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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Abundance of individuals'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Fearnbach, Holly. "Individual-based population assessment for cetaceans : using photographs to infer abundance, demography and individual quality." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=189677.

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2

Taylor, Hannah Louise. "Quantitative detection of low abundance gene expression products in individual E. coli cells." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31258.

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Stochastic fluctuations in mRNA and protein copy number between cells are inevitable during the process gene expression, even when cells carry identical chromosomes. Such fluctuations are able to impact the phenotypic fate of the cell, and are known to have greater impact when the copy number of the molecule involved is low. Additionally, up to 50% of proteins in Escherichia coli are present in the cell at a level of 10 molecules per cell or fewer (Taniguchi et al. 2010). As such, quantification of low copy number gene expression products and their distribution in cellular populations is key i

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3

Penner, Johan. "Effect of temporal increases in prey fish abundance on individual growth rates of coastal piscivores." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-121854.

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Commercial fishing in the Baltic Sea has led to decrease in abundance of large predatory fish and as a result the predation pressure on smaller fish species has been reduced. Three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is among the species that have benefited from reduced predation pressure. Sticklebacks are a small fish species that spends its juvenile stage in coastal habitat and its adult stage in the open sea with a yearly migration from the sea to coastal habitat and lakes for spawning. Sticklebacks have been shown to have a negative effect on fry of coastal species, such as perch (

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4

Johnson, Christian I., R. Michael Rich, Nelson Caldwell, et al. "Exploring the Chemical Composition and Double Horizontal Branch of the Bulge Globular Cluster NGC 6569." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626525.

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Photometric and spectroscopic analyses have shown that the Galactic bulge cluster Terzan 5 hosts several populations with different metallicities and ages that manifest as a double red horizontal branch (HB). A recent investigation of the massive bulge cluster NGC 6569 revealed a similar, though less extended, HB luminosity split, but little is known about the cluster's detailed chemical composition. Therefore, we have used high- resolution spectra from the Magellan-M2FS and VLT-FLAMES spectrographs to investigate the chemical compositions and radial velocity distributions of red giant branch

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Johnson, Christian I., Nelson Caldwell, R. Michael Rich, et al. "Chemical Complexity in the Eu-enhanced Monometallic Globular NGC 5986." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624431.

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NGC 5986 is a poorly studied but relatively massive Galactic globular cluster that shares several physical and morphological characteristics with "iron-complex" clusters known to exhibit significant metallicity and heavy-element dispersions. In order to determine whether NGC 5986 joins the iron-complex cluster class, we investigated the chemical composition of 25 red giant branch and asymptotic giant branch cluster stars using high-resolution spectra obtained with the Magellan-M2FS instrument. Cluster membership was verified using a combination of radial velocity and [Fe/H] measurements, and w

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6

Min, M., J. Bouwman, C. Dominik, et al. "The abundance and thermal history of water ice in the disk surrounding HD 142527 from the DIGIT Herschel Key Program." EDP SCIENCES S A, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622159.

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Context. The presence or absence of ice in protoplanetary disks is of great importance to the formation of planets. By enhancing solid surface density and increasing sticking efficiency, ice catalyzes the rapid formation of planetesimals and decreases the timescale of giant planet core accretion. Aims. In this paper, we analyze the composition of the outer disk around the Herbig star HD 142527. We focus on the composition of water ice, but also analyze the abundances of previously proposed minerals. Methods. We present new Herschel far-infrared spectra and a re-reduction of archival data from

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7

Spencer, Meghin E., Mario Mateo, Matthew G. Walker, and Edward W. Olszewski. "A Multi-epoch Kinematic Study of the Remote Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Leo II." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623237.

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We conducted a large spectroscopic survey of 336 red giants in the direction of the Leo II dwarf galaxy using Hectochelle on the Multiple Mirror Telescope, and we conclude that 175 of them are members based on their radial velocities and surface gravities. Of this set, 40 stars have never before been observed spectroscopically. The systemic velocity of the dwarf is 78.3 +/- 0.6 km s(-1) with a velocity dispersion of 7.4 +/- 0.4 km s(-1). We identify one star beyond the tidal radius of Leo II but find no signatures of uniform rotation, kinematic asymmetries, or streams. The stars show a strong

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8

Farihi, J., D. Koester, B. Zuckerman, et al. "Solar abundances of rock-forming elements, extreme oxygen and hydrogen in a young polluted white dwarf." OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622949.

