Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Accès à la justice – Gabon'
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Bikeye-Bi-Ndong, Ludmilia. "L'évolution générale de la justice gabonaise : entre le poids du passé et les difficultés actuelles." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUED003.
Full textNgoli, Mouckoda Nancy. "Le droit à la justice au Gabon face aux dérives de la coutume." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC046.
Full textThe right to justice in Gabon, which has taken various forms over time and space, is not always perceived as the right of an individual who believes that he has been wronged, to bring the allegations of his claim before a trial judge. In fact, some individuals, particularly in the family environment of the couple, stand up as judge and party in disregard of the legal principle of fair justice which exclusively empowers the competent judge in the course of a proceeding to determine the validity of a claim. It is in this context and given the attachment of the alleged litigants to a deviated custom, that an interest has attracted the attention to the question of the right to justice in Gabon in the face of customary abuses, particularly in the relationship of the couple and their families. Through this reality which suggests a gap between what the law provides, its perception by the populations and the use that they make of it, a discussion was conducted to find out how to achieve a real social fear of the positive law?This led on the one hand, to apprehend the drifts of the custom at the stage of the important events of the life of the couple. And on the other hand, to search for what the justice in Gabon says about these phenomena. Thus, after analysis of these data, suggestions were made at the end of this thesis work to reflect on the need for a right in adequacy between its theory and its practice
Wora, Huguette Sylvianne. "La justice constitutionnelle au Gabon." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA111016.
Full textNguia, Banda Alfred. "Justice étatique et justice coutumière en matière pénale au Gabon : existence, réalités et perspectives." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10074.
Full textManganguéla, Bertille. "L' Etat, la justice et les justiciables au Gabon." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010329.
Full textThiam, Chouaibou. "L'accès à la justice en Mauritanie." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0727.
Full textThe proclamation of the human rights, essential foundation of the democracy and the state of right, cannot be efficient if the equal access to the justice is not really assured. The international engagements of Mauritania fix him similar objectives besides. Indeed everybody feels at least confusedly, the importance of the justice in the society and more especially in a State of right. Of all the rights and liberties affirmed, the one relative to the access to the justice dons a particular importance. So that the person subject to trial recovers a confidence in the justice it is necessary to raise all obstacles imperatively to the working of the jurisdictions, to facilitate their access to the litigants and to guarantee the equality before them. This thesis has for objective, to drive a global reflection on the relative problems in the access to the justice. Our work must act as basis to the development by the government of a law project reforming the access to the justice in Mauritania
Nze-Biteghe, Jean-Christophe. "Le système gabonais de justice constitutionnelle : l'exemple de la Cour Constitutionnelle." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU10030.
Full textAgondjo, Afriquita. "Le juge gabonais face à la coutume." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010300.
Full textThe Gabon of todays is caught between two different worlds with strongly antagonist values : the sacred traditional society versus the modern and materialistic world. That duality naturally applies as for as justice is concerned. The western type for justice and the informal type coexist in opposition and reflect the daily experiences of the Gabonese people. For that reason, the situation of the judge is indeed very uncomfortable, his dilemma is in deciding whether to render justice that is rooted in the law or one that is reflection of Gabonese society. At a time when there is a lot of talk about acculturation, underdevelopment, crisis of the judiciary system and when by the same token we are also witnessing the clamoring for a state of law in Gabon, the recognition of customary law does not derive from any dream or love of past. On the contrary, taking into consideration its general principles can lead to the construction of a modern system of law, truly rooted in Gabonese culture with the advantage of being understood, recognized and respected. This unique and original system of law which embraces the cultural values and is able to transcend and is also capable of evolving by integrating modern values. Judges could become tomorrow's masters. It is up to them to follow the wisdom of their ancestors in order not to become despots. The sources for the elaboration of a new law could also be obtained from experience in the African countries i. E. Beyond the frontiers of Gabon. Beyond the concepts and technique the system of law is also a certain way of looking at the world, the social interactions and justice
Nguiabama-Makaya, Fabrice. "Les espaces carcéraux au Gabon (1887-1959)." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10021.
Full textVieu, Jean-Baptiste. "Les Maisons de Justice et du Droit : une perspective de rénovation de la Justice ?" Toulouse 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU10001.
Full textJustice and Law’s Houses are born on empirical initiatives from attorneys, politicians and lawyers. Since 1998, and the 18th december Act (n°98-1163), they are officialy included in the french legal system. That allows their massive spread. First, these houses take place on prevention of delinquency, help for victims, and principaly local access to the law (providing free legal advices). Second, they are new places besides the courts which receive dispute treatment, by using Alternative Dispute Resolution (A. D. R). If they join the Justice civil service, their creation is optional and restricted on a district area. The Justice and Law’s Houses’ role and its expansion opportunities change the Justice’s classical understanding. Can they give an efficient answer to the national scheme concerning disputes prevention or treatment ? Does alternative follow processual guarantees for individual rights ? How can courts be associated ? In order to answer these questions, this work shows modestly how can Justice and Law’s Houses upgrade Justice in France
Bruneau, Delphine. "La proximité de la justice : Approche franco-québécoise." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10019.
