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Journal articles on the topic 'Accountability of trustee'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Flannigan, Robert. "Accountability for authority." Trusts & Trustees 27, no. 3 (2021): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tandt/ttab010.

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Abstract Trustees and beneficiaries need to understand how fiduciary accountability regulates trustee authority. I intend to advance that understanding by explaining in abstract terms the nature of surrogate authority and fiduciary accountability. I will explain that opportunism is a concern wherever authority is transferred to a surrogate, and that fiduciary accountability is the generic response of the law across contexts.

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Yasmin, Sofia, and Roszaini Haniffa. "Accountability and narrative disclosure by Muslim charity organisations in the UK." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 8, no. 1 (2017): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-06-2015-0024.

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Purpose This paper aims to explore a narrative disclosure by Muslim charity organisations (MCOs) in the UK. Design/methodology/approach Using content analysis, this study assesses disclosure in MCOs’ trustee annual reports against the Statement of Recommended Reporting Practices (SORP) for charities using perspectives from accountability including the Islamic concept of accountability. Findings The findings suggest disclosure to be limited in showing how transactions and activities comply with the mandatory reporting requirements. Hence, MCOs need to increase their awareness of regulatory and

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Ihsan, Hidayatul, Maliah Sulaiman, Norhayati Mohd Alwi, and Muhammad Akhyar Adnan. "WAQF ACCOUNTABILITY FROM THE STAKEHOLDER SALIENCE THEORY: A CASE STUDY." Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance 2, no. 1 (2016): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v2i1.606.

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This study aims to address the issue of accountability in a waqf institution. Specifically, the focus of this study is to shed more light on how the mutawalli (waqf trustee) discharges accountability in managing waqf. In so doing, an interpretive case study in one Indonesian waqf institution, that is, Dompet Dhuafa (DD), was undertaken. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews. Other sources of data collection techniques employed along with the interviews include observations and document reviews. Furthermore, this study uses the accountability mechanisms as the conceptual len

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4

Dunne, Theresa. "Governance and performance reporting in Scottish charities." Journal of Financial Reporting & Accounting 11, no. 2 (2013): 112–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfra-11-2011-0015.

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Purpose – This paper aims to explore the governance and performance reporting practices of Scottish charities at a time of unprecedented legislative and regulatory reform. Such reforms include the revision of the SORP governing charity reporting and the Charities and Trustee Investment (Scotland) Act which led to the establishment of the Office of the Scottish Charity Regulator. Design/methodology/approach – This paper provides a descriptive examination of the Trustees' Reports (TRs) produced by a sample of Scottish charities; this assessment was facilitated by means of a content analysis of t

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Brouwer, Rein. "Interim Trust: A Qualitative Research on an Ecclesial Practice of Trust." Journal of Empirical Theology 27, no. 2 (2014): 239–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15709256-12341299.

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This article reports on an explorative, qualitative-empirical research on the meaning of trust between church boards of Dutch protestant congregations and the interim ministers they temporarily employ in-between incumbent ministers. Trust, or the perception of trustworthiness, is analyzed as a social constructed, multi-dimensional phenomenon. Research shows the coherence of several theoretical variables (Risk, Accountability, Encapsulated interest, Autonomy, Reciprocity, Credentials, Performance, and Context) that constitute trust in this particular and specific context. A theological evaluati

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Thompson, Jane, and Gareth G. Morgan. "Conferred ownership: approval of financial statements by small charities." Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 17, no. 3 (2020): 345–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-04-2018-0029.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how trustees of small English registered charities understand and own the reporting and accounting requirements with which their charities must comply. Design/methodology/approach The research described is a multi-pronged qualitative and inductive study of three small Yorkshire charities as they approve their annual accounts. The case studies are based on observations of trustee meetings and interviews with a range of trustees and their independent examiner or auditor. The use of a practice lens focuses on the behaviours of individuals to und

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Turner, P. G. "THE NEW FUNDAMENTAL NORM OF RECOVERY FOR LOSSES TO EXPRESS TRUSTS." Cambridge Law Journal 74, no. 2 (2015): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000819731500046x.

