Academic literature on the topic 'Academic Population Dynamics'
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Journal articles on the topic "Academic Population Dynamics"
1
García Docampo, Manuel. "Theories of Urban Dynamics." International Journal of Population Research 2014 (December 16, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/494871.
Full textAbstract:
This paper reviews the existing analysis framework for territorial dynamics and urban growth and proposes a taxonomy of interpretive theories as well as a critical review. Specifically, the paper aims to provide four innovations to existing knowledge in this field as follows: firstly, a clear presentation of how the data of population growth of each habitat type have appeared and their academic interpretations; secondly, a reclassification of interpretative theories into three groups: the counterurban, the post-fordist, and the cyclical theories; thirdly, with the ultimate goal to analyze the suitability of interpretations to the reality, a taxonomic proposal of habitat categories being made; fourthly, the final one refering to the balance of the theoretical to the empirical reality, in light of the data currently available, using the considered methodologies. That balance allows collecting positive elements of each theory and pointing to the possibility of developing a theory of synthesis.
2
Khan, Anwar, Muhammad Anwar, and Irfan Ullah Khan. "Dynamics of Mental Health Literacy Among the Academic Staff: A Developing Country Perspective." Global Educational Studies Review III, no. I (December 30, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2018(iii-i).01.
Full textAbstract:
Universities are ideal locations for improving Mental Health Literacy and academic staff can play vital role in guiding students about mental health. However, there is scarcity of research on Mental Health Literacy in universities of Pakistan, thus indicating research gap. This research assesses faculty members’ knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes toward mental health. It also examines roles and capacities of faculty members in guiding students about mental health. Finally, it will examine relationship between demographic characteristics and Mental Health Literacy. A cross-sectional design was used. Population consisted of 441 academic staff of universities of Pakistan. A sample of 251 was obtained through Stratified Radom Sampling. Data was collected through “self-administered online questionnaire” and analyzed through descriptive statistics and Multivariate Linear Regression models. Academic staff had moderate level of knowledge about mental illnesses. They had moderate beliefs and attitudes regarding mental illness, and had played mild roles in promoting mental health among students.
3
Mokrushin, Vladimir P. "Evgeny Ivanovich Narozhny: Archaeologist and Historian of the Golden Horde’s Possessions in the North Caucasus (to mark the researcher’s sixtieth birthday)." Golden Horde Review 8, no. 4 (December 29, 2020): 822–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2020-8-4.822-836.
Full textAbstract:
Research objective: To present the key stages in the development of Evgeny Ivanovich Narozhny’s academic activity and demonstrate his major contributions to the study of the historical and archaeological heritage of the Golden Horde in the North Caucasus. Research materials: This work is based on the results of a comparative analysis of the main academic studies of E.I. Narozhny. Results and novelty of the research: This work analyzes the main directions of the academic pursuits of the researcher and gave a description of his most important conclusions regarding the political history of the Golden Horde’s dominion in the North Caucasus, the dynamics of the influx of the nomadic population, and the state’s role in the region. The author highlighted the contributions of E.I. Narozhny in the study of the ethnic and cultural emergence of nomads and their influence on the history of the North Caucasus, as well as the “urban” population of the Golden Horde, the historical geography of this state, and global historical transformations that took place within a context of shifts in material culture and a change in ideological priorities.
4
Saint-Cyr, Legrand D. F., and Laurent Piet. "mixmcm: A community-contributed command for fitting mixtures of Markov chain models using maximum likelihood and the EM algorithm." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 19, no. 2 (June 2019): 294–334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x19854015.
Full textAbstract:
Markov chain models and finite mixture models have been widely applied in various strands of the academic literature. Several studies analyzing dynamic processes have combined both modeling approaches to account for unobserved heterogeneity within a population. In this article, we describe mixmcm, a community-contributed command that fits the general class of mixed Markov chain models, accounting for the possibility of both entries into and exits from the population. To account for the possibility of incomplete information within the data (that is, unobserved heterogeneity), the model is fit with maximum likelihood using the expectation-maximization algorithm. mixmcm enables users to fit the mixed Markov chain models parametrically or semiparametrically, depending on the specifications chosen for the transition probabilities and the mixing distribution. mixmcm also allows for endogenous identification of the optimal number of homogeneous chains, that is, unobserved types or “components”. We illustrate mixmcm‘s usefulness through three examples analyzing farm dynamics using an unbalanced panel of commercial French farms.
5
Rothschild, Brian J. "On the birth and death of ideas in marine science†." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 5 (March 11, 2015): 1237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv027.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In this essay, I review six decades of my career in marine science and fisheries, considering the ideas that came and went in the period as “food for thought”. I describe my inspirations and successes, and my disappointments and failures. My activities were both administrative and research-oriented. As regards the former, I was part of major changes in ocean policy and new ocean research programmes that gave me a unique perspective. For example, I was responsible for the implementation of the US extended jurisdiction in fisheries under National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Also I conceived and led the creation of the Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics Programme (GLOBEC) and guided it in many international contexts, including its integration with the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme (IGBP). From a research standpoint, my efforts leading up to GLOBEC strongly influenced the introduction of ocean physics into biological oceanography. This led me into plankton dynamics, food signals, small-scale turbulence and physical forcing, even into the stochastic geometry of the plankton. My life-long interest in the dynamics of marine fish populations was strongly influenced by the seminal thinkers in fisheries and my research explored population regulation processes as well as practical applications of statistics and operations research to fisheries management. In my last academic post, I became founding Dean of the School for Marine Science and Technology (SMAST) at the University of Massachusetts. This position required integrating administrative and research (both pure and applied) perspectives to create an institution of academic excellence which was at the same time actively responsive to issues arising in our local, nationally prominent fisheries. I end the essay with a consideration of “what has changed”.