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The T-eff = 20 800 K white dwarf WD 1536+520 is shown to have broadly solar abundances of the major rock-forming elements O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, and Fe, together with a strong relative depletion in the volatile elements C and S. In addition to the highest metal abundances observed to date, including log (O/He) = -3.4, the helium-dominated atmosphere has an exceptional hydrogen abundance at log (H/He) = -1.7. Within the uncertainties, the metal-to-metal ratios are consistent with the accretion of an H2O-rich and rocky parent body, an interpretation supported by the anomalously high trace hydrogen.

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9

van, Haaften Lennart M., Thomas J. Maccarone, Paul H. Sell, et al. "An Excess of Low-mass X-Ray Binaries in the Outer Halo of NGC 4472." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626536.

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We present new Chandra observations of the outer halo of the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 4472 (M49) in the Virgo Cluster. The data extend to 130 kpc (28'), and have a combined exposure time of 150 ks. After identifying optical counterparts using the Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey to remove background active galactic nuclei and globular cluster (GC) sources, and correcting for completeness, we find that the number of field low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) per unit stellar V-band light increases significantly with the galactocentric radius. Because the flux limit of the complete sample corr

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10

Lim, Beomdu, Hwankyung Sung, Jinyoung S. Kim, Michael S. Bessell, Narae Hwang, and Byeong-Gon Park. "A CONSTRAINT ON THE FORMATION TIMESCALE OF THE YOUNG OPEN CLUSTER NGC 2264: LITHIUM ABUNDANCE OF PRE-MAIN SEQUENCE STARS." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622162.

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The timescale of cluster formation is an essential parameter in order to understand the formation process of star clusters. Pre-main sequence (PMS) stars in nearby young open clusters reveal a large spread in brightness. If the spread were considered to be a result of a real spread in age, the corresponding cluster formation timescale would be about 5-20 Myr. Hence it could be interpreted that star formation in an open cluster is prolonged for up to a few tens of Myr. However, difficulties in reddening correction, observational errors, and systematic uncertainties introduced by imperfect evolu

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11

Matra, L., M. A. MacGregor, P. Kalas, et al. "Detection of Exocometary CO within the 440Myr Old Fomalhaut Belt: A Similar CO+ CO2 Ice Abundance in Exocomets and Solar System Comets." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624435.

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Recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations present mounting evidence for the presence of exocometary gas released within Kuiper Belt analogs around nearby main-sequence stars. This represents a unique opportunity to study their ice reservoir at the younger ages when volatile delivery to planets is most likely to occur. We here present the detection of CO J=2-1 emission colocated with dust emission from the cometary belt in the 440 Myr old Fomalhaut system. Through spectrospatial filtering, we achieve a 5.4s detection and determine that the ring's sky-projected rotation ax

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12

Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, J. Crovisier, S. Erard, et al. "Evolution of CO2, CH4, and OCS abundances relative to H2O in the coma of comet 67P around perihelion from Rosetta/VIRTIS-H observations." OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624745.

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Infrared observations of the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko were carried out from 2015 July to September, i.e. around perihelion (2015 August 13), with the high-resolution channel of the Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer instrument onboard Rosetta. We present the analysis of fluorescence emission lines of H2O, CO2, (CO2)-C-13, OCS, and CH4 detected in limb sounding with the field of view at 2.7-5 km from the comet centre. Measurements are sampling outgassing from the illuminated Southern hemisphere, as revealed by H2O and CO2 raster maps, which show anisotropic distributions

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13

Line, Michael R., Kevin B. Stevenson, Jacob Bean, et al. "NO THERMAL INVERSION AND A SOLAR WATER ABUNDANCE FOR THE HOT JUPITER HD 209458B FROM HST /WFC3 SPECTROSCOPY." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622434.

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The nature of the thermal structure of hot Jupiter atmospheres is one of the key questions raised by the characterization of transiting exoplanets over the past decade. There have been claims that many hot Jupiters exhibit atmospheric thermal inversions. However, these claims have been based on broadband photometry rather than the unambiguous identification of emission features with spectroscopy, and the chemical species that could cause the thermal inversions by absorbing stellar irradiation at high altitudes have not been identified despite extensive theoretical and observational effort. Her

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14

Gruyters, Pieter. "Exploring the Chemical Evolution of Globular Clusters and their Stars : Observational Constraints on Atomic Diffusion and Cluster Pollution in NGC 6752 and M4." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Observationell astrofysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-230182.

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Through the cosmic matter cycle, the chemical evolution of the Milky Way is imprinted in the elemental abundance patterns of late-type stars (spectral types F to K). Due to their long lifetimes ( 1 Hubble time), these stars are of particular importance when it comes to studying the build-up of elements during the early times of our Galaxy. The chemical composition of the atmospheric layers of such stars is believed to resemble the gas from which they were formed. However, recent observations in globular clusters seem to contradict this assumption. The observations indicate that processes are a

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15

Johnson, Christian I., Nelson Caldwell, R. Michael Rich, et al. "A Chemical Composition Survey of the Iron-complex Globular Cluster NGC 6273 (M19)." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623231.