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THE principles for recovering monetary relief for losses to express trusts have recently been uncertain, especially in “commercial” situations. Where trustees undertook to hold money on trust for a lender and to advance the money to a borrower after receiving security documents, the trustees no doubt breach the trust by advancing the money without first receiving the security documents. However, since Target Holdings v Redferns [1996] A.C. 421, it has been uncertain what measure of relief the lender-beneficiary can recover – and especially whether the measure differs according to (1) whether t

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Assegaf, Yasmin Umar, and Tjiptohadi Sawarjuwono. "Ihtisab (Accountability) in Waqf Institutions: A Review and Synthesis of Literature." Issues In Social And Environmental Accounting 7, no. 4 (2013): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.22164/isea.v7i4.110.

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Waqf is an Islamic philanthropy which has a very big maslahah for the ummah, but less understood by community due to the lack of socialization. Research findings show the weaknesses on accounting and accountability in waqf institutions that reduce waqf maslahah, the lost or <br />dormant of waqf assets. Most of nazhir (trustee) do not manage waqf assets accountably, efficiently, and effectively. In addition, they also do not present it properly in the financial statement and report it to the public. The situation is due to the unavailability of waqf accounting standard for nazhir. This s

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Storey, Elin, and Linda Pilkey-Jarvis. "TRAINING, TESTING, DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCY AND AUDITING A DRILL OR SPILL RESPONSE: DRILLTRAC." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (2005): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-123.

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ABSTRACT The State of Washington developed DRILLTRAC, a training and competency program for managing oil spills and drills. DRILLTRAC represents an organizational commitment to stand-up a well qualified team at spills of all levels in order to fulfill a fundamental trust responsibility to protect public health, safety and the environment. The agency intends to hold itself to the same high standards that are expected from the regulated community. In addition, through the development of a well qualified team, the agency will be able to assist those unregulated spillers with providing an initial

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10

Fox, Justin, and Kenneth W. Shotts. "Delegates or Trustees? A Theory of Political Accountability." Journal of Politics 71, no. 4 (2009): 1225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022381609990260.

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11

Davies, Howard. "New directions in local accountability: Can the people be trusted?" Public Money & Management 8, no. 1-2 (1988): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540968809387464.

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12

Williamson, Alexandra, Belinda Luke, Diana Leat, and Craig Furneaux. "Founders, Families, and Futures: Perspectives on the Accountability of Australian Private Ancillary Funds." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 46, no. 4 (2017): 747–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0899764017703711.

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This research explores perspectives on the accountability of Private Ancillary Funds (PAFs), a type of Australian endowed philanthropic foundation. PAFs are relatively new giving structures that have experienced strong growth over the past 15 years. With limited regulatory obligations and exemptions available from public reporting, PAFs have discretion in various forms of public accountability. Using Ebrahim’s conceptual framework of nonprofit accountability, this study explores PAF accountability in terms of to whom, for what, how, and why, examining tensions between PAFs’ private form and pu

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Ahmad, Paiman. "Corruption in the extractive industry sector reinventing trusted governance "Iraqi Case"." Central and Eastern European eDem and eGov Days 325 (February 14, 2018): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/ocg.v325.22.

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In the natural resource governance, corruption and transparency both got high attraction from the public and worldwide institutions, which focus on transparency, corruption and good governance. Tackling corruption in extractive industry in countries endowed with natural resources is the core concern for the people, yet governments in most developing countries are not concerned about being prepared for the transparency and accountability initiatives for creating open governments. This study offers a review existing literature aiming at evaluating the impact of E-Government for transparency and

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Lum, Lillie, and Jim Gough. "Volunteer Governance of Health Services in Canada: Redundant or Relevant?" Healthcare Management Forum 18, no. 1 (2005): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)60299-2.

