Relevant bibliographies by topics / Accounting – Gambia

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Accounting – Gambia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Accounting – Gambia"

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Levin, Susan Ruth. "Improving distribution of pharmaceuticals in developing countries: A case study of The Gambia project." Journal of Technology Transfer 11, no. 2 (March 1987): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02174374.

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McKay, Andrew. "Trade Policy Issues in a Small African Economy: The Trade Policy Review of The Gambia 2004." World Economy 28, no. 9 (September 2005): 1197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2005.00730.x.

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Sanyang, Saikou E., Te-Chen Kao, and Wen-Chi Haung. "Comparative study of sustainable and non-sustainable interventions in technology development and transfer to the women’s vegetable gardens in the Gambia." Journal of Technology Transfer 34, no. 1 (February 7, 2008): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-008-9084-0.

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Beck, Ulrik, Benedikte Bjerge, and Marcel Fafchamps. "The Role of Social Ties in Factor Allocation." World Bank Economic Review 33, no. 3 (June 8, 2018): 598–621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhx028.

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Abstract We investigate whether social structure helps or hinders factor allocation using unusually rich data from the Gambia. Evidence indicates that land available for cultivation is allocated unequally across households; and that factor transfers are more common between neighbors, co-ethnics, and kinship-related households. Does this lead to the conclusion that land inequality is due to flows of land between households being impeded by social divisions? To answer this question, a novel methodology that approaches exhaustive data on dyadic flows from an aggregate point of view is introduced. Land transfers lead to a more equal distribution of land and to more comparable factor ratios across households in general. But equalizing transfers of land are not more likely within ethnic or kinship groups. In conclusion, ethnic and kinship divisions do not hinder land and labor transfers in a way that contributes to aggregate factor inequality. Labor transfers do not equilibrate factor ratios across households. But it cannot be ruled out that they serve a beneficial role, for example, to deal with unanticipated health shocks.
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Magazzino, Cosimo. "Fiscal variables and growth convergence in the ECOWAS." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 7, no. 2 (June 13, 2016): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-03-2015-0032.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the relationship among fiscal variables (net lending, government expenditure and revenue) and economic growth in Sub-Saharan African countries. Design/methodology/approach – Using yearly data for the period between 1980 and 2011 in 15 Economic Communities Of West African States (ECOWAS) countries, the relationship among fiscal variables, economic growth and trade is investigated, through various econometric techniques. Findings – Government expenditure and revenue show pro-cyclical effects in West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) and ECOWAS countries, while fiscal balance has a pro-cyclical nature for WAEMU during the years 1999-2011. Moreover, a weak long-run relationship between government expenditure and revenue emerge, but only in the case of West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ) countries. Granger causality analysis showed mixed results for WAEMU countries, while for four out of six WAMZ countries (Gambia, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone) the “tax-and-spend” hypothesis holds, since government revenue would drive the expenditure. Finally, in the last three decades, cyclical component of economic growth has reduced its fluctuations, both for WAEMU and WAMZ member States. Originality/value – This is the first study on the effects of fiscal policies in the ECOWAS countries.
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Renner, Lorna Awo, Effua Usuf, Nuredin Ibrahim Mohammed, Daniel Ansong, Thomas Dankwah, Jonas Tettey Kusah, Sandra Kwarteng Owusu, et al. "Hospital-based Surveillance for Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis in the Era of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Ghana." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, Supplement_2 (September 5, 2019): S89—S96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz464.

