Dissertations / Theses: 'Accounting. Accounting'

1

Hamilton, Susan Elizabeth. "Accounting for identity : becoming a chartered accountant." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/127.

Full text

Abstract:

This is a qualitative study which draws on the interpretivist tradition to research the processes by which Chartered Accountant (CA) students begin to develop their sense of professional identity. The thesis draws upon recent research on identity in early professional learning, in particular the aspects of becoming and belonging through which people enter into a community of practice. The purpose of the research is to understand the developing professional identity of students of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland (CA Students). In order to develop this understanding, data gathered at a number of focus groups at which CA Students were the participants, have been analysed. The transcripts from these focus groups are the primary source of data. This was analysed thematically and metaphorically in order to explore the senses that CA Students were making of their own entry into the accountancy profession. The analysis was used inductively to produce a resulting theory which has developed as a Professional Identity Map of the CA Student (PIMCAS). It elaborates the processes that impact on the developing professional identity of the CA Student. The findings of the research illuminate the processes by which CA Students become and belong, in particular marking the influence of the Training Firm and the Individual Values of the CA Student. The notions of becoming and belonging underpin the stories the CA Students tell of how they understand their developing professional identity. The practical implication of the results of this research for the future training of CAs is finally explored.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Diggle, Graham. "European accounting harmonisation and German accounting change." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308037.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Harakeh, Mostafa. "Information asymmetry, accounting standards, and accounting conservatism." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/information-asymmetry-accounting-standards-and-accounting-conservatism(1f09d3c2-a25f-40de-8543-e58b80ba0743).html.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis consists of three self-contained essays, each assessing the interaction between financial accounting and information asymmetry from a different aspect. In the first two essays, I examine how a change in the information environment affects the behavior of market participants. In the third essay, I evaluate the empirical measurement of conditional conservatism in accounting data. Together, these studies contribute to the understanding of the role of financial reporting in mitigating the information gap between stakeholders. In the first essay, I explore the impact of the mandatory adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on dividend payout policy and the value relevance of dividends in two Western European economies. I select the UK as a major common-law country (control group) and France as a code-law country (treatment group) in order to implement a difference-in-differences methodology. My findings suggest that IFRS adoption is a major contributor in increasing dividend payouts among code-law firms, compared to common-law firms, due to a greater reduction in information asymmetry following the IFRS mandate. This makes investors in code-law firms more willing to rely on accounting measures of firm performance, thereby causing a significant and material decrease in dividend value relevance among code-law firms relative to common-law firms. In the second essay, I examine the potential for IFRS to influence the market for SEOs. I utilize a difference-in-differences methodology, where the UK (i.e. common-law firms) is the control group and France (i.e. code-law firms) is the treatment group. I argue that IFRS adoption serves to mitigate information asymmetry and improve accounting quality. Accordingly, I find that, following IFRS adoption, earnings management activities decrease among code-law firms prior to issuing SEOs. As a result of the lower levels of earnings management and information asymmetry, I predict and find that the market reaction to issuing SEOs improves significantly for code-law firms following IFRS. Given that equity financing becomes less costly, I find that the propensity to issue new SEOs increases among code-law firms after IFRS adoption. In the third and final essay, I examine the empirical measurement of conditional conservatism (CC) in accounting data. Prior studies have raised serious concerns about the bias in the asymmetric timeliness (AT) measure of CC. This measure, along with the C_Score measure, underpins a large body of empirical research on CC. Thus I endeavor to assess the extent to which prior literature may need to be revised because of its reliance on these measures. In exploring this issue, I replicate prior studies that rely on the AT or the C_Score measure, and then compare the replicated results with those generated by applying the variance ratio (VR) measure of CC, proposed by Dutta & Patatoukas (2017). I show that the AT and the VR measures are associated unconditionally. Furthermore, my findings suggest that the observed variation in the C_Score measure is driven by variation in the bias implicit in the AT measure rather than variation in CC. I also provide evidence showing that the AT measure yields similar conclusions to the VR measure in research designs that model the change in CC following an exogenous change in accounting policy; however, I find that using the AT measure to document cross-sectional differences in CC is highly likely to have given rise to invalid conclusions in a large number of studies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Valentinčič, Aljoša. "Accounting conservatism, earnings components and accounting losses." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1137/.

Full text

Abstract:

This study provides evidence on accounting conservatism based on a large sample of publicly-quoted UK companies over the period 1969-2001. The effects of conservation accounting are studied both indirectly and directly by using earnings measures containing varying levels of accruals and by further decomposing earnings into its operating cash flows and distinct accruals components. The analyses are also separated according to the sign of earnings and earnings components, and account for the effects of asset-recognition rules. Even though conservatism is an accruals phenomenon, this is the first study to provide direct empirical evidence on the role of accruals in accounting conservatism. The thesis addresses the following issues. First, under conservative accounting, earnings-decreasing changes in performance measures (reflecting economic losses) that contain more accruals mean-revert more and earnings-increasing changes (reflecting economic gains) are persistent. Working capital accruals and special items are particularly strongly mean-reverting when they are earnings-decreasing. Depreciation accruals are persistent. Second, direct tests by earnings components show that operating cash flows exhibit low timeliness overall and, given that they contain no accruals, no asymmetry in reflecting bad news. Earnings figures with more accruals exhibit more asymmetry in reflecting bad news. Working capital accruals and special items are important in this asymmetry, but depreciation is not. Interestingly, good news results in a small earnings-decreasing charge, consistent with smoothing. Lagged tests on accruals reveal that bad news from as much as three previous periods is reflected in current earnings through special items, inconsistent with conservatism. Evidence indicates that conservatism is increasing through time. The sensitivity to good news has decreased over time. To capture these changes, higher-moments measures are developed. Third, the analysis by the sign of “bottom-line” earnings does not reveal any differences in reflecting good/bad news for the profit/loss firms. Separating earnings observations by sign of cash flow also reveals no differences. In contrast, separating observations by the sign of accruals (other than depreciation) reliably shows that the asymmetric timeliness is significantly higher in the negative-accruals groups, as expected. The accruals components determine this asymmetry, rather than the operating cash flow (or, earnings by itself). Finally, less conservative recognition rules lead to stronger responsiveness of earnings to bad news, as reflected in working capital accruals and special items. Asset-specific measures of conservative recognition rules reinforce these findings. A puzzling result is that operating cash flows reveal a significant asymmetric response to bad news in the group of observations where it is least-likely to be observed (low book to market). A selection of other results by size, industry, extremity of news, methods, accounting year-ends, market-wide returns, yields, method of estimation, etc., not only corroborates, but generally strengthens the results obtained.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Jones, Christopher. "ETSU's Accounting Program: Creating CPAs." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/635.

Full text

Abstract:

Becoming a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) is the goal of many aspiring accountants. Universities and colleges prepare students to gain the necessary skills to pass this certification exam; however, the CPA exam is increasingly difficult, and students continuously struggle trying to pass all four parts of the CPA exam. The goal of this research project is to gain a better understanding of how ETSU can better prepare students to become CPA exam ready, since this certification leads to increased job opportunities, pay, etc. A survey was sent out to 90 previous graduate students at ETSU with both multiple choice and open-ended response questions. The data was analyzed qualitatively since 16 people responded, and broad conclusions of the results were assessed. Questions in the survey asked students to give their input on how ETSU can improve the Master of Accountancy (M.Acc.) program, identify parts of the CPA exam that were troublesome and easy, how prepared students felt for the CPA exam, etc. The findings of this survey presented a wide range of opinions on ETSU’s ability to prepare students for the CPA exam and offered valuable insight to be considered.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Edelmann, Gerhard. "International Accounting Standards and Changes in Accounting Terminology." Department für Fremdsprachliche Wirtschaftskommunikation, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2010. http://epub.wu.ac.at/144/1/document.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