6
Guyer, Jane I. "African Studies: A New Tradition?" Issue: A Journal of Opinion 23, no. 1 (1995): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700008969.
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Christopher Waterman quotes a Yoruba popular performer: “Our tradition is a very modern tradition.” The Study of Africa in the U.S. is a very modern tradition in several senses. In the great scale of things, it is very recent. During the presentation of a National Academy of Sciences project on The Population Dynamics of Sub-Saharan Africa last year, it was pointed out that only ten years ago the Academy had postponed work on this topic simply because the data were judged insufficient for a scientific synthesis. And it is a modern tradition in the sense of lively expansion and mutation. Most notably, over those same ten years or so the participants in both academic and non-academic study, and in popular culture, have become far more diverse.
7
MEL'NIKOV, Roman M., and Valentina A. TESLENKO. "Evaluating the impact of changes in human capital structure on Russia's economic growth dynamics." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 20, no. 2 (February 26, 2021): 200–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.20.2.200.
Full textAbstract:
Subject. The article explores the impact of changes in the educational structure of the employed population on the dynamics of economic growth. Objectives. The purpose is to evaluate the impact of changes in the share of employed persons, having secondary vocational and higher education, and researchers with academic degree on the growth rates of the Russian economy. Methods. The study employs the regression analysis of panel data of Russian regions, the specification with a quadratic dependence of economic growth rates on the share of employed persons, having the higher education and secondary vocational education. A fixed-effects model is used to analyze the short-term effects, the sustainability of results, and long-term effects, using the pool models and random effects models. Results. The increase in the share of researchers with academic degree has a positive and significant effect on economic growth, but only if adequate R&D funding is provided. The increase in the share of employed persons with higher education up to thirty percent is accompanied by an increase in the growth rate of real GRP in the long run, however, further expansion of higher education has no positive effect on economic growth. Conclusions. A powerful form of personnel training for Russian high-tech companies is a special model of ‘industrial postgraduate training’, which involves the collaboration of universities with industrial partners.
8
Giorguli Saucedo, Silvia E., Eunice D. Vargas Valle, Viviana Salinas Ulloa, Celia Hubert, and Joseph E. Potter. "La dinámica demográfica y la desigualdad educativa en México / Demographic Dynamics and Educational Inequality in Mexico." Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/edu.v25i1.1366.
Full textAbstract:
En este trabajo se presenta una investigación sobre el vínculo entre los procesos educativos y la dinámica demográfica en México. La tradición del pensamiento sobre población y desarrollo ha partido de la hipótesis de que el ritmo de crecimiento poblacional, el tamaño de las familias y la migración influyen sobre la acumulación de capital humano entre la población en edades escolares. Se explora aquí la relación del desempeño educativo de los jóvenes entre 14 y 23 años y la razón de dependencia juvenil, la fecundidad adolescente y la migración interna e internacional; para ello se utilizan datos agregados a escala municipal del año 2000. El análisis incluye indicadores de la oferta educativa municipal basados en estadísticas administrativas de la SEP. AbstractThis paper seeks to explore the link between educational processes and Mexico’s demographic dynamic. In the tradition of thought on population and development, it has been hypothesized that the population growth rate, family size and migration influence the accumulation of human capital among the school-age population. This study explores the link between the academic performance of youth between the age of 14 and 23 and the youth dependency ratio, teenage fertility and internal and international migration, using data aggregated at the municipal level for the year 2000. The analysis uses indicators on the educational supply at the municipal level based on the administrative statistics of the Public Education Secretariat (SEP).
9
Brown, Arleen F., Keith Norris, Rachelle Bross, Yelba Castellon, Norma Mtume, D’Ann Morris, Aziza Lucas Wright, Juan Barron, Sarmen Hakopian, and Maritza Salazar Campo. "4457 Adopting a Team Science Communication Module for Community-Partnered Teams." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 4, s1 (June 2020): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2020.251.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: There is increased recognition that patients and community members are critical to creating impactful research. To this end the UCLA CTSI Community Engagement & Research Program modified an established multidisciplinary team science communication module to train academic-community research teams. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Community partners who have had previous experience in participatory research provided input such as limiting the emphases of individual academic introductions to group icebreakers (to level the playing field), reduced academic jargon to lay language, reducing the amount of text to key principles, and changed academic team scenarios for the team activity to represent community-academic teams. Academic partners articulated institutional barriers to integrating community into institutional systems. Iterative testing and modifications occurred through pilots with eleven teams (49 individuals). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Embedding community partners in team science training involved creating a level playing field with less emphasis on academic credentials, using lay language in the didactic sessions and ensuring accessibility in all aspects of the training. An example of modifications: communication scenarios were read out loud by participants, which community partners felt were not inclusive of potential varying literacy levels and all partners may not feel comfortable reading aloud in a group setting. The vignettes were replaced with short videos of the scenarios with audio recordings. Several modifications were made the training’s team activity of the training module. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Traditional academic team science training required significant modifications for an academic/community-partnered team to allow for optimal collaboration, inclusion, and strategically reduce the power dynamics that can naturally occur. Long-term followup to assess their effectiveness is needed.
