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Bogdnova, Galina, and Liana Galabova. "Pandemic Models of Accessibility and Integration." Innovative STEM Education 3, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/stem.2021.0310.
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Studies of accessibility and impairment face recent glocal cultural change by reconsidering human notion of normality towards new approaches to mobility, communication, and socialisation that had become social priorities. Values of public care and subcultural solidarity now integrate more people suffering through pandemic conditions, as previously mostly impaired, and other socially vulnerable individuals had been addressed by various measures and specific attitudes of resocialisation and cultural adaptation. SARS-2 COVID-19 pandemics in 2020-2021 affected at first those members of society that had already needed special care, including youth, elderly, poor, disabled, migrants, etc. But the effects of pandemic health risks, deficits of social organisation, obstacles to civil protection, public and global reflections on the necessity of lockdowns, intensity of digital communication and infodemics on people unprepared, inexperienced, unaware in such conditions, became also statistically considerable. Therefore both social groups: of previously discriminated or needing special care, and of those who experience or reach such conditions of low equity, require accordingly adequate concern. Authorities, experts, and practitioners, responsible in managing disability and accessibility, are to focus on both general situation and its details, so that adaptation models applicable in these fields can be effective in times of pandemics, and specific measures could become more popular for all people. This paper, based on direct and participant observations, and on previous stages of our research on variety of accessibilities of tourist sites, educational media, and communication technologies, analyses particular cases of social dysfunction and problematic integration potential of spaces and infrastructure and models of organisation of new approaches that would improve resocialisation of people and activities damaged and isolated yet before pandemic. Although pandemic research is rapidly increasing in order to face various scholarly gaps, a more objective and sustainable scope of interest to accessibility is still not locally enough popular, as well as emergent integration studies and initiatives. There is no sufficient fundamentally and practically oriented support to the field, that would result in particular evaluation or regulation methodology, that could be applied and improve current situation. Nevertheless, actualisation of comparative field studies by pandemic situation is highly likely to result in paradigm shifts.
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K. Jain, Naveen, Prashant Srivastava, and Deborah L. Owens. "Leader-member exchange and resource accessibility of subordinates." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 35, no. 6 (July 29, 2014): 494–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-09-2012-0112.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for leader-member exchange (LMX) in the context of global integration strategy of multinational corporations (MNCs). Further, an interaction effect of leader's network centrality and leader's alignment with MNC policies on LMX and resource accessibility is proposed. Design/methodology/approach – The paper begins with the notion that different departments in a subsidiary of an MNC are likely to have different requirements for integration within the MNC network. This paper extends the literature by suggesting that employees working in the same department of a subsidiary of an MNC are likely to have different perception of the degree of integration of their subsidiary with other nodes in the MNC network. Findings – The paper posits that employees forming the “in-group” of a subsidiary leader are more likely to perceive their subsidiary as more integrated than the “out-group” employees; contribute more by way of knowledge transfer than the “out-group” employees; and perform better than the “out-group” employees, because of the moderating effect of leader's network centrality on the relationship between LMX and resource accessibility. Research limitations/implications – The research has implications for the role of subsidiary leaders in shaping the perceptions of their subordinates toward the global integration strategy of an MNC. Originality/value – The study fills a gap by integrating the LMX and MNC global integration strategy literatures and proposing the existence of perceptual differences, even at subordinate level.
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Heron, Michael James. "Cultural Integration and the Accessibility of Gaming." Computer Games Journal 5, no. 3-4 (November 3, 2016): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40869-016-0028-x.
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Munuera, Jose. "Integration: the quest for true equity, beyond accessibility." International Journal of Integrated Care 21, S1 (September 1, 2021): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.icic20344.
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Mohessen, Mohammed Kareem, and Bahjet Rashad Shahin. "The "Foundations and Criterias" the Integration of Transportion Systems in Large Cities' Centres." Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences 26, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2019.26.4.014.
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Transport systems are a major part and a key component of the city and its centre، and directly affect its planning and urban design. Integrated transport systems are considered as a fundamental reason of easy and possible accessibility of people، merchandise and others، as well as they appear distinctly in developed cities' centres، and to achieve such a targeted integration، the main bases must be provided. This study is emerged owing to the absence of a clear vision in our local studies about the integration of transport systems in the centres of large cities to achieve easy possible accessibility in a smooth and easy method، and also appropriate to the actual need for transport in a sustainable way to meet the social، economic and environmental requirements، such that many cities have developed plans to address traffic congestions in a studied approach. Therefore، the research problem is "the lack of a clear and accurate vision of the levels and ways to achieve the integration of transport systems in the centres of large cities، including the city of Baghdad". The research hypothesis is "integrating of different transport levels، contributes to build a sustainable city، and it is a guaranteed assurance to meet the immediate requirements of mobility and accessibility without compromising our communities' comfort in the future". Integration levels and their different foundations are the means to achieve integration to create easy accessibility and provide a sustainable environment by planning for the time being، and adopting sustainable systems in future plans. Thus، the importance of this research comes from the importance of transport systems and the foundations of their integration and their impact on the city planning to match the need for transport easily and in a way that promotes the social، economic and environmental aspects.
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Mingfei Jiang and Ada Wai-Chee Fu. "Integration and efficient lookup of compressed XML accessibility maps." IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 17, no. 7 (July 2005): 939–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2005.111.
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Sánchez-Gordón, Mary-Luz, and Lourdes Moreno. "Toward an Integration of Web Accessibility into Testing Processes." Procedia Computer Science 27 (2014): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2014.02.031.
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Gabriel, Richard, Anna Paruzynski, Ralph Eckenberg, Cynthia C. Bartholomae, Ali Nowrouzi, Wei Wang, Kerstin Schwarzwaelder, et al. "Comprehensive and Unbiased Integration Site Analysis in Clinical Gene Therapy." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 2351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.2351.2351.
