Relevant bibliographies by topics / Accident investigation process

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Accident investigation process'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Accident investigation process"

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Hussin, N. E., Anwar Johari, Kamarizan Kidam, and Haslenda Hashim. "Major Hazards of Process Equipment Failures in the Chemical Process Industry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 735 (February 2015): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.735.75.

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Process equipment failures play significant roles in most accidents that occur and recur in the chemical process industry resulting in fire, explosion, and toxic release. In this study, 50 equipment-related accident investigation reports were used to analyze type and severity of incidents. The comprehensive accident report data were retrieved from U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) and U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) accident databases with a mean year of 2005. Among the identified process equipment failures were piping systems (32%), storage tanks (20%), process vessels (16%), separation equipment (10%), reactors (8%), heat transfer equipment (8%), and others (6%). The analysis shows that 32% of the cases led to fire and explosion, followed by toxic release (26%), and explosion (22%) incidents. A total of 126 fatalities, 590 injuries, 260 exposures, four shelter-in-place, and 13 evacuations were reported. In most accident cases, fire, explosion, and/or toxic release incidents occur simultaneously. The synergy between major hazards results in catastrophic accidents with severe consequences in numbers of fatalities, injuries, exposures, shelter-in-place, and evacuations. To minimize the losses, plant and equipment should be designed and prepared for the worst-case scenario, not just adapting to any ‘applicable’ standards or guidance.
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Zhang, Xian Tang, Xiao Long Li, Hong Li Wang, and Hong Min Zhou. "Based on Numerical Simulation to Investigate the Process of Gas Explosion Accident in Coal Mine." Advanced Materials Research 549 (July 2012): 936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.549.936.

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The gas is one of the most important factors which endanger the security of the mining production. Most of serious accidents are the gas explosion accidents in coal mine. By investigating the damage situations of the gas explosion accidents and the related material, finding out why these incidents happen is an important way to prevent or reduce the gas explosion accidents. Based on the occurred gas explosion accidents, the author use the FLUENT software to simulate the process of gas explosion and get the variation law of various air current parameters is obtained in gas explosion. The explosion causes and development course are discussed. Compared with the explosion parameters collected on scene of accident, it provides comprehensive scientific basis for the accident investigation. The conclusion is helpful to adopt suitable measures to prevent the gas explosion.
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M. Al-Atawi, Attiyah, Ravindra Kumar, and Wafaa Saleh. "A framework for accident reduction and risk identification and assessment in Saudi Arabia." World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development 11, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjstsd-06-2014-0008.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework methodology for the assessment and improving accident data collection and analysis in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Design/methodology/approach – A proposed framework methodology for accident reduction by an integrated process which includes a risk identification, assessment and reduction process is proposed for Tabuk city in KSA. Findings – Tabuk city has a high accident rate. The proposed framework can improve the process of accident data collection and analysis and identify hot spot locations and accident severity. Originality/value – It has been estimated that the annual cost of traffic accidents in Saudi Arabia exceeds six billion US dollars, in addition to other social, health and economic impacts, such as disability, rehabilitation and unemployment due to traffic accident injuries. There are not many studies, if any, in Tabuk in KSA on the investigation and development of a framework for accident reduction.
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Lambert, Anthony J., Tanvi Sharma, and Nathan Ryckman. "Accident Vulnerability and Vision for Action: A Pilot Investigation." Vision 4, no. 2 (May 13, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision4020026.

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Many accidents, such as those involving collisions or trips, appear to involve failures of vision, but the association between accident risk and vision as conventionally assessed is weak or absent. We addressed this conundrum by embracing the distinction inspired by neuroscientific research, between vision for perception and vision for action. A dual-process perspective predicts that accident vulnerability will be associated more strongly with vision for action than vision for perception. In this preliminary investigation, older and younger adults, with relatively high and relatively low self-reported accident vulnerability (Accident Proneness Questionnaire), completed three behavioural assessments targeting vision for perception (Freiburg Visual Acuity Test); vision for action (Vision for Action Test—VAT); and the ability to perform physical actions involving balance, walking and standing (Short Physical Performance Battery). Accident vulnerability was not associated with visual acuity or with performance of physical actions but was associated with VAT performance. VAT assesses the ability to link visual input with a specific action—launching a saccadic eye movement as rapidly as possible, in response to shapes presented in peripheral vision. The predictive relationship between VAT performance and accident vulnerability was independent of age, visual acuity and physical performance scores. Applied implications of these findings are considered.
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Misawa, Ryo, and Naoko Hasegawa. "Investigation to the Bottlenecks in Learning Process from Accident." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 81 (September 20, 2017): 2C—091–2C—091. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.81.0_2c-091.