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With the continued growth in size and complexity of healthcare organizations, trustees/directors are increasingly called upon to provide strategic leadership. In response, new recruitment methods have been adopted in order to meet the need for skilled and knowledgeable trustees. Volunteer governance models need to be carefully evaluated in comparison to government control models in order to determine how relations of accountability and responsibility change with a shift in models. The central question is whether volunteer governance remains a viable concept in Canada.

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Schaeffer, Donna M., and Donald (Nick) Rouse. "Effective Academic Advisory Committee Relationships." Contemporary Issues in Education Research (CIER) 7, no. 1 (2013): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/cier.v7i1.8308.

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Recently, accrediting bodies are placing great responsibility for accountability on universities and academic schools, departments, and programs. The goal of the increased accountability is improved quality of teaching and learning. In this paper, we describe several levels of accountability for quality teaching and learning in a small, private, liberal arts college. We describe the role the Universitys Board of Trustees. Moving to the School of Business Administration, we explain several activities the Board of Visitors facilitate and participate in. Then, we localize to the Department of Inf

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Nurunnabi, Mohammad. "Political governance and (account)ability of private universities in developing countries." International Journal of Public Sector Management 29, no. 6 (2016): 522–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-09-2014-0112.

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Purpose Due to scarcity of research in governance and accountability in private higher education in developing countries, the purpose of this paper is to explore the tensions surrounding good governance in legitimizing accountability in private universities in developing countries with reference to Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach Mixed methods are employed: a quantitative survey of 1,576 students from all 79 private universities; qualitative interviews with 23 stakeholders; and policy documents including the Private University Acts, the World Bank Report and newspapers (1992-2015) were

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Benvenisti, Eyal. "Sovereigns as Trustees of Humanity: On the Accountability of States to Foreign Stakeholders." American Journal of International Law 107, no. 2 (2013): 295–333. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.107.2.0295.

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We live in a shrinking world where interdependence between countries and communities is increasing. These changes also affect—as they should—the concept of sovereignty. In past decades the predominant conception of sovereignty was akin to owning a large estate separated from other properties by rivers or deserts. By contrast, today’s reality is more analogous to owning a small apartment in one densely packed high-rise that is home to two hundred separate families. The sense of interdependency is heightened when we recognize the absence of any alternative to this shared home, of any exit from t

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Argento, Luciano, Francesco Buccafurri, Angelo Furfaro, et al. "ID-Service: A Blockchain-Based Platform to Support Digital-Identity-Aware Service Accountability." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (2020): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010165.

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Accountability refers to the need of individuals or organizations to account for their activities, accept responsibility, and disclose results in a transparent manner. Nowadays, the pervasivity of digital systems is making increasingly critical security, reliability, and trustworthiness of such services. When a service is delivered by involving different (eventually conflicting) parties, accountability could be achieved by including in digital transactions a trusted third party (TTP). Blockchain decentralizes trust, thus avoiding to rely on a single TTP. However, to deal with accountability in

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Li, Pengkun, Jinshu Su, Xiaofeng Wang, and Qianqian Xing. "DIIA: Blockchain-Based Decentralized Infrastructure for Internet Accountability." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (July 19, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1974493.

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The Internet lacking accountability suffers from IP address spoofing, prefix hijacking, and DDoS attacks. Global PKI-based accountable network involves harmful centralized authority abuse and complex certificate management. The inherently accountable network with self-certifying addresses is incompatible with the current Internet and faces the difficulty of revoking and updating keys. This study presents DIIA, a blockchain-based decentralized infrastructure to provide accountability for the current Internet. Specifically, DIIA designs a public-permissioned blockchain called TIPchain to act as

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20

Gelmini, Lorenzo. "Islamic banks: Sustainability, integrated reporting and religion." Corporate Governance and Sustainability Review 1, no. 2 (2017): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgsrv1i2p5.

