Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Accidents de la route – Statistiques'
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DECHELETTE, PASCAL. "Contribution a l'etude des accidents de la voie publique chez l'enfant : statistique sur marseille nord." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20122.
Full textMeguellati, Fatima. "Estimation par approximation de Laplace dans les modèles GLM Mixtes : application à la gravité corporelle maximale des accidents de la route." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10204/document.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the construction of statistical methods for the evaluation (modeling and estimation) of some indices used to analyze the injury severity of road crashes. We focus on four points during the development of the adopted methodology: the random variables (or factors) selection, the construction of mixed logistic-Normal model, the parameters estimation by Laplace approximation and PQL (penalized quasi-likelihood) and the performance comparison of the estimation methods. In a first contribution, a logistic-Normal model is constructed with "collision type" as random variable to analyze the maximum injury severity observed in a sample of crashed vehicles. Estimation methods based on the Laplace approximation of the log-likelihood are proposed to estimate and analyze the contribution of variables in the model. We compare, by simulation, this Laplacian approximation to those based on the adaptation of Gauss-Hermite polynomials (AGH). We show that the two approaches are equivalent with respect to the accuracy of the estimate although AGH is superior. A second contribution is to adapt some algorithms of PQL family to estimate the parameters of a second model and compare its performance to Laplace and AGH methods in terms of bias. Two examples of simulated data illustrate the obtained results. In a third and dense contribution, we identify several mixed logistic-Normal models with more than one random effect. The convergence of the algorithms (Laplace, AGH, and PQL) and the precision of the estimates are investigated. Simulations as well as a database of detailed crash data are used to analyze the models performance to detect vehicles containing users with maximum injury severity. Programming oriented R accompany all results. The thesis concludes with perspectives on GLM Mixed models selection criteria and the extension of these models to the multinomial family
Tay, Meng Keat. "Analyses des scènes dynamiques: Application à l´assistance à la conduite." Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0168.
Full textThe development of autonomous vehicles garnered an increasing amount of attention in recent years. The interest for automotive industries is to produce safer and more user friendly cars. A common reason behind most traffic accidents is the failure on the part of the driver to adequately monitor the vehicle's surroundings. In this thesis we address the problem of estimating the collision risk for a vehicle for the next few seconds in urban traffic conditions. Current commercially available crash warning systems are usually equipped with radar based sensors on the front, rear or sides to measure the velocity and distance to obstacles. The algorithms for determining the risk of collision are based on variants of time-to-collision (TTC). However, it might be misleading in situations where the roads are curved and the assumption that motion is linear does not hold. In these situations, the risk tends to be underestimated. Furthermore, instances of roads which are not straight can be commonly found in urban environments, like the roundabout or cross junctions. An argument of this thesis is that simply knowing that there is an object at a certain location at a specific instance in time does not provide sufficient information to asses its safety. A framework for understanding behaviours of vehicle motion is indispensable. In addition, environmental constraints should be taken into account especially for urban traffic environments. A bottom up approach towards the final goal of constructing a model to estimate the risk of collision for a vehicle is presented. The simpler case of “free” motion is first presented. The thesis then proposes to take collision risk estimation further by being more “environmentally aware” where environmental structures and constraints are explicitly taken into account for urban traffic scenarios. This thesis proposes a complete probabilistic model motion at the trajectory level based the Gaussian Process (GP). Its advantage over current methods is that it is able to express future motion independently of state space discretization. Driving behaviours are modelled with a variant of the Hidden Markov Model. The combination of these two models provides a complete probabilistic model for vehicle evolution in time. Additionally a general method of probabilistically evaluating collision risk is presented, where different forms of risk values with different semantics can be obtained, depending on its applications
Allain, Edwige. "Méthodes d'analyse discriminante et reconnaissance de scénarios types d'accidents de la circulation." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30052.
Full textLe scénario type d'accident de la circulation est un outil de synthèse rendant compte d'un ensemble de cas déjà survenus et jugés similaires dans leur déroulement. Ainsi le scénario est utile dans les approches diagnostiques visant à dégager des possibilités de prévention par analyse d'un ensemble de cas survenus sur un réseau de voirie. L'une des applications de ce concept repose sur l'affectation de cas à des scénarios existant déjà et peut s'appuyer sur les méthodes statistiques d'analyse discriminante. Nous comparons dans ce travail trois méthodes d'analyse discriminante : (analyse factorielle discriminante, régression logistique et discrimination par arbre). D'un point de vue théorique, la discrimination par arbre a nécessité un développement spécifique : nous proposons un critère de sélection du meilleur arbre basé sur le facteur de Bayes, que nous validons à l'aide des données d'accident. Du point de vue de l'application, nous concluons en faveur de la régression logistique
Zargouni, Yadh. "Évaluation de l'efficacité des mesures de sécurité routière." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066194.
