Relevant bibliographies by topics / Accident Causation/ Accident Patterns

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Accident Causation/ Accident Patterns'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Accident Causation/ Accident Patterns"

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Young, Stephen L., and Lobat Hashemi. "Fatigue and Trucking Accidents: Two Modes of Accident Causation." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 18 (1996): 952–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604001819.

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The U.S. National Transportation Safety Board investigated 113 heavy-truck accidents to determine “the role of specific factors, such as drivers' patterns of duty and sleep, in fatigue-related heavy truck accidents” (NTSB, 1995a). For a number of reasons, we believed that a re-analysis of this data, with a different set of variables, might yield a more complete picture regarding the nature of fatigue-related accidents and their causes. Specifically, principal components analysis was employed to determine the underlying factors that contributed to accidents where fatigue was determined to be the primary cause. In this analysis, two principal components were extracted that dealt with (1) the nature of the driver's sleep periods and level of experience, and (2) aspects of the driver's work periods. Subsequent cluster analysis demonstrated that the cases could be divided into two distinct accident modes or types: those with and those without regular sleep/work patterns. Drivers with generally regular sleep/work patterns appeared to develop fatigue while on the job, while those with irregular sleep/work patterns appeared to arrive at the job already fatigued. In conclusion, the variables which contributed to fatigue in the NTSB report were found to contribute to fatigue in the present analysis, but not to the same extent in all cases. Some of the variables that influenced driver fatigue in one of the clusters (or accident modes) had no effect on the other. These different accident modes should be considered when examining the effect of a given variable on fatigue.
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Chira-Chavala, T., B. Coifman, C. Porter, and M. Hansen. "Light Rail Accident Involvement and Severity." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1521, no. 1 (1996): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196152100119.

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Accident causation and accident severity analyses for a light rail transit system are presented, with a view to providing input for the identification and development of accident and severity countermeasures. Accident reports of the Santa Clara County Transit Authority were used in both analyses. In the accident causation analysis, patterns of critical events for various types of light rail accident involvement were determined. The accident severity model is a binary logit model expressing the probability of injury accident as a function of speeds before collision of both the light rail vehicle and the motor vehicle, movement of the motor vehicle before collision, and peak and off-peak period.
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Joe-Asare, T., N. Amegbey, and E. Stemn. "Human Factor Analysis Framework for Ghana’s Mining Industry." Ghana Mining Journal 20, no. 2 (2020): 60–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gm.v20i2.8.

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In an attempt to incorporate human factors into technical failures as accident causal factors, researchers have promoted the concept of human factor analysis. Human factor analysis models seek to identify latent conditions within the system that influence the operator’s action to trigger an accident. For an effective application of human factor analysis models, a domain-specific model is recommended. Most existing models are developed with category/subcategory peculiar to a particular domain. This presents challenges and hinders effective application outside the domain developed for. This paper sought to propose a human factor analysis framework for Ghana’s mining industry. A comparative study was carried out between three dominated accident causation models and investigation methods in literature; AcciMap, HFACS, and STAMP. The comparative assessment showed that HFACS is suitable for incident data analysis based on the following reason; ease of learning and use, suitability for multiple incident analysis and statistical quantification of trends and patterns, and high inter and intra-coder reliability. A thorough study was done on HFACS and its derivative. Based on recommendations and research findings on HFACS from literature, Human Factor Analysis, and Classification System – Ghana Mining Industry (HFACS-GMI) was proposed. The HFACS-GMI has 4 tiers, namely; External influence/factor, Organisational factor, Local Workplace/Individual Condition and, Unsafe Act. A partial list of causal factors under each tier was generated to serve as a guide during incident coding and investigation. The HFACS-GMI consists of 18 subcategories and these have been discussed. The HFACS-GMI is specific to the Ghanaian Mines and could potentially help in identifying causal and contributing factors of an accident during an incident investigation and data analysis. Keywords: Human Factor Analysis, Causal Factor, Causation Model, Mining Industry
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Link, Bruce G. "Epidemiological Sociology and the Social Shaping of Population Health." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 49, no. 4 (2008): 367–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002214650804900401.