The language of accounting is subject to continuous change. One of the reasons for a change in terminology is the introduction of new legal requirements that bring about a change in the underlying concepts and therefore the need for new specific terms. Such a situation was created by the Regulation (EC) No. 1606/2002 on the application of international accounting standards (IAS). This regulation aims at harmonising ac-counting standards and procedures relating to the preparation and presentation of financial statements. It requires all EU companies listed on a regulated stock market to prepare accounts in accordance with IAS for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2005. We look at the texts of the mentioned regulation in several EU languages in order to identify changes regarding the designations of individual items of financial state-ments compared with the traditional terms and to find out whether the changes found differ from language to language. Then we choose the frequently used accounting term property, plant and equipment and compare financial statements published by large companies over a four-year period beginning in 2004 to find out whether there are changes in terminology in the year 2005, i.e. when listed companies were first re-quired to prepare their financial statements in accordance with IAS.
Series: WU Online Papers in International Business Communication Series Two: Business and Economic Terminology

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Reinecke, Matthew. "Forensic Accounting : /." Staten Island, N.Y. : [s.n.], 2006. http://library.wagner.edu/theses/business/2006/thesis_bus_2006_reine_foren.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Loesch, Hannes. "Kundenorientiertes Accounting." St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01665876002/$FILE/01665876002.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Al-Adeem, Khalid Rasheed. "Accounting Theory: A Neglected Topic in Academic Accounting Research." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1256045265.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis(Ph.D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2010
Title from PDF (viewed on 2009-11-23) Department of Accounting Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Mazwi, Z., and E. Stack. "The relationship between Accounting 1 and Accounting 3 results." South African Accounting Association Biennial Conference: Conference for Accounting Educators, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004609.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Begkos, Christos. "Accounting and strategizing : medical managers' use of accounting information." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/accounting-and-strategizing-medical-managers-use-of-accounting-information(dcf7df7c-b4d4-4dd5-9dfb-4a732b6c4006).html.

Full text

Abstract:

Accounting information can be instrumental to agents who strategize. Pluralistic settings are conducive to strategizing. Although the dynamics between accounting systems and strategic decision-making are well studied in the private sector, little is known about the relationship between accounting and strategizing in the pluralistic setting of healthcare. Hence, this study investigates medical managers' strategizing practices with accounting information (e.g. building cases for investment and taking on new business). Medical managers require, at least, some expertise with accounting to employ it effectively in strategizing. In consequence, the study also explores variation in medical managers' technical knowledge of costs and level of engagement with accounting information. Thus, this research answers the question of how medical managers strategize with accounting information. The study draws upon accounting and strategizing literature, which interrogates actors' strategizing practices (e.g. Paroutis & Pettigrew, 2007), the artefacts and tools that they mobilise while strategizing (e.g. Jarzabkowski et al., 2013) and how accounting and strategizing helps actors contextualize strategic objectives and accounting concepts (e.g. Jørgensen & Messner, 2010). In doing so, accounting and strategizing studies shift away from viewing strategy as a black box (Chua, 2007; Johnson et al., 2003). This study focuses on Clinical and Medical Directors; clinicians who have both medical and managerial responsibilities. This hybrid profession is increasingly important for health care organizations, however, in the past, clinicians' competence and engagement with accounting information has not been widespread (Llewellyn, 2001; Kurunmäki, 2004).The research uses a mixed methods approach to gather and analyse empirical data. Interviews were held with Clinical and Medical Directors at four selected Trusts that demonstrated a high level of engagement between finance professionals and clinicians at different organizational levels and across all clinical specialties (Department of Health, 2013). Documentary analysis examined the use of accounting information in business cases for investment, annual strategy plans and specialty reports. A survey explored the financial training, engagement and use of accounting information for the whole population of Clinical and Medical Directors of all NHS Trusts in England. The study finds that medical managers strategize via controlling, contesting and competing (C-C-C) practices. Specifically, they strategize with accounting information to control activity and expenditure, contest imposed costs, and compete, against others, for resources. In doing so, they embed accounting in business cases, bubble charts and performance reports, using these as artefacts and tools, to display the practical and general understandings of accounting which inform their strategizing practices. Thus, for pluralistic settings like healthcare, the study introduces a theoretical 'C-C-C' typology to the notion of strategizing and makes an empirical contribution to how actors strategize with accounting information.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Waheed, Abdul, and Mitsuo Ezaki. "Production, Social Accounting and Financial Social Accounting Multiplier Analyses with the Financial Social Accounting Matrix of Pakistan." Graduate School of International Development, Nagoya University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7497.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Alfahad, Khaled Fouzan. "Accounting in higher education : a grounded theory of accounting absence." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/369008/.

Full text

Abstract:

To date, very few studies have investigated accounting absence in organisations, and only two of these have investigated the absence of accounting in higher education (HE). This has posed difficulties to the author of this thesis to identify a framework of accounting absence against which to conduct the research. To mitigate this, the Grounded Theory (GT) approach was applied and developed in this research to facilitate an in-depth explanation of the issue of accounting absence. Subsequently, the researcher extensively and intensively conducted semi-structured interviews in addition to reviewing documents that would shed light on the status of accounting in the case study. Empirically, this study has – in depth - explored, examined and understood accounting absence in a leading and public university in Saudi Arabia which should contribute to the few related studies in HE and the public sector in general and in developing countries in particular. The origin, status and daily practices of its accounting system were described. For example, this research found that the University’s antiquated accounting system had rarely been subject to any updates or developments since the rules were first established in 1956, although they are criticised for being primitive, bureaucratic and centralised. After comparing the open and axial codes to reach a saturation stage of developing a theory, a substantive theory of accounting absence was introduced to explain accounting absence, and describes conditions that create, resist and/or sustain the absence of accounting by describing the strategies that are applied by those conditions. The consequences of accounting absence and these strategies are described, and finally, this research defined accounting absence, drawing a distinction between technical absence and functional absence. The substantive theory is then compared with the extant literature where this research found a new type of decoupling taking place, and new practices of coercive pressure. After the comparisons, a Formal Grounded Theory was developed to achieve an abstract theory of accounting absence that should be more applicable to studies on accounting absence in general and accounting absence in the field of HE in particular.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Silva, Soraia Cristina Pereira da. "Responsabilidade social, silent accounting e shadow accounting: estudo de caso." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22015.

Full text

Abstract:

Mestrado em Contabilidade - Fiscalidade
O presente trabalho propõe-se analisar a consistência do discurso interno de uma empresa e a informação externa divulgada. A análise dos relatórios de responsabilidade social e a reconstrução das silent-accounts e das shadow-accounts permitem analisar potenciais discrepâncias existentes. A abrangência do tema foi condicionada através do estudo de caso da barragem do Baixo sabor, com fortes impactos na sociedade e no meio ambiente, gerando maior divulgação não só por parte da empresa como também dos MEDIA. Numa ótica de consumidor alguns cidadãos foram convidados a fazer parte de um focus group, ou seja, um pequeno grupo de debate, para poder responder quanto à importância da responsabilidade social de uma empresa. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que para a maioria dos participantes, apesar da crescente preocupação pelo ambiente e pela sociedade, o primeiro fator tido em conta pelo consumidor aquando da escolha de um bem ou serviço é o preço, considerando como fatores intermédios a qualidade e a comodidade e, por último, a responsabilidade social da empresa
This work has the objective of analyzing the consistency of the internal speech of a company and the external information that is disseminated. The analyzes of the social responsibility report and the reconstruction of silent- accounts and shadow-accounts allow the analyzes of potential discrepancies that may exist. The theme’s coverage was restricted through a case study about the dam of Baixo Sabor, that had great impact in society and the environment, creating great dissemination of information not only by the company itself but by the media as well From the consumer’s point of view some citizens were invited to participate in a focus group, meaning a small debate group to try to answer questions about the social responsibility of a company The research results indicated that for the majority of the participants, even though the concern about the environment and society is increasing, the major factor taken into account while choosing an asset or service is the price, factors like quality and commodity were referred but in intermediate levels, and the social responsibility of a company was referred but it is not a major concern.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Almásy, Michael. "Accounting and economics: Influence of accounting methods on economic indicators." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72865.

