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Journal articles on the topic 'Accident prevention Accidents'
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1
Zhong, Xing Run. "Construction Safety Accident Prevention Research Based on 3E Principle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 2867–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.2867.
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Safety accidents occurred frequently in construction process. In order to prevent similar accidents from happening again, It is needed to conduct in-depth analysis of its reasons urgently. Accident prevention is a prior work, the relevance and effectiveness are also important. This paper analyzed the typical construction safety accidents in 2012 from the aspect of engineering, technology and education, combined the principle of accident prevention theory. This paper pointed out that to propose 3E construction safety accident prevention countermeasures from the accident prevention 3E principle can be effective in preventing the construction safety accidents.
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Miller, Larry S., and Ramona Lainhart. "Prevention of Handgun Accidents through Owner Training." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 10, no. 2 (July 1989): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/91xf-fbtn-1eqv-u8q3.
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Government control of handguns for the purpose of reducing the incidence of accidental and/or intentional death and injury has not proven effective. Much of the research concerning accidental death and injury from firearms approaches the problem epidemiologically and identifies the gun as the agent. This study examined “control” of the handgun user through required training which stressed safety and legal use of the handgun. This study examined data involving 294 handgun owners for a five-year time period to determine the effectiveness of handgun training on accident reduction. The results were significant and supported the need for owner training in handgun use to reduce the incidence of accidents.
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SVS, Rajaprasad. "Prediction of fatal accidents in Indian factories based on ARIMA." Production Engineering Archives 18, no. 18 (March 1, 2018): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30657/pea.2018.18.04.
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Abstract The inherent benefits of an accident prevention program are generally known only after an accident has occurred. The purpose of implementation of the program is to minimize the number of accidents and cost of damages. Allocation of resources to implement accident prevention program is vital because it is difficult to estimate the extent of damage caused by an accident. Accurate fatal accident predictions can provide a meaningful data that can be used to implement accident prevention program in order to minimize the cost of accidents. This paper forecast the fatal accidents of factories in India by using Auto-Regressive Integrating Moving Average Method (ARIMA) model. Accident data for the available period 1980 to 2013 was collected from the Labour bureau, Government of India to analyze the long term forecasts. Different diagnostic tests are applied in order to check the adequacy of the fitted models. The results show that ARIMA (0, 0, 1) is suitable model for prediction of fatal injuries. The number of fatal accidents is forecasted for the period 2014 to 2019. These results suggest that the policy makers and the Indian labour ministry must focus attention toward increasing fatal accidents and try to find out the reasons. It is also an opportunity for the policy makers to develop policies which may help in minimizing the number fatal accidents.
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Fernandes, Márcia Astrês, Keyla Maria Pereira de Sousa, Iara Jéssica Barreto Silva, Narlene Fontenelle Basílio da Silva, Ana Virginia Uchoa Prado Paz, and Joyce Soares e. Silva. "Acidentes laborais e a construção coletiva de um protocolo assistencial." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 13, no. 2 (February 9, 2019): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v13i2a235981p511-517-2019.
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RESUMOObjetivo: discorrer sobre a implantação e implementação de um protocolo para atendimento pós-acidente de trabalho com material biológico por perfurocortante. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência. Resultados: iniciou-se em 2013, a implantação do protocolo para atendimento pós-acidente de trabalho com material biológico, a partir do qual passou por várias etapas de implementação. Informa-se que, o fluxograma versa sobre as orientações quanto aos cuidados locais, imediatamente após o acidente, atendimento médico para avaliação da lesão e da exposição, recomendações profiláticas em tempo hábil após exposição, solicitação de sorologias do acidentado e paciente-fonte, quando possível acompanhamento sorológico do acidentado após exposição e emissão da Comunicação de Acidente de Traballho. Conclusão: mostraram-se que, apesar das dificuldades para implementação do protocolo, a experiência foi exitosa e o fluxo de atendimento pós-acidente com material biológico desfruta de diversos avanços importantes para a saúde e segurança dos trabalhadores do hospital universitário em questão. Descritores: Saúde do Trabalhador; Enfermagem; Acidentes de Trabalho; Exposição a Agentes Biológicos; Prevenção de Acidentes; Notificação de Acidente de Trabalho.ABSTRACT Objective: to discuss the deployment and implementation of a protocol for care after occupational accident with biological material from needle-sharp instruments. Method: this is a qualitative, descriptive study, of the experience-report type. Results: in 2013, the deployment of the protocol for care after occupational accident with biological material, from which it passed through various implementation stages. The flowchart describes the guidelines regarding local care, immediately after the accident, medical care to evaluate the lesion and the exposure, prophylactic recommendations in a timely manner after exposure, request for serology of the casualty and patient-source, when possible, serological follow-up of the casualty after exposure and issuance of the Occupational Accident Communication. Conclusion: despite the difficulties for implementing the Protocol, the experience was successful and the flow of the care after accident with biological material includes several important advances for workers’ health and safety at the university hospital in question. Descriptors: Occupational Health; Nursing; Occupational Accidents; Exposure to Biological Agents; Accident Prevention; Occupational Accidents Notification.RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la implantación y aplicación de un protocolo para el cuidado post-accidente laboral con material biológico por perforantes/cortantes. Método: este es un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo del tipo relato de experiencia. Resultados: se inició en 2013, la implementación del protocolo para el cuidado post-accidentes laborales con material biológico, pasando por distintas fases de ejecución. El diagrama de flujo versa sobre las directrices relativas a los cuidados, inmediatamente después del accidente, la asistencia médica para la evaluación de la lesión y de la exposición, la profilaxis con recomendaciones en forma oportuna después de la exposición, la solicitud de serología del accidentado y el paciente-fuente, cuando posible, el seguimiento serológico del accidentado después de la exposición y la emisión de la Comunicación de Accidente Laboral. Conclusión: a pesar de las dificultades para la aplicación del Protocolo, la experiencia fue exitosa y el flujo de atención post-accidente con material biológico incluye varios avances importantes para la seguridad y salud de los trabajadores en el hospital de la universidad en cuestión. Descriptores: Salud Laboral; Enfermería; Accidentes Laborales; Exposición a Agentes Biológicos; Prevención de Accidentes; Notificación de Accidentes Laborales.
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Kilic, Alper, and Emrah Akdamar. "Investigation of Resource Distribution Based on the Relationship Between Accident Regions and Accident Types." International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering 10, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.100607.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between accident types and the regions where the accidents occur, and to examine whether the resources required for accident prevention are distributed appropriately in the accident regions. In the study, the relationship between seven different types of accidents that occurred in seven different regions between the years of 2001-2016 was analyzed through the correspondence analysis. This analysis has been preferred because of its successful applications in various studies on accidents in the literature. As a result of the study, a significant relationship was found between accident types and accident regions, which means accident types vary by regions and there are accident types specific to accident regions. Collision in the Istanbul, grounding in the Canakkale and capsize accidents in the Izmir were determined to be more frequent. These findings are consistent with previous studies. It has been observed that, among regions, there are some imbalances in the distribution of resources used for marine accident response.
