Relevant bibliographies by topics / ACCELEROMETRI

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Academic literature on the topic 'ACCELEROMETRI'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "ACCELEROMETRI"

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Roth, Marilyn A., and Jennifer S. Mindell. "Who Provides Accelerometry Data? Correlates of Adherence to Wearing an Accelerometry Motion Sensor: The 2008 Health Survey for England." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 10, no. 1 (January 2013): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.10.1.70.

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Background:Use of objective physical activity measures is rising. We investigated the representativeness of survey participants who wore an accelerometer.Methods:4273 adults aged 16+ from a cross-sectional survey of a random, nationally representative general population sample in England in 2008 were categorized as 1) provided sufficient accelerometry data [4−7 valid days (10+ hrs/d), n = 1724], 2) less than that (n = 237), or 3) declined (n = 302). Multinomial logistic regression identified demographic, socioeconomic, health, lifestyle, and biological correlates of participants in these latter 2 groups, compared with those who provided sufficient accelerometry data (4+ valid days).Results:Those in the random subsample offered the accelerometer were older and more likely to be retired and to report having a longstanding limiting illness than the rest of the adult Health Survey for England participants. Compared with those providing sufficient accelerometery data, those wearing the accelerometer less were younger, less likely to be in paid employment, and more likely to be a current smoker. Those who declined to wear an accelerometer did not differ significantly from those who wore it for sufficient time.Conclusions:We found response bias in wearing the accelerometers for sufficient time, but refusers did not differ from those providing sufficient data. Differences should be acknowledged by data users.
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Evenson, Kelly R., Elissa Scherer, Kennedy M. Peter, Carmen C. Cuthbertson, and Stephanie Eckman. "Historical development of accelerometry measures and methods for physical activity and sedentary behavior research worldwide: A scoping review of observational studies of adults." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 21, 2022): e0276890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276890.

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This scoping review identified observational studies of adults that utilized accelerometry to assess physical activity and sedentary behavior. Key elements on accelerometry data collection were abstracted to describe current practices and completeness of reporting. We searched three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus) on June 1, 2021 for articles published up to that date. We included studies of non-institutionalized adults with an analytic sample size of at least 500. The search returned 5686 unique records. After reviewing 1027 full-text publications, we identified and abstracted accelerometry characteristics on 155 unique observational studies (154 cross-sectional/cohort studies and 1 case control study). The countries with the highest number of studies included the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan. Fewer studies were identified from the continent of Africa. Five of these studies were distributed donor studies, where participants connected their devices to an application and voluntarily shared data with researchers. Data collection occurred between 1999 to 2019. Most studies used one accelerometer (94.2%), but 8 studies (5.2%) used 2 accelerometers and 1 study (0.6%) used 4 accelerometers. Accelerometers were more commonly worn on the hip (48.4%) as compared to the wrist (22.3%), thigh (5.4%), other locations (14.9%), or not reported (9.0%). Overall, 12.7% of the accelerometers collected raw accelerations and 44.6% were worn for 24 hours/day throughout the collection period. The review identified 155 observational studies of adults that collected accelerometry, utilizing a wide range of accelerometer data processing methods. Researchers inconsistently reported key aspects of the process from collection to analysis, which needs addressing to support accurate comparisons across studies.
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Gewolb, Ira H., and Frank L. Vice. "Use of a non-invasive accelerometric method for diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux in premature infants." Journal of Perinatology 41, no. 8 (March 23, 2021): 1879–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41372-021-01034-5.

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Abstract Objective To evaluate the clinical usefulness of a non-invasive accelerometric device to diagnose GER in preterm babies. Study design An accelerometer was taped over the sub-xiphoid process in 110 preterm (GA 29.6 ± 3.3 wk) infants (133 studies). Low frequency, sub-audible signals were captured via digital recording (sampling rate 200 Hz), then re-sampled (rate = 60 Hz) to create a spectrogram (focused range 0–30 Hz). Mean amplitude in the focused range was calculated. Results Of 85 studies with simultaneous pH-metry and accelerometry, 18 had concurrent positive and 23 had concurrent negative scores, 42 had negative pH scores when accelerometry was positive (≥1 µV), consistent with non-acid reflux. Eleven infants at high risk of aspiration received surgical interventions. All but 1 had negative pH scores while 10/11 had positive accelerometry. Conclusions The non-invasiveness of this accelerometric technique allows for GER screening and for repeated testing to assess efficacy of interventions.
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Kelly, Stephen J., Aron J. Murphy, Mark L. Watsford, Damien Austin, and Michael Rennie. "Reliability and Validity of Sports Accelerometers During Static and Dynamic Testing." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 10, no. 1 (January 2015): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0408.

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Purpose:To investigate the validity and reliability of accelerometry of the SPI-ProX II dual data logger (GPSports, Canberra, Australia).Methods:Controlled laboratory assessments determined the accuracy and reproducibility of raw accelerometer data. Intra- and interdevice reliability assessed the ability of the SPI-ProX II accelerometers to repeatedly measure peak gravitational accelerations (g) during impact-based testing. Static and dynamic validity testing assessed the accuracy of SPI-ProX II accelerometers against a criterion-referenced accelerometer. Dynamic validity was assessed over a range of frequencies from 5 to 15 Hz.Results:Intradevice reliability found no differences (P < .05) between 4 SPI-ProX II accelerometers, with a low coefficient of variation (1.87–2.21%). SPI-ProX II accelerometers demonstrated small to medium effect-size (ES) differences (0.10–0.44) between groups and excellent interdevice reliability, with no difference found between units (F = 0.826, P = .484). Validity testing revealed significant differences between devices (P = .001), with high percentage differences (27.5–30.5%) and a large ES (>3.44).Conclusions:SPI-ProX II accelerometers demonstrated excellent intra- and interaccelerometer reliability. However, static and dynamic validity were poor, and caution is recommended when measuring the absolute magnitude of acceleration, particularly for high-frequency movements. Regular assessment of individual devices is advised, particularly for mechanical damage and signal-drift errors. It is recommended that guidelines be provided by the manufacturer on measuring shifts in the base accelerometer signal, including time frames for assessing accelerometer axis, magnitude of errors, and calibration of accelerometers from a stable reference point.
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Bolton, Samantha, Nick Cave, Naomi Cogger, and G. R. Colborne. "Use of a Collar-Mounted Triaxial Accelerometer to Predict Speed and Gait in Dogs." Animals 11, no. 5 (April 27, 2021): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11051262.

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Accelerometry has been used to measure treatment efficacy in dogs with osteoarthritis, although interpretation is difficult. Simplification of the output into speed or gait categories could simplify interpretation. We aimed to determine whether collar-mounted accelerometry could estimate the speed and categorise dogs’ gait on a treadmill. Eight Huntaway dogs were fitted with a triaxial accelerometer and then recorded using high-speed video on a treadmill at a slow and fast walk, trot, and canter. The accelerometer data (delta-G) was aligned with the video data and records of the treadmill speed and gait. Mixed linear and logistic regression models that included delta-G and a term accounting for the dogs’ skeletal sizes were used to predict speed and gait, respectively, from the accelerometer signal. Gait could be categorised (pseudo-R2 = 0.87) into binary categories of walking and faster (trot or canter), but not into the separate faster gaits. The estimation of speed above 3 m/s was inaccurate, though it is not clear whether that inaccuracy was due to the sampling frequency of the particular device, or whether that is an inherent limitation of collar-mounted accelerometers in dogs. Thus, collar-mounted accelerometry can reliably categorise dogs’ gaits into two categories, but finer gait descriptions or speed estimates require individual dog modelling and validation. Nonetheless, this accelerometry method could improve the use of accelerometry to detect treatment effects in osteoarthritis by allowing the selection of periods of activity that are most affected by treatment.
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Clark, Cain C. T., Claire M. Barnes, Mark Holton, Huw D. Summers, and Gareth Stratton. "SlamTracker Accuracy under Static and Controlled Movement Conditions." Sport Science Review 25, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2016): 374–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ssr-2016-0020.

