Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Accidentes y lesiones'
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Alibrando, Nilda Nancy, Nancy Ana Aveiro, and Silvia Distefano. "Niños internados por accidentes y lesiones." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería, 2010. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/8791.
Full textFil: Alibrando, Nilda Nancy. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Fil: Aveiro, Nancy Ana. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Fil: Distefano, Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Cervantes, Mejía Jhan Pierre, Montes Ligia Elena Cordero, and Rodriguez Dora Aleida Pretell. "Propuesta de solución educativa con soporte tecnológico para prevenir las lesiones en niños de 4 a 6 años de Lima Metropolitana mediante la metodología Design Thinking y Lean Startup." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/8449.
Full textProyecto Profesional
García, Galindo María Pilar. "Análisis de las incapacidades permanentes por lesiones en accidentes de trabajo: causas y tipologías, Región de Murcia 2009-2011." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/373216.
Full textPermanent disabilities (PD) are the latest consequences that arise from accidents at work (AW); they constitute an indicator to evaluate the working conditions and situations and safety. The need to meet and measure this social and human problem that was researched little, as well as identifying and describing the AWs origin, they constitute a social realistic object of sociological analysis. Objectives 1. Quantify the impact of the PD by AW, in the Region of Murcia and Spain and constructing indicators to measure its evolution. 2. Identify the variables from analysis of the AATT "circles of risk" origin. 3. Describe the socio-demographic characteristics, develop risk profiles based on sex and degree of PD, occupation, activity and form of the AT. 4. Quantify the human and social impact through indicators: potential years lived with disability (PYLD) and potential years of life lost production (PYLLP). Methodology: Descriptive study, quantitative and longitudinal: 1st part: From the statistics of Social Security (SS) pension, those affected are quantified and their impact and evolution is measured through the development of incidence rates per 100,000 members in high labor and IP for 1,000 tax administrations with low rates, during the period 2000-2009 for the Region and Spain. To prepare them, they are regarding these tax administrations with the IIPP during the period of 2002-2011. This difference in two years it has been proven to be relevant, given the interval time between the injury treatment and resolution of the PD. The 2nd part of the study is carried out on a sample of 732 records of PD resolved by the INSS during 2009-2011 and the posterior location of the AATT originating from the base Delt@-Meyss to create a new base (AW+PD) capable of exploitation, using the program IBM SPSS Statistics 21. The analysis of the variables is performed by AATT and the socio-demographics of victims according to degree of PD, fulfilling its objectives. Subject of study: working people in companies in the Region of Murcia affected by a work PD with degree of partial, total, absolute and severe disability. Population groups: membership at the SS with occupational risks covered and AWbase Delt@ Meyss-ISSL. Results: Indicators: Rating of Incident average, annual for the period 2000-2009 Region of Murcia: between 48.3-52.6 (CL: 95%) persons had a PD with degrees total, absolute, severe disability with life-long pension; values higher than the national average. The permanent non-disabling consequences and partial PD have effected between 144-153.3 persons, one-time payment compensation. Downwards trend of the incidents in the two geographic areas reaching approximate values in 2011. Risk profiles of PD: Man (86% pattern): Young and middle-aged, construction worker, farm worker or industrial worker. Woman (14%): middle-aged, farm worker, cleaning and food industry. Way the injury occurred both sexes: physical overstrain, crushing resulting from falls from same level or for the man also from height or entrapment. Personal impact: Total of pattern: 28,025.7 PYLD. Social impact: 15,136.3 years of PYLLP for PD con life-long pension in the event they do not return to work, but they do not lose their pension. Conclusion: The PD affects men more due to the higher risk work. They concentrate in “risk circles” according to sex and for all variables. Lower qualification is a risk factor for both sexes. Undervaluation of the degree of injury that does not indicate the final outcome of the victim.
Camino, Salazar María del Pilar. "Capacidad de autocuidado en la prevención de caídas que tienen los adultos mayores que acuden al Centro de Salud Tablada de Lurín, 2011." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1440.