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Over the last few decades a growing awareness of the role of firms in society has emerged and, consequently, a call for a different approach towards accounting and accountability. Among various proposals, Integrated Reporting (IR) represent the more recent and ambitious one, even if some critical matters have to be dealt with by companies involved in its implementation. In effect, some Authors have already highlighted that it is necessary to introduce a cultural change in order to develop a new approach with reference to the measurement and communication (Songini et al., 2015). In this sense,

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Taylor, Sue, Anthony Asher, and Julie Anne Tarr. "Accountability in Regulatory Reform: Australia's Superannuation Industry Paradox." Federal Law Review 45, no. 2 (2017): 257–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x1704500205.

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The Australian Superannuation Industry is generally seen as very strong and successful by global standards. However, three decades of legislative reform in the Australian superannuation industry have created a paradox: ongoing reforms but continuing dissatisfaction with areas of governance and outcomes. These include high levels of administrative and investment fees, and systematic problems around a culture of conflicted investment advice. In seeking to further elaborate and then resolve this paradox, this article draws upon an extensive research project conducted by the authors within the Aus

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Stiawan, Hari, and Aris Sanulika. "THE EFFECT OF PROFESSIONALISM, OBJECTIVITY, ACCOUNTABILITY, KNOWLEDGE OF THE ACCURACY OF GIVING AUDIT OPINION AND AUDIT EXPERIENCE AS MODERATING VARIABLES." EAJ (ECONOMICS AND ACCOUNTING JOURNAL) 2, no. 3 (2019): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.32493/eaj.v2i3.y2019.p175-180.

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The auditor as a party trusted by the public, the auditor will examine the financial statements and then issue a statement. This study aims to determine the effect of professionalism, objectivity, accountability, knowledge on the accuracy of the provision of audit opinions and auditor experience as a moderating variable on the influence of audit expertise on the accuracy of giving opinions by the auditor. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data. Sources of data in this study are primary data. The population in this study were auditors who worked at KAP located in South Tangera

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Dewi, Elvia Puspa. "GOOD GOVERNANCE DAN TRANSPARANSI RENCANA STRATEGI TERWUJUDNYA AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA PEMERINTAH." JURNAL LENTERA BISNIS 7, no. 2 (2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v7i2.236.

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<p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><em>The implementation of good and clean Government to realize people's aspirations and trusted by the community. the accountability of government agencies is a manifestation of the Government's obligation to account for the implementation of the Government's strategic plan to achieve the goals and objectives. Accountability and transparency of the Government is a prerequisite for the creation of bureaucracy and Government responsive to the will of the

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COOK, NICK, PAUL ROBINSON, and SANTOSH K. SHRIVASTAVA. "DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF WEB SERVICES MIDDLEWARE TO SUPPORT FAIR NON-REPUDIABLE INTERACTIONS." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 15, no. 04 (2006): 565–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843006001499.

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The use of open, Internet-based communications for business-to-business (B2B) interactions requires accountability for and acknowledgment of the actions of participants. Accountability and acknowledgment can be achieved by the systematic maintenance of an irrefutable audit trail to render the interaction non-repudiable. To safeguard the interests of each party, the mechanisms used to meet this requirement should ensure fairness. That is, misbehavior should not disadvantage well-behaved parties. Despite the fact that Web services are increasingly used to enable B2B interactions, there is curren

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Hamal, Mukesh, Kalina Heiter, Lian Schoenmakers, et al. "Social Accountability in Maternal Health Services in the Far-Western Development Region in Nepal: An Exploratory Study." International Journal of Health Policy and Management 8, no. 5 (2019): 280–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2019.05.

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Background: Social accountability or citizen-led accountability has been promoted in many low- and middle-income countries to improve the quality, access to and use of maternal health services. Experiences with social accountability in maternal health services in Nepal have not yet been documented. This study identifies existing social accountability structures and activities in maternal health services in two districts of Far-Western Nepal and explores their functions, implementation and gaps/challenges. Methods: An exploratory study was conducted that included in-depth interviews with purpos

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Kun, Xiao. "Analysis of Data Security Technology under Cloud." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 2913–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.2913.

