Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Account of consumption'
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MacDonald, Margaret E. "Can Sustainable Updates Account For Gas Consumption Commuting To Work?" The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608581.
Full textAbstract Suburbs have long been a place near and dear to the hearts of many, they provide private property, large homes and a sense of security. They have traditionally been located far from city centers and also far from jobs. The following paper researchers whether or not suburban homes can be updated to compensate for the extra distance their inhabitants have to commute to work. The study looks at three case houses in the focus area of Continental Ranch, a Pulte suburb. The follow research was performed using a cost benefit analysis on three case homes and four case vehicles. The results were calculated using available data, estimates and website based calculators. The five upgrades calculated were CFL/LED light bulb replacement, water fixture upgrades, fridge replacement, rainwater harvesting and installation of solar panels. The case homes varied in size from 1,369 to 3,609 square feet and were built between 1989 and 2001. The homes have between two to five bedrooms and two to three bathrooms. The cars chosen as vehicle options for comparison were the Toyota Prius, the Honda Civic, the Honda Odyssey and the Chevrolet Tahoe, all 2016 models. The results found that all three homes could be upgraded to compensate for the annual cost of gas consumption of all four car options. It should be noted that these calculations did not take into account the cost of the upgrades, but rather the savings it would procure.
Kent, Christopher J. (Christopher John). "Essays on the current account, consumption smoothing, and the real exchange rate." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10328.
Full textHerrera, Barraiga Luis Oscar. "Essays on the current account, the real exchange rate and durable consumption." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10837.
Full textScanlon, Erik R. "Big box, no more quick fixes : a historical account of consumption, retail and discount shopping typologies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67251.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. [102-103]).
As of 2011, the fastest growing sectors of the American economy are related to, or directly involved in the retail business. The conditions which led to this phenomenon are rooted in the fundamental precepts of capitalism, national growth and social welfare. European retail entrepreneurs worked with manufacturers at the onset of mass-production to transform working class society into a culture of consumers. The strategies employed during this time provide valuable insights for planners grappling with the largely misunderstood processes of today's retailing industry. Consumption lies at the core of civilization. Trading centers have existed alongside civilization's evolutionary march and will continue to steam ahead. The world's largest private employer, real estate owner and good's provider is WalMart. A company's whose name has become synonymous with greed and a glutinous American lifestyle, where the size of our waists, waste and debt has become as swollen and distended as our sprawling retail landscape. Any serious remedy to this process entails a proviso for our profession; we need to understand the historical incubation of our society in conjunction with production, consumption and their spatial products as an interdependent process with directional consequences. Surpassing the specious solutions requires a manifold understanding of the existing social, economic, and physical conditions further entrenching us in this contemporary paradox. "Big box" is simply the latest product, produced and desired by a culture of consumption. It is my position that the public and our profession would be better served if the research uncovered the complexity of consumption and made the case, for or against "big box" repurposing. I find little value in repurposing vacant "big box" and comment on three emerging retail typologies: (1) Mall Remix, (lifestyle centers with mixed use); (2) Peg + Podium, (stacked discounters with(out) integrated residential in urban settings); and (3) Wrapper, (discount retail surrounded by mix use). I argue that vacant regional centers have the highest propensity for repurposing as Mall Remix, but are contingent on regional specific demographics and amenities. I propose that highly concentrated, low income areas in the Northeast should serve as potential locations for Peg + Podium new construction, and indicate the dangers of integrating a high capital asset with an inflexible, low capital base in the event of a vacancy. Similarly, I warn against the elevated parking structure in the Wrapper typology as a limitation for growth. Lastly, I indicate the value in studying the retail industry's logistics network as a potential method for planners to track urban growth.
by Erik R. Scanlon.
M.C.P.
Oliveira, Ana Cecília Gomes Campos de. "O défice externo português (1960-2001): a abordagem intertemporal da balança corrente." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/904.