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Abstract Retroviral vectors are commonly used gene delivery tools in clinical gene therapy providing stable integration and continuous gene expression of the transgene in the treated host cell. However, integration of the reverse transcribed vector DNA into the host genome is, by itself, a mutagenic eventthat may directly contribute to severe adverse events. The latter has dramatically been obbserved in individual cases in several, otherwise successful, gene therapy trials. Thus, a comprehensive analysis of the existing integration site pool in a transduced sample is indispensable to identify potential in vivo selection of affected cell clones and uncontrolled vector-induced cell proliferation. To date, there are several methods available to study the integration site distribution of retroviral vectors or other integrating elements as transposons. Each of these techniques makes use of restriction enzymes to digest the genomic DNA. To reveal particular vector integrations, a recognition motif of the used restriction enzyme has to be located in an appropriate distance to the integration locus in the host genome. Therefore, the genomic distribution of the recognition sequences directly impact the outcome of restriction enzyme dependent integration site analysis. We here report a validated genomic accessibility model which precisely determines the fraction of the human genome that can be analyzed with one reaction set up (i.e. restriction enzyme used). For our modeling, we used the clinically relevant linear amplification mediated PCR (LAM-PCR) as integration site analysis method of choice and the commonly used frequently cutting restriction enzymes (‘four-cutters’). We show that the most frequent four cutter motif (AATT) gives access to 54.5% of all possible integrations in the human genome, whereas the rarest distributed motif (CGCG) only identifies 2.9%. This restriction bias can be minimized by analyzing the same sample with different enzymes. A combination of the 5 most potent four cutter restriction enzymes gives access to 88.7% of the analyzable genome. Furthermore, we established an unbiased, non-restrictive integration site analysis technique based on (nr) LAM-PCR. Direct ligation of a single-stranded DNA sequence to the linear PCR product evades the need for restriction enzymes to recover integration sites. While standard LAM-PCR was done repeatedly with 3 different enzymes to detect integration sites present in lentivirally transduced single cell clones, nrLAM-PCR detected all integrations in these clones in one single reaction setup. This newly developed method comprehensively recovers genomic locations of integrating elements regardless of a restriction enzyme introduced bias. Our data show that the recovery rate of integration sites present in a transduced sample strongly depends on the restriction enzyme(s) used. However, we demonstrate that the genomic accessibility of viral integration sites indeed can be determined and minimized a priori, and that a non restrictive LAM-PCR approach circumvents the existing limitations. Analysis of the clonal inventory by these methods will allow determining the pharmacodynamics of insertional vectors with unprecedented precision, facilitating development and clinical testing of insertional vector systems.
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Rother, Nina. "The German Integration Panel: how to measure the influence of integration courses on migrants integration?" MIGRATION LETTERS 7, no. 1 (January 28, 2014): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v7i1.179.
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In 2005, Germany’s Federal Government introduced integration courses in order to enable migrants to improve their German language skills and thereby also their general integration into German society. From 2005 to 2007, about 500,000 migrants were granted the right to take part in an integration course. Several methodological challenges had to be overcome when establishing the German Integration Panel, a longitudinal survey aimed at analysing the efficiency and sustainability of integration courses and the impact they have on general integration processes. Among the key issues of this large-scale survey was its global design, especially the composition and accessibility of a control group of non-course participants as well as the assessment of German language proficiency.
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Han, Xueqi, Sihao Gu, Zhicheng Zhuang, Li Ming, and Yedong Chen. "Accessibility of Pocket Parks in Xuzhou Old City based on Space Syntax Theory." International Journal of Environmental Sustainability and Protection 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35745/ijesp2021v01.01.0006.
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As an important part of the green space system in high-density cities, pocket parks provide the city with natural ecological functions, including microclimate regulation, stormwater management, and so on, and also play an important role in improving the city image, promoting neighborhood communication and other social benefits. However, at present, there has been little research on the accessibility of pocket parks. Based on the theory of space syntax, pocket parks in Xuzhou old city are selected as the research object. From three dimensions of global integration, local integration, and perceived integration, the accessibility of pocket parks in Xuzhou old city was quantitatively evaluated by Depthmap software. The results showed that (1) the global accessibility and local accessibility of pocket parks in the study area were good, but the distribution of some pocket parks was "misaligned" with the road network layout and (2) the perception accessibility of some pocket parks is low, and the whole road network is perceived through the local road network structure. As a result, many people cannot find the park quickly even if they are close to the green space of the park. Because of the existing problems of pocket parks in Xuzhou old city, we put forward optimization suggestions to increase the accessibility measure of pocket parks in Xuzhou from a humanistic perspective and provide a basis for the distribution of urban pocket parks.
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Vilar, Elisângela, Ernesto Filgueiras, and Francisco Rebelo. "Integration of people with disabilities in the workplace: A methodology to evaluate the accessibility degree." Occupational Ergonomics 7, no. 2 (July 26, 2007): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/oer-2007-7203.
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This paper presents a methodology to evaluate the accessibility degree in companies, which was developed in a human centred perspective. For this purpose we considered physical, sensorial and cognitive deficiencies. A guide based on this methodology was created to turn the evaluation into an easy and helpful ergonomic tool. The guide was divided into accessibility "to the" workstation and accessibility "in the" workstation, both of them, considering the physical and informational accessibilities. They were divided into two accessibility levels, the minimal and the adequate levels, which meant the accessibility degree of the company. This methodology can also aid in ergonomic interventions for promoting an Inclusive Work Design and Safety for the workers, and for creating at the same time good working conditions, that will increase Human Performance. This tool was evaluated in a large company and implemented in Portugal through the INCLUDE program.
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Fang, Chao Yang, Yan Jiang Pan, Dan Gao, and Li Ling Miao. "The Analysis of Accessibility of Scenic Spots of Nanchang-Jiujiang Tourism Integration Region." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 2598–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.2598.
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Under the background of the tourism integration in Nanchang and Jiujiang, considering the influence of scenic spots and traffic nodes on accessibility, this paper choosed weighted mean travel time as the indicator to analyze the spatial distribution of accessibility based on highway network and to measure the transportation condition of tourism combined of Nanchang and Jiujiang. The results show that the accessibility is well, but affected by location, blocking of water or other factors, appears obviously regional differences.Through the calculation of the 47 scenic spots accessibility, 72.34% of them are less than 90 minutes. However, Mount Lu as the only one 5A level scenic spots in this area, the contaction to other scenic spots are weak. This is due to the location of Mount Lu, the grade of tourism distributing of Jiujiang where Mount Lu located at, and the level of traffic infrastructure around Mount Lu.
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Pikaart, M., J. Feng, and B. Villeponteau. "The polyomavirus enhancer activates chromatin accessibility on integration into the HPRT gene." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 12 (December 1992): 5785–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.12.5785-5792.1992.
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Recent studies suggest that enhancers may increase the accessibility of chromatin to transcription factors. To test the effects of a viral enhancer on chromatin accessibility, we have inserted minigenes with or without the polyomavirus enhancer into the third exon of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) gene by homologous recombination and have prepared high-resolution maps of gene accessibility by using a novel polymerase chain reaction assay for DNase I sensitivity. In its native state, we find that the HPRT gene has low sensitivity to DNase I in fibrosarcoma cells. Insertion of the polyomavirus enhancer and neo reporter gene into exon 3 confers altered HPRT DNase I sensitivity for several kilobases on either side of the enhancer. The changes in DNase I sensitivity peak near the enhancer and decline with distance from the enhancer. The increase in HPRT DNase I sensitivity persisted when the tk promoter was deleted from the inserted construct but disappeared when the enhancer was deleted. These experiments identify the polyomavirus enhancer as a cis-acting initiator of chromatin accessibility.