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Abstract Accelerometry is the de facto standard in objective physical activity monitoring. However traditional accelerometer units undergo proprietary pre-processing, resulting in the ‘black-box’ phenomenon, where researchers are unaware of the processes and filters used on their data. Raw accelerometers where all frequencies related to human movement are included in the signal, would facilitate novel analyses, such as frequency domain analysis and pattern recognition. The aim of this study was to quantify the mean, standard deviation and variance of the SlamTracker raw accelerometer at a range of speeds. Four tri-axial accelerometers underwent a one minute static condition test nine movement condition tests. Accelerometers were assessed for mean, standard deviation, sample variance and coefficient of variation throughout in all axes for all experimental conditions. The sample variance was <0.001g across all speeds and axes during the movement condition tests. In conclusion, the SlamTracker is shown to be an accurate and reliable device for measuring the raw accelerations of movement.
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Dorofeev, N. V., Oleg R. Kuzichkin, and A. V. Tsaplev. "Accelerometric Method of Measuring the Angle of Rotation of the Kinematic Mechanisms of Nodes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 770 (June 2015): 592–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.770.592.

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This article discusses the use of accelerometers to measure the angle of rotation of the kinematic pairs. The main problems of accelerometer methods and justified phasemetric method of forming the differential signal transducer. The application phase metric method accelerometeric measuring the angle of rotation of the kinematic pair eliminates the multiplicative error at the preliminary stage of the measurement.
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Sjöros, Tanja, Henri Vähä-Ypyä, Saara Laine, Taru Garthwaite, Eliisa Löyttyniemi, Harri Sievänen, Kari K. Kalliokoski, Juhani Knuuti, Tommi Vasankari, and Ilkka H. A. Heinonen. "Influence of the Duration and Timing of Data Collection on Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity, Sedentary Time and Associated Insulin Resistance." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (May 6, 2021): 4950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094950.

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Accelerometry is a commonly used method to determine physical activity in clinical studies, but the duration and timing of measurement have seldom been addressed. We aimed to evaluate possible changes in the measured outcomes and associations with insulin resistance during four weeks of accelerometry data collection. This study included 143 participants (median age of 59 (IQR9) years; mean BMI of 30.7 (SD4) kg/m2; 41 men). Sedentary and standing time, breaks in sedentary time, and different intensities of physical activity were measured with hip-worn accelerometers. Differences in the accelerometer-based results between weeks 1, 2, 3 and 4 were analyzed by mixed models, differences during winter and summer by two-way ANOVA, and the associations between insulin resistance and cumulative means of accelerometer results during weeks 1 to 4 by linear models. Mean accelerometry duration was 24 (SD3) days. Sedentary time decreased after three weeks of measurement. More physical activity was measured during summer compared to winter. The associations between insulin resistance and sedentary behavior and light physical activity were non-significant after the first week of measurement, but the associations turned significant in two to three weeks. If the purpose of data collection is to reveal associations between accelerometer-measured outcomes and tenuous health outcomes, such as insulin sensitivity, data collection for at least three weeks may be needed.
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Oliver, Melody, Hannah Badland, Suzanne Mavoa, Mitch J. Duncan, and Scott Duncan. "Combining GPS, GIS, and Accelerometry: Methodological Issues in the Assessment of Location and Intensity of Travel Behaviors." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 7, no. 1 (January 2010): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.7.1.102.

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Background:Global positioning systems (GPS), geographic information systems (GIS), and accelerometers are powerful tools to explain activity within a built environment, yet little integration of these tools has taken place. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of combining GPS, GIS, and accelerometry to understand transport-related physical activity (TPA) in adults.Methods:Forty adults wore an accelerometer and portable GPS unit over 7 consecutive days and completed a demographics questionnaire and 7-day travel log. Accelerometer and GPS data were extracted for commutes to/from workplace and integrated into a GIS database. GIS maps were generated to visually explore physical activity intensity, GPS speeds and routes traveled.Results:GPS, accelerometer, and survey data were collected for 37 participants. Loss of GPS data was substantial due to a range of methodological issues, such as low battery life, signal drop out, and participant noncompliance. Nonetheless, greater travel distances and significantly higher speeds were observed for motorized trips when compared with TPA.Conclusions:Pragmatic issues of using GPS monitoring to understand TPA behaviors and methodological recommendations for future research were identified. Although methodologically challenging, the combination of GPS monitoring, accelerometry and GIS technologies holds promise for understanding TPA within the built environment.
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Courtney Musson and Mark Kramer. "Accelerometery vs. video-derived stroke parameters in high-level swimmers." South African Journal of Sports Medicine 33, no. 1 (April 21, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2078-516x/2021/v33i1a9483.

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Background: Swimming is a multifaceted sport with nuanced performance parameters that tend to vary according to the swimmer’s stroke style. The extraction and analyses of swim parameters, such as lap time (LT), stroke length (SL), stroke rate (SR) and velocity are time-consuming. This may be eased and to some extent automated by the use of cost-effective tri- axial accelerometers. Objectives: To determine the validity of tri-axial accelerometers across all four stroke styles, and to investigate kinematic differences in stroke styles using accelerometer- based data. Methods: Twelve elite swimmers were recruited for the study. The group consisted of five male (age: 22.2 ± 2.6 years; height: 1.84 ± 0.08 m; weight: 76.2 ± 3.6 kg) and seven female (age: 20.7 ± 2.1 years; height: 1.68 ± 0.08 cm; weight: 62.0 ± 6.3 kg) swimmers. Results: There was a small but significant bias for accelerometery data compared to video data across most parameters and stroke styles except for stroke length and stroke count (p > 0.05). However, accelerometery-derived SR, SL and velocity can be considered practically useful based on the training requirements of coaches. Parameters derived from video analysis compared to accelerometery were highly correlated (r > 0.91) and therefore consistent regardless of the method of analysis. Conclusion: Although slight differences were present between the video and accelerometer data, these differences were not practically meaningful.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ACCELEROMETRI"

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Schifini, Gabriele. "Analisi spettrale di segnali acquisiti con accelerometri MEMS." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13603/.