Full textNgoumbango, Kohetto Jocelyn. "L'accès au droit et à la justice des citoyens en République centrafricaine." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00987518.
Full textBrero, Noël. "L'assurance et l'accès à la justice : approche critique." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE0019.
Full textMissang, Bibang Covacks. "La justice administrative au Gabon et au Cameroun : contribution à l'étude de la réception des droits étrangers en Afrique noire francophone." Toulouse 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU10005.
Full textThe germination and the evolution of the institution of administrative justice in Africa coincide with the development of the colonial administration. It will be maintained at the time of the accession to international sovereignty, even if its organization will depending on the States : on a side, those which, according to the example of Senegal, have, by preoccupation with the simplification, broken with the french solution of jurisdictional duality ; and other, those whose leader could be the Malagasy Republic, which prefered a solution closer to the preceding system. It is in the last category that is necessary to arrange Gabon anf Cameroon, two neighboring States of central Africa. However, the budgetary weight of the new organization and especially the absence of staff specialized in administrative dispute led in most States setting up a general-purpose Supreme court. The opening of the democratic transition also starts the beginning of the dismantling of this jurisdictional monism, more especially at the tendency is rather is the installation of autonomous administrative jurisdictions. All the excuses testify to the difficulty of the African States of obtaining a system adapted for the regulation of the litigations opposing administration and citizens. In a continent where one aspires more ever to setting-up and the consolidation of the Rule of law, it is not any more opportunity of such institution which would be matter with interrogations. On the other hand, its organization, its integration in a sometimes hostile sociological medium continue to feed doctrinal debates as well as political. Those which incarnate the institution are not in remainder. Thus, the timidity of the administrative judges and his promptitude to import foreign jurisprudence, particularly french, are far from supporting the emergence of a public law which is adapted to the States
Da, Lozzo Michaël. "La réalisation de l’accès à la justice dans l’Espace européen de justice : une contribution à la résolution des litiges commerciaux transfrontières." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10033/document.
Full textThe European Union experiences a growing number of cross-border commercial disputes (between professionals or between a professional and a consumer). These litigations shall be resolved at the demand of the claimant, so s/he can enjoy his/her substantial rights. Hence, it is essential to guarantee access to justice, whether public or private, within this European area of justice. To this end, the EU has a shared competence to adopt rules facilitating access to justice (art. 67 §4 Treaty FEU). Considered as an objective and a fundamental right, access to justice shall be realized through judicial cooperation law of the Union. This analysis shall reveal its richness as well as its lacuna. Therefore, one must determine how the European area of justice shall reach this objective of access to justice to allow the settlement of cross-boarder commercial disputes
Kwahou, Sylvestre. "La justice administrative au Gabon : essai sur l'exercice de la fonction juridictionnelle en matière administrative." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUED003.
Full textCseke, Nóra. "Accès au juge et aux procédures d'asile à la lumière des droits européen, allemand et français." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAA004.
Full textThe effectiveness of access to asylum bodies depends on a combination of several factors which are not derived solely from national law. The sine qua non of the effectiveness of such access is a harmonious reception by the various Member States of the procedural guarantees essential to it and defined at European level, which presupposes, however, a balanced relationship between ECHR law and Union law built in a spirit of dialogue. In establishing this dialogue, the EU legislator, like the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union, plays an essential role, and if this dialogue were to prove dissonant, national law could still correct any shortcomings thus noted. To this end, it is certainly necessary to establish a dialogue also at national level, not only with the EU legislator and the European courts but also between the administrative and judicial authorities at State level. Ultimately, the effectiveness of this access is also essential in a cross-border dimension in order to further approximate national legislation and to propose a European solution to the structural and systemic problems characterizing this access
Wade, Mame Ndiaga. "Accès au juge constitutionnel et constitutionnalisation du droit : approche comparée avec l'Allemagne, l'Italie et l'Espagne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1071/document.
Full textThe direct access of individuals to constitutional justice has the tendency in Germany and Spain, contrary to France and Italy where it does not exist, to modify the current and objective nature of the mission of constitutionalisation of the constitutional judge through the subjective goals individual and direct recourses. It triggers, on the other hand, on the side of the constitutional judge another function than the simple constitutionalisation of law that remains objective in the case of the indirect access, which is leading to the fundamentalisation of law, which has very subjective features. This is explaining the competition between the constitutional judge and the ordinary and European courts that leads the first to behave in Supreme Court in Germany and Spain where those review procedures exist. The fundamentalisation, which is a wider process than the constitutionalisation one, also oblige the constitutional judge to adapt and to get involved in the “circulation of legal solutions”
Idourah, Silvère Ngoundos. "Colonisation et confiscation de la justice en Afrique : l'administration de la justice au Gabon, Moyen-Congo, Oubangui-Chari et Tchad, de la création des colonies à l'aube des indépendances /." Paris ; Budapest ; Torino : l'Harmattan, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb377178835.