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For the data security threats caused by out sourcing model and shared vulnerability, and base on user data in static characteristics of cloud storage services and the dynamic nature of cloud computing, it requires to propose corresponding data security protection mechanisms, in addition, in order to make the mechanism work normally, we propose a program which can be trusted and can be garnered and user can test, offer the recoverability of data and the integrity verification of data and the accountability leak of data.

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Savage, Daniel A. "Trustees, Trusteeship, and the Public Good: Issues of Accountability for Hospitals, Museums, Universities, and Libraries. (Book Review)." College & Research Libraries 50, no. 6 (1989): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crl_50_06_704.

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B. Rawat, Danda, Vijay Chaudhary, and Ronald Doku. "Blockchain Technology: Emerging Applications and Use Cases for Secure and Trustworthy Smart Systems." Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy 1, no. 1 (2020): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcp1010002.

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Blockchain, also known as a distributed ledger technology, stores different transactions/operations in a chain of blocks in a distributed manner without needing a trusted third-party. Blockchain is proven to be immutable, which helps with integrity and accountability, and, to some extent, confidentiality through a pair of public and private keys. Blockchain has been in the spotlight after successful boom of the Bitcoin. There have been efforts to leverage salient features of Blockchain for different applications and use cases. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of applications and use

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Ding, Xiaona. "Detection Method of Data Integrity in Network Storage Based on Symmetrical Difference." Symmetry 12, no. 2 (2020): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12020228.

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In order to enhance the recall and the precision performance of data integrity detection, a method to detect the network storage data integrity based on symmetric difference was proposed. Through the complete automatic image annotation system, the crawler technology was used to capture the image and related text information. According to the automatic word segmentation, pos tagging and Chinese word segmentation, the feature analysis of text data was achieved. Based on the symmetrical difference algorithm and the background subtraction, the feature extraction of image data was realized. On the

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Mahbooba, Basim, Radhya Sahal, Wael Alosaimi, and Martin Serrano. "Trust in Intrusion Detection Systems: An Investigation of Performance Analysis for Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models." Complexity 2021 (March 8, 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5538896.

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To design and develop AI-based cybersecurity systems (e.g., intrusion detection system (IDS)), users can justifiably trust, one needs to evaluate the impact of trust using machine learning and deep learning technologies. To guide the design and implementation of trusted AI-based systems in IDS, this paper provides a comparison among machine learning and deep learning models to investigate the trust impact based on the accuracy of the trusted AI-based systems regarding the malicious data in IDs. The four machine learning techniques are decision tree (DT), K nearest neighbour (KNN), random fores

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Guo, Wei, Yun Fang, Weimei Pan, and Dekun Li. "Archives as a trusted third party in maintaining and preserving digital records in the cloud environment." Records Management Journal 26, no. 2 (2016): 170–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-07-2015-0028.

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Purpose This paper aims to present a case wherein a public archive intervenes in maintaining and preserving digital records (including underlying technological infrastructure) created by a private company to protect the trustworthiness of records, thereby helping the company to discharge their accountability. Design/methodology/approach This paper details the intervention of Tianjin Municipal Archives in the management of the records of Tianjin Otis Elevator Co., Ltd, the technical infrastructure that enables and supports such configuration, the issues encountered and the theoretical implicati

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Zhang, Jingyu, Jinhui Yao, Shiping Chen, and David Levy. "Facilitating Biodefense Research with Mobile-Cloud Computing." International Journal of Systems and Service-Oriented Engineering 2, no. 3 (2011): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jssoe.2011070102.

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This paper proposes the use of a mobile-cloud by combining mobile devices and the cloud together in a biodefense and emerging infectious diseases (BEI) research application scenario. A mobile-cloud framework is developed to facilitate the use of mobile devices to collect data for, and manipulate and interact with the scientific workflows running in the Cloud. In this framework, an independent trusted accountability service is used to provide data provenance and enforce compliance among the participants of a biodefense research workflow. The authors have implemented a prototype which allows the

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Li, Peng, Junzuo Lai, and Yongdong Wu. "Publicly Traceable Attribute-Based Anonymous Authentication and Its Application to Voting." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (August 4, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6611518.