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Pikaart, M., J. Feng, and B. Villeponteau. "The polyomavirus enhancer activates chromatin accessibility on integration into the HPRT gene." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 12 (December 1992): 5785–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.12.5785.
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Recent studies suggest that enhancers may increase the accessibility of chromatin to transcription factors. To test the effects of a viral enhancer on chromatin accessibility, we have inserted minigenes with or without the polyomavirus enhancer into the third exon of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) gene by homologous recombination and have prepared high-resolution maps of gene accessibility by using a novel polymerase chain reaction assay for DNase I sensitivity. In its native state, we find that the HPRT gene has low sensitivity to DNase I in fibrosarcoma cells. Insertion of the polyomavirus enhancer and neo reporter gene into exon 3 confers altered HPRT DNase I sensitivity for several kilobases on either side of the enhancer. The changes in DNase I sensitivity peak near the enhancer and decline with distance from the enhancer. The increase in HPRT DNase I sensitivity persisted when the tk promoter was deleted from the inserted construct but disappeared when the enhancer was deleted. These experiments identify the polyomavirus enhancer as a cis-acting initiator of chromatin accessibility.
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Segev-Jacubovski, Orit, and Ephraim Shapiro. "Role of Participation in Activities and Perceived Accessibility on Quality of Life among Nondisabled Older Adults and Those with Disabilities in Israel during COVID-19." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10 (May 12, 2022): 5878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105878.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, quality of life (QoL) was reduced among many groups, including Israeli older adults. This study investigated perceived QoL, perceived accessibility of the living environment, and participation in activities among nondisabled older adults and those with disabilities in the community. It also examined whether the perceived accessibility’s effect on QoL occurs directly and/or indirectly via mediators of participation in community activities. A voluntary and anonymous survey was administered from February to May 2021 to 495 participants aged 60 and older. Respondents completed three questionnaires: WHOQOL-BREF, Community Integration Questionnaire-Revised (CIQ-R), and Perceived Accessibility of Living Environment (PALE). The main finding was that participation in activities in the community had a direct positive impact on QoL. Perceived accessibility of the living environment also had indirect positive effects on QoL through participation in activities in the community, for those without disabilities but, interestingly, not for those with disabilities. Hierarchal linear regressions revealed that participation in activities explained 53.3% of the variance for both groups while perceived accessibility added 1.1% for the nondisabled. We conclude that accessibility of living environment is a good indicator of positively perceived QoL through participation in various activities in the community for nondisabled older adults. This may be especially important during a pandemic.
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Djenaihi, Walid-Mahfoud, Noureddine Zemmouri, Moussadek Djenane, and Akkelies van Nes. "Noise and Spatial Configuration in Biskra, Algeria—A Space Syntax Approach to Understand the Built Environment for Visually Impaired People." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (October 4, 2021): 11009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131911009.
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This contribution investigates the correlation between street noise levels and the spatial configuration of the street network in four different types of neighbourhoods in the Algerian city of Biskra. Space syntax methods are used to analyse spatial relationships, where accessibility, intelligibility, and legibility of urban spaces can be evaluated. The degree of spatial integration is used as an accessibility indicator and is correlated with recorded noise level data at 154 points from the selected neighbourhoods. As the results show, there are strong correlations between spatial integration and recorded sound pressures on streets and roads in colonial and unplanned neighbourhoods. The reason is that these types of neighbourhoods have a street network with high correlations between street connectivity and global spatial integration. There are weak correlations between connectivity and global spatial integration throughout the modern planned neighbourhood, which again affects the correlation between noise and space. The experiment shows that space syntax methods have the potential to predict degrees of accessibility and orientability for people with visual impairments in urban planning.
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Liu, Suxia, and Xuan Zhu. "Accessibility Analyst: An Integrated GIS Tool for Accessibility Analysis in Urban Transportation Planning." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 31, no. 1 (February 2004): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b305.
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The authors present an integrated GIS tool, Accessibility Analyst, for accessibility analysis in urban transportation planning, built as an extension to the desktop GIS software package, ArcView. Accessibility Analyst incorporates a number of accessibility measures, ranging from catchment profile analysis to cumulative-opportunity measures, gravity-type measures, and utility-based measures, contains several travel-impedance measurement tools for estimating the travel distance, time, or cost by multiple travel modes along actual travel routes, and interoperates with GIS data-management and data-integration, spatial-analysis, network-analysis, surface-modelling, and spatial-visualisation functions. Undertaking accessibility analysis with use of Accessibility Analyst allows the user to take full advantage of a GIS to produce spatial distributions of accessibility over a region. It can be applied to a wide range of issues in urban transportation planning, such as for studies on the relationship between transportation and land use, evaluation of transportation network efficiency, transportation infrastructure planning, and for impact assessments relating to transportation policies.
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Xu, Yifan, Yunyan Huang, and Jing Xie. "Traffic accessibility analysis of major cities in the Yangtze River Delta under the integration of regional development." BCP Business & Management 24 (August 10, 2022): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v24i.1542.
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The Yangtze River Delta region is one of the regions with the highest economic development dynamics in China, and the importance of its transportation hub status is self-evident. This paper selects the indicator of traffic accessibility and adopts the weighted time cost method to analyze the traffic accessibility and equilibrium of major cities in the Yangtze River Delta region, and draws the following conclusions: (1) the improvement of traffic accessibility can drive the economic development of the city (2) the highway accessibility of cities in the Yangtze River Delta is high, which proves that the city roads in the region are well paved and the road travel is convenient; (3) the railroad accessibility of the Yangtze River Delta city cluster is low, so the railway paving needs to be accelerated in the regional city development planning, and thus the shortage of road travel needs to be completed. accessibility is low, so in the regional urban development planning, railroad paving needs to accelerate the pace, and then make up for the shortcomings.
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Zaorska, Marzenna. "Views on the subject of social integration and integration education of various participants of school life." Men Disability Society 48, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1668.
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The idea of social integration and integration education is a great challenge not only for the Polish education system, but also for theoretical analyzes and systemic practical solutions aimed at building an integrated society. In relation to people with disabilities is not only an exemplification of the provisions contained in the “Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” (UN, 2006). It also concerns the change in the social vision of the accessibility of these people to structures existing in contemporary, disability-opening civilized society. However, as demonstrated by the results of research reported in the article, there is still a lot to be done by implementing the postulates created by the ideas of integrating people regardless of their diversity, otherness, physical, mental, and social difference.