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L'approccio più comune nel monitoraggio dell'integrità delle strutture (SHM) consiste nell'esecuzione di misure accelerometriche della risposta delle strutture monitorate a stimoli naturali o artificiali. Tali misure possono essere usate, in particolare, per effettuare un'analisi modale, ovvero estrarre i modi di oscillazione principali e confrontarli con quelli relativi allo stato iniziale di integrità dell'edificio. I sensori maggiormente utilizzati in ambito di SHM sono gli accelerometri piezoelettrici e i MEMS capacitivi. Questi ultimi hanno un costo notevolmente inferiore rispetto ai primi, ma presentano anche un'elevata rumorosità intrinseca, la quale richiede tecniche di analisi spettrale più sofisticate. In questo lavoro di tesi ho considerato due casi reali e ho confrontato i risultati forniti da un modello autoregressivo (AR) tradizionale che utilizza il metodo di Burg con quelli offerti dal modello AR+noise, nel quale viene considerato un errore di osservazione additivo. Il primo set di dati è stato raccolto simultaneamente da un accelerometro MEMS capacitivo e da un accelerometro piezoelettrico percuotendo una trave reticolare in alluminio con un martello ed effettuando 10 ripetizioni dello stimolo. Il secondo set di dati, invece, è stato acquisito ponendo un accelerometro MEMS capacitivo all'interno della torre presente nella facoltà di ingegneria di Bologna e misurando così le oscillazioni causate dal vento. All'interno della tesi sono discussi i vantaggi ed i limiti nell'applicazione dei suddetti modelli ai due casi di studio.
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Karlsson, Jenny. "Fysiska aktivitetsmönstret hos äldre, mätt med accelerometri före och i slutet av en två månaders träningsperiod." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3398.

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Syfte. Syftet med studien var att med accelerometri kartlägga det fysiska aktivitetsmönstret hos äldre vid två separata förtest och i slutet av en tvåmånadersperiod med ledarledd träning två gånger per vecka. En vidare målsättning var att studera överensstämmelsen mellan enkätfrågorna om fysisk aktivitet och stillasittande gentemot uppmätt accelerometer­data. Metod. En grupp 65-91 år (medel 71 år, BMI 25 kg/m2) studerades. Två förtest (F1 & F2) samt ett efter­test (E) utfördes under sista träningsveckan. Totalt ingick 97 individer vid F1 & F2 samt 78 vid E som jämfördes mot resultat vid F2. Resultat. Vid F1 sågs vid accelerometri för minst måttlig fysisk ak­tivitet medelvärdet 42,7 min/d (MVPA/d), men endast 22, 2 min/d för tid i perioder à minst 10 min (Freedson bouts/d). Vid analys av separata dagar kom bara 15% av deltagar­na upp till rekommenderade 5 dgr/v à minst 30 min av sammanhängande 10-min-perioder fysisk aktivitet (med lägst måttlig intensitet). Median för högintensiv aktivitet (VPA) var mycket låg för denna grupp (0,9 min/d). Medel för stillasittande var 10,2 timmar (SED/d) samt 4,3 timmar total tid i minst 20-min-perioder (Sedentary bouts/d). Mellan F1 & F2 sågs ingen signifikant förändring för MVPA/d eller Freedson bouts/d. Däremot fram­kom en ytterst liten sänkning som var signifikant för stillasittande tid (20,0  resp. 13,7 min/d i SED/d resp. Sed bouts/d). Förändring av VPA visade en minimal ökning med 0,4 min/d (sign.). Korrelationen mellan F1 & F2 var 0,86 för MVPA/d, 0,81 för Freedson/d, 0,59 för Vig/d, 0,59 för SED/d samt 0,74 för Sed bouts/d, alla signifikanta. Vid E sågs, gentemot F2, en liten men signifikant ökning av medel för MVPA/d (till 50,6 min/d), men inte för Freedson bouts (20,9 min/d) eller för målet minst 5 dgr/v med 30 min i Freedson bouts/d (12%). Stillasittande sjönk signifikant för E till 9,7 tim/d (SED/d) samt 3,6 tim/d (Sed. bouts/d). VPA ökade minimalt med 0,5 min/d (sign.) till medianvärdet 1,7 min/d. De starkaste signifikanta (*) korrelationerna mellan olika frågor och accelerometri noterades för MVPA/d resp. Freedson bouts/d (som mest 0.53- 0,60*), följt av stillasittande 0,40* resp. 0,39* (i SED/d resp. Sed bouts/d). För VPA noterades inga eller ytterst låga samband, som högst r=0,24* mot frågorna. Slutsats. Värdena för högintensiv aktivitet vid accelerometri visade genomgående förvånansvärt låga nivåer. En orsak kan vara att datoranalysprogrammen för aktivitetsmätarna inte är tillräckligt känsliga såsom de idag är inställda för seniorers högsta intensitetsnivåer. Bäst signifikanta samband gentemot accelerometri sågs för frågor om minst måttligt intensiv fysisk aktivitet. Visst signifikant samband sågs även för en fråga om stillasittande, medan aktivitetsmätarens data stämde vanligtvis inte överens med självskattad data för högintensiv fysisk aktivitet för äldre. Så dessa seniordata är inte helt lika jämfört med tidigare studier på yngre vuxna som vanligtvis visat en högre validitet för frågor med högintensiv jämfört med måttligt intensiv fysisk aktivitet.
Aim. The purpose of the study was to identify that with accelerometry the physical activity patterns of elderly, at two separate pre-test and at the end of a two-month period with instructor-led training twice per week. A further aim was to study the correlation between survey questions about physical activity and sedentary against measured accelerometer data. Method. A group of 65-91 years (mean 71 years, BMI 25 kg/m2) were studied. Two pre-test (F1 & F2) and an aftertest (E) was performed during the last training week. A total of 97 individuals at F1 & F2 and 78 at E compared to F2 were investigated. Results. In F1 was seen for accelerometer data (at least moderate physical activity) mean values 42.7 min/d (MVPA/d), but only 22,2 min/d in time periods of at least 10 minutes (Freedson bouts /d). In the analysis of separate days came only 15% of participants came up to the recom­men­ded 5 days/week with at least 30 minutes of continuous 10-min periods of physical activity (with at least moderate intensity). Vigorous intensity activity (VPA) was very low for this group (0.9 min/d). The average for sedentary time was 10.2 hours (SED/d) and 4.3 hours total time in 20-min periods (Sedentary bouts/d). Between F1 and F2 no significant changes were seen for MVPA/d or Freed­son bouts/d. A tiny reduction, which was significant, was seen for sedentary time (20.0 resp. 13.7 min/d SED/d, resp. Sed bouts/d). Change of VPA showed a minimal increase of 0.4 min/d (s.). The correlation between F1 & F2 was 0.86 for MVPA/d, 0.81 for Freedson/d, 0.59 for Vig/d, 0.59 SED/d and 0.74 for Sed bouts/d, all significant. At E emerged, against F2, a small but significant increase for MVPA/d (to 50.6 min/d), but not for Freedson bouts/d (20.9 min/d) or to target at least 5 days/week with 30 min in Freedson bouts/d (12%). Sedentary fell significantly for E to 9.7 h/d (SED/d) and 3.6 h/d (Sed. bouts/d). VPA increased minimally by 0.5 min/d (s.) to median 1.7 min/d. The strongest significant (*) correlations between different questions and the accelerome­ters was noted for MVPA/d, resp. Freedson bouts/d (at most 0.53-0.60 *), followed by sedentary time 0.40 * resp. 0.39 * (in SED/d resp. Sed bouts/d). VPA showed no or very low correlation (highest r = 0.24 *) to the questions. Conclusion. The values ​​of vigorous activities in accelerometer data consistently showed surprisingly low levels. One reason may be that the computer analysis programs for the activity counters are not sufficiently sensitive as they currently are set for senior´s highest intensity levels. Best significant correlation against the accelerometers was seen for questions about at least moderately intense physical activity. Some significant correlation was also seen for sedentary time, while accelerometer data was generally not consistent with self-reported data for high-intensity physical activity for older people. So these senior data show somewhat different results as compared to previous studies in younger adults who usually present a higher validity of the questions with high-intensity compared with moderate-intensity physical activity.
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Vesterinen, Hanne. "Fysisk aktivitetsmätning med accelerometri hos äldre som genomgått operation för höftfraktur." Thesis, Örebro University, School of Health and Medical Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-7221.

