger, terwyl 24.17% tydens die opname swanger was. Die meerderheid van die deelnemers was tussen 18 en 34 jaar oud, met slegs 22.5% wat in die ouderdomsgroep 35 – 49 jaar geval het. Uit hierdie studie het geblyk dat vroue van die dorp Karu geïdentifiseer is as mense wat ’n hoë vlak van algemene kennis omtrent MTCT en PMTCT van MIV gehad het, maar dieptekennis van albei sake is steeds ontoereikend by ’n groot groep vroue. Gesondheidswerkers en die massamedia is geïdentifiseer as sleutelbronne van kennis oor MTCT en PMTCT van MIV en die meeste vroue het ’n gunstige houding teenoor PMTCT-intervensies, maar die toepassing van hierdie intervensies is nog betreklik laag.
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Casmir, Igboerika Ekene. "The Socio-Economic and Behavioural Factors Associated with Poor Glycaemic Control Among Adult Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending the Outpatient Diabetes Clinic in Tertiary Hospitals in Abuja, Nigeria." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5827.
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Magister Public Health - MPH (Public Health)The prevalence of diabetes in Africa has been on the increase. A prevalence of 1%- 10% has been reported by different authors in different regions in Nigeria. The International Diabetes Federation estimates that 1.9% of Nigerians are diabetic and most of them have complications at the time of diagnosis. Laboratory measurement of Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the method of choice for monitoring glycaemic control but due to its cost and limited availability, most developing countries use fasting plasma glucose (FPG) measurement (which is less reliable) to assess glycaemic control. Most diabetic patients in Nigeria have poor glycaemic control and several factors have been implicated especially socio-economic, behavioral and treatment-related factors. Understanding the reasons for poor glycaemic control is essential in order to reduce the rate of diabetes complications.
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Barrientos, Guerrero Juan Carlos. "Determinación de la actividad tuberculostática de Abuta grandifolia (Mart.) Sandwith "Abuta"." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/16174.
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Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorRealiza el estudio fitoquímico y la determinación de la actividad tuberculostática de la corteza de Abuta grandifolia (Mart.) Sandwith “Abuta”; especie nativa de los departamentos de Loreto y Madre de Dios y utilizada por sus propiedades antimicrobianas y contra afecciones respiratorias, entre otras. En el estudio fitoquímico se identificó azúcares, taninos, saponinas y principalmente alcaloides. Se realizó la extracción de los alcaloides, los que fueron aislados por fraccionamiento mediante cromatografía en columna, e identificados por cromatografía en capa fina, hallándose presencia de alcaloides tipo isoquinolina. El ensayo de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana se realizó mediante el método de las proporciones de Canetti, Rist y Grosset y el método MODS; como alternativo al primero, utilizando cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV frente a los productos aislados de la corteza de Abuta. Se evaluó la actividad de los extractos de alcaloides básicos totales y la fracción soluble en metanol a diversas concentraciones, obteniéndose inhibición del crecimiento de M. tuberculosis en ambos extractos a 0,5 mg/mL con el método de las proporciones y 0.2 mg/mL con el MODS.
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MONROY, CHIMAL ANA KAREN, and HERNANDEZ YELITZA JAIME. "PROYECTO DE EXPORTACION DE MIEL DE ABEJA DE AMATEPEC ESTADO DE MEXICO, A MARSELLA FRANCIA, 2014." Tesis de Licenciatura, UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DEL ESTADO DE MEXICO, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/94366.
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La elección de un producto de calidad representa una buena opción de exportación y
una rápida posición en el mercado internacional lo cual no es fácil, por fortuna México
cuenta con una gran variedad de opciones en todos los sectores productivos, en la
Unión Europea en el sector de alimentos naturales existen altas expectativas de venta y
consumo, para este mercado uno de los principales productos es la miel natural.