Full textEn appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. p. 369-388.
Ondo, Okemvele Armand Lylian. "La procédure orale." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT4010.
Full textNobody can deny the ills of oral procedure. Indeed, there is a risk in so far as the rights of defence are concerned, when it comes to the fact of hearing all litigants to a case in particular. But, in spite of its inherent imperfections, oral procedure should keep on being, because so far it is the only way to allow a close trial. Which is essential in any democratic society. Thus, this means that oral procedure is, in tact. A needed tool for the service of law, and its endlessly growing challenges. This contribution of oral procedure in making law within the reach of everyone, is indeed expressed through the adaptability of its system, but it is also furthered by the procedure and jurisdiction on which it rests
Bétaille, Julien. "Les conditions juridiques de l'effectivité de la norme en droit public interne : illustrations en droit de l'urbanisme et en droit de l'environnement." Limoges, 2012. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/7c336217-f53e-44c5-9992-3021ecc2374d/blobholder:0/2012LIMO1007.pdf.
Full textThe legal norm exercises its function of direction of human conducts only if it produces effects on the real. Norm’s effectivity is influenced by several elements of the legal system. The identification of the legal conditions of the norm’s effectivity leads to underline the classic role of legal order’s coherence and sanction. Nevertheless, those conditions are not exclusive. Other elements of the legal system are intended to amplify norm’s effectivity. On the one hand, norm’s conception influences its effectivity. Its qualities, the adoption and the selection of its implementation norms and instruments as well as the confidence of its recipients are legal conditions of effectivity. On the other hand, in terms of norm’s reception, access to justice granted to its recipients, its interpretation by the judge and the powers that are allocated to the latter exercise as well an influence on the effectivity. Relations of implication can be established between those different elements of the legal system and the norm’s effectivity. However, the assessment of the legal conditions of the effectivity in respect of positive law shows that those relations of implication are supple in view of the limits intrinsic in those conditions. It suggests as well that effectivity is often partial and that the knowledge of the legal conditions of the effectivity could be supplemented by that of non- legal conditions of the effectivity
Désy, Alexandre. "Les coûts et les délais judiciaires de la médiation judiciaire : les discours théoriques et pratiques sous le regard de l'analyse économique du droit." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6105.
Full textHountohotegbe, Sèdjro Axel-Luc. "Repenser la procédure civile : les enjeux théoriques de l'accès à la justice et l'hypothèse de la régulation sociale par l'intégration des modes extrajudiciaires de prévention et de règlement des différends (PRD)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28329.
Full textLa thèse analyse en théorie du droit l’évolution de la procédure civile sous l’angle des enjeux de l’accès à la justice. Elle formule l’hypothèse d’un modèle de régulation sociale qui opère un renversement de la perspective moniste positiviste classique par l’intégration des modes extrajudiciaires de PRD. La thèse répond à la question de recherche suivante : Quels fondements théoriques à l’évolution de la procédure civile pour l’amélioration de l’accès à la justice ? D’un point de vue méthodologique, la thèse opte pour une démarche théorique et documentaire. Elle emprunte aux principales Écoles de théories du droit, en particulier à l’École sociologique. Le cadre théorique s’appuie alors sur les théories du pluralisme juridique, des systèmes et du réseau. Ces théories irriguent la thèse tout entière et servent de grille analytique aux deux parties principales de celle-ci. Dans la première partie, la thèse délimite et précise le concept d’accès à la justice. En trois chapitres, cette première partie s’attèle méthodiquement à déconstruire les acceptions dominantes institutionnelles et restrictives du concept. Elle aboutit à l’élaboration d’une définition innovante à valeur théorique et pratique de l’accès à la justice. Dans la seconde partie, l’analyse porte sur l’évolution des paradigmes de la procédure civile. En trois chapitres, elle pose une critique du système dominant de règlement des conflits en général et de la procédure civile en particulier qui reposent sur le droit selon les principes de hiérarchie des normes. La thèse déconstruit cette vision, puis propose une théorie générale supportant la légitimité des modes extrajudiciaires de PRD. Finalement, la recherche suggère une évolution de la procédure civile et soumet à cet effet un modèle de système de justice alternatif intégrant les modes extrajudiciaires de PRD. Le modèle de régulation proposé est non antinomique et complémentaire au modèle dominant. Le modèle de régulation sociale construit dans la thèse s’articule autour de trois paradigmes fondamentaux à savoir la décentralisation, la multipolarité et la complémentarité. La thèse constitue un compendium d’analyses et soumet un cadre de référence des paradigmes de base d’un système de justice renouvelé pour l’amélioration de l’accès à la justice.