Full text

Abstract:

The way the economic reality is observed is essential in order to determine decision-making of economic subjects. The picture of economic reality drawn by accounting can be said to be either the true and fair, or biased. If the latter is the case, how much does that bias translate into the quality of economic decision-making? In summary, the paper analyzes whether accounting should provide the fair and true view whether it does, and how it affects the economic behavior when it does not on both micro-economic and macro-economic level. The arguments are built up on a logical structure rather taking a broader multidisciplinary approach to answer the previously stated questions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Baryauno, Linda, and Funda Pektas. "Big Bath Accounting." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-19342.

Full text

Abstract:

Bakgrund och problem: Alla börsnoterade företag är, sedan år 2005, tvungna att följa IFRS/IASB riktlinjer för att sammanställa en årsredovisning. IFRS är ett regelverk som tillämpas i alla länder inom Europeiska Unionen. I dessa förpliktelser och riktlinjer finns det kryphål som ger företagen möjlighet till subjektiva bedömningar. De subjektiva bedömningarna ger företagen möjligheten att manipulera redovisningen, detta kallas för Earnings management. I samband med övergången till IFRS medförde det förändringar i hur företagen redovisade. En av förändringarna var att den årliga avskrivningen av goodwill inte längre skulle skrivas av, utan varje år skall företagen göra en prövning om det föreligger ett nedskrivningsbehov av goodwill. Prövningen ger företaget möjlighet att lägga in sina subjektiva bedömningar utifrån eget intresse och därmed kunna manipulera redovisningen. Ett annat sätt att manipulera redovisningen är att redovisa högre avsättningar då företagen förväntar sig ett sämre resultat, för att på så vis inte ha lika stora avsättningar åren därpå och därmed kunna redovisa ett bättre resultat nästkommande år. Studien kommer att undersöka ifall stora nedskrivningar och avsättningar förekommer i samband med att en ny VD träder fram. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka och analysera om Big Bath Accounting förekommer i företag registrerade på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm och Nasdaq OMX Helsinki. Studien fokuserar på att undersöka huruvida det råder ett samband mellan stora engångskostnader och VD-byten samt om det förekommer några skillnader mellan Sverige och Finland. Avgränsningar: Studien avgränsar sig till samtliga företag som är registrerade på Stockholmsbörsen och Helsinkibörsen Large Cap mellan åren 2005-2011. Metod: Undersökningsmetoden som har tillämpats för denna studie har en kvantitativ ansats och har använts sig av sekundär data i form av årsredovisningar. Studiens datainsamling sker med hjälp av tillgänglig information som redan finns elektroniskt på företagens hemsidor. Dessutom har en deduktiv undersökningsansats tillämpats, då studien utgår ifrån teorier som har formats till hypoteser som skall jämföras med data för att kunna komma fram till en slutsats. Ett t-test kommer att användas i studien för att testa hypoteserna som påstår att det finns ett samband mellan VD-byten och nedskrivningar av goodwill och avsättningar till långfristiga skulder. Resultat och slutsatser: T-testet visade att det inte råder ett statistiskt samband mellan VD-byten och nedskrivning av goodwill och avsättningar till långfristiga skulder. Då man bortser från t-testet och tittar närmare på vissa företag kan man se att det förekommer större engångskostnader vid VD-byten än år utan VD-byten, eftersom detta endast förekommer i vissa fall kan man inte dra en generell slutsats i frågan. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Eftersom den insamlade datan visade på vissa likheter mellan Sverige och Finland, båda länderna hade flest VD-byten år 2011 och högst KEK år 2007, skulle det vara intressant att studera om detta är en slump eller om det föreligger något intressant samband. Vidare kan man studera huruvida dessa likheter förekommer mellan alla nordiska länder. Stora nedskrivningar och avsättningar inträffade inte endast vid ett VD-byte utan i vissa fall förekom de även 1-2 år efter att ett VD-byte skett. Vi anser därför att det skulle vara intressant att föra vidare förslaget om att inte endast kolla på året då ett VD-byte skett utan under en längre period.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Djatej, Arsen M. "Russian financial accounting /." View abstract, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3248455.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Willett, Roger. "Accounting measurement theory." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1985. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165709.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Davarcioglu, Tolga. "Empirical accounting research." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16411.

Full text

Abstract:

Diese kumulative Dissertation besteht aus drei eigenständigen Arbeiten aus dem Bereich der empirischen Rechnungslegungsforschung. In jeder Arbeit werden ökonometrische Methoden angewandt, um Hypothesen bezüglich bestimmter Wirkungen und Folgen von Rechnungslegung zu bestätigen oder zu verwerfen. Die erste Arbeit untersucht die freiwillige Anwendung von Rechnungslegungsstandards. Ausgehend von den besonderen institutionellen Begebenheiten Deutschlands werden Determinanten der freiwilligen Anwendung der Deutschen Rechnungslegungs Standards (DRS) identifiziert. Die Ergebnisse einer multinomialen logistischen Regression zeigen, dass die Anwendung getrieben wird durch die Unternehmensgröße, den Wirtschaftsprüfer sowie Fremdkapitalgeber-Agency Probleme. Die Anwendung wird nicht getrieben durch die öffentliche Wahrnehmung eines Unternehmens. Die zweite Arbeit untersucht die Auswirkungen der freiwilligen IFRS-Erstanwendung auf die Rückstellungsbilanzierung von deutschen börsennotierten Unternehmen. Die Änderungen in der Rechnungslegungsqualität durch den Wechsel der Rechnungslegung gemäß HGB zu den IFRS werden durch die Anwendung eines „same firm-year approach“ ermöglicht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine signifikant höhere Informationsdarstellung nach IFRS. Dies gilt besonders für Firmen, die typischerweise weniger Anreize für eine gute Rechnungslegungsqualität besitzen. Die dritte Arbeit untersucht den Effekt von Mehrfachmandaten auf die Firmenperformance von deutschen börsennotierten Unternehmen. Das Vorkommen von Mehrfachmandaten wird aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln betrachtet, da die Wirkung auf die Firmenperformance nicht eindeutig vorhergesagt werden kann. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf einen negativen Zusammenhang zwischen Mehrfachmandaten und Firmenperformance. Positive Eigenschaften von Boardmitgliedern wirken diesem Ergebnis nur begrenzt entgegen.
This cumulative PhD-thesis consists of three papers within the field of empirical accounting research. In each paper established empirical methodology is applied in order to validate or reject predictions on certain accounting outcomes. The first paper deals with voluntary accounting compliance. Taking advantage of the institutional setting in Germany, the paper identifies determinants of voluntary compliance with German Accounting Standards (GAS). The results of an ordered logistic regression show that compliance is driven by size, the auditor’s affiliation to the institution that develops the GAS and debt agency problems. The results do not reveal a relationship between compliance and public exposure. The second paper investigates effects of voluntary IFRS adoption on accounting quality based on provision disclosure using a sample of publicly listed German firms. Changes in accounting quality measures resulting from the transition from German GAAP to IFRS are assessed using a same firm-year approach. Results show that disclosure level is significantly higher under IFRS. The results are consistent with the notion that IFRS adoption has a positive impact on the disclosure aspect of accounting quality regarding accounting for provisions. Positive changes are stronger for firms that typically have fewer incentives to provide accounting information for a broad investor base. The third paper investigates the effect of multiple board appointments on firm performance for a sample of publicly listed German firms. The incidence of multiple board appointments is investigated from several angles since multiple board appointments can be characterized along numerous dimensions and their effect on firm performance is not unequivocally predictable. The results indicate that multiple board appointments negatively affect firm performance. Director characteristics that are expected to have a positive influence on firm performance do not counteract this finding.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Bulaon, Christopher. "Professionalism in accounting." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-18022016-114359/.