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Zhang, Xiaorui, Andong Ren, Lihua Chen, and Xianyou Zheng. "Measurement and Spatial Difference Analysis on the Accessibility of Road Networks in Major Cities of China." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (August 4, 2019): 4209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154209.
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Given the current lack of accessibility research on road networks in 36 major cities in China, the accessibility and its spatial difference were measured by using space syntax and Moran index. The purpose is to provide an important decision-making basis for the Chinese government to grasp the accessibility level of China’s urban roads in general and formulate urban traffic development policies. The results show that the mean value of the global integration average is only 1.0009, indicating that the accessibility level is not optimistic in general. The accessibility of 36 major cities was divided into four levels: very low, low, high, and very high. Only four cities, namely Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Xi’an, and Zhengzhou, were at a very high level. The spatial differences of accessibility presented a spatial pattern of "middle-high, east-middle, and west-low". The global integration average, intelligibility, and synergy had significant global spatial autocorrelation, while the local spatial agglomeration distributions of these three indexes were dominated by high-high types. The five cities of Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Hohhot, Taiyuan, and Zhengzhou constituted the core area of high-value clustering of local spatial autocorrelation and presented a spatial form of inverted "T" shape. The research still has some limitations. The reasons for the low accessibility of developed cities, such as Guangzhou and Nanjing, are worth further analysis. Besides, the main possible influencing factors affecting accessibility, such as urban road density and spatial form, are also worthy of further analysis.
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Popovic, Zdenka, Ksenija Stevanovic, and Leposava Puzavac. "Railway terminals: Accessibility for persons with reduced mobility." Spatium, no. 20 (2009): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat0920060p.
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In the era of integration of all means of transport, there is revived interest in railway transport, which cannot any long exist as a transport system on its own or as an independent part within the growing cities. This renaissance of railway transport, and its integration with other means of transportation, led to a great production of exclusive terminals in recent days. High demands and investments related to these objects gathered together the most prominent architects and constructors, and as result offered a diversity of modern terminals, which integrate the static and dynamic character of the building into a unified whole, and celebrate new technologies and speed. Removal of barriers for customers, abundance of daylight, space filled with views, easy orientation and safe passage through space are some of the most important imperatives for modern railway terminals. Among other things this includes accessibility of railway infrastructure for persons with reduced mobility. The paper explores conditions for implementation of ?Technical Specification for Interoperability - People with Reduced Mobility? on Serbian Railways.
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Youngblood, Norman E., Lakshmi N. Tirumala, and Robert Anthony Galvez. "Accessible Media: The Need to Prepare Students for Creating Accessible Content." Journalism & Mass Communication Educator 73, no. 3 (June 27, 2017): 334–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077695817714379.
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Electronic media accessibility has come a long way since the Telecommunications Act of 1996. In 2010, the Communication and Video Accessibility Act (CVAA) mandated closed captioning many online videos and called for making video blind accessible through audio descriptions. The Department of Justice (DOJ) ruled Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) applied to the virtual world. Since January 2015, there have been over 240 online-accessibility lawsuits. As educators, we need to prepare students to understand what accessibility is and how to make electronic media accessible. This article outlines accessibility issues across the curriculum, including closed captioning, audio descriptions, and online documents, and calls for better integration of accessibility into the electronic media curriculum.
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Clott, Christopher, and Bruce C. Hartman. "Supply chain integration, landside operations and port accessibility in metropolitan Chicago." Journal of Transport Geography 51 (February 2016): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2015.12.005.
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Summaniti, Luxsana. "Efficiency Accessibility of Eco-Friendly Circulation Network by Bicycle Way and Pedestrian Way Approach to Green University Maejo University, Chiang Mai Province." Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 12, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v12i2.53107.
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Research is a morphological spatial study. Purpose was to find an accessibility efficiency of circulation network based on green university concept, Space Syntax theory and Geo-Informatics System (GIS) to analyze eco-friendly circulation networks of pedestrian way and bicycle way. It found that circulation networks are linear and curve linear patterns. An Intanin road is the main road that has the highest accessibility efficiency of global integration value ([HH]), local integration value ([HH] R3) and connectivity integration value measured 2.8330, 4.0373 and 28, respectively. The correlation of connectivity and [HH], connectivity and [HH] R3 are quite low. These values show that people have difficulty in understanding and remembering the route of circulation networks. However, the circulation network has the advantage of having very high correlation of [HH] R3 and [HH] measured 0.8716 which mean that people have great alternatives of route choice in circulation network. Otherwise, it found that an accessibility efficiency of circulation network and existing pedestrian routes of user have not related with an existing university pedestrian network. Results from, characteristic of university pedestrian network are fragment and cannot linkage.
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Davidovitch, Nitza, Alona Ponomaryova, Hana Gendel Guterman, and Yair Shapira. "The Test of Accessibility of Higher Education in Israel: Instructors’ Attitudes toward High-Functioning Autistic Spectrum Students." International Journal of Higher Education 8, no. 2 (April 17, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n2p49.
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This study deals with a case study of a program that integrates high-functioning autistic spectrum students in Israeli academia. The case study focuses on the attitudes of students and faculty towards high-functioning autistic spectrum (HFA) students, aiming to examine their contribution to the integration of HFA students in academia, with regard to the academic-social climate and their perceived self-efficacy. The case study may serve academic institutions as a model for the adjustment and integration of autistic spectrum students, with the inclusion of academic and administrative elements. The study is based on mixed methods methodology, utilizing both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Five hundred twenty six students, 103 faculty, as well as 30 students with ASD (autism spectrum disorder) and 27 mentoring students participating in the program, were asked to complete a quantitative research questionnaire. The research findings show that the integration of HFA students in academic studies is potentially possible, predicated on awareness among faculty and students as to the nature of the disability. Variables with high significance for the program's success were detected, involving teaching tools, institutional support, and a tolerant academic-social climate. The research findings indicate that with regard to nearly all the variables the faculty have the highest awareness of and sensitivity to integrating HFA students in academic studies. The literature review, as well as the findings of the current study, support the integration of people with HFA in various institutions and confirm the conditions for this success: institutional and social motivation together with a tolerant atmosphere.
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Phillips, John C. "The Integration of Central Positions in Baseball: The Black Shortstop." Sociology of Sport Journal 8, no. 2 (June 1991): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.8.2.161.