Full textA abordagem intertemporal vê a balança corrente como um amortecedor dos choques temporários no produto, investimento e gastos públicos, através do qual os agentes privados podem fazer o alisamento do consumo ao longo do tempo. Este trabalho baseia-se no modelo intertemporal da balança corrente para avaliar a solvência e sustentabilidade dos défices externos portugueses ao longo do período 1960-2001. Também é analisada a optimalidade dos fluxos de capitais, deduzindo uma trajectória óptima da balança corrente contra a qual é comparada a trajectória observada. Os resultados empíricos indicam que o modelo se ajusta bem, sendo capaz de explicar os principais movimentos da balança corrente. Conclui-se que a economia portuguesa é solvente e que os agentes privados conseguiram, ao longo do período, fazer o alisamento do consumo. Os resultados indicam ainda que os défices correntes portugueses são excessivos desde meados dos anos 60, resultando numa trajectória dos activos externos líquidos que não é sustentável.
The intertemporal approach views the current account as a buffer through which private agents can smooth consumption over time in response to the temporary disturbances to output, investment and government expenditure. This paper uses an intertemporal model of the current account to examine the solvency and sustainability of Portuguese's current account deficits over the period 1960-2001. It also analyses the optimality of its capital flows by comparing the actual current account series against a current account's optimal path derived from the model. The empirical results indicate that the model performs well overall and it is capable of explaining the major cyclical movements in Portugal's current account. The findings indicate that the Portugal economy appeared to satisfy its intertemporal budget constraint during the period and the hypothesis of full consumption smoothing cannot be rejected. The results also suggest that Portuguese's current account deficit have become excessive since the mid-1960s resulting in an unsustainable path of the stock of net foreign liabilities.
Delikan, Mehmet Deniz. "Changing Consumption Behavior of Net Generation and the Adoption of Streaming Music Services : Extending the Technology Acceptance Model to Account for Streaming Music Services." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12519.
Full textThe rise of the streaming music services and the decreasing importance of physical distribution is an inevitable change that the industry has been facing, which is resulting from the so-called internet revolution over the past few years. Through years, the music business has already shifted to online platform with the birth of file sharing. Today, a generation who had grown up digital came to age. Members of this generation have different consumption habits than before, and have different motives toward consumption.
The consumer behavior of this group was examined at different stages of the digital revolution during last decade. However, although there is a wide number of researches have examined online consumer behavior and the adoption file-sharing technologies, no study investigated the use of streaming music services. Therefore, in order to understand the changing consumption behavior of the net generation music consumers, and to under-stand the use of streaming music services, this study extends the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to account the streaming music services. A questionnaire based empirical study was administrated among the users of Sweden based streaming music service Spotify. Results confirm that there is a significant relationship between users‟ perceived usefulness of service use, and their attitude toward using and their behavioral intention to use. In addition, it is also confirmed by the results that advertisement/charge, flow, and social influence are effective in explaining the motives of users‟, and the use of streaming music services. Furthermore, according to the findings of the study streaming music services have a positive effect on decreasing the music piracy.
Кулінченко, Георгій Васильович, Георгий Васильевич Кулинченко, Heorhii Vasylovych Kulinchenko, and Ю. А. Никулин. "Исследование структуры системы автоматизированного контроля и учета электроэнергии." Thesis, Сумский государственный университет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/39241.
Full textSilva, Júlia Goes da. "Mobilidade de capital no Brasil no período de 1970-2007: análise pela abordagem intertemporal da conta corrente." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1892.