Full textGeraldo, Issa Cherif. "On the consistency of some constrained maximum likelihood estimator used in crash data modelling." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10184/document.
Full textMost of the statistical methods used in data modeling require the search for local optimal solutions but also the estimation of standard errors linked to these solutions. These methods consist in maximizing by successive approximations the likelihood function or its approximation. Generally, one uses numerical methods adapted from the Newton-Raphson method or Fisher’s scoring. Because they require matrix inversions, these methods can be complex to implement numerically in large dimensions or when involved matrices are not invertible. To overcome these difficulties, iterative procedures requiring no matrix inversion such as MM (Minorization-Maximization) algorithms have been proposed and are considered to be efficient for problems in large dimensions and some multivariate discrete distributions. Among the new approaches proposed for data modeling in road safety, is an algorithm called iterative cyclic algorithm (CA). This thesis has two main objectives: (a) the first is to study the convergence properties of the cyclic algorithm from both numerical and stochastic viewpoints and (b) the second is to generalize the CA to more general models integrating discrete multivariate distributions and compare the performance of the generalized CA to those of its competitors
Ouni, Zaïd. "Statistique pour l’anticipation des niveaux de sécurité secondaire des générations de véhicules." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100099/document.
Full textRoad safety is a world, European and French priority. Because light vehicles (or simply“vehicles”) are obviously one of the main actors of road activity, the improvement of roadsafety necessarily requires analyzing their characteristics in terms of traffic road accident(or simply “accident”). If the new vehicles are developed in engineering department and validated in laboratory, it is the reality of real-life accidents that ultimately characterizesthem in terms of secondary safety, ie, that demonstrates which level of security they offer to their occupants in case of an accident. This is why car makers want to rank generations of vehicles according to their real-life levels of safety. We address this problem by exploiting a French data set of accidents called BAAC (Bulletin d’Analyse d’Accident Corporel de la Circulation). In addition, fleet data are used to associate a generational class (GC) to each vehicle. We elaborate two methods of ranking of GCs in terms of secondary safety. The first one yields contextual rankings, ie, rankings of GCs in specified contexts of accident. The second one yields global rankings, ie, rankings of GCs determined relative to a distribution of contexts of accident. For the contextual ranking, we proceed by “scoring”: we look for a score function that associates a real number to any combination of GC and a context of accident; the smaller is this number, the safer is the GC in the given context. The optimal score function is estimated by “ensemble learning”, under the form of an optimal convex combination of scoring functions produced by a library of ranking algorithms by scoring. An oracle inequality illustrates the performance of the obtained meta-algorithm. The global ranking is also based on “scoring”: we look for a scoring function that associates any GC with a real number; the smaller is this number, the safer is the GC. Causal arguments are used to adapt the above meta-algorithm by averaging out the context. The results of the two ranking procedures are in line with the experts’ expectations
AL, Deraiei Sami A. "Le recours de la victime d'un accident de la circulation a l'encontre de l'assureur du vehicule ayant provoque l'accident (etude du droit francais et du droit koweitien)." Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT4004.
Full textIn french and kuwaiti law; the driver must restore the consequences of the accidents. So the victim can take legal proceedings against the responsable insurer. It's why one study has differences between french law and kuwaiti law about the victim's right to an indemnity
Roberge, Jonathan. "Accidentologie des piétons dans trois villes moyennes du Québec (1991--1996): Trois-Rivières, Chicoutimi et Sherbrooke." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1999.
Find full textBallout, Fadi. "Alcool, psychotropes, accidents de la route : enquête réalisée par le S.A.M.U. de Nîmes sur quarante accidents." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11130.
Full textPERRIER, CHRISTINE. "Les accidents vasculaires cerebraux de l'adulte : statistiques hospitalieres (saint-pierre, reunion)." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF1M024.
Full textMilet, Laurent. "La protection juridique des victimes d'accidents de trajet /." Paris : L.G.D.J, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/351398171.pdf.