Full text

Abstract:

According to the works of the French philosopher Émile Durkheim (1964), much of today\'s modern society is founded on the basic tenets of professionalization. Yet the significance of professionalism is often taken for granted and lost in ambiguity. The aim of this study is to thus identify and understand the perceptions of professionalism, with the context of the case being the accounting community at the University of Sao Paulo. A series of open-ended interviews were performed with ten participants with varying levels of academic and market work experience. The data was then coded and analyzed to look for categorical emerging themes and patterns among the responses. Findings indicate a highly diverse set of views regarding how professional status is attained and how professionalism is demonstrated. The close association between the results and existing professions literature signal a wider acceptance and societal internalization of professional principles. Professionalism in Accounting was found to be relative to a variety of factors including market work experience, professional characteristics, and career goals. Comparisons were also made between various professional environments including FEA vs. other colleges, Accounting vs. other fields and Brazil vs. other countries. These comparisons suggest an influence of environment on professional standards and the demonstration of professional behavior. Further research is needed to study how perceptions of professionalism may differ among other professional accounting groups and how the professional transformation process in accounting education may be improved to better prepare accounting graduates before entering the field.
De acordo com as obras do filósofo francês Émile Durkheim (1964), grande parte da sociedade moderna de hoje baseia-se nos princípios básicos da profissionalização. No entanto, o significado de profissionalismo é muitas vezes tida como certa e perdido em ambiguidade. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar e, assim, compreender as percepções de profissionalismo, com o contexto do caso, sendo a comunidade de contabilidade da Universidade de São Paulo. Uma série de entrevistas abertas foram realizadas com dez participantes com diferentes níveis de experiência acadêmica e mercado de trabalho. Os dados foram então codificadas e analisadas para procurar categóricas temas emergentes e padrões entre as respostas. Os resultados indicam um conjunto altamente diversificado de pontos de vista a respeito de como status profissional é atingido e como profissionalismo é demonstrado. A estreita associação entre os resultados ea literatura existente profissões sinalizar uma maior aceitação social e internalização de princípios profissionais. Profissionalismo em Contabilidade foi encontrado para ser em relação a uma variedade de fatores, incluindo experiência de trabalho no mercado, características profissionais e objetivos de carreira. Comparações também foram feitas entre vários ambientes profissionais, incluindo FEA vs. outras faculdades, Contabilidade vs. outros campos e Brasil contra outros países. Essas comparações sugerem uma influência do ambiente sobre os padrões profissionais ea demonstração do comportamento profissional. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para estudar como as percepções de profissionalismo pode ser diferente entre outros grupos profissionais de contabilidade e como o processo de transformação profissional em educação contábil pode ser melhorado para melhor preparar os formandos de contabilidade antes de entrar no campo.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Freeman, Michelle. "Accounting for Investments." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6428.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Tully, J. B. "Accounting for transsexualism." Thesis, Brunel University, 1987. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4318.

Full text

Abstract:

This study reports the systematic collection of accounts from 204 transsexual subjects, most of whom attended the Gender Identity Clinic at Charing Cross Hospital (Fulham). A review of the literature covers cross gender behaviour in other societies, recent biological, social and psychological studies on gendered and cross gendered behaviour, a medical history of transsexualism and 'sex reassignment surgery'. Psychological 'frames' for the study of cross gendered careers are derived from attributional theories, and symbolic interactionist approaches to the construction of sexual categories of behaviour and experience. The collection of accounts follows a methodology derived from Harr & and his associates' ethogenic approach to the study of social behaviour, and the principles of generating 'grounded (sociological) theory' propounded by Glaser and Strauss. There is a short statistical section on the population of research subjects as a whole. Transexuals' accounts, some 500 exerpts, are marshalled under nearly 200 headings and subheadings. These cover almost all areas of relevant life experience. The conclusions argue that there is a fundamental weakness in the imposition of psychiatric 'syndromes' on gender dysphoric phenomena. Rather, 'gender dysphoric careers' are proposed as fluctuating enterprises in the construction of meanings, some meanings being more fateful and workable than others. An attributional -'imaginative involvement' model to account for transsexualism is explicated. The implications which can be drawn from this, for the way the management of these unfortunate people could be improved, completes the text.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Mottaghi, Aliasghar. "Accrual accounting, cash accounting and the estimation of future cash flows." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7075/.

Full text

Abstract:

This study investigates the predictive ability of current and past cash flows with respect to the estimation of future cash flow, and compares this predictive ability with that of current and past earnings. Future cash flow is estimated in this study on the basis of a model hierarchy that initially incorporates aggregated predictors and then their disaggregated components, with the objective of improving on conventional research design with respect to the problematic issues surrounding missing values in source databases, extreme values in the sampled data and variability in fiscal year length. In determining whether the disaggregation of earnings into cash flow, accruals and their components adds to the predictive ability of cash flow, the present thesis also documents out-of-sample accuracy tests for the UK based on initial in-sample estimations, with accruals being computed using both the information in the Statement of Cash Flows and the information that may be derived from Balance Sheet changes. Using the information in the Statement of Cash Flows, the results of the in-sample estimation indicate that, whilst there is no notable difference between the ability of cash flow and aggregate earnings to predict future cash flow, the disaggregation of earnings into cash flow and accruals improves the prediction. The out-of-sample accuracy tests confirm the standard result that this disaggregated earnings model is a better predictor of future cash flow. In contrast, this thesis shows that, when using information in the Balance Sheet, by way of changes from one period to the next, the results of both the in-sample estimation and the out-of-sample accuracy tests show that disaggregated earnings is unable to outperform aggregate earnings in predicting future cash flow. Nevertheless, when the total accrual is further disaggregated into its deferral and accrual components, in-sample estimation reveals additional improvement in predictive ability, using each of the two sources of information to compute total accruals (the Statement of Cash Flows and Balance Sheet changes), although this is less evident with the out-of-sample tests. Whilst further analysis indicates that disaggregation is more informative when the firm size is large, the magnitude of accruals is low and the firm reports a positive CFO and EBIT, the thesis shows that the ability of the estimation models to predict future cash flow differs across industries in the UK, and that the findings are generally sensitive to the effect of database choice, the fiscal year length, and the identification and treatment of unrecorded data.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Rowbottom, Nick. "Intangible asset accounting and accounting policy selection in the football industry." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/899/.

Full text

Abstract:

The main aim of this thesis is to evaluate the feasibility of intangible asset accounting in financial reporting with particular reference to the football industry. It also examines related accounting policies. Lack of reliable measurement is the major obstacle to the recognition of intangible assets. The measurement of intangible assets is problematic due to a lack of verification through reference to an active market. However, drawing on Human Resource Accounting, the thesis argues that identifying and measuring human resource assets may be possible in the football industry. The human resource asset, the player registration, is subject to sufficient control through unique industry structures to justify recognition as an intangible asset. The existence of an active market for player registrations facilitates reliable measurement. In the football industry, a wide variety of accounting policies are employed in accounting for player registrations and other material transactions. Hypotheses regarding the reasons for selecting particular accounting policies are developed and tested. Findings suggest that institutional pressure which influences perceptions of legitimacy and credibility can affect the selection of accounting policies. The thesis also develops and tests a model to value player registrations as intangible assets where they are not subject to market transactions. The ability to reliably measure intangible assets is regarded as crucial to their recognition in financial reporting. In addition, it will lead to the acceptance of intangible asset policies as legitimate and credible, despite the market orientated bias of traditional financial reporting.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Lin, Li. "Institutional problems for Chinese environmental accounting : evidence from the accounting profession." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/39455.

Full text

Abstract:

The global environmental crisis has turned accounting scholars’ attention to environmental accounting (hereafter EA). With the gap of EA research and practice between China and the western world, it is necessary to elaborate on this gap through accounting professionals’ environmental awareness (perceptions), which has tended to become the key to adopting EA practices in accounting firms. This has led to the main research question: what are accounting professionals’ perceptions of EA? To illustrate what factors would lead accounting firms (not) adopting EA practices, institutional theory is used as the main framework to identify key issues that lead firms to resemble each other. Legitimacy and stakeholder analysis are adopted as a supplement of institutional analysis to explain how accounting firms respond to influences brought by legitimate concerns and interest groups, which has constructed this multi-framework. This thesis is conducted through 35 semi-structured interviews. Interviewees are invited from different scales of Chinese accounting firms on a top-down basis. Documentary review is used as a supplement of the interviews. Thematic analysis is employed to elaborate on how institutional drivers shape EA across different categories. This thesis has identified that clients’ demands tend to be the key for (not) adopting EA, which can be reflected through participants’ knowledge structure, education and training, practices and the adoption of practical guidelines – this leads to the branding effects of EA in the Big Four, which reflects a practical gap between the Big Four and domestic firms. More specifically, this thesis has reasserted that organizations tend to model themselves on others perceived to be successful in response to certain uncertainty; whereas the clarity of ‘successful organizations’ and ‘uncertainty’ becomes the key institutional driver for firms (not) adopting EA practices. As a supplementary framework, stakeholder and legitimacy analysis tends to reflect how EA is perceived and influenced through different interested parties. In general, this thesis has demonstrated a rather low environmental awareness amongst the Chinese accounting profession, suggesting that EA is developed to enable instead of offsetting the inequity between the Big Four and domestic firms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Chambers, Julia. "ACCOUNTING FOR ART: ANIMATION AS A TEACHING TOOL FOR ACCOUNTING PROCESSES." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1188.