Full textTesis
Changaray, Segura Tony Rolando. "Tratamiento Jurídico de las lesiones deportivas en el Código Penal Peruano periodo 1991-2010." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1191.
Full textTesis
Quispe, Flores Ronald. "Regresión logística ordinal aplicado al estudio de la gravedad de lesiones por accidente de tránsito en la región Madre de Dios, 2010 – 2014." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/5026.
Full textTesis
Quiñonez, Torres Jhoana Gretel. "Riesgo de caídas en los pacientes adultos mayores del Hospital Geriátrico de la Policía San José, 2016." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/6156.
Full textTesis
Ríos, Azuara Daniel. "Epidemiología de la actividad física en la Unión Europea : niveles de actividad, lesiones deportivas y motivaciones." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/119549.
Full textIn the European Union, physical inactivity is considered the fourth leading cause of death, after tobacco, hypertension and obesity. There are risk factors that are closely related to physical inactivity. Physical activity is closely related to morbidity and mortality in developed countries, where non-communicable diseases have increased rapidly. Therefore, in recent decades, Europe has made clear progress in the promotion of sports topics. The main goal of this thesis is to analyze the level of physical activity, identify the factors that prevent the physical inactivity of inhabitants in the European Union countries and do an epidemiological study of sports injuries in some of these countries. With these relationships, we can develop specific strategies to improve prevention and to reduce the injuries that may occur.
Rivera, Pacheco Giancarlo José. "Incidencia de pacientes adultos mayores con riesgo de caída que acuden al Servicio de Terapia Física del Centro Médico Naval Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara Lima, 2017." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7566.
Full textEstimar la incidencia de pacientes adultos mayores que acuden al servicio de Terapia Física del “Centro Médico Naval Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara” que posean alto riesgo de caída aplicando el Test de Tinetti modificado. Las caídas en los adultos mayores, debido a un aumento considerable del envejecimiento poblacional, en ellos siguen representando una destacada causa de pérdida funcional, ingresos precoces en residencias socio sanitarias, y aumento de morbilidad y mortalidad. Se aplicó el Test de Tinetti modificado, a 63 pacientes adultos mayores, del cual el 17,5% presenta un alto riesgo de caída, un 38,1% presenta un mediano riesgo de caída y un 44,4% presenta un bajo riesgo de caída. En la Sub-escala Equilibrio del Test de Tinetti modificado, el 22,2% presentan alto riesgo, y un 77,8% presentan un bajo riesgo y en la Sub-escala Marcha, el 15,9% presentan alto riesgo y el 84,1% presentan bajo riesgo. Respecto a los porcentajes del nivel de riesgo de caída por género fue: en el nivel de alto riesgo de caída, el 4,8% fueron del género masculino y el 12,7% del género femenino. En el nivel de bajo riesgo de caída, el 17,5% fueron del género masculino y 27% del género femenino y en el nivel de mediano riesgo de caída, el 1,6% fueron del género masculino y el 36,5% del género femenino. Y respecto a la edad fue el nivel de alto riesgo de caída, no se encontró pacientes en el rango de 60- 69 años, en el rango de 70-79 años se encontró 36,4% y en el rango de 80 a 89 años se encontró 63,6%. En el nivel de bajo riesgo de caída, en el rango de 60-69 años se encontró 75%, en el rango de 70-79 años se encontró 25% y en el rango de 80-89 años no se encontró pacientes. En el nivel de mediano riesgo de caída, en el rango de 60-69 años se encontró 33.3%, en el rango de 70-79 años se encontró 58,3% y en el rango de 80 a 89 años se encontró 8.3%. Se concluye que la incidencia de pacientes adultos mayores que acuden al Servicio de Terapia Física y Rehabilitación del Área de Geriatría del Centro Médico Naval “Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara” que poseen un alto riesgo de caída es del 17.5%.