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Kilic, Alper, and Emrah Akdamar. "Investigation of Resource Distribution Based on the Relationship Between Accident Regions and Accident Types." International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering 10, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.100607.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between accident types and the regions where the accidents occur, and to examine whether the resources required for accident prevention are distributed appropriately in the accident regions. In the study, the relationship between seven different types of accidents that occurred in seven different regions between the years of 2001-2016 was analyzed through the correspondence analysis. This analysis has been preferred because of its successful applications in various studies on accidents in the literature. As a result of the study, a significant relationship was found between accident types and accident regions, which means accident types vary by regions and there are accident types specific to accident regions. Collision in the Istanbul, grounding in the Canakkale and capsize accidents in the Izmir were determined to be more frequent. These findings are consistent with previous studies. It has been observed that, among regions, there are some imbalances in the distribution of resources used for marine accident response.
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Gupta, Meenu, Vijender Kumar Solanki, and Vijay Kumar Singh. "A Novel Framework to Use Association Rule Mining for classification of traffic accident severity." Ingeniería Solidaria 13, no. 21 (January 1, 2017): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/in.v13i21.1726.
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Introduction: Traffic accidents are an undesirable burden on society. Every year around one million deaths and more than ten million injuries are reported due to traffic accidents. Hence, traffic accidents prevention measures must be taken to overcome the accident rate. Different countries have different geographical and environmental conditions and hence the accident factors diverge in each country. Traffic accident data analysis is very useful in revealing the factors that affect the accidents in different countries. This article was written in the year 2016 in the Institute of Technology & Science, Mohan Nagar, Ghaziabad, up, India. Methology: We propose a framework to utilize association rule mining (arm) for the severity classification of traffic accidents data obtained from police records in Mujjafarnagar district, Uttarpradesh, India. Results: The results certainly reveal some hidden factors which can be applied to understand the factors behind road accidentality in this region. Conclusions: The framework enables us to find three clusters from the data set. Each cluster represents a type of accident severity, i.e. fatal, major injury and minor/no injury. The association rules exposed different factors that are associated with road accidents in each category. The information extracted provides important information which can be employed to adapt preventive measures to overcome the accident severity in Muzzafarnagar district.
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Chen, Long, and Ke Fan Xie. "Analysis of Accident in Electrical Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 459 (January 2012): 492–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.459.492.
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This paper conducts a case statistics analysis of 199 mega-accidents in electrical engineering that occurred in China to examine the causes of the accidents. The paper carries out a classification of the mega-accidents in electrical engineering, and conducts a three-dimensional analysis of the accident risk in electrical engineering. In the three-dimensional of material, organization and individual layers, the dispersion of accidents has certain characteristics. This paper provides analytical support to electrical engineering management and accident prevention, and carries out a typical case analysis
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Wang, Zhiru, Ran S. Bhamra, Min Wang, Han Xie, and Lili Yang. "Critical Hazards Identification and Prevention of Cascading Escalator Accidents at Metro Rail Transit Stations." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (May 13, 2020): 3400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103400.
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Escalator accidents not only happen frequently but also have cascading effects. The purpose of this study is to block the formation of cascading accident networks by identifying and preventing critical hazards. A modified five-step task-driven method (FTDM) is proposed to break down passenger-related cascading escalator accidents. Three complex network parameters in complex network theory are utilized to identify critical and non-critical Risk Passenger Behavior (RPB) hazards and Other Hazards related with Risk Passenger Behavior (OH-RPB) in accident chains. A total of 327 accidents that occurred in the Beijing metro rail transit (MRT) stations were used for case studies. The results are consistent in critical and non-critical RPB and OH-RPB and prove that through combination of FTDM accident investigation model and complex network analysis method, critical and non-critical RPB and OH-RPB in a complicated cascading hazards network can be identified. Prevention of critical RPB can block the formation of cascading accident networks. The method not only can be used by safety manager to make the corresponding preventive measures according to the results in daily management but also the findings can guide the allocation of limited preventive resources to critical hazards rather than non-critical hazards. Moreover, the defects of management plan and product design can be re-examined according to the research results.
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Guo, Hong Liang, and Xue Jie Yue. "Exploration of Safety Engineering Course Oriented to Civil Engineering Discipline." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 2696–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.2696.
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Construction industry is a high risk industry. With the continuous gigantism and complication of recent project scale, the consequences of safety accidents become more and more serious, and major accidents, especially major accidents have occurred occasionally. Meanwhile, students involved in the civil engineering practical teaching face more and more security risks, and thus affect the normal higher education practice. In order to control the security risks of civil engineering practical teaching, this paper, based on the theories of accident injury insurance and modern safety, will analyze the civil engineering practical teaching accident injury insurance and security mechanism, design the insurance rate, insurance deadline, insurance amount of accident injury, and recommend implementing practice accident injury prevention mechanism, namely the safety prevention system combined by security control and multi-level and multi-angel safety education.
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Dong, Ji Ye, Gui Fu, Ze Chen, and Shuai Dong Jia. "Study on Regularity of Coal Mine Blasting Accidents of China after 2000." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 2014–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.2014.
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In this article, 133 massive colliery blasting accidents were statistically analyzed in China after 2000, mainly from two aspects of the accident number and death number, three aspects such as the type of accidents, the time rule of accidents, and provincial were analyzed statistically; 72 massive colliery blasting accidents caused by blasters were analyzed statistically with regard to the unsafe act of blasters. The statistical results show that the accident and death number presents a downward opening parabolic trajectory by year; The time of the accident is more concentrated, and the fate casualties happened frequently around March, July, November and December, February is the least; Coal mine gas accident is the main type of blasting accidents, and the coal dust explosion accident causes most deaths averagely; The past statistical method seriously neglected the seriousness of blasting accidents; The coal mine underwent massive colliery blasting accidents distribute widely, but six provinces (Guizhou, Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Sichuan, Henan, Hunan, Liaoning) are the key places of blasting accidents; There are 22 species of unsafe act to blasters, the most common unsafe act is no working face environmental inspection, material and tools be used unsafely and improperly. Coal enterprises, government, and regulators should strengthen the prevention of the key time, accident style, region, and the common unsafe blasting act to the regularity of coal mine blasting accidents.
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Huh, Da-An, Eun-Hae Huh, Sang-Hoon Byeon, Jong-Ryeul Sohn, and Kyong Whan Moon. "Development of Accident Probability Index Using Surrogate Indicators of Chemical Accidents in Chemical Plants." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 18 (September 5, 2019): 3271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183271.
