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1

Ghalehbandi, Seyed Mahmoud, Massoud Malaki, and Manoj Gupta. "Accumulative Roll Bonding—A Review." Applied Sciences 9, no. 17 (September 3, 2019): 3627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173627.

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Different manufacturing processes can be utilized to fabricate light-weight high-strength materials for their applications in a wide spectrum of industries such as aerospace, automotive and biomedical sectors among which accumulative roll bonding (ARB) is a promising severe plastic deformation (SPD) method capable of creating ultrafine grains (UFG) in the final microstructure. The present review discusses recent advancements in the ARB process starting with the ARB basics, intricacies of the underlying mechanisms and physics, different materials, surface and rolling parameters, and finally its key effects on different properties such as strength, ductility, fatigue, toughness, superplasticity, tribology and thermal characteristics. Moreover, results of recent computational investigations have also been briefed towards the end. It is believed that ARB processing is an emerging area with tremendous opportunities in the industrial sector and ample potential in tailoring microstructures for high-performance materials.
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2

Saito, Yoshihiro, Hiroshi Utsunomiya, Nobuhiro Tsuji, Tetsuo Sakai, and Ren-Guo Hong. "Accumulative Roll-Bonding of 1100 Aluminum." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 63, no. 6 (1999): 790–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.63.6_790.

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3

Farhadipour, Pedram, M. Sedighi, and Mohammad Heydari vini. "Using warm accumulative roll bonding method to produce Al-Al2O3 metal matrix composite." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 231, no. 5 (April 2017): 889–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405417703421.

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In this study, warm accumulative roll bonding process has been used to produce metal matrix composite (Al/1% Al2O3). The microstructure and mechanical properties of composites have been studied after different warm accumulative roll bonding cycles by tensile test, Vickers micro-hardness test and scanning electron microscopy. The scanning electron microscopy results reveal that during higher warm accumulative roll bonding cycles, the layers of alumina particles are broken. It leads to the generation of elongated dense clusters with smaller sizes. This microstructure evolution leads to improve the hardness, strength and elongation during the accumulative roll bonding process. The results demonstrated that the dispersed alumina clusters improve both the strength and toughness of the composites. Also, an extra pass of cold rolling on the final warm accumulative roll bonding product shows the ability to obtain further strength. In general, warm accumulative roll bonding process would allow fabricating metal particle reinforced with high uniformity, good mechanical properties and high bonding strength.
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4

Fathy, Adel, Dalia Ibrahim, Omayma Elkady, and Mohammed Hassan. "Evaluation of mechanical properties of 1050-Al reinforced with SiC particles via accumulative roll bonding process." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 2 (June 19, 2018): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318781462.

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Accumulative roll bonding was successfully used as a severe plastic deformation method to produce Al–SiC composite sheets. The effect of the addition of SiC particles on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the composites during accumulative roll bonding was studied. The Al–1, 2 and 4 vol.% SiC composite sheets were produced by accumulative roll bonding at room temperature. Monolithic Al sheets were also produced by the accumulative roll bonding process to compare with the composite samples. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed that the particles had a random and uniform distribution in the matrix by the last accumulative roll bonding cycles, and strong mechanical bonding takes place at the interface of the particle matrix. This microstructural evolution led to improvement in the hardness, strength and elongation during the accumulative roll bonding process. It is also shown that by increasing the volume fraction of particles up to 4 vol.% SiC, the yield and tensile strengths of the composite sheets increased more than 1.2 and 1.3 times the accumulative roll-bonded aluminum sheets, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy observation of fractured surface showed that the failure broken of composite was shear ductile rupture.
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5

Reihanian, M., M. Dashtbozorg, and SM Lari Baghal. "Fabrication of glass/carbon fiber-reinforced Al-based composites through deformation bonding." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 18 (February 26, 2019): 2531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319833004.