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Fysisk aktivitet hos äldre är viktig för att förebygga sjukdom samt för att upprätthålla självständighet och en bra livskvalitet. Fysisk aktivitet går att mäta med instrument, såsom accelerometer eller att skatta med skattningsskalor. Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka om den fysiska aktiviteten är korrelerad med den fysiska funktionsförmågan och om fysisk aktivitet bestämd med accelerometri går att prediktera med skattningsskalor. I studien inkluderades totalt 27 patienter som opererats för höftfraktur. 14 av dessa var kvinnor med medelåldern 80 år (62-94) och 13 var män med medelåldern 82 år (73-94). För att mäta aktiviteten användes accelerometern ActiGraph GT1M. Resultatet visade ett måttligt, förväntat samband mellan uppmätt fysisk funktion och uppmätt fysisk aktivitet. Resultaten talar för att det inte är möjligt att använda skattningsskalor för att få en rättvisande bild av den habituella fysiska aktiviteten hos äldre personer som nyligen opererats för höftfraktur. Det verkar därför vara bättre att mäta den fysiska aktiviteten än att skatta den.

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Marra, Matteo. "Prove su tavola vibrante di un silo metallico a fondo piano: identificazione dinamica mediante accelerometri." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18691/.

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La tesi descrive le metodologie messe in atto al fine di interpretare il comportamento di un silo metallico a fondo piano, contenente grano, soggetto a vari input sismici: segnali di tipo random (white noise), sinusoidi a bassa frequenza, ed accelerogrammi corrispondenti a sismi reali e artificiali (selezionati e costruiti in modo da avere determinati contributi in frequenza), opportunamente scalati in relazione alla risposta strutturale. Vengono quindi analizzati i risultati di estensimetri (strain gauges), accelerometri (monoassiali) e celle di pressione, effettuando confronti, oltre che tra le due configurazioni strutturali, anche tra le varie teorie (Eurocodice , Silvestri et al 2012 e Pieraccini et al 2015). Vengono ricavati due tipologie di grafici utili alla comprensione del complesso meccanismo resistente: l'andamento delle sovrappressioni dinamiche con l'accelerazione e l'andamento dello sforzo normale nei montanti con l'accelerazione. I risultati in configurazione isolata vengono inoltre confrontati con le previsioni di modelli ad 1 e 2 gradi di libertà, lineari (considerando le proprietà equivalenti dell'isolatore) e non lineari (considerando l'effettivo diagramma costitutivo forza-spostamento dell'isolatore). Centrale risulta l'analisi dei segnali degli accelerometri, volte principalmente all'identificazione dinamica sperimentale (incrociando informazioni di frequenza e fase, correlazione, cross-correlazione, densità di potenza) mediante il metodo dei punti di mezza potenza che permette di determinare il periodo fondamentale, il rapporto di smorzamento modale e la forma modale. È da sottolineare, infine, il fatto che questa tesi, insieme ad altre, rappresenta solamente l'inizio del processo di interpretazione dei risultati, considerata la mole di dati ottenuta nei test effettuati (256 in totale).
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Olsson, Gustav. "Enkät för skattning av 8-åriga barns fysiska aktivitet : En valideringsstudie. Frågor ur SIH-enkäten jämförda med referensmetoden accelerometri." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-1892.

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Aim To validate the STOPP-8-questionnaire (S8Q), containing items from the SIH-questionnaire, against the criterion method accelerometry to estimate its capacity to assess 8 year old Swedish children’s physical activity (PA). Can it assess children’s physical activity? Can it differentiate the active children from the sedentary? If the answer is yes, how well can it do so?   Method Data was collected during fall and winter the school year of 2008 - 2009 via the project STOPP-8. Out of 676 children at 12 schools in Stockholm area, 155 (boys n=72, girls n=83) provided complete questionnaire data and wore an accelerometer (Actiwatch 4) during 7 consecutive days which provided data for mean and median activity, time spent sedentary, in moderate to vigorous PA and vigorous PA. Criterion for accelerometer data to be used in analysis was to have at least 4 valid days containing a minimum of 10 hours wear-time each recorded between 8 am and 9 pm. A t-test was used to compare characteristics between genders. All questions from SQ8 and derivatives were compared to the accelerometer measures using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, ANOVA and Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis (a method for illustrating specificity and sensitivity and finding the most efficient cut-off value for dichotomous characterization).   Results The results showed to be gender dependent to an extent where boy and girl data had to be analyzed separately. In girls the question "How do you get to your friends?" gave r = 0.37 and p = 0.05 when correlated to PA in intensity between 1,5 to 3 METs. Among the boys the question "How do you get to your spare time activities?" showed a correlation of r = - 0.33 and p = 0.05 when set against the percentage of measurement time being sedentary. In cases where S8Q showed the strongest capacity for classification it could correctly identify 75 % of the true physically active children with the cost of misclassifying 60 % of the ones that in reality were sedentary. This is to be considered as low specificity.   Conclusions The S8Q capacity to estimate 8 year old children’s PA is in line with many other established self-report methods and is not a reliable tool for this purpose. Possibly the S8Q can be used to compare larger populations such as communes, cities, countries. Though the proportion of individual misclassification may be large. S8Q showed to correlate weakly with objectively measured PA.
Syfte och frågeställningar Att validera STOPP-8-enkäten (S8Q), som innehåller frågor ur SIH-enkäten, mot kriteriemetoden accelerometri för att pröva dess förmåga att skatta 8-åriga svenska barns fysiska aktivitet (FA). Kan S8Q skatta barns grad av FA? Kan S8Q skilja de aktiva barnen från de stillasittande? Om svaren på dessa frågor blir ja, hur väl gör den det? Metod Data samlades in hösten och vintern skolåret 2008 - 2009 via projektet STOPP-8. Av 676 barn vid 12 skolor i Stockholmsområdet, lämnade 155 (pojkar n = 72, flickor n = 83) ifyllda enkäter samt bar en accelerometer (Actiwatch 4) under 7 dagar i följd. Accelerometern genererade data för medel och median FA, tid stillasittande, i måttlig till intensiv FA och i intensiv FA. Kriterium för att accelerometerdata skulle användas i analysen var åtminstone 4 giltiga dagar där mätaren burits minst 10 timmar per dag mellan klockan 08:00 och 21:00. Ett t-test användes för att jämföra data från pojkar respektive flickor. Alla frågor från enkäten och specialkonstruerade derivat baserade på dem jämfördes med accelerometri med hjälp av Spearmans korrelationskoefficient, ANOVA och Receiver Operating Characteristic analys (en metod för att illustrera sensitivitet och specificitet samt beräkna effektivast gränsvärden). Resultat Resultatet från S8Q visade sig vara beroende av kön i sådan omfattning att pojk- och flickdata behövde analyseras separat. Hos flickor var starkaste korrelaten frågan ”Hur tar du dig till dina kompisar?” som gav r = 0,37 och p = 0,05 när ställd mot andel FA i intensitet mellan 1,5 till 3 METs. Bland pojkarna visade frågan ”Hur tar du dig till dina fritidsaktiviteter?” starkast samband om r = - 0,33 och p = 0,05 när ställd mot andel mättid stillasittande. I de fall där S8Q visade starkast klassificeringskapacitet kunde den korrekt identifiera 75 % av de sant fysiskt aktiva barnen på bekostnad av att 60 % av dem som i själva verket var stillasittande felklassificerades, vilket får anses vara låg specificitet. Slutsats Enkätens förmåga att skatta 8-åriga barns FA är i linje med flera andra etablerade självskattningsmetoder men är inget pålitligt verktyg för detta ändamål. Möjligen kan den användas för att jämföra större populationer såsom kommuner, städer och länder. Dock kan andelen felklassificering på individnivå ändå bli stor. S8Q visade sig ha svagt samband med objektivt uppmätt FA.
STOPP-8
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Lepisk, Paul, and Anna-Maria Furu. "Hyper(in)aktiv? : En studie om sambandet mellan fysisk aktivitet och motorisk förmåga hos barn med ADHD." Thesis, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-1110.