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To reduce damage caused by chemical accidents, it is important to establish a prevention system for chemical accidents. The first step in the prevention of chemical accidents is to screen the high-risk chemical plants. Risk index, one of the screening methods, can indirectly estimate the risk at each chemical plant. For calculating the risk index, the probability of an accident needs to be estimated, which requires complex calculation and confidential data from plants that are difficult to obtain. Therefore, we developed a new index, the accident probability index, to estimate accident probability in chemical plants using readily accessible data. We conducted a literature survey on the existing risk indices and interviewed chemical experts and government chemical managers to select surrogate indicators related to chemical accidents, and four indicators were chosen: hazardous characteristics of chemicals, handling volume, records of accident frequency, and national accident frequency of chemicals. We calculated the accident probability index for 4520 chemical plants, and index value means was 5.324 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.156, 7.493). An increase by 10 in the index value denoted a 1.06-fold (95% CI: 1.04, 1.08) increase in the odds ratio for actual accident occurrence. The accident frequency of the fourth quartile of the index value was 4.30 times (95% CI: 1.72, 10.75) higher than those of the first quartile.
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Li, Qian, Zhe Zhang, and Fei Peng. "Causality-Network-Based Critical Hazard Identification for Railway Accident Prevention: Complex Network-Based Model Development and Comparison." Entropy 23, no. 7 (July 6, 2021): 864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23070864.
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This study investigates a critical hazard identification method for railway accident prevention. A new accident causation network is proposed to model the interaction between hazards and accidents. To realize consistency between the most likely and shortest causation paths in terms of hazards to accidents, a method for measuring the length between adjacent nodes is proposed, and the most-likely causation path problem is first transformed to the shortest causation path problem. To identify critical hazard factors that should be alleviated for accident prevention, a novel critical hazard identification model is proposed based on a controllability analysis of hazards. Five critical hazard identification methods are proposed to select critical hazard nodes in an accident causality network. A comparison of results shows that the combination of an integer programming-based critical hazard identification method and the proposed weighted direction accident causality network considering length has the best performance in terms of accident prevention.
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Meena, K., C. Amuthadevi, and G. Sai Kumar. "Internet of Things based Accident Prevention and Detection System." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.4 (March 10, 2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.4.11171.
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Recent growth in technology makes our life faster and easier. This development in technologies leads to enhance the traffic hazards. In this paper, Internet of Things based accident prevention and detection system is proposed to deduce accidents and save human life. The vehicle performance has been continuously monitored for safety purposes. This technique is annoying to maintain speed balance to avoid accident and provide safety to the driver. Hence, a novel approach is proposed to avoid accidents and save the victims while accidents occur. Sensors are exploited to give alarm 'ON' when distance between two vehicles is too short. If accident happens, then the camera is automatically turned on and captures the images around 180 degree angles. This emergency alert information including the location is transferred to nearest police station, ambulance service and relatives through GSM modem. The major component of the project includes a Arduino, motion sensor, touch sensors, relay and GSM modem.
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Fan, Shiqi, Zaili Yang, Eduardo Blanco-Davis, Jinfen Zhang, and Xinping Yan. "Analysis of maritime transport accidents using Bayesian networks." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 234, no. 3 (February 12, 2020): 439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x19900850.
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A Bayesian network–based risk analysis approach is proposed to analyse the risk factors influencing maritime transport accidents. Comparing with previous studies in the relevant literature, it reveals new features including (1) new primary data directly derived from maritime accident records by two major databanks Marine Accident Investigation Branch and Transportation Safety Board of Canada from 2012 to 2017, (2) rational classification of the factors with respect to each of the major types of maritime accidents for effective prevention, and (3) quantification of the extent to which different combinations of the factors influence each accident type. The network modelling the interdependency among the risk factors is constructed by using a naïve Bayesian network and validated by sensitivity analysis. The results reveal that the common risk factors among different types of accidents are ship operation, voyage segment, ship type, gross tonnage, hull type, and information. Scenario analysis is conducted to predict the occurrence likelihood of different types of accidents under various situations. The findings provide transport authorities and ship owners with useful insights for maritime accident prevention.
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Małysa, Tomasz. "Work Safety During Usage, Repair and Maintenance of Machines – a Review of Work Safety in the Aspect of Accidents at Work." New Trends in Production Engineering 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2019-0080.
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Abstract The usage, repair and maintenance of machines is one of the areas in which it still records a significant number of accident events. The occurrence of accidents at work generates social and economic costs for the enterprise. Therefore, employers should be take measures to improve safety at the workplace. The publication presents an accident analysis based on a comparison of the following measures: accident rates (i.e. number of accidents, event effects) and ratio analysis (frequency rate indicator and total accident rate indicator). Calculated indicators allowed to determine the accident rate during the usage, repair and maintenance of machines. The analysis covered a five-year period – i.e. 2013-2017. On the basis of the analyzes carried out, the proposal was presented of possible prevention solutions to reduce the number of accidents at work.
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Lima, Ricello José Vieira, Bianca Costa Martins de Sousa Tourinho, Daniela De Sousa Costa, Fabrício Ibiapina Tapety, Daniela Moura Parente, and Camila Aparecida Pinheiro Landim Almeida. "Knowledge and conduct of doctors and nurses professionals forward to work accidents/Conhecimentos e condutas de médicos e profissionais de enfermagem frente aos acidentes de trabalho/Conocimiento y conducta de los profesionales de enfermería y médicos.." Revista de Enfermagem da UFPI 4, no. 1 (June 17, 2015): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26694/reufpi.v4i1.2844.
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Objective: describe the profile of occupational accidents among doctors and nurses. Methodology: exploratory, descriptive and quantitative study, conducted at a public teaching hospital in the city of Teresina, Piauí, with 67 health professionals. Data were obtained in the months from February to May 2011, through a form, and analyzed the program "Statistical Package for the Social Sciences", version 20.0. Results: It was found that 28 professionals reported injuries, being the most prevalent category of nursing technician. As to age, the most affected were between 41 and 50 years. Regarding frequency, 11 had suffered two accidents, only one 10 and 2 with three accidents, with a total of 34 accidents. Peripheral venous puncture was practicing more involved in accidents, being mentioned by 16 of the 28 victims. 47 participants cited the Internal Commission for Accident Prevention as a place you should report the accident. Conclusion: verifies the need for continuing education courses on the use of containment barriers and accident prevention to minimize risk and ensure the safety of workers. Keywords: Occupational diseases. Occupational risks. Health personnel.
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ZHENG, Xiazhong, Jianlan ZHOU, Fei WANG, and Yang CHEN. "ROUTES TO FAILURE AND PREVENTION RECOMMENDATIONS IN WORK SYSTEMS OF HYDROPOWER CONSTRUCTION." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 24, no. 3 (May 25, 2018): 206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2018.1647.
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There are many types of accidents with their own characteristics in hydropower construction. The accidents are mainly results of human errors. It is important to find out the routes to failure and give recommendations pertinently for different accident types. First, 869 accident investigation reports are collected and the human factors are filtered using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) framework, the norms which link the accident causes and human factors are also explored, the first three accident types are determined by the frequency statistics. The ranking of the factors and the norms of the three accident types is presented using the frequency statistics. The Chi-square, lambda and odds ratios are used to analyze the interdependences between adjacent level factors of three highest frequency accident types. At last, based on the correlation analysis between different human factors, the routes to failure can be determined; containing the norm frequency of factors, the safety recommendations are given to the different accident types pertinently. The results can be auxiliary and effective information for safety managers to conduct scientific and pertinent safety managements.