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Recent observations have shown that a growing number of the most massive Galactic globular clusters contain multiple populations of stars with different [Fe/H] and neutron-capture element abundances. NGC 6273 has only recently been recognized as a member of this "iron-complex" cluster class, and we provide here a chemical and kinematic analysis of > 300 red giant branch and asymptotic giant branch member stars using high-resolution spectra obtained with the Magellan-M2FS and VLT-FLAMES instruments. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that NGC 6273 possesses an intrinsic metallicity spread that

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16

Guiglion, Guillaume. "Étude du disque galactique par marquage chimique de ses populations stellaires." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4114/document.

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L'étude de la composition chimique et de la cinématique des étoiles de la Voie Lactée est essentielle afin de comprendre comment les grandes structures de notre Galaxie se sont formées. Les étoiles de faible masse gardent en mémoire dans leur atmosphère la composition chimique du milieu interstellaire dans lequel elles sont nées, et leur cinématique est essentielle afin de caractériser les différentes populations stellaires. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions le disque galactique, composante majeure de notre Galaxie. Dans le cadre de la mission spatiale Gaia, nous avons développé une procédure au

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17

Neves, Vasco. "Étude sur les paramétres stellaires des naines M et leur lien à la formation planétaire." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENY082/document.

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Au moment d'écrire ma Thèse plus de 900 exoplanètes été annoncées et plus de 2700 planètes détectées par le télescope spatial Kepler sont en attente d'être confirmées. La haute précision des spectres et des courbes de lumière obtenue dans les relevés Doppler et transit, permet l'étude détaillée des paramètres des étoiles hôtes, et ouvre la possibilité d'enquêter sur les corrélations étoile planètes. En outre, la détermination des paramètres stellaires avec précision est un besoin critique pour déterminer les paramètres planétaires, à savoir, la masse, le rayon et la densité.Dans le cas des nai

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18

Selinger, Allison. "Effects of cattle grazing on the food abundance of prairie bird species in Grasslands National Park, Saskatchewan." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4071.

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Grassland bird species have declined dramatically since 1966. This decline can be linked to changes in land use practices, such as grazing. I examined the effects of cattle grazing on the abundance of birds by testing the predictions of the More Individuals Hypothesis (MIH). The study was conducted in Grasslands National Park of Canada (GNPC) in Saskatchewan. Point counts were used to sample richness and relative abundance of birds. I sampled two groups of invertebrates: grasshoppers and carabid beetles. In addition, vegetation measurements were taken to assess the intensity of grazing. I foun

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19

Sakari, Charli. "Chemical Abundances of Local Group Globular Clusters." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5621.

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Detailed chemical abundances of globular clusters in the Milky Way and M31 (the Andromeda Galaxy) are presented based on analyses of high resolution spectra. The unusual Milky Way cluster Palomar 1 (Pal 1) is studied through spectra of individual red giant branch stars; these abundances show that Pal 1 is not a classical globular cluster, and may have been accreted from a dwarf satellite of the Milky Way. The Milky Way globular clusters 47 Tuc, M3, M13, NGC 7006, and M15 are studied through their integrated light (i.e. a single spectrum is obtained for each cluster) in order to test high

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20

Li, Yi-Xian, and 李宜憲. "The relationship between species abundance distributions and individual curves." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43116716742671640890.

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21

VOJÍŘOVÁ, Eva. "Individuální značení drobného hmyzu a jeho využití při popisu společenstev a migrace semiakvatických ploštic (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) stojatých i tekoucích vod Novohradských hor." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-47734.

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Experiments based on the method of mark-recapture can be used for estimation of the abundance of natural populations, for monitoring dispersion of groups or individual specimens within a population using group or individual marking. Semiaquatic bugs (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) were marked and recaptured many times in the field during research, individual marking was much less used since marking of small insects is difficult. The aim of this work is to develop a method of individual marking of semiaquatic bugs so that it would meet conditions such as durability, legibility and non affecting heal

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22

Liu, Fan. "Chemical signatures of planet formation in field and open cluster stars." Phd thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/106000.

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In this thesis, I have conducted a strictly line-by-line differential abundance analysis using high resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra of field stars (e.g., stellar binaries, terrestrial planet hosts etc.) and open cluster stars (e.g., the Hyades stars) in order to identify the chemical signatures of planet formation. The three main results from this thesis are: First, we present a detailed differential abundance analysis of the HAT-P-1 stellar binary. The secondary star in this double system is known to host a transiting giant planet wh

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