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A discussão teórica em torno da mobilidade do capital pode ser divida em dois pontos de referência: um conduzido pela mensuração da relação entre poupança e investimento domésticos, conforme Feldstein e Horioka (1980); o outro pela análise das variâncias da conta corrente teórica e observada, como propõe Ghosh (1995). Ambos trouxeram importantes contribuições para testar suposições sobre o fluxo de capital entre nações, entretanto, o presente trabalho segue a linha de Ghosh (1995), se preocupando com a análise da conta corrente sob as hipóteses de equilíbrio intertemporal, limitando-se ao caso brasileiro no período de 1970 a 2007. Com o fim de encontrar evidências sobre o grau de mobilidade internacional do capital para o país, e sobre o comportamento suavizador da conta corrente, seguiu-se em boa medida a metodologia utilizada em Huang (2010), que levanta a hipótese da importância de incluir as variáveis taxa real de juros mundial e termos de troca no modelo básico de Ghosh (1995). Utilizando o método de Variável Instrumental, não foi possível estabelecer o grau de mobilidade de capital para o Brasil entre 1970-2007, pois o parâmetro que capta a relação entre produto líquido e conta corrente mostrou-se estatisticamente não diferente de zero. Todavia, a inclusão dos termos de troca e da taxa de juros ao modelo, resultou em melhor ajustamento das estimativas, confirmando a importância dessas para explicar os movimentos da conta corrente. Os resultados obtidos pelo VAR mostraram que a série gerada para a conta corrente teórica não se ajusta à observada. Entretanto, os resultados reafirmam a importância de incluir aquelas variáveis, e conduzem à constatação de excesso de mobilidade do capital entre 1970-2007. Mas, quando se observa a série teórica em subperíodos, de 1970-1989, de 1990-2007 e de 1994-2007, verifica-se que, para o modelo expandido (que inclui as variáveis propostas),o excesso de mobilidade não ocorre após 1994.
The theoretical debate on capital mobility can be divided into two strands in the literature: one based on measuring the saving-investment correlation following Feldstein and Horioka (1980) seminal paper; the other one comparing the variance of the theoretical current account derived from an intertemporal equilibrium model with its actual counterpart, as proposed by Ghosh (1995). In the present work it is analyzed the Brazilian case from 1970 to 2007 following the line of Ghosh (1995) who focuses on the analysis of the current account under the hypothesis of intertemporal equilibrium. In order to find evidence of the degree of international capital mobility, and of the behavior of smoothing current account, it is followed largely the model developed in Huang (2010) who investigated the importance of including world real interest rate and terms of trade in the basic model of Ghosh (1995). Using the method of Instrumental Variable as proposed in Huang (2010) the degree of capital mobility for Brazil between 1970 and 2007 could not be correctly evaluated because the key parameter that measures the degree of capital mobility was not statistically different from zero in all models estimated. However, it is found that the inclusion of terms of trade and interest rate in the estimated models improve the model fit to the actual current account, confirming the importance of these variables to explain its movements. Comparing the variances it is found that the generated theoretical current account does not match the volatility of the observed one leading to the finding of “excess mobility” as defined in Ghosh (1995) in the whole sample. Nevertheless, when we divide the theoretical series in three periods, namely, 1970-1989, 1990-2007 and 1994-2007, a different result emerges for the complete model (comprising all the variables proposed) with the “excess mobility” no longer holding after 1994.
SILVA, JULIO MARCO ALVES DA. "ESTIMATION OF THE FAMILY CONSUMPTION FOR NATIONAL ACCOUNTS - THE PROPOSITION OF A METHODOLOGY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2001. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=1728@1.
Full textTendo como objetivo a construção de uma metodologia para a estimação do agregado do Consumo Pessoal para as Contas Nacionais do Brasil, o presente trabalho contém a definição de uma modificação sobre o Estimador de Regressão de Nadaraya-Watson (NWRE), que objetiva o uso de uma rede neural tipo RBF sobre dados provenientes de duas pesquisas dotadas de planos amostrais amplamente diferenciados, quais sejam: POF e PNAD. A partir da aplicação de tal modelo, são obtidos dados e calculados erros estimados, além de outras estatísticas que se mostram úteis na validação das estimativas.
It is the objective of this dissertation to produce a methodological framework to the estimation of the Family Comsumption agregate in the brasilian National Accounts. In order to perform this task, a modification in the Nadaraya-Watson Regression Estimator (NWRE) has been developed, intended to allow the use of an RBF neural network in the context of data originated in two surveys which significantly differ in sample design, which are POF and PNAD. From the application of the developed methodology, groups of data are presented, providing results, estimated errors and other statistics useful for the comprehension and validation of the model.