Full textBartolo, Micheline. "Le fait de la victime dans le droit des accidents de la circulation." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR30001.
Full textIn recent years, there have been substantial changes in road - trafic accident law. The common - law rulings on personal liability which applied to such legislation were questioned at an early date because of the effects which the behavior of the victims - whether they were responsible or not - could have on the compensation they were awarded. In France, the various attempts to improve the victims lot and establish legislation specific to this type of accident were to lead to some hundred draft bills, none of which was ever passed, whereas in other countries, this was not the case. Here in France, it was not until 1982 that any alternative solution to the traditional position was found. A first step forward was taken with the approval of the Desmares edict, of july 21 1982, which put anend to the sharing of responsibility between the victim and the party at fault. Three years later, on july 5th 1985, the first law dealing specifically with road - traffic accidents was passed. This law was to bring considerable improvements to the fate of victims of this type of accident, and more especially in the case of non - driving victims
Dahdouh, Habib. "L'Indemnisation des victimes d'accidents d'automobile." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594152j.
Full textPelsy, François Schmitt Michel. "Les accidents de la voie publique chez l'enfant et leur prévention à partir d'une étude prospective réalisé aux urgences pédiatriques du CHU de Nancy /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2006_PELSY_FRANCOIS.pdf.
Full textCharbotel, Barbara. "Les accidents de la route liés à l'exercice d'une profession, caractéristiques et prévention /." Arcueil : INRETS, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371908953.
Full textINRETS-LÉAT = Institut national de recherche sur les transports et leur sécurité-Laboratoire d'épidémiologie appliquée à la sécurité des transports. Bibliogr. p. 149-151. Résumé.
Bassenne, Paul-Henri. "Contribution à l'étude de problèmes posés par les accidents de la route en 1991." Besançon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BESA3030.
Full textRajaa, Adil. "Responsabilité civile et indemnisation en matière d'accident de la circulation au Maroc." Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PERP0602.
Full textDausse-Viala, Monique. "Le conducteur dans le droit des accidents de la circulation." Toulouse 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU10023.
Full textWhile the notion of "driver" was merely implied in the bills before 1985, the concept was given a definite juridical content with the law registered as "the Badinder act", which amounts to a real case law in the matter of road accidents. The driver of engine-powered land vehicles is an infinitely variable notion that encloses in one person both the torfeesor and the victim. The July 5th 1985 act has set up, for both, very definite rules: as a victim, the driver at fault will not be entitled to the preferential treatment the other victims can claim; as a tortfeasor he will not be held merely as "liable" for damages, but rather as in a position to "compensate" victim through insurance, in so far as his vehicle has been involved in a road accident
Honoré, Frédéric. "Pathologies non-traumatiques du genou chez le cycliste sur route." Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M196.
Full textLenguerrand, Érik. "L'exposition au risque routier et sa prise en compte dans les analyses épidémiologiques des accidents de la route selon la disponibilité de l'information." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10018.
Full textDetermining the primary road safety risk requires knowing the population at risk of being crash involved. Exposure to road risk is difficult to analyse as it is a multidimensional concept and the necessary information is often missing. Firstly, the characteristics of road exposure concept are described in a Chapter on the State of the art. Secondly, the epidemiological and accidentological approaches that allow estimating the road risk when the information on the exposure is available are discussed. Thirdly, the methods of induced and quasi-induced exposure, which are uses for determining accident risks in absence of exposure data, are compared with case control study approach. Finally, the relevance of primary safety conclusions obtained through secondary road safety data, are discussed. This work describes the strengths and weaknesses of different methods used for taking in account the role of exposure to road risk in observational analysis of primary safety
Jouzier, Benoît. "Médicaments et accidents de la circulation routière." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR2P004.
Full textTadili, Fatima Ezzahra. "L'indemnisation des victimes d'accidents de la circulation au Maroc." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0768.
Full textIn Morocco, there was no law, as such, related to road accidents. The indemnity of the victims emanated from the powerful sovereign of the tribunals, to be able to assert in every opportunity by the supreme court. In such system of generosity and forgiveness which stretch besides in the evaluation of responsibility, the legislator put an end to this generosity by imposing a table of indemnity on the magistrates as part of dahir of october 2nd 1984. This dahir was issued to determine and culminate damages entitled to compensation by leaving in courts the power of evaluation of civil liability. We can only be satisfied for the system of the limitation of indemnity by regretting the imperfections from which dahir suffers. It is desirable to put right it as it is to hope that it supplements the work which it has just begun, by a review of texts regarding traffic accidents
Eckly, Pierre. "L'intensité du contrôle exercé par le juge de l'excès de pouvoir." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR30006.