10
Šimon, Martin, and Josef Bernard. "Rural Idyll Without Rural Sociology? Changing Features, Functions and Research of the Czech Countryside." Eastern European Countryside 22, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eec-2016-0003.
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AbstractThe development of the Czech countryside differs in many ways from trajectories typical for Eastern and Central European rural areas in the last 25 years. In our article, we discuss the nature of the ‘Czech exceptionalism’, with reference to three examples, namely population development, the dynamics of rural/agricultural labour markets and rural governance. Firstly, we describe the major driving forces behind rural development in Czechia over the past 25 years and how these forces are reflected in the academic discourse. Secondly, we argue that an important feature of rural regions in Czechia is their population growth combined with a rapid labour market transformation and a low social importance of agriculture. All these changes are interpreted as a shift towards multifunctionality of rural areas rather than as a general trend towards post-productivism; indeed, this is because large parts of rural areas remain economically based on industrial production. The ongoing transformations have been reflected only partially in an academic discourse. In conclusion, we argue that there is a need to re-examine the use of EEC as a concept framing the position of sociology in rural research.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Academic Population Dynamics"
1
Briggman, Kevin L. "Optical imaging of neuronal population dynamics in the leech central nervous system." Diss., Connected to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3187817.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed March 6, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-79).
2
Kimura, Kiyoshi. "Species-specific factors affecting the population dynamics of P transposable elements in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185657.
Full textAbstract:
In order to compare the population dynamics of P elements in the sibling species D. melanogaster and D. simulans, three sets of studies were performed. In a series of comparative mixed population experiments, P-M mixed populations of D. melanogaster evolved into P or Q populations, depending on the strength of the P strains used as the original parental strains. However, no mixed populations of D. simulans evolved into P populations; even when the strongest P strains of D. simulans were used, all mixed populations evolved into Q or M' populations. Using an excision assay system, excision frequencies in a variety of strains of D. melanogaster and D. simulans were measured. On average, excision frequencies of P elements from plasmids were significantly lower in D. simulans than in D. melanogaster. In addition, there were no statistically significant correlations between GD sterility and excision frequencies. Using single neomycin -marked P elements, transposition frequencies of P elements were compared in D. melanogaster and D. simulans. As with excision frequencies, transposition frequencies were lower in D. simulans than in D. melanogaster. In addition, the position of the original insertion site had a strong effect on transposition frequency. All of these three experiments showed significantly lower average activity of P elements in D. simulans than in D. melanogaster. This consistency suggests that the three sets of results were influenced either directly and/or indirectly by common factors, such as host-encoded factors. Therefore, differences in the activity of P elements in these two species may be influenced by different host-encoded factors. The absence of P elements in natural populations of D. simulans may also be explained by the presence of different host factors.
3
Thomas, Brittany L., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Population density, spatial dynamics and territoriality in vervet monkeys." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Psychology, c2013, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3456.
Full textAbstract:
Vervet
monkeys
(Chlorocebus
pygerythrus)
are
generally
described
as
a
territorial
species,
though
variations
in
territoriality
have
been
observed.
This
research
examined
the
impact
of
high
population
density,
large
group
sizes
and
extensively
overlapping
home
ranges
on
the
expression
of
territoriality
in
a
population
of
vervet
monkeys.
Over
a
period
of
eighteen
months,
data
were
collected
on
three
large
troops
of
vervet
monkeys
(PTN
=
31,
RBMN
=
39,
RSTN
=
57)
on
the
Samara
Game
Reserve,
South
Africa.
I
examined
the
spatial
dynamics
demonstrated
in
this
population,
assed
the
extent
and
use
of
home
range
overlap
and
examined
the
occurrence
of
intertroop
encounters
in
relation
to
mate
defence,
resource
defence
and
home
range
defence.
The
home
ranges
of
the
troops
in
this
study
population
overlap
substantially,
and
overlap
areas
are
exploited
extensively.
The
frequency
of
occurrence
of
intertroop
encounters
does
not
increase
in
the
mating
season,
nor
is
there
evidence
of
the
defence
of
particular
food
patches
or
home
range
defence.
The
findings
from
this
thesis
emphasize
the
importance
of
examining
the
expression
of
territoriality
of
a
population
within
the
context
of
its
environment.xvi, 125 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
4
Stephens, Elizabeth. "Population dynamics and environmental factors influencing herbs in intact and degraded Florida Rosemary scrub." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5705.
Full textAbstract:
Species have complex and contextual relationships with their environment; both the relative contributions of life-history stages to population growth and the effect of environmental factors on each stage can be different among co-existing species. Timing and extent of reproduction, survival, and mortality determine population growth, species distributions, and assemblage patterns. I evaluate the role of habitat (intact, degraded) and microsite (shrub, leaf litter, bare sand) on population dynamics of Florida scrub herbs. Isolated overgrown shrubs and extensive bare sand areas in degraded scrub were expected to decrease seed predation, reduce competition of herbs with shrubs, and provide larger habitat for recruitment. I provide evidence that habitat and microsite variation influenced demography of five endemic and two common native species through effects on seed removal, emergence, and establishment. Habitat and species affected seed removal: endemic species with large seeds were removed in higher frequency in degraded habitat, likely by vertebrates, while species with small seeds were removed in higher frequency in intact habitat, by invertebrates. There was no evidence of differences in individual seed production between habitats for the two common species, C. fasciculata and B. angustifolia. Invertebrates were primarily responsible for seed removal of both species, although peak season of removal and microsite varied with species. Removal of seeds, emergence, and establishment increased with seed density. Matrix modeling indicated that population growth of C. fasciculata was greater in degraded habitat and greatest in litter microsites, and population growth of B. angustifolia was similar between habitats and greatest in bare sand. Contrasting responses among species to environmental factors in intact and degraded scrub indicated that natural disturbances are not ecologically equivalent to anthropogenic disturbances. Idiosyncratic species dynamics in common environments suggest that understanding relationships between life-history traits and environmental conditions will be required to facilitate restoration.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Biology
Sciences
Conservation Biology; Ecology and Organismal Biology
5
Teague, Kara Elizabeth. "Environmental ramification of the fire ecology of slash pine (Pinus elliottii) [electronic resource] : a study of population dynamimcs and dispersal following a fire event. / by Kara Elizabeth Teague." University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000089.