La miel mexicana es reconocida en los mercados internacionales como una de las
mejores, gracias a las estrictas normas de calidad y control con la que es producida. La
miel en México se produce en casi todo el territorio nacional, destacando estados como
Yucatán siendo el principal Estado productor de miel, seguido de Veracruz, Campeche,
Jalisco, Guerrero, Chiapas, Puebla y Quintana Roo.
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Balsebre, Cajiao Arantza. "Determinación de pesticidas organofosforados, halogenados y neonicotinoides, en abejas de apiarios de la V y VI región en Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/151427.
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Tesis de Magíster en Bioquímica área de Especialización en Bioquímica Ambiental y Memoria para optar al Título de BioquímicoEl uso masivo de pesticidas de amplio espectro en el tiempo ha generado efectos adversos sobre organismos no blanco. Las abejas domésticas (Apis mellifera) han sido uno de los principales organismos afectados causando gran preocupación por su importancia ecológica y económica. Las pérdidas de colonias de abejas melíferas y de otros polinizadores silvestres principalemente en Europa y América del norte han causado gran preocupación. Las causas de estas pérdidas aún no se conocen con certeza, pero se piensa que podría deberse a un problema multifactorial que incluye agentes biológicos, mala nutrición y el uso de agentes protectores de cultivos o pesticidas, entre otras causas. La intensa actividad de recolección de las abejas melíferas las expone a pesticidas de la agricultura y xenobióticos en general. En Chile las regiones de Valparaíso (V) y O’Higgins (VI) presentan una alta actividad agrícola, alto uso de pesticidas e importante desarrollo apícola por lo que fueron consideradas como regiones de riesgo para la salud de las abejas. En el presente proyecto se desarrolló una metodología para la determinación de algunos de los pesticidas más usados en estas regiones considerando los neonicotinoides; acetamiprid y tiametoxam, el fenilpirazol; fipronil, los halogenados; acrinatrina y clorotalonil, y los organofosforados; metidation, diazinon, dimetoato, metamidofos, clorpirifos, profenofos, azinfos metil y cumafos. La metodología desarrollada fue posteriormente utilizada en la determinación de muestras de campo. A través de la técnica de dispersión de matriz en fase sólida (MSPD) para la extracción y limpieza de los analitos en conjunto con cromatografía de gases acoplada a detectores específicos de micro captura de electrones (μECD) y fotometría de llamas (FPD) se logró establecer recuperaciones sobre un 60% de cada unos de los pesticidas mencionados al límite de cuantificación (LOQ; 0,005 – 0,050 μg/g) con una desviación estándar (RSD) ≤16%. Con esta metodología se pudo detectar 9 de los 13 pesticidas seleccionados presentes en el 65% de las muestras. Clorpirifos y acrinatrina fueron los pesticidas más frecuentemente encontrados en concentraciones que varían entre <0,015 (LOQ) – 0,067 μg/g y <0,020 (LOQ) – 0,026 μg/g respectivamente. Seguidos de diazinon encontrado exclusivamente bajo el LOQ (<0,015 μg/g). Las altas ventas de estos plaguicidas en las regiones afectadas y sus características de lipofilicidad podrían estar aumentando la exposición de las abejas de estos sectores debido a una acumulación de los plaguicidas en el ambiente (como por ejemplo en la cera de las colmenas)
A method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) associated to gas chromatography-flame photometric detection (GC-FPD), GC-electron capture detection (GC-ECD) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for confirmation purposes, was developed for the determination of a representative group of thirteen pesticides in honeybee with particular concern in the apicultural field (fipronil, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, acrinathrin, metamidophos, dimetoathe, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, methidathion, profenophos, azinphos methyl, chlorothalonil and coumaphos). Factors influencing the extraction efficiency of MSPD were investigated and optimized through response surface method. The use of octadecylsilyl (C18) sorbent combined with a florisil clean-up and acetonitrile-methanol (99:1) elution was the optimal condition for the extraction of the selected pesticides. Under this condition the recovery of pesticides at the limit of quantification (LOQ; 0.005 to 0.050 μg g -1) ranged from 60 to 101% with RSDs ≤ 16%. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of honeybees collected in 68 field hives from areas of great apicultural and agricultural development in central Chile. In 65% of these samples nine different pesticides were detected. Pesticides most frequently found were chlorpyrifos (35% of the samples, <0.015-0.067 μg g-1), acrinathrin (34% of the samples, <0.020-0.026 μg g-1) and diazinon (11% of the samples at values <0.015 μg g-1). The incidence of these pesticides in bees can be related to their sales volume, use to combat the varroosis in hives and hydrophobicity
Fondecyt
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Tchameni, Augustin. "Les évolutions contemporaines du régionalisme africain : essai sur la rationalisation de l'intégration africaine au regard du ddroit international public." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30054.