El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer una metodologia para la estimación del agregado del Consumo familiar para las Cuentas Nacionales del Brasil. Para ello, se define una modificación sobre el Estimador de Regresión de Nadaraya- Watson (NWRE), que tiene como objetivo el uso de una red neural tipo RBF sobre datos provenientes de dos investigaciones dotadas de planos muestrales ampliamente diferenciados: POF y PNAD. A partir de la aplicación de tal modelo, se obtienen los datos y se calculan los erros estimados, además de otras estadísticas útiles en la evaluación de las estimativas.
Black, Kevin. "Savings and Emulation: Could the U.S. Savings Paradox Be Explained by an Arms Race to Consume?" Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1237581054.
Full textOwen, Anne Elizabeth. "Techniques for evaluating the differences in consumption-based accounts : a comparative evaluation of Eora, GTAP and WIOD." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11587/.
Full textJia-WeiHuang and 黃佳偉. "The Effects of Consumption and Income Taxes on Current Account." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44440883871859278417.
Full textChao, Hsin-i., and 趙欣儀. "The Intertemporal Model of Current Account and Budget Deficit in Taiwan under the Consumption Smoothing and Tax Smoothing." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20194480287004990480.
Full textWu, Yi-Ching, and 吳宜靜. "Predicting Dormant Accounts through Credit Card Holders’ Consumption Behavior." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74632720682661773174.
Full text國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
101
Under the increasingly competitive marketplace, especially consumers being affected by numerous products and information floods, it’s extremely difficult for enterprises to acquire new customers. Moreover, the earnings generated by those of whom are not as many as they expected. As a result, the marketing specialists are then turning their attention to customer retention, i.e., they identify lost customers and try to let them come back by providing effective marketing incentives. The object of this study is to use the credit card database to construct a prediction model for dormant accounts. We used Logistic and Probit regression models as analyzing tools, dormant status in short term and long term as independent variable, and consumption behavior as dependent variables to predict the probability to dormant. And we also analyzed correlation and significant level of every dependent variable to find out the difference between short term dormant and long term dormant. In this study, we established four indexes to describe customers’ behavior. Customer Active Index could tell whether the interval of consumptions is getting more frequent periods; Customer Reliability Index could tell whether the numbers of consumption is strongly different from the group; Hazard Ratio is the probability that the tested party shop at the moment considering his nearest purchasing period and previous patterns; and Strength ratio is the same as share of wallet. In conclusion, the dormant prediction model brings better result than the traditional way the bank used. Furthermore, those four indexes we created were strongly significant, which could explain the character of short-term and long-term dormant users. Based on this study, the marketing specialists could use these indexes and model as alarm to predict dormant accounts and then take action in advance to consolidate their relationship further.
Γιαννόπουλος, Κωνσταντίνος. "Δορυφόρος λογαριασμός τουρισμού. Θεωρία και πράξη ενός εθνικολογιστικού εργαλείου και η ελληνική προσέγγιση." Thesis, 2010. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3491.
Full textThe measurement of the economic impact of tourism (in monetary and non monetary data) in a reference economy is an issue of international concern. Especially, it has been officially accepted that the various relative measurements in the past were partial, not rationally structured, and not fully integrated. So, a complete picture for the real annual magnitude of tourism was not available. This is also the case of Greece for the procedures that have been followed in the past, as it has been officially accepted. From economic aspect, tourism is a phenomenon that means the activation of a specially formed individual consumption, for specific time, of visitors in the place of visit. In order this consumption demand to be satisfied, the supply side must meet it. That means the change in any macroeconomic item in an economy. These changes must be observed and measured. Only under this procedure the total contribution of tourism in an economy will be possible to be revealed, and the needed information for the strategic planning and political decisions, both for public and private sector, will be provided. Therefore, based on the weakness of the traditional system of national accounts to provide from the supply side the needed and credible measurements for the annual change of the size of tourism in macroeconomic terms, it has been developed and entered the international debate a special purpose tool, the Tourism Satellite Account (TSA). Researching, examine, writing down, and the methodological setting-up of the necessary for the Greek economy TSA constitute the subject of the present thesis. Starting point of the analysis is a presentation of the System of National Accounts and its weakness to cope with tourism phenomenon as a distinct category of national economy. An analysis of the TSA is following, and the doctoral thesis closes specifically with the case of Greece regarding the progress that has been achieved to date. Thus, for Greece, it is provided for the first time a complete and adapted presentation and analysis of that issue of concern, including an empirical and methodological criticism of the corresponding work. That leads in documenting and casting light on various issues, of which of much importance is that of “tourist sector” and “tourist industry”.