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Dzhus, O. V. "METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO CARRYING OUT THE OFFICIAL INVESTIGATION OF THE RAILWAY ACCIDENT IN UKRAINE AND ABROAD." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 18 (December 26, 2018): 434–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2018.49.

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While transporting passengers and cargo by rail transport, there is always a risk of an unusual situation arising as a result of exposure to various factors or actions of people (operators) namely a railway transport accident. In case of such a situation official (special) investigations are performed; the reasons for its occurrence are detected. Materials, testimonies and facts determinated while performing this type of investigation are important enough and used while carrying out the research in the framework of railway transport forensic examination. All efforts to improve the methods of investigating the causes and factors of influence on the occurrence of railway transport accidents are reduced to one goal: improving the quality of their investigation and preventing crashes and catastrophes in rail transport in the future. There are certain methodological approaches while conducting an official investigation of railway transport accidents abroad (in the Baltic States, Kazakhstan, Russia) and in Ukraine. The process of performing an official investigation in Ukraine is examined in detail according to current Methodological Guidelines. Work towards improving and perfection these approaches has been ongoing and this has undoubtedly been positively reflected on the research process within the frameworks of implementation of forensic railway transport examinations. It should be also noted that the competent, complete and high-quality execution of materials submitted to forensic experts for performing examination will allow to fulfill the assigned forensic railway transport examinations and provide substantiated conclusions in optimal time frame.
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Yang, Zi Sheng, Jun Xia Liu, and Yi Ren Wang. "Weight Analysis of Accident Factors in Deep Foundation Excavation Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 711 (December 2014): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.711.529.

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For the past few years, great development has been achieved in deep foundation excavation. However, due to foundation excavation’s locality, individual diversity, complexity and uncertainty, the probability of accidents in foundation pit engineering tends to be greater than that in main works, and the accident rate may even reach about 20%, which makes the study on factors leading to foundation excavation accidents quite necessary and meaningful. By use of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), this paper has figured out the ratio (weight) of the investigation, design, construction and other factors leading to foundation excavation accidents to the whole factor set, which is of great guiding significance to the study on prevention and treatment of foundation excavation accidents in future.
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Smith, Kenneth M., and Frederick E. Schmidt. "Marine Accident Investigation Techniques: Finding the Root Causes." Marine Technology and SNAME News 42, no. 04 (October 1, 2005): 210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2005.42.4.210.

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A vessel that has been damaged by a fire and/or explosion, suffered a mechanical failure, or had some sort of accident that resulted in injuries or property loss is almost always the subject of an investigation to determine the root cause and significant contributing factors. This paper describes the investigation process, including the skills and special knowledge that is often required for a complete investigation. Using several case investigations, the synergy of combining marine/mechanical and metallurgical testing and analyses is also discussed. Several engineering disciplines typically are required to recreate the sequence of events, components involved, and most probable causes. Such issues as maintenance, controls, design, and fail-safe performance are the domain of the marine/mechanical specialist. Determination of the failure mode, role of corrosion, thermal degradation, and materials selection issues are typically evaluated by a metallurgist. Design, materials selection, and component fabrication methods can become significant issues.
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Afrino, Afrino. "PEMENUHAN HAK ANAK SEBAGAI TERSANGKA DALAM PENYIDIKAN TINDAK PIDANA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS." UNES Law Review 2, no. 1 (September 3, 2019): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/ulr.v2i1.58.

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Lately, there have been frequent traffic accidents which have caused many losses. The Sijunjung Regional Police Laka Satlantas Unit has handled 35 cases of traffic accident committed by children, so far it has always prioritized child protection in examining children who are dealing with the field of law. This research is a descriptive analytical study. Adapaun the results of the implementation of the implementation of the fulfillment of children's rights as suspects in the investigation process, can be seen from careful actions carried out by investigators, meaning that if the cases carried out by children are still classified as minor acts, there should be no detention measures, whereas if the case is a criminal offense detention can be carried out, in the investigation process the suspect must be accompanied by his parents even though his legal advisor does not come to accompany the suspect. BAPAS in the inspection phase is obliged to assist the suspect. Examination of child suspects, it should be noted that there is a special room that is comfortable and friendly for child offenders, and the Diversion process is prioritized to achieve the best interests for children. Constraints encountered by the police in fulfilling children's rights as suspects in the process of investigating traffic accident crimes, namely in the process of investigating and detaining suspected children, where there are internal factors, namely members of Unit Laka personnel who are few in number, BAPAS sometimes unable to attend, legal counsel sometimes unable to attend. Efforts to overcome the obstacles that arise in the provision of children's rights as suspects in the investigation process of traffic accident crimes, where the Sijunjung Regional Police have dealt with these obstacles in accordance with what is needed, among others asking for funds to add detention rooms, writing BAPAS and legal counsel, and providing socialization to schools or to the community regarding enforcement of traffic laws in general and the protection of children in particular.
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Mönnigmann, Bernd, and Adelija Čulić-Viskota. "Standardised English Language Proficiency Testing for Seafarers." Transactions on Maritime Science 6, no. 2 (October 21, 2017): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7225/toms.v06.n02.007.

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This paper aims at pointing out the necessity of raising the levels of both communicative competence and Maritime English knowledge of seafarers, as well as of introducing a common language testing system into maritime education and training. It provides insight into the process of implementation of improvements in a different, but related practice of Aviation English and the relative regulations. Also, the paper presents the accounts of one aircraft accident, and two ship accidents due to the participants’ misunderstanding, or deficiency in English. This is followed by the results of an investigation into the reports published by the Marine Accident Investigation Branch (MAIB) about the sea accidents due to inadequate English language competence, or inadequate professional communication. Although there are commonly more than one cause which combine in each accident, these are usually fuelled by inadequate language competence. It is of utmost importance, especially in emergencies, that all the participants in the maritime venture are adequately competent in Maritime English to handle the emergencies to the benefit of all the persons involved. Therefore, the compulsory introduction of a uniform global language certification is suggested.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Accident investigation process"

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Strömgren, Mattias. "Verktyg i lokalt säkerhetsarbete med särskilt fokus på olycksutredningar." Licentiate thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-27100.

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Kommuner har en unik position i säkerhetsarbetet genom att vara nära både medborgarna och de olyckor och skador som drabbar befolkningen. Trots långtgående framsteg inom teknologi och ett etablerat välfärdssamhälle utgör personskador till följd av olyckor ett betydande folkhälsoproblem i Sverige liksom i övriga nordiska länder. De svenska kommunerna har ålagts ett vidsträckt ansvar och förväntas vidta åtgärder inom flera samhällsområden för att värna människornas trygghet och säkerhet. De senaste två decennierna har utvecklingen i allt högre grad inneburit olika former av systematiskt och tvärsektoriellt säkerhetsarbete i kommunerna. I detta arbete används olika verktyg och metoder som hjälpmedel och stöd. Vissa verktyg är obligatoriska att använda enligt lagstiftning medan andra är frivilliga. Denna uppsats syftar till att kartlägga kommunernas användning av några av dessa säkerhetsverktyg, samt att för ett av verktygen – olycksutredning – undersöka i vilken utsträckning några särskilda utredningsmetoder förmår stödja den samlade praktiska hantering som en olycksutredning innebär. Uppsatsen bygger på två delarbeten, varav det ena är publicerat i en internationell vetenskaplig tidskrift och det andra är inskickat för bedömning till en annan tidskrift. Artikel I bygger på en enkätstudie till 1283 tjänstemän i 73 kommuner. En fråga handlade om användningen av 16 olika säkerhetsverktyg. Denna fråga besvarades av 50 % av de tillfrågade personerna. Resultaten tyder på att verktygen skyddsrond, riskanalys och riskinventering hade utbredd användning i samtliga sektorer medan övriga verktyg användes begränsat inom vissa sektorer eller nästan inte alls. Artikel II studerar hur olika olycksutredningsmetoder stödjer den praktiska utredningsprocessen. Analysen grundas i en processmodell särskilt framtagen för utvärdering av metoderna. Slutsatserna stöds av data från 114 tester av sådana metoder i kursen Kvalificerad olycksutredningsmetodik vid Karlstads universitet. Över 170 kursdeltagare från olika branscher har medverkat i testerna, som en del i undervisningen. Resultaten visar att bland de bedömda metoderna så är det endast metoderna Avvikelseutredning och STEP som ger ett bra stöd i hela utredningsprocessen. Övriga metoder stödjer huvudsakligen endast själva analysdelen i en olycksutredning. De sammanfattande slutsatserna visar att kommunerna använder sig av verktyg i sitt säkerhetsarbete, men att endast ett fåtal av verktygen används brett i alla kommunsektorer. Bland de undersökta metoderna för verktyget olycksutredning konstateras att det finns stora skillnader i hur dessa stödjer utredningsprocessen. Flera metoder borde kanske snarare benämnas olycksanalysmetoder, istället för olycksutredningsmetoder, då de främst ger stöd för själva analysdelen i utredningsarbetet.
Municipalities have a unique position in safety work by being close to both the citizens and the accidents and injuries that affect the population. Despite far-reaching advances in technology and an established welfare state, injuries resulting from accidents constitute a significant public health problem in Sweden as well as in other Nordic countries. Swedish municipalities are subjected to wide-ranging responsibilities and are expected to take action in a number of societal areas to safeguard people's safety and security. The last two decades are increasingly characterized by systematic and cross-sectorial safety work of various forms in municipalities. In this endeavor a variety of tools and methods intended to aid and support safety work have been introduced. Some tools are required by law while others are optional. This thesis aims to identify to what extent local authorities utilize a number of these safety tools, and secondly to examine whether a set of particular methods aimed to guide one of the tools – accident investigation – are actually supportive to the entire practical investigative process. The thesis is based on two papers, the first of which has been published in an international scientific journal, and the second has been submitted to another journal. Article I is based on a survey targeting 1283 officials in 73 municipalities. One question was about the use of 16 different safety tools. This question was answered by 50 % of the officials. The results show that safety round, risk analysis and risk inventory were reported to be used frequently in all sectors while other tools were used only in certain sectors or virtually not at all. Article II analyzes how different accident investigation methods support the practical investigative process. The evaluation is based on a process model intended to illustrate this process. The analysis comprises data from 114 tests of nine selected methods taught in a recurrent course entitled Advanced Accident Investigation Methodology at Karlstad University. More than 170 participants representing various industries and sectors were involved in the tests. The results show that among the nine assessed methods, only Deviation Analysis and STEP gives good support throughout the entire investigative process. Other methods provide support primarily during the analysis phase of an accident investigation. In summary, our findings show that local authorities make use of safety tools, but only a few of the tools are broadly used across all municipal sectors. Regarding the assessed methods of the tool accident investigation it can be concluded that there are major differences in their way to support throughout the investigative process. It is suggested that several methods should rather be described as accident analysis methods instead of accident investigation methods since they provide support mainly for the analysis step.
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Lindberg, Anna-Karin. "Experience feedback in practice." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Filosofi och teknikhistoria, Philosophy and the History of Technology, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4817.