Full text

Abstract:

Despite technology's growing presence in society, accounting classrooms have lagged behind other disciplines in utilizing educational animations. This is primarily due to inconclusive research and institutional resistance. In this thesis, I cover existing research on the benefits of visualizations as well as the significance of educational animations. To supplement my arguments for how these studies are lacking, I have made two educational animations covering introductory concepts of financial statements and the time value of money.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Perry, Jacqueline Anita Baughman. "Impact of the Accounting Education Change Commission's Recommendations on Accounting Instruction." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40355.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in accounting instruction recommended by the Accounting Education Change Commission (AECC) at 11 grant recipient schools and 11 similar non-grant recipient schools randomly selected. The AECC suggested that accounting education should include more communication skills, interpersonal skills, and critical- thinking and problem-solving skills. The AECC also recommended that more emphasis be placed on teaching rather than research. To measure implementation of the recommended changes, a four part Accounting Instruction Change Scale was developed. The pilot study, (n=34) revealed that the AICS did not distinguish among the four factors considered. This finding was confirmed in the actual study. Surveys were mailed to 438 subjects, 249 to grant school and 189 to non-grant school accounting faculty, of which 163 surveys were returned, 146 were usable. Using Cronbach's alpha, the reliability of the overall Accounting Instruction Change Scale, as determined by the pilot study, was .92. Reliability, using the Cronbach's alpha, for the final study data was .91. Significant differences were found between respondents and non-respondents for both grant and non-grant schools. Differences in work experience, instruction in educational psychology, and instructional methodology were found to be significant. There were also significant differences between the early respondents and the late respondents in instruction in educational psychology and instructional methodology. Significant differences between the early non-grant school respondents and the late non-grant school respondents were also found in the length of time teaching accounting, length of time at the current institution, and age. These significant differences indicate the sample respondents are a unique group, and any inferences made from this sample to the general population should be made with caution. For the correlations of all variables, Predisposition to Change, Adoption-Proneness, refereed publicaitons, non-refereed publications, work experience, educational psychology, instructional methodology, membership in professional organizations, gender, and age, the the correlations ranged from a high of .497 between the Adoption-Proneness Scale and the Accounting Instruction Change Scale to a low of .001 between age and instruction in educational psychology. In the full Regression Model, the variables included accounted for 40.8% of the variance in the AICS. The regression analysis shows the Predisposition to Change Scale scores and Adoption Proneness Scale scores to be significant expanatory variables concerning predicting the score of the Accounting Instruction Change Scale score. No other significant variables surfaced in the regression analysis indicating institutional membership did not predict AICS score.
Ph. D.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Allen, Miranda. "There's Just No Accounting for Healthcare: A look at the differences between standard GAAP accounting and accounting for healthcare clients." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1367851476.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Zeng, Yachang. "Two studies of accounting quality : analysts' disclosure of low accounting quality, and accounting comparability in the post-IFRS adoption period." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543975.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Bay, Charlotta. "Making Accounting Matter : A Study of the Constitutive Practices of Accounting Framers." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-172680.

Full text

Abstract:

The idea of accounting as a constitutive means, making people think and act in particular ways, is well established in the social strand of accounting literature. In professional organisations, for example, accounting is claimed to be critical to processes of turning people into rational and responsible economic actors. However, this thesis refocuses the empirical attention away from the organisation and into the private sphere of people’s everyday financial lives. As this is a field partly inhabited by people who for various reasons are believed to have difficulty in making sense of financial accounts, a dilemma arises regarding how to influence people’s way of managing their own finances by means of accounting information. How this dilemma is assumed to be resolved in order to make accounting matter is the query of this thesis. Through a study of four cases, the thesis investigates the practices of public authorities, a television makeover show, and a pension insurance company – here referred to as accounting framers – whose task it is to construct accounting in such a way so as to make it come across as important, relevant and useful to various groups of the general public. By examining how people’s accounting interpretations are elaborated in order to make them responsive to financial accounts, the thesis contributes to problematising the constitutive role of accounting and the conditions believed to enable it to turn people into financially responsible actors.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Chen, Feng, and 陳峰. "Harmonization of Chinese accounting standards with international accounting standards: necessity, progress andeffectiveness." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576131.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Rahman, Sheikh Fazlur. "Power and international accounting regulation : accounting policy making at the united nations." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633248.

Full text

Abstract:

The process of international accounting regulation is somewhat diffuse. Many organisations, e.g., the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and the United Nations (UN) are involved -- each with its own different constituency, authority structure, and more importantly, its obj ectives. The third world nations' demands for greater disclosure by Transnational Corporations (INCs) have been taken up by the UN -- a debate to which the OECD and the lASC have also contributed. Negotiations over an acceptable set of disclosure standards have been carried on at the UN for more than twelve years. During this period the UN has repeatedly changed its position and has eventually failed to come up with a comprehensive set of final recommendations. It has, in effect, abandoned its pioneering stance as an accounting policy maker. This research attempts to investigate this failure of the UN by examining in some depth the accounting policy making process of the UN - - which in many senses reflects the tussle between the third world nations and the developed market economies. The political nature of accounting policy making is recognised and political concepts of '~' are used to understand and explain the process. In particular. the decision-oriented (i.e. One-Dimensional) pluralist methodology of power is used to analyse the conflicts and policy outcomes at the UN. tv Empirical evidence shows that organised pressures from the TNCs, co-ordinated under the joint forum of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and the International Organisation of Employers (IOE) , was strengthened by the support given by governments of developed market economies active within various UN bodies and committees. The rule of one-nation, one-vote and decision making by majority vote -- provided for in the UN Charter - - was frequently overriden with a claim for decision making by absolute unanimity. This claim, coupled with a threat of non-compliance if decisions were taken otherwise, compelled the third world majority to accept the 'de facto veto' of a powerful minority. The United Nation's position on accounting policy issues has been significantly shifted through he use of such 'de facto veto' by the developed market economies. The conclusion is reached that given the present state of international economic relations, the economic power of the TNCs and their home countries, and in spite of the formal power (i.e. voting majority) in the hands of the third world countries the 'status guo' has largely been maintained. Also, in order to avoid the present embarrassing reality of frequently facing a host of developing nations at the UN the developed nations have seen other forums, particularly the OECD and the lASC, as being more amenable to their own purposes and eventually have been successful in converting the UN into a mere discussion forum rather than an accounting regulatory body.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Bampton, Roberta. "Ethics in accounting : a review and an investigation of management accounting education." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405180.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

McKean, Gerald W. McCarthy John R. "Congruencies of computer competencies as viewed by accounting practitioners and accounting educators." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1985. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p8514778.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1985.
Title from title page screen, viewed June 8, 2005. Dissertation Committee: John McCarthy (chair), Timothy Duffy, Gary Fish, David Franklin, Ronald Halinski, James Hallam. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 187-192) and abstract. Also available in print.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Törnqvist, Erik, and Linn Forss. "Automated accounting in accounting firms : A qualitative study on impacts and attitudes." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149479.