Tesis
Antay, Enciso Claudia Patricia. "Condición física funcional y su relación con el riesgo de caída en adultos mayores de un condominio de Lima." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/17006.
Full textMelchor-Alós, Inmaculada. "La mortalidad evitable en la Comunidad Valenciana: evolución temporal, distribución geográfica y desigualdades socioeconómicas." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/54826.
Full textCabrera, Oblitas Noe Antonio. "Factores de riesgo de accidente cerebro vascular isquémico en el adulto joven. Centro Médico Naval. 2007-2010." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/9437.
Full textPublicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autor
Identifica cuáles son los factores de riesgo asociados al ACV isquémico en adultos jóvenes en el Centro Médico Naval en el periodo comprendido de junio del 2008 a mayo del 2011. Es un estudio observacional, transversal de casos y controles. Se revisaron 30 pacientes jóvenes que presentaron desorden cerebrovascular isquémico (casos) y 30 historias clínicas de pacientes que no presentaron desorden cerebrovascular isquémico (controles), en el Servicio de Neurología del Centro Médico Naval en el periodo que correspondió al estudio. El 53.3% fueron mujeres y el 46.7% fueron varones. En cuanto a las medias de las edades según sexo encontramos que la media de la edad de los varones fue de 38.1+/-8.7 años, y de las mujeres fue de 46.1+/-4.3 años. La media de la edad de los casos fue de 42.2+/-8.2 años y de los controles de 42.7+/-7.4 años. Encontramos una mayor frecuencia de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico en pacientes militares (53.3%); en el lado derecho (80%). El 46.7% tuvieron el antecedente de hipertensión arterial. El 30% tuvieron el antecedente de diabetes mellitus tipo II. El 33.3% tuvieron el antecedente de dislipidemia. El 20% tuvieron el antecedente de consumo de tabaco. El 20% tuvieron el antecedente de migraña. El 20% tuvieron el antecedente de consumo de alcohol. El 13.7% tuvieron el antecedente de uso de anticonceptivos orales. El 6.7% tuvieron el antecedente de enfermedad cardiaca. El 13.3% de los pacientes tuvieron el antecedente de EVC previa. El 33.3% eran de obesidad. La medicación habitual fue el consumo de 2 o más medicamentos (40%). El territorio comprometido con mayor frecuencia fue el territorio de la circulación anterior (80%). La etiología identificada con mayor frecuencia fue la vasculoesclerótica (80%). Se concluye que los factores de riesgo asociados al ACV isquémico en adultos jóvenes en el Centro Médico Naval en el periodo comprendido de junio del 2008 a mayo del 2011 fueron el sexo masculino, antecedente de hipertensión arterial, uso de anticonceptivos orales, y EVC previa (P<0.05).
Trabajo académico
Yupanqui, Calderón Henry. "Correlación entre la escala de coma de Glasgow y hallazgos tomográficos anormales en pacientes adultos con traumatismo encefalocraneano y accidente cerebrovascular hemorrágico, en Emergencia del HNDM, octubre 2006 - marzo 2007." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/14431.
Full textTrabajo académico
BOYERA, FLORENCE. "Analyse des lesions de la face dans les accidents de la route : a propos de 298 cas." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M285.
Full textSERRANO, STEPHANE. "Prise en charge initiale de patients atteints de lesions cerebrales severes : etude preliminaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX20120.
Full textDURIEU, COUADE ISABELLE. "De la motricite linguale dans les lesions vasculaires uniques du faisceau genicule : considerations sur l'innervation corticohypoglosse." Lille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL2M222.
Full textHuamán, Fernández Sadith Milagros. "Prácticas de las madres sobre prevención de lesiones accidentales más frecuentes en niños de 2 a 5 años usuarios de un establecimiento de Essalud de la Red Asistencial Rebagliati. Noviembre 2015." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4756.
