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Journal articles on the topic 'Accident of vehicle'
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1
Sasmito Ariwibowo, Agus, and Edi Winarko. "Data Mining Untuk Mengetahui Tingkat Loyalitas Konsumen Terhadap Merek Kendaraan Bermotor dan Pola Kecelakaan Lalulintas di DIY." IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems) 5, no. 3 (November 19, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijccs.5205.
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Abstract— The data of vehicle sales and traffic accident can be processed into information that is important for vehicle dealers and the Police Department. Those important information researched are the level of consumer loyalty to the vehicle brands and to predict the vehicle’s brands that will be purchased by a consumer. The study also tries to analyze the traffic accident data to find out is there any link between the occurrence of an accident to a certain brand of vehicle. This research implementing data mining method called ‘rule based classification’ to establish the sales of vehicles rules by which can be used to classify consumer into group level of brand loyalty and also estimate the brand of the next vehicle’s brand that will be purchased by the consumer. This research will process the data traffic accident by using data mining techniques called Apriori Method. Apriori Method is used to identify a pattern of accidents based on brand, type of vehicles, and the vehicle’s color. The results are used to estimate whether there is any correlation between the occurrences of a traffic accident to a particular brand. The result can help companies or vehicle dealers to obtain information about the level of the consumer’s brand loyalty to the dealer’s brand and to predict the brand that the consumer would be buy for the next vehicle. The result can also help the Police Department to find out whether there is any correlation between the occurrence of traffic accidents to the brand, type and the color of vehicle. Keywords— rule based classification, apriori, brand loyalty, traffic accident.
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Chang, Li-Yen, and Fred L. Mannering. "Predicting Vehicle Occupancies from Accident Data: An Accident Severity Approach." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1635, no. 1 (January 1998): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1635-13.
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Past studies have shown that using accident records to estimate vehicle occupancies (i.e., using the observed occupancies of vehicles involved in accidents) results in an overestimation of occupancy. There are a number of possible reasons for this, one of which is that multioccupant accidents are more likely to be reported (i.e., appear in an accident database) because, with more people, the possibility of an injury is greater. The interaction between vehicle occupancy and accident severity is used to develop a method to correct for the occupancy overestimation bias inherent in accident data. A nested logit model of occupancy and severity is estimated, and a correction technique is applied to eliminate biases. The results show that the proposed approach gives accurate predictions of vehicle occupancies using standard accident data.
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Manap, Norhafizah, Muhamad Nazri Borhan, Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat Yazid, Mohd Khairul Azman Hambali, and Asyraf Rohan. "Identification of Hotspot Segments with a Risk of Heavy-Vehicle Accidents Based on Spatial Analysis at Controlled-Access Highway." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 1487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031487.
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Significant risk factors that influence the occurrence of heavy vehicle accidents have been explored in numerous studies in order to lower injury severity in traffic accidents. It is imperative to explore road sections with a high risk of heavy vehicle accident occurrence by considering the significant consequences of such accidents for road users, despite the low number of heavy vehicles in traffic flow. To address this, this study proposes a method to predict clustering hotspots for heavy vehicle accidents on the basis of three different criteria, namely, heavy vehicle accident cases, the number of heavy vehicles involved, and accident severity index values. Moran’s I spatial autocorrelation was employed to identify the clustering for each criterion, and the Getis–Ord Gi* statistic was applied to estimate the likelihood of risk along the network. This study considers the features of hotspot points at significance levels from 0.10 to 0.01 with a 1355 m buffer radius to create segments for each criterion. The three criteria for hotspots were considered within the overlapped buffer zone. A total of 22 heavy vehicle risk segments (HVRSs) were identified and then ranked by crash rate. Overall, this study demonstrates the application of different criteria to identify accident hotspots involving a specific vehicle type, which could help in prioritizing segments with a high risk of heavy vehicle accidents, as well as providing information for HVRSs for the purpose of developing appropriate countermeasures for the identified accident hotspots.
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Prentkovskis, Olegas, Edgar Sokolovskij, and Vilius Bartulis. "INVESTIGATING TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS: A COLLISION OF TWO MOTOR VEHICLES." TRANSPORT 25, no. 2 (June 30, 2010): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2010.14.
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Traffic safety may be ensured by normal operation of all elements of the system, including the driver, a motor vehicle and transportation medium. Insufficient safety of some particular elements of this system (the lack of discipline of the participants of traffic, poor technical state of a motor vehicle or road, etc.) are the main causes of traffic accidents. Statistical data on traffic accidents in 2000–2009 in Lithuania is presented. Collisions of motor vehicles in 2009 make one of the largest proportion of all traffic accidents ‐ 33.4%. In 2009 drivers, were the main traffic accident perpetrators ‐ 73.6%. The paper considers some major aspects of motor vehicle collision simulation based on the application of PC‐CRASH software, allowing researchers to analyze the changes in the direction of motor vehicle motion in the case of a collision and the influencing factors. This type of traffic accident simulation consists in studying the circumstances of collision, reconstructing the processes, calculating the pre‐impact speed of motor vehicles and deter‐ mining various parameters of motor vehicles’ movement at different stages of traffic accident development.
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Török, Árpád. "A Novel Approach in Evaluating the Impact of Vehicle Age on Road Safety." Promet - Traffic&Transportation 32, no. 6 (November 10, 2020): 789–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v32i6.3441.
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This study examines the correlation between road accident casualties and the age of the vehicle, assuming that the age of vehicles and the improvements in their safety designs are related. The study evaluates the impact of the interrelationship between road segment characteristics and road accident type on vehicle age at the time of the accident (AVC). To analyse the nested relationship between these variables, a multinomial logistic regression (MML) model has been developed. The result of the analysis also duly finds that vehicle age has an emphatic role in the occurrence of accidents.
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Qu, Huiyan, Wenhui Li, and Wei Zhao. "Human-Vehicle Collision Detection Algorithm Based on Image Processing." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 08 (November 27, 2019): 2055015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420550150.