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Numerous anonymous authentication schemes are designed to provide efficient authentication services while preserving privacy. Such schemes may easily neglect access control and accountability, which are two requirements that play an important role in some particular environments and applications. Prior designs of attribute-based anonymous authentication schemes did not concentrate on providing full anonymity while at the same time holding public traceability. To address this problem, we formally define and present a new primitive called traceable attribute-based anonymous authentication (TABAA

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Dwyer, Rocky J. "Effectiveness measurement: When will we get it right?" Cuadernos de difusión 14, no. 27 (2009): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46631/jefas.2009.v14n27.04.

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Credible demonstration of policy or program impacts depends on understanding the distinction between inputs, outputs, outcomes and indicators. Moreover, in order to be trusted, public reports on a programs’ performance need to focus more selectively on identifying the key measures of performance. In the first place, the aim of the article is to provide those involved in the practice of program evaluation with enhanced understanding of the current literature, reports and documentation on estimating impacts and results of government programs and policies. Secondly, it is designed to share defini

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Calvaresi, Davide, Jean-Paul Calbimonte, Alevtina Dubovitskaya, Valerio Mattioli, Jean-Gabriel Piguet, and Michael Schumacher. "The Good, the Bad, and the Ethical Implications of Bridging Blockchain and Multi-Agent Systems." Information 10, no. 12 (2019): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10120363.

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The agent based approach is a well established methodology to model distributed intelligent systems. Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) are increasingly employed in applications dealing with safety and information critical tasks (e.g., in eHealth, financial, and energy domains). Therefore, transparency and the trustworthiness of the agents and their behaviors must be enforced. For example, employing reputation based mechanisms can promote the development of trust. Nevertheless, besides recent early stage studies, the existing methods and systems are still unable to guarantee the desired accountability

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Nagla Hussein Mohamed Khalid. "Ethics in clinical research." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 5, no. 2 (2020): 012–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2020.5.2.0091.

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Ethics in medical education research is associated with any research concerning human participants and including anthropological tissue conducted by supervising and scholars of the University. It is associated with the accountability of the researcher, to be honest, and privacy and confidentially and autonomy and respectfully to all participants who affected by their research studies. Objectives of the review: The motivation behind this report is to look at the ethical issues raised when investigating including human members. In addition, to demonstrate the important ethical consideration with

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Acton, Karen S. "School leaders as change agents: Do principals have the tools they need?" Management in Education 35, no. 1 (2020): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892020620927415.

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In the current climate of accountability and calls for school improvement, principals are dealing with unceasing demands to implement new educational reforms. Yet do school leaders feel equipped to implement these mandates? This study investigated the perceptions of experienced elementary principals on whether they felt prepared to be effective change agents. Findings showed that principals felt they had received very little professional development on how to be a leader of change. Instead, their professional learning as change agents occurred through on the job experience and networking with

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Enabulele, Amos O., and Anthony Osaro Ewere. "Can the Economic Community of West African States Community Court of Justice Enforce the African Charter Replicas of the Non-Justiciable Chapter II Human Rights Provisions of the Nigerian Constitution against Nigeria?" International Human Rights Law Review 1, no. 2 (2012): 312–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00102004.

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This article highlights a major source of tension between the Supplementary Protocol of the Economic Community of West Africa States Community Court of Justice (ECOWAS CCJ) and the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (CFRN), in relation to the enforcement of economic, social and cultural (ESC) rights against Nigeria, as manifested in a recent decision of the ECOWAS CCJ in Registered Trustees of the Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project (SERAP) v Federal Republic of Nigeria and Universal Basic Education Commission. The focus of this article on the tension is both fr

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Zhu, Maoran, and Xin Liu. "Study on Internet Finance Credit Information Sharing Based on Block Chain Technology." Asian Social Science 14, no. 2 (2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v14n2p81.