Full text

Abstract:

The technology development within the accounting field has grown tremendously during the last years and generated great impacts to the accounting firms and led to an enormous change in how accounting consultants conducting their daily tasks. The continuous development has now entered a new phase, where automation of accounting processes is now perceived as the current major trend and it will affect the profession even more. Automated accounting may bring both positive and negative impacts to the accounting firms and their consultants, but many threats may also come to light where questions have arisen about the need of accounting consultants if the procedures are automatic. Studies on automation in various fields have been conducted over the years, but the impacts of automated accounting on accounting firm and their accounting consultants have been neglected in previous research. Moreover, since the consultants are affected as well, their attitude toward such changes and corresponding impacts are of interest to understand their stance to these changes. Thereof, the interest in how accounting firms and their consultant will be affected resulted in these two research questions: 1) What are the potential impacts of automated accounting for accounting firms and their accounting consultants? 2) What are the accounting consultants’ attitudes towards automated accounting? The purpose of this thesis is to extend the current knowledge of the potential effects and explain the phenomena of automation in the context of accounting firms and their consultants. The aim is also to extend the knowledge of the accounting consultants’ attitude towards automated accounting and what they perceive as threats and opportunities. This thesis answers the research question by a qualitative method where empirical data has been collected from interviews with accounting consultants from different accounting firms in Umeå. The findings from the empirical data shows that automated accounting may lead to a decreased need of accounting consultants if the accounting firms do not extend or diversify their services. Moreover, advisory and analytical services will dominate the industry because automation will lead to more financial misstatements, which drives the need of analytical services. To comply with these changes, the future accounting consultant needs to possess more technical knowledge. The accounting consultant assistant will most probably be replaced by IT-consultants and in the long term, all consultants will be salespersons rather than accounting consultant. Regarding the attitude, the majority of the accounting consultants are positive towards automated accounting and their impacts, even though some tend to show a negative attitude to certain impacts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Bennerson, Brigitte A. "Accountants and Accounting Educators' Perceptions of Accounting Certifications/Accreditations and Communication Divides." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4421.

Full text

Abstract:

Global changes to business exchanges of goods, services, capital, technology, and knowledge requires accountants to have more diverse skill sets than in the past. Practitioners' documented concerns about accounting graduates' inability to function globally. The purpose of this exploratory qualitative study was twofold: (a) to explore accounting practitioners' and educators' perceptions of the Certified Public Accountant and other accounting certifications and accreditations, and (b) to explore possible communication divides between accounting academia and professionals that may be creating a gap between what employers expect and what they receive from graduates. Phone interviews were conducted with 5 practicing accounting educators and 5 practicing accounting professionals. Using NVIVO, a thematic analysis was conducted to examine and analyze the data for patterns and opposing views. Half of the participants believe that the curriculum should be modified; they were not convinced that existing accounting curricula prepare students for the workplace, even if they passed the CPA exam. Despite being aware of other certifications and the relevancy of specific certifications for various job trajectories, educators and practitioners view the CPA certification as most valuable and most recognized. Six participants perceived a communication gap and a need for conversation, due to educators' detachment from accounting profession. This research serves to unify educators and practitioners to foster a learning environment conducive to preparing graduates to communicate and work in a global business because a highly skilled workforce will contribute to trust and sustainable value creation; ultimately improving the economy by building enduring businesses and communities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Shields, Karin Elisabeth. "International accounting standard setting : lobbying and the development of financial instruments accounting." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7904/.

Full text

Abstract:

With the establishment of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) one of the first projects that were added to its agenda was the financial instruments project. The controversy surrounding the standards, and their heavy Anglo-American nature, have led to widespread concerns regarding the IASB granting undue influence to certain lobbying parties in developing these standards. The thesis examines whether these concerns are warranted. The IASB standard setting is characterised by varying degrees of constituent support and opposition for the organisation’s proposed changes to accounting standards. A robust methodology, grounded in ideology theory of regulation, is therefore developed to identify the impact of special interest lobbying on the IASB’s decisions during the development of standards for financial instruments from 2001-2012. Textual analysis is applied to a large sample of comment letters in order to derive a continuous measure of negativity for the analysis of overt lobbying, as well as identifying cases of explicit opinion in the responses. The findings show that the IASB takes account of lobbying in its standard development. Lobbyists are found to be more likely to be successful in blocking proposed changes by expressing negativity in their discussion of a proposal, as opposed to explicitly disagreeing. Further, the results of the analysis show that, in general, all major constituent groups are influential in the development, but that only the business community is influential when it comes to disclosure requirements. Moreover, opposing American constituents are more likely to block proposed changes than are lobbyists from elsewhere. In sum, the thesis investigates and finds that the IASB’s standard setting process allows special interest lobbying to shape the standards for financial instruments accounting and that the business community and American constituents are particularly influential in the process, thus reinforcing the Anglo-American nature of the standards.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Brihs, Julia, and Elvira Zandhers. "Lean accounting : En undersökning av lean accounting i Svenska företag inom tillverkningsindustrin." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-31597.

Full text

Abstract:

Till följd av globalisering och ökad konkurrens har västvärldens intresse för lean production som produktionssystem vuxit och i Sverige är lean production den verksamhetsutveckling som tillämpas i störst utsträckning. Efter implementering av lean production har organisationer upptäckt att den traditionella ekonomistyrningen behöver förändras eftersom den motverkar leans värderingar. Dessutom belyser inte de traditionella ekonomiska rapporterna förändringarna som sker till följd av lean production, något som kan resultera i att företag avbryter implementeringen. Som ett resultat har lean accounting som bygger på leans principer och metoder utvecklats för att stödja lean production. Lean accounting har trots dess fördelar en begränsad utbredning i Sverige enligt förespråkare. Utifrån en kvalitativ studie med en abduktiv ansats har sex personliga intervjuer genomförts med respondenter bestående av förespråkare och ekonomer i företag med lean production. Arbetets insamlade teori tolkas tillsammans med empirin utifrån ett hermeneutiskt synsätt och resulterar i arbetets analys och slutsats. Arbetets slutsats är att den begränsade utbredningen av lean beror på ekonomiavdelningars bristfälliga delaktighet i implementeringen av lean production. Eftersom bristen på delaktighet beror på ledningens oförmåga att engagera och involvera ekonomiavdelningen kan företagets ledning vara en anledning till lean accountings begränsade utbredning. När ledningen involverar och skapar delaktighet i företagets ekonomiavdelningar skapas kunskap om leans värderingar och principer som resulterar i egenutvecklade metoder och verktyg. Dock finns det en allmän okunskap om begreppet lean accounting som resulterar i att ekonomiavdelningarna inte är medvetna om att de tillämpar metoder och verktyg som kan anses vara lean accounting. En konsekvens av den missvisande uppfattningen gällande lean accountings begränsade utbredning är avsaknaden av goda exempel och bristande intresse.
As a result of globalization and increased competition, the West's interest in lean production as a production system has grown and is the business development practice that is used to the greatest extent in Sweden. After an implementation of lean production, organizations have discovered that the traditional financial control needs to be adjusted because it counteracts leans values. In addition, the traditional financial reports do not highlight the changes that occur as a result of lean production, which could result in a decision to cancel the implementation of lean production. As a result, lean accounting, which is based on lean principles and methods, has been developed in order to support lean production. Despite the advantages of lean accounting the implementation is limited in Sweden according to proponents. The survey is based on a qualitative study with an abductive onset. Six respondents consisting of advocates and economists in companies with lean production was interviewed individually. The thesis together with the empirical data has been collected based on a hermeneutic approach, which result in the analysis and conclusion. The study shows that the limited implementation of lean depends on the economics department's inadequate participation in the implementation of lean production. As the lack of participation depends on the management's inability to engage and involve the finance department, the company's management may be a reason to the limited implementation of lean accounting. When management involve and encourage the finance departments to participate in the lean implementation, knowledge of lean’s values and principles increase which results in the development of methods and tools. However, there is a general ignorance of the concept of lean accounting, as a result the financial departments are not aware that they apply methods and tools that can be considered lean accounting. A consequence of the misleading perception regarding lean accountings limited implementation is the lack of good examples and lack of interest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

McSweeney, Liam Brendan. "On the construction of accounting representations : four studies of accounting in action." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309006.