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When biomedical knowledge and technology create the capacity for humans to avoid disease and circumvent early death, sociological factors become more, not less important for population health. The transformation of disease causation from cruel fate, accident, and bad luck to circumstances that are under some degree of human control facilitates a powerful social shaping of disease and death. When humans have control, it is their policies, their knowledge, and their behaviors that shape the consequences of biomedical accomplishments, and thereby extant patterns of disease and death. I propose a “social shaping approach” that can frame our understanding of these processes and allow us to take action to optimize population health. Support for this approach is garnered from evidence of dramatic improvements in population health and in the uneven distribution of those improvements across persons, places, and times. Health improvements suggest that humans have gained control of disease whereas the uneven and very slow spread of such improvements underscores the critical importance of social factors. But the evidence presented represents a stick figure at best, one that needs to be filled in by a well-supported “epidemiological sociology” that uses a wide range of sociological concepts and theories to elucidate the social shaping of disease and death. Absent a robust societal investment in epidemiological sociology, population health will reside below its optimal level and the maldistribution of health-enhancing innovations will continue to create health disparities.
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Elvik, Rune. "Laws of accident causation." Accident Analysis & Prevention 38, no. 4 (2006): 742–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2006.01.005.

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Acharya, Sumnima, Awadesh Tiwari, and Raju Prasad Shakya. "Clinico-radiological Profile of Stroke in Western Nepal." Journal of Lumbini Medical College 4, no. 2 (2016): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22502/jlmc.v4i2.91.

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Introduction: Stroke is a major public health burden worldwide and is responsible for a large proportion of disability. It ranks third in the causation of morbidity and mortality. This study was carried out to establish the pattern of various types of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in western Nepal, to correlate the clinical data and radiological findings in cases of stroke, and to identify the common risk factors associated with stroke. Methods: A total of 200 patients presented at the department of Radiodiagnosis from emergency or ward within six months of study period from 18th of September 2015 to 17th of March 2016 with clinical diagnosis of stroke. Brain CT scan was done within 14 days of onset. Results: There were 200 patients with stroke (124 males and 76 females), aged 19 to 92 years in which infarction was more common than hemorrhage (57% Vs 41.5%) clinically. Hypertension was the commonest risk factor noted in 59% cases followed by Diabetes Mellitus in 39%. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory infarction was the most common site of infarction. Clinical and CT localization of hemorrhage and infarct was correct in 153 cases (75%) which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Infarction is more common than hemorrhage as the type of stroke. Hypertension is the commonest risk factor followed by diabetes mellitus.
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Williamson, Ann M., Anne-Marie Feyer, and David R. Cairns. "Industry differences in accident causation." Safety Science 24, no. 1 (1996): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-7535(96)00025-2.

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Luo, Ziyan, Keping Li, Xin Ma, and Jin Zhou. "A New Accident Analysis Method Based on Complex Network and Cascading Failure." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/437428.

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A new accident causation model is proposed for accident analysis based on the complex network theory. By employing the cascading failure scheme, a new accident investigation method is performed on the associated new model, by which we can reveal key causation factors and key causation factor chains that lead to the final accident. The efficiency of a network is introduced for evaluating the severity of the damage of the whole network and hence the severity of the accident if it happens. All these can provide the government or associations with recommendations for accident prediction and prevention.
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Mitropoulos, Panagiotis, Tariq S. Abdelhamid, and Gregory A. Howell. "Systems Model of Construction Accident Causation." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 131, no. 7 (2005): 816–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(2005)131:7(816).

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Li, Qian, Zhe Zhang, and Fei Peng. "Causality-Network-Based Critical Hazard Identification for Railway Accident Prevention: Complex Network-Based Model Development and Comparison." Entropy 23, no. 7 (2021): 864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23070864.

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This study investigates a critical hazard identification method for railway accident prevention. A new accident causation network is proposed to model the interaction between hazards and accidents. To realize consistency between the most likely and shortest causation paths in terms of hazards to accidents, a method for measuring the length between adjacent nodes is proposed, and the most-likely causation path problem is first transformed to the shortest causation path problem. To identify critical hazard factors that should be alleviated for accident prevention, a novel critical hazard identification model is proposed based on a controllability analysis of hazards. Five critical hazard identification methods are proposed to select critical hazard nodes in an accident causality network. A comparison of results shows that the combination of an integer programming-based critical hazard identification method and the proposed weighted direction accident causality network considering length has the best performance in terms of accident prevention.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Accident Causation/ Accident Patterns"

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Hide, Sophie. "Exploring accident causation in the construction industry." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2003. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7590.