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The goal of the present study is to fabricate the short fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites by accumulative roll bonding. Various mixtures of fibers including 100 glass, 95 glass/5 carbon and 80 glass/20 carbon (all in wt.%) were used as the reinforcement. In order to investigate the bonding quality at layer interface, the composites with various fiber mixtures were produced by cold roll bonding. The bonding strength of the composites under different processing conditions including the fiber mixture, reduction in thickness and post-rolling annealing was measured by the peeling test. The 95 glass/5 carbon mixture was used to fabricate the fiber-reinforced composite through accumulative roll bonding. The fiber distribution, tensile properties and wear behavior of the composite were investigated at various numbers of accumulative roll bonding cycle. It was found that during accumulative roll bonding, the fiber clusters were broken and fragmented into smaller pieces. Results showed that the tensile strength and wear resistance of the composite enhanced with increasing the number of accumulative roll bonding cycles.
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6

FATEMI-VARZANEH, S. M., A. ZAREI-HANZAKI, and M. HAGHSHENAS. "ACCUMULATIVE ROLL BONDING OF AZ31 MAGNESIUM ALLOY." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 18n19 (July 30, 2008): 2833–939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208047651.

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This work conducted to investigate the effects of accumulative roll bonding (ARB) method on achieving the ultra-fine grain microstructure in AZ31 alloy. Accordingly, a number of ARB routes at 400°C, applying thickness reductions per pass of 35%, 55%, and 85% were performed. The results indicate that both the final grain size and the degree of bonding have been dictated by the thickness reduction per pass. The larger pass reductions promote a higher degree of bonding. Increasing the total strain stimulates the formation of a more homogeneous ultra fine grain microstructure.
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7

Hausöl, Tina, Verena Maier, Christian W. Schmidt, Michael Winkler, Heinz Werner Höppel, and Mathias Göken. "Tailoring Materials Properties by Accumulative Roll Bonding." Advanced Engineering Materials 12, no. 8 (July 22, 2010): 740–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.201000044.

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8

Inoue, Tadanobu, Akira Yanagida, and Jun Yanagimoto. "Finite element simulation of accumulative roll-bonding process." Materials Letters 106 (September 2013): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2013.04.093.

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9

Takata, Naoki, Seong-Hee Lee, Cha-Yong Lim, Sang-Shik Kim, and Nobuhiro Tsuji. "Nanostructured Bulk Copper Fabricated by Accumulative Roll Bonding." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 3985–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.073.

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In this study, we tried to fabricate the nanostructured bulk copper alloys by a severe plastic deformation process. The sheets of copper alloys (OFC, PMC90, and DLP) were heavily deformed to an equivalent strain of 6.4 by the accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) process. The microstructure and the mechanical property of the fabricated specimens were systematically investigated. The microstructure was finely subdivided with increasing the equivalent strain by the ARB process. The severely deformed copper alloys exhibited the ultrafine lamellar boundary structure where the mean lamella spacing was about 200 nm. The strength significantly increased with decreasing the lamella spacing in the ARB processed copper alloys. Especially, the tensile strength of the DLP alloys ARB processed by 8 cycles (the equivalent strain of 6.4) reached to 520 MPa, which was about three times higher than that of same materials with conventional grain size of 10–100 μm. On the other hand, the total elongation greatly dropped only by 1 ARB cycle corresponding to an equivalent strain of 0.8, which was around 3%. However, the total elongation increased again with increasing the number of the ARB cycle, and it reached to 10% after 8 cycles. The recovery of the total elongation could be recognized in all studied copper alloys. The obtained stress–strain curves showed that the improvement of the total elongation was caused by the increase in the post-uniform elongation. It can be concluded that the nanostructured copper alloys sheets having high strength without a large loss of ductility could be fabricated by the ARB process.
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10

Krallics, G., and J. G. Lenard. "An examination of the accumulative roll-bonding process." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 152, no. 2 (October 2004): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.03.015.

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11

Mokhles, Mohammad, Morteza Hosseini, Habib Danesh-Manesh, and Seyed Mojtaba Zebarjad. "Structure and mechanical properties of Ni/Ti multilayered composites produced by accumulative roll-bonding process." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 8 (September 22, 2019): 1119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319874391.

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This research studies the structure and mechanical properties of Ni/Ti multilayered composites produced from commercial pure Ni and Ti foils by accumulative roll-bonding technique. To investigate these properties, scanning electron microscopy, Vickers microhardness, and uniaxial tensile tests were conducted at different processing cycles. Studies showed that in terms of structure, Ni and Ti layers maintain their continuity even up to 10 cycles of accumulative roll-bonding. Moreover, the energy-dispersive spectroscopy in scanning electron microscopy detected no deformation induced diffusion or reactive interfacial zones. It was found that by increasing the accumulative roll-bonding cycles, tensile and yield strengths as well as the hardness of the composite enhance and the total elongation reduces continuously.
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12

Elwan, Medhat, A. Fathy, A. Wagih, A. R. S. Essa, A. Abu-Oqail, and Ahmed E. EL-Nikhaily. "Fabrication and investigation on the properties of ilmenite (FeTiO3)-based Al composite by accumulative roll bonding." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 10 (September 23, 2019): 1259–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319876684.