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Chiu, Chien-Chen, Yi-Ming Chang, and Terng-Jou Wan. "Characteristic Analysis of Occupational Confined Space Accidents in Taiwan and Its Prevention Strategy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5 (March 7, 2020): 1752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051752.
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According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), 882 people were killed or injured due to confined space accidents in 2011–2017. Occupational accident statistics published in 2008–2018 by the Taiwan Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA, Taiwan) show that 70 people suffered from disasters and 52 were injured in the 64 accident reports involving confined spaces. In the US, on average, 126 people die each year in accidents related to confined spaces, and in Taiwan, an average of 8 people per year are casualties of accidents involving confined spaces, proving that it is an area of concern that cannot be neglected. When misjudgments occur in confined spaces, not only can people be hurt, but they can even lose their lives, and the risks associated with confined spaces can subsequently result in rescue personnel also being killed or injured. This study was conducted via the systematic causal analysis technique (SCAT), which was proposed and developed by the International Loss Control Institute (ILCI), with the intention of identifying the critical basic causes of the confined space accidents that have occurred over the years in the Taiwan area, in order to propose corresponding improvement strategies. After investigating the statistics in Taiwan, it was determined that hydrogen sulfide was involved in 45% of accidental deaths in confined spaces, followed by 11% involving carbon dioxide, 9% involving carbon monoxide, and 7% involving toluene. Additional analysis of non-standard acts identified “failure of operating procedures” as being involved in 27% of accidents, followed by 25% involving “improper personal protective equipment” and 23% involving “incorrect position”. The analysis of non-standard conditions revealed that “dangerous workplace” was involved in 39% of accidents, “improper protective measures” in 30%, and “inadequate ventilation” in 27%. In accordance with our analysis results, it could be suggested that hazard prevention strategies for confined spaces, in addition to encouraging avoidance of non-standard acts by personnel, should also strive to improve these non-standard conditions. Otherwise, if not prevented deliberately and in a fundamental, relevant accidents will remain inevitable.
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Wheelahan, Bernard. "ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION USING THE TRIPOD METHOD." APPEA Journal 34, no. 1 (1994): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj93014.
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Accidents provide important learning points to prevent future mishaps. In its approach to accident prevention one technique that Shell uses is the Tripod accident analysis tree.In the past there has been a tendency in all organisations to blame accidents on the people who suffer them and to see unsafe acts as arising from the stupidity, carelessness or recklessness of particular individuals. Accident investigations frequently cite 'human error' as the cause and many people still see such errors as the beginning and end of the accident sequence. The three more tangible components of such accident investigations are unsafe acts, failures of defences and the accidents themselves. Such unsafe acts or 'active failures' are often seen as the most important part of the accident story. In reality the story has its beginnings much earlier in areas such as Design, Procedures, Training or Maintenance Management, areas known as 'latent failures',To better understand the underlying causes of accidents, in 1988 Shell commissioned a behavioural research program called Tripod. Tripod does not address unsafe acts and hazards directly, but places them in context in a model of an accident which seeks to define the underlying organisational factors that provoke unsafe acts, and that allow errors to turn into accidents. The research has established that latent failures may be categorised into a small number of disruptive processes. These latent failures are incorporated into an accident diagram in the form of a 'tree', and improve our understanding of the causes of accidents, and direct our recommendations for improvement into areas that are likely to be the most effective.
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Zhang, Han Xin. "Measures on the Impact-Spread of Road Accidents." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1081–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1081.
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Road safety system has been a concern topic for many scholars worldwide. Although there are many analysis papers on road traffic accident prevention, security, emergency rescue, safety evaluation and other aspects, there is no a thorough and complete opinion on road safety system. The study of these issues can cause a traffic accident prevention, to reduce the incidence of traffic accidents, summing up the spread of some of the impact of traffic on the control of the effective ways to combat the public security organs to reduce the incidence of traffic accidents guidance.
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Dietz, Pavel, Jennifer L. Reichel, Antonia M. Werner, and Stephan Letzel. "Study-Related Work and Commuting Accidents among Students at the University of Mainz from 12/2012 to 12/2018: Identification of Potential Risk Groups and Implications for Prevention." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (May 23, 2020): 3676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103676.
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Background: Universities represent an important setting of everyday life for health promotion. The aim of the present study was to assess whether university students of specific disciplines might have an increased risk for having a study-related work accident and to analyze what types of study-related work accidents occur most frequently. Furthermore, knowledge regarding study-related commuting accidents will be provided by identifying places where study-related commuting accidents might occur most frequently and on potential types of commuting (walking vs. biking) which might be associated with an increased risk for having a study-related commuting accident. Methods: Retrospective analyses of a dataset provided by the Accident Insurance Fund of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, including all accidents that happened at the University of Mainz (JGU) between December 2012 and December 2018 were performed. Binominal tests were computed to reveal whether the frequency of study-related work accidents in students affiliated with a specific faculty or institution differs significantly from the expected frequency of all reported study-related work accidents. Results: Overall, 1285 study-related accidents were analyzed—of which, 71.8% were work and 28.2% commuting accidents. Students of ‘Faculty—Medicine’ (80.5%; p = 0.003), ‘Faculty—Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Geography and Geosciences’ (90.7%; p < 0.001), and students that participated in study-related sports activities (97.4%; p ≤ 0.001) had a significantly increased risk for the occurrence of a study-related work accident. Needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs) as well as lab accidents play a pivotal role. Furthermore, above 40% of the study-related commuting accidents were cycling accidents. Conclusions: There is a call for prevention in order to decrease the number of NSIs among medical students, lab accidents as well as sport-related accidents. Concrete implications for prevention are discussed in the present paper. In addition, given that students are among the most likely to bicycle, and given that most bicycle-related accidents involve fatal injuries, cycling safety campaigns need to be initiated on campus.
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Xing, Xiao Long, Bo Tuo Jiang, Yan Qiang Jia, and Xu Zhang. "Study on Environmental Pollution and Public Health Caused by Chemical Accidents." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 624–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.624.
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Modern chemical accidents may easily turn into environmental calamities, which can result in a number of social and public health problems. Therefore, environment, health and social issues caused by chemical process relevant incidents should be taken over in order to minimize the accident loss and not develop to the environmental pollution. Here the eight accident cases of the chemical produce are presented, and some improvements are provided on the basis of the analysis of the related chemical accidents, which could be helpful for the accident prevention, and environmental conservation and personnel protection.
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Guo, Shengyu, Jiali He, Jichao Li, and Bing Tang. "Exploring the Impact of Unsafe Behaviors on Building Construction Accidents Using a Bayesian Network." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010221.