Full textAs the impact of administrative judge exercising his ultra vires jurisdiction has acquired its autonomy, the better the existence of different degres on supervision has been perceived. Contemporary analysis on the scop0e of ultra vires jurisdiction has been able to discover a phenomenon of intensity on supervision. The account for his extent on a method of gradation in supervisory jurisdiction over unilateral acts of adminitrative bodies lies on the superposition of achievements from various periods. The authorities on ultra vires and the subsequent jurisprudence have continuously tend to reach the common supervision jurisdiction; so that each important stage of development has worked out a type of supervision which agglomerated to the type worked out during the former stage. In the middle of the nineteenth century the classification of cases on which nullity might be adjudged, previously based on supervision of jurisdiction, was enriched by a new case resting on breach of law. Overlapping this first division, the modern segmentation of supervision based on the grounds for judgment is also attributable to the adjunction of the "normal" supervision tot he "minimum". Supervision. Under this later shape, the judge became so constrained by the competition between enlarged and limited supervision that he felt the need for a compromise
Al, Enezi Fahad. "L’indemnisation des victimes d’accidents de la circulation en droit saoudien : étude comparée au droit français." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR30009.
Full textThe thesis deals with the indemnification of road accident victims in saudi arabian law, a comparative study with french law. An introductory chapter contains a general study of the legal clauses ruling the indemnification of road accident victims, their nature in saudi arabian law and their evolution with the passing time, from the beginning to these days in french law. The first part deals with a detailed examination of the indemnification of road accident victims, defining the enforcement field and the content of the rules of saudi arabian law concerning road accident, companing them with those of the french law of july 5, 1985 applying to road accident victims. It is an indemnification entitlement of which certain conditions absolutely must be fulfilled for the road accident to entitle the victim to be indemnified, in saudi arabian law as well as in french law (first part). The study of the extent of indemnification entitlement for road accident victims (title 1) leads us to study the cases where this entitlement is adjustable because of the existence of some factors liable to have an effect on this right, which certainly is a principle, but still remains adjustable (title II). If the first part is related to the "right" of the victims to be indemnified, the second part concerns the details of the indemnification, that is who has to be charged for it, on the one hand (title I), and what are the modes of calculation of the indemnification used in saudi arabian law as well as in french law, on the other hand (title II)
Milet, Laurent. "La protection juridique des victimes d'accidents de trajet." Perpignan, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PERP0312.
Full textThis thesis articulates around three axis. The preliminary book deals with the specialty of transfer accident which has been admitted through 1946' s law which gave to social security the administration of professionnal risks. Since, this juridical category has scattered in other legislations of internal right or foreign law. Book one regards the study of the quality of transfer accident in positive law. Case-law reaches tops of complexity due to the question of border between industrial injuries et common accident. This complexity could be overstepped if it is admitted that transfer accident is a risk of work. Book two deals with legal redress of transfer accident first distinctive through the contractual redress of the victim's prejudice. Though, in the line of the obligation of insuring motor vehicles, as in the case of an industrial injury being a traffic accident according to july 5. 1985 law, victims can get complete redress of their prejudice through a fuller claim against the person responsible of the accident. For the author, the prospective question is the question of full redress for all victims of professionnal risks. Transfer accident has been its conquering factor. Three ways are investigated: 10) step by step progression that has already started under the influence of the protection of traffic accident victims: empirical way, never ending and discriminant; 20) adding private insurance complementary contracts to the special law of industrial injuries ; 30) general amending of industrial injuries law in direction of full redress, as in 1985 law regarding victims of traffic accidents, which implies financing by risks producers
Faucher, Michel Loic. "Caractéristiques socio-professsionnelles des accidentés de la voie publique : enquête Aquitaine 1986-87." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M071.
Full textGrimault, Yvan. "Problèmes posés par la désincarcération des blessés de la route : problèmes techniques, indications médicales, étude de leurs interférences : à propos de 88 accidents et 113 blessés." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11309.