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Earlier work (Phillips, 1983) showed limited or no progress in the accessibility of central positions (catcher, shortstop, second base) to black professional baseball aspirants. A closer examination of the data reveals an interesting change during the past two decades. Blacks came to appear in numbers at second base in the mid-1970s and at shortstop during the 1976-1986 decade, but this progress was obscured when the three central positions were combined. Separation of the three positions reveals a clear pattern of progress in accessibility, first at second base, the least central of the central positions, then at shortstop, but not yet at catcher, the most central position. Another pattern of discrimination, exclusion of weak-hitting black players in favor of weak-hitting white players, seems to have disappeared. Some theoretical and practical implications of this apparent decline in discrimination are discussed.
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Pramuka, Michael, and Linda Van Roosmalen. "Telerehabilitation Technologies: Accessibility and Usability." International Journal of Telerehabilitation 1, no. 1 (September 4, 2009): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ijt.2009.6016.
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In the fields of telehealth and telemedicine, phone and/or video technologies are key to the successful provision of services such as remote monitoring and visits. How do these technologies affect service accessibility, effectiveness, quality, and usefulness when applied to rehabilitation services in the field of telerehabilitation? To answer this question, we provide a overview of the complex network of available technologies and discuss how they link to rehabilitation applications, services, and practices as well as to the telerehabilitation end-user. This white paper will first present the numerous professional considerations that shape the use of technology in telerehabilitation service and set it somewhat apart from telemedicine. It will then provide an overview of concepts essential to usability analysis; present a summary of various telerehabilitation technologies and their strengths and limitations, and consider how the technologies interface with end users’ clinical needs for service accessibility, effectiveness, quality, and usefulness. The paper will highlight a conceptual framework (including task analyses and usability issues) that underlies a functional match between telerehabilitation technologies, clinical applications, and end-user capabilities for telerehabilitation purposes. Finally, we will discuss pragmatic issues related to user integration of telerehabilitation technology versus traditional face-to-face approaches.
Key Words: Remote, Technology, Usability, Accessibility, Decision Factors, Decision Support
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Zhang, Zhilong, Yongfeng Zhang, Qi Bao, Yarong Gu, Chunnian Liang, Min Chu, Xian Guo, Pengjia Bao, and Ping Yan. "The Landscape of Accessible Chromatin during Yak Adipocyte Differentiation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 17 (September 1, 2022): 9960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179960.
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Although significant advancement has been made in the study of adipogenesis, knowledge about how chromatin accessibility regulates yak adipogenesis is lacking. We here described genome-wide dynamic chromatin accessibility in preadipocytes and adipocytes by using the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq), and thus revealed the unique characteristics of open chromatin during yak adipocyte differentiation. The chromatin accessibility of preadipocytes and adipocytes exhibited a similar genomic distribution, displaying a preferential location within the intergenic region, intron, and promoter. The pathway enrichment analysis identified that genes with differential chromatin accessibility were involved in adipogenic metabolism regulation pathways, such as the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR) signaling pathway, wingless-type MMTV integration site (Wnt) signaling pathway, and extracellular matrix-receptor (ECM–receptor) interaction. Integration of ATAC-seq and mRNA-seq revealed that genes with a high expression were associated with high levels of chromatin accessibility, especially within 1 kb upstream and downstream of the transcription start site. In addition, we identified a series of transcription factors (TFs) related to adipogenesis and created the TF regulatory network, providing the possible interactions between TFs during yak adipogenesis. This study is crucial for advancing the understanding of transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of adipogenesis and provides valuable information for understanding the adaptation of plateau species to high-altitude environments by maintaining whole body homeostasis through fat metabolism.
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Martínez Sánchez-Mateos, H. S., and A. R. Ruiz Pulpón. "Closeness is Not Accessibility: Isolation and Depopulated Rural Areas in the Proximity of Metropolitan Urban Areas, A Case-Study in Inland Spain." European Countryside 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 410–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/euco-2021-0025.
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Abstract The increase of accessibility is one of the most important strategies to achieve territorial cohesion and slow down depopulation processes in rural areas. Accessibility is a wide concept with a range of interpretations. When it comes to rural areas, usual accessibility measures introducing proximity and ease of physical connection could lead to misinterpretations and a lack of knowledge for rural areas. This study proposes an accessibility analysis based on connection and function of one of the most depopulated territories in inland Spain: the province of Guadalajara (NUTS-3) which constitutes an interesting case-study because its proximity to the Spanish capital city (Madrid) and the integration of part of the province on its dynamics and economic processes. Results show different rural accessibility levels useful for public policies and decision making on infrastructures. In addition, the accessibility model suggested can be applied in other depopulated rural areas of Europe.
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Gou, Yichao, Chengjin Wang, and Yi Dang. "Identifying the Development Potential for Urban Integration Based on Transport Accessibility—The Case for Northeast China." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2021): 11882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111882.
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Urban integration, a new concept in urban and regional research, is an inevitable outcome of urban development. Based on accessibility analysis, this study uses urban and road network data to identify urban pairs in Northeast China which meet the distance threshold for urban integration and establishes an index system to evaluate the development potential. The research shows that in Northeast China, the results for urban integration are similar to those for the present urban structure in China, that is, a spatial pattern with provincial capital cities at the core and an urban belt as the axis. According to the evaluation, areas with potential for urban integration may be classified into four categories, namely, dominant areas, key areas, ordinary areas, and alternative areas. The candidate and potential areas for urban integration tend to be concentrated near a provincial capital city or a regional development zone. The results show that the development potential for urban integration varies greatly among the different urban pairs and the main constraining factors are different for each location. Among the constraining factors, the commuting time, costs, and economic conditions for the citizens are the most important.
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Aragno, Anna, and Peter J. Schlachet. "Accessibility of early experience through the language of origin: A theoretical integration." Psychoanalytic Psychology 13, no. 1 (1996): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0079636.
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Miladi, Milad, Soheila Montaseri, Rolf Backofen, and Martin Raden. "Integration of accessibility data from structure probing into RNA–RNA interaction prediction." Bioinformatics 35, no. 16 (December 27, 2018): 2862–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty1029.