Full text--- The incident of accidental injuries in minors has increased in the last decades so much on the national level like internationally, revealing alarming numbers, in the matter there have been realized scanty investigations that investigate incident and associate factors; this qualified study " Practices of the mothers on prevention of more accidental injuries in children from 2 to 5 years of age in EsSalud's establishment of the Welfare Network Rebagliati. November. 2015 ". It has as principal aim determine if the practices that the mothers realize in the home are sure to avoid the occurrence of the above mentioned injuries: falls, burns and poisonings. It is a question of a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, of applicative level and of transverse court; whose sample was shaped by 43 mothers of children from 2 to 5 years that were demanding attention in the Polyclinic “Los Próceres¨ in the district of Santiago de Surco, Lima. The above mentioned mothers answered to a questionnaire established as instrument of compilation, having as technology, the survey. Inside the conclusions it is necessary to emphasize that the mothers of the children recounted for the most part that carry out practices moderately sure for the prevention of accidental injuries in the home. Likewise to the individual analysis of every type of injury: fall, burns and poisonings, the percentages are similar; since the major number of mothers demonstrated to gesticulate of moderately sure form to prevent his children from suffering falls and burns; whereas another group in a highly significant percentage expressed to apply sure practices to reduce the incident of poisonings in his homes. Context under which he emphasizes the need that from the services of health, specially of the first level of attention strategies develop orientated when strengthen the capacity of the mothers and / or agent of care to reduce the environmental factors of risk helping to diminish the incident of accidental injuries of the child in the home. Key Words: Accidental injuries, Practices about accidental injuries in children and types of accidental injuries.
Tesis
Batle, Vidal Juan Miguel. "Efectos del oxígeno hiperbárico sobre el daño oxidativo y los mecanismos antioxidantes en deportistas y su efecto regenerador en las lesiones de difícil curación." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/128272.
Full textTrenchs, Sainz de la Maza Victoria. "Traumatismo craneal por caída accidental en niños menores de dos años de edad. Mecanismos de producción, consecuencias y diagnóstico diferencial con las lesiones causadas por maltrato infantil." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2482.
Full textMuchos padres relatan una caída con traumatismo craneal (TCE) para justificar hematomas subdurales (HSD) y/o hemorragias retinianas (HR) debidas a maltrato. El diagnóstico diferencial entre TCE accidental e inflingido en ausencia de otras lesiones es difícil porque no hay estudios que determinen la prevalencia de HSD y/o HR en los traumatismos por caídas.
2. HIPÓTESIS:
- El mecanismo de producción y la altura de un caída condicionan las lesiones que aparecen en el niño.
- El conocimiento de las características de las caídas que tienen como consecuencia HR y lesiones intracraneales facilitará el diagnostico diferencial de maltrato infantil en los casos que las caídas son utilizadas como excusa para justificar estas lesiones.
3. OBJETIVOS:
a. Conocer qué caídas ocasionan ingresos por TCE en niños menores de dos años de edad y determinar la existencia y uso de medidas de protección para prevenirlas.
b. Conocer los tipos de hemorragias cerebrales y retinianas relacionadas con TCE por caída accidental en niños menores de dos años y qué circunstancias favorecen su aparición.
c. Valorar si existe algún tipo de hemorragia cerebral o retiniana que pueda considerarse marcador clínico de maltrato físico en niños menores de dos años con TCE atribuido a una caída accidental.
4. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO:
Estudio de cohortes prospectivo con grupo control histórico. Se realiza un estudio descriptivo de un grupo de niños menores de 2 años ingresados por TCE por caída vertical, se determina la prevalencia de lesiones intracraneales y HR y, posteriormente, se compara con la de un grupo control de niños maltratados.
5. RESULTADOS:
Se valoran 154 niños con TCE secundario a caída durante 2 años; mediana de edad de 8.6meses (rango 17días-24meses); el 53.2% de sexo masculino. El 88.6% presentan una caída libre, el resto por escaleras. Se caen más frecuentemente del cochecito de paseo (17.8%), la cama (16.8%), la propia altura (15.4%) y el cambiador (10.7%). En 38 (28.7%) existen medidas de protección, 8 (21%) las utilizan. La mediana de altura de las caídas es 90cm (rango 30-900cm). El 87.9% se golpean sobre una superficie dura y lisa. Se calculan las siguientes prevalencias: hematoma epidural 9.1% (IC95%:5.1-14.8%), HSD 0% (IC95%≤1.9%), hemorragia subaracnoidea 0.7% (IC95%:0.02-3.6%), contusión cerebral 1.3% (IC95%:0.2-4.6%) y HR 1.9%(IC95%:0.4-5.6%). No se observaron diferencias significativas en la aparición de lesiones intracraneales y/o HR según la superficie de impacto o el tipo de caída. Se revisan las historias clínicas de los 21 menores de 2 años diagnosticados de maltrato durante 12años; mediana de edad 4.2meses (rango 1.5-18.5meses); 66.7% de sexo masculino. Se obtienen las siguientes prevalencias: hematoma epidural 0%(IC95%≤3.6%), HSD 71.4 (IC95%:47.8-88.7%), hemorragia subaracnoidea 14.3% (IC95%:3-36.3%), contusión cerebral 4.8% (IC95%:0.1-23.8) y HR 42.9% (IC95%:21.8-66%).
Se compara la muestra de niños maltratados y la de niños con TCE por caídas y se observan diferencias significativas en las prevalencias de HSD, hemorragias subaracnoideas y HR (p<0.001, p<0.006 y p<0.001 respectivamente. Las razones de odds para las lesiones descritas son de 736.8 (IC95%>39.6), 25.5 (IC95%>2.5) y 37.8 (IC95%>9).
6. CONCLUSIONES
a. Las caídas que más frecuentemente produjeron TCE con necesidad de ingreso hospitalario, fueron las acontecidas desde el cochecito de paseo, la cama, la propia altura o el cambiador. En prácticamente el 25% de los casos existían medidas de protección diseñadas para prevenir estos accidentes, pero sólo el 5% de los cuidadores las utilizó de forma adecuada.
b. Los traumatismos craneales por caída se relacionaron con la existencia de hematomas epidurales y HR unilaterales, así como con la de hemorragias subaracnoideas en precipitaciones de alturas elevadas. No se detectaron HSD debidos a caídas accidentales, ni HR sin la existencia de un hematoma epidural con efecto masa acompañante. Ni la superficie de impacto de la cabeza tras una caída, ni el hecho de que la caída fuera libre o por escaleras, condicionaron diferencias en la aparición de lesiones intracraneales y/o HR.
c. Los HSD, asociados o no a HR, deben considerarse marcadores clínicos de maltrato físico en niños menores de dos años con TCE atribuido a una caída accidental, y, por tanto, desencadenar un estudio exhaustivo para descartarlo.
OF DOCTORAL THESIS:
"Head trauma resulting from falls in patients under two years of age. Production mechanisms, consequences and differential diagnosis with maltreatment lesions.
INTRODUCTION:
Falls are a commonly a chief complaint among patients seeking medical attention and the leading cause of injuries requiring hospitalization. Falls are also a frequent excuse to conceal cases of maltreatment in small children. The retinal haemorrhages (RH) and subdural haematomas (SDH) could be useful markers for their differential diagnosis.
OBJECTIVES:
In children under two:
a. To determine falls that cause admissions for head injuries and the measures used for prevent these accidents
b. To determine which cerebral and retinal haemorrhages are related to head injury from vertical fall and the circumstances contributing to their appearance
c. To ascertain whether some type of RH and/or SDH could be a useful marker for differential diagnosis between accidental and inflicted head injuries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Prospective cohort study (children under two admitted for head injury from vertical fall for a period of two years) with historical control group (children under two diagnosed of maltreatment for 12 years).
RESULTS:
154 patients with accidental head injury were included; 17(11.4%) suffered falls involving stairs. Median falls height was 90cm(range 30-900cm). The most common mechanism of injury was falling from a go-cart, followed by rolling off a bed, fall from a standing position and falling from a changing table. Accident prevention measures were available in 38 cases but only 8 used them. None HSD was detected (CI95%≤1.9%) and 3 patients had RH (prevalence 1.9%;CI 95%:0,4-5.6). The most common intracranial lesion was epidural haematoma in 9.1% of the cases (CI95%:5.1-14.8%)
21 charts of children diagnosed of maltreatment were reviewed. The SDH prevalence was 71.4 (CI95%:47.8-88.7%) and the RH, 42.9% (CI95%:21.8-66%).
The detection of RH or cerebral haemorrhages was not related neither with the type of fall, nor with surface of impact.
Statistically significant differences were found in the prevalence of SDH and RH between inflicted and accidental head injuries (p<0.001); the odds ratio was 736.8 (IC95%>39.6) and 37.8 (IC95%>9).
CONCLUSIONS:
a. The most common falls causing hospital admission for head injury were from gocart, bed, standing position and changing table. Accident prevention measures were available in 25% of cases, 5% used them.
b. Accidental head injury was related with epidural haematomas and unilateral RH. The detection of RH or cerebral haemorrhages was not related neither with the type of fall, nor with the surface of impact.
c. The finding of SDH, whether associated or not with RH, must be considered a marker of maltreatment and should be followed by an exhaustive examination in order to discard it.
BELKAHIA, RADHY. "Relations entre les lesions des occupants des vehicules impliques et les conditions des accidents de la voie publique : a propos d'une etude prospective realisee en 1988 et portant sur 658 blesses secourus par le samu 80." Amiens, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AMIEM004.
Full textRenault, Gilles. "ETUDE DE LA PERFUSION EN ECHOGRAPHIE DE CONTRASTE." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012175.
Full textFreitas, Efigênia Aparecida Maciel de. "Freqüência de uso de bebidas alcoólicas em vítimas de causas externas atendidas no Hospital de clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2007. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/12878.
Full textObjetivos: Verificar a freqüência de ingestão alcoólica em vítimas de causas externas atendidos no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Métodos: Determinou-se alcoolemia em 85 pacientes no pronto socorro (PS) (TDx/TDxFLx-Etanol, Abbott) e entrevistou-se 301 internados sobre possível ingestão alcoólica previamente ao trauma; em ambos os locais aplicou-se o questionário CAGE. Nos ambulatórios, entrevistou-se cinquenta pacientes etilistas e cinquenta não etilistas sobre antecedentes de trauma. Resultados: A alcoolemia foi positiva em 31,8% dos pacientes no PS, destes 85,2% eram homens e 70,4% necessitaram internação (p<0,05). Proporcionalmente, alcoolemia positiva foi mais freqüente (p<0,05) entre as vítimas de agressão física (57,2%) do que as de queda (15,4%), mas não do que as de trânsito (29,3%). Nas enfermarias, 29,9% dos pacientes tinham história positiva de ingestão alcoólica, e nestes, a agressão física (68,9%) foi proporcionalmente mais freqüente (p<0,01) do que acidente de trânsito (27,4%) ou queda (15,2%). Entre os que tinham bebido, no PS e enfermarias, respectivamente, a ocorrência de incidentes foi maior (p<0,05) no final de semana (62,9 e 57,8%) e no período noturno (59,2% e 63,4%) e o CAGE foi positivo em 81,5% e 82,3%. Nos ambulatórios, 93,1% dos alcoolistas e 9,1% no grupo controle (p<0,01) relataram antecedentes de trauma relacionado à ingestão alcoólica. Conclusões: Um terço dos pacientes ingeriram bebidas alcoólicas previamente ao trauma e, entre eles, a maioria era etilista crônico, os incidentes foram mais freqüentes nos finais de semana, no período noturno e as lesões foram mais graves. Entre os pacientes dos ambulatórios, os etilistas se acidentaram mais freqüentemente.