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In the present study, the aluminum (Al) 1050–FeTiO3 composite was fabricated through accumulative roll bonding process, and the resultant mechanical properties were evaluated at different deformation cycles at ambient temperature. The effect of the addition of FeTiO3 particle on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the composite during accumulative roll bonding was investigated. The Al–2, 4, and 8 vol.% FeTiO3 composites were produced by accumulative roll bonding at room temperature. The results showed improvement in the dispersions of the particles with the increase in the number of the rolling cycles. In order to study the mechanical properties, tensile and hardness tests were applied. It was observed that hardness and tensile strength improve with increasing accumulative roll bonding cycles. The microhardness and tensile strength of the final composites are significantly improved as compared to those of original raw material Al 1050 and increase with increasing volume fraction of FeTiO3, reaching a maximum of ∼75 HV and ∼169 MPa for Al–8 vol.% FeTiO3 at seventh cycle, respectively.
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13

Rahman, KM Mostafijur, Jerzy Szpunar, Mohammad Reza Toroghinejad, and George Belev. "Characterization of aluminum/alumina/TiC hybrid composites in 3D produced by anodizing and accumulating roll bonding process using synchrotron radiation tomography." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 9 (August 23, 2018): 1215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318796177.

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Hybrid composites of Al/Al2O3/TiC were produced by anodizing and accumulative roll bonding processes. We implemented 3D imaging of the composites using synchrotron radiation tomography at Biomedical Imaging and Therapy’s 05B1-1 beamline at Canadian Light Source to collect information on internal structure of these hybrid composites i.e. distribution of particles and voids, particle/matrix interface and surface area distribution after different accumulative roll bonding passes. The volume and interface surface area distribution are responsible for strength and toughness of the composites along with other factors such as strain hardening and formation of ultrafine grains. We found that the mechanical properties improved as the number of accumulative roll bonding passes increases and the internal homogeneity of structure also improved. The composites after different accumulative roll bonding passes are studied where the number of reinforced particles and voids and their shape and size distribution were accurately being quantified in 3D to relate with mechanical properties of the composite. Such information should be of importance in analysis and improvement of the manufacturing process of these types of composites.
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14

Alizadeh, Morteza. "Processing of Al/B4C composites by cross-roll accumulative roll bonding." Materials Letters 64, no. 23 (December 2010): 2641–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2010.08.039.

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15

Nyirenda, Kawunga, Liu Qing, and Chen Zejun. "Processing a Multilayer laminate sheet by accumulative roll bonding." International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research 2, no. 2 (April 20, 2013): 160–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.6088/ijaser.020200007.

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16

Luo, Xuan, Zongqiang Feng, Tianbo Yu, Tianlin Huang, Rongguang Li, Guilin Wu, Niels Hansen, and Xiaoxu Huang. "Microstructural evolution in Mg-3Gd during accumulative roll-bonding." Materials Science and Engineering: A 772 (January 2020): 138763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.138763.

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17

Yazdani, Ali, N. Pardis, R. Hosseini, and R. Ebrahimi. "Strain composite strips produced by accumulative roll bonding technique." Materials Science and Engineering: A 577 (August 2013): 158–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.03.085.

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18

Ng, Hoi Pang, Thomas Przybilla, Christian Schmidt, Rimma Lapovok, Dmitry Orlov, Heinz-Werner Höppel, and Mathias Göken. "Asymmetric accumulative roll bonding of aluminium–titanium composite sheets." Materials Science and Engineering: A 576 (August 2013): 306–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.04.027.

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19

del Valle, J. A., M. T. Pérez-Prado, and O. A. Ruano. "Accumulative roll bonding of a Mg-based AZ61 alloy." Materials Science and Engineering: A 410-411 (November 2005): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.08.097.