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Unsafe behavior is a critical factor leading to construction accidents. Despite numerous studies supporting this viewpoint, the process by which accidents are influenced by construction workers’ unsafe behaviors and the extent to which unsafe behaviors are involved in this process remain poorly discussed. Therefore, this paper selects cases from Chinese building construction accidents to explore the probabilistic transmission paths from unsafe behaviors to accidents using a Bayesian network. First, a list of unsafe behaviors is constructed based on safety standards and operating procedures. Second, several chains of unsafe behaviors are extracted from 287 accident cases within four types (fall, collapse, struck-by and lifting) to form a Bayesian network model. Finally, two accidents are specifically analyzed to verify the rationality of the proposed model through forward reasoning. Additionally, critical groups of unsafe behaviors leading to the four types of accidents are identified through backward reasoning. The results show the following: (i) The time sequence of unsafe behaviors in a chain does not affect the final posterior probability of an accident, but the accident attribute strength of an unsafe behavior, affects the growth rate of the posterior probability of an accident. (ii) The four critical groups of unsafe behaviors leading to fall, collapse, struck-by, and lifting are identified. This study is of theoretical and practical significance for on-site behavioral management and accident prevention.
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Zhai, Zi Jian. "Study on the Measures of Production Safety Accident Prevention and Control." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 1176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.1176.
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In this paper, based on emerging issue and new trends in the production safety work, there is an system analysis of the situation of production safety accidents that is the "Eleventh Five-Year" period, Hebei Province in China. Occur in different sectors of production safety accidents in-depth study. The characteristics of production safety accidents and laws will be revealed. Production safety accident prevention and control measures will be proposed, and as a basis for management decision-making.
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Liao, Chia Wen, and Tsung Lung Chiang. "Accident Compensation of Occupational Fatalities in the Construction Industry." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 3167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.3167.
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There is a higher rate of occupational accidents in the construction industry than most other industries on average. Construction accidents may result in numerous damages and losses. Workers compensation is an important source for evaluating costs associated with construction accidents. In this article, the applicable laws or regulations for occupational accident in Taiwan are examined at first. Accident reports during the period 1999 to 2011 are extracted from case reports of the Northern Region Inspection Office of the Council of Labor Affairs of Taiwan. The compensation in 574 cases of occupational accidents in the Construction Industry is then analyzed. The findings identified in this article provide a direction for more effective compensation strategies and injury prevention programs.
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Chai, N. P., W. A. W. Z. Abidin, W. H. W. Ibrahim, and K. Hong Ping. "Technology Advancement in Vehicle Monitoring System for Accident Prevention." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 3 (December 1, 2012): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.99.2012.
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Significant development in urbanized cities causes vehicle ownership to grow with rapid rate. As a result, the saturation of vehicle in dense cities leads to insufficient transportation infrastructure, which causes an increase in road accident occurrences. The condition of vehicle and driver such as poor engine operation system, speeding, reckless driving, drowsy driving, drunken driving are the factors of accidents. Vehicle monitoring system is thus very important to be deployed as an effort for accident prevention to reduce the number of road accidents. This paper reviews the recent progress and development of technologies in vehicle monitoring system for accident prevention. Various technologies in the system include Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographical Information System (GIS), Global System for Mobile (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), image processing, Fuzzy Logic, data fusion and so forth. The issues and challenges in vehicle monitoring system are also presented in this paper.
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Li, Bing, and Jia Xin Liu. "Research on Preventive Management of Freeway Traffic Accident." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.763.
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With the rapid development of the freeway, preventive work of freeway traffic faces larger and larger test. This paper adopts 1561 cases of traffic accidents in the Jiliao-freeway in past 5 years to find out the factors that affect safety. The study found out some factors which cause freeway traffic accidents, they are time, weather, the number of patrol vehicles and monitoring, age and attribution of the accident driver. The paper studies the management problems and puts forward on the countermeasures and suggestions, especially the problem of freeway traffic police burnout. This problem which involves in freeway traffic accident prevention will reach a new level and lay the foundation for the future research work.
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M. S., Meenakshi, and Senthilprabhu R. "Profile of accidental injuries and poisoning in children and analysis of the predisposing factors." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 6 (May 27, 2017): 2747. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172481.
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Background: Accidents continue to be the leading cause of death and disability between 1 year and 15year age group. Trauma lurks both developed and developing nations but in different guises. The aim is to determine the epidemiology, clinical profile and outcome of children with accidental injuries and poisoning and to analyse the factors predisposing to accidents in children.Methods: This was a prospective cohort study done at Institute of Social Pediatrics, Govt. Stanley Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India between September 2006 to August 2007.Results: Most common age group for occurrence of accident is less than 3 years n=68 (37.8%). Male children 108 (60%) outnumbered female children 72 (40%). Among the accidents falls accounted for 32.8% cases which were the commonest followed by Road Traffic Accident (RTA) 22.2%, poisoning 21.1%, Foreign body 7.8%, Burns 6.1%, Drowning 1.7 % in decreasing order of frequency. In and around Home n=114 (63.3%) was the commonest place of occurrence of accident followed by 26.7% in streets, 3.9% in schools and 3.3% in playground. Sunday contributes to more accidents (20%) than any other day. Accidents were common between 3PM to 6 PM (36.1%). Among RTA and fall, skeletal injuries accounted for 49.9% followed by head injury 27.4%, and soft tissue injuries 25.6%. Among burns, the most common site involved was limbs and deep burns were more common than superficial burns. 86.7% of cases recovered completely, 5% had permanent residual deformity and death in 1.1% of cases. The various social factors were analyzed as risk factors for accidents using multivariate logistic regression analysis and was found that nuclear family had ODD’s ratio of 2.232 (95% C.I 1.004 -4.961), age of the mother <25years with ODD’s ratio 1.252 (95% C.I 1.085-3.025) and socio-economic class III and IV together with ODD’s ratio 1.603 (95% C.I 1.064 - 3.379).Conclusions: Accidents and poisoning lead to significant morbidity in children in this study. Comprehensive prevention strategies need to be implemented to bring down the rate of accidents.
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Xu, Qingwei, and Kaili Xu. "Analysis of the Characteristics of Fatal Accidents in the Construction Industry in China Based on Statistical Data." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 2162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042162.
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Background: Construction activities not only provide the necessary conditions for citizens to live, but also cause fatal accidents. Methods: This study aimed to reveal the characteristics of fatal accidents in the construction industry in China based on statistical data. From 2010 to 2019, there were 6005 fatal accidents in China’s construction industry causing 7275 deaths. The important features of these fatal accidents, such as the type, time of occurrence, site location, severity, and geographical region of the accident, were carefully analyzed. Results: There were 258 major and severe construction accidents causing 1037 deaths, accounting for 4.3% and 14.25% of the total number of construction accidents and deaths in this period, respectively. As an important finding, more deaths occurred in August and on Mondays. The greatest number of construction accidents took place along openings and edges, accounting for 22.9% of all fatal accidents. Taking into account their economic development level and number of employees, Qinghai and Hainan experienced a higher mortality rate than Jiangsu. Falls from a high place were the dominant type of construction accident, accounting for 51.66% of all accidents. However, collapses were the primary type of major and severe construction accident, accounting for 60.09% of such accidents. The predicted number of construction deaths in 2020 is 887 according to the GM(1,1) model. Corresponding safety measures should be adopted to improve the working environment of the construction industry. Implications: The implications of these results with respect to the characteristics of construction accidents can be regarded as the foundation for accident prevention in practice.
