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Journal articles on the topic 'Acid Derivatives'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Engesser, Tobias, and Reinhard Brückner. "Stereoselective Aldol Additions of Glycolic Acid and Its Derivatives." Synthesis 51, no. 08 (2019): 1715–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611721.

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This review gives a comprehensive overview of aldol additions of glycolic acid derivatives to achiral aldehydes and acetals affording α,β-dihydroxycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof. The focus is on simple diastereoselectivity. A selection of related aldol additions is also presented: aldol additions of glycolic acid derivatives to ketones with two different substituents and aldol additions of α-substituted glycolic acid derivatives.1 Introduction1.1 Organization of this Review1.2 Outside the Scope of this Review: Aldol Additions Giving α,β-Dihydroxyaldehydes and α,β-Dihydroxyketones Dias

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2

Arsianti, Ade, Chie Aoki Utsubo, Fadilah Fadilah, et al. "SYNTHESIS AND ANTI-HEPATITIS C VIRUS ACTIVITY OF GALLIC ACID DERIVATIVES WITH CHIRAL CENTER." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 7 (2017): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i7.18162.

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Objective: In this work, we aim to synthesize gallic acid derivatives with chiral center and to evaluate its anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) activity.Methods: Synthesis of the target derivatives was started from esterification of commercially available boc deprotection (Boc)-L-threonine with allyl bromide, followed by Boc with HCl/EtOAc, amidation, and Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation with (DHQ)2PHAL or (DHQD)2PHAL as a ligand to give desired gallic acid derivatives. The synthesized gallic acid derivatives were then evaluated for anti-HCV activity and cytotoxicity.Results: The target der

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3

Easton, CJ, and SC Peters. "Synthesis of Novel Cross-Linked Amino Acid Derivatives." Australian Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 1 (1990): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9900087.

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Reactions of the derivatives of cysteine (6), serine (7) and lysine (8a), with the bromide (1), afforded the corresponding cross-linked amino acid derivatives (11), (12) and (13). Of the linked species (11)-(13), the cysteine derivative (11) was found to be the most stable under a variety of conditions. A mixture of the cross-linked serine derivative (12) and the cysteine derivative (6) in chloroform containing triethylamine reacted to give the cross-linked cysteine derivative (11) and the serine derivative (7). Similarly, a mixture of (13) and (6) in chloroform reacted to give (11).

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4

More, Paresh S., and Santosh G. Singh. "Synthesis and Characterization of Ester Derivatives of Stilbene Derived from Acid Derivative (of P-Chloro Phenyl Acetic Acid, Substitute Benzaldehyde, Triethyl Amine) with Methanol and Sulphuric Acid." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 47 (February 2015): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.47.49.

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Two stilbene derivatives have been synthesized in two step process. First step involved synthesis of acid derivative from p-chloro phenyl acetic acid, substituted benzaldehyde and triethyl amine, where as the second step involved synthesis of substituted stilbene derivatives (enoate or esters) through very simple route. These derivatives were characterized by various spectral techniques and were screened for their antimicrobial activities.

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5

More, Paresh S., and Santosh G. Singh. "Synthesis and Characterization of Ester Derivatives of Stilbene Derived from Acid Derivative (of P-Chloro Phenyl Acetic Acid, Substitute Benzaldehyde, Triethyl Amine) with Methanol and Sulphuric Acid." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 47 (February 24, 2015): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-7bsx45.

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Two stilbene derivatives have been synthesized in two step process. First step involved synthesis of acid derivative from p-chloro phenyl acetic acid, substituted benzaldehyde and triethyl amine, where as the second step involved synthesis of substituted stilbene derivatives (enoate or esters) through very simple route. These derivatives were characterized by various spectral techniques and were screened for their antimicrobial activities.

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6

Burgess, VA, та CJ Easton. "Reaction of N-Benzoyl-2-bromoglycine Methyl Ester With Deprotonated Nitroalkanes: Synthesis of β-Nitro and α,β-Dehydro Amino Acid Derivatives". Australian Journal of Chemistry 41, № 7 (1988): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9881063.

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N-Benzoyl-2-bromoglycine methyl ester (1) reacted with the alkyl nitronates (2a-e) to give the corresponding β-nitro amino acid derivatives (4a-e). Elimination reactions of (4a-d) afforded the α,β-dehydro amino acid derivatives (5a-d). Treatment of the β- nitrovaline derivative (4b) with tributyltin hydride gave the valine derivative (8). Reduction of the β- nitroalanine derivative (4a) gave the β- aminoalanine derivative (9), characterized by hydrolysis to 2,3- diaminopropionic acid hydrochloride.