Full textAbstract:
Title from PDF of title page.Document formatted into pages; contains 78 pages.
Thesis (M.S.)--University of South Florida, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references.
Text (Electronic thesis) in PDF format.
ABSTRACT: With increasing encroachment on natural communities by anthropogenic activity, it is important to understand the functions of natural ecosystems in an effort to conserve natural areas. A first-hand study of the population dynamics of South Florida Slash Pine (P. elliottii Engelm. var. densa) following a fire event provided insight to its recovery and dispersal following a fire. A natural fire (lightning-induced) occurred in the spring of 2000 at the T. Mabry Carlton, Jr. Reserve, Sarasota County, providing an opportunity to study aspects of slash pine in relation to fire. One objective of my research was to look at dispersal/recruitment conditions and slash pine dynamics in relation to fire. I looked at the varying degrees of tree mortality due to fire at different stands of slash pines.
ABSTRACT: I also looked at the stands in terms of stand composition and spatial arrangement of surviving adults. Finally, I studied how variable seedling establishment and survival was between stands. Few inferences could be drawn between fire and these individual analyses; however, all analyses revealed that at the scale of this study, pine flatwoods are patchy. I also looked at the dispersal of slash pines following a fire event. I modeled my research after Ribbens et al. (1994) and Clark et al. (1998), who took a phenomenological approach to dispersal modeling. This approach involved using distances between adults and seeds/seedlings and fecundity of adults to create dispersal models based on maximum likelihood estimates (MLE). I found that, while I could predict a model within acceptable parameters for most of the stands, more data was needed to predict models that better fit the data.
ABSTRACT: This finding, along with the fact that I recovered no seed data for analysis, suggests factors are contributing to dispersal and recruitment (e.g. cone-crop) that need to be accounted for in the future.
System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
6
Stretch, Anne-Marie. "A modelling approach to elephant and tree population dynamics for a small game farm." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/110.
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Thesis (M.Tech.: Information Technology)-Durban Institute of Technology, 2005
iii, iii, 85 leavesThroughout Africa, growing human populations and resulting loss of wildlife habitat is a critical issue for most animal species. It is more and more common for privately owned small or medium sized farms to reintroduce wildlife on their land and such protected areas are fast becoming the only refuges available to wild animals. However a comprehensive understanding of the complex ecological processes taking place is vital for the effective management of restricted areas and the conservation of biodiversity. Due to the enormous complexity of an ecological system and the long periods of the related dynamics, it is very difficult to analyse the interaction between animals and plant populations without suitable computer models. In this thesis, the dynamics between elephant and trees (a major food source) are considered using computer simulations.
Books on the topic "Academic Population Dynamics"
1
Coulson, Graeme, and Mark Eldridge, eds. Macropods. CSIRO Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643098183.
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This book covers the proceedings of a major 2006 symposium on macropods that brought together the many recent advances in the biology of this diverse group of marsupials, including research on some of the much neglected macropods such as
the antilopine wallaroo, the swamp wallaby and tree-kangaroos.
More than 80 authors have contributed 32 chapters, which are grouped into four themes: genetics, reproduction and development; morphology and physiology; ecology; and management.
The book examines such topics as embryonic development, immune function, molar progression and mesial drift, locomotory energetics, non-shivering thermogenesis, mycophagy, habitat preferences, population dynamics, juvenile mortality in drought,
harvesting, overabundant species, road-kills, fertility control, threatened species, cross-fostering, translocation and reintroduction. It also highlights the application of new techniques, from genomics to GIS.
Macropods is an important reference for academics and students, researchers in molecular and ecological sciences, wildlife and park managers, and naturalists.
2
Biel Portero, Israel, Andrea Carolina Casanova Mejía, Amanda Janneth Riascos Mora, Alba Lucy Ortega Salas, Luis Andrés Salas Zambrano, Franco Andrés Montenegro Coral, Julie Andrea Benavides Melo, et al. Challenges and alternatives towards peacebuilding. Edited by Ángela Marcela Castillo Burbano and Claudia Andrea Guerrero Martínez. Ediciones Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/9789587602388.