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20

Jamaati, R., M. R. Toroghinejad, H. Edris, and M. R. Salmani. "Fracture of steel nanocomposite made using accumulative roll bonding." Materials Science and Technology 30, no. 15 (August 12, 2014): 1973–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743284714y.0000000634.

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21

Su, Lihong, Cheng Lu, Kiet Tieu, and Guanyu Deng. "Annealing Behavior of Accumulative Roll Bonding Processed Aluminum Composites." steel research international 84, no. 12 (June 19, 2013): 1241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/srin.201300032.

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22

Slámová, Margarita, Petr Homola, P. Sláma, Miroslav Karlík, Miroslav Cieslar, Yoshitatsu Ohara, and Nobuhiro Tsuji. "Accumulative Roll Bonding of AA8006, AA8011 and AA5754 Sheets." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 1227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.1227.

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Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) is a technique of grain refinement by severe plastic deformation, which involves multiple repetitions of surface treatment, stacking, rolling, and cutting. The rolling with 50% reduction in thickness bonds the sheets. After several cycles, ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials are produced. Since ARB enables the production of large amounts of UFG materials, its adoption into industrial practice is favoured. ARB has been successfully used for preparation of UFG sheets from different ingot cast aluminium alloys. Twin-roll casting (TRC) is a cost and energy effective method for manufacturing aluminium sheets. Fine particles and small grain size are intrinsic for TRC sheets making them good starting materials for ARB. The paper presents the results of a research aimed at investigating the feasibility of ARB processing of three TRC alloys, AA8006, AA8011 and AA5754, at ambient temperature. The microstructure and properties of the ARB were investigated by means of light and transmission electron microscopy and hardness measurements. AA8006 specimens were ARB processed without any problems. Sound sheets of AA8011 alloy were also obtained even after 8 cycles of ARB. The AA5754 alloy suffered from severe edge and notch cracking since the first cycle. The work hardening of AA8006 alloy saturated after the 3rd cycle, whereas the hardness of AA5754 alloy increased steadily up to the 5th cycle. Monotonous increase in strength up to 280 MPa was observed in the ARB processed AA8011 alloy.
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23

Tamimi, Saeed, Mostafa Ketabchi, Nader Parvin, Mehdi Sanjari, and Augusto Lopes. "Accumulative Roll Bonding of Pure Copper and IF Steel." International Journal of Metals 2014 (September 23, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/179723.

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Severe plastic deformation is a new method to produce ultrafine grain materials with enhanced mechanical properties. The main objective of this work is to investigate whether accumulative roll bonding (ARB) is an effective grain refinement technique for two engineering materials of pure copper and interstitial free (IF) steel strips. Additionally, the influence of severely plastic deformation imposed by ARB on the mechanical properties of these materials with different crystallographic structure is taken into account. For this purpose, a number of ARB processes were performed at elevated temperature on the materials with 50% of plastic deformation in each rolling pass. Hardness of the samples was measured using microhardness tests. It was found that both the ultimate grain size achieved, and the degree of bonding depend on the number of rolling passes and the total plastic deformation. The rolling process was stopped in the 4th cycle for copper and the 10th cycle for IF steel, until cracking of the edges became pronounced. The effects of process temperature and wire-brushing as significant parameters in ARB process on the mechanical behaviour of the samples were evaluated.
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24

Abbasi, M., and SA Sajjadi. "Manufacturing of Al–Al2O3–Mg multilayered nanocomposites by accumulative roll bonding process and study of its microstructure, tensile, and bending properties." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 2 (April 6, 2017): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317703693.

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Accumulative roll bonding is used for producing multilayered composites, with exciting mechanical properties, via the creation of bonding between dissimilar metallic layers. In this study for the first time, Al–Mg multilayered composites reinforced with nano-Al2O3 particles were produced by the accumulative roll bonding process at different temperatures. However, there was a problem regarding the adhesion of the nanoceramic particles with each other and with the sheet metals. To avoid these disadvantageous effects of the Al2O3 particle addition and to create better adhesion at interfaces, Al and different percentages of Al2O3 powders were ball milled and Al/Al2O3 composite powders were produced. Afterward, the composite powder was added between Al and Mg sheets and they were rolled to 50% reduction in thickness in each cycle. The process was continued up to four cycles at different temperatures. The microstructural evaluation and mechanical properties of aluminum/nanoalumina/magnesium composites showed that 300℃ is suitable temperature for accumulative roll bonding of Al and Mg sheets with nano-Al2O3 particles. Accumulative roll bonded composites with Al/5 wt% Al2O3 composite powder showed higher tensile strength while the maximum bending strength was related to the composites containing Al/10 wt% Al2O3. Fracture surfaces of the nanocomposites revealed a brittle fracture at higher cycles.
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25

Karlı́k, M., P. Homola, and M. Slámová. "Accumulative roll-bonding: first experience with a twin-roll cast AA8006 alloy." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 378, no. 1-2 (September 2004): 322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.10.082.