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Abstract Background Global surveillance for vaccine preventable invasive bacterial diseases has been set up by the World Health Organization to provide disease burden data to support decisions on introducing pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV). We present data from 2010 to 2016 collected at the 2 sentinel sites in Ghana. Methods Data were collected from children <5 years of age presenting at the 2 major teaching hospitals with clinical signs of meningitis. Cerebrospinal fluid specimens were collected and tested first at the sentinel site laboratory with conventional microbiology methods and subsequently with molecular analysis, at the World Health Organization Regional Reference Laboratory housed at the Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, for identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis, the 3 most common bacteria causing meningitis. Results There were 4008 suspected cases of meningitis during the surveillance period, of which 31 (0.8%) were laboratory confirmed. Suspected meningitis cases decreased from 923 in 2010 to 219 in 2016. Of 3817 patients with available outcome data, 226 (5.9%) died. S. pneumoniae was the most common bacterial pathogen, accounting for 68.5% of confirmed cases (50 of 73). H. influenzae and N. meningitidis accounted for 6.8% (5 of 73) and 21.9% (16 of 73), respectively. The proportion of pneumococcal vaccine serotypes causing meningitis decreased from 81.3% (13 of 16) before the introduction of 13-valent PCV (2010–2012) to 40.0% (8 of 20) after its introduction (2013–2016). Conclusions Cases of suspected meningitis decreased among children <5 years of age between 2010 and 2016, with declines in the proportion of vaccine-type pneumococcal meningitis after the introduction of 13-valent PCV in Ghana.
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Boni-Cisse, Catherine, Sheikh Jarju, Rowan E. Bancroft, Nicaise A. Lepri, Hamidou Kone, N’zue Kofi, Alice Britoh-Mlan, et al. "Etiology of Bacterial Meningitis Among Children <5 Years Old in Côte d’Ivoire: Findings of Hospital-based Surveillance Before and After Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, Supplement_2 (September 5, 2019): S114—S120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz475.

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Abstract Background Bacterial meningitis remains a major disease affecting children in Côte d’Ivoire. Thus, with support from the World Health Organization (WHO), Côte d’Ivoire has implemented pediatric bacterial meningitis (PBM) surveillance at 2 sentinel hospitals in Abidjan, targeting the main causes of PBM: Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus). Herein we describe the epidemiological characteristics of PBM observed in Côte d’Ivoire during 2010–2016. Methods Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected from children aged <5 years admitted to the Abobo General Hospital or University Hospital Center Yopougon with suspected meningitis. Microbiology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques were used to detect the presence of pathogens in CSF. Where possible, serotyping/grouping was performed to determine the specific causative agents. Results Overall, 2762 cases of suspected meningitis were reported, with CSF from 39.2% (1083/2762) of patients analyzed at the WHO regional reference laboratory in The Gambia. In total, 82 (3.0% [82/2762]) CSF samples were positive for bacterial meningitis. Pneumococcus was the main pathogen responsible for PBM, accounting for 69.5% (52/82) of positive cases. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes 5, 18C, 19F, and 6A/B were identified post–vaccine introduction. Emergence of H. influenzae nontypeable meningitis was observed after H. influenzae type b vaccine introduction. Conclusions Despite widespread use and high coverage of conjugate vaccines, pneumococcal vaccine serotypes and H. influenzae type b remain associated with bacterial meningitis among children aged <5 years in Côte d’Ivoire. This reinforces the need for enhanced surveillance for vaccine-preventable diseases to determine the prevalence of bacterial meningitis and vaccine impact across the country.
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Schoenbuchner, Simon M., Carmel Dolan, Martha Mwangome, Andrew Hall, Stephanie A. Richard, Jonathan C. Wells, Tanya Khara, Bakary Sonko, Andrew M. Prentice, and Sophie E. Moore. "The relationship between wasting and stunting: a retrospective cohort analysis of longitudinal data in Gambian children from 1976 to 2016." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 110, no. 2 (February 7, 2019): 498–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqy326.

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ABSTRACT Background The etiologic relationship between wasting and stunting is poorly understood, largely because of a lack of high-quality longitudinal data from children at risk of undernutrition. Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the interrelationships between wasting and stunting in children aged &lt;2 y. Methods This study involved a retrospective cohort analysis, based on growth-monitoring records spanning 4 decades from clinics in rural Gambia. Anthropometric data collected at scheduled infant welfare clinics were converted to z scores, comprising 64,342 observations on 5160 subjects (median: 12 observations per individual). Children were defined as “wasted” if they had a weight-for-length z score &lt;–2 against the WHO reference and “stunted” if they had a length-for-age z score &lt;–2. Results Levels of wasting and stunting were high in this population, peaking at approximately (girls–boys) 12–18% at 10–12 months (wasted) and 37–39% at 24 mo of age (stunted). Infants born at the start of the annual wet season (July–October) showed early growth faltering in weight-for-length z score, putting them at increased risk of subsequent stunting. Using time-lagged observations, being wasted was predictive of stunting (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 2.7, 3.9), even after accounting for current stunting. Boys were more likely to be wasted, stunted, and concurrently wasted and stunted than girls, as well as being more susceptible to seasonally driven growth deficits. Conclusions We provide evidence that stunting is in part a biological response to previous episodes of being wasted. This finding suggests that stunting may represent a deleterious form of adaptation to more overt undernutrition (wasting). This is important from a policy perspective as it suggests we are failing to recognize the importance of wasting simply because it tends to be more acute and treatable. These data suggest that stunted children are not just short children but are children who earlier were more seriously malnourished and who are survivors of a composite process.
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Zyba, Sarah J., Rita Wegmüller, Leslie R. Woodhouse, Kabiru Ceesay, Andrew M. Prentice, Kenneth H. Brown, and K. Ryan Wessells. "Effect of exogenous phytase added to small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) on the fractional and total absorption of zinc from a millet-based porridge consumed with SQ-LNS in young Gambian children: a randomized controlled trial." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 110, no. 6 (September 5, 2019): 1465–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz205.