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A rebours du schéma élaboré dans le cadre du Traité d’Abuja signé le 3 juin 1991 par les Etats membres de L’Organisation de l’unité Africaine (OUA), la divergence actuelle des systèmes régionaux africains constitue une dénaturation de l’approche convenue. Ce texte prévoit en effet dans son article 6, la création des Communautés économiques régionales (CER) comme une modalité de l’intégration continentale. A ce titre, huit CER sont aujourd’hui reconnues par l’Union Africaine : la Communauté Economique des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CEDEAO) ; la Communauté Economique des Etats de l’Afrique Centrale (CEEAC) ; la Communauté de l’Afrique de l’Est (CAE) ; la Southern Africa Development Community (SADC); l’Autorité Intergouvernementale pour le Développement (IGAD); le Marché Commun de l’Afrique Australe et Orientale (COMESA); l’Union du Maghreb Arabe (UMA); et la Communauté des Etats Sahélo-Sahariens (CEN-SAD). L’établissement de la Communauté économique africaine instituée par le Traité, reste subordonné à la réussite de ces systèmes communautaires régionaux. Toutefois, la multiplication d’autres organisations communautaires sous-régionales - en plus de celles reconnues - d’une part, et la mise en œuvre de programmes et activités similaires dans le domaine économique d’autre part, tendent à compromettre la réalisation du projet africain. Cette situation fait échec au concept de départ qui établit le principe d’une exclusivité régionale à la faveur de la CER reconnue. A cause de chevauchements des objectifs poursuivis, il s’ensuit entre les organisations régionales, des rapports de rivalité plutôt que de complémentarité, aboutissant à la coexistence des systèmes d’intégration concurrents. Les rapports entre les CER et l’Organisation continentale rendent également visibles les insuffisances liées à la coordination du processus projeté. L’Union Africaine ne disposant pas du tout ou pas suffisamment des moyens juridiques lui permettant une intrusion dans la mise en œuvre des programmes communautaires régionaux, l’application des dispositions du Traité d’Abuja par les CER, ne semble pas homogène. La matérialisation des ambitions affichées par les Etats signataires demeure à ce jour conditionnée par la rationalisation de l’intégration envisagée. Cette étude vise à proposer quelques pistes de solutions en ce sensIn stark contrast to the vision which emerged from the Treaty of Abuja, ratified by the member states of the Organisation of African Unity on the 3rd of June 1991, the present divergence of regional systems in Africa constitutes a serious distortion of the approach that was agreed upon. Indeed, in Article 6, the treaty sets forth the “strengthening of existing regional economic communities” (RECs) as a means of achieving integration on a continental scale. Along these lines, the African Union now recognizes eight RECs: the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), the East African Community (EAC), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU), and the Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD). As laid out in the treaty, the establishment of the African Economic Community is entirely dependent upon the success of these regional community systems. At the same time, the increase of other community organisations at the sub-regional level, beyond those officially recognized, on the one hand, and the implementation of similar programmes and activities, on the other hand, tend to endanger the realisation of the African project. This situation flies in the face of the original idea, which was based on the principle of the regional exclusivity of the recognized RECs. As a result of the various overlapping goals that are being pursued by difference organisations, competitive rather than complimentary relations have led to a coexistence of rival systems of integration. The relations between the RECs and the continental organization (the AU) have also made apparent the inadequacy of the coordination procedure that had been envisaged. As the African Union does not have sufficient legal means at its disposal to intervene in the implementation of regional community programmes, the execution of the Treaty of Abuja by the RECs lacks homogeneity. In order to achieve the ambitions declared by those member states who signed the treaty, a rationalisation of the proposed integration is necessary. The present study puts forward several proposals as to how such a rationalisation may be accomplished
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Poku, Adjoa Afriyie. "Women, poverty and HIV/AIDS in the Abura-Asebu-Kwamankese district." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Geography, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-751.