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Karyemsetty, Nagarjuna, and Kontham Raja Kumar. "Road Safety: An Accident Prevention Using Intelligent Vehicular Network." International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering 10, no. 5 (November 30, 2020): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.100507.
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The increasing rate of road fatalities has demanded the attention of the researchers, scientists, Industry and government organizations and technologies. The impact of accidents is simulated by rear-end collision with parameters such as vehicle position, direction, speed, inter-vehicle distance, and relative speeds, etc. Open source simulators have to be adopted to study and analyze various collision scenarios in vehicular networks. Safety mechanism proposed to minimize the possibility of accidents and mitigate the effect of the escalating incident. The proposed mechanism estimates the point of intersection, time to collision, and time to avoid accidents. Using parameters, the proposed mechanism able to determine accidents with 92.6% accuracy. The remaining 7.4% cases enable the passive safety system to help the people to stay alive, minimize the damage in case an accident.
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Pechatnova, E. V., and K. E. Safronov. "Precipitation influence assessment on accidents risk outside built-up areas." Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal 17, no. 4 (August 28, 2020): 512–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2020-17-4-512-522.
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Introduction. The Road Traffic Safety Strategy in the Russian Federation for 2018-2023 includes the tasks of reducing an accident rate, among which the problem of accidents outside built-up areas is highlighted. The accidents outside built-up areas are characterized with high severity of consequences. The analysis of accident factors is necessary for the development of methods to improve road safety by preventing road accidents.Determining functional dependence is necessary for the development of information road safety management systems.The article is devoted to the study of the influence of precipitation amount on the change in the risk of road accidents.Materials and methods. The study applied a relative risk analysis, which is calculated by comparing observed variables of two groups: total rainfall data (climatic frequencies) and accident sampling (frequency at time of accident).The study bases on the data of road accidents with victims and material damage that have been registered on the А-322 road (Barnaul – Rubtsovsk – the state border with the Republic of Kazakhstan) during the period from 2012 to 2017.Results. A graph functional dependence and piece wise linear functional dependency were obtained. As the result of approximation, functional dependencies in the form of third-order polynomial function were found.Practical importance. The obtained functional dependencies can be used in the management system to assess the current risk of road accidents on roads outside build-up areas. The regularity of the influence of precipitation on the risk of road accidents can be used to implement accident prevention measures at the stage of road design and operation.Originality. The study contains new results on the nonlinear form of the functional dependence of the amount of precipitation on the risk of road accidents.
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Liu, Xin Qiang. "Depth Analysis of Typical Accident with FTA Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 538 (April 2014): 443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.538.443.
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Aggressive train signal belongs to typical accidents in the process of train running; it has many influence factors, widely related departments and complex results. In this paper, we carry on the qualitative and quantitative analysis on the typical accidents using FTA technology, to estimate and calculate the structure, probability and critical importance degree. The affecting factor of the typical accident to analysis deeply. Then the analysis conclusion is carried out and the prevention strategies of the typical accident are given.
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Дорохин and S. Dorokhin. "MODERN APPROACHES AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PREVENTION OF ROAD SAFETY." Alternative energy sources in the transport-technological complex: problems and prospects of rational use of 2, no. 2 (December 17, 2015): 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19420.
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The article gives statistics of road accidents in the Russian Federation for 9 months of 2015, the statistics of road accidents involving children under the age of 18 years. Analyzed the consequences of the accident and proposed measures for the prevention of child road traffic injuries and a range of other measures that allow for prevention among different age groups
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Miyazaki, Keiko. "Reproducing Marine Accidents with Ship Maneuvering Simulator for Accident Prevention." Marine Engineering 54, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 719–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.54.719.
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SEKIGUCHI, Masao. "Accident Prevention Measures are Lessons Learned from Previous Railway Accidents." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 106, no. 1018 (2003): 743–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.106.1018_743.
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Barkan, Christopher P. L., C. Tyler Dick, and Robert Anderson. "Railroad Derailment Factors Affecting Hazardous Materials Transportation Risk." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1825, no. 1 (January 2003): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1825-09.
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U.S. freight railroad accident and hazardous materials release rates have declined substantially since 1980. Ironically, this trend has made the identification and implementation of further safety improvement options more challenging because less empirical information exists on which accident causes present the greatest risks. Consequently, more sophisticated methods are needed to identify the best options for transportation risk reduction. Of particular interest is identifying the principal causes of accidents that can result in a tank car release of hazardous materials, which can harm people, property, and the environment. Because large hazardous materials release accidents are relatively rare, railroads cannot effectively manage safety improvement efforts solely in response to the causes of specific accidents. Instead, a risk-based approach is needed to better understand predictive factors for conditions that can cause a release. Railroad derailment data were analyzed to identify the conditions most likely to lead to a release accident. The objective was to identify proxy variables that can be used as performance measures. The speed of derailment and number of derailed cars highly correlated with hazardous materials releases. Some accident causes are much more likely to lead to release conditions than others. Accident prevention efforts to reduce these causes are more likely to reduce the risk of major railroad hazardous materials release accidents.
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Nur Sabrina Azmi, Ezrin Hani Sukadarin, and Hanida Abdul Aziz. "THE PERFORMANCE OF SAFETY IMPLEMENTATION TOWARDS ACCIDENT OCCURRENCE IN MALAYSIA CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, Special1 (August 1, 2020): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.special1/art.663.
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Reported fatal accidents in Malaysia construction industry contributed the highest number among other industries since 2009 until 2018. These statistics are alarming and elucidate the need to conduct scientific research to find the solution to solve the problem. Safety and health issues remain critical to the construction industry due to its working environment and the complexity of working practices. To prevent an accident, hazard identification is essential to construction safety management because unidentified hazards present the most unmanageable risks. Therefore, this research is conducted to help in reducing occupational accidents in the construction industry, and it can be considered worthy. This study aims to understand the triggering events, and their factors leading to fatal accidents are of significant input. The obtained data were analyzed using a statistical analysis program. Data collections of 139 numbers of respondents have been conducted in six different construction sites in east Malaysia. The result showed that there is a correlation between worker's perspective on safety management in the construction site and accident that can lead to a more fatality rate compared to other sectors. The corresponding recommendations are ultimately put forward as fatal accident prevention in construction activities. The patterns found in this paper can contribute valuable direction for formulating accident prevention strategies. In future research, reporting of an accident and near misses are essential to be further explored.
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Lin, Nan, Yu Jie Feng, and Shun Ze Wu. "A Survey on Abrupt Environmental Pollution Accidents in China from 2000 to 2010." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.342.