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The construction industry has a longstanding reputation for offering dangerous work and has above average rates of occupational injuries and fatalities. Although fatalities have more than halved in the last 20 years, there continues to be more than one construction worker death on average per week. Earlier construction research has generated a wealth of data portraying a clear profile of accident types, but has failed to reveal what happened - the causal factors. In response to this lack of information the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) sponsored this research, the main component of which has been to undertake detailed examination of construction industry accidents. Lacking any precedent of earlier or related work, an important precursor to data collection was a review of the resources that might inform development of the methodology. The path of progress in accident research was explored through evaluation of accident causation models. The need to identify active and latent factors using a systems approach was identified. Desirable features of the systems approach were isolated and, against these criteria, construction accident models were evaluated. Construction accident models were found to be too technically orientated and focused upon human failings to fulfil the criteria for the systems approach. Nevertheless some gave good representation of failure potential through the project lifecycle, and these features were isolated for later inclusion during development of the data collection methods. To complement the theoretical development, perceptions of accident causation were gathered from groups of construction industry practitioners', by the use of focus groups. Appraisal of the accident investigation processes used in industry identified numerous problems with reporting and interpretation, and it was concluded that they are not efficient ways to explore latent conditions. Recommendations for improvements include the development of `performance assessments'; a supplementary system (to synchronise with the risk assessment process) for assessment of factors that affect performance and which are contributory in accident causations, the latent conditions. Benchmarking with industries that have moved away from the traditional organisational and safety management approaches is also advised. It will be an additional challenge to devise changes that are compatible with the unique construction management and contracting methods - any interventions will need careful management, leadership, participatory processes and cross-disciplinary development.
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Griffin, Thomas G. C. "The flight of information : new approaches for investigating aviation accident causation." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5175.

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The investigation and modelling of aviation accident causation is dominated by linear models. Aviation is, however, a complex system and as such suffers from being artificially manipulated into non-complex models and methods. This thesis addresses this issue by developing a new approach to investigating aviation accident causation through information networks. These networks centralise communication and the flow of information as key indicators of a system‟s health and risk. The holistic approach focuses on the system itself rather than any individual event. The activity and communication of constituent elements, both human and non-human agents, within that system is identified and highlights areas of system failure. The model offers many potential developments and some key areas are studied in this research. Through the centralisation of barriers and information nodes the method can be applied to almost any situation. The application of Bayesian mathematics to historical data populations provides scope for studying error migration and barrier manipulation. The thesis also provides application of these predictions to a flight simulator study in an attempt of validation. Beyond this the thesis also discusses the applicability of the approach to industry. Through working with a legacy airline the methods discussed are used as the basis for a new and forward-thinking safety management system. This holistic approach focuses on the system environment, the activity that takes place within it, the strategies used to conduct this activity, the way in which the constituent parts of the system (both human and non-human) interact and the behaviour required. Each stage of this thesis identifies and expands upon the potential of the information network approach maintaining firm focus on the overall health of a system. It is contended that through the further development and application of this approach, understanding of aviation risk can be improved.
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Manu, Patrick Ackom. "An investigation into the accident causal influence of construction project features." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/265178.