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McLucas, Alan Charles Civil Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "An investigation into the integration of qualitative and quantitative techniques for addressing systemic complexity in the context of organisational strategic decision-making." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Civil Engineering, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38744.

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System dynamics modelling has been used for around 40 years to address complex, systemic, dynamic problems, those often described as wicked. But, system dynamics modelling is not an exact science and arguments about the most suitable techniques to use in which circumstances, continues. The nature of these wicked problems is investigated through a series of case studies where poor situational awareness among stakeholders was identified. This was found to be an underlying cause for management failure, suggesting need for better ways of recognising and managing wicked problem situations. Human cognition is considered both as a limitation and enabler to decision-making in wicked problem environments. Naturalistic and deliberate decision-making are reviewed. The thesis identifies the need for integration of qualitative and quantitative techniques. Case study results and a review of the literature led to identification of a set of principles of method to be applied in an integrated framework, the aim being to develop an improved way of addressing wicked problems. These principles were applied to a series of cases in an action research setting. However, organisational and political barriers were encountered. This limited the exploitation and investigation of cases to varying degrees. In response to a need identified in the literature review and the case studies, a tool is designed to facilitate analysis of multi-factorial, non-linear causality. This unique tool and its use to assist in problem conceptualisation, and as an aid to testing alternate strategies, are demonstrated. Further investigation is needed in relation to the veracity of combining causal influences using this tool and system dynamics, broadly. System dynamics modelling was found to have utility needed to support analysis of wicked problems. However, failure in a particular modelling project occurred when it was found necessary to rely on human judgement in estimating values to be input into the models. This was found to be problematic and unacceptably risky for sponsors of the modelling effort. Finally, this work has also identified that further study is required into: the use of human judgement in decision-making and the validity of system dynamics models that rely on the quantification of human judgement.
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Li, CHIEN FENG, and 李建鋒. "Study on Distribution of Responsibility for Vehicle Traffic Accidents- discusses the negligence discussion system and the investigation review process." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vxbvq6.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
科技法律研究所
107
With the development of the times and the improvement of gross national income, the quantity of domestic motor vehicles has been increasing year after year. However, due to the narrow land and numerous vehicles in the country, plus the long-termed road drivers disregard the safety of driving, the spirit of law-abiding and the concept of courtesy are weak. Furthermore, the traffic facilities of the road authorities are not yet in perfection, resulting in frequent road traffic accidents, which is subsequently followed by disputes between both parties involved in the case of accidents. After a traffic accident happened, it often relies on the investigation to judge the responsibility of the parties involved in the case of the traffic accident. It can be seen that the investigation affects the parties greatly, and in order to ensure and maintain the fairness and justice between the parties, it is necessary to have a good quality of investigation. Therefore, the establishment of a comprehensive investigation system for driving accidents and the investigation criteria are the primary tasks for ensuring the quality of investigation, and also is the prerequisite for maintaining professionalism and fairness. Therefore, the traffic accident responsibility for both parties, and the trial of the judiciary, and the feedback for the future traffic safety improvement are of significance. The problems frequently encountered in the current rules of practice in vehicle accident investigation is that the opinions regarding the same or similar cases are different between the traffic accidents investigation committee and reconsideration committee in different regions. While conducting the investigation, it did not consider that the possibility of the perpetrators have the chance to prevent the accidents from happening. The conclusion of the investigation opinion lack of the casual argumentation, the responsibility of the liability of the accident belongs to, and the unclear basis of the investigation opinion, etc., it is likely for citizens to get confused and it is not conductive to assisting the judiciary in judging. In view of the issues frequently emerged in the current rules of practice regarding vehicle accidents investigation, in order to improve the consistency of the investigation results of each investigation unit, and improve the quality of the investigation, clarifying the theoretical basis and strengthen the causal argumentation, this study is based on the operational rules for traffic accident investigation, traffic regulations, civil and criminal law. And with reference to the relevant documents , the vehicle accident investigation is summarized into three key items: 1. Accident reconstruction. 2. Judgment negligence. 3. Weigh the degree of negligence. Based on this, the thesis discusses the negligence discussion system and the investigation review process, establishes the thinking principle and operation mode, to strengthen the causal argumentation theory, and serves as a reference for investigator or judicial personnel to review vehicle accident cases.
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Books on the topic "Accident investigation process"

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Evidence in traffic crash investigation and reconstruction: Identification, interpretation, and analysis of evidence, and the traffic crash investigation and reconstruction process. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 2006.

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Biacchessi, Daniele. Punto Condor, Ustica: Il processo. Bologna: Pendragon, 2002.

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Amelio, Erminio. IH 870, il volo spezzato: Strage di Ustica: le storie, i misteri, i depistaggi, il processo. Roma: Editori riuniti, 2005.

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1940-, Fetzer James H., ed. American assassination: The strange death of Senator Paul Wellstone. Brooklyn, NY: Vox Pop, 2005.

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United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Implementation of the Helsinki accords: Hearings before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, Ninety-ninth Congress, second session, human rights and the CSCE process in Eastern Europe, February 25, 1986, and human rights and the CSCE process in the Soviet Union, February 27, 1986. Washington: U.S. G.P.O, 1986.

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United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Implementation of the Helsinki accords: Hearings before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, Ninety-ninth Congress, second session, human rights and the CSCE process in Eastern Europe, February 25, 1986, and human rights and the CSCE process in the Soviet Union, February 27, 1986. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Office, General Accounting. Nuclear waste: Process to remove radioactive waste from Savannah River tanks fails to work : report to the Ranking Minority Member, Committee on Commerce, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): U.S. General Accounting Office, 1999.

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United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Implementation of the Helsinki accords: Hearing before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, human rights and the CSCE process, October 3, 1985. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Europe, United States Congress Commission on Security and Cooperation in. Implementation of the Helsinki accords: Hearing before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, human rights and the CSCE process, October 3, 1985. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Implementation of the Helsinki accords: Hearing before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, One Hundred First Congress, second session ; German unification and the CSCE process : April 3, 1990. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Accident investigation process"

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Tavlin, Linda J. "The accident investigation process and associated scenarios." In Aviation Communication, 71–92. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429460425-5.

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Botti, Lucia, Riccardo Melloni, Simone Mosconi, and Maniva Oliva. "A Detailed Investigation on Apparent and Root Causes of Accidents in Manufacturing." In Advances in Manufacturing, Production Management and Process Control, 18–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51981-0_2.

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Huynh, Phuong, and Renza Monteleone. "Adverse Events and Corrective and Preventive Actions." In Quality Management and Accreditation in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, 89–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64492-5_11.