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ABSTRACT Background Dietary phytate inhibits zinc absorption from composite meals in adults. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of adding exogenous phytase to a small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplement (SQ-LNS) on zinc absorption among young children. Methods In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, intraindividual differences in fractional and total absorption of zinc (FAZ and TAZ, respectively) from a millet-based porridge containing SQ-LNS with and without phytase were measured in 30 asymptomatic children 18–23 mo of age in the Kiang West district of The Gambia. Using a crossover design, children received for 1 d each porridge test meals with 20 g SQ-LNS containing 8 mg zinc and either 1) exogenous phytase or 2) no exogenous phytase. The test meals were provided on consecutive days in randomized order. FAZ was measured using a triple stable isotope tracer ratio technique with Zn-67 and Zn-70 as oral tracers and Zn-68 as the intravenous tracer. Results Twenty-six participants completed the study. The prevalence of stunting and wasting were 20% and 13%, respectively; no children had low plasma zinc concentrations (&lt;65 μg/dL). Total mean ± SD dietary zinc intake from the test meals was 7.3 ± 2.2 mg (phytate:zinc molar ratio = 3.1 ± 0.3, not accounting for phytase activity). Mean FAZ increased from 8.6% ± 1.3% to 16.0% ± 1.3% when exogenous phytase was added to the SQ-LNS product (P &lt; 0.001). Mean TAZ from test meals containing SQ-LNS with phytase was more than double that from test meals containing SQ-LNS without phytase (1.1 ± 0.1 mg and 0.5 ± 0.1 mg, respectively; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions The addition of exogenous phytase to SQ-LNS increased both FAZ and TAZ. These results suggest that phytate reduction may be an important strategy to increase zinc absorption among young children. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02668133.
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Hidayat, M. Ridho, and Sany Dwita. "Analisis Gambar “Kesetaraan Gender” Dalam Dunia Digital: Sebuah Eksplorasi Pada Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia." JURNAL EKSPLORASI AKUNTANSI 2, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 2214–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jea.v2i1.208.

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The purpose of this study is to analyse how website of Institute of Indonesia Chartered Accountants contribute in gender equality of accounting profession in Indonesia. The processes of constructing and redesigning website and the selection of the images that appearing on it are analysed as important mechanism which not only reflect ‘realities’, but also contribute to proliferation diachronically existed power relations, gender inequalities, and gendered hierarchies. This study finds a proliferation of images of (accounting) women on structure of the profession even if men are still dominant. The outcome of this to encourage women participation in accounting profession. The empirical proof presented in this study, points toward a lack of images representing professional accounting women. But when women are represented, they are depicted in similar roles as like men roles. These findings explain that Institute of Indonesia Chartered Accountants has become progressive and attempted to reduce the exercises of gender inequality in the accounting profession and contribute to empower gender equality. This study argues that a proliferation in the representation of (accounting) women in Indonesia digital space would flourish a positive step towards the inclusion of women in the Indonesia profession.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Accounting – Gambia"

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Faal, Ebrima A. "An analysis of economic & social accounting prices in the Gambia /." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61851.

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Books on the topic "Accounting – Gambia"

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Jabara, Cathy L. A social accounting matrix for the Gambia. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell Food and Nutrition Policy Program, 1992.

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Gambel, Edoardo L. La valutazione, simulazione e previsione nella gestione d'impresa: Il programma "Gambel 1" su personal computer. Milano, Italy: F. Angeli, 1986.

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The Reform of the government accounting service: Progress report on Five-Year Plan, 1984-1989. Banjul, Gambia: The Department, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Accounting – Gambia"

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Elsner, James B., and Thomas H. Jagger. "Bayesian Models." In Hurricane Climatology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199827633.003.0016.