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The United Kingdom (UK) construction industry is one of the worst industries in the UK in terms of health and safety (H&S) performance. Numerous injuries, deaths, dangerous occurrences and work related illnesses are reported annually in the industry, and these are associated with huge economic and social costs which make the need for H&S improvement inevitable. The pursuit of improvement has triggered studies into construction accident causation which have emphasised the need to pay attention to underlying accident causal factors which emanate from the pre-construction stage in order to have sustained improvement in H&S. Construction project features (CPFs), such as nature of project, method of construction, site restriction, procurement method, project duration, level of construction, design complexity, and subcontracting, which are organisational, physical, and operational characteristics of projects emanating from pre-construction decisions fall in this category of underlying causal factors. However, despite the significance of underlying causal factors to H&S, not much attention by way of research has been given to CPFs. As a result, insight into how CPFs influence accident occurrence, the degree of their inherent potential to influence accident occurrence (i.e. their potential to cause accident) and their associated degree of H&S risk (i.e. the likelihood of accident occurrence due to CPFs) remain elusive in the extant construction H&S literature. This research was thus undertaken to empirically investigate the mechanism by which CPFs influence accident occurrence and assess their degree of potential to influence accident occurrence and their associated H&S risk. Adopting a mixed method approach, the accident causal influence of CPFs was investigated. Following a conceptualisation of how CPFs influence accident occurrence based on systems models of accident causation, a qualitative inquiry involving semi-structured interviews with experienced construction professionals was undertaken to provide empirical verification of the conceptualised view. Subsequent to the qualitative inquiry, a questionnaire survey was undertaken to elicit relevant data from experienced professionals in construction management roles to enable the assessment of the degree of potential of CPFs to influence accident occurrence and their associated H&S risk. From the analysis of data, it was found that CPFs, emanating from pre-construction decisions, influence accident occurrence by their inherent introduction of certain associated H&S issues (which can be termed as proximal accident factors) into the construction phase of projects to give rise to accidents. There are also causal interactions between CPFs and the proximal factors which can reduce or increase the presence of proximal factors. CPFs have varying degrees of potential to influence accident occurrence which can generally be high or moderate and is influenced by: the extent to which their proximal factor(s) is common (in other words prevalent) within them; and the degree of potential of the proximal factor(s) to influence accident occurrence. Where CPFs apply on a project, they are generally associated with medium risk or high risk. Whereas with medium-risk CPFs some risk control measures would suffice in mitigating risk, with high-risk CPFs substantial measures are required. As a consolidation of the research findings, a toolkit, called CRiMT, has been developed. CRiMT provides H&S risk information regarding CPFs and it has the potential of assisting pre-construction project participants in managing the accident causal influence of CPFs from the early stage of project procurement. In view of the findings, the accident causal influence of CPFs should thus not be ignored or underestimated in construction project delivery. Pre-construction project participants, especially those whose decisions determine CPFs, ought to take into consideration the H&S effects of CPFs when making decisions which determine CPFs. Also, pre-construction project participants ought to plan and implement commensurate risk control measures in the early stage of projects to eliminate or mitigate the H&S risk posed by CPFs.
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McKeon, Christine. "Psychological factors influencing unsafe behaviour during medication administration." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2004. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001473/.

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The health system in Australia delivers safe and effective health care to millions of patients each year. However, health care is not as safe as it could be with research indicating that errors involving medications are a leading cause of unintended harm to patients both in Australia and internationally. Historically, hospital authorities have attempted to reduce incidents by focusing on the actions of individuals. However, the health system is now taking advantage of research carried out in other complex industries which indicates that error is inevitable and that identifying individuals as the ultimate cause of adverse incidents is of limited value unless the context in which the incident occurred is well understood. This series of studies used Reason's (1990) model of accident causation as the basis for the search into possible contributing factors to unsafe behaviour by nurses during medication administration. Structural equation modelling was used to operationalise Reason's theory by developing a model linking organisational and individual factors to unsafe behaviour in the hospital system. Study 1 in this series was a preliminary investigation of the role of organisational factors in contributing to violations by nurses in rural and remote areas in Queensland, Australia. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire with this instrument being used to develop a structural model wherein organisational variables predicted 23% of the variance in self-reported violations. Study 2 extended the number of organisational factors measured by using a validated instrument that is widely used in public sector hospitals in Queensland. This instrument measures organisational climate and also a number of individual factors. In addition to the outcome variable, violation behaviour, a measure of errors was included. Data were collected from nurses working in two rural health service districts. A structural model was developed from this instrument wherein organisational variables predicted 7% of the variance in selfreported violations and 24% of the variance in errors. The hypothesised relationships between the individual factors and errors were not supported in this study. Study 3 investigated the impact of individual factors and a specific type of organisational climate, that is, safety climate on unsafe behaviour. The violation behaviour and error scales were extended and improved in this study, for example, the error scale was expanded to include near misses. In addition, a new scale measuring reporting behaviour was developed and included. Data were collected from nurses working in a large rural centre. The structural model developed from the instrument indicated that safety climate predicted 27% of the variance in violation behaviour, 61% of the variance in errors and near misses, and 20% of the variance in willingness to report. This series of studies identified underlying contributing factors to unsafe behaviour during medication administration, indicated the strength of the relationships among the various elements, and illustrated how the various parts of the system link together to influence safety outcomes. By identifying which elements are important by the use of structural equation modelling, this research provides the basis for predicting unsafe organisational conditions and leads to suggestions for suitably targeted interventions to reduce unsafe behaviour and adverse incidents.
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Atalar, Deniz. "Functional failure sequences in traffic accidents." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32727.