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With development of Big Data technology these years, Internet financial companies in China started trying using big data technology to do credit investigation instead of traditional methods. But there is some limitation and problem in terms of data acquisition channel, information asymmetry and data privacy protection, etc. Block chain, characterized in unalterability and decentralization comes into people's sight. This paper will introduce block chain technology, explore the use of block chain technology in Internet financial credit investigation, and put forward an internet financial credit

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Kerihi, Anthon Simon Yohanis. "PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DALAM BIDANG PEMBERDAYAAN (STUDI KASUS DESA NEKBAUN, KECAMATAN AMARASI BARAT, KABUPATEN KUPANG." Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan 8, no. 2 (2020): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jak.v8i2.2398.

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This study aims to identify and explain how the village fund management in 2018 in the field of empowerment. This will certainly be adjusted based on the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 113 of 2014 concerning Village Financial Management. This research uses qualitative method with interview technique and field documentation on 14 informants as key informants who are trusted to know about village financial management starting from the planning, budgeting, implementation, administration, reporting and accountability stages. The results of the study found that the existence of programs th

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AlTawy, Riham, and Guang Gong. "Mesh: A Supply Chain Solution with Locally Private Blockchain Transactions." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2019, no. 3 (2019): 149–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/popets-2019-0041.

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Abstract A major line of research on blockchains is geared towards enhancing the privacy of transactions through anonymity using generic non-interactive proofs. However, there is a good cluster of application scenarios where complete anonymity is not desirable and accountability is in fact required. In this work, we utilize non-interactive proofs of knowledge of elliptic curve discrete logarithms to present membership and verifiable encryption proof, which offers plausible anonymity when combined with the regular signing process of the blockchain transactions. The proof system requires no trus

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Talbot, Thomas R., Timothy H. Dellit, Joan Hebden, Danny Sama, and Joanne Cuny. "Factors Associated with Increased Healthcare Worker Influenza Vaccination Rates: Results from a National Survey of University Hospitals and Medical Centers." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 31, no. 05 (2010): 456–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/651666.

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Objective. To ascertain which components of healthcare worker (HCW) influenza vaccination programs are associated with higher vaccination rates. Design. Survey. Setting. University-affiliated hospitals. Methods. Participating hospitals were surveyed with regard to their institutional HCW influenza vaccination program for the 2007-2008 influenza season. Topics assessed included vaccination adherence and availability, use of declination statements, education methods, accountability, and data reporting. Factors associated with higher vaccination rates were ascertained. Results. Fifty hospitals re

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Laoutaris, Nikolaos, and Costas Iordanou. "What do information centric networks, trusted execution environments, and digital watermarking have to do with privacy, the data economy, and their future?" ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 51, no. 1 (2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3457175.3457181.

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What if instead of having to implement controversial user tracking techniques, Internet advertising & marketing companies asked explicitly to be granted access to user data by name and category, such as Alice→Mobility→05-11-2020? The technology for implementing this already exists, and is none other than the Information Centric Networks (ICN), developed for over a decade in the framework of Next Generation Internet (NGI) initiatives. Beyond named access to personal data, ICN's in-network storage capability can be used as a substrate for retrieving aggregated, anonymized data, or even for e

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Brown, Rob. "The citizen and trust in the (trustworthy) state." Public Policy and Administration 35, no. 4 (2018): 384–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952076718811420.

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Public sector modernization has focused on achieving greater efficiency within the institutions and agencies of the state. In comparison, the relationship between citizen and state as a basis for service improvement has received less attention. This paper describes a study that helps to redress this balance by exploring the role that trust can play as a mechanism of accountability of the state to the citizen and, as a consequence, improving their mutual cooperation. This poses a challenge for the state – to be trusted by the citizen requires being trustworthy in the eyes of the citizen. Establ

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Masip-Bruin, Xavi, Eva Marín-Tordera, José Ruiz, et al. "Cybersecurity in ICT Supply Chains: Key Challenges and a Relevant Architecture." Sensors 21, no. 18 (2021): 6057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186057.