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Rural development and peacebuilding in Colombia have been highly prioritized by higher education institutions since the signing of the Peace Agreement between the National Government and the FARC-EP. This has resulted in the need to further analyze rural strategies that contribute towards a better life for the population of territories where armed conflict is coming to an end, whilst understanding the pressing uncertainty that this process implies; on the one hand, for the urgency of generating rapid and concrete responses to social justice and equity, and on the other, because fulfilling the agreement guarantees scenarios of non-repetition of the war in the country. These were some of the reflections that motivated the research project “Rural development alternatives for peacebuilding: educational strategies to strengthen the ability of producers and young people that contribute to the coffee production chain in the municipalities of Leiva, Policarpa and Los Andes of the department of Narino, with international impact in the province of Carchi-Ecuador”. This work is presented as an investigative result that contains the analysis of theoretical and territorial Dynamic contributions regarding the construction of peace, education and the economy for rural development. The book is made up of three parts: Part 1 gathers sociological, legal and demographic works on the challenges of peacebuilding with the national and departmental context of Narino, and looks at human rights from the perspective of population health and quality of life. Part 2 presents texts on the dynamics of rural education in Colombia; national challenges and lessons learned based on case studies of specific forms of education. Part 3 presents economic analyses regarding the models that are behind the conception of rural development and the productive and institutional dynamics of the local sphere for the generation of employment and income. All three parts are relevant at both the national level and also the more specific area of the department of Narino and within this, the Cordillera region. This area, historically affected by the armed conflict, despite experiencing continuing uncertainty regarding the resurgence of violence and the increase in illegal crops, has also reignited hope with regards to finding solutions to the problems seen in the countryside; through educational, community and productive experiments. Although there are contradictory dynamics, the authors agree that the rural territory is a scene of permanent and collective construction, mediated by constant social struggles and power disputes with the State. It is therefore necessary to rethink the strategies for implementing the Peace Agreement in this region, with participatory scenarios being provided to include the rationale specific to rurality, such as: justice and reconciliation, social pedagogy, pertinence of study and student retention rates, social and solidarity economy, productive associativity, demographic conditions and health; including the physical, mental and social wellbeing of rural workers. With this work, we hope to reflect collectively with academics and human rights activists, spurring an increase in studies of rural areas and those analyses of community and innovative strategies that reinforce the road towards the construction of a lasting peace with social justice in Colombia.
3
Albert, Mathias, and Tobias Werron, eds. What in the World? Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529213317.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Analysing social change has too often been characterized by parochialism, either a Eurocentrism that projects European experience outwards or a disciplinary narrowness that ignores insights from other academic disciplines. This book moves beyond these limits to develop a global perspective on social change. The book provincializes Europe in order to analyse European modernity as the product of global developments. It provides a range of promising theoretical approaches, analytical takes and substantive research areas that offer new vistas for understanding change on a global scale. The book begins with the questions that need to be addressed when thinking about global social change. It discusses the cross-fertilizations between the various branches of global history, world society theories, global historical sociology, postcolonial studies, and theories of international relations. It moves on to explore the possibilities of a fruitful exchange between world society theory and global history approaches, and develops a new perspective on fundamental problems of periodization that goes beyond postcolonial criticism. The book explores how the Bourdieusian field theory can be deployed to make sense of global dynamics. It next investigates the emergence of the idea of international organization in the nineteenth century and argues that the perception of organization for the world accompanied the foundation of states from the very beginning. It discusses how an international political system was eventually established while being theoretically anchored in the world society approaches of modern systems theory, and analyzes the history and effects of third-party actors in global military affairs. The book concludes by examining the global numerical statistics on territories, populations, and economic potentials over the past centuries that have created a vast political space in which the nation features as a result.
Book chapters on the topic "Academic Population Dynamics"
1
Veech, Joseph A. "Ecology and Wildlife Ecology as Distinct Academic Disciplines." In Habitat Ecology and Analysis, 29–38. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829287.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
As academic disciplines ecology and wildlife ecology both recognize the importance of habitat to the daily survival of individuals and long-term persistence of populations. Although the explicit and direct study of habitat originally emerged in ecology, wildlife ecologists historically have been more involved in its study and in the analysis of species–habitat relationships. This is partly due to wildlife ecologists being interested in habitat management for particular species and applying a resource-based concept of habitat to better understand population growth rates, particularly for harvested or hunted species. In the 1930s onward for several decades, Aldo Leopold played a prominent role in establishing wildlife ecology (and management) as its own academic field and practice. Leopold was keenly aware of population dynamics although he seemed to not directly link his empirical observations of population fluctuations to any of the emerging mathematical population growth models of the day. This may have also indirectly allowed the early growth of wildlife ecology to proceed without any of its own emergent theory. Despite historical, paradigmatic, practical, and subject matter differences between the two disciplines, both are becoming more similar to one another as interdisciplinary collaboration and communication continue to increase.
2
Nadkarni, Nalini M., and Robert O. Lawton. "Ecosystem Ecology and Forest Dynamics." In Monteverde. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195095609.003.0015.