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Based on environmental statistics data from 2000 to 2010, characteristics and spatial distribution of the abrupt environmental pollution accidents were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and GIS methods. The results showed a decline in the frequency of accidents from 2000 to 2010. Abrupt environmental pollution accidents occurrence frequency in 2010 is only equivalent to 17.42% in 2000. More than 80% of the accidents occurred in the water and air pollution. Environmental pollution and destruction accidents centralized in western and middle parts of China, mainly in Hunan, Sichuan, and Guangxi. The most frequent types of accident were safety misadventure (27), followed by illegal sewage (22), layout problem (11), traffic accident (10), natural disaster (7), long term accumulation (5), and mismanage (3).Finally, conclusions are drawn concerning the need to improve the level of environmental risk prevention and control in the environmental pollution in China.
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Utomo, Preliyanto Puji, and Bambang Tri Bawono. "Application Of Act No. 22 Of 2009 As A Traffic Accidents Countermeasures Management In The Blora Police Law Area." Jurnal Daulat Hukum 3, no. 2 (May 19, 2020): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v3i2.9373.
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The problems discussed in this study are efforts to tackle traffic accidents by law enforcers in the Blora Police Law Area and the application of Act No. 22 Of 2009 On Road Traffic and Transportation to accident rates in the Blora Police Law Area. The approach method used is sociological juridical, descriptive analytical research specifications. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection methods are field studies and library studies. The data analysis method uses qualitative analysis. As a knife analysis, crime prevention theory and law enforcement theory are used. The results of the research show that the handling of traffic accidents by law enforcers in the Blora Police Law Area is carried out through preventive and repressive measures. Preventive efforts are carried out through routine patrol activities, zebra operations, counseling at schools and in the community and installing biilboard warning signs in accident-prone areas. The repressive effort is carried out through a series of investigative actions against traffic accidents which are guided by applicable laws and regulations. The application of Act No. 22 Of 2009 On Traffic and Road Transportation towards accident rates in the Blora Police Law Area is not optimal. The accident rate is still relatively high from year to year despite various efforts have been carried out. This is due to the lack of public awareness and legal culture of the community which does not support the programs implemented by the Blora Police Law Area in reducing the level of traffic accidents.Keywords: Implementation; Countermeasures; Traffic Accidents.
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HOSHINA, MASAO. "Cases of Accidents in Radiotherapy and Accident Prevention : Lessons from Investigations of Accidental Exposures(Emergency Report)." Japanese Journal of Radiological Technology 60, no. 6 (2004): 755–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.kj00000922472.
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Li, Jiajia, Jie He, Ziyang Liu, Hao Zhang, and Chen Zhang. "Traffic accident analysis based on C4.5 algorithm in WEKA." MATEC Web of Conferences 272 (2019): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927201035.
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At present, China is in a period of steady development of highways. At the same time, traffic safety issues are becoming increasingly serious. Data mining technology is an effective method for analysing traffic accidents. In-depth information mining of traffic accident data is conducive to accident prevention and traffic safety management. Based on the data of Wenli highway traffic accidents from 2006 to 2013, this study selected factors including time factor, linear factor and driver characteristics as research indicators, and established the decision tree using C4.5 algorithm in WEKA to explore the impact of various factors on the accident. According to the degree of contribution of each variable to the classification effect of the model, various modes affecting the type of the accident are obtained and the overall prediction accuracy is about 80%.
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Titopoulou, M., E. Titopoulos, and J. Staykova. "Working hours organization impact mechanism upon work-related accidents on microeconomic level." International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Safety 2, no. 2 (October 3, 2018): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2184-0954_002.002_0004.
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Work organizations rapidly change, triggering the need for a dynamic approach regarding the occupational health and safety and accident prevention. The objective of this research is to examine the influence of the factor 'organisation of the working time' upon the occupational accidents in enterprises as well as to suggest a model of an impact mechanism of working time organization on the occurrence and prevention of accidents/near accidents, using a representative Bulgarian sample. The research is based on a survey conducted in 2016 among 410 employees (52.9% women; 47.1% men) from all economic sectors. Statistical processing and analysis are performed by SPSS/PSPP and statistical modeling by EViews/Gretl. Results show that approximately every fifth employee works longer than the standard weekly occupation of 40 hours; 17.1% of all suffered work-related accident(s); 36.2% work overtime and 41.1% recognize the presence of work-related health problems (most common are total fatigue, back pain, stress and headache). Among those respondents claiming to have work-related health problems, accidents at work occur most frequently when working over 40 h/week. The suggested 3-stage impact mechanism of the working time organization on the occurrence and prevention of occupational accidents allows us to track the chain effects of existing practices in enterprises with regard to working time organization, employees' well-being and the occurrence of work accidents. Prevention strategies should consider changes in scheduling practices, job redesign, and health protection programmes.
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Darongke, Chyntia Christina, and Yusuf Latief. "Development of Safety Cost on Upper Structure Building Based on Work Breakdown Structure." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 864–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.8733.
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Construction as one of the most influencing industry to the country’s economy on the other hand also have the highest number of workplace accidents. Based on the data, 32% of accidental cases in Indonesia happened on constructional sectors. Hazard combine with work environments, workers behavior, organizational factor are the few reasons on the high number of workplace accident. In order to controlling the accidents, the safety risks in the construction industry need to be addressed. This paper aims to developing the standardized work breakdown structure for upper structure in building as a series of task in the form activities and to identify the safety risks in construction project based on work breakdown structure in order to effectively listing the workplace safety risk to maximizing the prevention. The risks listed also following by the prevention needed for controlling the risks, and the prevention would help to develop the component needed for cost of safety. In the end, the component of the cost of safety based on the prevention on the risk for each work breakdown structure will be more detailed and accurate.
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Zhu, Rongchen, Xin Li, Xiaofeng Hu, and Deshui Hu. "Risk Analysis of Chemical Plant Explosion Accidents Based on Bayesian Network." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010137.
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Many chemical plant explosion accidents occur along with the development of the chemical industry. Meanwhile, the interaction and influence of various factors significantly increase the uncertainty of the evolution process of such accidents. This paper presents a framework to dynamically evaluate chemical plant explosion accidents. We propose twelve nodes to represent accident evolution and establish a Bayesian network model for chemical plant explosion accidents, combining historical data with expert experience to support the prevention, management, and real-time warning. Hypothetical scenarios and catastrophic explosion scenarios were analyzed by setting different combinations of states for nodes. Moreover, the impacts of factors such as factory type, material form, accident equipment, the emergency response on casualty and property loss are evaluated. We find that sensitivity of property loss and casualties to factory type and ongoing work are less significant; the equipment factors result in more casualties than that from personnel factors; the impact of emergency response on the accident results is significant; equipment safety management and personnel safety training are the most important measures to prevent chemical plant explosion risks.
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Lessa, Luana Passos, Renata Kelly dos Santos e. Silva, Gabriela Araújo Rocha, Jéssica Denise Vieira Leal, Ana Klisse Silva Araújo, and Francisco Gilberto Fernandes Pereira. "Construção de uma cartilha sobre educação no trânsito para adolescentes." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 12, no. 10 (October 7, 2018): 2737. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i10a235019p2737-2742-2018.