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This thesis examines the interactions between road users and the factors that contribute to the occurrence of traffic accidents, and discusses the implications of these interactions with regards to driver behaviour and accident prevention measures. Traffic accident data is collected on a macroscopic level by local police authorities throughout the UK. This data provides a description of accident related factors on a macroscopic level which does not allow for a complete understanding of the interaction between the various road users or the influence of errors made by active road users. Traffic accident data collected on a microscopic level analysis of real world accident data, explaining why and how an accident occurred, can further contribute to a data driven approach to provide safety measures. This data allows for a better understanding of the interaction of factors for all road users within an accident that is not possible with other data collection methods. In the first part of the thesis, a literature review presents relevant research in traffic accident analysis and accident causation research, afterwards three accident causation models used to understand behaviour and factors leading to traffic accidents are introduced. A comparison study of these accident causation coding models that classify road user error was carried out to determine a model that would be best suited to code the accident data according to the thesis aims. Latent class cluster analyses were made of two separate datasets, the UK On the Spot (OTS) in-depth accident investigation study and the STATS19 national accident database. A comparison between microscopic (in-depth) accident data and macroscopic (national) accident data was carried out. This analysis allowed for the interactions between all relevant factors for the road users involved in the accident to be grouped into specific accident segmentations based on the cluster analysis results. First, all of the cases that were collected by the OTS team between the years 2000 to 2003 were analysed. Results suggested that for single vehicle accidents males and females typically made failures related to detection and execution issues, whereas male road users made diagnosis failures with speed as a particularly important factor. In terms of the multiple vehicle accidents the interactions between the first two road users and the subsequent accident sequence were demonstrated. A cluster analysis of all two vehicle accidents in Great Britain in the year 2005 and recorded within the STATS19 accident database was carried out as a comparison to the multiple vehicle accident OTS data. This analysis demonstrated the necessity of in-depth accident causation data in interpreting accident scenarios, as the resulting accident clusters did not provide significant differences between the groups to usefully segment the crash population. Relevant human factors were not coded for these cases and the level of detail in the accident cases did not allow for a discussion of countermeasure implications. An analysis of 428 Powered Two Wheeler accidents that were collected by the OTS team between the years 2000 to 2010 was carried out. Results identified 7 specific scenarios, the main types of which identified two particular looked but did not see accidents and two types of single vehicle PTW accidents. In cases where the PTW lost control, diagnosis failures were more common, for road users other than the PTW rider, detection issues were of particular relevance. In these cases the interaction between all relevant road users was interpreted in relation to one another. The subsequent study analysed 248 Pedestrian accidents that were collected by the OTS team between the years 2000 to 2010. Results identified scenarios related to pedestrians as being in a hurry and making detection errors, impairment due to alcohol, and young children playing in the roadside. For accidents that were initiated by the other road user s behaviour pedestrians were either struck after an accident had already occurred or due to the manoeuvre that a road user was making, older pedestrians were over-represented in this accident type. This thesis concludes by discussing how (1) microscopic in-depth accident data is needed to understand accident mechanisms, (2) a data mining approach using latent class clustering can benefit the understanding of failure mechanisms, (3) accident causation analysis is necessary to understand the types of failures that road users make and (4) accident scenario development helps quantify accidents and allows for accident countermeasure implication discussion. The original contribution to knowledge is the demonstration that when relevant data is available there is a possibility to understand the interactions that are occurring between road users before the crash, that is not possible otherwise. This contribution has been demonstrated by highlighting how latent class cluster analysis combined with accident causation data allows for relevant interactions between road users to be observed. Finally implications for this work and future considerations are outlined.
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Staubach, Maria. "Identifikation menschlicher Einflüsse auf Verkehrsunfälle als Grundlage zur Beurteilung von Fahrerassistenzsystem-Potentialen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-27410.