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The earth’s surface supports living organisms and their environments to form the biosphere, a thin film of life around the planet. Organisms participate in interacting systems or communities, and these communities are coupled to their environments by the transfer of matter and energy and by movements of air, water, and organisms. Human activities in Monteverde and elsewhere can drastically alter forest ecosystems. Textbooks on ecosystem ecology typically include such topics as community structure and composition (including plant growth forms, vertical structure, niche space, species diversity), communities and environments (species distributions along environmental gradients, community classification, succession), production (food chains and webs, decomposition and detritus, photosynthesis), and nutrient cycling (mineral nutrition of organisms, soil development, biogeochemistry). Our understanding of tropical ecosystem ecology generally falls short of what we know of other aspects of tropical biology. There are far more studies concerning population biology, autecology, and life history of tropical organisms than nutrient cycling, productivity, and landscape ecology. This pattern is true in Monteverde and in such well-studied tropical forests as La Selva, Barro Colorado Island (BCI), and the Luquillo National Forest (Lugo and Lowe 1995, McDade et al. 1994). Logistical blocks to ecosystem research exist because collaborating teams of scientists are typically needed to tackle the multiple disciplines that ecosystem-level questions require, which demands a large infrastructure and budget. Temporal problems exist because ecosystem-level phenomena (e.g., tree mortality and forest regeneration) may involve time scales longer than the life of a single granting period or lifetime of a researcher. A strong academic base for ecosystem ecology is lacking because the pool of existing studies is too small to draw patterns and extrapolate trends. These obstacles have not often been overcome in Monteverde. No Monteverde institution has provided the infrastructure to support ecosystem research (e.g., laboratory facilities, meteorological station, technical library). Some community members have negative feelings about experimental manipulations and destructive sampling sometimes needed to answer ecosystem ecology questions. From the 1970s to the 1990s, Organization for Tropical Studies (OTS) courses were in Monteverde and in such well-studied tropical forests as La Selva, Barro Colorado Island (BCI), and the Luquillo National Forest (Lugo and Lowe 1995, McDade et al. 1994).
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Cervellati, Matteo, and Uwe Sunde. "Conclusion and Outlook." In Demographic Change and Long-Run Development. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262036627.003.0012.
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This concluding chapter discusses this book's origins in the argument that the demographic transition is a key turning point for long-run development, not only in terms of a change in the regime of population dynamics toward low fertility and mortality, but also in the process of long-run economic development. The observed similarities in the transition process across space and time suggest that a better understanding of the reasons for such occurrences as the delay in the development of some countries might provide insights that are relevant beyond academic interest. The chapter argues that more interdisciplinary work between economists, demographers, and historians are needed to address the many facets that are covered only in passing, or not at all.
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Rury, John L. "Uniting and Dividing a Heartland Metropolis." In Creating the Suburban School Advantage, 44–75. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501748394.003.0003.
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This chapter introduces metropolitan Kansas City as the site for a case study to examine the dynamics of suburban development and its implications for educational inequality. Following the lead of its city manager Perry Cookingham, Kansas City, Missouri, undertook an aggressive program of annexation to foreclose the negative effects of suburban development on the central city, expanding its boundaries substantially. Cookingham's plan did not include annexation of school districts, however, and as a result the enlarged municipality contained all or parts of more than a dozen districts, a development that would have important consequences. At the same time, suburbanization resulted in population shifts across the area, with affluent and college-educated adults settling in suburban communities, especially in Johnson County, Kansas. This too would have important educational consequences, giving suburban schools on the Kansas side of the state line a particular advantage in terms of academic attainment and achievement. It also relegated the schools of Kansas City, Missouri, to a range of problems associated with concentrated poverty and declining revenues.
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Hardin, Garrett. "Carrying Capacity." In Living within Limits. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195078114.003.0026.
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An often quoted passage of Arthur Conan Doyle's story "Silver Blaze" makes the point that the absence of data can be a datum. When the mystery of the purloined racehorse seems insoluble, Police Inspector Gregory asks Sherlock Holmes:… "Is there any point to which you would wish to draw my attention?" "To the curious incident of the dog in the night-time." "The dog did nothing in the night-time." "That was the curious incident," remarked Sherlock Holmes…. The dog that does not bark attracts no attention to itself. It takes insight to recognize that a nonhappening can be an alarm. Herman Daly showed a Holmeslike insight when he called attention to the bark that was absent from a would-be authoritative study made by a group of economists reporting to the prestigious National Research Council in 1986 on population growth and economic development. In 108 pages of text there is not a single mention of carrying capacity, a concept that should be central to all discussions of population and environment. It is as though gravity were left out of a treatise on the dynamics of the solar system; or assets and liabilities were left out of a textbook on business accounting. If civilization survives another century, and if there are still economists, a history of what will then be called "modern economics" may well begin with a belittling account of the "premodern" economics of the twentieth century in which carrying capacity plays no role. Nothing shows so well the impermeability of the barriers between academic disciplines as the silence of economists about a concept that dominates discussions of game management, a discipline concerned with population and environment problems as they affect animals other than Homo sapiens. Economists, dealing only with human populations, probably unconsciously embrace the human exemptionist doctrine (Chapter 15), though their commitment is seldom no more than implicit in their statements (Box 20-1). Two serious criticisms can be leveled against most of the authors quoted in the box. First, it is obvious that they desperately yearn for a world without limits. This is particularly evident in the last quotation, by Gro Harlem Brundtland, who chaired the United Nations commission that issued this statement. One can praise the heart of the commission without agreeing with the head.
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Güler, Hüseyin, and Erkan Erdil. "Does Participation in International R&D Networks Enhance Local Dynamism?" In Handbook of Research on Cultural and Economic Impacts of the Information Society, 203–32. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8598-7.ch009.