The thesis analyzes the evolution of civil procedure in terms of access to justice issues in theory of law. It makes the assumption of a model of social regulation which operates a reversal of the classic positivist monistic perspective by the integration of the extrajudicial modes of PRD. The thesis responds to the following research question: what theoretical foundations to the evolution of civil procedure for the improvement of access to justice? From a methodological point of view, the thesis opts for a theoretical and documentary approach. It borrows from the main schools of theories of law, in particular the sociological school. The theoretical framework is then based on theories of legal pluralism, the systems and the network. These theories irrigate the whole thesis and serve as the two main parts of the analytic grid. In the first part, the thesis focuses on the accuracy of the concept of access to justice. In three chapters, this first part is working methodically to deconstruct the dominant meanings institutional and narrowing of the concept. It leads to the development of an innovative theoretical definition and practical access to justice. In the second part, the analysis focuses on the evolution of the paradigms of the civil procedure. In three chapters, it poses a critique of System dominant rules of conflict in general and civil procedure in particular which are based on the law according to the principles of hierarchy of norms. The thesis deconstructed this vision, and then proposes a general theory supporting the legitimacy of the extrajudicial modes of PRD. Finally, the research suggests an evolution of civil procedure and submits to this effect an alternative justice system model not oxymoronic, but complementary to the dominant model integrating extrajudicial modes of PRD. The social regulation model built and submit in the thesis revolves around three paradigms fundamental namely decentralisation, multipolarity and complementarity. The thesis is a compendium of analyses and submits a frame of reference of the paradigms of a justice system for the improvement of access to justice.
Barailler, Caroline. "L'oralité en procédure civile." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE0005.
Full textPiazzon, Amélie. "L'oralité judiciaire." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU10059.
Full textThe importance of speech with regards to procedural rules is nowadays questioned while legal writing on these issues becomes the norm. Trial language is now written whatever the rules of argument - by speech or by writ. A debate has its advantages in matters of accessibility, speed and negotiating, yet it has many downturns, especially with rules of evidence. Unless considering it as an expensive and outmoded judicial trinket, it is necessary to ponder on the deep reasons for this evolution. The use of eloquence in the judicial arena remains necessary for a democracy: it ensures respect of fair trial by showing a down-to-earth point of view. Meanwhile, taking debating into account doesn’t mean rejecting written arguments: it suggests symbiosis. Although formalism is important in French law, return to eloquence is not to be cast aside. It has its place in procedural rules and nowadays the fundamental requirements for a fair trial along with the rise of new technologies should bring upon a new way of delivering a legal speech
Ursachi, Raluca. "La justice de transition en Roumanie postcommuniste : Usages politiques du passé." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010320.
Full textSounda, Love Leaticia. "L’accès aux soins au Gabon : écart entre la stratégie politique et les pratiques de santé." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0072/document.
Full textAt the declarative level, the Gabonese State demonstrates its commitment to guarantee and protect the lives of people through a coherent health policy. However, the issue of equality in healthcare remains unresolved in Gabon. It raises questions from the population and health actors. The research conducted in this thesis has practical implications. It is a question of a context of deficiency of the offer of public health, aggravated by the existence of the non-professional practices, dominated by the quest for profit. Our study analyzes access to healthcare devices in order to better understand the reasons for their fragility. This dissertation mobilizes the methodological and conceptual tools of sociology to offer a fine analysis of the gap between the political strategy of health and health practices such as class medicine and the merchandising of healthcare in Gabon. This country of Central Africa is all the more interesting to study as it allows to relativize the approaches which are fixed only on the economic dimension of the problem. Indeed, Gabon is a relatively rich country. However, equality with regard to access to healthcare, although officially decreed, is far from being effective
Bideau, Cécile. "L'accès de l'enfant à la justice : en droit français et en droit québécois." Lyon 3, 2006. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2006_in_bideau_c.pdf.
Full textA comparative study between French and Quebec Law reveals that under French Law, less importance is given to the protection of the child than to his rights. Apart from specific procedures such as youth protection or penal procedures, access to justice for minors is still limited. The minor may only address the tribunal individually in exceptional circumstances. The right to be heard, recognized under the January 8th, 1993 Act, is still not applied properly. Quebec Law has found a balance between the protection a child needs and the exercice of his rights. The diversity of the systems developed under Quebec Law enables the child's access to the tribunal while preserving his interests
Gauvin, Fanny. "Le litige, le juge et l'assureur de protection juridique." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT4016.
Full textLaiche, Mounia. "L'évolution de la justice en Algérie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0027.
Full textJudiciary is as ancient and universal aspiration, but human societies have not yet reached a consensus regarding its organization and mode of operation. The judiciary is strongly linked to the history of each people. Nevertheless, the general principles governing judiciary, seems to become a human heritage, particularly regarding the independence and impartiality of courts, the right to access to justice, equality before the law ... From this paradox between universality and relativity of judiciary, feeds our research entitled " the evolution of justice in Algeria
Dornel, Flora. "Open data des données judiciaires : entre transparence de la justice et droit à la vie privée." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67168.