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Die vorliegende Arbeit leistet einen Beitrag zur Identifizierung von Einflussgrößen und Fehlerursachen auf Verkehrsunfälle. Diese können als Grundlage für Hinweise für den Einsatz und die Gestaltung von Fahrerassistenzsystemen genutzt werden. Dafür wurden insgesamt 506 Unfälle umfassend (in depth) untersucht. Zur Analyse der Pre-Crash-Phase der Unfälle wurden die Ergebnisse einer psychologischen Befragung mit Angaben aus der polizeilichen Verkehrsunfallanzeige, Informationen zur Unfallstelle, medizinischen Berichten sowie Informationen aus der technischen Rekonstruktion integriert. Anschließend wurde eine Fehleranalyse unter Betrachtung der Teilsysteme Fahrer, Umwelt und Fahrzeug durchgeführt. Um den bestmöglichen Befragungszeitpunkt herauszufinden, wurden in einer Vorstudie jeweils 15 Interviews am Unfallort sowie telefonische Interviews ein bis 14 Tage bzw. 15 bis 90 Tage nach dem Unfall bezüglich der Anzahl ihrer Genauigkeits- und Glaubhaftigkeitsmerkmale, der Motivation zur Interviewteilnahme sowie möglicher Vergessenseffekte verglichen. Im Ergebnis konnten keine Nachteile nachträglicher telefonischer Befragungen im Vergleich zu Befragungen an der Unfallstelle gefunden werden. Zur Fehleranalyse wurde ein verkehrspsychologisches Fehlerklassifikationsschema auf der Basis der verhütungsbezogenen Klassifikation von Fehlhandlungsursachen (Hacker, 1998) erstellt. Mit dessen Hilfe wurden insgesamt 696 Unfalleinflussfaktoren für die Unfallverursacher (n=343) ermittelt. Im Ergebnis wurde so bei allen Unfalltypengruppen ein hoher Anteil von Fehlern infolge von Ablenkung sowie Aktivierungsmängeln festgestellt (jeweils zwischen 28 % und 47%). Des Weiteren gab es bei Kreuzungsunfällen zahlreiche Fehler infolge von Sichtverdeckungen (40%), Fokusfehlern (30%), Reizmaskierungen (26%) und Verstößen gen die Verkehrsregeln (11%). Unfälle durch Abkommen von der Fahrbahn traten zudem häufig infolge von Erwartungsfehlern (35%), Reizmaskierungen (26%), Verstößen gegen die Verkehrsregeln (24%) sowie Zielsetzungs- bzw. Handlungsfehler (23%) auf. Unfälle im Längsverkehr passierten des Weiteren durch Erwartungsfehler (36%), Zielsetzungs- und Handlungsfehler (36%) sowie durch Setzen eines falschen Aufmerksamkeitsfokus (24%) auf. Anhand dieser Studienergebnisse ist das Sicherheitspotential für Fahrerassistenzsysteme, welche den Fahrer bei der Informationsaufnahme unterstützen und ihm helfen Ablenkungen und Aktivierungsdefizite zu vermeiden, als hoch einzuschätzen. So könnten insgesamt über zwei Drittel der erfassten Fehlhandlungen vermieden werden. Darüber hinaus münden die Studienergebnisse in ein Klassifikationsschema zur Erfassung von Unfalleinflussfaktoren, welches im Rahmen der Unfallforschung dauerhaft eingesetzt werden sollte.
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JIAN, JUN-MING, and 簡俊明. "Exploring the factors affecting truck accident patterns." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30629007750415461257.

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Lin, Yuan-Yuan, and 林淵源. "Accident Patterns for Electrical Fatalities in the Construction Industry." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51629645119054859606.

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博士
國立臺灣科技大學
管理研究所
100
The current study analyzed 250 electrical fatalities in the construction industry from 1996 to 2002 into seven patterns based on source of electricity (power line, energized equipment, improperly installed or damaged equipment), direct contact or indirect contact through some source of injury (boom vehicle, metal bar or pipe, and other conductive material). Each fatality was coded in terms of age, company size, experience, performing tasks, source of injury, accident cause and hazard pattern. The Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) was applied to the coded data of the fatal electrocution to find a subset of predictors that might derive meaningful classifications or accident scenarios. A series of flow diagrams was constructed based on CHAID result, flow diagram and Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) to illustrate the flow of electricity traveling from electrical source to human body. Each of the flow diagrams can be directly linked with feasible prevention strategies by cutting the flow of electricity.
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Yang, Rong-Hao, and 楊榮浩. "Accident Patterns for Occupational Falls in the Steel Structures Industry." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3tz4z4.