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In this chapter, we focus on Bayesian modeling. Information about past hurricanes is available from instruments and written accounts. Written accounts are generally less precise than instrumental observations, which tend to become even more precise as technology advances. Here we show you how to build Bayesian models that make use of the available information while accounting for differences in levels of precision. We begin with a model for U.S. hurricane frequency and finish with a space–time model for basin-wide occurrences. We start with a model for predicting U.S. hurricane activity over the next three decades. The model is useful as a benchmark for climate change studies. The methodology was originally presented in Elsner and Bossak (2001) based on the formalism given in Epstein (1985). As you have seen throughout this book, the arrival of hurricanes on the coast is usefully considered a stochastic process, where the annual counts are described reasonably well by a Poisson distribution. The Poisson distribution is a limiting form of the binomial distribution with no upper bound on the number of occurrences and where the parameter λ characterizes the rate process. Knowledge of λ allows you to make statements about future hurricane frequency. Since the process is stochastic, your statements will be given in terms of probabilities (see Chapter 7). For example, the probability of ĥ hurricanes occurring over the next T years (e.g., 1, 5, 20, etc.) is . . . f (ĥ |λ,T) = exp(−λT) (λT)h/h! for h = 0,1,. . . , λ>0, and T > 0 (12.1) . . . The hat notation is used to indicate future values. The parameter λ and statistic T appear in the formula as a product, which is the mean and variance of the distribution. Knowledge about λ can come from historical written archives and instrumental records. It is logical for you to want to use as much of this information as possible before inferring something about future activity. This requires you to treat λ as a parameter that can be any positive real number, rather than as a fixed constant. One form for expressing your judgment about the values λ can take is through the gamma distribution.
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Conference papers on the topic "Accounting – Gambia"

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Bitner-Gregersen, Elzbieta M., and Odin Gramstad. "Comparison of Temporal and Spatial Statistics of Nonlinear Waves." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95357.

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Abstract In the past, it was most common to derive wave parameters and their statistics from time series of wave elevation. The duration of the wave records has been usually restricted to 20 or 30 minutes. Recently, increasing attention has started to be given to spatial wave data and wave statistics, particularly due to introduction in oceanography of stereo camera systems for collecting space–time ensemble of sea surface elevation. Using numerical linear, 2nd and 3rd order simulations this study compares temporal and spatial statistics of wave parameters. The 3rd order wave data are simulated by a numerical solver based on the Higher Order Spectral Method (HOSM) which includes the leading order nonlinear dynamical effects, accounting for the effect of modulational instability. The Pierson-Moskowitz and the JONSWAP spectrum with different gamma parameters are used in the analysis. Sea states with wave steepness where rogue waves were recorded in nature are considered. Consequences of using temporal contra spatial statistics are discussed in perspective of marine structures’ design. Functional dependency between wave parameters characterizing occurrence of rogue waves in unidirectional wave field is proposed.
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Velusamy, K., P. Chellapandi, G. R. Raviprasan, P. Selvaraj, and S. C. Chetal. "Thermal Hydraulic Analysis of Severe Accident in PFBR." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29356.

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During a core disruptive accident (CDA), the amount of primary sodium that can be released to Reactor Containment Building (RCB) in Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) is estimated to be 350 kg/s, by a transient fluid dynamic calculation. The pressure and temperature evolutions inside RCB, due to consequent sodium fire have been estimated by a constant burning rate model, accounting for heat absorption by RCB wall, assuming RCB isolation based on area gamma monitors. The maximum pressure developed is 7000 Pa. In case RCB isolation is delayed, then the final pressure inside RCB reduces below atmospheric pressure due to cooling of RCB air. The negative pressure that can be developed is estimated by dynamic thermal hydraulic modeling of RCB air / wall to be −3500 Pa. These investigations were useful to arrive at the RCB design pressure. Following CDA, RCB is isolated for 40 days. During this period, the heat added to RCB is dissipated to atmosphere only by natural convection. Considering all the possible routes of heat addition to RCB, evolution of RCB wall temperature has been predicted using HEATING5 code. It is established that the maximum temperature in RCB wall is less than the permissible value.
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Dasari, Paul, Arda Konik, Mohammed S. Shazeeb, and Michael A. King. "Accounting for the hysteresis of respiratory motion of the heart in cardiac SPECT and PET using the Bouc-Wen model of hysteresis." In 2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC 2012) & Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2012.6551692.