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This chapter which is in line with the global pipelines-local buzz framework addresses the collaboration dynamics of ICT researchers from universities of an emerging economy who are mostly benefiting from national funds and do not have dominating or core roles in international R&D networks. It provides a novel taxonomy to identify the degree of globalisation versus localisation of ICT scientists in Turkey. Based on international and national project portfolios of Turkish ICT researchers who participated in FP6 and other international projects between 2003 and 2006, four groups (gatekeepers, externally oriented researchers, internally oriented researchers, inactive researchers) were formed in terms of their degree of local or global focus. For the period of 2007–2013, the performance of the same population was traced with respect to its international or national project density, publication output, involvement in decision making processes on academic project funding, and contribution to R&D capacity development in the private sector. Findings show that that most of the researchers who are engaged in international collaboration are also locally active and they seem to be the most productive actors within the four groups. The study also implies that having a strong project portfolio at both national and international levels relates to having a work experience abroad after the PhD fulfilment and being at a university with advanced research ecosystem in Turkey. This chapter concludes with key policy recommendations, highlighting the need on moving beyond one-size-fits-all policies which should take in to account the heterogeneity, differentiation on career levels, national priorities and capacity requirements of the research ecosystem.
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Kangas, Kalle, and Jussi Puhakainen. "Web-Based Seminar Work." In Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies, 347–59. IGI Global, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-878289-60-5.ch022.
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Telecommunications are vital devices for researchers to exchange information between researchers located in different places around the globe. This kind of exchange can be regarded as external concerning individual institutions. But also internally there are people with matching interests. Why should they hold their seminars or meetings gathering in one place face-to-face at the pre-agreed point of time? This question has lately puzzled the academic community, and will still puzzle during the years to come. Further questions also arise: Will the Internet and WWW technology provide novel solutions? Does the new technology drastically change the dynamics of such group gatherings? The Internet must be seen more than a new medium. It is an infrastructure for commerce, a universal conduit of ideas, a parallel universe where people are exchanging information on an unprecedented scale (Schwartz 1997). Changes in the modes of communication are also emerging. We have at our disposal a powerful medium suited for one-to-one and many-to-many communications (Hoffman and Novak, 1996). On a practical level these developments can be seen in the speed of diffusion of this new technology. Finland, for instance, has turned out to be one of the densest Internet countries in the world. There are 500,000 daily and one million weekly Internet-users (Finland has a total population of 5.1 million). Thirty-six per cent of all the users classify as students, which is not surprising, since all universities in Finland have Internet connections and e-mail addresses available for student use (TOY Research 11/1998). The Internet is also by nature an open system. Thus, in practice for the first time, we now have at our disposal a tool that allows us easily to connect and work within the university as well as with other universities.
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Ortloff, Charles R. "Introduction." In Water Engineering in the Ancient World. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199239092.003.0003.
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The purpose of this book is six-fold: . to introduce the technical advances and historical development of selected irrigation-based, hydraulic societies of the pre-Columbian New World (Peru, Bolivia, and Guatemala) and describe their contributions to the history of the hydraulic sciences; to record the final testament from sites now destroyed by modern development or natural erosion processes that contain information on technology achievements . to address open questions in the archaeological literature regarding hydraulic and hydrological issues for Old World, New World, and South- East Asian societies with new information and research results from computational Xuid dynamics (CFD) computer modelling studies; to present Wndings relevant to hydraulic sciences from sites not previously reported in the literature . to introduce new findings from analysis of selected water systems of the ancient Old World and South-East Asia (specifically Petra, Ephesos, Priene, Aspendos, Caesarea, Angkor Wat, and Bali) related to innovations in hydraulics technology . to present mathematical models and examples of the working dynamics of New World hydraulic societies that show that their underlying actions are based on logical economic and engineering principles that maximize food resources commensurate with population growth and climatic challenges . to show that ancient NewWorld societies installed and managed urban and agricultural water systems based on sound engineering principles that took into account climate variations (floods and droughts) and developed defensive hydraulic strategies to combat their negative effects . to provide insight into the thought processes of the technocrats of ancient societies responsible for agricultural development and use of land and water resources through application of engineering principles (as they understood them); to discuss facets of their administrative structure and political economy, and show that technical innovation altered the historical development of societies through increased economic advantages. One path in the development of history of technology originates from discovery processes that utilize archival historical and archaeological resources. From these sources, early scientific and engineering principles that form the technology foundation of modern societies are uncovered, analysed, and categorized and then shown to be early steps to later useful, modern inventions. An alternative, but less deterministic, path originates from the viewpoint that while some engineering developments may serve a society dealing with survival and economic development issues, they represent an empirical trial-and-error process with no real understanding of underlying scientific principles and thus hold only academic interest with minor relevance to the history of science.
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Honorato-Cia, Cristina, Stefan De Hert, Edoardo De Robertis, and Ioana Grigoras. "Who Will Take Care of Me?" In Research Anthology on Changing Dynamics of Diversity and Safety in the Workforce, 752–66. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-2405-6.ch038.
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Foreseeing the needs and availability of anaesthesiologists across Europe is a challenging task. This is influenced by different factors that include the composition of the workforce and the organization and structure of health services in every country. Some trends call for attention, such as changes in work patterns brought about by an ageing specialist population, the increasing numbers of women in anaesthesia, or cultural and societal shifts towards work-life balance. Anaesthesiology is a challenging specialty with an expanding scope of practice, requiring highly motivated professionals, frequent long work hours, and addressing stressful situations often. To ensure quality anaesthesia provision, the wellbeing of this diverse population of anaesthesiologists should be addressed. Achieving rational and flexible work hours, adequate compensation, and promotion of a workplace culture that fosters safety, motivation to learn, and equal opportunities for leadership or academia positions are challenges to be addressed to make sure that excellence in patient care is maintained.