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RESUMOObjetivo: construir uma cartilha educativa para adolescentes sobre prevenção de acidentes de trânsito. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, do tipo metodológico, que se conduziu por fases: iniciou-se com uma revisão narrativa acerca das medidas de prevenção e epidemiologia dos acidentes de trânsito no Brasil e, posteriormente, confecção do texto, layout e imagens do conteúdo proposto na cartilha. Resultados: dividiu-se a cartilha em partes: pedestres, ciclistas, motociclistas e motoristas, sinalização e dicas de trânsito. Para cada componente descreveram-se meios de comportamento no trânsito acompanhados de ilustrações. Conclusão: construiu-se a cartilha que se apresenta como novo material de ensino nas atividades de educação em saúde com foco para a prevenção de acidentes de trânsito. Ressalta-se que em fase subsequente será submetida ao processo de validação de conteúdo e aparência. Descritores: Educação em Saúde; Acidentes de Trânsito; Adolescentes; Saúde Pública; Prevenção de Acidentes; Promoção de Saúde.ABSTRACTObjective: to build an educational booklet for adolescents on traffic accident prevention. Method: this is a qualitative study of the methodological type conducted by phases: initiated by a narrative review about the prevention measures and epidemiology of traffic accidents in Brazil, and later confection of the text, layout, and images of the contents proposed in the booklet. Results: the booklet was divided into parts: pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers, signage and traffic tips. For each component, means of behavior in traffic were described along with illustrations. Conclusion: the booklet was built and a new teaching material in health education activities was shown, focusing on the prevention of traffic accidents. It is emphasized that in the subsequent phase, the booklet will be submitted to the process of validation of content and appearance. Descriptors: Health Education; Traffic Accidents; Adolescent; Public Health; Accident Prevention; Health Promotion.RESUMENObjetivo: construir una cartilla educativa para adolescentes sobre prevención de accidentes de tránsito. Método: estudio cualitativo del tipo metodológico conducido por fases: iniciado por una revisión narrativa acerca de las medidas de prevención y epidemiologia de los accidentes de tránsito en Brasil, y posteriormente confección del texto, layout e imágenes del contenido propuesto en la cartilla. Resultados: la cartilla fue dividida en partes: pedestres, ciclistas, motociclistas y motoristas, señalización y consejos de tránsito. Para cada componente fueron descritos medios de comportamiento en el tránsito acompañados de ilustraciones. Conclusión: la cartilla fue construida y se presenta como nuevo material de enseñanza en las actividades de educación en salud, con enfoque para la prevención de accidentes de tránsito. Se resalta que en fase subsecuente será sometida al proceso de validación de contenido y apariencia. Descriptores: Educación en Salud; Accidentes de Tránsito; Adolescente; Salud Pública; Prevención de Accidentes; Promoción de la Salud.
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Zago, Adriana Marchon, Rodrigo Dalke Meucci, Nadia Fiori, Maria Laura Vidal Carret, Neice Muller Xavier Faria, and Anaclaudia Gastal Fassa. "Workplace Accident Prevalence and Associated Factors among Tobacco Farm in São Lourenço do Sul-RS, Brazil." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 23, no. 5 (May 2018): 1353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018235.13172016.
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Abstract Agriculture has the highest risk of accidents. In Brazil the reality of this situation is unknown owing to scarcity of studies and underreporting of workplace accidents in rural areas. This article aims to evaluate workplace accident prevalence and associated factors among tobacco farm in Sao Lourenco do Sul-RS, Brazil. Cross-sectional study with 488 tobacco farmers, assessing sociodemographic, behavioural, labour characteristics and association with workplace accidents occurring in their lifetime. The injury prevalence was 24%. Being male (PR 1.62; 95%CI 1.04-2.52), and tenant farmer (PR 1.87; 95%CI 1.29-2.72), bundling tobacco leaves (PR 2.00; 95%CI 1.14-3.52) and having minor psychiatric disorders (PR 1.58; 95%CI 1.06-2.35) were positively associated with accidents. 46% of serious injuries caused superficial lesions and 26% caused fractures. Rural workplace accident prevention policies need to be established, particularly for tobacco farming. Larger studies are needed to understand work process-related aspects that increase the risk of accidents.
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Xue, Peng Li, Xiao Feng Sun, Yun Song, Yan Jun Cheng, and De Zhi Sun. "Lessons Learned From Major Environmental Accidents and Regulations on Hazard Control in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3462–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3462.
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China is suffering from severe environmental accidents that many have catastrophic impacts on public health and the environment. It is urgent to update the standards for environmental accidents prevention in China. This paper analyses the causes of fifty-three major accidents that happened in 2008 to obtain insight to help prevent similar events in the future. The results show that production accidents, which were mainly triggered by process analysis, training and human error, were the dominant causes of environmental accidents in China. In addition, current regulations on the control of environmental accident hazards and their implementation are also presented in this paper, which comprise legal requirements centering on hazardous chemicals, industrial safety evaluation, risk analysis and preparation of emergency plans. Based on our analysis, some key points that should be developed in future environmental accident hazard control measures are put forward with the aim of shedding light on decision making and risk management in China.
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Marziale, Maria Helena Palucci, Fernanda Ludmilla Rossi Rocha, Maria Lúcia do Carmo Cruz Robazzi, Camila Maria Cenzi, Heloisa Ehmke Cardoso dos Santos, and Marli Elisa Mendes Trovó. "Organizational influence on the occurrence of work accidents involving exposure to biological material." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 21, spe (February 2013): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692013000700025.
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OBJECTIVES: to analyze work accidents involving exposure to biological materials which took place among personnel working in nursing and to evaluate the influence of the organizational culture on the occurrence of these accidents. METHOD: a retrospective, analytical study, carried out in two stages in a hospital that was part of the Network for the Prevention of Work Accidents. The first stage involved the analysis of the characteristics of the work accidents involving exposure to biological materials as recorded over a seven-year period by the nursing staff in the hospital studied, and registered in the Network databank. The second stage involved the analysis of 122 nursing staff members' perception of the institutional culture, who were allocated to the control group (workers who had not had an accident) and the case group (workers who had had an accident). RESULTS: 386 accidents had been recorded: percutaneous lesions occurred in 79% of the cases, needles were the materials involved in 69.7% of the accidents, and in 81.9% of the accident there was contact with blood. Regarding the influence of the organizational culture on the occurrence of accidents, the results obtained through the analysis of the two groups did not demonstrate significant differences between the average scores attributed by the workers in each organizational value or practice category. It is concluded that accidents involving exposure to biological material need to be avoided, however, it was not possible to confirm the influence of organizational values or practices on workers' behavior concerning the occurrence of these accidents.
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Jin, Yue Bo. "The Environmental Risk Assessment for Terminals of Dangerous Bulk Liquid Cargoes." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 1726–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1726.
Full textAbstract:
Complying to the characteristics of terminals fordangerous bulk liquid cargoes and combined with the risk guidelines requirements, to conduct risk identification in the whole operations process covering risk items and common accident analysis, and propose risk assessment work ratings, accident hazard prediction, risk prevention measures and emergency plans for accidents of fire, spill, gaseous and liquid chemical leakage.