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碩士
亞洲大學
經營管理學系碩士在職專班
105
Falling ranks the top of death number in major occupational disasters in Taiwan due to certain major factors. For instance, business units give unimportance towards labor’s health and safety and the implementation of contracted work management, and on the other hands, self-employed operators are lack of security awareness. In recent years, with the government’s vigorous promotion of construction safety, the labor safety consciousness has risen, resulting in a significant decrease trend of occupational hazards. However, it is still at the top of occupational hazards in the industry of construction. The reason why it is prone to disasters in the construction industry is because the construction site itself is still an unfinished structure. With the progress of the project, not only the construction site terrain changes, there are also temporary openings and gaps. Without timely protection or closure in such dangerous conditions, they are likely to become dangerous factors that lead to operators’ accidental falls. In addition, the work sites are not on flat land. High-altitude operations increase the degree of danger of the work sites. In the event of falling, the responsive time of human beings is short and the fall is directly to the ground. These major casualties and financial losses are all due to the business units’ ignorance of necessary safety protection facilities during the construction period. In order to reduce the incidence rate of falling fatalities, this study proposes preventive measures and the use of safety protection tools which include anti-fall facilities, such as safety network, guardrails, barriers, covers, and so on as well as the actual use of helmets and safety belts. In the future, the safety management technology shall still be fortified so as to enhance the business units’ disaster prevention abilities. The key to it is on the correct concept, appropriate pre-planning, and detailed safety and health facilities and budget as well as the correct selection, installation and usage of anti-fall facilities so as to guarantee labors’ safety.
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Huang, Li-Jung, and 黃麗蓉. "The Difference Between Accident Insurance and Health Insurance-Emphasis on the Definition of an Accident, the Judgement of Causation, and the Allocation of Burden of Proof-." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27259316761469833210.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立臺灣大學
法律學研究所
96
The main purpose of this thesis is to distinguish the difference between the coverage in accident insurance and health insurance. We emphasize on the definition of an accident, the judgment of causation, and the allocation of burden of proof. In the first section, we will discuss what defines an accident in accident insurance. Initially, we will introduce the opinions of domestic courts and scholars, and point out their possible deficiencies. Ultimately, we will try to advance a new standard to define what is considered an accident in accident insurance, and use this new standard to review the related cases in Taiwan and the U.S. In the second section, we will discuss causation theory in accident insurance. In the beginning, we will introduce the opinions of domestic courts, and point out their possible deficiencies. In the end, we will try to advance a more concrete and clear standard on this issue, and use this new standard to review the related cases in Taiwan. In the last section, we will discuss the burden of proof. Namely, when a case enters into court, we need to determine which party has to prove if the insured’s death or disablement resulted from an accident, and whether or not there was a break in the chain of causation between the accident and the result of death or disablement. Similarly, we will introduce the opinions of domestic courts and scholars, and subsequently provide our opinion about how to determine the allocation of burden of proof.
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Books on the topic "Accident Causation/ Accident Patterns"

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Forensic aspects of driver inexperience and accident causation. Lawyers & Judges Pub. Company, 2011.

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Brooks, Peter. Preventing driver error and motorcycle accident causation: An empirical investigation. Applied Psychology Unit, College of Aeronautics, Cranfield Institute of Technology, 1991.

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Coombe, R. D. Data collection for pedestrian accident causation research: A pilot study. Transport and Road Research Laboratory, 1989.

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N, Damask Jay, and Damask John B, eds. Injury causation analyses: Case studies and data sources. Michie Co., 1990.

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Lund, Johan. Hobbyverktøy og hegeredskap: Skadebilde, risikoanalyse og produktsikkerhetstiltak = Hobby and garden tools : accident patterns, risk analysis, and product safety measures. Statens institutt for forbruksforskning, 1994.

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Hendrick, Kate. The accident. 2013.

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Slaten, Arthur Wakefield. Does Life Spell Accident Or Design? Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2007.

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P, Rolls G. W., and AA Foundation for Road Safety Research., eds. Accident risk and behavioural patterns of younger drivers. Automobile Association, Foundation for Road Safety Research, 1991.

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J, Tunbridge R., ed. An in-depth study of road accident casualties and their injury patterns. Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Safety and Transportation Group, Road Safety Division, 1988.

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Nicky, Metrebian, Van De Ban Jane, Dale Annette, and Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour., eds. Substance misuse and the A & E: A study of patterns of substance misuse and subsequent referral systems in the Charing Cross Accident and Emergency Department. The Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Accident Causation/ Accident Patterns"

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Yates, W. David. "Accident Causation and Investigation Techniques." In Safety Professional’s Reference and Study Guide. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429293054-20.

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Asan, Amran, and Zainal Abidin Akasah. "Developing an Accident Causation Model for Accident Prevention at Building Construction Sites." In InCIEC 2014. Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-290-6_24.

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Yuanyuan, Qian, Xu Jie, Mi Chuanmin, and Peng Qiwei. "Research on Electricity Falling Accident Based on Improved Bode Accident Causation Model." In Smart Service Systems, Operations Management, and Analytics. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30967-1_12.