Full textLe projet de recherche s’inscrit dans le contexte du mouvement d’open legal data, c’est-à-dire des données judiciaires ouvertes. En effet, que ce soit en France ou au Canada, les données judiciaires font l’objet d’une législation en faveur de l’open data. Les données judiciaires sont mises à la disposition des citoyens, de manière variable selon les systèmes juridiques. La question qui est au cœur du problème est l’affrontement de deux valeurs fondamentales : le droit du public à la transparence de l’administration de la justice, qui justifie que les données judiciaires soient consultables, et le droit de l’individu à la protection de sa vie privée.
This research project is set within the broader context of the open data movement, namely that of open judicial data. This type of data has been subject to legislation in favour of open data both in France and in Canada. Each legal system has a different approach as to how judicial data is made available to the population. The underlying issue is the interplay between two fundamental rights: the collective right to an open and transparent justice system, which in turn justifies the openness of judicial data, and the individual right to privacy.
Pohn-Weidinger, Axel. "Écrire dans les plis du droit social : une sociologie du dossier." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084072.
Full textIn the wake of the transformation of the French welfare state, the conditions for gaining access to social rights have changed. Since the 1980s, social policies target smaller populations and increase the control over the “good use” of public money by making greater demands on individuals in return for subsidies. The question is whether this transformation creates distance between vulnerable populations and social institutions? In order to describe how individuals gain eligibility to social law under these new circumstances, this thesis takes a close look at the practices of writing that are meant to establish a “good record”. The ethnographic fieldwork was conducted in the archives and at the counters of a municipal administration, at a social housing office, at an association for over-indepted citizens, at a welfare office, at the state secretary for poverty, as well as with overindepted families. Filling out forms, gathering papers to prove over-indeptedness, and appealing to a decision before the state secretary: “paperwork” is a multiform activity, drawing on various ways of thinking about oneself and about legality. As legal categories can change their meaning and implications from one institutional frame to another, how do individuals establish coherence within their file? By following citizens and files through a highly differentiated administrative landscape, this thesis highlights the immense amount of cognitive, emotional, biographical and legal work necessary to gain access to social rights
Jeannin, Laure. "Le droit au recours juridictionnel des personnes privées en droit public comparé franco-allemand." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010325.
Full textChalas, Christelle. "L'exercice discrétionnaire de la compétence juridictionnelle en droit international privé." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010301.
Full textSantorineos, Anne-Marie. "L’accès à la justice en matière de droits de la personne : les discours juridiques sous le regard de la typologie des cinq vagues élaborée par Roderick A. Macdonald." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11056.
Full textYoulou, Philippe. "Tradition et mimétisme dans le fonctionnement de la justice francophone : le cas de la République du Congo." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0052.
Full textLejeune, Aude. "Nul n'est censé être ignoré par le(s) droit(s) : politiques d'accès au droit et à la justice en Belgique et en France." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DENS0014.
Full textLegal aid allows access to social and political citizenship. In a context where the transformation of social policies seeks to empower laypeople, lawyers are encouraged to intervene before litigations in order to pass "Iegal consciousness" on laypeople. Through this process, citizcns could be able to defend and promote their rights in everyday life. Beside legal assistance in which disadvantaged people can be assisted by a lawyer in their litigations, legal aid policy offers legal support and expertise in or outside litigation. My PhD dissertation analyses how public authorities and lawyers take in charge legal aid in two countries: Belgium and France. Both terms of comparison have been selected for their historical, legal and cultural proximity. However, they are characterized by very different State and Civil Society traditions. The main focus lies on the relation between the mobilization of law and the institutional contexts in which lawyers provide legal aid. This approach allows me to highlight the formation of innovative social and political mobilizations of law. This process is linked with recent social policies' and, more broadly, public policies' transformations
Lucas, Olivier. "Pour un droit processuel de la consommation." Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10405.
Full textNuchprayool, Bajrawan. "L'accès au juge administratif en Thaïlande." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32004.
Full textThe Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand 2007 defines an overhaul of the administrative courts with the separated jurisdictions in order to protect the fundamental rights and freedom of all citizens against the misused of state power, to repair any damages caused by the administration, and to control the legality of administrative acts. Moreover, the regulations on how to bring the cases to courts are simplified into uncomplicated written form and can be conducted without a lawyer. Since in the inquisitorial system lets the judge to gather evidences as to conduct the investigations with the administration.However, there are some restrictions about bringing cases to courts which included the conditions of the applicant's abilities to act and "the circle of interest to sue". This perspective of the fundamental aspects of administrative lawsuit has been influenced by western countries, including France. This research study both the theoretical and practical dimensions on how to bring cases to administrative courts which reflect current and future situation through the analysis of the Thai and French administrative lawsuit systems
Njupouen, Isaac Bolivar René. "Dynamiques alternatives pour l'accès au droit et à la justice dans un contexte de pauvreté : enjeux de l'état de droit, de la gouvernance et du développement durable." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090036/document.