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In recent years, with the growth of China’s economy and the development of the automobile manufacturing industry, the number of various vehicles has continuously increased, and the incidence of traffic accidents has also increased. Especially in traffic blind areas, right-turning areas of vehicles, etc., traffic accidents such as vehicle collisions are extremely easy to occur, which poses a serious threat to people’s lives and property, and is extremely harmful. Therefore, related research on collision detection of people and vehicles has been traffic-safe and has received extensive attention from field researchers. At present, the research on human-vehicle collision detection is to detect human-vehicle collision accidents by tracking the track of vehicles and pedestrians, but there are problems such as poor tracking effect, low accuracy of collision discrimination and complex algorithms. Aiming at these problems, this paper studies the human-vehicle collision detection algorithm based on image processing. Through the image processing of traffic monitoring video, the vehicle and pedestrian contour information is extracted. Based on this, a mathematical model for collision detection is constructed to realize human-vehicle collision detection. The results show that the proposed method can effectively distinguish the collision between pedestrians and vehicles, and the algorithm for image processing is simpler than the traditional tracking algorithm, and the time is shorter. The results show that the image-based collision detection algorithm based on image processing can effectively and quickly identify the traffic accidents in which people and vehicles collide, and then can issue alarm signals in time, shortening the accident processing time and reducing the accident time. The possibility of a secondary accident has a high practicability in the detection of traffic accidents in which people and vehicles collide.
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Arthanareeswaran, Jeyashree, Bavithra Karunanidhi, Sowmiya Muruganantham, Archana Dhamodharan, and Subash Kumar Chellappan Swarnamma. "Automatic Vehicle Accident Indication and Reporting System for Road Ways Using Internet of Things." International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering 11, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.110307.
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In India, transport becomes a basic commodity of daily life. As transportation starts increasing, safety has become a major concern for consumers. This paper mainly aims at reducing the fatalities caused due to accidents occurring in roadways. In general, many lives could be saved if emergency service could get accurate accident location and rescue the injured people at the minimum possible time. The Internet of Things has revlontinsed the modern world in recent times. As Global Positioning System has become an integral part of any vehicle system, this effective method is utilized to monitor the location of vehicles and send accident locations to an Accidents Monitoring and Rescue Services Centre (AMRSC) using GSM. The Accelerometer located in the vehicle system gives the live status of the vehicle position while the vehicle is in motion. Whenever an accident occurs, the signal from the accelerometer is fed to the controller. The Node MCU controller is programmed to check whether the accident has occurred and given the information to the user and AMRSC as soon as possible. Now, the system will also send the accident location acquired from the GPS along with the vehicle details through the GSM network to AMRSC. After receiving the alert message from the infected user vehicle system, the rescue team will reach the accident location as soon as possible by reading the data from the server.
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Perumal, B., E. Naveen Kumar, P. Deepthi, and K. Bhavana. "Safety Road Travelling System with Connected Vehicles." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.b5995.0710221.
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Now a days we had seen so many Road accident cases are occurring and also increasing day by day. According to the statics of World Health Organization (WHO) 20-50 billion people were losing their life due to these accidents. To avoid these problems we came up with a proposed system called connected vehicles. Vehicle to Vehicle communication is a wireless broadcast that transmits the data between the connected vehicles. The main motive of this connected vehicles is safe travelling without any obstacles between the vehicles. Road accidents are the serious issues for human life for both individuals as well as the economic aspects. So our proposed system “Connected Vehicles” will reduce the accident cases by communicating with the nearer vehicles and shares the necessary information regarding the accidents cases to nearer vehicles.
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Nassar, S. A., F. F. Saccomanno, and J. H. Shortreed. "Road accident severity analysis: a micro level approach." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 5 (October 1, 1994): 847–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-090.
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A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between road accident occurrence and severity of consequences permits the formulation of safety measures that are most cost-effective. A disaggregate model of road accident severity based on sequential logit models is presented. The sequential binary approach is able to account for the dependency between different levels of severity. Factors that affect the level of damage experienced by individuals involved in road accidents include the following: accident dynamics, seating position, vehicle condition, vehicle size, driver condition, and driver action. Separate models are calibrated for three accident situations: single-vehicle accidents, two-vehicle accidents, and multi-vehicle accidents. Ontario road accident police reports are used to calibrate and validate the models. The results of a simple application of the models to a safety protocol involving the effectiveness of passenger restraint devices are presented. Key words: road accident severity, personal injury, logit.
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Palazón-Bru, Antonio, María José Prieto-Castelló, David Manuel Folgado-de la Rosa, Ana Macanás-Martínez, Emma Mares-García, María de los Ángeles Carbonell-Torregrosa, Vicente Francisco Gil-Guillén, Antonio Cardona-Llorens, and Dolores Marhuenda-Amorós. "Development, and Internal, and External Validation of a Scoring System to Predict 30-Day Mortality after Having a Traffic Accident Traveling by Private Car or Van: An Analysis of 164,790 Subjects and 79,664 Accidents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (December 18, 2020): 9518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249518.
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Predictive factors for fatal traffic accidents have been determined, but not addressed collectively through a predictive model to help determine the probability of mortality and thereby ascertain key points for intervening and decreasing that probability. Data on all road traffic accidents with victims involving a private car or van occurring in Spain in 2015 (164,790 subjects and 79,664 accidents) were analyzed, evaluating 30-day mortality following the accident. As candidate predictors of mortality, variables associated with the accident (weekend, time, number of vehicles, road, brightness, and weather) associated with the vehicle (type and age of vehicle, and other types of vehicles in the accident) and associated with individuals (gender, age, seat belt, and position in the vehicle) were examined. The sample was divided into two groups. In one group, a logistic regression model adapted to a points system was constructed and internally validated, and in the other group the model was externally validated. The points system obtained good discrimination and calibration in both the internal and the external validation. Consequently, a simple tool is available to determine the risk of mortality following a traffic accident, which could be validated in other countries.
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Lin, Qing Feng, Bo Cheng, and Guang Quan Lu. "Analysis of Characteristics of Vehicle-Bicycle/Pedestrian Conflicts Using Video Drive Recorder." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 4413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.4413.
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Vehicle to pedestrian/bicycle accidents account for a large proportion of traffic accidents in China. In order to study the characteristics of vehicle to pedestrian/bicycle conflicts, 50 taxis are chosen as the test vehicles. A field-test was conducted using video driver recorder in Beijing for one year. A large amount of traffic conflict and accident data was collected in real driving environment. Considering the factors including conflict type, conflict time, conflict location, traffic control and conflict speed etc., the traffic conflict characteristics of vehicle to pedestrian/bicycle were analyzed. The results might contribute to the road safety management, road design and accident prevention technology.
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Nikam, Sachin. "Design and Fabrication of Safety Impact Guard." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VIII (August 14, 2021): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37308.
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Death due to Accidents are greater than natural disaster and terror attack in India. One of the most injurious cases is the crash between car and heavy vehicle. Every year lacks of passengers are killed due to road accidents in which 8% are due to heavy vehicles. Road accident causes loss of life and also property. Accidents can not be avoided completely but the impact force is decreased by application of Design and Fabrication of safety impact guard. Safety impact guard is protecting device used to reduce collision impact at rear end of heavy vehicle when accident occurs.