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26

Chen, M. C., and Wei Te Wu. "Microstructure Changed during Accumulative Roll Bonding of Al/Mg Composite." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 1445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1445.

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In this study, the ARB process is used and the Al(1100)/Mg (AZ31) alloys which is chosen. Steps of 12 layers are created. The ARB process creates a multilayer compound between Al/Mg layers with excellent bonding characteristics and fine grained microstructure. The bonding condition became ascendant gradually with increased from 1 to 3 cycles. The grain sizes of Al and Mg alloys were reached to 875 nm and 656 nm after 3 cycles. The hardness of the Al and Mg alloys were raised to 42Hv and 90Hv after 3 cycles.
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27

Alizadeh, Morteza, and M. H. Paydar. "High-strength nanostructured Al/B4C composite processed by cross-roll accumulative roll bonding." Materials Science and Engineering: A 538 (March 2012): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.12.101.

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28

Homola, Petr, Margarita Slámová†, Peter Sláma, Miroslav Cieslar, and Miroslav Karlík. "Preparation of ultrafine-grained twin-roll cast AlMg3 sheets by accumulative roll bonding." International Journal of Materials Research 100, no. 6 (June 2009): 863–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/146.110107.

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29

Bonnot, Erell, François Brisset, Anne Laure Helbert, and Thierry Baudin. "Texture Evolution of Armco Iron during Accumulative Roll Bonding Process." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.177.

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The Armco iron is one of the purest commercial iron with very low levels of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. In order to improve the mechanical properties, it is worth applying severe plastic deformation to obtain ultrafine-grained bulk materials, with grain size <1µm. In this study, samples of Armco iron were subjected to a technique of severe plastic deformation named Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB). The important parameter of ARB is the number of cycles and then the von Mises equivalent strain. By means of the Electron BackScattered Diffraction (EBSD) technique, the texture evolution with the number of cycles was studied. The microhardness was also measured in function of the equivalent strain. Finally, the mean grain size and the fraction of high angle grain boundaries were determined as a function of the number of cycles.
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30

Hidalgo, P., C. M. Cepeda-Jiménez, O. A. Ruano, and F. Carreño. "Accumulative Roll Bonding of 7075 Aluminium Alloy at High Temperature." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 1929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.1929.

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The 7075 Al alloy was processed by accumulative roll bonding (ARB) at 300, 350 and 400 °C. The microstructure and texture were characterized and the hardness was measured. Cell/(sub)grain sizes less than 500 nm and typical β-fibre rolling texture were observed in the three ARBed samples. At 400 °C, the presence of elements in solid solution leads to a poorly misoriented microstructure and to a homogeneous β-fibre texture. At 300 and 350 °C highly misoriented microstructure and heterogeneous β-fibre rolling texture are observed, especially at 350 °C, wherein the degree of dynamic recovery is higher. Hardness of the ARBed samples is affected by the amount of atoms in solid solution at the different processing temperatures.
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31

Merklein, Marion, and Wolfgang Böhm. "Accumulative Roll Bonding: Forming Behavior, Tailored Properties and Upscaling Approach." Advanced Materials Research 907 (April 2014): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.907.3.