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Syfte

Syftet med studien är att undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan motorisk färdighet ochmängd fysisk aktivitet av olika intensiteter hos barn med diagnosen ADHD.

Frågeställningar

1. Hur många barn med ADHD har motoriska nedsättningar utifrån Movement ABC?

2. Hur många barn med ADHD når upp till de Nordiska rekommendationerna för fysiskaktivitet?

3. Hur ser sambandet mellan motorisk färdighet och fysisk aktivitetsnivå ut hos barn medADHD?

Metod

I studien ingick fem pojkar i åldern 9-12 år med diagnosen ADHD. I studien mättes denfysiska aktivitetsgraden med accelerometrar av modellen ActiGraph GT3X somtestpersonerna bar under sju efterföljande dagar. Den motoriska förmågan hos testpersonernamättes med hjälp av de kvantitativa motoriktesterna i Movement ABC. Testerna genomfördesi en lokal på testpersonernas skolor och accelerometrarna samt ett medföljandeinformationsbrev delades ut vid samma tillfälle.

Resultat

Av resultaten av motoriktesterna framgår att endast en testperson hade ett resultat som visarpå tillfredsställande motorisk förmåga, tre testpersoner låg i riskzonen för motoriskanedsättningar och en testperson hade uppenbara brister i sin motoriska färdighet. Fyra av de fem testpersonerna uppnådde de Nordiska rekommendationerna om minst 60 minuters fysiskaaktivitet per dag, inkluderad både måttlig till hård aktivitet. Inga signifikanta samband kundeses mellan fysisk aktivitetsnivå och motorisk färdighet.

Slutsats

Studien kunde inte finna något samband mellan motorisk färdighet och mängd fysisk aktivitetav olika intensiteter hos barn med diagnosen ADHD. På grund av testgruppens ringa storlekbör man ej betrakta studiens resultat som generaliserbara, studien kan dock ses som enpilotstudie.


Aim

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is a correlation between motorskills and amount of physical activity of various intensities in children diagnosed with ADHD.

Questions

1. How many children with ADHD have motor impairments based on Movement ABC?

2. How many children with ADHD reaches the Nordic recommendations for physicalactivity?

3. What is the relationship between motor skills and level of physical activity in childrenwith ADHD?

Method

The study included five boys aged 9-12 years diagnosed with ADHD. The study is study inwhich the physical activity level was measured using ActiGraph GT3X accelerometers whichtest subjects wore for seven subsequent days. The motor skills of the test subjects were measured using the quantitative motor tests in Movement ABC. The tests were carried out ina room at the test subjects schools and accelerometers, and accompanying instruction were distributed at the same time.

Results

The results of motor tests showed that only one person had test results showing satisfactorymotor skills, three test persons were at risk of motor impairments and a test person hadobvious defects in their motor skills. Four of the five test persons achieved the nordicrecommendations for at least 60 minutes of physical activity per day, including both moderateto heavy activity. No significant correlation was seen between physical activity level andmotor skills.

Conclusions

The study could not find any correlation between motor skills and amount of physical activityof various intensities in children diagnosed with ADHD. Due to the small test group theresults of the current study should be taken with precaution, but can be regarded as a pilotstudy.

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7

Vilhelmsson, Agnes, and Isabelle Kerttu. "Jämförelse av treåriga pojkars och flickors fysiska aktivitet på veckodagar och helgdagar." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för fysioterapi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175611.

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Introduktion Fysisk aktivitet hos barn under fem år är ett område som saknar grundlig forskning. Nyligen har rekommendationer på fysisk aktivitet för denna åldersgrupp publicerats men det finns fortfarande många delar av detta område som inte är studerade.  Syfte Syfte med denna studie var att undersöka om det finns några skillnader i mängden fysisk aktivitet på veckodagar jämfört med helgdagar och även om en skillnad finns mellan pojkar och flickors fysiska aktivitet bland treåriga barn i Västerbotten. Metod Accelerometern (Motion watch 8/MW8) placerades på handleden på de treåriga barn vars föräldrar gett sitt medgivande till ett projekt inom Northpop-kohorten. Barnen (n=15) fick bära accelerometern i 8 dygn. Under dessa dagar antecknade föräldrarna barnens sovtimmar, skärmtid och aktiviteter utomhus och inomhus i en dagbok. Utifrån accelerometrarnas rådata analyserades activity counts med avseende på skillnader i fysisk aktivitet mellan vardagar och helgdagar och mellan pojkar och flickor med Wilcoxon W och Mann-Whitney U test. Resultat  Ingen signifikant skillnad påvisades gällande fysiska aktivitet på veckodagar jämfört med helgdagar (p=0.330) eller mellan pojkar och flickor (p=0.397).   Konklusion I denna studie kunde ingen signifikant skillnad i fysisk aktivitet påvisas mellan helg- och veckodagar eller mellan pojkar och flickor bland treåriga barn i Västerbotten. Det behövs mer forskning för att kartlägga barnens olika intensitetsnivåer, skolans påverkan på den fysiska aktiviteten och skillnader mellan könen.
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ANNESSI, ALESSANDRO. "Design of a metamaterial-based hand held vibration probe." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11566/299641.