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7

Khalifa, Nagy M., Ahmed M. Naglah, Mohamed A. Al-Omar, Mohamed H. Abo-Ghalia, and Abd El-Galil E. Amr. "Synthesis and Reactions of New Chiral Linear Carboxamides with an Incorporated Peptide Linkage Using Nalidixic Acid and Amino Acids as Starting Materials." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 69, no. 3 (2014): 351–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znb.2014-3282.

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4bA series of chiral linear carboxamide derivatives (2- 15) with an incorporated peptide linkage have been prepared via the coupling of 1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-7-methyl-4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (nalidixic acid, 1) with appropriate amino acid methyl esters. Coupling of 1 with amino acid methyl esters gave the corresponding peptide methyl esters 2, which were hydrolyzed with methanolic sodium hydroxide to the corresponding acids 3. Hydrazinolysis of esters 2with hydrazine hydrate afforded the corresponding acid hydrazide derivatives 4. The latter compounds were coupled with appropriate alde

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8

Neves, Ana Rita, Fernando Durães, Joana Freitas-Silva, et al. "Derivatives of Trimethoxybenzoic Acid and Gallic Acid as Potential Efflux Pump Inhibitors: In Silico and In Vitro Studies." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22 (2022): 14468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214468.

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The overexpression of efflux pumps is one of the strategies used by bacteria to resist antibiotics and could be targeted to circumvent the antibiotic crisis. In this work, a series of trimethoxybenzoic acid derivatives previously described as antifouling compounds was explored for potential antimicrobial activity and efflux pump (EP) inhibition. First, docking studies on the acridine resistance proteins A and B coupled to the outer membrane channel TolC (AcrAB-TolC) efflux system and a homology model of the quinolone resistance protein NorA EP were performed on 11 potential bioactive trimethox

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9

Mardjan, Muhammad Idham Darussalam, Retno Ambarwati, Sabirin Matsjeh, Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih, and Winarto Haryadi. "SYNTHESIS OF FLAVANONE-6-CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVES FROM SALICYLIC ACID DERIVATIVE." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 12, no. 1 (2012): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21374.

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Synthesis of flavanone-6-carboxylic acid derivatives had been conducted via the route of chalcone. The synthesis was carried out from salicylic acid derivative, i.e. 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, via esterification, Fries rearrangement, Claisen-Schmidt condensation and 1,4-nucleophilic addition reactions. Structure elucidation of products was performed using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, GC-MS and UV-Vis spectrometers. Reaction of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with methanol catalyzed with sulfuric acid produced methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate in 87% yield. The acid-catalyzed-acetylation of the product using acetic anhydride gave

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10

El-Essawy, Farag A., Wael A. El-Sayed, Sherif A. El-Kafrawy, Asmaa S. Morshedy, and Adel-H. Abdel-Rahman. "Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Activity of New 1,2,4-Triazol-2-yl- and 1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl-2-pyridinone Derivatives." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 63, no. 9-10 (2008): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2008-9-1010.

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A number of 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 3 - 9, and 1,2,4-triazole derivatives, 13 - 15, were synthesized starting form the acid hydrazide 1. The 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative 12 was prepared from the substituted phenylthiosemicarbazide derivative 11 by treatment with sulfuric acid. The aryl hydrazone derivatives 10a - c were synthesized by reaction of the hydrazide 1 with the corresponding ketones. The thioalkyl derivatives 16a - e were prepared by akylation of the thiol derivatives 3 and 13 with different alkylating agents. The newly synthesized compounds were tested for their anti-HBV activity and some

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11

Tori, Motoo, Masakazu Sono, Keiko Takikawa, et al. "Oxidation Reactions of Marchantin A Trimethyl Ether and Some Aromatic Compounds using m-Chloroperbenzoic Acid. Formation of Muconic Acid Ester and m-Chlorobenzoate." Journal of Chemical Research 23, no. 8 (1999): 470–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/174751989902300808.

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On treatment with m-chloroperbenzoic acid, dihydroeugenol methyl ether and marchantin A trimethyl ether afford muconic acid ester derivatives by oxidation of the aromatic ring as well as hydroxylated derivatives; the m-chlorobenzoate of the dihydroeugenol derivative is also observed for the former.

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12

Kumar, Dileep, та Mihalj Poša. "Compression Isotherms of Monomolecular Films of 7β-alkyl Cholic Acid Derivatives on an Acidic Aqueous Substrate and Their Interactions with Lecithin Reveal the Conformations of the Alkyl Chain and Steroid Skeleton". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, № 12 (2025): 5760. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26125760.

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This study analyzed the compression isotherms of 7β-alkyl cholic acid derivatives and compared them to those of cholic and deoxycholic acids to elucidate their orientation and molecular interactions (acidic aqueous substrate—pH 2; NaCl concentration—3 M; temperature—T = 298.15 K). It was found that the compression isotherm of the 7β-octyl derivative of cholic acid in the monomolecular layer is most similar to the compression isotherm of deoxycholic acid. In 7β-alkyl derivatives of cholic acid, the hydrophobic interaction energy in their aggregates from a monomolecular film increased with the l

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13

Persson, T., A. B. Hörnfeldt, S. Gronowitz та N. G. Johansson. "Synthesis of Mimics to 5-(2″-thienyl)-2′,3′-β-Dideoxyuridine Triphosphate". Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy 7, № 2 (1996): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095632029600700207.

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A series of 5′-amido derivatives of 5-(2″-thienyl)-2′,3′,5′-β-trideoxyuridine were prepared. The compounds were tested for their inhibition of cellular DNA polymerase α and α HIV-RT. The succinic fumaric and maleic acid derivatives of 5-(2″-thienyl)-2′,3′,5′-β-trideoxyuridine were investigated. None of the compounds inhibited HIV-RT. The fumaric acid derivative inhibited DNA pol α with IC50 33 μg ml−1. The succinic acid derivative was about half as active with IC50 76 μg ml−1. The 5′-N-acyl derivatives also were structurally compared to the monomethyl ester of the triphosphate using the Sybyl

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14

Tsevegsuren, N., P. Proksch, Y. Wang, and G. Davaakhuu. "Bioactive phenolic acids from Scorzonera radiata Fisch." Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 12 (September 24, 2014): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v12i0.177.

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Chromatographic separation of the crude extract obtained from the aerial parts of the Mongolian medicinal plant Scorzonera radiata yielded five new dihydrostilbenes [4], two new flavonoids, one new quinic acid derivative, as well as twenty known compounds including eight quinic acid derivatives, four flavonoids, two coumarins, five simple benzoic acids, and one monoterpene glycoside. We present here results on isolation and structural identification some active phenolic compounds from the Scorzonera radiata - eight quinic acid derivatives (quinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoyl

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15

Chen, Huan, Jing Li, Tianhui Ren, Lei Zheng, and Yidong Zhao. "Tribological behaviors of three novel imidazoline-type thiadiazole derivatives as multifunctional lubricant additives in biodegradable lithium grease." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 226, no. 8 (2012): 668–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650112439808.

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Three novel imidazoline-type thiadiazole derivatives are prepared and used as antiwear and extreme-pressure additives in biodegradable lithium grease, and their tribological performances are evaluated using a four-ball tester. Tribological tests show that all derivatives are effective in reducing wear, especially at lower additive concentrations. Oleic acid-imidazoline-type thiadiazole derivative is a preferred additive to reduce wear. For the friction-reducing property of base grease, improvements after using these derivatives are not remarkable. On the other hand, these derivatives are also

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16

M.A., EI-Sekily, E. Elba M., and S. Fouad F. "Some heterocycles from dehydro-L-ascorbic acid and dehydro-D-isoascorbic acid." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 77, Mar 2000 (2000): 168–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5867557.

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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria, Egypt Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Damanhour, Alexandria University, Egypt <em>Manuscript received 5 January 1999, revised 7 September 1999, accepted 13 September 1999</em> Reaction of D-<em>erythro</em>-2,3-hexodiulosono-1,4-lactone-2-phenylhydrazone 1 with <em>p</em>-sulfamylphenylhydrazine gives the 3-<em>p</em>sulfamylphenylhydrazone 2, which upon treatment with hydrazine hydrate or CuCl<sub>2</sub> affords pyrazolinedione 4 or 3,6-anhydro derivative 6, respectively. Condensation of the aldehyde 8 w

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17

Stanetty, Christian, Andrea Wolkerstorfer, Hassan Amer, et al. "Synthesis and antiviral activities of spacer-linked 1-thioglucuronide analogues of glycyrrhizin." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 8 (May 8, 2012): 705–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.8.79.

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The influenza virus infection remains a significant threat to public health and the increase of antiviral resistance to available drugs generates an urgent need for new antiviral compounds. Starting from the natural, antivirally active compound glycyrrhizin, spacer-bridged derivatives were generated with improved antiviral activity against the influenza A virus infection. Simplified analogues of the triterpene saponin glycyrrhizin containing 1-thio-β-D-glucuronic acid residues have been prepared in good yields by alkylation of 3-amino and 3-thio derivatives of glycyrrhetinic acid with a 2-iodo

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18

Seixas, Nalin, Ionara I. Dalcol, Bruno Ravanello, et al. "Evaluation of Acetylcholinesterase and Prolyl Oligopeptidase Inhibition of Novel Amino acid-functionalized Stigmasterol and Ursolic Acid Derivatives." Current Organic Chemistry 23, no. 19 (2019): 2131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272823666191014154939.

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Triterpenes and phytosterols are classes of natural compounds widespread in plants possessing a great number of pharmacological activities. In our continued search for new compounds from natural sources with pharmacological potential, we prepared a series of novel stigmasterol and ursolic acid (UA) derivatives by coupling with L-proline, L-cysteine and L-glutamic acid. Unlike stigmasterol, the eight derivatives obtained showed good inhibitory capacity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or prolyl oligopeptidase (POP). Among these derivatives, we highlight 3 and 5 with IC50 values of 99.0 &

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19

Smolobochkin, Andrey V., Almir S. Gazizov, Rakhymzhan A. Turmanov, Dinara S. Abdullaeva, Alexander R. Burilov, and Michail A. Pudovik. "N-Phosphorylated Pyrrolidines: An Overview of Synthetic Approaches." Synthesis 52, no. 15 (2020): 2162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690889.

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Organophosphorus pyrrolidine derivatives possessing P–N bonds are a promising yet underexplored class of compounds. In this short review we overview the general approaches to these compounds described so far, with a special emphasis on their asymmetric synthesis.1 Introduction2 Synthesis of Pyrrolidine-Based P(III) Derivatives3 Synthesis of Pyrrolidine-Based P(V) Derivatives3.1 Phosphorylation of Pyrrolidines with P(V) Acid Chlorides3.2 Phosphorylation of Pyrrolidines with P(V) Acid Esters3.3 Syntheses via the Atherton–Todd Reaction3.4 Oxidation of Pyrrolidine-Based P(III) Derivatives4 Synthes

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20

Li, Yawen, Ming-Kuan Chyan, Donald K. Hamlin, Holly Nguyen, Eva Corey, and D. Scott Wilbur. "Oxidation of p-[125I]Iodobenzoic Acid and p-[211At]Astatobenzoic Acid Derivatives and Evaluation In Vivo." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18 (2022): 10655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810655.

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The alpha particle-emitting radionuclide astatine-211 (211At) is of interest for targeted radiotherapy; however, low in vivo stability of many 211At-labeled cancer-targeting molecules has limited its potential. As an alternative labeling method, we evaluated whether a specific type of astatinated aryl compound that has the At atom in a higher oxidation state might be stable to in vivo deastatination. In the research effort, para-iodobenzoic acid methyl ester and dPEG4-amino acid methyl ester derivatives were prepared as HPLC standards. The corresponding para-stannylbenzoic acid derivatives wer

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21

Spassova, Maria K., Antonín Holý, and Milena Masojídková. "Ribonucleosides of 3-amino- and 3,5-diaminopyrazole-4-carboxylic acid and their open-chain analogues: Synthesis and reactions." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 7 (1986): 1512–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19861512.

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Bis(trimethylsilyl) derivative of ethyl 3-aminopyrazole-4-carboxylate (VI) and tris(trimethylsilyl) derivative of ethyl 3,5-diaminopyrazole-4-carboxylate (VII) on reaction with 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-D-ribofuranolyl chloride and subsequent debenzoylation afforded the respective β-D-ribofuranosyl derivatives VIIIa and Xa. Their alkaline hydrolysis led to 1-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)-3-aminopyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (VIIIc) and 1-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)-3,5-diaminopyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (Xb). The esters VIIIa and Xa were not ammonolyzed under normal conditions. Contrary to nucleosidation of the silyl der

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22

Sabzi, Noor Ali Hussein, and May Mohammed Jawad Al-Mudhafar. "Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial evaluation of new Schiff bases derived from vanillic acid conjugated to heterocyclic 4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol." Pharmacia 70, no. 3 (2023): 657–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e104579.

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A multistep synthesis was established for the preparation of a new vanillic acid-1, 2, 4-1triazole-3-thiol conjugate (4). Finally, several aromatized aldehydes reacted with compound (4) to produce Schiff bases derivatives (5–11). The purpose of this research is to prepare new vanillic acid derivatives with 1, 2, 4-triazole-3-thiol heterocyclic ring structures and to evaluate their antimicrobial activity in a preliminary assessment. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) were used to verify the structures of the newly synthesized compounds

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23

Berrío Escobar, Jhon Fernando, Victor Hugo Arango Carmona, Elkin Galeano Jaramillo, et al. "Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of tri-acyl ester derivatives of uridine in breast cancer cells." Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet) 57, no. 4 (2016): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/ars.v57i4.5560.

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Aims: Synthesize tri-acyl ester derivatives of uridine, and evaluate its cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells line. Methods: The tri-esterified uridine derivatives were obtained through Steglich esterification reaction by fatty and aromatic acids, and with acetic anhydride. An acetonide derivative from uridine was prepared with acid catalysis. Compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR), and mass spectrometry. Derivatives were assessed in chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Results: Five tri-acyl ester derivatives of uridine

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24

Fiorito, S., F. Epifano, V. A. Taddeo, and S. Genovese. "Oxyprenylated ferulic acid derivatives in Italian citrus liqueurs." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 33, No. 3 (2016): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/524/2014-cjfs.

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25

Anwer, M. S., E. R. O'Maille, A. F. Hofmann, R. A. DiPietro, and E. Michelotti. "Influence of side-chain charge on hepatic transport of bile acids and bile acid analogues." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 249, no. 4 (1985): G479—G488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1985.249.4.g479.

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The importance of side-chain charge on hepatic uptake and biliary secretion of bile acids and analogues was studied using the isolated, perfused rat liver and the anesthetized rat with a bile fistula. Derivatives of cholic acid with negative, neutral, zwitterionic, or positive charges on the side chain were synthesized and studied. Hepatic uptake by the isolated perfused liver, determined by measuring the rate of disappearance of a single 20-mumol bolus added to the perfusate, was strongly influenced by side-chain charge. A fully positively charged bile acid derivative (cholylcholamine) and tw

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26

Saadi, Lina, and Shaimaa Adnan. "Synthesis, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Evaluation of 2-Substituted-4-arylidene-5(4<i>H</i>)-oxazolone Derivatives." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 23, no. 5 (2023): 1463. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.83052.

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In this research, the synthesis of new substituted oxazolone derivatives is described via Erlenmeyer synthesis of N-acyl amino acid. Firstly, the azo derivative 1 was prepared by coupling the diazonium salt of 3-amino-4-methoxybenzoic acid with 4,5-dichloroimidazole in sodium hydroxide solution. Benzoyl chloride derivative 2, the key intermediate of the synthesis, was synthesized by the acylation of azo-carboxylic acid derivative 1 with thionyl chloride. The resulting acyl chloride derivative reacted with glycine in a basic catalyst to form a hippuric acid derivative 3. After that, oxazolone d

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27

Lombrea, Adelina, Alexandra Denisa Scurtu, Stefana Avram, et al. "Anticancer Potential of Betulonic Acid Derivatives." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 7 (2021): 3676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073676.

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Clinical trials have evidenced that several natural compounds, belonging to the phytochemical classes of alkaloids, terpenes, phenols and flavonoids, are effective for the management of various types of cancer. Latest research has proven that natural products and their semisynthetic variants may serve as a starting point for new drug candidates with a diversity of biological and pharmacological activities, designed to improve bioavailability, overcome cellular resistance, and enhance therapeutic efficacy. This review was designed to bring an update regarding the anticancer potential of betulon

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28

Sabzi, Noor Ali Hussein, and May Mohammed Jawad Al-Mudhafar. "Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial evaluation of new Schiff bases derived from vanillic acid conjugated to heterocyclic 4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol." Pharmacia 70, no. (3) (2023): 657–63. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e104579.

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A multistep synthesis was established for the preparation of a new vanillic acid-1, 2, 4-1triazole-3-thiol conjugate (4). Finally, several aromatized aldehydes reacted with compound (4) to produce Schiff bases derivatives (5–11). The purpose of this research is to prepare new vanillic acid derivatives with 1, 2, 4-triazole-3-thiol heterocyclic ring structures and to evaluate their antimicrobial activity in a preliminary assessment. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<sup>1</sup>H-NMR) were used to verify the structures of the newly synthesize

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29

Journal, Baghdad Science. "Synthesis of New Heterocyclic Derivatives from 4-(3, 5-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylazo)- benzoic acid." Baghdad Science Journal 7, no. 1 (2010): 727–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.7.1.727-736.

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In this work pyrazolin derivatives were prepared from the diazonium chloride salt of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Azo compounds were prepared from the reaction of an ethanolic solution of sodium acetate and calculated amount of active methylene compound namely, acetyl acetone to obtain the corresponding hydrazono derivative (1). Cyclocondensation reaction of compounds (1) with hydrazine hydrate and phenyl hydrazine in boiling ethanol affording the corresponding pyrazoline-5-one derivatives of 4-aminobenzoic acid (2,3). Then compound (3) was reacted with thionyl chloride to give the corresponding acid

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30

Quan, Wei-Yan, Song-Zhi Kong, Si-Dong Li та ін. "Grafting of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid and Sialic Acid onto Chitosan to Produce a New Amphipathic Chitosan Derivative: Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity". Molecules 26, № 2 (2021): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020452.

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Chitosan is the only cationic polysaccharide found in nature. It has broad application prospects in biomaterials, but its application is limited due to its poor solubility in water. A novel chitosan derivative was synthesized by amidation of chitosan with 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid and sialic acid. The chitosan derivatives were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and measurement of the zeta potential. We also investigated the solubility, cytotoxicity, and blood compatibility of chitosan derivatives. 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid and sialic acid could be

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31

Prakash, N. S., Devendra Reddy, R. Sundaram, et al. "Identification and quantification of cinnamic acid derivatives in Cichorium intybus seed and its extract by High- Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrophotometry (LC-MS/MS)." Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights I, no. 34 (2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2022-34-1(1).

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A sensitive method coupling high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode –array detector (DAD) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) was optimized for separation, identification, and quantification of cinnamic acid derivatives in Cichorium intybus seed and its extract. Cinnamic acid derivatives such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and Chicoric acid were quantified using respective standards. Apart from 4-o-Caffeoylqunic acid, other cinnamic acid derivative such as 3-o-caffeoylquinic acid was also identified and quantified by UV and MS/MS spectra and calculated as tot

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32

Amr, Abd El-Galil E., Alhussein A. Ibrahimd, Mohamed F. El-Shehry, Hanaa M. Hosni, Ahmed A. Fayed, and Elsayed A. Elsayed. "In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Breast Cancer Activities of Some Newly Synthesized 5-(thiophen-2-yl)thieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one Candidates." Molecules 24, no. 12 (2019): 2255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122255.

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In this study, some of new thiophenyl thienopyrimidinone derivatives 2–15 were prepared and tested as anti-cancer agents by using thiophenyl thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinone derivative 2 as a starting material, which was prepared from cyclization of ethyl ester derivative 1 with formamide. Treatment of 2 with ethyl- chloroacetate gave thienopyrimidinone N-ethylacetate 3, which was reacted with hydrazine hydrate or anthranilic acid to afford acetohydrazide 4 and benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-one 5, respectively. Condensation of 4 with aromatic aldehydes or phenylisothiocyanate yielded Schiff base derivatives

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33

Lundquist, Knut, Jim Parkås, Magnus Paulsson, and Cyril Heitner. "Reactions of lignin chromophores of the enal and enone type with sulfite." BioResources 2, no. 3 (2007): 334–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.2.4.334-350.

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In NaHSO3-solutions of coniferaldehyde and its methyl ether (models for lignin chromophores of the cinnamaldehyde type) a dynamic equilibrium between the aldehydes and their hydrogen sulfite adducts is set up. A comparatively slow addition of hydrogen sulfite to the double bond leading to 1,3-disulfonic acid derivatives occurs; coniferaldehyde reacts slower than its methyl ether. In Na2SO3-solution both aldehydes are rapidly converted to 1,3-disulfonic acid derivatives. The results suggest that in both NaHSO3-solution and Na2SO3-solution the free cinnamaldehydes and sulfite ion are the reactan

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34

Lundquist, Knut, Jim Parkås, Magnus Paulsson, and Cyril Heitner. "Reactions of lignin chromophores of the enal and enone type with sulfite." BioResources 2, no. 3 (2007): 334–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.2.3.334-350.

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In NaHSO3-solutions of coniferaldehyde and its methyl ether (models for lignin chromophores of the cinnamaldehyde type) a dynamic equilibrium between the aldehydes and their hydrogen sulfite adducts is set up. A comparatively slow addition of hydrogen sulfite to the double bond leading to 1,3-disulfonic acid derivatives occurs; coniferaldehyde reacts slower than its methyl ether. In Na2SO3-solution both aldehydes are rapidly converted to 1,3-disulfonic acid derivatives. The results suggest that in both NaHSO3-solution and Na2SO3-solution the free cinnamaldehydes and sulfite ion are the reactan

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35

Mistry, Rakesh N., and K. R. Desai. "Studies on Synthesis of Some Novel Heterocyclic Chalcone, Pyrazoline, Pyrimidine - 2 - One, Pyrimidine - 2 - Thione,para-Acetanilide Sulphonyl and Benzoyl Derivatives and their Antimicrobial Activity." E-Journal of Chemistry 2, no. 1 (2005): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/953107.

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1, 2 - Dichloro benzene on chlorosulphonation by chlorosulphonic acid gives 1, 2 - [dichloro] - benzene sulphonyl chloride which on condensation withp–amino acetophenone gives 1-[acetyl] - 1’ , 2’ - [dichloro] - dibenz sulphonamide derivative. This derivative undergo condensation with 2,4- dichloro benzaldehyde gives 1- [3” - (sub. phenyl) - 2” - propene - 1” - one] - 1’ , 2’ - [dichloro] - dibenz sulphonamide derivative which on reaction with 99% hydrazine hydrate and glacial acetic acid gives 1-[acetyl]-3- [1’ , 2’ - (dichloro) - dibenz sulphonamide] -5 - [2” , 4” - dichloro phenyl] - 2 - py

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36

Neumann, Kerstin, Stefan Kehraus, Michael Gütschow, and Gabriele M. König. "Cytotoxic and HLE-Inhibitory Tetramic Acid Derivatives from Marine-Derived Fungi." Natural Product Communications 4, no. 3 (2009): 1934578X0900400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0900400308.

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Tetramic acid derivatives are an important class of nitrogen heterocycles with a pyrrolidine-2,4-dione core as a key structural motif. From the sponge-derived fungus Beauveria bassiana, a new equisetin-like tetramic acid derivative, beauversetin (1), was isolated. The sea weed-derived fungus Microdiplodia sp. produced the tetramic acid derivative 2 (Sch210972) which was shown to inhibit human leucocyte elastase (HLE) with an IC50 of 1.04 μg mL−1.

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37

TAŞKOR ÖNEL, Gülce. "Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Derived with LGlutamic Acid and L-Aspartic Acid." Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 16, no. 1 (2023): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.1235522.

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Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biocompatible, biodegradable polymer approved by the FDA and EMA, which is the most widely used in the field of health. In this study, PLGA was synthesized primarily from lactide and glycolide by polycondensation and ring-opening polymerization. Then, amino acid derivatives of PLGA were synthesized by the reaction of PLGA and amino acids in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC). The polymers synthesized were PLGA, PLGA-L-glutamic acid (PLGA-G), and PLGA-L-aspartic acid (PLGA-A). The chemical structure of these polymers was

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Kim, Jee Young, Yoga Priastomo, Shintaro Morisada, Hidetaka Kawakita, Keisuke Ohto, and Yang Kim. "Synthesis of a Novel Dibenzylamide Derivative of p-tert-Octylcalix[4]arene and its Extraction Properties Towards Noble Metal Ions." Australian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 5 (2017): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch16180.

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A N,N-dibenzylacetoamide derivative of p-tert-octylcalix[4]arene was synthesised and its solvent extraction of precious metals in nitric acid media was investigated for determining the effects of extractant concentration and contact time as well as nitric acid concentration in comparison with a N,N-diethylacetoamide derivative. The extraction properties with both derivatives exhibited a slight difference. The extraction reaction of divalent palladium with both derivatives is discussed by slope analysis. The stripping behaviour of the extractant loaded with silver and palladium is also describe

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Yadav, Pradeep, and Y. C. Joshi. "Synthesis and Spectral Study of Novel Norfloxacin Derivatives." E-Journal of Chemistry 5, s2 (2008): 1154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/357073.

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Reaction of [1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid (norfloxacin) with thiazole / benzothiazole diazonium chloride to get new piperazine substituted norfloxacin derivative. These norfloxacin derivatives were further condensed with variousβ-diketone to get novel acid derivatives of 1-Ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7- [4 (thiazol-2-yldiazenyl)-piperzin-1-yl]-1,4-dihydro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (6a-e) and 7-(4-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yldiazenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1, 4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (6 f-j). Structures of these compounds were

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40

Kadu, Nilesh S., and Atul V. Ingle. "Three-Dimensional Pharmacophore Modeling of Betulonic Acid Derivatives as a Strong Inhibitor of Human Coronavirus-229E Replication." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 6, no. 2 (2021): 356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20210462.

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These-days, pharmacophore approaches have become one of the foremost tools in drug discovery after the past century’s development. Numerous ligand-based and structure-based strategies are developed for improved pharmacophore modeling with success and extensively applied in virtual screening, de novo design and lead improvement. Till now, there is little information on 3D-pharmacophore studies of 1,2,3-triazolo-fused betulonic acid derivatives as a strong inhibitor for human coronavirus-229E replication. Here, we tend to report the appliance of pharmacophore modeling for betulonic acid derivati

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41

Swelam, Samira, Abd El-Salam, and Magdi Zaki. "Synthesis of some pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines and their fused triazole and tetrazole derivatives." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 64, no. 11 (1999): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc9911655s.

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Reaction of 2 with different reagents, namely formic acid, acetic anhydride and trichloroacetonitrile, yielded pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives 3, 5 and 6, respectively. Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine m-thiazine(7) and 2,4-(1H,3H)dithione (8) derivatives were formed by the action of carbon disulfide on 2, depending on the reaction medium. Interaction of 7 with hydrazine hydrate yielded the aminoimino derivative 9 which reacted with acetic anhydride, triethyl orthoacetate and/or appropriate aldehydes to give 11, 12 and 13a,b, respectively. Methylation of compound 8 gave 14, which reacted with h

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42

Braja, Gopal Bag, and Majumdar Rakhi. "Self-assembly of arjunolic acid derivatives." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 90, Oct 2013 (2013): 1821–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5792058.

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Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore-721 102, West Bengal, India <em>E-mail </em>: braja@mail.vidyasagar. ac.in <em>Manuscript received 08 August 2013, accepted 09 August 2013</em> Arjunolic acid, a nano-sized triterpenoid, is extractable from the saw-dust of <em>\(Terminalia\) \(arjuna\)</em>. We have demonstrated that the trihydroxy triterpenic acid can be utilized as a renewable nano entity for supramolecular chemistry and nano-science. The sparingly soluble triterpenoid became more soluble in common organic solvents on transformation to esters o

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43

Radhi Shahood, Anwar, and Zainab Muhsin Bdaiwi. "Synthesis and Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Heterocyclic Derivatives Containing the 1,3,4 Thiadiazole Ring." University of Thi-Qar Journal Of Medicine 28, no. 2 (2024): 259–76. https://doi.org/10.32792/jmed.v28i2.586.

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In this article: A series of new heterocyclic molecules with five and six members were prepared from 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative with a terminal primary amine group and was used to synthesize a Schiff base (6) by interaction with 5-chloro salicylaldehyde and using ethanol as a solvent. After that, it was able to prepare numerous chemical compounds utilizing the Schiff base. Which contains a C=N group with (2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-mercaptobenzoic acid, valine, alanine, and sodium azide) to prepare hydroqinazoline (6a), thiazinone derivative (6b), and imidazolidine derivatives, (6c,6d). TLC foll

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44

Liepa, AJ, AJ Liepa, JS Wilkie, JS Wilkie, KN Winzenberg, and KN Winzenberg. "Preparation of Some 1-Alkyl-4-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-3-hydroxy-5-oxocyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylic Acid Ester and Amide Herbicides by Reductive Alkylation of 3,5-Dimethoxybenzoic Acid." Australian Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 8 (1989): 1217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9891217.

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Reductive alkylation of 3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid with haloalkanes afforded the 1-alkyl- 3,5-dimethoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid derivatives (3a-e) which, upon esterification and hydrolysis, furnished methyl 1-alkyl-3-hydroxy-5-oxocyclohex-3-ene-l-carboxylate derivatives (4f-j). Reaction of (4f-j) with butyric anhydride gave methyl 1-alkyl-4-butyryl- 3-hydroxy-5-oxocyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylate derivatives (6a-e) which were converted into methyl 1-alkyl-4-[1-( ethoxyimino )butyl]-3-hydroxy-5-oxocyclohex-3-ene-1-carbo xyate derivatives (2a-e). Similarly, the oxime O-ether derivative (

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45

Rali, Sibusiso, Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji, Olukayode O. Aremu, Adebola O. Oyedeji, and Benedicta N. Nkeh-Chungag. "Semisynthesis of Derivatives of Oleanolic Acid fromSyzygium aromaticumand Their Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Properties." Mediators of Inflammation 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8401843.

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Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound widely found in plants and well known for its medicinal properties. Oleanolic acid (OA) was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract ofSyzygium aromaticumflower buds. Semisynthesis afforded both acetate and ester derivatives. The derived compounds were monitored with thin layer chromatography and confirmed with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), Fourier infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and melting point (Mp). All these compounds were evaluated for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties at a dose of

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46

Jens, Christian M., Kristina Nowakowski, Jan Scheffczyk, Kai Leonhard, and André Bardow. "CO from CO2 and fluctuating renewable energy via formic-acid derivatives." Green Chemistry 18, no. 20 (2016): 5621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc01202g.

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Hydrogen from excess, fluctuating renewable energy is stored in formic acid derivatives, before continuous reforming to CO. This energy storage and conversion is optimized through the integrated selection of formic-acid derivative, solvent and process employed.

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47

Kolasa, Teodozyj, and Erhard Gross. "Dehydroaspartic acid derivatives*." International Journal of Peptide and Protein Research 20, no. 3 (2009): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3011.1982.tb03056.x.

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48

Gaw, Allan, and James Shepherd. "Fibric acid derivatives." Current Opinion in Lipidology 2, no. 1 (1991): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041433-199102000-00009.

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Tikkanen, Matti J. "Fibric acid derivatives." Current Opinion in Lipidology 3, no. 1 (1992): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041433-199202000-00006.

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50

Shapekova, N. L., and R. Z. Safarov. "In silico analysis of anticancer effects of anabasine derivatives." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. BIOSCIENCE Series 134, no. 1 (2021): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7034-2021-134-1-6-19.

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In the paper a review of using of different derivatives of anabasine is represented. As well results of computer QSAR investigations of N-(anabazinil)-isobutyric acid, N-(anabazinil)- isovaleric acid, N-(anabazinil)-trimethylacetic acid, N-(anabazinil)-crotonic acid, N-(anabazinil)- chloroacetic acid are represented. For in silico analysis PASS, Molinspiration, OSIRIS software has been used. The results obtained show that summarizing all predictions N-(anabazinil)- isobutyric acid and N-(anabazinil)-chloroacetic acid are acceptable structures for creation new more active and effective derivati

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