Full textThis research work focuses on the multiple agents of access to law and justice for the poor. In the current context marked by the globalization of capitalism, we witness the ever growing judiciarisation of society which seems to result from the former phenomenon; people increasingly seek to be subjects of law and everything or almost everything refers to justice.In the meantime, the disproportionate wealth of some people and impoverishment of others has not reduced the gap and tension between the rich and the poor, the strong and the weak. While justice is a natural fundamental need for every human being, to access the judicial machinery and to rightfully obtain a favorable court ruling is, to some extent perceived in many societies, wrongly or rightly, as being the privilege of the richest and of the strongest. Thus, many initiatives, be they at personal, social, cultural, citizens’ or international level, are developed, with the aim to break such determinism by lending a hand to the needy, so as to enable them get access to justice. In effect, facing the costly and intricate nature of the institutional justice system, multiple actors are getting themselves available for poor citizens. This is possible through internal alternative or similar mechanisms to institutional justice.These emerging or re-emerging forms of justice, in both the private and public spheres, seeking to fit to the rationality of the modern law or which belong to other rationalities and cultures, question on one hand the Rule of Law, governance and development, and on the other hand, universalism and the sense of identity. This requires finding through each of these forms of justice, the proof that it contributes to the defense of the universal human rights, a consequence of the Subjectivation
Lhuillier, Julien. "La bonne administration de la Justice pénale en Europe." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0157.
Full textIn a European comparative perspective, a study of administration of Justice andassessment of its quality means to anticipate what an independent and democratic Justice should be in the XXIst century. By carrying out comparative exercises in this field, the Council of Europe - and namely the European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice - has created an assessment framework and an efficient network of pilot courts, which put the Commission's endeavors ahead of any similar works done by other organizations. The diversity of judicial systems that make part of the Council of Europe offers large possibilities for comparison, which allow sampling and categorizing of different States and elaboration of relevant quality indicators. In Europe, citizens and political classes criticize the circumstances under which Justice is rendered. However, in contrast with the past, the critique does not target specific decisions rendered in a particular case, but more so the administration of the case by the entire chain of the judicial mechanism. Quality indicators are proliferating, at risk of hindering the quality of Justice rendered. In order to give an adequate reply to new demands of the citizens, without infringing independence and quality of Justice, the European States should themselves assessthe quality of Justice administration and put this issue in the heart of the public debate. In the First part of the Study, the quest for fair administration of justice allows to identify certain quality indicators relating to different forms of independence and transparency of Justice. Also, it raises the question of the new place that should be conferred to the user of Justice during the process and the timeframes to which his case is subjected. The study shows that, in the end, the quest for fair administration of Justice has a great role to play in ensuring structural and ethical independence during selection and appointment of magistrates, as wellas during their entering into function and their exercise thereof. The different levelsconsidered - institutional, functional and personal - allow projecting possible ways ofevolution of the matter in Europe, including in France where the executive power still plays an important role. Reforms aiming at making Justice closer to the user are recommended: by promoting exchange between users and different partners of jurisdictions, it will become easier to define the place of the users within the Justice system, to provide an adequate 11 remedy to their problems and to make useful the time that they spent awaiting a decision on their case.In the Second part of the Study, the quest for fair administration of Justice allows to identify multiple qualitative and quantitative indicators, which relate to the case flow, to the costs, to the quality of the procedures, as well as to the financial means allocated to Justice. The last title of the study provides a synthesis and a tool for practical use: it applies the previously identified indicators to different fields of assessment and designates to every indicator the most pertinent assessment methods. The interest and the novelty of the present research reside in the comparison of the different Justice models, going beyond a purely conceptual, -architectural - approach of Justice administration and exploiting qualitative and quantitative criteria elaborated by Working Groups of international organizations. Fair administration of Justice is not only the Justice rendered and quantified by courts' activity reports. It also reflects the capacity of the Justice system to make accept and respect - by the judiciary, as well as by the public opinion - the common European criteria of "fair justice"
Moon, Kwangjin. "Le droit du paysage en France et en Corée : étude comparée." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D044/document.
Full textThe objects of this comparative law thesis are the transformation of the legal concept of landscape in France and Korea and the problems related to the administrative and jurisdictional procedures in landscape law of these two countries. Until the end of the twentieth century, these two countries’ law did not assume the subjective dimension of landscape, whereas this one is obvious in the relation with the aesthetics. In these circumstances, the protection and development of landscapes have been mainly indirectly taken into account in several legal areas. During the late twentieth century, the evolution of democracy highlighted the subjective dimension of landscape in law. In France, its subjective character has developed since the 1980s, particularly with the entry into force of the European Landscape Convention of 2000, and in Korea, from the 1990s, in particular with the drafting of the act of 17 May 2007. Since landscape policies and administration are no longer the preserve of experts and public power, it is important to ensure citizens’ access to landscape information and their participation in decision-making related to landscape. Such a democratization of the landscape law can be consolidated by the judicial review of landscape administration through the guarantee of access to justice
Boucher, Éliane. "Mobiliser les connaissances en linguistique dans la recherche de l’intelligibilité du texte de loi : l’exemple de la structure de la phrase comme outil pour favoriser l’accès à la justice pour tous." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40501.