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Le misure vibrazionali sono un punto di riferimento nella dinamica strutturale. Lo stesso vale anche per la diagnostica dei guasti e la valutazione della qualità del prodotto in vari campi dell'industria, dalle linee di produzione dei componenti ai prodotti finiti. Queste misure sono solitamente eseguite utilizzando accelerometri piezoelettrici collegati alla struttura in esame. Il collegamento è solitamente realizzato tramite adesivi o cera d'api, magneti o perni filettati. Tuttavia, il processo di installazione di questi sensori può richiedere molto tempo e, in alcuni casi, può essere irreversibile o addirittura non consentito. Le sonde vibrazionali di tipo hand-held sono state ampiamente utilizzate in passato, anche se le loro prestazioni (ad es. gamma di frequenze di lavoro e accuratezza complessiva) risultano inferiori rispetto alle installazioni fisse. Tuttavia, la diffusione dei robot nell'ambito dell'industria 4.0, caratterizzata dall'obiettivo di produzione a zero difetti, ha motivato un nuovo interesse per questo tipo di soluzione. Le sonde di misura vibrazionali tipo hand-held sono costituite da componenti che devono garantirne la linearità entro un determinato intervallo di frequenza e il contatto costante con la struttura in prova. Inoltre, le vibrazioni spurie, dovute alla manipolazione da parte di un operatore umano o di un robot, devono essere evitate introducendo un elemento di disaccoppiamento. Normalmente, vengono impiegati materiali convenzionali come la gomma e il silicone, per via del loro comportamento viscoelastico. Tuttavia, questi materiali possono subire modifiche al loro comportamento dinamico quando soggetti a condizioni ambientali diverse. Lo scopo di questa tesi è dimostrare il vantaggio nell'adottare metastrutture come elementi di disaccoppiamento nelle sonde vibrazionali di tipo hand-held. La metastruttura sviluppata si basa su una ripetizione periodica di celle unitarie caratterizzate da una forte separazione modale. Ne consegue, quindi, un ampio intervallo di frequenze di funzionamento.
Vibrational measurements are a landmark in structural dynamics. This is true also for fault diagnosis and product quality assessment in various fields of industry, from production lines of components to finite products. These measurements are usually performed using piezoelectric accelerometers attached to the structure under investigation. The connection is usually made using adhesive or bees-wax, magnets or threaded pins. However, the process of installing these sensors can be time-consuming and, in some cases, irreversible or even not allowed. Hand-held vibration probes were widely used in the past, even though their performances (i.e. working frequency range and overall accuracy) were lower compared to fixed installations. However, the spread of robots in the framework of industry 4.0, characterized by the zero defect manufacturing target, caused a new interest in this solution. Hand-held vibration measurements probes are made of components that must guarantee linearity within certain frequency range as well as constant contact with the structure being tested. Furthermore, spurious vibrations, due to the handling by a human operator or a robot, need to be avoided introducing a decoupling element. Normally, conventional materials, like rubber and silicon, are exploited, taking advantage of their viscoelastic behavior. However, these materials may undergo changing on their dynamic behavior when subject to different environmental conditions. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate de advantage of adopting metastructures as decoupling elements in hand-held probes. The design of the metastructure developed is based on a periodic repetition of unit cells characterized by a strong mode separation and, thus, a wide frequency bandgap.
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Muraccini, Marco. "Stima della superficie corporea in condizioni statiche e dinamiche: Stato dell'arte e soluzioni innovative low-cost." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10127/.

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In questo progetto di tesi ci si addentrerà nel campo della scansione corporea, e più in generale di qualunque oggetto. In questo ambito le soluzioni proposte sono numerose e questo settore ha vissuto negli ultimi anni un’incredibile crescita, favorita anche dalla nascita delle stampanti 3D. Si può ragionevolmente supporre che tale crescita non sia destinata ad esaurirsi nei prossimi anni; ci sono i presupposti per cui questo settore occupi fette sempre più importanti del mercato. In questa tesi ci si è occupati prevalentemente di tecniche di scansione del corpo umano, in quanto una descrizione geometricamente accurata della superficie corporea riveste una notevole importanza sia nelle applicazioni industriali che nello studio della biomeccanica del movimento. Per quanto riguarda le applicazioni industriali si pensi ad esempio all’utilizzo di scanner 3D in accoppiata alle moderne stampanti 3D per la realizzazione di protesi custom o al comparto sartoriale per il confezionamento di abiti su misura. Nell’ambito della biomeccanica essa può risultare utile sia per quanto riguarda gli aspetti cinematici e dinamici nei campi riabilitativo, ergonomico e sportivo, sia per quanto riguarda la stima delle grandezze antropometriche. Attualmente esistono sistemi di scansione corporea low-cost che si stanno sempre più diffondendo e si può pensare ad un futuro neanche tanto lontano nel quale essi siano presenti in maniera diffusa nelle abitazioni. In tale contesto gli obiettivi di questa tesi sono: 1) Documentare quanto prodotto finora a livello scientifico, brevettuale ed industriale, evidenziando meriti e limiti di ciascuna soluzione. 2) Individuare e valutare la realizzabilità di soluzioni innovative low-cost.
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Abbondanza, Marco. "Sviluppo di sistemi di condition monitoring su piattaforma real-time/FPGA per test in sala prove." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14228/.

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L’attività di tesi nasce dall’esigenza presente in sala prove di monitorare in modo continuativo l’affidabilità del motore, con l’obiettivo di ottenere valutazioni predittive rispetto ai guasti che si possono verificare in prove di durata o semplicemente per valutare lo stato di usura del motore durante la sua intera vita. La funzione predittiva è fondamentale per evitare rotture disastrose che possono compromettere anche l’efficacia della diagnosi del problema che ha portato al guasto, aspetto di primaria importanza quando i componenti sottoposti a test sono di origine prototipale o destinate all’impego in gara. In collaborazione con l’azienda Alma Automotive è stato quindi lanciato lo sviluppo di una personalità software dedicata al condition monitoring, basata sulla piattaforma hardware Miracle2, il cui cuore è un modulo real-time/FPGA programmabile in Labview. Tra i sistemi di condition monitoring per motori a combustione interna quello prodotto dall’azienda Reilhofer KG (“Delta Analyzer”), basato principalmente sul rilevamento di vibrazioni, è stato preso come riferimento. È stata quindi implementata una struttura di base del software che consentisse lo streaming dati, il processamento real-time ed il salvataggio ed in parallelo è stata realizzata una campagna sperimentale durante la quale monitorare tramite accelerometri l’intera vita del motore, dal rodaggio fino allo smontaggio. Il metodo di diagnosi è incentrato principalmente sul confronto fra un riferimento dello stato vibrazionale del motore e lo stato attuale al variare del punto di funzionamento (carico, rpm). La valutazione dello stato di salute del motore è effettuata con semplici indici derivati principalmente dallo spettro delle vibrazioni confrontato con la condizione vibrazionale baseline a motore nuovo. È stata inoltre svolta un’analisi per il rilevamento knock tramite accelerometri ed è stata svolta un’analisi rotazionale per determinare strategie volte al monitoraggio del giunto elastico.
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Books on the topic "ACCELEROMETRI"

1

Dauderstädt, Ulrike Anna. A thermal accelerometer. Delft: Delft University Press, 1999.

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Olcott, Joanne E. Fiber-optic flexural disk accelerometer. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1991.

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Levinzon, Felix. Piezoelectric Accelerometers with Integral Electronics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08078-9.

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Varum, Humberto, and Sérgio de Brito André. Accelerometers: Principles, structure and applications. Hauppauge, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2011.

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B, Rogers Melissa J., and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Accelerometer data analysis and presentation techniques. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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A, Rogers John, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Relative performance of several inexpensive accelerometers. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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C, Blanchard Robert, Larman K. T, and Langley Research Center, eds. Improved HIRAP flight calibration technique. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1992.

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Xu, Yong Ping. MEMS Silicon Oscillating Accelerometers and Readout Circuits. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003338826.

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John, Lekki, and NASA Glenn Research Center, eds. A self-diagnostic system for the M6 accelerometer. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2001.

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Micro mechanical transducers: Pressure sensors, accelerometers, and gyroscopes. New York: Elsevier Science B.V., 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "ACCELEROMETRI"

1

Abrams, David B., J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, et al. "Accelerometry." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 12. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_100008.

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Zeng, Zhengwen, and Lin Fa. "Accelerometer." In Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards, 2. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_10.

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Böning, Dieter, Michael I. Lindinger, Damian M. Bailey, Istvan Berczi, Kameljit Kalsi, José González-Alonso, David J. Dyck, et al. "Accelerometers." In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_2003.

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Kahlenberg, Cynthia A., and Michael P. Ast. "Accelerometers." In Essentials of Cemented Knee Arthroplasty, 773–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63113-3_69.

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Alguacil, Gerardo, and Jens Havskov. "Seismic Accelerometers." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_176-1.

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Alguacil, Gerardo, and Jens Havskov. "Seismic Accelerometers." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 2504–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_176.