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This is about women, poverty and vulnerability of HIV/AIDS in Moree and Asebu in the Abura-Asebu-Kwamankese District in the Central Region of Ghana. The main objective of the study is to find out whether poverty actually makes women vulnerable to HIV/AIDS in the two communities, thus Moree and Asebu. The study employed the use of Actor Oriented theories such as agency, action, power and structures in structuration theory. It also makes use of risk theories, feminist geographies and the concepts of space, place and time.
Multiple methods within the qualitative approach were used, in the data collection. These included administration of a semi structured interview guide, which covered a purposive sample of 30 respondents of which 80 percent were female and 20 percent males who were ordinary local people in Moree and Asebu. 27 in-depth interviews using unstructured interview guide were conducted among key informants. Focus group discussion and observations were also conducted. The primary data was complemented with secondary data from the Ghana HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys, the Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy, yearly report on HIV cases in the Abura-Asebu- Kwamankese District and the district profile of Abura-Asebu-Kwamankese District.
The study further reveals that the triggering effect of poverty to HIV infection is something that cannot be done away with. Women were seen to be worst affected with poverty. These poor conditions have led to these females adapting to various coping strategies with life, which make them vulnerable to HIV/infection. This is because women are more at risk and are likely to adopt risky sexual behaviours that could put them in high-risk position for infection. The study reveals that the masculinity of the society has made females dependent on males and this constrains them from entering into any economic venture and negotiating for protective sex. It was realised also that the causes of female poverty and the coping strategies that were likely to be adopted by the people within the fishing community is slightly different from females in the farming community. Majority of the findings were analysed qualitatively, however, I quantified only a few. Based on the findings, conclusions and recommendations were drawn.
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Albuquerque, Vanessa Homobono Santa Brígida de. "Estudo químico e biológico dos constituintes do Cerne de Abuta Refescens AUBL. (Menispermaceae)." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2004. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/3306.
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The bôta, Abuta rufescens Aubl. (MENISPERMACEAE), is a medicinal plant used popularly in the treatment of malaria, uterine inflammations, hepatic illnesses and gastric ulcer, besides having action as antimycotic, diuretic and abortive. Previous chemical studies had disclosed to the presence in its stem of oxoaporphines and azafluoranthenes alkaloids. Of the chromatographic fractionate of the extract of stem in dichloromethane it was isolated, from chromatographic techniques, a crystal in form of orange needles that was identified through spectrometric methods (IR, MS, 13C NMR, 1H NMR) as the Homomoschatoline alkaloid. This work tells the gotten results of the toxicity evaluation of this alkaloid by the bioessay in Artemia franciscana, and of antitumoral activity with ancestries of cells of human breast tumors (Mcf-7), of human colon (Hct-8), of promielocitic human leukemia (Hl-60) and tumor skin (B-16).