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The Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) process enables the manufacturing of high strength sheet metals with outstanding mechanical properties by repeated rolling. However, the significant increase in strength leads to loss in ductility, especially regarding aluminum alloys of the 6000 series. The low formability obviously limits the implementation of these sheet products for formed components in automotive applications. To enhance formability, a local short term heat treatment according to the Tailored Heat Treated Blanks technology is used. For the finite element based design of forming operations accurate information about the plastic behavior of these tailored materials is required. Therefore, different stress - strain paths are considered using the tensile test and the layer compression test. In this context, heat treated and non-heat treated specimens out of ARB processed AA6016 were tested at room temperature. With the experimental results true stress strain curves and yield loci determined from different criteria and represented in a principal stress state were established. Regarding the experimental setup of the ARB process, an upscaling is essential for the production of sufficiently large strips to cut out blanks for the forming of components such as B-pillars. However, this requires the adaptation of the different process steps of the ARB process. In this context, the surface treatment before rolling of such large sheets is investigated, since it is particularly relevant for obtaining a strong bonding between the sheets. Another aspect is the investigation of the rolling process using the finite element analysis. In this regard, a thermal mechanical coupled simulation model of the roll bonding operation will be developed for the evaluation of different material combinations, different process temperatures and varying roller geometries. These investigations will enable the production of lightweight automotive components made of ARB processed high strength aluminum sheet metal with tailored properties.
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32

Pramono, Agus, Lauri Kollo, and Renno Veinthal. "Microstructure of AA7075 Based Composite by Accumulative Roll Bonding Process." Advanced Materials Research 1123 (August 2015): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1123.114.

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Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) is a Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) process invented in order to fabricate ultrafine grained materials. Aluminum Alloy series 7075 (AA7075) is a metal as a matrix reinforced by Alumina Nanofiber (ANF). In the development of advanced materials, AA7075/ANF composite metal is very suitable if it is processed by ARB, due to the combination of high style roll that is capable of producing material properties better. Hardness of AA77075 without reinforcement reached 128.3 Hv10. The additions of ANF on AA7075 reduce the hardness of 103.2 Hv10. This is due to large deformation of high load on the ARB which results in decrease levels of precipitates as well as lower density and reduction in the average grain size.
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33

Romberg, Jan, Jens Freudenberger, Hansjörg Bauder, Georg Plattner, Hans Krug, Frank Holländer, Juliane Scharnweber, et al. "Ti/Al Multi-Layered Sheets: Accumulative Roll Bonding (Part A)." Metals 6, no. 2 (February 2, 2016): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met6020030.

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34

Trojanová, Zuzanka, Kristýna Halmešová, Zdeněk Drozd, Vladimír Šíma, Pavel Lukáč, Ján Džugan, and Peter Minárik. "Thermal Conductivity of an AZ31 Sheet after Accumulative Roll Bonding." Crystals 8, no. 7 (July 2, 2018): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst8070278.

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35

Karimi, Mohsen, Mohammad Reza Toroghinejad, and Jan Dutkiewicz. "Nanostructure formation during accumulative roll bonding of commercial purity titanium." Materials Characterization 122 (December 2016): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2016.10.024.

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36

Huang, X., N. Tsuji, N. Hansen, and Y. Minamino. "Microstructural evolution during accumulative roll-bonding of commercial purity aluminum." Materials Science and Engineering: A 340, no. 1-2 (January 2003): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(02)00182-x.

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37

Govindaraj, Nagaraj Vinayagam, Jan Gaute Frydendahl, and Bjørn Holmedal. "Layer continuity in accumulative roll bonding of dissimilar material combinations." Materials & Design (1980-2015) 52 (December 2013): 905–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.06.031.

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38

Duan, Jia Qi, Md Zakaria Quadir, and Michael Ferry. "Microstructure and Texture Evolution in Nickel during Accumulative Roll Bonding." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 454–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.454.

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Microstructure and texture evolution of commercially pure Ni processed by accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) up to eight cycles were studied using electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD). During ARB processing, the original coarse equiaxed grains were gradually transformed into refined lamellar grains along the rolling direction (RD). Shear bands started forming after three cycles. The fraction of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) increased after the first and second cycle because of orientation spreading within the original grains. However, their fraction decreased with the evolution of high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) during subsequent deformations, until saturation was reached after six cycles. Overall, the typical deformation texture components (S, Copper and Brass) were enhanced up to six ARB cycles and then only Copper was further strengthened. At higher cycles a higher Copper concentration was found near sample surface than the interiors due to a high frictional shear of ARB processing.
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39

Shahrezaei, Sina, Douglas C. Hofmann, and Suveen N. Mathaudhu. "Synthesis of Amorphous/Crystalline Laminated Metals via Accumulative Roll Bonding." JOM 71, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 585–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-018-3269-2.

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40

Shaarbaf, Mahnoosh, and Mohammad Reza Toroghinejad. "Nano-grained copper strip produced by accumulative roll bonding process." Materials Science and Engineering: A 473, no. 1-2 (January 2008): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.03.065.

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41

Daneshvar, F., M. Reihanian, and Kh Gheisari. "Al-based magnetic composites produced by accumulative roll bonding (ARB)." Materials Science and Engineering: B 206 (April 2016): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2016.01.003.

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42

Schmidt, Christian W., Catharina Knieke, Verena Maier, Heinz Werner Höppel, Wolfgang Peukert, and Mathias Göken. "Accelerated grain refinement during accumulative roll bonding by nanoparticle reinforcement." Scripta Materialia 64, no. 3 (February 2011): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.10.013.

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43

Su, Lihong, Cheng Lu, Anh Kiet Tieu, Guanyu Deng, and Xudong Sun. "Ultrafine grained AA1050/AA6061 composite produced by accumulative roll bonding." Materials Science and Engineering: A 559 (January 2013): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.08.109.

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44

Lakshmanan, Poovazhagan, S. C. Amith, and Kumanan Ganesan. "Accumulative roll bonding behavior of Al8011/SiC metal matrix nanocomposites." Materials Today: Proceedings 27 (2020): 1417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.02.786.

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45

Nasresfahani, Mohamad Reza, and Morteza Shamanian. "Characterization of Al1100-RHA composite developed by accumulative roll bonding." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 15 (December 11, 2018): 2047–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318817938.

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A metal–matrix composite was developed by eco-friendly accumulative roll bonding process and agricultural wastes. Amorphous silica particles were obtained by heating rice husk at 600℃ and then ball milling. Amorphous silica particles as a reinforcement were embedded in a matrix of aluminum 1100. Composites with various amounts (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7%, mass fraction) of rice husk ash particles were developed. The produced aluminum–rice husk ash composites were evaluated for structural changes and mechanical properties. The scanning electron micrographs showed a uniform distribution of rice husk ash particles and were bonded well with the aluminum matrix after 10 cycles. By increasing the rice husk ash content, the composite strength increases first and then becomes constant because of the inappropriate connection of aluminum sheets. Increasing the rice husk ash content of the composite causes the change from the ductile to a relatively brittle type of fracture.
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46

PIRGAZI, HADI, and ABBAS AKBARZADEH. "CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED ALUMINUM SHEETS PROCESSED BY ACCUMULATIVE ROLL BONDING." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 18n19 (July 30, 2008): 2840–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208047663.

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An ultrafine grained (UFG) aluminum sheet was produced using severe plastic deformation (SPD) by a process known as accumulative roll bonding (ARB). Electron Back Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) method and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were utilized for characterization of the subgrain and grain structures of the processed sheets. The results indicate that different mechanisms at different levels of strain lead to the gradual evolution of ultrafine or nanocrystalline grains. Grain fragmentation as well as the development of subgrains are the major mechanisms at the early stages of ARB. Strain induced transformation of low angle to high angle grain boundaries and formation of a thin lamellar structure occur at the medium level of strain. Finally, the progressive fragmentation of these thin lamellar structures into more equi-axed grains is the dominant mechanism at relatively high strains which results in grain size reduction to submicron scale.
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47

Alizadeh, Morteza, and Erfan Salahinejad. "Processing of ultrafine-grained aluminum by cross accumulative roll-bonding." Materials Science and Engineering: A 595 (February 2014): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.11.060.

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48

Su, Lihong, Cheng Lu, Huijun Li, Guanyu Deng, and Kiet Tieu. "Investigation of ultrafine grained AA1050 fabricated by accumulative roll bonding." Materials Science and Engineering: A 614 (September 2014): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2014.07.032.

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49

Tayyebi, M., D. Rahmatabadi, M. Adhami, and R. Hashemi. "Manufacturing of high-strength multilayered composite by accumulative roll bonding." Materials Research Express 6, no. 12 (January 10, 2020): 1265e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab6408.

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50

Slámová†, Margarita, Peter Sláma, Petr Homola, Jaromír Uhlíř, and Miroslav Cieslar. "Multilayer composite al99.99/almg3 sheets prepared by accumulative roll bonding." International Journal of Materials Research 100, no. 6 (June 2009): 858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/146.110106.

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