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Mathews, James. "Piezoceramic Accelerometer." In Handbook of Signal Processing in Acoustics, 1313–27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30441-0_70.

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Sharapov, Valeriy. "Piezoceramic Accelerometers." In Piezoceramic Sensors, 381–408. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15311-2_13.

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Baker, Julien S., Fergal Grace, Lon Kilgore, David J. Smith, Stephen R. Norris, Andrew W. Gardner, Robert Ringseis, et al. "Pedometer/Accelerometer." In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease, 691. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_2849.

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Mark, Dave, and Jeff Lamarche. "Whee! Accelerometer!" In Beginning iPhone 3 Development, 477–98. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-2460-0_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "ACCELEROMETRI"

1

Lall, Pradeep, Amrit Abrol, Lee Simpson, and Jessica Glover. "Survivability of MEMS Accelerometer Under Sequential Thermal and High-G Mechanical Shock Environments." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48790.

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Reliability data on MEMS accelerometers operating in harsh environments is scarce. Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) are used in a variety of military and automotive applications for sensing acceleration, translation, rotation, pressure and sound. This research work focuses on dual axis MEMS accelerometer reliability in harsh environments. Structurally an accelerometer behaves like a damped mass on a spring. Commercially there are three types of accelerometers namely piezoelectric, piezoresistive and capacitive depending on the components that go into the fabrication of the MEMS device. Previously, majority of concentration was focused on an effective internal design, performance enhancement of CMOS-MEMS accelerometers and packaging techniques Cheng [2002], Qiao [2009], Lou [2005], and Weigold [2001]. Studies have also been conducted to obtain an enhanced inertial mass SOI MEMS process using a high sensitivity accelerometer Jianbing [2013], Chen [2005]. There have been prior test(s) conducted on MEMS accelerometers, Jiang [2004], Cao [2011], Chun-Sun [2009], Lou [2009], Tanner [2000] and Yang [2010] but the availability of data on reliability degradation of such devices in harsh environments Brown [2003] is almost little to none which thereby generates the importance of this work and also makes way for a whole new path involving the reliability assessment techniques for MEMS devices. Concentration of our work is primarily on the reliability of this accelerometer upon sequential exposure to harsh environment(s) and drop-shock. Reliability of accelerometers in high G environments is unknown. The effects of these pre-conditions along with the drop test condition has been studied and analyzed. In this piece of research work, a test vehicle with a MEMS accelerometer, ADXL278 dual axis capacitive accelerometer, has been tested under high/low temperature exposure followed by subjection to high-g and low-g shock loading environments. The test boards have been subjected to mechanical shocks using the method 2002.5, condition G, under the standard MIL-STD-883H test. The stress environment and the test condition used for this paper are 1500g and 70g respectively where 70g is the full scale range output of ADXL278 in the drop direction with pulse duration set to 0.5millisecond. The deterioration of the accelerometer output has been characterized using the techniques of Mahalanobis distance and Confidence intervals. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) has been used to study the different failure modes inside of the accelerometer, which were potted and polished and later de-capped. Furthermore, the non-destructive evaluations of the MEMS accelerometer have been demonstrated through X-rays and micro-CT scans.
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Ko, Jong Soo, Young-Ho Cho, Byung Man Kwak, and Kwanhum Park. "Design and Fabrication of Piezoresistive Cantilever Microaccelerometer Arrays With a Symmetrically Bonded Proof-Mass." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-1267.

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Abstract This paper presents the production-oriented design and microfabrication process of a piezoresistive cantilever-beam microaccelerometer with a symmetrically bonded proof-mass. The symmetrically bonded proof-mass structure is devised not only for improving the production yield, but also for reducing the transverse sensitivity of the accelerometer. The accelerometers are batch fabricated in arrays, from which individual devices are obtained by wafer sawing process. The microfabricated accelerometer shows a resonant frequency of 2.15kHz and a sensitivity of 34μV/g/V within a nonlinearity of 2% over ±30g range at 100Hz. The structure and fabrication processes of the present accelerometer provide practical and effective means for the mass production of accelerometers with high reproducibility.
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Shan, Xiaowei, Ting Zou, James Richard Forbes, and Jorge Angeles. "Design Specifications for Biaxial Navigation-Grade MEMS Accelerometers." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37280.

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The focus of this paper is the design of a biaxial MEMS accelerometer for navigation applications. First, a survey is conducted to outline the commercial landscape of navigation-grade and MEMS accelerometers. The survey shows a potential market for navigation-grade accelerometers at the MEMS scale. Based on the specifications for navigation applications, the design targets are derived for the proposed biaxial MEMS accelerometers, including the common concerns of natural frequency ratios and bandwidth, as well as the important parameters for MEMS devices, such as hinge width, proof-mass size and mobility range. In light of the design targets, the ideal frequency matrix of the biaxial accelerometer system is derived based on the concept of generalized spring, in connection with the design targets. The stiffness values required are estimated herein. For further structural optimization, the parametric entries of the frequency-ratio matrix act as the objectives to be maximized for the lowest off-axis sensitivity of the proposed accelerometer. A suitable architecture for MEMS biaxial accelerometers is proposed thereafter. This architecture not only provides high compliance and structural isotropy for the in-plane translation, but also allows for direct measurement of the proof-mass motion. The proposed architecture is then optimized for the highest frequency ratio between the non-sensitive and sensitive axes, with regard to the design parameters and constraints. The optimization results of the proposed accelerometer demonstrate navigation-grade mechanical performance.
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Lall, Pradeep, Nakul Kothari, and Jessica Glover. "Mechanical Shock Reliability Analysis and Multiphysics Modeling of MEMS Accelerometers in Harsh Environments." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48457.

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MEMS accelerometers have found applications in harsh environments with pressure, temperatures above ambient conditions, high g shock and vibrations. The complex structure of these MEMS devices has made it difficult to understand the failure modes and failure mechanisms of present day MEMS accelerometers. Little work has been done by the researchers in investigating the high g reliability of the MEMS accelerometers by continuous high g drops and quantifying the failure modes. There is little literature addressing the multiphysics finite element modelling of MEMS accelerometers subjected to high g shocks. In defense applications, where these devices are integrated with several other compactly assembled subsystems, lack of knowledge on the physics of failure for the MEMS sensor in harsh environment operation, can be detrimental to the success of the system on the whole. Being able to successfully model inside of an accelerometer, enables the user to better understand the change in parameters like time delay induced in response of successive drops, change in pulse width that indicate failure, reduction in sensed g levels. Some researchers have subjected various accelerometers to repeated drops at their maximum sensing g(not high g) level, and used optical microscopy to detect damaged sensing elements [Beliveau, 1999]. Few researchers have modeled the internal structure of the MEMS device, along with the device packaging under the stresses of operation [Fang 2004, Ghisi 2008, Xiong 2008]. In this paper, a multiphysics model of capacitive and the moving elements of the accelerometer has been developed to model the change in capacitance with respect to stroke and understand the correlation with g-levels, in addition to the transient dynamic response of the accelerometer under high-g shock. This has not been much explored in the past. The accelerometer studied in the paper is the ADXL193, and subjected to repeated drops of 3000g in each 3 axes as per 2002.4 of MIL-STD-883 without preconditioning. A characteristic graph of capacitance vs accelerometer stroke has been obtained from a series of electrostatic simulations and is then used to relate g levels, capacitance, stroke deflection and voltage change using electromechanical transducer elements. The drift in the performance characteristics of the accelerometer have been measured versus the number of shock events. In addition, an attempt has been made to investigate the failure mode in the accelerometer.
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Lee, Seung-Jae, and Dong-Woo Cho. "Fabrication of a Micro-Opto-Mechanical Accelerometer Based on Intensity Modulation." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41239.