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The specific demands of supply chains built upon large and complex IoT systems, make it a must to design a coordinated framework for cyber resilience provisioning, intended to guarantee trusted supply chains of ICT systems, built upon distributed, dynamic, potentially insecure, and heterogeneous ICT infrastructures. As such, the solution proposed in this paper is envisioned to deal with the whole supply chain system components, from the IoT ecosystem to the infrastructure connecting them, addressing security and privacy functionalities related to risks and vulnerabilities management, accountab

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Onik, Md Mehedi Hassan, Chul-Soo Kim, Nam-Yong Lee, and Jinhong Yang. "Privacy-aware blockchain for personal data sharing and tracking." Open Computer Science 9, no. 1 (2019): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/comp-2019-0005.

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AbstractSecure data distribution is critical for data accountability. Surveillance caused privacy breaching incidents have already questioned existing personal data collection techniques. Organizations assemble a huge amount of personally identifiable information (PII) for data-driven market analysis and prediction. However, the limitation of data tracking tools restricts the detection of exact data breaching points. Blockchain technology, an ‘immutable’ distributed ledger, can be leveraged to establish a transparent data auditing platform. However, Art. 42 and Art. 25 of general data protecti

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Kay, John, and Aubrey Silberston. "Corporate Governance." National Institute Economic Review 153 (August 1995): 84–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795019515300107.

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Both those who are critical of the current structure of corporate governance, and those who support it, share a common set of prenaises. The corporation is owned by its shareholders: managers exert power and responsibility on behalf of their shareholders: corporate governance is a question of effective accountability to shareholders. If there are problems, they should be dealt with by making these mechanisms more effective. This article challenges that view.The principal-agent model bears no relationship to the way large companies are actually run. The attempt to bring reality in line with the

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Aidar Erika Toding Pali, Sarwo Eddy Wibowo Dan. "SISTEM PELAYANAN BADAN AMIL ZAKAT NASIONAL (BAZNAS) KOTA SAMARINDA." DEDIKASI 21, no. 2 (2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.31293/ddk.v21i2.5007.

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Baznas as a trusted amil zakat body because it is centralized and regulated by the government of the Republic of Indonesia and has a legal basis, namely Law No. 23 of 2011 and has standardization and professionalism. This has triggered Baznas to continue to implement a good prime service system, especially in managing and distributing zakat. This is implemented through a zakat service program that seeks to ensure that zakat can be collected from benefactors and muzzaki in a professional and prime manner. This is what muzzaki demands besides good service as well as professional governance. This

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Ramchurn, Sarvapali D., Trung Dong Huynh, Feng Wu, et al. "A Disaster Response System based on Human-Agent Collectives." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 57 (December 31, 2016): 661–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.5098.

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Major natural or man-made disasters such as Hurricane Katrina or the 9/11 terror attacks pose significant challenges for emergency responders. First, they have to develop an understanding of the unfolding event either using their own resources or through third-parties such as the local population and agencies. Second, based on the information gathered, they need to deploy their teams in a flexible manner, ensuring that each team performs tasks in The most effective way. Third, given the dynamic nature of a disaster space, and the uncertainties involved in performing rescue missions, informatio

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Langley, Natalie, and MariaTeresa Tersigni-Tarrant. "Core Competencies in Forensic Anthropology: A Framework for Education, Training, and Practice." Forensic Anthropology 3, no. 2 (2020): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/fa.2020.1014.

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Forensic practice, research, and expert testimony has been scrutinized increasingly by the medicolegal system over the last several decades, requiring attention to rigor and triggering reform in the forensic sciences. One hindrance to the forensic science enterprise noted in the National Academy of Sciences report Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward is fragmentation in education and training among the forensic sciences. It is crucial that practitioners receive appropriate training in their field of expertise and that education programs demonstrate the effectiven

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