Mestre em Ciências da Saúde
Camp, Madeline. "A biomechanical investigation of torsion and classic metaphyseal lesions." Thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/42091.
Full textTouvykine, Boris. "The effect of lesion size on cortical reorganization in the ipsi and contralesional hemispheres." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10872.
Full textWhile our understanding of ipsilesional plasticity and its role in recovery of hand function following ischemic stroke has increased dramatically, the reorganization of the contralesional motor cortex and its effect on recovery remain unclear. Currently published studies offer contradictory views on the role of contralesional motor cortex in recovery. Lesion extent has been suggested as the factor determining the type of reorganization of the contralesional motor cortex. The primary goal of this study was thus to evaluate the effect of unilateral strokes of different sizes in caudal forelimb area (CFA) of the rat on both physiological reorganization and behavioral recovery. At the end of a period of spontaneous recovery during which we monitored motor performance of both limbs, we obtained bilateral maps of the CFA and the putative premotor area of the rat – rostral forelimb area (RFA). We found that lesion volume in the CFA correlates with both the extent of behavioral recovery of the paretic hand and the extent of both ipsi and contralesional cortical reorganization. We found that rats with bigger lesions had larger hand representations in the ipsilesional hemisphere and more persistent deficits of the paretic hand. In the contralesional hemisphere we found that rats with larger hand representation in the RFA had bigger lesions and incomplete recovery of the paretic hand. Our results confirm the effect of lesion volume on the reorganization of the contralesional motor cortex and highlight contralesional RFA as the motor cortical area most influenced by lesion volume for future investigations.
Khoshkrood, Mansoori Babak. "Acute inactivation of the contralesional hemisphere for longer durations improves recovery after cortical injury." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11291.
Full textWith the introduction of non-invasive brain stimulation methods aimed at modulating the excitability of cortical areas after stroke, many groups are intensively investigating the effects of inhibition of the contralesional hemisphere on functional recovery. Although the reported results of these studies are very promising, limitations of enrolling acute stroke patients as well as technical difficult of establishing continuous inhibition protocols have left several open ended questions regarding the treatment parameters and patient selection. For example, the efficacy of inhibition treatment in acute setting after stroke and the effect of treatment duration are two questions that are virtually unexplored. Therefore, in the laboratory of Prof. Numa Dancause, we took advantage of a well established rodent model of cortical ischemic lesion to gain direct and objective insight about the importance of contralesional inactivation on motor recovery of the paretic limb. Using an Endothelin-1 rodent model of ischemic cortical lesion, we pharmacologically inactivated the contralesional hemisphere with a GABA agonist (Muscimol). By doing so we were interested in the effect of early treatment when contralesional inactivation is initiated rapidly after the lesion. Early after induction of cortical ischemic lesion, the contralesional hemisphere was inactivated with continuous infusion of the Muscimol for 3, 7 or 14 days in three different groups of animals. In a fourth group, Muscimol was infused at slower rate for 14 days to provide additional insights on the relation between the effects of inactivation on the non-paretic forelimb behavior and the recovery of the paretic forelimb. We included a group of animals with spontaneous recovery that received no inactivation after lesion. Our results indicated that increasing inactivation duration (from 3 to 14 days) accelerated the recovery of grasping function. Both groups with 14 days of inactivation had similar recovery profiles and performed better than animals that spontaneously recovered. In fact, the duration of inactivation, not the intensity, correlated with the better functional outcomes. Our results support early contralesional inactivation to improve recovery of the paretic forelimb after cortical lesion. Moreover, based on our results, the duration of inactivation is the most important factor to correlate with the functional outcomes. Therefore, by providing precise temporal and behavioral evidence, our results provide a window of opportunity for the researchers in which the current gap in our understanding of the clinical efficacy of contralesional inhibition in acute phase after stroke can be approached with more confidence.