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Accelerometers are most frequently used to monitor machining states, and are therefore crucial for automated and unmanned plant operations. In such a harsh environment, micro-accelerometers based on optical methods can be effective. This paper presents a new type of micro-opto-mechanical accelerometer that was developed using a combination of new technologies, such as deep reactive ion etching (DRIE), micro-stereolithography, and intensity modulation. The advantages of intensity modulation include the simplicity of the detection principle and the lack of a requirement for a high-quality light source. This paper reports the design of two types of micro-accelerometer using the finite element method. Experiments showed that the fabricated micro-accelerometers had resonant frequencies of approximately 2 and 10 kHz, with suitable linear ranges and sensitivities. The developed micro-opto-mechanical accelerometers can thus be used for various practical purposes, including machining state monitoring in automated and unmanned plant operations.
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Vikas, Vishesh, and Carl D. Crane. "Gyroscope-Free Link Parameter Measurement Using Accelerometers and Magnetometer." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35360.

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Knowledge of joint angles, angular velocities is essential for control of link mechanisms and robots. The estimation of joint angles and angular velocity is performed using combination of inertial sensors (accelerometers and gyroscopes) which are contactless and flexible at point of application. Different estimation techniques are used to fuse data from different inertial sensors. Bio-inspired sensors using symmetrically placed multiple inertial sensors are capable of instantaneously measuring joint parameters (joint angle, angular velocities and angular acceleration) without use of any estimation techniques. Calibration of inertial sensors is easier and more reliable for accelerometers as compared to gyroscopes. The research presents gyroscope-less, multiple accelerometer and magnetometer based sensors capable of measuring (not estimating) joint parameters. The contribution of the improved sensor are four-fold. Firstly, the inertial sensors are devoid of symmetry constraint unlike the previously researched bio-inspired sensors. However, the accelerometer are non-coplanarly placed. Secondly, the accelerometer-magnetometer combination sensor allows for calculation of a unique rotation matrix between two link joined by any kind of joint. Thirdly, the sensors are easier to calibrate as they consist only of accelerometers. Finally, the sensors allow for calculation of angular velocity and angular acceleration without use of gyroscopes.
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Komarizadehasl, Seyedmilad, Fidel Lozano, Mahyad Komary, Jose A. Lozano-Galant, and José Turmo. "Resolution improvement of Low-Cost MEMS accelerometer by aligning Simulations sensors." In IABSE Symposium, Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/prague.2022.1830.

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<p>Nowadays, accelerometers are being used in various civil engineering applications. Their versatility made them desirable in many Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) application. A significant issue with their use is the fact that traditional commercial accelerometers are very expensive. Moreover, the low-cost solutions are not very accurate.</p><p>To tackle this drawback and to enable low-cost accelerometers applicable to more SHM applications, a novel methodology for improving the resolution of low-cost MEMS accelerometers is presented in this paper. To this end the noise density level of more than one accelerometer was controlled by aligning on the same location for reading the same input wave.</p><p>The results of the performed laboratory tests showed that the higher the number of aligned accelerometers the lower the reported noise. Aligning a higher number of accelerometers also improve.</p><p>the system's final resolution in frequency domain diagrams.</p>
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LeMoyne, Robert, Timothy Mastroianni, Michael Cozza, and Cristian Coroian. "iPhone Wireless Accelerometer Application for Acquiring Quantified Gait Attributes." In ASME 2010 5th Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2010-32067.

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The implementation of a wireless accelerometer application for the quantification of gait may enable an autonomous strategy for the quantification of gait. A wireless accelerometer application may potentially enable the remote, autonomous, and quantified evaluation of gait beyond the confines of a clinical facility. The accuracy and reliability for the application of accelerometers for gait evaluation has been established through the selection of specific mounting positions based on the anatomy of the subject. Wireless accelerometer systems have been successfully demonstrated for establishing a quantified gait disparity for hemiparetic subjects. For example, the quantification of hemiparetic gait has been conducted using the lateral epicondyle of the femur as a mounting position [1].
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Gupta, Deepak K., and Anoop K. Dhingra. "Input Force Identification in Time Domain Using Optimally Placed Accelerometers." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87979.

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A technique in time domain is presented that aims at identifying dynamic loads acting on a structure from acceleration time response measured experimentally at finite number of locations on the structure. The structure essentially gets transformed into its own load transducer. The approach is based on the standard equilibrium equation in dynamics in time domain. For measurement of the acceleration response, there can be a large number of combinations of locations on the structure where the accelerometers can be mounted and the recovered loads may be quite sensitive to the locations selected for accelerometer placements. In fact, the precision with which the applied loads are estimated from measured acceleration response depends on the number of accelerometers utilized and their locations on the component. Implementation of a methodology to determine the optimum set of accelerometer locations, based on the sparse nature of the mass, damping and stiffness matrices, is presented to guide the selection of number and locations of accelerometers that will provide the most precise load estimates. A numerical validation that helps understand the main characteristics of the proposed approach is also presented. The numerical results reveal the effectiveness and utility of the proposed technique.
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Wang, Keming, Dongzhe Yang, Kourosh Danai, and David G. Lewicki. "Model-Based Selection of Accelerometer Locations for Helicopter Gearbox Monitoring." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0231.

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Abstract A novel method is introduced to quantify based on the structure of the gearbox the monitoring effectiveness of accelerometer locations on the housing. In this method, monitoring effectiveness of sets of accelerometer locations is defined in terms of two indices: the coverage index and the overlap index. The coverage index is obtained from an influence matrix defining the level of effect of component faults on accelerometer readings. The overlap index denotes the level of overlap between pairs of accelerometers in coverage of components. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified experimentally based on measurement-fault data obtained from an OH-58A main rotor gearbox. The estimated rankings of various sets of accelerometer locations based on the estimated values of their monitoring effectiveness agree closely with those obtained empirically.
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Reports on the topic "ACCELEROMETRI"

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Warne, Larry Kevin, Carrie Frances Schmidt, Kenneth Allen Peterson, Stanley H. Kravitz, Rosemarie A. Renn, Frank J. Peter, Ragon D. Kinney, and Jeffrey C. Gilkey. Levitated micro-accelerometer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/919151.

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Koehler, D. R., S. H. Kravitz, and P. T. Vianco. Ultraminiature resonator accelerometer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/231652.

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Porterfield, Malcolm Kenneth. Accelerometer Drift Study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1601376.

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Balls, J. D. Neurological Diagnostic Accelerometer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/755833.

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Ammerman, D. J., M. M. Madsen, W. L. Uncapher, D. R. Stenberg, and D. R. Bronowski. Accelerometer and strain gage evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5213009.

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MATERIALS SYSTEMS INC LITTLETON MA. 1-3 Composite Accelerometer Array. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada299622.

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Soh, Daniel, Jongmin Lee, and Peter Schwindt. Modeling of Atom Interferometer Accelerometer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1670252.

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Alsaedi, Mohammed. Development of 3D Accelerometer Testing System. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5262.

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Candy, J. Accelerometer Modeling in the State-Space. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1777338.

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Siebert, Christopher. Heart Rate and Accelerometry during Singles Footbag Net Play. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.650.

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