A bôta, Abuta rufescens Aubl. (MENISPERMACEAE), é uma planta medicinal usada popularmente no tratamento da málaria, de inflamações uterinas, de doenças hepáticas e úlcera gástrica, além de ter ação como antimicótico, diurético e abortivo. Estudos químicos anteriores revelaram a presença em seu caule de alcalóides oxoaporfínicos e azafluorantenos. A partir do fracionamento cromatográfico do extrato do cerne em diclorometano isolou-se, através de técnicas cromatográficas, um cristal em forma de agulhas alaranjadas que foi identificado por métodos espectrométricos (IV, EM., RMN de 13C, RMN de 1H) como o alcalóide Homomoschatolina. Este trabalho relata os resultados obtidos da avaliação da toxicidade deste alcalóide pelo bioensaio em Artemia franciscana, e de atividade antitumoral com linhagens de células de tumores de mama humano (MCF-7), de cólon humano (HCT-8), de leucemia promielocítica humana (HL-60) e pele murino (B-16).
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Bravo, Garrido Jessica Andrea. "Caracterización de un aceite esencial obtenido desde una especie vegetal nativa con efecto antifúngico frente a patógenos emergentes en el sector apícola, Nosema apis y Nosema ceranae." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/116741.
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Tesis presentada a la Universidad de Chile para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias FarmacéuticasAutorizada por el autor, pero con restricción para ser publicada a texto completo hasta diciembre de 2016, en el Portal de Tesis Electrónicas
Conicyt Mecesup
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Förster, Merkel Karina del Carmen. "Estrategia de marketing para consolidar las exportaciones de miel de abeja a Alemania." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2005. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/151346.
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Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniero Agrónomo Mención Economía AgrariaChile destina hace más de diez años sobre el 40 % de sus mieles a Alemania, sin embargo estos envíos abastecen sólo una pequeña parte del mercado potencial de este país. A esto se le suma que se exporta el producto a granel y sin un mayor grado de diferenciación. Determinar la posición competitiva de la industria de la miel chilena para aumentar el valor de las exportaciones hacia Alemania, fue el objetivo de la presente memoria. Para ello fue necesario describir el desempeño de la industria chilena de miel, focalizando el análisis en las exportaciones de este producto a Alemania en el periodo 1993 al 2004; dimensionar tendencias de ese mercado y por último proponer una estrategia de marketing para la industria chilena de la miel, que contribuya a mejorar su competitividad en el mercado alemán. Se aplicaron entrevistas estructuradas (vía personal y por correo electrónico) a exportadores, productores e importadores. Paralelamente se revisó literatura especializada y se participó en reuniones de la Red Apícola Nacional. Cabe destacar que la información estadística es escasa o no existe sobre producción, número de productores y colmenas, localización, costos de producción etc. Sin embargo, con la exigencia planteada por EE.UU. y la UE a partir de enero de 2005, deberá mejorar la información disponible al abrirse el Registro Oficial de Apicultores y el Registro Oficial de Establecimientos de Exportadores de Miel.
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Bautista, Manrique Roselena. "Efecto antibacteriano de la miel de abeja en diferentes concentraciones sobre el Estreptococo Mutans." Universidad de San Martín de Porres. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2011. http://cybertesis.usmp.edu.pe/usmp/2011/bautista_ro/html/index-frames.html.
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Determinar el efecto antibacteriano de la miel de abeja en diferentes concentraciones sobre el Estreptococos mutans. Estudio experimental en 50 placas petri con Estreptococo mutans a las que se les aplicó miel de abeja en concentraciones de 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% y 100%. Se dejó incubar por 24 horas a 37ºC para luego observar el efecto antibacteriano midiendo el halo de inhibición (mm). El análisis estadístico se llevó acabo en el programa SPSS v15.0, incluyó la prueba estadística AnovaTo determine the antibacterial effect of honey in different concentrations on Streptococo mutans. Experimental study in 50 petri dishes with Streptococo mutans to wich we applied honey al concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 100%. Allowed to incubate for 24 hours al 37ºC then observe wether there was an antibacterial effect by measuring the inhibition halo (mm). Statical snalysis was carried out in SPSS v.15.0. Anova test was included