Full textKoustanaï, Arnaud. "Le rôle de la conscience de la situation dans les accidents de la route et la production d'erreurs de conduite." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10040.
Full textNabi, Hermann. "Epidémiologie des accidents corporels de la route dans la cohorte GAZEL : étude des facteurs psychologiques." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA11T045.
Full textBelanger, Nicolas. "Elaboration d'un système d'aide au diagnostic des accidents de la route par une approche cognitive." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30028.
Full textResearches developed in this thesis constitute a contribution to the study of the traffic road accident diagnosis. The diagnosis task has been define thanks to terminology analysis of the diagnosis and to a study of the " accident cases analysis " task implemented by INRETS searchers. Characteristics of this task have led us to conceive an Aid System made of two entities and to implement a hybrid approach of Knowledge Engineering. The first entity called the Generic Model of Accident (GMA), have been elaborated by the use of the Knowledge Oriented Design method (KOB) where some concepts have had to be adapted to our application domain. The second entity, called the Causal Research Process have been elaborated by use of the Richard Benjamin'library of Problem Solving Methods. The construction of the GMA is based on a corpus of traffic accidents cases extracted from INRETS Accident Deep Study Database. Adaptations of KOD's concepts have to be because of the application domain. The vocation of GMA is to provide a model of accident taking in account the three components of the Human - Vehicle- Environment system. .
Houidi, Ajmi Dogui Abdelwaheb Fayet Michel. "Nouvelle formulation de la dynamique du choc application aux accidents des véhicules à deux roues /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=houidi.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 137-141.
Khlifi, Tahar. "Représentation, communication, prévention : l'automobile et l'accident de la circulation." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0058.
Full textAlizon, François. "Les traumatisés graves de la route : de la prise en charge au traitement chirurgical : à propos de 309 malades relevés par le SMUR de Clermont-Ferrand." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF13046.
Full textVillieux, Arnaud. "La colère au volant et ses conséquences sur le risque routier chez les jeunes automobilistes : Validation française de l'échelle de colère au volant D.A.S (driving anger expression inventory) et de l'inventaire d'expressions de la colère au volant D.A.X (Driving anger expression inventory)." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H098.
Full textThe aim of this PhD was to test for the first time in France through eight empirical studies, the relationships between trait driving anger, how people express their anger while driving, traffic violations and accidents among young drivers. We translate and validate in French the Driving Anger Scale (Deffenbacher et al. , 1994) and the Driving Anger Expression Inventory (Deffenbacher et al. , 2002). High positive correlations were observed between D. A. S. And aggressive forms of anger expression from D. A. X and also with violations. Anger evoked by progress impeded situations and use of the vehicle to express anger were good predictors of self-reported violations. Driving logs show that encounter anger-provoking situations while driving is rather frequent during short and usual trips. The implications of the findings for intervention strategies were considered
Moreau, Baptiste. "Modélisation statistique de la géométrie 3D de la cage thoracique à partir d'images médicales en vue de personnaliser un modèle numérique de corps humain pour la biomécanique du choc automobile." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS030/document.
Full textRoad safety is a major issue of public health and personal safety. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), nearly 1.2 million people die each year worldwide due to road accidents (2015). According to accident data, 36.7% of serious injuries are caused by thoracic injuries (Page et al., 2012). The aim of biomechanics in passive safety is to improve our understanding of the human body in order to build better tools for assessing the risk of injury.Numerical human body models are used to virtually simulate the conditions of an accident. Today, they are increasingly used by car manufacturers and equipment manufacturers to better understand injury mechanisms. However, they exist only in few sizes and do not take into account the morphological variations observed in the population.3D medical imaging gives access to the geometries of the different anatomical structures that make up the human body. Today, hospitals are full of 3D images covering a very large part of the population in terms of age, body size and sex.The overall objective of this thesis is to statistically model the 3D geometry of the rib cage from medical images in order to personalize a numerical human body model to simulate car crash conditions.The first objective is to develop a segmentation process based on CT-scans in order to obtain geometric data adapted to the construction of a statistical model of shape of the rib cage.The second objective is to build a statistical model of the shape of the rib cage, taking into account its articulated structure.The third objective is to use the statistical model of the rib cage to deform a numerical human body model, in order to study the influence of certain parameters on the risk of injury
Ouedraogo, Manhamady. "Accidents de la route et recours aux soins chez les enfants de moins de 15 ans à Ouagadougou." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC042.