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Yang, Bo, and Li Na Zhang. "Prediction Method of Motor Vehicle Traffic Accident Based on Support Vector Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 631-632 (September 2014): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.631-632.284.
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With the rapid development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, there are more and more vehicles in China, with the increase of traffic accidents. In this paper, by analyzing the factors of social influence on motor vehicle traffic accident, we establish the index system, that is corresponding relationship of motor vehicle traffic accident and factors of social influence, According to this index system, design of motor vehicle traffic accident prediction method based on SVM. Based on the statistical data of social factors and motor vehicle traffic accident in 1985-2012 in china, to train the SVM model, at the same time, the kernel function and parameters of SVM used were setting and compared. The experimental results show that, the accuracy of the use of the RBF function is 97.2%, predicted by using time 95ms, with higher accuracy and faster computing speed.
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Xu, Hai Hua, and Guang Fu Li. "Research on the Methods of Accident Vehicle Safety Performance Technological Identification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 505-506 (January 2014): 310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.505-506.310.
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With the rapid development of the automobile industry and transport, the increasing traffic accidents have become the serious problems for the traffic management. The important issue that we how to deal with the traffic accidents scientifically and make an accurate identification about the traffic accidents is badly in need of solving. Based on the current situation and research methods of traffic accidents at home and abroad, this paper illustrates the research on accident vehicle safety performance technology identification from one of factors causing traffic accidents-vehicles, which makes the identification for the accident vehicles about the operation process. The selection and process of identification items and information record will be strictly controlled to make the work quality and efficiency improve greatly.
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Murray, Will, and Tony Whiteing. "Reducing commercial vehicle accidents through accident databases." Logistics Information Management 8, no. 3 (June 1995): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09576059510091643.
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Zheng, Y. M., Y. R. He, X. R. Wang, and Q. J. Chen. "ACQUISITION AND ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT SCENE INFORMATION BASED ON LASER POINT CLOUD." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W10 (February 7, 2020): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w10-423-2020.
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Abstract. With the rapid development of the economy, the number of vehicles in China has increased rapidly, which has also brought about frequent ills in traffic accidents. How to improve the efficiency of on-site treatment of traffic accidents, and quickly and accurately conduct accident investigation and analysis is imminent. This paper was based on the point cloud to draw the accident scene DLG, and then used the local elevation difference method to automatically extract the point cloud data of the accident vehicle, and analyzes the vehicle speed calculation, the damage area measurement and the road surface flatness, as well as constructs the overall 3D scene of the accident scene. By analyzing the DLG of accident scene, the point cloud data and the constructed 3D model, which could quickly improve the efficiency of traffic accident investigation. The application results show that the method of information collection and rapid exploration of the accident site what based on the laser point cloud not only provides a basis for traffic accident treatment, but also effectively shortens the exploration time of accident site. At the same time, it cloud relieve the traffic congestion in a certain extent with the obvious results.
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Prabu Shankar, K. C., Dhairya Asthana, and Kunik Vidyarthi Chaturvedi. "Golden Hour Emergency Communication Link Using Internet of Things (IOT), ZigBee and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 3497–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9217.
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The use of vehicles becomes important everywhere in the world with an increase in the use of vehicles. There has been a steady increase in accidents as well, vehicle manufacturers are attaining the security features of their products by introducing advanced automated technologies to avoid accidents from occurring but no significant growth has been seen on technologies to implement proper measures to ensure the safety of a person after the accident has occurred. Our solution implements various layers of security measures to prevent an unauthorized person from using a vehicle and at the same time creating a steady communication between accident victims and the emergency responders. Our device uses various sensors to analyze the data live and instantly create a communication between victim and responder which provides detailed information about the intensity of the accident along with the GPS location to increase the possibility of survival in a dire situation.
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Yang, Xiao Long, Ping Li, Tao Lv, and Xue Hua Liao. "Traffic Accident Reconstruction Technology Research." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 946–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.946.
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Based on the virtual simulation theory, we used three-dimensional modeling software to build modeling road facilities (vehicles, trees, street lights, etc.) for simulating the accident environment, and by using OpenGL technology, achieved reading, displaying and controlling the three-dimensional models. This dynamically realized the three-dimensional animated simulation of vehicle movement. Simultaneously we have calculated in progress the simulation of vehicle crash with the basic theory of automobile collision, vehicle collision model and the law of conservation of energy and momentum. Finally, we constructed a flexible platform for the simulation experiment. The platform is enabling to add and update road, trees, street lamps and house on the simulation environment dynamically, and has ability to analysis the traffic accident. This could give an assistant to the handling traffic accidents.
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Quan, Yuan, Xiao Qi Chen, and Yi Bing Li. "An Investigation on Speedometer Pointer Residual-Value of Crashing Vehicle and its Application in Accident Reconstruction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (January 2012): 1177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.1177.
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According to the experience of traffic accident investigation over the years, the pointer of some crashed vehicles’ speedometer will stay in one place because of collision spread or heavily vibration, which may indicate the vehicle collision speed. However, the correlation between the residual speed value and actual vehicle collision speed still remains to be examined. For the practical needs of traffic accident reconstruction, this research work is carried out. Based on the principles of traditional speedometers, vehicle impact mechanics and failure mechanism, the damage and failure mode of speedometer in collision are studied. Through the statistics of 15 real traffic accident cases, the features and law about the pointer information of damaged speedometers are obtained initially. As an example, one of these cases is analyzed and calculated to verify the assumption. The availability of the mark information on the indicated place of speedometer after accidents (i.e. the correlation between the speed value of pointers and actual vehicle collision speed) is discussed, which can provide effective means and references for accident reconstruction and vehicle speed identification.
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Sukhorukova, M. A., and A. L. Ivannikov. "Vehicle accident risk assessment in mines." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 6-1 (May 20, 2020): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-61-0-224-232.