Full textAmado, Neto Jorge. "Conciliação, mediação e acesso à justiça através dos acordos extrajudiciais: o fortalecimento da cidadania por meio dos Balcões de Justiça e Cidadania." Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2013. http://ri.ucsal.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456730/281.
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A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a o fortalecimento da cidadania por intermédio dos Balcões de Justiça e Cidadania – instituições criadas pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Estado da Bahia como auxiliares do Poder Judiciário – no contexto da atual dinâmica social de pacificação de conflitos. Esta pesquisa terá como fontes de estudo a doutrina, as manifestações políticas e jurídicas ainda que de natureza não doutrinária, a legislação e os dados oficiais fornecidos por organismos públicos de natureza nacional ou internacional. Neste sentido se buscará traçar os parâmetros históricos que delinearam conceitos, elementos e objetivos do acesso à justiça como instrumento de pacificação social nos ordenamentos jurídicos que influenciaram o direito brasileiro. Para tanto, se tratará tal perspectiva tendo como baliza os elementos normativos presentes na composição da ordem jurídica vigente, e mais especialmente baseando-se nos dispositivos previstos na Constituição Federal. Desta análise constitucional sobre os vieses do acesso à justiça, se propõe utilizar a hermenêutica para identificar suas múltiplas conceituações e as consequentes formas de concretização. Dar-se-á enfoque aos litígios apresentados aos Balcões de Justiça e Cidadania – partes do objeto do presente estudo – para que seja averiguado o sucesso das iniciativas extrajudiciais de acesso à justiça, partindo do pressuposto de que os litígios resolvidos por meio de acordos teriam possibilidade maior de trazer às partes, mutuamente, a satisfação dos seus interesses, em detrimento daqueles litígios que findam com a efetiva sentença judicial, na qual as partes têm o seu direito imposto pelo magistrado. À parte de verificação de dados objetivos, se procederá com a análise dos laudos fornecidos pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Estado da Bahia quanto ao grau de satisfação dos assistidos, no Balcão de Justiça e Cidadania. Acredita-se que tais manifestações apresentadas nos documentos oficiais do TJ/BA venham a confirmar esta efetividade dos métodos extrajudiciais de resolução de conflitos como suportes ao judiciário para o alcance do ideal de acesso à justiça.
Cette recherche vise à analyser le renforcement de la citoyenneté à travers les branches de la Justice et citoyenneté - les institutions créées par la Cour de justice de l'État de Bahia en tant qu'auxiliaires de la justice - dans le contexte de la dynamique actuelle de pacification sociale des conflits. Cette recherche permettra d'étudier les sources de la doctrine, des manifestations politiques et juridiques dans la nature mais pas la doctrine, législation et des données officielles fournies par public national ou international. En ce sens, nous allons essayer de retracer les paramètres historiques décrites concepts, les éléments et les objectifs de l'accès à la justice comme un instrument de la paix sociale dans les juridictions qui ont influencé la législation brésilienne. Ainsi, il permettra de traiter une telle perspective comme ayant tiré les éléments normatifs dans la composition du système juridique en vigueur, et plus précisément sur la base des dispositions énoncées dans la Constitution fédérale. Cette analyse constitutionnelle sur les biais de l'accès à la justice, il propose d'utiliser l'herméneutique afin d'identifier leurs multiples conceptualisations et les modes de réalisation qui en résultent. Il axera ses travaux aux différends soumis à bureaux Justice et citoyenneté - une partie de l'objet de cette étude - à examiner les initiatives réussies accès extrajudiciaires à la justice, dans l'hypothèse où le règlement des litiges par des accords seraient plus de chances d'amener les parties satisfaisant mutuellement leurs intérêts au détriment de ces différends qu'ils cessent avec la décision du tribunal efficace, dans lequel les parties ont leur obligation imposée par le juge. Hormis à des fins de vérification des données, il sera à l'analyse des rapports fournis par la Cour de justice de l'État de Bahia dans le degré de satisfaction des bénéficiaires, le Tour Justice et citoyenneté. On croit que de telles démonstrations présentées dans les documents officiels du TJ / BA confirmeront cette efficacité des méthodes extrajudiciaires de résolution des conflits soutient la magistrature pour atteindre l'idéal de l'accès à la justice.
Stamboulous, Artémis. "La participation du public et l'évaluation des incidences environnementales en droits communautaire, français et grec." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR30026.
Full textDamage to the environment through human activity and economic development has resulted in the establishment of the environmental assessment principle into the European’s Union, French and Greek legal orders. It evaluates the impact that projects, plans and programs may have on the environment and public health. The public must take part in this evaluation that may affect its life and the environment. The principle of public participation in the environmental protection is constituted of three distinct principles; Access to information, public participation in decision making and access to justice in environmental matters. The application of these principles requires not only the environmental education of citizens but also the reorganisation of the decisional process
Dos, Santos Lauriane. "Faire justice aux marges : une ethnographie à bord des "tribunaux spéciaux itinérants" du Brésil (État de l'Amapá, région amazonienne)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0164.