Full text

Abstract:

The presupposition that accounting is capable of producing representations which correspond with a reality wholly anterior and exterior to them - widely privileged in accounting and other texts - is analysed and challenged in the thesis. A range of analytical methods are used. The first is the deconstruction of ã text from different discursive levels which assert the possibility of correspondence through accounting representations. These texts are directly analysed and subjected to their own proof criterion of correspondence. The aim is to show that each text defers the point at which the purely extra-accounting is deemed to have been fully grasped. No pure, or pre-discursive, position from which an account could begin is located. In each text there is an endless supplementarity. The terminus of correspondence is never reached. The second method of analysis employed is an examination of the advocacy and implantation of accounting change in the name of accounting's alleged correspondence capabilities in the UK Civil Service. More than a decade of advocacy is considered. Some of the pressures for the accounting change considered are located by an analysis of the different, indeed conflicting, purposes for which accounting is advanced by the advocates and compared with an explanation of change which would be consistent with a correspondence characterisation. The evidence provided by the advocates for their claims about the possibility of correspondence is examined and shown to point to yet other discourses. The third approach is participant observation of the functioning of accounting in organizational actions in a private sector manufacturing firm. The construction of accounting representations and some constitutive effects are explored and contrasted with the depiction of accounting as correspondence. Drawing on the contribution of each of the critiques of accounting as correspondence, the thesis concludes that representations are not of pre-existing referents but what is brought into being.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Haciibrahimoglu, Damla. "Generational Accounting In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614833/index.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

Generational Accounting (GA), developed by Auerbach. Gokhale and Kotlikoff (1991) is an alternative and dynamic method employed in measuring the impact of existing fiscal policies on current and future generations. The method is based on the government&rsquo
s intertemporal budget constraint which principally requires that the present value of current and future generations&rsquo
net tax payments plus the existing net wealth be sufficient enough to cover for government&rsquo
s future consumption. In contrast to the traditional and static measures of fiscal sustainability, GA method reveals the intergenerational distribution of tax burden and helps identifying the policies that can alleviate the generational imbalance. This paper constructs and presents the first set of generational accounts for Turkey in an attempt to measure the generational gap and compare the Turkish intergenerational fiscal outlook to a number of developed and developing countries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Bayley, Luke Accounting Australian School of Business UNSW. "Aspects of accounting quality." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Accounting, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40476.

Full text

Abstract:

Accounting numbers are not only the products of peripheral economic events, but, by and large, can be consciously influenced from the effects of calculated business decisions and the selective applications of alternative reporting procedures. In academic parlance, the term accounting quality, or lack thereof, is often used to describe the extent to which these convoluting influences create a disparity between economic fundamentals and their numerical portrayal. This doctoral thesis speaks to three aspects of accounting quality; (i) Earnings Thresholds: A Re-Examination of the Role of Earnings Management, (ii) Earnings Manipulation and the Investigation of 'Red Flag' Accounting Ratios, and (iii) An Empirical Analysis of Standard and Poor's (S&Ps) Core Earnings metric. Each topic is outlined in a separate research paper.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Sabac, Florin M. "Accounting for the horizon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ61170.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Thompson, George David. "Accounting and the arts." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accounting and Information Systems, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2718.

Full text

Abstract:

Two trends in accounting thought and regulation are discernible. Firstly, the scope of the resources and resource attributes which are recognized by accounting is being broadened-from a preoccupation with the financial characteristics of economic resources to also embracing non-financial characteristics and noneconomic resources. Secondly, some of the traditional "branches" of accounting are becoming less divisive-concepts, techniques and rules are crossing the boundaries and the practice of focusing attention on one branch to the exclusion of the others is yielding to more holistic approaches. The main concern of this thesis is non-financial recording and reporting and the role it can play. It argues that service performance reporting, as proposed and implemented in New Zealand, is conceptually incomplete and requires research to discover how it might become an adequate accounting tool. The strength of the accounting world-view lies in the way it represents the duality and reciprocality of giving and receiving. Building a non-economic reporting regime involves identifying the non-economic motivations underlying giving and receiving. Since the activities of enterprises are many and varied, different classes of enterprise are likely to be motivated by different mixes of objectives. Arts enterprises are one class of enterprises, chosen in this thesis for closer investigation. The role of accounting in arts enterprises and their funding intermediaries has traditionally been equivocal. Accounting has assisted in obtaining funds and in planning and control, but it has also been a tool for submerging non-economic in favour of economic objectives. Service performance reporting could modify these roles by giving non-economic objectives an equal billing with economic objectives, legitimizing the non-economic and altering the balance of power in favour of those with social and economic policy objectives or with personal aesthetic objectives. The identification of objectives and performance measures is, however, not an easy task and an analysis of service performance reporting by local authority art galleries illustrates this point.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Saleh, Zakiah. "Government accounting in Malaysia." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526859.

Full text

Abstract:

Recent developments in governmental accounting show a shift from the traditional cash basis towards the accrual basis of accounting. New Zealand and Australia for example, have already adopted accrual accounting for the whole of government reporting. This study aims to describe governmental accounting and reporting in Malaysia; trace its development; identify the factors that play major roles in its development; and seek opinions on the current governmental accounting and reporting practices in Malaysia. The study also examined the variables identified in Lüder's contingency model and the impact these might be expected to have on developments in governmental accounting in Malaysia. The study contributes towards the knowledge and comparative research in governmental accounting by providing a description of governmental accounting in Malaysia and extending the application of Lüder's contingency model to the Malaysian government. The primary research on which this study is based was undertaken through three stages. The first stage consisted of archival research, which examined the practices and development of governmental accounting in Malaysia. The second stage was a questionnaire survey of 77 accountants in the federal and state governments aimed at obtaining opinions on issues related to the current development in accounting and reporting practices and the prospect for accrual accounting in the Malaysian government. The final stage was a series of interviews with senior officers in the Accountant General's Department, the National Audit Department, Treasury, government agencies and professional bodies to gain further insights and supplement the results of the questionnaire survey. Although the basis for governmental accounting in Malaysia is modified cash, accrual accounting was also adopted for internal purposes and for providing financial information required by international creditors. The respondents to the surveys indicated that the current reporting is sufficient for decision-making and accountability. The existence of financial crisis did not exert enough force to create a change in the government accounting system. The societal and administrative structural variables were unfavourable for innovation. The costs to implement a new system would be high, which include costs of training and new infrastructures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Salewski, Marcus. "Accounting quality under IFRS." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-135412.

Full text

Abstract:

Since 2005, publicly traded European companies are required to prepare their consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This is the result of the so-called “IAS-Regulation” of the European Parliament and of the European Council (Regulation (EC) No. 1606/2002) which formulates two objectives directly related to financial reporting: (higher) comparability and transparency of financial statements. With regard to transparency, researchers often rely on proxies to measure the quality of financial statements. In this dissertation, I follow this approach and examine the quality of IFRS financial statements relying on different proxies, such as value relevance, the degree of earnings management, and disclosure quality. The four papers in this dissertation cover research questions related to the determinants and consequences of managerial discretion in the three most important components of financial statements: the balance sheet, the income statement, and the notes. In summary, this dissertation answers important questions concerning the quality of accounting under IFRS which have remained unanswered – and in some cases even unasked – until now. Therefore, this dissertation has a material impact on the understanding of accounting quality under IFRS.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Rees, William Page. "Accounting, expectations and valuation." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395085.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Koornhof, Carolina. "Accounting information on flexibility." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 1998. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10232001-152437.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Li, Kevin Ka Wing. "Accounting for purchased goodwill." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614170.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Silva, Fernando Chiqueto da. "Hedge accounting no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-27062014-182634/.