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The problem of ensuring the safety of modern production is one of the most important. An increase in mineral production and the development of technology lead to an increase in the number of mechanized equipment used in mining enterprises. Transport, in turn, is one of the main factors leading to industrial accidents. The article analyzes the risk of such accidents at large mining enterprises. The share of accidents related to the use of vehicles increases every year and makes up about 25 % of the total number. A mine with annual production of more than 5 million tons of ore was selected as a research model. The risk probability of vehicle accidents in the absence of traffic control was determined. A technique that allows you to take into account the available statistical data on the frequencies and probabilities of possible adverse events, which may be the cause of accidents with vehicles, was chosen to assess risks. Cases of transportation of both ordinary and dangerous goods are considered. The authors determined the probability of accidents for various scenarios and types of vehicles when transporting conventional and dangerous goods, taking into account the lack of traffic light regulation at the interfaces of mining operations. In each case, several possible scenarios for the occurrence of accidents are analyzed. The results of calculations of vehicle accident risks in case of fire and explosion of dangerous cargo are presented. The probability of a collision between one vehicle and another, as well as the probability of a collision when traffic flows on the interfaces, has been established. As a result of the calculation, it was found that the risk of accidents in all cases was acceptable even taking into account deviations from the requirements of the Federal norms and rules in the field of industrial safety. The effectiveness of traffic control to reduce the risk of accidents is planned to be evaluated in further studies. This method allows us to assess the risks of accidents when justifying the safety of mines.
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Vida, Gábor, and Péter Váradi. "Irregular operation of autonomous vehicles." Production Engineering Archives 20, no. 20 (September 1, 2018): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30657/pea.2018.20.02.
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Abstract Today, with the spread of autonomous functions in vehicles, the role accountability for causing accidents is emphasized. Self-guided functions work in certain traffic situations, but accidents happen, and, therefore, the following article presents an analysis of the issue. Its purpose is to show that vehicles with self-drive functionality do not provide the driver's level of safety that vehicle manufacturers suggest. In this article, four recent events and an analysis whether these accidents could have been avoided a human driver or how they could have happened with appropriate self-drive function. In each of the investigated cases, vehicles equipped with self-drive function are involved. Based on the evaluation and assessment of accidents, conclusions are drawn whether current self-propelled vehicles provide the safety level that drivers and society expect from these vehicles. The reconstruction of the accident process is illustrated with the help of a vehicle simulation program, with the resultant parameters being given a special emphasis, in particular to the avoidance of the accident.
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Deme, Debela. "Road Traffic Accident in Ethiopia from 2007/08-2017/18." American International Journal of Sciences and Engineering Research 2, no. 2 (June 14, 2019): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijser.v2i2.90.
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Traffic accident increased periodically in alarming rate and it was a serious problem throughout the globe particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. This research concerns on Analyzing Road Traffic Accident in Ethiopia from 2007/08-2017/18. The main objective of the study was to investigate the growth rate of road traffic accident, road network coverage and motorized vehicle, and relationship between them in the past elven (11) year. In order to address the required objective the study use secondary data collected from Ethiopia federal police commission, Ethiopia road authority and Ethiopia federal transport authority. Basically, descriptive and inferential statistical analysis approach was used to analyze the data. The finding of the study revealed that; in the past eleven year more than 291577 Road traffic accident, 912956km road network and 681000 motorized vehicles were developed. Due to Road traffic accident Ethiopia loses around 36.3 billion birr (estimated 1.3 billion $ in current exchange rate of 28 birr for 1$) in the past eleven (11) year in Ethiopia. In average annually Ethiopia loses around 0.9% of budget due to traffic accident in the past eleven year. Average annual growth rate of road traffic accident, road network development and motorized vehicle were 9.16%, 10.81% and 13.34% respectively. In Ethiopia in the past eleven (11) years more than 276491 road traffic accidents, 912956km road network and 681000 number of motorized vehicle were newly introduced since 2007/08 in the study period. The variation on road traffic accident, road network coverage in km and motorized vehicle between commencement of study period (2007/08) or Ethiopia millennium (2000E.C) with end of the study period (2017/18) were estimated around 25914, 82414 and 563003 respectively. Finally, the study intend that road traffic accident had no direct or indirect relation with growth of motorized vehicle and road network coverage in Ethiopia. To curb the problem faced due to road traffic accident the government and other stakeholder must careful the issues to minimize road traffic accidents in Ethiopia.
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Khaliq, Kishwer Abdul, Omer Chughtai, Abdullah Shahwani, Amir Qayyum, and Jürgen Pannek. "Road Accidents Detection, Data Collection and Data Analysis Using V2X Communication and Edge/Cloud Computing." Electronics 8, no. 8 (August 14, 2019): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8080896.
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With the improvement in transportation infrastructure and in-vehicle technology in addition to a meteoric increase in the total number of commercial and non-commercial vehicles on the road, traffic accidents may occur, which usually cause a high death toll. More than half of these deaths occur due to a delayed response by medical care providers and rescue authorities. The chances of survival of an accident victim could increase drastically if immediate medical assistance is provided at an accident location. This work proposes a low-cost accident detection and notification system, which utilizes a multi-tier IoT-based vehicular environment; principally, it uses V2X Communication and Edge/Cloud computing. In this work, vehicles are equipped with an On-Board Unit (OBU) in addition to mechanical sensors (accelerometer, gyroscope) for reliable accident detection along with a Global Positioning System (GPS) module for identification of accident location. In addition to this, a camera module is implanted on the vehicle to capture the moment when an accident takes place. In order to facilitate inter-vehicle communication (IVC), OBU in each vehicle incorporates a wireless networking interface. Once an accident occurs, a vehicle detects it and generates an alert message. It then sends the message along with the accident location to an intermediate device, placed at the edge of the vehicular network, and therefore called an edge device. Upon receiving the notification, this edge device finds the nearest hospital and makes a request for an ambulance to be dispatched immediately. It also performs some preprocessing of data and effectively acts as a bridge between the sensors installed inside the vehicle and the distant server deployed in the cloud. A significant issue that the traffic authorities are currently facing is the real-time visualization of data obtained through such environments. Wireless interfaces are usually capable of forwarding real-time sensor data; however, this feature is not yet commercially available in the OBU of the vehicle; therefore, practical implementation is carried out using the Internet of things (IoT) in order to create a network among the vehicles, the edge node, and the central server. By performing analysis on the adequate acquired data of road accidents, the constructive plans of action can be devised that may limit the death toll. In order to assist the relevant authorities in performing wholesome analysis of refined and reliable data, a dynamic front-end visualization is proposed, which is hosted in the cloud. The generated charts and graphs help the personnel at relevant organizations to make appropriate decisions based on the conclusive analysis of processed and stored data.
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Nath, Srisaila. "Congestion Control for Medical Emergency with Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Using IoT." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VIII (August 15, 2021): 805–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37490.
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Traffic is a huge trouble which takes place after an accident. Vehicles in the accident area get congested, moreover without knowing about the accident, vehicles coming from the other roads make the situation difficult for the ambulance to travel and reach the nearest hospital on time. So keeping those problems in mind, an approach that will be able to avoid series of collision and also can control traffic jam using vehicle to vehicle communication.