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AbstractEverything that is not compliant with SOP, guidelines, national and international standards, and legal requirements could affect the quality and safety of the cellular products and all processes. To guarantee the safety of cellular products, to protect recipients, donors, and personnel, it is necessary to have in place a robust system for reporting, investigating, and resolving all occurrences: errors, accidents, adverse events, biological product deviations, and complaints.In some case, the management of adverse events and other type of deviations is included in hospital management, but even in this case, the transplant programme quality system should have specific SOP that includes a system to manage any issues, actions to prevent adverse events and deviations, and a description of the step to resolve them.
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Mannan, Sam. "Accident Research and Investigation." In Lees' Process Safety Essentials, 373–81. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-85617-776-4.00019-1.

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"Accident Prevention." In Incident Investigation and Accident Prevention in the Process and Allied Industries, 21–1. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439822449.ch21.

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"Accident Prevention." In Incident Investigation and Accident Prevention in the Process and Allied Industries, 22–1. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439822449.ch22.

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"Accident Prevention." In Incident Investigation and Accident Prevention in the Process and Allied Industries, 23–1. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439822449.ch23.

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"Accident Prevention." In Incident Investigation and Accident Prevention in the Process and Allied Industries, 24–1. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439822449.ch24.

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"Accident Prevention." In Incident Investigation and Accident Prevention in the Process and Allied Industries, 25–1. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439822449.ch25.

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"Onsite Investigation." In Incident Investigation and Accident Prevention in the Process and Allied Industries, 2–1. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439822449.ch2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Accident investigation process"

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Poland, Kristin M. "The Use of Injury Biomechanics Principles and Tools in Transportation Accident Investigation." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43149.

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The National Transportation Safety Board is furthering its accident investigation capabilities by implementing biomechanical tools and principles in its accident investigative process. Vehicle dynamics simulation is a commonly used investigative tool implemented to develop a complete understanding of how the vehicle moved and accelerated during an accident. Now the Safety Board is looking at both the reactions and actions of the occupants within the vehicle in response to the vehicle dynamics. This paper highlights two cases in which the principles and tools of biomechanics are applied to aid in the investigative process.
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Nja˚, Ove, and Geir Sverre Braut. "Components of a Tool to Address Learning From Accident Investigation in the Offshore Industry." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20610.

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Learning is often presented as the major goal for an accident investigation process. But it often remains unclear how learning is directed or discussed in the text of investigations reports. If learning is emphasized in the report, how is the relationship between the learning processes proposed in the investigation and theories of effective learning amongst individuals, in organizations and across organizations and societal sectors? This paper presents the results of using a suggested tool to analyze the premises for learning from accident investigations. The paper compares accident investigation reports provided by different actors (operator and authority) in the Norwegian oil and gas industry covering same events.
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Dankowski, Hendrik, and Hendrik Dilger. "Investigation of the Mighty Servant 3 Accident by a Progressive Flooding Method." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10342.

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The semi-submersible heavy-lift vessel Mighty Servant 3 sank off the port of Luanda, Angola in the morning of December 6th, 2006 during a ballast operation to offload the drilling platform Aleutian Key. The official investigations carried out after the accident identified an error in the control of the submerging ballast operations as the direct cause of the sinking. However, the detailed phenomenons and reasons for the sudden excessive trim development has not been investigated further. This paper intends to identify the most likely sceneario which lead to the hydrostatic stability failure during the discharge operation by computing the flooding process during the ballast operation in the time domain. A numerical progressive flooding simulation method is presented for applications like accident investigations or damage stability assessments. This method is modified to fit the special requirements of simulating the operational procedures of semi-submersible vessels in the time domain. Extensions like the inclusion of pump elements but also the multi-body interaction of the cargo and the vessel with regard to the hydrostatics is presented. The direct flooding simulation computes the flux between the compartments based on the Bernoulli equation and the current pressure heads at each intermediate step. Large and partly flooded holes are taken into account as well as optional air compression and flooding through completely filled rooms. Pressure losses due to viscous effects are taken into account by applying semi-empirical discharge coefficients to each opening. The flooding paths are modeled by directed graphs. A detailed investigation of the Mighty Servant 3 accident and an identification of the possible failure modes leading to the sinking of the vessel is presented. This will help to better understand the phenomenons leading to critical situations during the submerging procedure of semi-submersible heavy-lift vessels and to avoid such accidents in the future. Applying time domain flooding simulations allows to predict the ship behavior during ballast operations to identify critical situations and to better schedule the different steps of such an operation in advance.
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Wang, Zhe, and Xuewu Cao. "Study on Total Instantaneous Blockage Accident for CEFR." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89012.