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Young, Kenneth R., and Mark A. Blumler. "Biogeography." In Geography in America at the Dawn of the 21st Century. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198233923.003.0011.
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Biogeographers study the distributions of organisms and the systems those species inhabit. Biogeography can be viewed both as a form of geographical enquiry applied to plants and animals, and also as a biological science concerned with geography. Thus, biogeography is interdisciplinary, like other “composite” sciences such as geomorphology (Bauer 1996; Osterkamp and Hupp 1996). Veblen (1989) provided an overview of biogeography in the late 1980s. He commented on the nature of biogeography as practiced in academic geography programs, finding most similarity in approach and subject matter with ecologists and ecology. Three broad research orientations can be identified (K. R. Young 1995): ecological, evolutionary, and applied. Each orientation includes both theoretical frameworks and empirical foundations. Ecological approaches relate plant and animal distributions to current biological and physical processes, including interactions among species, precipitation and temperature regimes, and soil nutrient dynamics. Evolutionary approaches accommodate genetic and population changes in species over long time-periods, in addition to historical processes as affected by Earth history, plate tectonics, and climate change; these approaches have been labeled as “classical biogeography” (Veblen 1989). Complete biogeographical explanations often require detailed information on both ecological conditions and historical changes over centuries or millennia or even millions of years. Biogeographical approaches also are applied to the evaluation of important societal issues, for example through the study of nature reserves. Of practical and theoretical concern are situations where species or their distributions and abundances are modified by human influences. This is the part of biogeography closest to geography’s mainstream research interests in human–nature interrelations, and is called “cultural biogeography.” Some people characterize geography as the study of the Earth as modified by humans; in this case, biological geography (biogeography) would include the study of how species and living land cover have been altered by people. Species distributions can change over short and long time-scales (Hengeveld 1990; Dingle 1996). Biogeographers who study the shifting spatial distribution patterns of specific species of plants or animals often focus their research on biophysical factors that determine the range limits of the species and how those factors change through time. These controls include the effects of other organisms, the physical conditions of the environment, and disturbance.
Conference papers on the topic "Academic Population Dynamics"
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"Perspectives on Historically Marginalized Doctoral Students in the United States and South Africa." In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4210.
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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the International Journal of Doctoral Studies, Volume 14] Aim/Purpose: This work expands discussions on the application of cultural frameworks on research in doctoral education in the United States and South Africa. There is an emphasis on identifying and reinterpreting the doctoral process where racial and cultural aspects have been marginalized by way of legacies of exclusions in both contexts. An underlying premise of this work is to support representation of marginalized students within the context of higher education internationalization. Background: Decades of reporting provide evidence of statistical portraits on degree attainment. Yet, some large-scale reporting does not include representation of historically marginalized groups until the 1970’s in the United States, and the 2000’s for South Africa. With the growth of internationalization in higher education, examination of the impact of marginalization serves to support representation of diversity-focused discussions in the development of regional international education organizations, multilateral networks, and cross-collaborative teaching and research projects. Methodology: Qualitative research synthesis of literature focused on a dimensional framework of diversity provides a basis for this discussion paper regarding the potential of Sankofa as a cultural framework for examining the historically marginalized doctoral experience in the United States and South Africa. Contribution: A major contribution of this work offers critical questions on the use of cultural frameworks in doctoral education in the US and South Africa and broader dynamics of higher education internationalization. Findings: Sankofa reveals critical insight for reinterpretation of the doctoral process through comparison of perspectives on the historically marginalized doctoral experience in the United States and South Africa. They include consideration of the social developments leading to the current predicament of marginalization for students; awareness of the different reporting strategies of data; implementation of cultural frameworks to broaden the focus on how to understand student experiences; and, an understanding of the differences in student-faculty relationships. Recommendations for Practitioners: Recommendations for practitioners highlight the application of cultural frameworks in the development and implementation of practical strategies in the support of historically marginalized doctoral students. Recommendations for Researchers: Recommendations for researchers consider the application of cultural frameworks in the development of scholarship supporting historically marginalized doctoral students within a global context. Impact on Society: Intended outcomes for this work include increasing awareness about historically marginalized doctoral students. Recommendations are focused on improving their academic and career experiences in the United States and South Africa with global implications for this student population. Future Research: Future research should consider the application of cultural frameworks when examining the historically marginalized doctoral experience within global, national, and local contexts.
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Fernanda Pereira de Oliveira Souza, Layla, Anthone Mateus Magalhães Afonso, and Teresa Claudina de Oliveira Cunha. "The use of Technologies based on social networks for the dissemination of scientific studies and papers." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Perspectivas Online: Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8876113220212447.
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The main objective of this research is to identify the digital social networks used as a tool for disseminating scientific papers.The focus of this study and investigation is to assess the contribution of online environments to maximize the publication of scientific research. The research population involved 119 professors who work in higher education institutions.It is a mixed methods research, as far asit combined and integrated quantitative and qualitative data. Therefore, anonline questionnaire was used as data collection instrument, containing open, closed and multiple choice questions. Theresultsich highlight indicators and important subsidies for the research problem questions: digital social networks for scientific dissemination, science and network communication. The analysis and integration of data made it possible to understand the role of digital social networks in contemporary society in terms of making the publicizing of science more dynamic, as well as the construction of a network of teaching and scientific research, integrating professors and student researchers. One can also understand the social representation of the meaning and importance of “scientific research” and its “contribution to academic training