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Lin, Li, and Ting Ting Lv. "The Analysis and Research of Traffic Accident Velocity Based on C#." Applied Mechanics and Materials 505-506 (January 2014): 1137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.505-506.1137.
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In the process of the traffic accidents confirmation, the identification of vehicle speed when accident occurred is often an important basis for accident confirmation. The paper firstly discusses the models of mechanics and solving method for the vehicle front face, rear end, sides face ,slanted side collision based on the theory of collision mechanics ,it describes how to identify the vehicle rate and collision angle based on the model simplification, the theoretical analysis for dealing with the complicated accidents. The common and formulas are studied based on the classical collision mechanics method. The application range, parameters involved in selection and influence of the formulas are analyzed in detail. Finally the program based on C# is developed according to the identified calculation process for vehicle speed of traffic accident. The vehicle speed is obtained by selecting the collision type, entering the relevant accident pattern, inputting the parameters and clicking the command button .The application can store, modify and display results conveniently , improve efficiency on vehicle speed identification effectively and reduce the processing cycle of traffic accident availably.
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Pelenyte-Vyšniauskiene, Lina, and Algirdas Jurkauskas. "RESEARCH INTO OCCUPANT'S MOTION IN VEHICLES DURING CRASHES." TRANSPORT 19, no. 4 (August 31, 2004): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2004.9637974.
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Traffic accidents depend on many factors and circumstances. Important data are registered by taking photos of the accident place, measuring the deformations of vehicles and skidding and sliding traces. Weather conditions, drivers’ and pedestrian's actions are also taken into account. However the existing data are far from sufficient to conduct a research into traffic accidents. In such cases mathematical modelling and the application of computer programs are very helpful. This article deals with the processes during the collision of vehicles as well as the occupant's dynamics inside the vehicle. The research studies on what the occupant motion depends and what is the power balance between the occupant and safety means. The article offers a way of evaluating injuries, measuring the occupants’ acceleration and velocity, taking into account different distances inside the vehicle during an accident.
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Swischuk, Leonard E. "Motor Vehicle Accident." Pediatric Emergency Care 24, no. 1 (January 2008): 60–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pec.0b013e3181603353.
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SWISCHUK, LEONARD E. "Motor vehicle accident." Pediatric Emergency Care 8, no. 5 (October 1992): 293–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-199210000-00012.
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SWISCHUK, LEONARD E. "Motor vehicle accident." Pediatric Emergency Care 12, no. 4 (August 1996): 305–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-199608000-00018.
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Navarro-Michel, Mónica. "La aplicación de la normativa sobre accidentes de tráfico a los causados por vehículos automatizados y autónomos = Aapplication of road traffic regulations to accidents caused by automated and autonomous vehicles." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 12, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 941. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2020.5231.
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Resumen: La industria automovilística está trabajando para incrementar la seguridad de los vehículos a través de su automatización, con la idea de llegar al vehículo complemente autónomo. La Unión Europea fomenta la adopción de infraestructuras conectadas para promocionar el despliegue de los vehículos automatizados. Este trabajo tiene por objeto revisar la legislación actualmente vigente de responsabilidad civil derivada de accidentes de tráfico, para ver cómo se aplicará cuando se vea involucrado un vehículo automatizado o autónomo. Si resulta inadecuada, será necesario introducir cambios legislativos, y presento las reformas hechas a las leyes de accidentes de circulación en Alemania y el Reino Unido, que pueden servir como modelo.Palabras clave: vehículos autónomos, vehículos automatizados, vehículos conectados, responsabilidad civil, accidentes de tráfico.Abstract: The car industry is working to increase vehicle safety through automation, aiming for the self-driving vehicle. The European Union encourages the adoption of connected infrastructures to promote automated vehicles. This paper aim to review the current civil liability legislation as it applies to traffic accidents, to see how it would be applied when an automated or autonomous vehicle is involved. If it is inadequate, it will be necessary to introduce legislative changes, and I describe the amendments made to traffic accident laws in Germany and the United Kingdom, which may be used as a model.Keywords: autonomous vehicles, automated vehicles, connected vehicles, civil liability, traffic accidents.
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Ayres, T. J., E. C. Lau, R. A. Schmidt, and D. E. Young. "Operator Experience and Accident Risk." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 18 (October 1996): 947–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604001818.
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It has long been recognized that the risk of operating motor vehicles declines as operator experience increases, even when operator age is deconfounded. In this paper, causal analyses of accidents involving all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are reviewed in order to explore the role of experience in accident patterns. Factor attributions made by evaluators from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission were sorted according to the reported ATV experience of the person operating each vehicle at the time of an accident. Counter to some expectations, the proportion of accidents attributed at least in part to each major category (e.g., operator, mechanical, or environmental factors) did not change appreciably with operator experience. In addition, most of the proportions attributed to each of a series of possible operator-related factors did not change, with several generally expected exceptions. Implications for understanding and reducing accidents are considered.
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Al-Shara, Kader. "Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection Based on GSM System." Iraqi Journal for Computers and Informatics 43, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25195/ijci.v43i2.58.
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The evolution of technology has increased the rate of traffic accidents that occurs frequently causing loss of lifeand property. Therefore, the automatic traffic monitoring system gradually attracted the attention of researchers in improvingtraffic safety through the field of intelligent transport systems. In this paper, a cost-effective approach based on GSM systemfor automatic traffic incident detection is proposed. This paper provides an optimal solution to reduce the death rate by usingthe vibration sensor and GSM system; the implementation system is based on hardware (circuits) and software to build agraphical user interface (GUI) using LabView TM to process the data. Sensors are installed into the vehicles on each side ofthe vehicle. An SMS will be sent to the user after the accident. This system will assist in search and rescue vehicle involved inthe accident.
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Steiner, Wolfgang, Eva Maria Schöll, Friedrich Leisch, and Klaus Hackländer. "Temporal patterns of roe deer traffic accidents: Effects of season, daytime and lunar phase." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): e0249082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249082.