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Mahat, Noor Aisyah Asyikin, Faridah Ismail, and Sharifah Nur Aina Syed Alwee. "Propelling Site Safety Through Accident Causation Models." In InCIEC 2014. Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-290-6_28.

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Barnett, Michael L. "Factors in the Investigation of Human Error in Accident Causation." In Information Systems: Failure Analysis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83091-4_11.

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Wang, Song. "ME-OWA based DEMATEL-ISM Accident Causation Analysis of Complex System." In Proceedings of the 5th International Asia Conference on Industrial Engineering and Management Innovation (IEMI2014). Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-100-0_7.

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Marsh, William, and George Bearfield. "Using Bayesian Networks to Model Accident Causation in the UK Railway Industry." In Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management. Springer London, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-410-4_575.

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Lan, Majing, and Zhiqiang Hou. "Application of Accident Causation Chain in Security Management of Ports and Channels." In Green, Smart and Connected Transportation Systems. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0644-4_72.

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Mustapha, Z., C. O. Aigbavboa, and W. D. Thwala. "Application of Modified Statistical Triangle of Accident Causation in Construction Health and Safety." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46994-1_6.

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Vasavi, S. "Extracting Hidden Patterns Within Road Accident Data Using Machine Learning Techniques." In Information and Communication Technology. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5508-9_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Accident Causation/ Accident Patterns"

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Pedrali, Mauro, Henning Boje Andersen, and Paolo Trucco. "Are Maritime Accident Causation Taxonomies Reliable?" In Human Factors In Ship Design and Operation. RINA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.hf.2002.14.

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Sorenson, Diane, and Karen Marais. "Patterns of causation in accidents and other systems engineering failures." In 2016 Annual IEEE Systems Conference (SysCon). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/syscon.2016.7490568.

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Mitropoulos, Panagiotis, Gregory A. Howell, and Tariq S. Abdelhamid. "Accident Prevention Strategies: Causation Model and Research Directions." In Construction Research Congress 2005. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40754(183)8.

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Smith, Doug, Brian Veitch, Faisal Khan, and Rocky Taylor. "An Accident Model for Arctic Shipping." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41415.

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This paper examines historical Arctic marine accidents from 1995–2004. It was seen during this time period that sinking and grounding of (fishing) vessels was the most common type of Arctic marine accident. A comprehensive accident model is presented to describe Arctic shipping accidents and their causation factors. The accident model is based on epidemiological concepts which explain how non-sequential factors result in an unwanted outcome, analogous to disease spreading through a human body. The causation factors are non-sequential and non-linearly dependent. The applicability of the model is demonstrated through examination of two past accidents: the Kolskaya and the Kulluk. Detailed description of how the accident model could be used for predictive accident modelling and risk analysis of Arctic shipping scenarios is also presented.
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Carȇme, Ludo M. M. "Occupant Kinematics and Injury Causation in Side Impacts-Field Accident Experience." In International Congress & Exposition. SAE International, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/910316.

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Viano, David C., and Stephen Ridella. "Crash Causation: A Case Study of Fatal Accident Circumstances and Configurations." In International Congress & Exposition. SAE International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/960458.

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Feng, Jianwei, and Song Wang. "New Method for Accident Causation Analysis of Complex Socio-technical Systems." In 2015 4th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering. Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmcce-15.2015.571.

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Wang, Huanxin, and Shugang Sun. "Accident Causation Chain Analysis of Ship Collisions Based on Bayesian Networks." In 11th International Conference of Chinese Transportation Professionals (ICCTP). American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41186(421)395.

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Wang, Song. "ME-OWA based DEMATEL-ISM Accident Causation Analysis of Complex System." In 5th International Asia Conference on Industrial Engineering and Management Innovation (IEMI 2014). Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iemi-14.2014.6.

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Jiao, Yonglan, and Bingzhen Sun. "Causation Analysis of Railway Traffic Accident Based on Rough Set Theory." In Sixth International Conference of Traffic and Transportation Studies Congress (ICTTS). American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40995(322)71.

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Reports on the topic "Accident Causation/ Accident Patterns"

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Kasantikul, Vira, and James V. Ouellet. Alcohol Use and Motorcycle Accident Causation in Thailand and Los Angeles. SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0003.

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Yamanaka, Akira, Seigo Kuzumaki, and Akira Yamamoto. Estimating Method for Effectiveness of Active Safety Technologies by Analyzing Accident Patterns. SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0061.

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