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Chinese Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR) is under construction in China. It is essential to investigate core disruptive accidents (CDAs) for the evaluation of CEFR’s safety characteristic. Accident of total instantaneous blockage in single assembly scale had already been modeled and analyzed. The degradation scenario had been calculated by a fluid-dynamics analysis code for liquid-metal fast reactors (LMFRs). For further investigation of accident process and influence to the near bundles, the seven assembly scale were then simulated and calculated. Total instantaneous blockage was assumed to occur in the center assembly under normal operating conditions and consequences to neighboring assemblies were studied. The result shows that the key events such as sodium boiling, clad melting, fuel particles relocation, hexcan failure and melt discharge into neighboring six assemblies symmetrically were adequately simulated. All the key events appeared in the same sequence as the single assembly simulation, while hexcan failure occurred later than that of single assembly simulation. The reason for the different timing may be the boundary condition assumption can influence the heat removal from the blocked assembly. The seven-assembly scale model can reduce the boundary condition’s uncertainties and help to give a better understanding and prediction of hypothetical accident scenario in subassembly blockage accidents for CEFR.
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Zhang, Mengwei, Bin Zhang, and Jianqiang Shan. "Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer Characteristics of Debris Bed After Severe Accident of SFR Based on 1-D Heat Conduction Model." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81296.

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Nuclear reactor severe accidents can lead to the release of a large amount of radioactive material and cause immense disaster to the environment. Since the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan, the severe accident research has drawn worldwide attention. Based on the one-dimensional heat conduction model, a DEBRIS-HT program for analyzing the heat transfer characteristics of a debris bed after a severe accident of a sodium-cooled fast reactor was developed. The basic idea of the DEBRIS-HT program is to simplify the complex energy transfer process in the debris bed to a simple one-dimensional heat transfer problem by solving the equivalent thermal conductivity in different situations. In this paper, the DEBRIS-HT program code is prepared by using the existing model and compared with the experimental results. The results show that the DEBRIS-HT program can correctly predict the heat transfer process in the fragment bed. In addition, the heat transfer characteristics analysis program is also used to model the core catcher of the China fast reactor. Firstly, the dryout heat flux when all of molten core dropped on the core catcher was calculated, which was compared with the result of Lipinski’s zero dimensional model, and the error between two values is only 11.2%. Then, the temperature distribution was calculated with the heat power of 15MW.
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Chen, Xuedong, Zhibin Ai, Zhichao Fan, Jiushao Hu, Weihe Guan, and Chuanqing Cheng. "Accidents Investigation and Risk Assessment of Chinese Industrial Pressure Pipelines." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77517.

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In recent years personal casualties and fire explosion accidents are often taken place due to pipe failure accidents of petrochemical enterprises in China. For more than a decade years, the authors have conducted extensive investigation and analysis on these accidents and consider that apart from the causes of man-made quality out-of-control and technical level, another major cause is the absence of experience accumulation of some medium environments induced failure accidents for design standards and codes, design units and designers, therefore, it is unable to prevent and control in-service risk factors at the design stage. Since 2003, we have conducted risk-based inspection and analysis of industrial pipelines of all types of units in about eighty large-scale oil refinery plants, chemical plants and chemical fertilizer plants under the jurisdiction of SINOPEC and PetroChina according to API581, API571 etc. in cooperation with Bureau Veritas, France (BV). Through these analyses, we have found out the major failure modes, mechanisms, likelihood and consequences of petrochemical industrial pipelines, and we also consulted the original design and installation documents of all pipelines, it is found that most of the high failure risks of petrochemical industrial pipelines are induced by inadequate consideration to environment induced failure mechanisms at the design stage. In order to avoid repetitive occurrence of these accidents, suggestions on improvement of design and manufacture methods in China are proposed in this paper, that is, the experience of in-service environment-related failures should be fed back to the organizations of design and manufacture standards, design institutions and designers by some effective means, and set up the design and manufacture platform based on risks and life in China, so as to control the risks of pressure pipelines away from accident over the whole life through such measures as reasonable material selection, structural optimization design, selection of reasonable manufacturing and installation process etc. at early stage of design and manufacture.
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Hu, Jiang, Guoxu Zhang, Yushu Zhang, Binbin Zhang, and Zhi Xiao. "Discussion on Application of Accident Sequence Precursor Analysis in China." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66579.

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An accident sequence precursor (ASP) is an initiating event or degraded condition that, when coupled with one or more postulated events, could result in inadequate core cooling or even severe reactor core damage. Through the systematical investigation and evaluation of nuclear power plant (NPP) operating experience, the ASP analysis could provide a comprehensive, risk-informed view of NPP operating experience, a measure for trending core damage risk, a partial validation of the current state of practice in risk assessment, and also a feedback to regulatory activities. This paper firstly gives a brief review on the ASP evaluation process of U.S. and German, and then introduces the current progresses on the establishment of ASP regulatory framework and the development of ASP management platform, which are carrying out by the related nuclear regulation agency in China. Also, this paper gives some insightful discussions on issues such as the ASP application and problems maybe faced.
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Yan, Yikuan, Shanbin Shi, and Mamoru Ishii. "Scaling Analysis and Facility Design for Stability Investigation During Accidents in a PWR-Type SMR." In 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60476.

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Small modular reactor (SMR) concept has been developed as one of the key solutions for the growing demand of safe and clean energy. SMR designs can be applied extensively in areas such as sea water desalination and small-scale power generation etc. Unlike conventional light water reactors, most SMRs greatly simplify the structure of reactor pressure vessel, usually eliminate pumps and use natural circulation to cool down the core and transfer energy. However, flow instability may easily occur and affect the entire two phase natural circulation, which is of great importance for the start-up and normal operation process of BWR-type SMRs. For PWR-type SMRs, two-phase natural circulation could exist during accidents such as small break loss of coolant accident (SBLOCA) and loss of heat sink. Current research aims to experimentally investigate potential flow instabilities related to natural circulation for a PWR-type SMR during the accidents. For current research, the NuScale reactor design is selected as the research prototype. In this paper, the design and scaling analysis of a scaled PWR-type experimental facility are provided. In order to experimentally study the natural circulation behavior of PWR-type SMR during accidental scenarios, detailed scaling analyses are necessary to ensure that the scaled phenomena could be obtained in a laboratory test facility. A three-level scaling method is used to get the scaling ratios derived from various non-dimensional numbers. An ideally scaled facility is first accomplished based on derived scaling ratios. RELAP5 simulations of both steady state and transient cases for the ideally scaled facility are performed and compared to the prototype to ensure the accuracy of the scaling analysis. Then the ideally scaled facility is modified under engineering considerations and an engineering scaled facility is designed. Similar RELAP5 analyses are performed on the engineering scaled facility and the results match well with those in the prototype and ideally scaled facility.
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Pingting, Jiang, Liu Chunrong, Liu Wang, He Dongyu, and Zhang Juanhua. "Research on Severe Accident Management Strategies of Spent Fuel Pool." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66090.

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It is more and more concerned after Fukushima Daiichi about spent fuel pool severe accident management, and it is also required by the regulatory body of NSC (Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center). During such a beyond design basis event, spent fuel assembly becomes over-heated and finally damaged. In order to prevent and stop SFP (spent fuel pool) severe accident process, strategies should be developed when existing procedures are no longer effective or available. This paper gives a development approach of CPR1000 NPP (nuclear power plant) SFP severe accident management guidelines. According to this development approach, the framework of SFP severe accident management guidelines has been developed. To fulfill the strategies and framework for SPF severe accident guidelines, calculation of typical accident cases and determination analysis are carried out using PSA method, based on investigation and survey of international severe accident management procedures research status, considering the characteristics of CPR1000 NPP and SFP design. Then related actions and proper times are proposed, which would help to develop detailed severe accident management guidelines (SAMG) of SFP.
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Onazi, Adai. "Application of Dynamic Risk Approach to Mitigate Major Accidents." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206273-ms.

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Abstract Major industrial accidents with catastrophic consequences routinely occur around the world and as the industry continue to grow, so will the system complexities and uncertainties. Hence, the need for a more dynamic approach to hazards identification and risk management, to proactively mitigate potential exposures in a real-time manner. Evidences suggests that, dynamic approach to risk management is capable to identifying and assessing developing and increasing industry risks and processes. The Piper Alpha investigation and derivation and adoption of safety case framework in the UK, was a proven approach to mitigate Major Accident Hazards on the front-end design of high-risk process facilities and through their lifespan. With increasing process systems complexities however, dynamic risk management an enhanced conventional method would be the next generation approach to ensure safer operations. This paper aims to stimulate discussions on the novel Dynamic Risk Management (DRM) approach, leveraging on advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) as a new risk management pathway to industrial accident prevention.
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Reports on the topic "Accident investigation process"

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Nigmatulin, B. I., L. K. Tikhonenko, and V. N. Blinkov. Problems in experimental and mathematical investigations of the accidental thermalhydraulic processes in RBMK nuclear reactors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/107759.

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