Full textRoad traffic injuries among children are now a major public health problem worldwide. Very little research has been done on this subject in Africa. In Burkina Faso, there is a lack of research on the population of children under 15 years of age to our knowledge. The aim of this thesis is to contribute, on the one hand, to a better knowledge of children's road accidents and their consequences and, on the other hand, to analyse the use of victims' care according to the supply and demand for care. The methodology is based on a mixed approach, using a quantitative and qualitative approach. The results made it possible to highlight the residential areas linked to children's accidents in their daily activities, the different traumas and the care circuit according to the supply and demand for care. The results also reveal all the socio-economic and health difficulties during and after the changeover at the Centre Hospitalier universitaire pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle
Huguenin-Richard, Florence. "Approche géographique des accidents de la circulation : propositions de modes opératoires de diagnostic : appplication au territoire de la métropole lilloise." Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA1021.
Full textKouassi, Kouadio. "La mise en mouvement de l'action civile devant les juridictions répressives en matière d'accidents de la circulation routière survenus en Côte d'Ivoire." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR30005.
Full textThis study is composed of two parts. The first one deals with the general rules of admissibility laid down in the code of criminal procedure. In this part the requirements of admissibility prescribed by section 2 subjection 1 are analysed. These conditions are two : first a criminal fault and secondly a direct and personal injury. But this study is not limited to the requirements of admissibility contained in the code of criminal procedure. In the second part, it also examines different other rules having an influence on the admissibility of the civil action. For, when there are particular rules establishing a special system of compensation of the victim or when there is a clash between bankruptcy rules and rules of the code of criminal procedure, the admissibility of the civil action is not submitted to the latter but to the demands of the social, political and economical background of the Ivory Coast
CHAUPIN, FLORENCE. "Analyse d'une etude portant sur les accidents iatrogenes medicamenteux observes pendant six mois dans le service des urgences et de medecine interne de l'hopital nord de marseille." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX20178.
Full textOrriols, Ludivine. "Santé et insécurité routière : influence de la consommation de médicaments (Étude CESIR-A)." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21723/document.
Full textIn recent decades, attention has been increasingly focused on the impact of disabilities and medicinal drug use on road safety. Psychoactive medicines may impair driving abilities due to their action on the central nervous system (e.g. sedation in the morning following administration of a hypnotic), while other medicines may affect psychomotor functions by their action on physiological functions (e.g hypoglycaemic seizures related to diabetic treatment). The CESIR-A project was set up to improve the epidemiological knowledge on medicines and the risk of road traffic crashes. The study matched three French nationwide databases: the national healthcare insurance database, police reports, and the police national database of injurious crashes, leading to the inclusion of 72,685 drivers involved in an injurious road traffic crash from July 2005 to May 2008. Two methods were performed for data analysis: a case-control analysis in which cases where responsible drivers and controls non-responsible ones and a case-crossover analysis. Medicine exposures were estimated from prescription drug dispensations in the healthcare reimbursement database. The study of medicines grouped according to the four levels of driving impairment risk of the French classification system [from 0 (no risk) to 3 (high risk)], showed that users of level 2 and level 3 prescribed medicines were at higher risk of being responsible for the crash (OR=1.31 [1.24-1.40] and OR=1.25 [1.12-1.40], respectively). The fraction of road traffic crashes attributable to levels 2 and 3 medicines was 3.3% [2.7%-3.9%]. Zolpidem use was associated with an increased risk of being responsible for a road traffic crash (OR=1.28 [1.07-1.53]) whereas use of zopiclone and benzodiazepine hypnotics use was not. Responsibility risk was only increased in the 139 drivers with dispensing of more than one pill of zolpidem a day during the five months before the crash (OR=2.38 [1.61-3.52]). Case-crossover analysis showed an increased risk of crash for benzodiazepine hypnotic users only (OR=1.42 [1.09-1.85]). Hypnotic users shared similar crash characteristics, with crashes more likely to occur on highways. In our database, 196 drivers were exposed to buprenorphine and/or methadone on the day of crash. This specific population was young, essentially males, with important co-consumption of other substances, in particular alcohol and level 3 medicines. Injured drivers exposed to buprenorphine and/or methadone on the day of crash, had an increased risk of being responsible (OR=2.19 [1.51-3.16]). The case cross-over analysis did not demonstrate any association (OR=1.26 [0.93 - 1.70]). Our study provides evidence of the contribution of medicines to the risk of road traffic crashes. According to our results, the French risk classification seems relevant regarding medicines classified as levels 2 and 3 of risk for road traffic crashes. The observed increased risks of being responsible for a crash for zolpidem and substitution maintenance treatment users may be linked to risky behaviors. Improving driver behaviour is one of the challenges for road safety. Providing patients with proper information on the potential effect of medicines on their driving abilities is the main objective of drug and risk classifications such as the French one
D'Amours, Monia. "Modèle d'analyse zonale des accidents de la route en milieu urbain, le cas de Sherbrooke, 1986 et 1991." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8639.
Full textLabonté, Sébastien. "Expérimentation du système de positionnement global (GPS) pour la localisation des accidents de la route en Montérégie." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2408.
Full textBOYERA, FLORENCE. "Analyse des lesions de la face dans les accidents de la route : a propos de 298 cas." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M285.
Full textLabonté, Sébastien. "Expérimentation du système de positionnement global (GPS) pour la localisation des accidents de la route en Montérégie." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2004.
Find full textVernier, Karine. "Les Incidences du tracé routier et des états de chaussée sur le comportement des usagers vis-à-vis de la vitesse et de la sécurité." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR1EC04.
Full textThis thesis deals with safety, speed and road maintenance. We especially focus on the impact of road characteristics on two principal items related to the road user: road safety and travel time. The actual systems consider the costs of the maitre d'ouvrage as one of the principal determinants in the decision of repairing or not a given road. In this study, we go a step ahead and we propose a better optimization of the road surface characteristics by considering the cost incurred by the users. Here, we especially focus on road safety and on travel time thanks to a behavioral model with multi-levels: accident frequency, accident severity and speed. First, we quantify the relationship between road characteristics and accident frequency and severity by using discrete regression models of multinomial logit type. This multi-level analysis has been chosen because it permits to take into account behavioral parameters, especially speed (which is a measure of the user's accepted risk) in the explanation of the accident frequency and severity. The vehicles' speed is then linked to the road and traffic characteristics and to the associated frequency and severity probabilities, the latter giving a measure of the user's perceived risk. The vehicles'speed is estimated with a regression model that simultaneously determinate a convenient functional form of our relationships. Not constrained functionnal forms are obtained thanks to box-cox transformations of the parameters. The optimal functional forms we obtain are often different from the predetermined forms and lead to better forecasts. This remark also for the modeling of the frequency and the severity of accidents. The next step of this work will be to consider other individual factors like driver's age and sex, vehicle's technology or economic indicators to specify a more complete behavioural model. Moreover, our formalization is made on a choice based sample which permit to complete at low cost the data base
Tao, Xiang Tong. "Etude de la tolérance du thorax humain au choc latéral et des critères de blessure." Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0017.
Full textThe aim of this research is to diminish the consequences of road accidents for those involved. An analysis is carried out of the external factors influencing the gravity and mechanisms of injury. The tolerance of the human thorax in lateral impact is also estimated with conditions similar to a side impact motor accident
Jaskulski, Jean-Yves. "Contribution à la définition d'outils d'aide à la modélisation : application au choc latéral de véhicule automobiles." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0673.
Full textHouidi, Ajmi. "Nouvelle formulation de la dynamique du choc : application aux accidents des véhicules à deux roues." Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2005ISAL0053/these.pdf.
Full textAchit, Hamza. "Analyse économique des préjudices et des indemnisations des accidents de la circulation routière : une approche par la victime." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0049.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the economic consequences of road accidents for the injured victims. We study the impacts in terms of health spending and in terms of sick leave. The analyses rely on an original dataset obtained by a specific extraction from the information system of the French Health Insurance. This information system constitutes an almost exhaustive database of victimsof road accidents.Different descriptive and econometric analyses are conducted. First, we use generalized estimating equations models to analyze the determinants of extra health expenses, and survival models for the analysis of the determinants of economic loss related to a sick leave episode. Secondly, we analyze the evolution of these extra expenses and losses over time by means of agroup-based trajectory model. This method also allowed us to establish a typology of injured victims based on the similarity of long-run outcomes. Finally, to inform the public and decision makers on the costs occasioned for the different types of accident victims we evaluate the averagecausal effect of an accident with the exact matching method