Full textThe thesis looks back at the establishment of the “special circuit courts” (juizados especiais itinerantes) in contemporary Brazil (from 1996 to now). Those are mobile courts that are specialized in “small dispute” settlement and the so-called "small claims" of the citizens – implying family, neighborhood or even land issues. They are aimed to ensure a presence of the judicial institution of the State in the spaces that are the most distant from it: both in a geographical and in a socio-cultural way. They have been created after the autocratic period, during the process of re-democratization of the regime, in order to allow a broader access to State justice for the poorest and the most marginalized parts of society, by providing them new free legal servicesThis research follows the path of one of the first courts of this type to be set up across the country. In the state of Amapá (region of Amazon), near French Guiana and Suriname, every two months, judges and conciliators of justice leave their offices in the city center to undertake journeys of several days or even weeks, sailing on the Amazon to the most remote villages and hamlets in their constituency. Once arrived in those localities, they settle the conflicts the inhabitants may have, by delivering what they define as a fast, effective and conciliatory justice. The thesis is based on a five-years field research in this Amazonian part of Brazil. By reading (the archives), by listening (during interviews) and by observing daily (through ethnography) the agents of justice, one can analyze in very concrete terms the judicial work they implement in the spaces they visit. At the hearing, as during the ordinary interactions between agents of justice and litigants, it is not only the access to law and justice which is provided as a resource to the inhabitants : it is also a legal shaping of lives and a moral adjustment of local social behaviors that takes place.Then the analyzes emphasize on the representations as on the practices of the judicial agents, by using both a diverse and qualitative data base. It shows how the judicial institution grasps the local daily lives in the visited villages. By intervening in the adjustment of relationships, both with oneself and with others, and by redefining locally the ways of being and living, the judicial institution then reveals itself and its central function in the social and moral and political regulation of society, provided that it is itself structured by social relations that go beyond it, and that it also reproduces in some way
Djie, Bouin Wilfried. "Le droit à un procès équitable et la justice transitionnelle dans la reconstruction du système juridique et politique ivoirien." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10052/document.
Full textThe issue of the research deals with fair trial and transitional justice in Côte d'Ivoire. The problem at stake here is to see how the state of Côte d'Ivoire fail to protect and respect an international fondamental right as Fair trial in context of post crisis.It will be convenient to highliht the role of transitional justice and its mechanisms in the process of reinforcing respect and promotion of the right to a fair trial in Ivory Coast
Magord, Claire. "Le parcours contentieux de l'aide sociale." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STETT119.
Full textThe judicial accessing to rights to social assistance depends on the possibilities of access to the judges of welfare. The institutional and procedural specialization of litigation of welfare cases was made with legal and financial resources quite insufficient, to the point of underming access to rights. In its present form, it is a failure
Turcotte, Alexandre. "L'intégration des principes de la procédure applicables aux modes de prévention et de règlement des différends dans le nouveau "Code de procédure civile" : les effets envisagés sur l'accès à la justice civile au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26877.
Full textThe problem related to the lack of access to justice arises in all regions of the world. To solve this issue, the National Assembly of Quebec adopted, on February 20th, 2014, the Bill n°28, An Act to establish the new Code of Civil Procedure, 1st sess, 40th lég. In this regard, the preliminary provision indicates that the new Code of civil procedure (hereafter: “NCPC”), which now governs the procedure applicable to the dispute prevention and resolution processes (hereafter: “PRD”), is “designed to ensure the accessibility, quality and promptness of civil justice […]“. Beyond these words, which have a considerable interpretative value, this study analyzes to what extent the integration of the principles of procedure applicable to PRD in the NCPC may improve access to civil justice.
Colombet, Hélène. "L'obligation d'information sur les règles de droit." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STETT120.
Full textThe knowledge of the rules of the law appears to be equally imperative and challenging. The rules of the law are created for the benefit of members of the society. Their vocation is to be spread across the social sphere in order to reach their recipients, the citizens. However the acquisition of this knowledge is proving testing due to its complexity, inconsistency and abundance, yet, all should be aware of the law. The necessity to ensure access to the law and the effectiveness of the rules, has Iead to the development of the obligation of information on the rules of the law. This proposal has for effect to enable a persan "the debtor" to inform another "the creditor" of the informations regarding the rules of the law in effect. These are known as "push informations" which are supplied to anyone without being requested. This obligation of information is a way to ensure the protection of people in a position of weakness, it also provides guidance regarding the legal environment. lt is essential in order to exercise sound judgment to ensure the welfare of the persan.This thesis proposes to analyse the obligation of information on the rules of the law. lt will expose its singularity and organisation. On a wider scale, the study calls on the connection between the rules of law and the citizen. The focus is on the investigation of the reasons the authorities consider, the ever expanding knowledge of the rules, essential. Thereby, it is the opportunity to ponder the conditions of implementing the rules of the law, and more specifically, the role played by the knowledge of the rules in their implementation