"Estimation of the family consumption for national accounts - the proposition of a methodology." Tese, MAXWELL, 2001. http://www.maxwell.lambda.ele.puc-rio.br/cgi-bin/db2www/PRG_0991.D2W/SHOW?Cont=1728:pt&Mat=&Sys=&Nr=&Fun=&CdLinPrg=pt.
Full textAugusto, William Julião de Jesus Azulay Bragança. "A tributação empresarial individual em Angola?: IRT e o IVA." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/22206.
Full textWith the oil crisis Angola began to feel the repercussions on the economy and Angola had to adopt an economic diversification plan that contained a diversified set of goals: reduce economic and financial dependence on oil, increase and diversify exports, decrease imports, increase production for a growing domestic market and reform the tax system. Income from employment is taxed under the Labour Income Tax (IRT), income from capital is taxed under the Capital Investment Tax and the Urban Property Tax. Profit from industrial and business activities are subject to Industrial Tax. In a first phase, the Consumer Tax Regulation was implemented, but this tax was short-lived because it did not adapt to the Angolan socio-economic structure. VAT was implemented in Angola on October 1st, 2019. The VAT came to fill the gaps that the IC had. The CIVA rules are mandatory since October 1st, 2019 for taxpayers registered with the Tax Office of Large Taxpayers and for imports of goods. For taxpayers registered with the other Tax Offices, a transitional regime is provided for, which are subject to simplified taxation. Finally, we have as a striking figure in Angola's tax system the Executive's General Guidelines for Tax Reform, approved by Presidential Decree no. 50/11 of 15 March, the celebration of Double Taxation Conventions was one of the objectives of the most recent Angolan Tax Reform.
Van, Zyl Stephanus Phillipus. "The collection of value added tax on online cross-border trade in digital goods." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13089.
Full textMercantile Law
LL.D.
De, Clercq Bernadene. "Analysing the predictors of financial vulnerability of the consumer market microstructure in SouthAfrica." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13537.
Full textManagement Accounting
D. Accounting Science
Χατζημαρινάκης, Σταύρος. "Περιφερειακοί δορυφόροι λογαριασμοί τουρισμού. Γενική θεωρία - μεθοδολογία και αναδιατάξεις για την ελληνική περίπτωση." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/5041.
Full textDesigning and implementing Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts (R-TSA) in Greece is one of the key objectives in terms of tourism and general economic policy at regional level. This thesis approaches the Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) framework and its methodological adaptation to regional level. It proposes the necessary methodological adjustments in a systematic framework recommended by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) for documenting tourism statistics for TSA compilation. Framework adjustments take place at a twofold level: a) expanding the analytical capability at regional level and b) adapting the structure according to the theoretical and methodological revisions that have taken place in recently revised international standards for tourism statistics, Tourism Satellite Accounts and the macroeconomic frameworks with which they are linked. Greece has been chosen as a case study for applying the adjusted framework at regional level. The followed methodological and evaluative approach has improved the UNWTO framework for documenting tourism statistics and has led to a systemised mapping of the Greek statistical system in relation to the analytical needs projected for the compilation of R-TSAs, constituting one of the first fundamental steps towards a long and demanding process.