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Abstract Summary Experimental structure probing data has been shown to improve thermodynamics-based RNA secondary structure prediction. To this end, chemical reactivity information (as provided e.g. by SHAPE) is incorporated, which encodes whether or not individual nucleotides are involved in intra-molecular structure. Since inter-molecular RNA–RNA interactions are often confined to unpaired RNA regions, SHAPE data is even more promising to improve interaction prediction. Here, we show how such experimental data can be incorporated seamlessly into accessibility-based RNA–RNA interaction prediction approaches, as implemented in IntaRNA. This is possible via the computation and use of unpaired probabilities that incorporate the structure probing information. We show that experimental SHAPE data can significantly improve RNA–RNA interaction prediction. We evaluate our approach by investigating interactions of a spliceosomal U1 snRNA transcript with its target splice sites. When SHAPE data is incorporated, known target sites are predicted with increased precision and specificity. Availability and implementation https://github.com/BackofenLab/IntaRNA Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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D'Amour, Danielle, Lise Goulet, Jean-Francois Labadie, Liette Bernier, and Raynald Pineault. "Accessibility, continuity and appropriateness: key elements in assessing integration of perinatal services." Health and Social Care in the Community 11, no. 5 (September 2003): 397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2524.2003.00442.x.
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Rosyidah, A., L. Tambunan, and A. Nurdini. "Vulnerability Analysis of Fire Evacuation at Urban Kampong Using Space Syntax Method, Penggilingan Jakarta as a Case Study." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1058, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1058/1/012008.
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Abstract Urban settlements including kampong at DKI Jakarta Province are vulnerable to fire hazards. The fire risk will increase along with the increase of kampong’s population, the density of housing units in the area, and spatial accessibility quality. However, the understanding of urban kampong’s spatial configuration related to the vulnerability degree of fire hazards is limited. The purpose of this study is to identify the vulnerability of urban kampong structures related to fire evacuation. Penggilingan Sub-district of East Jakarta City, DKI Jakarta, and its surrounding area were selected as a case study to represent high-density urban kampong with high fire hazards events. The space syntax analysis is utilized as a tool to analyse the main indicators of spatial vulnerability: connectivity, mean depth, and integration of the area. Connectivity affects the easiness of evacuation during a fire disaster. Meanwhile, integration and mean depth affect the level of accessibility. The correlation of connectivity and integration implies an intelligibility degree that is a supporting parameter of wayfinding. It is identified that several areas in Penggilingan Sub-district are vulnerable to fire in the aspect of evacuation because of their low connectivity and accessibility. The result of this study can be developed as a basis for evacuation planning and fire safety management in the urban dense kampong.
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Larsson, Anders, and Jerry Olsson. "Potentials and limitations for the use of accessibility measures for national transport policy goals in freight transport and logistics: evidence from Västra Götaland County, Sweden." REGION 4, no. 1 (May 15, 2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18335/region.v4i1.172.
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In Swedish national transport policy is freight transport regarded as a major facilitator for economic development on all geographical levels. At the same time it is noted that methods and data on business location and transportation is not adequate in order to follow-up transport policy objectives. This paper reports on a pilot study on the potential to develop accessibility measures to support and follow up policy objectives in Swedish context. The concept of accessibility and its practical use in concrete measures is discussed and problematized. A number of practical examples from Region Västra Götaland are used as illustrations. In terms of results the study identifies a number of potentials and limitations of using accessibility measures for freight transport issues. The usefulness is mainly driven by the integration capability of transport and land-use. This opens up for more complex questions and measures and thus supports the integration between planning specialisations. Limitations are to a large extent related to data availability and quality and to the degree of which models are possible to communicate to non-experts. The concluding discussion highlights how the policy and governance context is key in understanding how to best utilise the potential strengths of the accessibility concept and measures.
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Das, Akash Chandra, Aidin Foroutan, Brian Qian, Nader Hosseini Naghavi, Kayvan Shabani, and Parisa Shooshtari. "Single-Cell Chromatin Accessibility Data Combined with GWAS Improves Detection of Relevant Cell Types in 59 Complex Phenotypes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (September 28, 2022): 11456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911456.
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Several disease risk variants reside on non-coding regions of DNA, particularly in open chromatin regions of specific cell types. Identifying the cell types relevant to complex traits through the integration of chromatin accessibility data and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data can help to elucidate the mechanisms of these traits. In this study, we created a collection of associations between the combinations of chromatin accessibility data (bulk and single-cell) with an array of 201 complex phenotypes. We integrated the GWAS data of these 201 phenotypes with bulk chromatin accessibility data from 137 cell types measured by DNase-I hypersensitive sequencing and found significant results (FDR adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05) for at least one cell type in 21 complex phenotypes, such as atopic dermatitis, Graves’ disease, and body mass index. With the integration of single-cell chromatin accessibility data measured by an assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (scATAC-seq), taken from 111 adult and 111 fetal cell types, the resolution of association was magnified, enabling the identification of further cell types. This resulted in the identification of significant correlations (FDR adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05) between 15 categories of single-cell subtypes and 59 phenotypes ranging from autoimmune diseases like Graves’ disease to cardiovascular traits like diastolic/systolic blood pressure.
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Saaidi, Afaf, Delphine Allouche, Mireille Regnier, Bruno Sargueil, and Yann Ponty. "IPANEMAP: integrative probing analysis of nucleic acids empowered by multiple accessibility profiles." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 15 (July 31, 2020): 8276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa607.
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Abstract The manual production of reliable RNA structure models from chemical probing experiments benefits from the integration of information derived from multiple protocols and reagents. However, the interpretation of multiple probing profiles remains a complex task, hindering the quality and reproducibility of modeling efforts. We introduce IPANEMAP, the first automated method for the modeling of RNA structure from multiple probing reactivity profiles. Input profiles can result from experiments based on diverse protocols, reagents, or collection of variants, and are jointly analyzed to predict the dominant conformations of an RNA. IPANEMAP combines sampling, clustering and multi-optimization, to produce secondary structure models that are both stable and well-supported by experimental evidences. The analysis of multiple reactivity profiles, both publicly available and produced in our study, demonstrates the good performances of IPANEMAP, even in a mono probing setting. It confirms the potential of integrating multiple sources of probing data, informing the design of informative probing assays.
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Yilmaz, Gülsen, and Monika S. Schmid. "L1 accessibility among Turkish-Dutch bilinguals." Mental Lexicon 7, no. 3 (December 31, 2012): 249–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.7.3.01yil.
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This study investigates whether lexical knowledge in the first language (L1) of late Turkish-Dutch bilinguals becomes less accessible for the production of fluent speech and in controlled experimental tasks as a result of extended stay in the Netherlands. It is also considered to what degree extra-linguistic factors can account for this phenomenon. Data are collected from the first generation Turkish migrants (n = 52) and from a monolingual reference group in Turkey (n = 52) via a lexical naming task, a free speech task and a sociolinguistic background questionnaire. The results show that the bilingual group is indistinguishable from the monolinguals on the experimental task. However, in the free speech task, they not only are significantly more disfluent than the monolinguals but also make significantly less use of diverse, in particular low-frequency, vocabulary. Overall, the results signal that bilinguals were outperformed by the monolinguals in spontaneous language production but not on a controlled task. We interpret this finding to indicate a decrease of automaticity in the access to linguistic knowledge which impedes the rapid integration of information from all linguistic levels. Further analyses with respect to the relations between the L1 change and nonlinguistic factors are discussed within the Activation Threshold Hypothesis (ATH).