Full text

Abstract:

Esta tese é motivada pelas recentes alterações das normas contábeis brasileiras, as quais passaram a requerer o reconhecimento, no resultado, da volatilidade causada pela mensuração ao valor justo de instrumentos derivativos. A prática contábil hedge accounting (HA) possibilita eliminar tal volatilidade. Investidores cobram prêmio de risco por resultados mais difíceis de serem previstos (Allayannis & Simko, 2010; Rountree, Weston, & Allayannis, 2008; Graham, Harvey, & Rajgopal, 2005; Thomas & Zhang, 2002; Allayannis & Weston, 2001; Michelson, Jordan, & Wootton, 1995), o que leva à hipótese H1: O custo de capital próprio (CCP) das companhias brasileiras é negativamente associado com instrumentos financeiros designados para fins de HA. O impacto da adoção do HA na volatilidade foi analisado com base em testes de comparação de médias. A associação entre CCP e HA foi analisada com base na abordagem de dados em painel. A amostra foi definida pelas empresas que compõem o índice Ibovespa e o período pelo intervalo de 31/12/2008 a 31/12/2012 (17 trimestres). Os resultados revelam fortes evidências de que a adoção do HA resultou em diminuição da volatilidade. Verificou-se redução da média da volatilidade de todas as proxies de retorno analisadas: ROE trimestral, ROE anual, ROA trimestral e ROA anual (respectivamente, redução de 63,8%, 40,4%, 20,9% e 11,9%). Também, os achados revelam forte associação negativa entre o CCP e instrumentos financeiros designados para fins de HA. Análises adicionais corroboram a robustez dos achados. Programas de remuneração baseada em opções de ações (PRBOA) aumentariam os incentivos para a administração tomar risco, pois maior risco aumentaria o valor das opções (Smith & Stulz, 1985; Tufano, 1996; Supanvanij & Strauss, 2006). Tal conjectura conduz à hipótese H2: A probabilidade de adoção (PA) de HA é negativamente associada com PRBOA. A PA de HA foi estimada com base em modelo de regressão logística, compreendendo as 100 maiores companhias brasileiras abertas por patrimônio líquido. Verificou-se que a PA do HA é positivamente associada com PRBOA, o que contraria a hipótese de pesquisa, suportada pela teoria das finanças (Supanvanij & Strauss, 2006). Reportar resultados voláteis reduz o valor de mercado das ações devido à aversão a incertezas por parte de investidores e analistas (Allayannis & Weston, 2001; Thomas & Zhang, 2002; Graham et al., 2005; Hodder, 2006 et al.; Rountree et al., 2008; Allayannis & Simko, 2010). Portanto, ao adotar HA, a administração maximizaria sua remuneração, pois o preço da ação subjacente aumentaria com a diminuição da volatilidade dos resultados contábeis, o que justificaria tais achados. Os resultados também revelam que a PA do HA é positivamente associada com captações no exterior, retorno sobre ativos, faturamento em moeda estrangeira, tamanho, investimentos no exterior, nível de endividamento e quando a companhia é emissora de American Depository Receipts (ADR) ou instituição financeira. Meta de resultado projetada por analistas é um importante indicador de performance da administração (Graham et al., 2005; Choi, Walker, & Young, 2006). HA é uma prática contábil voluntária. Logo, a discricionariedade em relação à decisão sobre adotar ou revogar o HA leva à hipótese de pesquisa H3: Os efeitos contábeis decorrentes da designação e revogação do HA contribuem para maior aderência entre metas de resultado e o resultado contábil do trimestre em que ocorreu a designação inicial ou revogação da relação de HA. As técnicas estatísticas utilizadas foram análise descritiva e testes de comparação de médias. A amostra é definida pelas empresas que compõem o índice Ibovespa (período de 31/12/2008 a 31/12/2012). Para coleta manual dos dados foram revisadas 1.017 demonstrações financeiras. Não foram encontradas evidências de que a adoção inicial ou revogação do HA tenha contribuído para atingir oportunisticamente a meta de resultado projetada por analistas ou o resultado do mesmo período do ano anterior. Também não foram encontrados indícios de que empresas tenham mudado oportunisticamente o resultado contábil de prejuízo para lucro em virtude da adoção ou revogação do HA.
This thesis is inspired by recent changes in the Brazilian accounting standards, which now require the volatility caused by the fair value measurement of derivatives to be recorded in profit or loss. Hedge accounting (HA) can be used to eliminate such volatility. Investors charge a risk premium for earnings that are more difficult to forecast (Allayannis & Simko, 2010; Rountree, Weston, & Allayannis, 2008; Hodder, 2006; Graham, Harvey, & Rajgopal, 2005; Thomas & Zhang, 2002; Allayannis & Weston, 2001; Michelson, Jordan, & Wootton, 1995), which leads to hypothesis H1: Cost of equity (CE) of Brazilian companies is negatively associated with financial instruments designated for HA purposes. The impact of HA adoption on earnings volatility was investigated on the basis of means comparison tests. The association between CE and HA was analysed on the basis of panel data approach. The sample is defined by the entities which compose the Ibovespa index and the period analysed by the interval from 31/12/2008 to 31/12/2012 (17 quarters). The findings reveal strong evidences that the HA adoption resulted in reduction of earnings volatility. A reduction was observed in the average earnings volatility for all proxies of return analysed: quarterly ROE, annual ROE, quarterly ROA and annual ROA (decreases of 63.8%, 40.4%, 20.9% and 11.9%, respectively). The findings also reveal a strong negative association between CE and financial instruments designated for HA purposes. Additional analysis corroborate the robustness of such findings. Programs of option-based compensation (POBC) would increase management\'s appetite for risk, given that more risk would increase options\' market price (Smith & Stulz, 1985; Tufano, 1996; Supanvanij & Strauss, 2006). Such conjecture leads to hypothesis H2: The probability of adoption (PA) of HA is negatively associated with POBC. The PA of HA was estimated based on logistic regression model, comprising the 100 biggest Brazilian companies in terms of equity. It was found that PA of HA is positively associated with POBC, contradicting the research hypothesis supported by the finance theory (Supanvanij & Strauss, 2006). Reporting volatile earnings reduces the options\' market value due to the aversion of investors and analysts to uncertainties (Allayannis & Weston, 2001; Thomas & Zhang, 2002; Graham et al., 2005; Hodder et al, 2006; Rountree et al., 2008; Allayannis & Simko, 2010). Therefore, when adopting HA management would maximize its compensation, because the market value of the underlying stock would increase as a result of the decrease in earnings volatility, thereby justifying such findings. The results also reveal that PA of HA is positively associated with outstanding foreign debt, return on assets, revenue denominated in foreign currency, size, investments in foreign currency, indebtedness ratio and when the entity is American Depository Receipts (ADR) issuer or financial institution. Analysts\' earnings forecasts are one of management\'s most important performance indicators (Graham et al., 2005; Choi, Walker, & Young, 2006). Therefore, management\'s discretion on the decision of adopting or discontinuing HA leads to the research hypothesis H3: The accounting effects caused by the initial designation and de-designation of HA increase the consistency between analysts\' earnings forecasts and quarterly profit or loss in which the designation or de-designation of HA occurred. The analysis is based on descriptive statistics and means comparison tests. The sample is defined by the entities which composed the Ibovespa index (in the period from 31/12/2008 to 31/12/2012). Data was manually collected from 1.017 financial statements. The findings reveal no evidence that the initial designation and de-designation of HA have contributed to opportunistically meeting or beating analysts\' earnings forecasts or the profit or loss of the same period in the previous year. The findings also show no evidence that entities had opportunistically changed loss to profit due to designation or de-designation of HA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Sahin, Ali. "Three essays in accounting." Thesis, City, University of London, 2016. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/17043/.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis consists of three essays focusing on three different issues. The first revisits the question whether analysts anticipate the persistence of accruals in future earnings. We find that if total accruals are used (covering also non-current operating and financing accruals, unlike previous research that uses mainly working capital accruals), analysts’ forecast errors are uncorrelated with accruals. Our findings overall do not warrant the lack of sophistication argument. The second chapter examines whether multi segmentation affects the probability of meeting analysts’ forecasts, and whether the ‘diversification’ discount that multi segment firms seem to suffer from is alleviated/exacerbated when multi segment firms meet/miss analysts’ forecasts. We find for multi segment firms, no (less) earnings/forecast management to meet forecasts, more complex information environment, lower probability of meeting analysts’ forecasts, and weaker investor reaction to meeting/missing forecasts, while significant discount if they meet forecasts by engaging in earnings/forecast management. The third chapter examines whether unconditional accounting conservatism provides a rational explanation to book to price (B/P) effect in stock returns (higher B/P yielding higher returns) coined as anomaly. We test an argument following Penman and Reggiani (2013) linking conservative accounting to future returns and subsequent earnings growth, and we find strong support to the conservative accounting explanation to B/P effect.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Accounting. Accounting'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles