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1

Yin, Zi-Wei, and Li-Zhen Li. "A new species of Acetalius Sharp from eastern China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)." ZooKeys 592 (May 25, 2016): 93–101. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.592.8769.

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The genus Acetalius Sharp currently contains two species from Japan. In this paper, a third species, A. grandis Yin & Li, sp. n., is described from eastern China. The foveal pattern of Acetalius, and polymorphism and major diagnostic features of A. grandis are figured. An updated key to Acetalius species is provided.
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2

Besuchet, C. "Le genre Acetalius Sharp (Coleoptera: Pselaphidae)." Revue suisse de zoologie. 92 (1985): 761–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.81909.

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3

Besuchet, Claude. "Le genre Acetalius Sharp (Coleoptera: Pselaphidae)." Revue suisse de zoologie 92 (June 12, 1985): 761–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13483460.

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4

Besuchet, Claude. "Le genre Acetalius Sharp (Coleoptera: Pselaphidae)." Revue suisse de zoologie 92 (June 7, 1985): 761–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13483460.

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5

Besuchet, Claude. "Le genre Acetalius Sharp (Coleoptera: Pselaphidae)." Revue suisse de zoologie 92 (July 3, 1985): 761–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13483460.

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6

Besuchet, Claude. "Le genre Acetalius Sharp (Coleoptera: Pselaphidae)." Revue suisse de zoologie 92 (July 10, 1985): 761–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13483460.

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7

Besuchet, Claude. "Le genre Acetalius Sharp (Coleoptera: Pselaphidae)." Revue suisse de zoologie 92 (July 17, 1985): 761–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13483460.

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8

Yin, Zi-Wei, and Li-Zhen Li. "A new species of Acetalius Sharp from eastern China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)." ZooKeys 592 (May 25, 2016): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.592.8769.

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9

Kantlehner, Willi, Birgit Heckel, and Jochen Mezger. "Orthoamide und Iminiumsalze, CI. Umsetzungen von N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylharnstoffdiethylacetal mit CH2-aciden Verbindungen." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 75, no. 9-10 (2020): 865–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2020-0072.

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AbstractN,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylurea diethylacetal reacts with CH2-acidic compounds as benzylcyanide, cyanoacetic acid derivatives malonodinitrile and nitromethane to give ketene aminals or ketene-O,N-acetales. Low polar solvents favour mostly the formation of ketenaminals. The yields of ketenaminals and ketene-O,N-acetals can be improved in some cases by addition of trimethylsilyldimethylamine. The reactions of the urea acetal with diethylmalonate, ore acetyl acetone, stops at the stage of the N,N′,N″-permethylated guanidinium salts with carbanionic counterions. The formation of bis(dimethylamin
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10

Willand-Charnley, Rachel, and Timothy J. Paris. "Modern Synthesis and Chemistry of Stabilized Ketene N,O-Acetals." Synthesis 54, no. 06 (2021): 1537–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1713-8481.

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AbstractKetene N,O-acetals are robust and versatile synthons. Herein, we outline the synthesis of stable ketene N,O-acetals in the twenty-first century. In addition, we review recent developments in the chemistry of ketene N,O-acetals, as it applies to the vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction, electrolysis, and pericyclic transformations. While dated reports rely on in situ use, modern methods of ketene N,O-acetal synthesis are heavily oriented towards producing products with high ‘bench’ stability; moreover, in the present century, chemists typically enhance the stability of ketene N,O-acetals
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11

Rao, G. "A Novel Diazomethane-Mediated Synthesis of Azetidine-Embedded Tetracyclic Ketal Systems." Synthesis 50, no. 10 (2018): 2094–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1609363.

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Herein, the first diazomethane-mediated synthesis of azetidine-embedded tetracyclic ketal systems is reported. Reactions of norbornyl hemiaminal acetals with diazomethane afford azetidine-embedded tetracyclic ketals in good to excellent yields. The bridgehead-bromo-substituted hemiaminal acetals give higher yields compared to the corresponding bridgehead-chloro-substituted hemiaminal acetals. The hemiaminal acetals are prepared stereoselectively via nucleophilic addition of various amines to norbornyl α-diketones from the exo face.
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12

Deslongchamps, Pierre, Yves L. Dory, and Shigui Li. "1994 R.U. Lemieux Award Lecture Hydrolysis of acetals and ketals. Position of transition states along the reaction coordinates, and stereoelectronic effects." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 10 (1994): 2021–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v94-258.

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Past and recent experimental results on the formation or hydrolysis (or isomerization) of various acetals and ketals including α-and β-glycoside models are presented. Ab initio investigations of simple acetals are also briefly reviewed as well as recent experimental and theoretical support evidence for a synperiplanar effect. A detailed study using the semi-empirical Hamiltonian AM1 defining the reaction pathway in the hydrolysis of various acetals and ketals is reported. This overall study shows that the hydrolysis of acetals and ketals is controlled by powerful stereoelectronic effects.
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13

Denmark, Scott E., Vito Guagnano, and Jean Vaugeois. "Studies on the reduction and hydrolysis of nitroso acetals." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 79, no. 11 (2001): 1606–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v01-132.

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Chemical transformation of nitroso acetals derived from tandem [4 + 2]/[3 + 2] cycloadditions of nitroalkenes have been investigated. New reduction methods were surveyed in an attempt to supplant the use of hydrogen and Raney nickel. Homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation was not successful, but samarium diiodide did effectively and selectively cleave one of the N—O bonds in a number of nitroso acetals. Acid-promoted hydrolysis of the nitroso acetals produced both α-alkoxy nitrones and hydroxamic acids selectively via expected pathways.Key words: nitroso acetals, hydroxamic acids, α-alkoxy nitron
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14

Narine, Arun A., and Peter D. Wilson. "Synthesis and evaluation of 7-hydroxyindan-1-one-derived chiral auxiliaries." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 83, no. 5 (2005): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v05-052.

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A series of novel chiral acetals were prepared from 7-hydroxyindan-1-one and a variety of substituted chiral nonracemic C2-symmetric 1,2-ethanediols (R = Me, Ph, CH2OMe, CH2OBn, CH2O(1-Np), and i-Pr). These acetals were evaluated as chiral auxiliaries for use in asymmetric synthesis. A high degree of stereochemical induction was observed in the diethylaluminum chloride-promoted Diels–Alder reaction of an acrylate derivative (R = i-Pr) with cyclopentadiene (91:9 dr). This demonstrated that these acetals could serve as effective chiral directors in asymmetric substrate-directed reactions.Key wor
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15

Dodson, Jennifer R., Thales Avellar, Julia Athayde, and Claudio J. A. Mota. "Glycerol acetals with antioxidant properties." Pure and Applied Chemistry 86, no. 6 (2014): 905–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-1106.

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AbstractGlycerol acetals were prepared from glycerol and aromatic aldehydes (benzaldehyde, anisaldehyde, or furfural) using a solid acid (Amberlyst-15) catalyst. The acetals show promising antioxidant activity using the DPPH test with the glycerol/anisaldehyde acetal showing the best antioxidant properties, attributed to the additional radical stabilization by the electron-releasing methoxy group. The acetals formed have a wide range of potential industrial applications particularly enabling integration of the biodiesel manufacturing chain.
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16

Kong, Xianqi, and T. Bruce Grindley. "Control of regioselectivity in reactions of dialkylstannylene acetals. Part I. A dramatic reversal of regioselectivity in mono-p-toluenesulfonation reactions." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 12 (1994): 2396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v94-306.

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The regioselectivities of p-toluenesulfonation reactions of dialkylstannylene acetals obtained from a number of carbohydrate-derived terminal 1,2-diols in the absence of added nucleophiles have been explored as functions of the carbohydrate structure, the nature of the alkyl group on tin, the solvent, and the reaction temperature. Virtually all dibutylstannylene acetals react preferentially on the primary oxygen atom, sometimes with excellent regioselectivity. Increasing the steric bulk of the alkyl substituents on tin increases the preference for reaction at the secondary oxygen atom, but at
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17

N., Mathiyalagan. "Correlation analysis in the study of oxidation kinetics of aromatic acetals with N-bromosuccinimide in acetonitrile medium." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 88, Jun 2011 (2011): 865–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5770261.

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Department of Chemistry, St. Joseph&#39;s College, Tiruchirappalli-620 002, Tamilnadu, India <em>E-mail</em> : sjcmathi@yahoo.co.uk <em>Manuscript received 11 February 2010, revised 09 November 2010, accepted 16 November 2010</em> An attempt has been made to correlate the rate constants of substituted acetals with the chemical shift&nbsp;of the benzylic proton of the acetals (log k<sub>2</sub> vs &delta;). This correlation is similar to that of which is obtained betneen &sigma; vs &delta;. The benzylic proton chemical shift in acetals is found to be the characteristics of acetals. The benzylic
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18

Ekler, Zsigmond, and Ferenc Dutka. "Chemical Reactivity and Safener Activity of Acetal Compounds." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 46, no. 9-10 (1991): 810–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1991-9-1015.

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Abstract Although detailed examinations have been published on structure-activity relationships of herbicide safeners, only a few data are available on chemical reactivity-safener activity relationships. Chemical reactivity of acetamide type compounds as well as their safener activity against thiocarbamate herbicides change with the number of chlorine substituents in the order: non-chlorinated &lt; monochloro &lt; dichloro. Several compounds of another chemical group, acetals (e.g. MG-191, 2-dichloromethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane), are also effective safeners for thiocarbamate herbicides. Accor
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19

Al-Mughaid, Hussein, and T. Bruce Grindley. "Selective chemistry of tripentaerythritol — Synthesis of acetals and their derivatives." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 84, no. 4 (2006): 516–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v06-034.

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Tripentaerythritol was converted efficiently into 2′,2′′:6′,6′′:10′,10′′-tri-O-cyclohexylidene-2,2,6,6,10,10-hexakis(hydroxymethyl)-4,8-dioxa-1,11-undecandiol (4) by the toluenesulfonic acid catalysed reaction with cyclohexanone in a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide and benzene. Reaction of tripentaerythritol with benzaldehyde under similar conditions gave an easily separated mixture of the four possible stereoisomers. Structures of these stereoisomers were assigned based on 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts using trends previously observed for the dibenzylidene acetals of dipentaerythritol, whos
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20

Yang, Shui Jin, Yong Kui Huang, and Li Yu. "Catalytic Application of H4SiW12O40/SiO2 in Synthesis of Acetals and Ketals." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 2374–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.2374.

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A novel catalyst, H4SiW12O40/SiO2was synthesized by a sol-gel technique, and characterized by FT-IR and XRD. Catalytic application of H4SiW12O40/SiO2for synthesis of acetals and ketals were tested. The variation of different reaction parameters, such as mole ratio of aldehyde/ketone to alcohols, catalyst dosage and reaction time on the yield of acetals and ketals were also studied. The results reveal that the H4SiW12O40/SiO2catalysis generally results in good yields of acetals and ketals under mild reaction conditions and the high activity and stability of the catalyst is well retained on recy
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21

Yang, Shui Jin, Li Yu, Yong Kui Huang, and Guo Bin Duan. "Synthesis of Acetals and Ketals Catalyzed by H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.289.

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Heterogeneous acid catalyst, H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2 was synthesized by a sol-gel technique. Catalytic application of the catalyst for synthesis of acetals and ketals were tested. The variation of different reaction parameters on the yield of acetals and ketals were also studied. The yields of acetals and ketals can reach 80.0%~96.9% at the optimized conditions. The high activity and stability of the catalyst is well retained after 4 runs. The results reveal that the H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2 catalysis is a novel, effective and reusable catalyst for synthesizing actetals and ketals.
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22

Guindon, Yvan, Yves Girard, Sylvie Berthiaume, Vida Gorys, René Lemieux, and Christiane Yoakim. "Dialkyl and diaryl boron halides: reductive opening of benzylidene acetals." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 6 (1990): 897–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-141.

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Dimethylboron bromide or diphenylboron bromide can be used in combination with borane to achieve the regiocontrolled conversion of benzylidene acetals to their corresponding hydroxy benzyl ethers with moderate to high yields. Keywords: dimethylboron bromide, diphenylboron bromide, reductive opening, benzylidene, acetals.
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23

Ma, Xiao-Yan, Fu-Qiang Shao, Xinjun Hu, and Xingyong Liu. "Progress in the Synthesis of N-Acyl-N,O-acetals." Synthesis 54, no. 05 (2021): 1203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1684-0772.

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Abstract N-Acyl-N,O-acetals are key components in a variety of bioactive natural products. Furthermore, they are synthetic equivalents of unstable N-acylimines and building blocks in organic synthesis. Tremendous efforts have been made in the synthesis of such acetals, these methods can be broadly classified into two categories: electrochemical oxidation and chemical methods. Herein, we will summarize progress in the preparation of these subunits, which may aid the development of new synthetic methods for N-acyl-N,O-acetals.1 Introduction2 Synthetic Methods for Preparing N-Acyl-N,O-acetals2.1
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24

Gharib, Ali, Manouchehr Jahangir, Mina Roshani, et al. "Catalytic synthesis of warfarin acetals by using different heteropolyacid catalysts." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 13, no. 3 (2011): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-011-0029-2.

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Catalytic synthesis of warfarin acetals by using different heteropolyacid catalysts In this research, we report on the synthesis of warfarin acetals by using Preyssler's anion, [NaP5W30O110]-14 and heteropolyacids (HPAs) catalysts. This reaction was performed using methanol and ethanol at reflux temperature conditions. Under these conditions we have excellent yields and high selectivity. Preyssler heteropolyacid catalyst were easily recycled recovery and reused without the loss of its catalytic activities. The synthesis of warfarin acetals has been achieved using the catalytic amounts of green
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25

Zhang, Ming, Sicong Lu, Guofeng Li, and Liang Hong. "TMSCl-Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of Dihydroisobenzofuran Acetals with Indoles." Catalysts 10, no. 4 (2020): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10040392.

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A TMSCl-catalyzed tandem reaction of dihydroisobenzofuran acetals with indoles has been developped, which could provide an efficient and straightforward access to various tetrahydroisoquinolones in moderate to excellent yields. This process involved the first addition of the indoles to acetals, followed by skeletal rearrangement.
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26

Kong, Xianqi, and T. Bruce Grindley. "Control of regioselectivity in reactions of dialkylstannylene acetals. Part II. NMR results and mechanistic analysis." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 12 (1994): 2405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v94-307.

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The 119Sn NMR spectra of dialkylstannylene acetals derived from a number of carbohydrate-based terminal 1,2-diols have been recorded. The spectra of chloroform-d solutions at room temperature of most of these dialkylstannylene acetals were consistent with the presence of single symmetric dimers only although some did contain small proportions of higher oligomers. A general mechanistic scheme is presented that explains the regioselectivity of p-toluenesulfonation reactions of dialkylstannylene acetals presented in the preceding paper. In the scheme, the reaction intermediates are the dialkylsta
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27

Al-Mughaid, Hussein, T. Bruce Grindley, Katherine N. Robertson, and T. Stanley Cameron. "New potential dendritic cores: Selective chemistry of dipentaerythritol." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 81, no. 6 (2003): 505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v03-006.

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Methods were developed to convert dipentaerythritol efficiently into di-O-benzylidene, di-O-cyclohexylidene, di-O-1-ethylpropylidene, and di-O-methylene diacetals. The known di-O-benzylidene acetal, considered to be a single isomer, was shown to be close to a statistical mixture of the cis,cis-, cis,trans-, and trans,trans-isomers. Structures were established by a combination of NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Reaction of the di-O-benzylidene acetals with benzyl chloride and potassium hydroxide surprisingly gave good to excellent yields of the monobenzyl ethers. An explanation for
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28

Mathews, Annie, E. R. Anabha, and C. G. Sholly. "A Facile Method for the Synthesis of Oxoketene-N,S- and -N,N-acetals from Reactions of Amino Compounds." Organic Chemistry International 2010 (November 28, 2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/396020.

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2-Aroyl-3,3-bis(alkylsulfanyl)acrylaldehydes reacted with various primary amines, namely, o-phenylenediamine, ethylenediamine, and anilines to produce functionalized oxoketene-N,S-acetals and N,N-acetals in good yields. Imidazolo derivatives synthesized with o-phenylenediamine and ethylenediamine containing a formyl group could act as valuable starting materials for a variety of substituted heterocyclic compounds.
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29

Golovash, Sofia R., Dmitry E. Ivanov, Alexey V. Borodachev, Sergey V. Simonov, Maxim E. Dmitriev, and Valery Vladimirovich Ragulin. "Acetals in amidoalkylation of phosphonous carboxylic acids." Mendeleev Communications 35, no. 3 (2025): 266–68. https://doi.org/10.71267/mencom.7650.

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The use of free phosphonous carboxylic diacids in three-component carbamate version of the Kabachnik--Fields reaction in acetyl chloride medium allows introducing acetals into the reaction sphere to result in phosphinic peptides. The employment of low-stable and functionally substituted aldehydes in the form of acetals provides phosphinic peptides that are difficult to obtain by other methods.
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30

Tajbakhsh, Mahmood, Iraj Mohammadpoor-Baltork, and Farhad Ramzanian-Lehmali. "Benzyltriphenylphosphonium Peroxodisulfate: A Mild and Inexpensive Reagent for Selective Oxidative Deprotection of Trimethylsilyl and Tetrahydropyranyl Ethers, Ethylene Acetals and Ketals under Non-Aqueous and Aprotic Conditions." Journal of Chemical Research 2001, no. 5 (2001): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823401103169577.

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Benzyltriphenylphosphonium peroxodisulfate has been found to be an effective reagent for the oxidative deprotection of trimethylsilyl (TMS) and tetrahydropyranyl (THP) ethers, ethylene acetals and ketals to their corresponding carbonyl compounds in excellent yields. Selective oxidative deprotection of TMS ethers in the presence of THP ethers and ethylene acetals (ketals) makes this method a useful and practical procedure in organic synthesis.
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31

Grindley, T. Bruce, and Rasiah Thangarasa. "The structures and reactions of stannylene acetals from carbohydrate-derived trans-diols. Part I. In the absence of added nucleophiles." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 7 (1990): 1007–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-158.

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Di-n-butylstannylene acetals of benzyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-α- and -β-D-glucopyranoside and galactopyranoside have been prepared and studied in solution by 1H, 13C, and 119Sn nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The species present in solution have been identified from the 119Sn nmr spectral data, by comparison of the 13C nmr chemical shifts of the stannylene acetals and their precursor diols and also by analysis of the products of reactions performed without added nucleophiles. The orientations of the two substituents on the carbons in the pyranose ring attached to the carbons in the stannyl
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32

Faizullina, L. Kh, and N. P. Akhmetdinova. "CYCLIC ACETALS AND KETALS – VALUABLE PRECURSORS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS." Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN, no. 4 (December 10, 2024): 11–32. https://doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2024-0-4-11-32.

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Acetals and ketals are a latent form of carbonyl compounds and important intermediates in synthetic and carbohydrate chemistry. There is probably not a single scheme for the synthesis of biologically active compounds in which the technique with diol protection of the carbonyl function has not been used at least once. This is due to the convenience of both setting up the protective group and removing it. Classical synthesis involves the addition of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones in slightly acidic or basic solutions. Before the stage of formation of hemiacetals, the reaction is catalyzed by
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33

Terent'ev, Alexander, та Sergey Chodykin. "New transformation of cycloalkanone acetals by peracids α,ω-dicarboxylic acids synthesis". Open Chemistry 3, № 3 (2005): 417–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bf02479272.

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AbstractA new process of oxidation of cycloalkanone acetals under the action of in situ generated performic acid has been found. The main products of the reaction are α, ω-dicarboxylic acids obtained with the yield up to 77% depending on the size of acetals ring. The process has been explored and optimized on the example of the dodecanedioic acid synthesis (a valuable industrial product).
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34

Včelák, Jaroslav, Miroslava Klímová, and Václav Chvalovský. "Catalysed liquid phase oxidation of acetals by molecular oxygen." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 4 (1986): 847–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19860847.

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Nine different acetals have been oxidized in the presence of Co(OOCCH3)2.4 H2O under isobaric conditions (0.1 - 0.2 MPa O2 while following the uptake of molecular oxygen. The reactivity of acetals was expressed by the rate constants of the autocatalytic model of oxidation. The main products of the oxidation are alcohols, esters and acids. The distribution of products and the total reactivity of acetals are controlled by the structure of both parts of acetal molecule. The dominant effect on the course of the reaction exerts the type of carbon atoms on which radicals are formed. The oxidation is
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35

Couture, Philippe, Manal El-Saidi, and John Warkentin. "Ketene acetals from thermolysis of aryloxy methoxy oxadiazolines. Evidence for carbonyl ylide intermediates." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 75, no. 3 (1997): 326–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-037.

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Thermolysis of oxadiazolines (5) in benzene at 110 °C leads to ketene acetals (11) as minor products. Carbonyl ylide intermediates (6), and oxiranes (7), presumably in equilibrium with those ylides, are implicated as unstable precursors of the ketene acetals although none of the oxiranes (carbonyl protected α-lactones) were isolable and only one of the ketene acetals was isolable in pure form. The evidence points to the two-step sequence of thermolysis of oxadiazolines, namely, initial cycloreversion to N2 and carbonyl ylide (6), rather than concerted fragmentation to N2, acetone, and carbene
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36

Stalling, Timo, Fabian Brockmeyer, Denis Kröger, Almuth Schwäblein, and Jürgen Martens. "2,5-Dihydro-1,3-thiazoles as Scaffolds in the Synthesis of O,N-Diacyl O,N-Acetals in a One-pot Reaction." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 67, no. 10 (2012): 1045–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znb.2012-0146.

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The Asinger reaction is a very powerful tool to form 2,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazoles in high yields. Treating these heterocyclic imines with acid chlorides followed by adding sodium carboxylates led to a large number of new O,N-diacyl O,N-acetals. Using chiral starting materials, a high diastereoselectivity was observed in several cases. X-Ray structures document the constitution and clarify the relative configuration of the prepared O,N-diacyl O,N-acetals.
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37

Yuan, Shaoren, Gabriel Guerra Faura, Hailey E. Areheart, Natalie E. Peulen, and Stefan France. "Lewis Acid-Catalyzed 2,3-Dihydrofuran Acetal Ring-Opening Benzannulations toward Functionalized 1-Hydroxycarbazoles." Molecules 27, no. 23 (2022): 8344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238344.

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The development of a Lewis acid-catalyzed, intramolecular ring-opening benzannulation of 5-(indolyl)2,3-dihydrofuran acetals is described. The resulting 1-hydroxycarbazole-2-carboxylates are formed in up to 90% yield in 1 h. The dihydrofuran acetals are readily accessed from the reactions of enol ethers and α-diazo-β-indolyl-β-ketoesters. To highlight the method’s synthetic utility, a formal total synthesis of murrayafoline A, a bioactive carbazole-containing natural product, was undertaken.
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38

Jabba, Sairam V., Alexandra N. Diaz, Hanno C. Erythropel, Julie B. Zimmerman, and Sven-Eric Jordt. "Chemical Adducts of Reactive Flavor Aldehydes Formed in E-Cigarette Liquids Are Cytotoxic and Inhibit Mitochondrial Function in Respiratory Epithelial Cells." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, Supplement_1 (2020): S25—S34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaa185.

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Abstract Introduction Flavor aldehydes in e-cigarettes, including vanillin, ethyl vanillin (vanilla), and benzaldehyde (berry/fruit), rapidly undergo chemical reactions with the e-liquid solvents, propylene glycol, and vegetable glycerol (PG/VG), to form chemical adducts named flavor aldehyde PG/VG acetals that can efficiently transfer to e-cigarette aerosol. The objective of this study was to compare the cytotoxic and metabolic toxic effects of acetals and their parent aldehydes in respiratory epithelial cells. Aims and Methods Cell metabolic assays were carried out in bronchial (BEAS-2B) and
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39

Mensah, Enoch A., Shawn D. Green, Jesse West, Tyler Kindoll, and Brenda Lazaro-Martinez. "Formation of Acetals and Ketals from Carbonyl Compounds: A New and Highly Efficient Method Inspired by Cationic Palladium." Synlett 30, no. 15 (2019): 1810–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690497.

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The development of a new, highly efficient, and simple method for masking carbonyl groups as acetals and ketals is described. This methodology relies on the nature of the palladium catalyst to direct the acetalization/ketalization reaction. This new protocol is mild and proceed with a very low catalyst loading at ambient temperatures. The method has been extended to a wide variety of different carbonyl compounds with various steric encumbrances to form the corresponding acetals and ketals in excellent yields.
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40

Guthrie, J. Peter, Roger T. Gallant, and Michael C. Jennings. "Preparation and characterization of bicyclic amide acetals and monothioacetals." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 82, no. 2 (2004): 268–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v03-204.

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We have prepared and characterized new examples of 5-substituted-1-aza-4,6-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanes (bicyclic amide acetals) and examples of the new heterocyclic system, 5-substituted-1-aza-4-oxa-6-thiabicyclo[3.3.0]octanes (bicyclic amide monothioacetals). Detailed analysis of NMR coupling constants and X-ray structure determination for an example of each class of compound established the stereochemistry and conformation of these ring systems.Key words: bicyclic amide acetals, preparation, coupling constants, X-ray structure.
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41

Vasu, A. Edwin, K. Joseph Santhanaraj, and S. Raja. "Reactions of Chlorine Gas on Benzaldehyde-di-n-alkyl Acetals." E-Journal of Chemistry 5, no. 2 (2008): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/178560.

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Reactions of chlorine gas on six aromatic acetals, the benzaldehyde di-n-alkyl acetals, C6H4-CH(OR)2where R=ethyl (1a),n-propyl (2a),n-butyl (3a), isobutyl (4a),n-amyl (5a) and isoamyl (6a) were studied. The products were analyzed by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques and were found to be ring chlorinated alkyl benzoates. A plausible mechanism has been proposed based on the experimental observations and the effect of the alkyl groups on the product yield.
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42

Ismailov, Valekh M., Niftaly N. Yusubov, Nurlana D. Sadykhova, Gezal G. Ibragimova, and Iskander A. Mamedov. "ALKYLATION OF TRIETHYL ESTER OF PHOSPHONOACETIC ACID AND DIETHOXYCYANOMETHYLPHOSPHONATE WITH HALOIDACETALS AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR TRANSFORMATION." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 60, no. 2 (2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.2017602.5410.

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The method was developed for synthesis of hard-to-reach phosphorylated aldehides with hidden carbonyl group. As compounds with active methylene group triethyl ethers of phosfonacetic acid and diethoxycianomethyl phosfonate were used at the condensation with bromo- and chloroacetals to produce the corresponding acetals. It was found that in the mentioned phosphonates the alkylation by haloid acetal occurs exceptionally on the carbon atom of active methylene group, not touching the nitrile and ester groups. The hydrolysis of obtained phosphorylated acetals led to preparation of phosphorylated al
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Macchia, Andrea, Camilla Zaratti, Chiara Biribicchi, Irene Angela Colasanti, Francesca Irene Barbaccia, and Gabriele Favero. "Evaluation of Green Solvents’ Applicability for Chromatic Reintegration of Polychrome Artworks." Heritage 6, no. 3 (2023): 3353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage6030177.

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Organic solvents are commonly used in restoration treatments, including chromatic reintegration on polychrome artworks. They are often toxic, and their vapors have a high impact on the environment and restorers, possibly causing pathological conditions. Therefore, this study aims at defining a new green solvent that can be used for chromatic reintegration, maintaining the volatility and the desired physical–chemical properties. The dispersion forces value (Fd) of ethyl lactate was taken as reference for a comparison with the proposed solvents, since it was found to be the most used solvent for
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Borisova, Yulianna G., Airat I. Musin, Viktor A. Voinov, et al. "ALKALI ALCOHOLYSIS OF 2-PHENYL-gem-DICHLOROCYCLOPROPANE UNDER MICROWAVE RADIATION CONDITIONS." ChemChemTech 67, no. 11 (2024): 15–21. https://doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20246711.7046.

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By alkaline alcoholysis of 2-phenyl-gem-dichlorocyclopropane, α-phenylacrolein acetals were synthesized under microwave irradiation (MWI) conditions: [1-(diethoxymethyl)vinyl]benzene, [1-(di-propyloxymethyl)vinyl]benzene, [1-(di- iso-propyloxymethyl)vinyl]benzene, [1-(dibutoxymethyl)vinyl]benzene, [1-(di-iso-butoxymethyl)-vinyl]benzene, {1-[bis(1-methylbutoxy)methyl]vinyl}benzene, [1-(dially-loxymethyl)vinyl]benzene, 1,1-[(2-phenylprop-1-en-3,3-diyl)bis(oxymethylene)]dibenzene. It was found that microwave radiation reduces the synthesis time by 70%, while the yield is more than 80%, and the se
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Hoshino, Yujiro, Kiyoshi Honda, Kenta Tanaka, et al. "Highly Selective One-Pot Synthesis of Polysubstituted Isoflavanes using Styryl Ethers and Electron-Withdrawing ortho-Quinone Methides Generated In Situ." Synlett 30, no. 02 (2018): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611361.

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A highly selective one-pot synthesis of polysubstituted isoflavanes has been developed. The reaction proceeds through the cycloaddition of methyl styryl ethers, derived from phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetals under acidic conditions, with electron-withdrawing ortho-quinone methides generated in situ. When phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetals were reacted with salicylaldehydes, the reaction proceeded smoothly to afford the corresponding isoflavanes stereoselectively in high yields and with excellent regioselectivities. The present reaction provides versatile access to functionalized isoflavanes
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46

Talukdar, Ranadeep. "Dimethyl sulfoxide as a “methylene” source: Ru(ii) photo-catalysed facile synthesis of acetals from alcohols." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 34 (2019): 13334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj03422f.

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47

Mikhailova, N. N., A. V. Mamlieva, G. A. Teptereva, S. Yu Shavshukova, and S. S. Zlotskii. "Advances and achievements of Academician D.L. Rakhmankulov’s scientific school in the field of applied and oilfield chemistry." Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology 11, no. 1 (2021): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2021-11-1-136-146.

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This paper reviews the achievements of the scientific school of Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Professor of the Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (USPTU) D.L. Rakhmankulov in the field of applied and oilfield chemistry. Having achieved fundamental results during theoretical and experimental research into the structure, properties and mechanisms of transformations of substituted cyclic acetals and heteroanalogues, D.L. Rakhmankulov and his colleagues proposed to apply this knowledge in various sectors of the national economy, in particular, i
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48

Boussonnière, Anne, Romain Bénéteau, Jean-Christophe Rouaud, Carole Despiau, Jacques Lebreton, and Fabrice Dénès. "Chemoselective access to substituted butenolides via a radical cyclization pathway: mechanistic study, limits and application." Pure and Applied Chemistry 88, no. 3 (2016): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-1203.

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AbstractWe developed a new approach to γ-lactols and methylene-γ-lactols based upon the radical cyclization of aluminium acetals obtained by reduction of α-bromoesters with DIBAL-H. The cyclic aluminium acetals resulting from the cyclization process could engage in situ in further functionalization, as illustrated by the Oppenauer-type oxidation to give the corresponding lactones and γ-butenolides. The preparation of butenolides using this strategy compared favourably with the direct, tin-mediated cyclization of α-bromoesters, for which side reactions such as epimerization via [1,5]-HAT proces
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49

Mąkosza, Mieczysław, Małgorzata Bechcicka, and Krzysztof Wojciechowski. "Simple Synthesis of Dimethyl Nitrobenzhydrylphosphonates and Heteroarylnitroarylacetonitriles via Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution (VNS) Reaction." Synthesis 53, no. 01 (2020): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707230.

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Acetals of dimethyl phenyl- and heteroaryl-α-hydroxymethanephosphonates were deprotonated to generate carbanions, which enter the vicarious nucleophilic substitution (VNS) of hydrogen in aromatic nitro compounds to form 4-nitrobenzhydrylphosphonates and α-heteroaryl-4-nitrobenzylphosphonates. Similarly acetals of cyano­hydrins of heteroaromatic aldehydes (furfural and 2-formylthiophene) react to form heteroaryl 4-nitroarylacetonitriles. The anion of the hemiacetal of acetaldehyde is an efficient leaving group in the base-induced β-elimination step – the crucial step in the VNS reaction. The re
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Rokkam, Siva Kumar, Manohar Bhujel, Dolly Jain, et al. "Synthesis of novel pyrazole acetals of andrographolide and isoandrographolide as potent anticancer agents." RSC Advances 14, no. 36 (2024): 26625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ra00547c.

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