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Furini, Marco, Ombretta Gaggi, Silvia Mirri, Manuela Montangero, Elvira Pelle, Francesco Poggi, and Catia Prandi. "Digital twins and artificial intelligence." Communications of the ACM 65, no. 4 (April 2022): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3478281.
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Personalized learning models can cut student dropout rates, boost student success, improve the integration of online and on-site students, better support teachers in mixed-teaching modalities, enhance accessibility, and more.
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Adebayo, Adejimi Alli, Paul Greenhalgh, and Kevin Muldoon-Smith. "Investigating retail property market dynamics through spatial accessibility measures." Journal of European Real Estate Research 12, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-01-2018-0009.
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Purpose The retail property market is constantly adopting to the continuous demand of retailers and their consumers. This paper aims to investigate retail property market dynamics through spatial accessibility measures of the City of York street network. It explores how spatial accessibility metrics (SAM) explain retail market dynamics (RMD) through changes in the city’s retail rental values and stock. Design/methodology/approach Valuation office agency (VOA) data sets (aspatial) and ordnance survey map (spatial) data form the empirical foundation for this investigation. Changes in rental value and retail stock between 2010 and 2017 VOA data sets represent the RMD variables. While, the configured street network measures of Space Syntax, namely, global integration, local integration, global choice and normalised angular choice form the SAM variables. The relationship between these variables is analysed through geo-visualisation and statistical testing using GIS and SPSS tools. Findings The study reveals that there has been an overall negative changes of 15 and 22% in rental value and retail stock, respectively, even though some locations within the sampled city (York, North Yorkshire, England) indicated positive changes. The study further indicated that changes in retail rental value and stock have occurred within locations with good accessibility index. It also verifies that there are spatial and statistical relationship between variables and 22% of RMD variability was jointly accounted for by SAM. Originality/value This research is first to investigates changes in retail property market variables through spatial accessibility measures of space syntax. It contributes to the burgeoning research field of real estate and Space Syntax.
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Torres del Rey, Jesús, and Lucía Morado Vázquez. "Transferring web accessibility through localization and internationalization standards." Journal of Internationalization and Localization 6, no. 1 (May 16, 2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jial.19002.tor.
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Abstract In recent years, translation and localization studies have started to include accessibility, and web accessibility in particular, as one of the key aspects to take into consideration when adapting a web product to another language and culture (web localization). This paper provides a comprehensive insight of the connections between these two fields and concepts and, above all, it discusses the possibility of transferring accessibility throughout the localization process. In particular, we analyze how the use of current localization and internationalization data exchange standards is connected to this notion of transfer, and how those standards may be capable of transferring accessibility qualities or information, or supporting localizers in their task. Finally, we present an analytical and pragmatic approach to explore this transferability challenge, which includes the study of the techniques proposed by the W3C to help web developers fulfil a set of success criteria that are included in the latest Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1, in relation to their possible integration in localization and internationalization standards.
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Oviedo, Daniel, Lynn Scholl, Marco Innao, and Lauramaria Pedraza. "Do Bus Rapid Transit Systems Improve Accessibility to Job Opportunities for the Poor? The Case of Lima, Peru." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 16, 2019): 2795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102795.
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Investments in public transit infrastructure in Latin America and the Caribbean often aim to reduce spatial and social inequalities by improving accessibility to jobs and other opportunities for vulnerable populations. One of the central goals of Lima’s Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) project was to connect low-income populations living in the peripheries to jobs in the city center, a policy objective that has not yet been evaluated. Building on secondary datasets of employment, household socio-demographics and origin–destination surveys before and after the BRT began operations, this paper examines the contribution of Lima’s BRT system to accessibility to employment in the city, particularly for low-income public transit users. We estimated the effects on potential accessibility to employment, comparing impacts on lower versus higher income populations, and assessed the changes in location-based accessibility to employment before (2004) and after implementation (2012) for treatment and comparison groups. We found that the BRT line reduced travel times for commuters to reach jobs, in comparison with traditional public transport in the city. However, the coverage of the BRT declines in areas with high concentrations of poor populations, limiting the equitability of accessibility improvements. The analysis by socioeconomic sub-groups found positive effects of the BRT system on accessibility for the higher income areas. Relative to the control group, accessibility increased in the 10-km boundary area of the BRT by 0.01, a seven percent increase relative to the treatment baseline accessibility index in the higher socioeconomic (SES) areas of the city. In contrast, in the areas with high concentrations of lower SES populations, the double difference estimate indicated an 11 percent decrease relative to the baseline accessibility index (0.09). We build on case-specific findings and international literature to reflect on policy avenues to include the poor in the mobility benefits of BRT systems. These measures include targeted fare subsidies for low-income groups, fare integration with other forms of public transport that reduce the cost of transfers, and the increase of coverage of the BRT through the integration of stations with non-motorized infrastructure.
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Wang, Peng, Kun Liu, and Min Quan Li. "Design and Simulation of New Zero-IF Receiving Circuit." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 3123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.3123.
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Compared to superheterodyne receiving circuits, the Zero-IF receiving circuits is featured by simple structure, integration accessibility to miniaturization and No image frequency interference, which saves the image frequency suppression filter with both high cost and low integration accessibility. The signal channel in Zero-IF receiving circuit can be set in low frequency and only a low-pass filter is thus needed. However, the native defects in Zero-IF receiving circuits, such as DC drift, LO leakage and LF Noise, lead to constant failures in achieving the Zero-IF. Therefore, by analysing these defects, two principal improvements are made in the design of a certain 915MHz mobile communication terminal receiving circuits, based on which the simulation design is completed and its feasibility and rationality have been theoretically verified through simulation softwares ADIsimRF and ADS.
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Dillmon, Melissa, John M. Goldberg, Suresh S. Ramalingam, Robert J. Mayer, Patrick Loehrer, and Catherine Van Poznak. "Clinical Practice Guidelines for Cancer Care: Utilization and Expectations of the Practicing Oncologist." Journal of Oncology Practice 8, no. 6 (November 2012): 350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.2012.000599.
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In a time of rapid change in practice and research in cancer, ASCO can play a pivotal role in patient care through major revisions to guideline development, accessibility, and integration with quality metrics.