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Archambault, Brian C., Joseph R. Lapinskas, Jing Wang, Jeffrey A. Webster, and R. P. Taleyarkhan. "Ascertaining Directional Information From Incident Nuclear Radiation." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75759.

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Unprecedented capabilities for the detection of nuclear particles are presented by tensioned metastable fluid states which can be attained via tailored resonant acoustic systems such as the acoustic tensioned metastable fluid detection (ATMFD) systems. Radiation detection in tensioned metastable fluids is accomplished via macro-mechanical manifestations of femto-scale nuclear interactions. Incident nuclear particles interact with the dynamically tensioned metastable fluid wherein the intermolecular bonds are sufficiently weakened such that the recoil of ionized nuclei generates nano-scale vapor cavities which grow to visible scales. Ionized nuclei form preferentially in the direction of incoming radiation, therefore, enabling the capability to ascertain information on directionality of incoming radiation — an unprecedented development in the field of radiation detection. Nuclear particle detection via ATMFD systems has been previously reported, demonstrating the ability to detect a broad range of nuclear particles, to detect neutrons over an energy range of eight orders of magnitude, to operate with intrinsic detection efficiencies beyond 90%, and to ascertain information on directionality of incoming radiation. This paper presents advancements that expand on these accomplishments, thereby increasing the accuracy and precision of ascertaining directionality information utilizing enhanced signal processing-cum-signal analysis, refined computational algorithms, and on demand enlargement of the detector sensitive volume. Advances in the development of ATMFD systems were accomplished utilizing a combination of experimentation and theoretical modeling. Modeling methodologies include Monte-Carlo based nuclear particle transport using MCNP5 and complex multi-physics based assessments accounting for acoustic, structural, and electromagnetic coupling of the ATMFD system via COMSOL’s Multi-physics simulation platform. Benchmarking and qualification studies have been conducted with special nuclear material (SNM), Pu-based neutron-gamma sources, with encouraging results. These results show that the ATMFD system, in its current configuration, is capable of locating the direction of a radioactive source to within 30° with 80% confidence.
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Oryniak, Andrii, and Igor Orynyak. "Swelling of VVER-1000 Core Baffle: Numerical Modeling and Direct Measurement of its Geometrical Dimensions." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65769.

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Traditionally, the brittle strength evaluation of reactor pressure vessel was the central issue in lifetime assessment of Ukrainian nuclear power plants (NPPs). The problem of swelling of the reactor core baffle only recently got due attention from the side of operator. Here the most efforts were given on numerical modeling of austenitic steel 08Kh18N10T swelling and its effect on induced stresses in core baffle and distortion of its geometry. The calculation shows that essential changing of core baffle dimensions is expected after 35–40 years of operation. Eventually this can lead to the contact with the core barrel. Yet, these predictions contain the big number of uncertainties related to the input data used in analysis: fluence distribution; temperature variation due to heat release induced by neutron and gamma radiation; thermal-hydraulic boundary condition between the baffle and coolant; and, especially, the adopted law of swelling in dependence with above factors as well as mechanical stresses. So, the second task was to measure the real geometry of baffle after 27 years of operation, to determine its change and compare these results with the numerically calculated data with accounting for the design tolerances. Thus, the spatial measurement system (SMS) equipped with ultrasonic gages was designed. It contains the central vertical beam which can move in vertical direction and rotate. To the lower end of the beam four horizontal levels are attached, which are equipped with device resistant to the hot water and radiation. The gages are used to measure the shortest distances to the edges of baffle. Two types of results were obtained. The first one are the measurements in the different horizontal planes obtained by rotation the SMS around the vertical axis with angular steps equal to 1 degree. These results were difficult to handle with and required a special mathematical treatment due to the possible shift of the centre of measurement. The second set of measurements was performed by moving the SMS in vertical direction. These data demonstrate the change of distance with the height. The results clearly show that problem of swelling do exists, and, in general, the measured patterns of the distortions along the vertical and angular coordinates correspond to numerically obtained results. Further work on baffle integrity is however needed.
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Reports on the topic "Accounting – Gambia"

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Mesick, Katherine Elizabeth. Delayed Gamma Signature Accounting for Field Line Transport of Debris Ions after a Nuclear Explosion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1569569.

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