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Wildlife-related accidents, especially deer-vehicle accidents, pose a serious problem for road safety and animal protection in many countries. Knowledge of spatial and temporal patterns of deer-vehicle accidents is inevitable for accident analysis and mitigation efforts with temporal deer-vehicle accident data being much more difficult to obtain in sufficient data quality. We described the temporal patterns of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) roadkills occurring in the period 2002–2006 in southeastern Austria. Using a comprehensive dataset, consisting of 11.771 data points, we examined the influence of different time units (i.e. season, month, day of week, day of year), illumination categories (coarse and fine temporal resolution) and lunar phases on deer-vehicle accidents by performing linear and generalized additive models. Thereby, we identified peak accident periods within the analyzed time units. Highest frequencies of deer-vehicle accidents occurred in November, May and October, on Fridays, and during nights. Relationships between lunar phases and roe deer-vehicle accidents were analysed, providing evidence for high frequencies of deer-vehicle accidents during full moon phases. We suggest that deer-vehicle accidents are dependent both on human activity in traffic and wildlife activity, which is in turn affected by phenology, intra- and interspecific competition, climatic and astronomical events. Our results highlight, that short-term mitigation measures (e.g. traffic controls and speed limits) can be highly effective to reduce deer-vehicle accidents, but should be flexibly adapted to specific temporal periods.
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Zhang, Lei, Wen Hu Qin, Tie Jun He, and Wei Nong Li. "Special Considerations for TDOA Application to the Reconstruction of Traffic Accidents." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 4090–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.4090.
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Investigation at scene is the key issue to Scene Traffic Accident Reconstruction(TAR). Although the photogrammetry technique is widely applied in China due to its convenience and lower cost, it can only provide the final state of the traffic accidents. In this paper, a novel method based on the time difference of arrival (TDOA) technique was proposed to monitor the location of the vehicles passing the accident-prone section on the highway. The methodology of application of TDOA to the Traffic accident scene investigation was proposed, and the arrangement of sensors on the accident-prone sections of the selected freeway is discussed. Based on the coordinates collected by TDOA receivers, real-time position of the each vehicle moving on the accident-prone section could be extracted respectively and when the accidents happen, the traces of the vehicles involved would be obtained. It could be concluded that this method is important supplement to photogrammetry technique during accident scene investigation and could make the forensic judgment of accident responsibility more accurate.
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Chen, Qiang, Hong-Guo Xu, Xiao-Feng Liu, and Zhi-Wei Guan. "Application of Plane Homography for Vehicle Speed Calculations in Traffic Accident Investigations." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (February 10, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8853331.
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The analysis of vehicle speeds at the moment of traffic accidents is becoming increasingly important. To solve difficult calculations arising from video analysis when the shooting direction of the camera is the same as the driving direction of the vehicles, an improved plane homography method is proposed. This method is based on detecting the frame rate of and extracting all of the key image frames from a surveillance video. Next, a normalizing approach for the control points is proposed to reduce the ill-conditions of matrix calculations when the perspective image is rectified to an orthographic image. The information in the rectified image is then measured and recorded by extracting the mark point information. Finally, the corresponding curve of time and speed for the examined vehicle is created, which can be used to analyze the average braking deceleration of the accident-causing vehicle. This method can directly determine the speed of a vehicle using videos of a traffic accident without any reference to the dimensions of the vehicle itself. Considering an actual traffic accident as an example, the driving trajectories and velocity curves for two vehicles are obtained using this method. The proposed method can effectively overcome the shortcomings of the commonly used speed recognition methods and it is easy to utilize.
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Pradeep. R, Mr Nale. "Automated Pneumatic Braking and Bumper System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 3305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37111.
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Automobiles have been used to move human beings or things and the automobile technology has been developed within the last few years. The traffic accidents are increasing as automobile production has been increasing. The number of casualties during the vehicle accidents is very large as compared to the other causes of death. It is important to prevent accidents and to protect the driver and pedestrian when accidents occur. Though there are different causes for these accidents but proper technology of braking system and technology to reduce the damage during accident (such as pneumatic bumper system) can be effective on the accident rates. Therefore, pre-crashing system is demanded. Automotive safety has gained an increasing amount of interest from the general public, governments, and the car industry. The pre-crash system is to prevent accidents on roads with poor visibility by using sensor network to find invisible vehicles, which are to be detected by autonomous on-vehicle sensors. The pre-crashing system is processing the sensor data and controlling the vehicle to prevent accidents and accidents caused by careless driving. The pneumatic system is simple and easy in operation and hence can be used in automation industry.
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Duan, Xiaohong, Shouxin Song, and Jiandong Zhao. "Emergency Vehicle Dispatching and Redistribution in Highway Network Based on Bilevel Programming." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/731492.
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Response time is a key factor in the emergency vehicle dispatching problem. Because regional emergency vehicles are limited, vehicle gaps will be created in the rescue station after vehicles are dispatched to several accidents, which affects quick response to the subsequent incidents. To solve this problem, a bilevel programming model for emergency vehicle dispatching and redistribution is established, of which the optimal objectives are the shortest rescue time for current accidents and the shortest time for vehicle redistribution, and the key constraints are emergency vehicle requirements and accident time windows. In the precondition of effective rescue of current accidents, emergency vehicles are redistributed according to the potential risks in the rescue station coverage area. A bilevel shuffled frog leaping algorithm is proposed to solve the bilevel programming model. The dispatching results of examples show that the model conforms to dispatching decision rule and the bilevel shuffled frog leaping algorithm can resolve the bilevel programming model fast and efficiently.
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Zhu, Lian, Linjun Lu, Wenying Zhang, Yurou Zhao, and Meining Song. "Analysis of Accident Severity for Curved Roadways Based on Bayesian Networks." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (April 12, 2019): 2223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082223.
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Crashes that occur on curved roadways are often more severe than straight road accidents. Previously, most studies focused on the associations between curved sections and roadway geometric characteristics. In this study, significant factors such as driver behavior, roadway features, vehicle factors, and environmental characteristics are identified and involved in analyzing traffic accident severity. Bayesian network analysis was conducted to deal with data, to explore the associations between variables, and to make predictions using these relationships. The results indicated that factors including point of impact, site of location, accident side of road, alcohol/drugs condition, etc., are relatively critical in crashes on horizontal curves. Accident severity increases when crashes occur on bridges. The sensitivity of accident severity to vehicle use, traffic control, point of impact, and alcohol/drugs condition is relatively high. Moreover, a combination of negative factors will aggravate accident severities. The results also proposed some suggestions regarding the design of vehicles, as well as the construction and improvement of curved roadways.
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Dr. Vivak, Dr Rajapraveen, Dr Swati Sah,. "ACCIDENT DETECTION SYSTEM USING IOT BASED CLOUD COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY." INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, no. 1 (March 18, 2021): 1379–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i1.280.
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The increase of accidents is due to dynamic traffic conditions on roads in day-to-day life. we proposed an accident detection system model on IoT and cloud. In this scenario, we suggest a model for accident detection, which will demonstrate crash avoidance and braking systems for the area of Adhoc vehicle networks such as the intelligent transport System, which focuses on road safety and communication between on road vehicles.
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Rifai, Andri Irfan, and Finsa Aziz Fernanda. "Influence on The Level Riders Motorcycle Accident Traffic with Traffic Methods of Conflict Technique (TCT) (Case Study: Jalan Raya Narogong Bekasi City)." Journal of World Conference (JWC) 2, no. 2 (March 31, 2020): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/prd.v2i2.213.
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The increasing number of traffic accidents can be caused by drivers, vehicles, highways, and the environment. In Indonesia, traffic accidents become one of the problems in the transportation sector. Prevention is done during this time to anticipate accidents only based on the data of the accident quantity that has occurred. Though factors or incidents that can cause accidents to become the biggest contributor in the event of accidents. For example, driving a vehicle in an unorderly manner, the pace of the vehicle with the above-average velocity set traffic rules, and sudden vehicle maneuvers. This research is done by identifying and analyzing the behavior of motorcyclists who affect accidents and applying TCT methods to observation data at points that become potential locations Against accidents. The research location is on the Narogong Highway which is divided into 2 segments. In Segment 1 begins at junction four Cipendawa (after the flyover Simpang Cipendawa) until the junction of the three Gg. Sawo (Bantar Gebang Market). Next, in Segment 2 starts from junction three of Gg. Sawo (Bantar Gebang Market) until the three houses of Vida housing. The results showed that the research location had potential that could cause the accident to be front-side on the first order, collision front-front on the second-order, and side-by-side collision on the third order. The speed of vehicles has an impact on accidents.
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Chai, N. P., W. A. W. Z. Abidin, W. H. W. Ibrahim, and K. Hong Ping. "Technology Advancement in Vehicle Monitoring System for Accident Prevention." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 3 (December 1, 2012): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.99.2012.
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Significant development in urbanized cities causes vehicle ownership to grow with rapid rate. As a result, the saturation of vehicle in dense cities leads to insufficient transportation infrastructure, which causes an increase in road accident occurrences. The condition of vehicle and driver such as poor engine operation system, speeding, reckless driving, drowsy driving, drunken driving are the factors of accidents. Vehicle monitoring system is thus very important to be deployed as an effort for accident prevention to reduce the number of road accidents. This paper reviews the recent progress and development of technologies in vehicle monitoring system for accident prevention. Various technologies in the system include Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographical Information System (GIS), Global System for Mobile (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), image processing, Fuzzy Logic, data fusion and so forth. The issues and challenges in vehicle monitoring system are also presented in this paper.
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Wang, Jianyu, Huapu Lu, Zhiyuan Sun, and Tianshi Wang. "Exploring Factors Influencing Injury Severity of Vehicle At-Fault Accidents: A Comparative Analysis of Passenger and Freight Vehicles." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 1146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041146.
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The objective of this study is to find factors influencing the injury severity of vehicle at-fault accidents in Shenyang (China), and discuss the commonalities and differences between passenger and freight vehicle accidents. We analyzed 1647 traffic accidents from 2015 to 2017, in which motor vehicles were fully or mainly responsible, including 1164 traffic accidents caused by passenger vehicles and 483 traffic accidents caused by freight vehicles. Twenty influencing factors from the aspects of accident, driver, time, space and environmental attributes are analyzed to find their statistical connection with injury severity using the binary logistic regression model. For passenger vehicles, five influencing factors (side collision; illegal act while driving; hit-and-run; season and administrative division), showed statistically significant correlations with the injury severity. For freight vehicles, three influencing factors (illegal act while driving; season and administrative division), showed statistically significant correlations with the injury severity. Illegal act while driving is the only common influencing factor for the injury severity of both passenger and freight vehicle accidents. Side collision and hit-and-run are significant influencing factors for the injury severity of passenger vehicle accidents, but not for freight vehicle accidents. Season and administrative division present different results on influencing passenger and freight vehicle accidents. Based on these results, measures including driver education and road infrastructure improvement could be implemented to reduce the injury severity of accidents in passenger and freight vehicles.
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Risdianto, Yanto, and Lathifah Hanim. "Accountability for Motorized Vehicle Owners Used By Children in Traffic Accidents (Case Study on Supreme Court Decision Number 1029 K / Pid.Sus / 2015)." Jurnal Daulat Hukum 3, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v3i1.8730.
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The formulation of the problem in this study are: 1) parts of criminal liability of the owner of a motorized vehicle whose vehicle was used in a traffic accident Case Study of the Decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1029 K / Pid.Sus / 2015? And 2) how is the legal protection of children as perpetrators in traffic accidents Case Study of the Supreme Court's Decision No. 1029 K / Pid.Sus / 2015?The method used by researchers is juridical sociological legal approach and the specifications in this study are descriptive analytical. The sources and types of data in this study are primary data obtained from interview field studies. And secondary data obtained from literature studies relating to the theory of criminal liability and legal protection.Based on the results of that study The criminal liability of the owner of a motorized vehicle whose vehicle is used in a traffic accident by a child is not held accountable even if only as an inclusion, the child who commits a traffic violation or a traffic crime is the sole offender, even if the motorized vehicle used by permission of an adult, both his parents or other vehicle owners. The legal protection of children as perpetrators in traffic accidents has not been fulfilled as in the Supreme Court Decree No. 1029 K / Pid.Sus / 2015, the vehicle owner who surrendered his vehicle (car) was only made a witness in a traffic accident that resulted in a victim died, and the child became the sole culprit.Keywords: Liability; Criminal; Motorized Vehicles; Children.
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Bu, De Jun, Fu Ju Liu, and Miao Lin. "Vehicle-Pedestrian Accidents Characteristic Analysis and Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 2019–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.2019.
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This paper summarizes the character of vehicle-pedestrian accidents based on the statistics and analysis on the data of vehicle-pedestrian accidents selected from China In-Depth Accident Study (CIDAS) database. Pedestrian Accidents Characteristic is analyzed and studied. It has great significance for improving vehicle safety.
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Suhadi, Imam, and Nuril Mahda Rangkuti. "Analisa Tingkat Keselamatan Lalu Lintas Pada Persimpangan Dengan Metode Traffic Conflict Technique (TCT)." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, BUILDING AND TRANSPORTATION 3, no. 2 (September 10, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jcebt.v3i2.2701.
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<em>Teransportasi is the most important means in a country, the development or absence of a country can be measured from the progress teransportasi existing in a conutry, the problems that many occur in Indonesia is a high traffic accident level, especially at the intersections of every road in Indonesia.Accidents are accidental or unexpected events that result in death, injury, or damage to objects. The outline of the accident is caused by four factors, namely human, vehicle, road and environment.TRAFFIC CONFLICT TECHNIQUE (TCT) is a method of observation conducted by collecting accidents that almost happened and see the pettern of the occurrence of accidents. Traffic Conflict Technique (TCT) developed by Departeman of traffic planning and engineering di Lund University di Swedia. Time to Accident (TA) is the time left since evasive action is done until the time of the collision if the road users do not change the speed of the vehicle and does not change the direction of the speed of the vehicle. The TA value is calculated based on the estimated distance (D) and vehicle speed (V) obtained from the survey results.After doing research with TCT method, it is found that the location of the research has the potential to couse an accident.In other words, this method can be used to improve the safety and comfort of road users, can provide a picture of the point of conflict at the intersection of a potential cause of accidents.</em>
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Xiong, Xiaoxia, Shuichao Zhang, and Lin Guo. "Non-motorized Vehicle Traffic Accidents in China: Analysing Road Users’ Precrash Behaviors and Implications for Road Safety." International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering 11, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.110112.
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The paper aims to explore underlying patterns of non-motorized vehicle (NM, including both regular bicycles and e-bikes) traffic accident occurrences based on precrash behaviors. A quarter-year data of NM accidents was collected by Yinzhou Traffic Police Department of Ningbo, China. Descriptive statistics and Rough Set theory were used to examine rules within different types of NM accidents from temporal, spatial, and behavioral aspects. Some main findings include: behavior patterns of different parties involved vary across different accident types, levels of roads, and intersections; motorized vehicle’s illegal turning as well as NM’s reverse riding are the two key behaviors that deserve concern across all levels of roads and intersection; in addition, for higher level urban roads more attention should be focused on lane violations of motorized vehicles, and for branch roads and intersections prevention efforts could be directed to motorized vehicles’ illegal turning around and NM’s red-light running respectively. Results from this paper could facilitate related staff formulating more targeted policies to make roadways safer.
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Ebenezer Abishek, B., Z. Abdul Hashim, Hari Sai Prasath, C. Arul Stephen, and P. C. Kishore Kumar. "Design of Conformal Microstrip Patch Antenna for Vehicle Tracking." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.27 (August 15, 2018): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.27.17758.
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The road accidents have increased in the urban areas to the level which is alarming. The accidents cause loss of human life which can be avoided if the accident victim is rescued at the earliest and given the necessary treatment. This paper involves the designing of an antenna unit for the purpose of tracking the vehicles met with the accidents. The tracking unit placed in vehicles requires a low profile antenna to be placed on top of the roof of vehicle. The simulation study of this antenna is performed in Feko Suite and validated in CST.
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Bao, Juan, Wei Chen, Zhengtao Xiang, Yufeng Chen, and Yishui Shui. "Effect Analysis of Early Warning for Abandoned Object on Highway Based on Internet-of-Vehicles CA Model." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2018 (2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3821731.
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An early warning on the highway will effectively reduce traffic accidents. Considering the influence of an abandoned object on driving behavior, a Visual-based Asymmetric Two-lane Cellular Automata model with Abandoned Object (V-ATCA-AO) and an Internet-of-Vehicles-based Asymmetric Two-lane Cellular Automata model with Abandoned Object (IoV-ATCA-AO) are proposed. Based on the two models, two types of traffic accidents caused by an abandoned object are analyzed: rear-end collision caused by the abandoned object ahead and collision of the vehicle with the abandoned object. Simulation results show the following: (1) the accidents occur when the road density is smaller, while the accidents will not occur when the density is larger. The results are different from the rear-end collision rate curve without abandoned object in a single lane. (2) Compared with the visual-based avoidance pattern in V-ATCA-AO, the Internet-of-Vehicles-based avoidance pattern in IoV-ATCA-AO can create an early warning for the abandoned object and tell the vehicle to make an earlier lane change and decelerate in advance, thereby significantly reducing the accident rate. (3) Spatiotemporal characteristics in front of the abandoned object directly affect the accident rate: the less the “stability” of a traffic jam in front of the abandoned object, the higher the accident rate.
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Archana, Myaka. "Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 2975–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35670.
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The ascent of technology and infrastructure has created our lives easier. the appearance of technology has conjointly enhanced the traffic hazards and therefore the road accidents ensue ofttimes that causes immense loss of life and property owing to the poor emergency facilities. Our project can give AN optimum resolution to the present flinch. AN measuring device may be utilized in a automobile alarm application in order that dangerous driving may be detected. It may be used as a crash or change detector of the vehicle throughout and when crash. With signals from AN measuring device, a severe accident may be recognized. in step with this project once a vehicle meets with AN accident straight off vibration detector can notice the signal or if a automobile rolls over, and small electro system (MEMS) detector can notice the signal and sends it to ARM controller. Microcontroller sends the alert message through the GSM electronic equipment together with the situation to the police room or a rescue team. therefore the police will straight off trace the situation through GPS electronic equipment, when receiving the data. Then when orthodox the situation necessary action are going to be taken. If the person meets with a little accident or if there's no serious threat to any ones life, then the alert message may be terminated by the motive force by a switch provided so as to avoid wasting the dear time of the medical rescue team. This paper is helpful in police work the accident exactly by suggests that of each vibration detector and small electro system (MEMS) or measuring device. As there's a scope for future implementation we will add a wireless net cam for capturing the photographs which can facilitate in providing drivers help.
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Farrán, José I. "No Turns Allowed: Controlling Vehicles Turning in Front of Light Rail Vehicles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1704, no. 1 (January 2000): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1704-11.
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A key attribute of light rail transit (LRT) is its ability to integrate well into urban environments, sharing the public right-of-way with motor vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians. This characteristic has made LRT very successful in urban corridors that require a high-capacity mode of transportation operating in a shared (on-street or mall) right-of-way environment. Although LRT is an inherently safe mode of transportation, accidents do occur. Such accidents negatively affect not only the parties involved, but also the operation of the entire LRT system and the reputation of the transit property. LRT accident data indicate that the most prevalent type of light rail vehicle (LRV)-motor vehicle accident occurs when motor vehicles turn left or right across LRT tracks and collide with an LRV rapidly approaching the intersection. Five of the most-common types of such accidents are identified, and traffic control devices and techniques are recommended to improve safety by conveying to the motorist the higher level of risk in violating a left or right turn signal prohibition.