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Wang, Wenliang, Maria Fasolino, Benjamin Cattau, Naomi Goldman, Weimin Kong, Megan A. Frederick, Sam J. McCright, Karun Kiani, Joseph A. Fraietta, and Golnaz Vahedi. "Joint profiling of chromatin accessibility and CAR-T integration site analysis at population and single-cell levels." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 10 (February 24, 2020): 5442–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919259117.
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Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T immunotherapy has yielded impressive results in several B cell malignancies, establishing itself as a powerful means to redirect the natural properties of T lymphocytes. In this strategy, the T cell genome is modified by the integration of lentiviral vectors encoding CAR that direct tumor cell killing. However, this therapeutic approach is often limited by the extent of CAR-T cell expansion in vivo. A major outstanding question is whether or not CAR-T integration itself enhances the proliferative competence of individual T cells by rewiring their regulatory landscape. To address this question, it is critical to define the identity of an individual CAR-T cell and simultaneously chart where the CAR-T vector integrates into the genome. Here, we report the development of a method called EpiVIA (https://github.com/VahediLab/epiVIA) for the joint profiling of the chromatin accessibility and lentiviral integration site analysis at the population and single-cell levels. We validate our technique in clonal cells with previously defined integration sites and further demonstrate the ability to measure lentiviral integration sites and chromatin accessibility of host and viral genomes at the single-cell resolution in CAR-T cells. We anticipate that EpiVIA will enable the single-cell deconstruction of gene regulation during CAR-T therapy, leading to the discovery of cellular factors associated with durable treatment.
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Granja, Jeffrey M., M. Ryan Corces, Sarah E. Pierce, S. Tansu Bagdatli, Hani Choudhry, Howard Y. Chang, and William J. Greenleaf. "ArchR is a scalable software package for integrative single-cell chromatin accessibility analysis." Nature Genetics 53, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41588-021-00790-6.
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AbstractThe advent of single-cell chromatin accessibility profiling has accelerated the ability to map gene regulatory landscapes but has outpaced the development of scalable software to rapidly extract biological meaning from these data. Here we present a software suite for single-cell analysis of regulatory chromatin in R (ArchR; https://www.archrproject.com/) that enables fast and comprehensive analysis of single-cell chromatin accessibility data. ArchR provides an intuitive, user-focused interface for complex single-cell analyses, including doublet removal, single-cell clustering and cell type identification, unified peak set generation, cellular trajectory identification, DNA element-to-gene linkage, transcription factor footprinting, mRNA expression level prediction from chromatin accessibility and multi-omic integration with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Enabling the analysis of over 1.2 million single cells within 8 h on a standard Unix laptop, ArchR is a comprehensive software suite for end-to-end analysis of single-cell chromatin accessibility that will accelerate the understanding of gene regulation at the resolution of individual cells.
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Belard, Arnaud, Derek Dolney, Tochner Zelig, James McDonough, and John O'Connell. "Improving Proton Therapy Accessibility Through Seamless Electronic Integration of Remote Treatment Planning Sites." Telemedicine and e-Health 17, no. 5 (June 2011): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2010.0199.
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Corces, M. Ryan, Jeffrey M. Granja, Shadi Shams, Bryan H. Louie, Jose A. Seoane, Wanding Zhou, Tiago C. Silva, et al. "The chromatin accessibility landscape of primary human cancers." Science 362, no. 6413 (October 25, 2018): eaav1898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aav1898.
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We present the genome-wide chromatin accessibility profiles of 410 tumor samples spanning 23 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We identify 562,709 transposase-accessible DNA elements that substantially extend the compendium of known cis-regulatory elements. Integration of ATAC-seq (the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing) with TCGA multi-omic data identifies a large number of putative distal enhancers that distinguish molecular subtypes of cancers, uncovers specific driving transcription factors via protein-DNA footprints, and nominates long-range gene-regulatory interactions in cancer. These data reveal genetic risk loci of cancer predisposition as active DNA regulatory elements in cancer, identify gene-regulatory interactions underlying cancer immune evasion, and pinpoint noncoding mutations that drive enhancer activation and may affect patient survival. These results suggest a systematic approach to understanding the noncoding genome in cancer to advance diagnosis and therapy.
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Shields, Aidan, Marivic Mirhan, and Emma Stratford. "Maximising value by using good data to drive good decisions." APPEA Journal 56, no. 1 (2016): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15021.
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The industry-wide move towards big data and the digital oilfield is underpinned by good data. This paper outlines a suite of data management standards, systems and processes, and provides examples of how these have led to improved decision making. The approach involved the development of standards and streamlined business processes followed by the implementation of systems focusing on production data accessibility, quality and integration. Accessibility was addressed by making real-time data readily available from multiple devices so users spend more time using data instead of locating it. Quality was improved through the implementation of processes such as operational data validation (ODV) and production allocation (PA). Integration was facilitated so that users could view data from various systems in a single location. The implementation of data management standards, systems and processes led to improved decision making in the areas of external reporting, operating cost, safety, environment, commercial, reservoir management, well surveillance, and situational awareness. In particular, implementation of the ODV process ensured the completeness, accuracy and timeliness of data from reservoir to sales. Furthermore, improved accessibility and integration increased situational awareness, reduced troubleshooting time, and improved problem analysis. While the concept of data management and quality control is not new, the novelty is in the approach of developing robust standards, implementation of systems based on these standards, and creating the supporting business process and culture aligned to what drives value in the organisation. This is easily transferable and adaptable across all facets of the petroleum industry.
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Jang, Kee Moon, Jaeman Kim, Hye-Yeong Lee, Hyemin Cho, and Youngchul Kim. "Urban Green Accessibility Index: A Measure of Pedestrian-Centered Accessibility to Every Green Point in an Urban Area." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 10 (October 6, 2020): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9100586.
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Advancements in remote sensing techniques and urban data analysis tools have enabled the successful monitoring and detection of green spaces in a city. This study aims to develop an index called the urban green accessibility (UGA) index, which measures people’s accessibility to green space and represents the citywide or local characteristics of the distribution pattern of green space. The index is defined as the sum of pedestrians’ accessibility to all vegetation points, which consists of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) with integration and choice values from angular segment analysis. In this study, the proposed index is tested with cases of New York, NY, and San Francisco, CA, in the US. The results reveal differences based on the significance of streets. When analysis ranges are on a neighborhood scale, a few hotspots appear in well-known green areas on commonly accessible streets and in local neighborhood parks on residential blocks. The appearance of high-accessibility points in low-NDVI areas implies the potential of the efficient and proper distribution of green spaces for pedestrians. The proposed measure is expected to help in planning and managing green areas in cities, taking people’s accessibility and spatial relationships into consideration.